(docs) init architecture documentation

README.md

@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ Impress is built on top of [Django Rest Framework](https://www.django-rest-frame
 
 ## Getting started
 
+### Architecture
+
+Have a look at the [architecture](./docs/architecture.md) to get an overview of the project.
+
 ### Prerequisite
 
 Make sure you have a recent version of Docker and [Docker

docs/adr/ADR-0001-20250106-use-yjs-for-docs-editing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+## Decision TLDR;
+
+We will use Yjs a CRDT-based library for the collaborative editing of the documents.
+
+## Status
+
+Accepted
+
+## Context
+
+We need to implement a collaborative editing feature for the documents that supports real-time collaboration, offline capabilities, and seamless integration with our Django backend.
+
+## Considered alternatives
+
+### ProseMirror
+
+A robust toolkit for building rich-text editors with collaboration capabilities.
+
+| Pros | Cons |
+| --- | --- |
+| Mature ecosystem | Complex integration with Django |
+| Rich text editing features | Steeper learning curve |
+| Used by major companies | More complex to implement offline support |
+| Large community | |
+
+### ShareDB
+
+Real-time database backend based on Operational Transformation.
+
+| Pros | Cons |
+| --- | --- |
+| Battle-tested in production | Complex setup required |
+| Strong consistency model | Requires specific backend architecture |
+| Good documentation | Less flexible with different backends |
+| | Higher latency compared to CRDTs |
+
+### Convergence
+
+Complete enterprise solution for real-time collaboration.
+
+| Pros | Cons |
+| --- | --- |
+| Full-featured solution | Commercial licensing |
+| Built-in presence features | Less community support |
+| Enterprise support | More expensive |
+| Good offline support | Overkill for basic needs |
+
+### CRDT-based Solutions Comparison
+
+A CRDT-based library specifically designed for real-time collaboration.
+
+| Category | Pros | Cons |
+|----------|------|------|
+| Technical Implementation | • Native real-time collaboration<br>• No central conflict resolution needed<br>• Works well with Django backend<br>• Automatic state synchronization | • Learning curve for CRDT concepts<br>• More complex initial setup<br>• Additional metadata overhead |
+| User Experience | • Instant local updates<br>• Works offline by default<br>• Low latency<br>• Smooth concurrent editing | • Eventual consistency might cause brief inconsistencies<br>• UI must handle temporary conflicts |
+| Performance | • Excellent scaling with multiple users<br>• Reduced server load<br>• Efficient network usage<br>• Good memory optimization (especially Yjs) | • Slightly higher memory usage<br>• Initial state sync can be larger |
+| Development | • No need to build conflict resolution<br>• Simple integration with text editors<br>• Future-proof architecture | • Team needs to learn new concepts<br>• Fewer ready-made solutions<br>• May need to build some features from scratch |
+| Maintenance | • Less server infrastructure<br>• Simpler deployment<br>• Fewer points of failure | • Debugging can be more complex<br>• State management requires careful handling |
+| Business Impact | • Better offline support for users<br>• Scales well as user base grows<br>• No licensing costs (with Yjs) | • Initial development time might be longer<br>• Team training required |
+
+#### Yjs
+- **Type**: State-based CRDT
+- **Implementation**: JavaScript/TypeScript
+- **Features**:
+  - Rich text collaboration
+  - Shared types (Array, Map, XML)
+  - Binary encoding
+  - P2P support
+- **Performance**: Excellent for text editing
+- **Memory Usage**: Optimized
+- **License**: MIT
+
+#### Automerge
+- **Type**: Operation-based CRDT
+- **Implementation**: JavaScript/Rust
+- **Features**:
+  - JSON-like data structures
+  - Change history
+  - Undo/Redo
+  - Binary format
+- **Performance**: Good, with Rust backend
+- **Memory Usage**: Higher than Yjs
+- **License**: MIT
+
+#### Legion
+- **Type**: State-based CRDT
+- **Implementation**: Rust with JS bindings
+- **Features**:
