final changes to rock project

RocksProject/1-RockData/2-Space-Rocks-Earth.md

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 # Space Rocks on Earth
 
-As previously mentioned, a prominent place to gather space rocks is actually on our Earth. However, while planned missions target specific types of space rocks, on Earth we are at the mercy of what type of meteor decides to crash onto our surface. Furthermore, meteorites are covered with a fusion crust - an ash-like crust surrounding the rock preventing those who collect them from being able to properly identify them until they are brought to the lab to be cleaned and analyzed.
+As previously mentioned, a prominent place to gather space rocks is actually on our Earth. However, while planned missions target specific types of space rocks, on Earth we are at the mercy of what type of meteorite decides to crash onto our surface. Furthermore, meteorites are covered with a fusion crust - an ash-like crust surrounding the rock preventing those who collect them from being able to properly identify them, until they are brought to the lab to be cleaned and analyzed.
 
 ## Where are these found
 
 Antarctica is a major spot for finding meteorites that have crashed into Earth, but they could be found anywhere around the globe. Antarctica is a great location for searching for meteorites because the black color of the fusion crust stands out very well in the white snow. In other areas, the meteorites might be obfuscated by vegetation, blend in to the ground, or even just look like other rocks or debris in the area. 
 
-Antartica also offers a unique, constant, cold climate that helps preserve the organic chemicals in the rocks. In other areas, the shifts in temperature and percipitation, along with If you ever go to Antarctica and see a black rock on the ground, pick it up because it is most likely a space rock. You can read more about the space rocks found in Antarctica [on this article](https://www.britannica.com/science/Antarctic-meteorite).
+![Meteorite in Antartica](RocksProject\images\meteorite_antartica.jpg)
+
+Antartica also offers a unique, constant, cold climate that helps preserve the organic chemicals in the rocks. In other areas, the shifts in temperature and percipitation, along with the impacts of humans in the area, makes the rock sample less likely to remain preserved. When conducting research on meteorites, ideally the rock is as preserved as possible to get a clear understanding of it's original composition. 
+
+If you ever go to Antarctica and see a black rock on the ground, pick it up because it is most likely a space rock. You can read more about the space rocks found in Antarctica [in this article](https://www.britannica.com/science/Antarctic-meteorite).

RocksProject/1-RockData/3-Struggles-of-gathering-space-rocks.md

@@ -1,13 +1,25 @@
 # The struggles of collecting space rocks
 
-While you may think the hard part of collecting space rocks is over after you have flown a rocket 238,855 miles to the moon, you would be mistaken. Even after astronauts or a rover have made it to the moon, picking the correct rocks becomes a very large challenge. Not only do rockets not have much space for cargo, but there are so many types of space rock out there and choosing which ones to pick up and which ones to not is a very difficult process.
+While you may think the hard part of collecting space rocks is over after you have flown a rocket 238,855 miles to the moon, you would be mistaken. Even after astronauts, or a rover, have made it to the moon, picking the correct rocks becomes a very large challenge. With limited space on rockets to bring samples back to Earth and so many types of space rock out there, choosing which ones to collect and which ones to leave behind is a very difficult process.
 
 ## Teaching Astronauts
 
-Astronauts already have a lot of things to prepare prior to a launch to space/the moon and space rocks aren't super easy to identify. For example, there are the more common types of space rocks like basalt and regolith (soil), but there is also a kind of rock known as breccias which are a combination of rocks smashed together. This means that rocks may look like the ones the astronauts are instructed to get, when you look at the chemical composition of them, they are not the right ones.
+Astronauts already have preparation prior to a launch into space and their priorities are often on a safe and successful journey. But one of the main goals of traveling to the Moon, for example, is to collect specimens so that we can better understand our universe. 
 
