Add type conversion example to main.go

main.go

@@ -8,4 +8,6 @@ func main() {
 	variables.TestAllVariables()
 
 	variables.TestAllOperations()
+
+	variables.TypeConversion()
 }

variables/type-conversions.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package variables
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+func TypeConversion() {
+	/* Go is a statically typed language, which means
+	that the data type of a variable is known at
+	compile time. Once a variable is declared, it
+	cannot be assigned a value of another type. */
+
+	/* The following code will give an error
+	because the variable a is declared as an int
+	but we are trying to assign a float value to it */
+	// var a int = 10.5
+
+	/* Thus we need to convert the value to the
+	correct data type before assigning it to a variable */
+
+	/* The process of converting the value of
+	one data type to another data type
+	is called type conversion */
+
+	/* In Go, type conversion is done by
+	specifying the data type in which
+	we want to convert the value in parentheses
+	before the value */
+
+	/* The syntax for type conversion is:
+	<variable_name> = <data_type>(<value>) */
+
+	/* The expression T(v) converts the value v to the type T. */
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("Type Conversion")
+	var a int = 65
+
+	// Convert int to float32
+	var c float32 = float32(a)
+	fmt.Println("Converted a to float32:", c)
+
+	// Convert float32 to int
+	var d int = int(c)
+	fmt.Println("Converted c to int:", d)
+
+	/*Rune is an alias for int32
+	and is used to represent Unicode code points
+	the following code will print the character
+	corresponding to the Unicode code point 65
+	which is 'A'*/
+	var e rune = rune(a)
+	fmt.Println("Converted a to string:", e)
+
+	// Add an example of a type conversion that is not possible in Go
+	var s string = "123"
+	// var i int = int(s) // This type conversion is not possible in Go
+	// fmt.Println("Converted s to int:", i)
+	// This will give an error because you cannot convert a string to an int directly
+	// You will have to convert the string to a rune first and then to an int
+	var i int = int(rune(s[0]))
+	// This will convert the first character of the string to a rune and then to an int
+	fmt.Println("Converted s to int:", i)
+
+	// some type conversions may result in loss of data
+	// for example, converting a float to an int
+	// will result in the loss of the decimal part
+	var f float32 = 10.5
+	var g int = int(f)
+	fmt.Println("Converted f to int:", g)
+
+	// converting an int to a float will not result in loss of data
+	// because the float data type can store integer values as well
+	var h int = 10
+	var i1 float32 = float32(h)
+	fmt.Println("Converted h to float32:", i1)
+}