+  - High performance
+  - Memory efficient
+  - Binary protocol
+- **Performance**: Excellent
+- **Memory Usage**: Very efficient
+- **License**: Apache 2.0
+
+#### Diamond Types
+- **Type**: Operation-based CRDT
+- **Implementation**: TypeScript
+- **Features**:
+  - Specialized for text
+  - Small memory footprint
+  - Simple API
+- **Performance**: Good for text
+- **Memory Usage**: Efficient
+- **License**: MIT
+
+Comparison Table:
+
+| Feature | Yjs | Automerge | Legion | Diamond Types |
+|---------|-----|-----------|--------|---------------|
+| Text Editing | ✅ Excellent | ✅ Good | ⚠️ Basic | ✅ Excellent |
+| Structured Data | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ⚠️ |
+| Memory Efficiency | ✅ High | ⚠️ Medium | ✅ Very High | ✅ High |
+| Network Efficiency | ✅ | ⚠️ | ✅ | ✅ |
+| Maturity | ✅ | ✅ | ⚠️ | ⚠️ |
+| Community Size | ✅ Large | ✅ Large | ⚠️ Small | ⚠️ Small |
+| Documentation | ✅ | ✅ | ⚠️ | ⚠️ |
+| Backend Options | ✅ Many | ✅ Many | ⚠️ Limited | ⚠️ Limited |
+
+Key Differences:
+1. **Implementation Approach**:
+   - Yjs: Optimized for text and rich-text editing
+   - Automerge: General-purpose JSON CRDT
+   - Legion: Performance-focused with Rust
+   - Diamond Types: Specialized for text collaboration
+
+2. **Performance Characteristics**:
+   - Yjs: Best for text editing scenarios
+   - Automerge: Good all-around performance
+   - Legion: Excellent raw performance
+   - Diamond Types: Optimized for text
+
+3. **Ecosystem Integration**:
+   - Yjs: Wide range of integrations
+   - Automerge: Good JavaScript ecosystem
+   - Legion: Limited but growing
+   - Diamond Types: Focused on text editors
+
+This analysis reinforces our choice of Yjs for the CRDT-based option as it provides:
+- Best-in-class text editing performance
+- Mature ecosystem
+- Active community
+- Excellent documentation
+- Wide range of backend options
+
+## Decision
+
+After evaluating the alternatives, we choose Yjs for the following reasons:
+
+1. **Technical Fit:**
+- Native CRDT support ensures reliable collaboration
+- Excellent offline capabilities
+- Good performance characteristics
+- Flexible backend integration options
+
+2. **Project Requirements Match:**
+- Easy integration with our Django backend
+- Supports our core collaborative features
+- Manageable learning curve for the team
+
+3. **Community & Support:**
+- Active development
+- Growing community
+- Good documentation
+- Open source with MIT license
+
+### Comparison of Key Features:
+
+| Feature | Yjs (CRDT) | ProseMirror | ShareDB | Convergence |
+|---------|-----|-------------|----------|-------------|
+| Real-time Collaboration | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
+| Offline Support | ✅ | ⚠️ | ⚠️ | ✅ |
+| Django Integration | Easy | Complex | Complex | Moderate |
+| Learning Curve | Medium | High | High | Medium |
+| Cost | Free | Free | Free | Paid |
+| Community Size | Growing | Large | Medium | Small |
+
+## Consequences
+
+### Positive
+- Simplified implementation of real-time collaboration
+- Good developer experience
+- Future-proof technology choice
+- No licensing costs
+
+### Negative
+- Team needs to learn CRDT concepts
+- Newer technology compared to alternatives
+- May need to build some features available out-of-the-box in other solutions
+
+### Risks
+- Community support might not grow as expected
+- May discover limitations as we scale

docs/architecture.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+## Architecture
+
+### Global system architecture
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    User -- HTTP --> Front("Frontend (NextJS)")
+    Front -- REST API --> Back("Backend (Django)")
+    Front <-- WebSocket --> Yserver("Microservice Yjs (Express)")
+    Back <-- WebSocket --> Yserver
+    Back -- REST API --> Yserver
+    Back --> DB("Database (PostgreSQL)")
+    Back <--> Celery --> DB
+    Front ----> S3
+    Front -- OIDC ---> Keycloak
+    Keycloak -- OIDC --> ProConnect
+    Crowdin
+```
+
+### Architecture decision records
+
+- [ADR-0001-20250106-use-yjs-for-docs-editing](./adr/ADR-0001-20250106-use-yjs-for-docs-editing.md)
+- ...