-Another aspect of gathering space rocks that might be hard to conceptualize is the procedure for picking up rocks that look "different". If you see a white rock surrounded by all black rocks, the normal instinct is to pick up said white rock and ignore all the others. However, this is not how to gather space rocks. You must pick get a large sample of the black rocks in the area to get an idea of that area. A common trick is to just pick up 10 "average" rocks in the area and then start looking for the more unique rocks.
+Have you ever walked along a rocky area and tried to pick out rocks that looked pretty? You could spend a good few hours looking over the surface of the Earth, trying not to miss anything special, but not wanting to get on your hands and knees and examine each rock. The surface of the Moon is pretty much all potential samples that an astronaut can take back. And the types of rocks are not easily identifiable at first glance.
+
+For example, there are the more common types of space rocks like basalt, crustal, and regolith (soil), but there is also a kind of rock known as breccias which are a combination of rocks smashed together. This means that rocks may look like the ones the astronauts are instructed to get, when you look at the chemical composition of them, they are not the right ones. Furthermore, the rock images that you will look through in this learning path have already been cleaned and the pictures of them are in a studio with good lighting and really close up. Being able to identify these ont he Moon, through a space suit, without being to feel it, and with less than ideal lighting makes it even more of a challenge.
+
+Basalt:  
+![An image of a Basalt rock](RocksProject\images\Basalt_Cristobalite_s69-45569.jpg)
+
+Crustal:  
+![An image of Crustal rock](RocksProject\images\Crustal_Anorthosite_s72-46804.jpg)
+
+## Uniqueness isn't always desireable
+
+Another aspect of gathering space rocks that might be hard to conceptualize is the procedure for picking up rocks that look "different". If you see a white rock surrounded by all black rocks, the normal instinct is to pick up said white rock and ignore all the others. However, this is not effective is the goal is to understand how and why that white rock is there amongst black rocks. Astronauts are asked to also collect samples of the black rocks in the area to get an accurate representation of the area. A common trick is to just pick up 10 "average" rocks in the area and then start collecting the more unique rocks.
 
 ## Using Rovers
 
-Having Astronauts learn about rocks is one thing, but controlling rovers to pick up the correct rocks on the moon is also difficult. For one, to send instructions to a rover so far away takes lots of time, so many instructions have to be simple (like move forward, turn right, ect.).
+Having Astronauts learn about rocks is one thing, but controlling rovers to pick up the correct rocks on the moon is also difficult. For one, to send instructions to a rover so far away takes lots of time, so many instructions have to be simple (like move forward, turn right, ect.). Furthermore, as you will see with this learning path, having a computer accurately identify rocks when they have been cleaned and professionally photographed is difficult, let along when there is dirt/dust covering them, the light is poor, there are shadows, and there is a lot of similar looking material surrounding them.

RocksProject/1-RockData/4-Solution.md

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 # A Solution to the Struggle
 
-Integrating Artificial Intelligence technology into this process could result in many of these struggles being alleviated. For example, we could send astronauts to the moon armed with a computer that can take pictures of rocks and tell the astronaut what type it is and if it should pick it up or not. This same computer could be placed in a rover that could autonomously drive around the moon and scan for rocks that we need.
+Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI)) into this process could improve the collection process for both humans and rovers. For example, we could send astronauts to the moon armed with a computer that can take pictures of rocks and tell the astronaut what type it likely is and the importance of that type for the general collection we have back here on Earth. This same computer could be placed in a rover that could autonomously drive around the moon and scan for rocks that we need.
 
-Along with this, this software could be used on Earth it could mean that anyone could go searching for space rocks and use this program to tell them what type of rock they found.
+With AI, the astronauts could more quickly collect rocks, and spend a few moments doing a secondary analysis to determine if they think it is the correct type and whether they should bring it back to Earth. This allows the astronauts to spend more time being trained on accurately identifying rocks instead of scanning the floor for them. It also could potentially allow astronauts to spend more time identifying rocks while on the Moon, since they may not have to spend as much time searching for them in the first place. The computer could also collect metadata (location, temperature, light exposure, etc) and with the astronauts feedback on accuracy, the model for the computer identifying the correct rocks could be improved over time. 
 
-This is just one way that Artificial Intelligence could be applied to collecting space rocks. We could also make a program to analyze pictures of the surfaces of planets and tell us what types of rocks are there or even create a program to search for planet to look like Earth.
+## AI on Earth
+
+As mentioned, AI performs better when the sample data is cleaner. Not just when the rocks are physically clean, but when the images of the rocks are similar in lighting (and therefore visual coloring of the rock), clean edges between the rock and the background, and clear indication of size with appropriate scaling. If there was an AI that would help identify, classify, and keep track of these samples, then we could have clear instructions for how to take the images (aka the data to inform the AI) and move the [lunar rock curation](https://curator.jsc.nasa.gov/) and lunar rock research towards more nuanced problems to be solved. 
+
+## The Future of AI in Space 
+
+While AI and image quality today might not be good enough to take a satellite image of a planet's surface and give an overview of the types of rocks that are on it, we can start to understand where AI *can* help and where it is limited. 

RocksProject/1-RockData/5-Example-Mission.md

@@ -2,8 +2,12 @@
 
 There are lots of missions that have taken astronauts and rovers to the moon to search for these rocks. One of which is the [OSIRIS-Rex mission](https://www.asteroidmission.org/objectives/).
 
-This mission consists of launching a rocket to orbit an asteroid named Bennu whose regolith space rock may record the earliest history of our solar system. This mission is all about finding out more about where we came from and what our destiny is.
+![OSIRIS-Rex launch](RocksProject\images\osiris-rex-launch.jpg)
 
-This mission is unique compared to the other types of missions that we have talked about. The OSIRIS-REx is not actually going to touch down on the asteroid, rather take very high quality pictures while in orbit. These pictures will get send to rock experts on Earth who will analyze features of them that could give us information about our solar system.
+The OSIRIS-Rex mission consists of launching a rocket to orbit an asteroid named Bennu whose regolith space rock may record the earliest history of our solar system. This mission is all about finding out more about where we came from and what our destiny is.
+
+![OSIRIS-Rex patches of fine-grain regolith](RocksProject\images\osiris-rex-regolith.jpg)
+
+This mission is unique compared to the other types of missions that we have talked about because the OSIRIS-Rex is not actually going to touch down onto the asteroid, rather take very high quality pictures while in orbit. These pictures will get sent to rock experts on Earth who will analyze features of them that could give us information about our solar system.
 
 [Check out their website](https://www.asteroidmission.org/galleries/) to learn more and see some amazing pictures captures from the spacecraft

RocksProject/1-RockData/6-Knowledge-Check.md

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 # Knowledge Check
 
-Which of the following is not a form space rocks can take?
+Which of the following is not a form space rocks can take?  
 
-Meteor
-Meteorite
-Asteroid
-Space Boulder *
+Meteor  
+Meteorite  
+Asteroid  
+Space Boulder *  
 
-If an astronaut sees one black rock surrounded by white rocks, they should only take the black rock? True or False?
-False*
+If an astronaut sees one black rock surrounded by white rocks, they should only take the black rock? True or False?  
+False*  
 
-The goal of the OSIRIS-REx mission is to:
+The goal of the OSIRIS-REx mission is to:  
 
-Find out about our history *
-Find an asteroid suitable to inhabit
-Test out a new rocket
-Test out a new camera
+Find out about our history *  
+Find an asteroid suitable to inhabit  
+Test out a new rocket  
+Test out a new camera  

RocksProject/images/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Image copyrights and information
+
+| File | URL | Date Accessed | Copyright |
+|------|-----|---------------|-----------|
+| [meteorite_antartica.jpg](RocksProject\images\meteorite_antartica.jpg) | [Wikipedia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Miller_Range,_Antarctica_-_Meteorite_(2).jpg) | July 22, 2020 | This file is in the public domain in the United States because it was solely created by NASA. NASA copyright policy states that "NASA material is not protected by copyright unless noted". (See Template:PD-USGov, NASA copyright policy page or JPL Image Use Policy.) |
+| [osiris-rex-launch.jpg](RocksProject\images\osiris-rex-launch.jpg) | [Ateroid Mission.org](https://www.asteroidmission.org/?attachment_id=1547#main) | July 22, 2020 | Date Taken: Sept. 8, 2016 Credit: United Launch Alliance |
+| [osiris-rex-regolith.jpg](RocksProject\images\osiris-rex-regolith.jpg) | [Ateroid Mission.org](https://www.asteroidmission.org/20190725finegrainedmaterial/) | July 22, 2020 | Date Taken: July 25, 2019 Instrument Used: OCAMS (PolyCam) Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona |