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# Configuration files | ||
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The MXCuBE core is organised as a tree of *HardwareObjects*, | ||
and configuration is organised with a file per HardwareObject. | ||
The (mandatory) topmost object in the tree is the *Beamline* object, | ||
which is configured in the `beamline_config.yml` file. | ||
This in turn contains the names of other configuration files, | ||
recursively, which may be a mixture of YAML and XML configuration files. | ||
The Beamline object can be accessed as an attribute of the HardwareRepository module | ||
(`HardwareRepository.beamline`). | ||
As of 2024-03-14 MXCuBE is in the middle of a change-over to a new system for configuration | ||
that uses YAML files instead of XML files, | ||
which has different ways of accessing the configuration data from inside the code. | ||
HardwareObjects can be configured to contain both other hardware objects and properties. | ||
The former are identified relative to the container by a role. | ||
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## Finding the files | ||
Configuration files are searched for by name in a series of directories given as a lookup path. | ||
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In mxcubeqt this is specified either with the `--coreConfigPath` command line parameter to MXCuBE, | ||
or through the `MXCUBE_CORE_CONFIG_PATH` environment variable. | ||
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In mxcubeweb the configuration lookup path is specified with the `--repository` option to `mxcube-server`, | ||
the default being `mxcubeweb/test/HardwareObjectsMockup.xml/`, | ||
where the mxcubeweb mock configuration resides. | ||
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There is a set of configuration data under the `mxcubecore/mxcubecore/configuration` directory. | ||
This includes the `mockup/` directory | ||
with `qt/` and `gphl/` subdirectories for mock mxcubeqt operation. | ||
There is also a directory with configuration for each beamline, | ||
but these are mostly not up to date. | ||
The actual beamline configuration files are mostly held in a separate (and non-comitted) directory at the beamlines. | ||
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## Yaml-configured objects | ||
### Code and file structure | ||
Each YAML-configured object has a `name` attribute, | ||
which is equal to the role that identifies the object within the containing object | ||
(the name of the Beamline object is `beamline`). | ||
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YAML-configured objects must be subclasses of the `BaseHardwareObjects.ConfiguredObject` class. | ||
HardwareObjects proper (which excludes e.g. `Beamline` and procedures) | ||
are subclasses of `BaseHardwareObjects.HadwareObjectYaml`. | ||
The most complete example is the Beamline object and the comments in `beamline_config.yml` | ||
are the best guide to the syntax of YAML configuration files. | ||
It is a key principle of YAML-configured classes that **all** attributes | ||
added in the configuration must match a pre-defined attribute coded in the class. | ||
This means that you can look in the class code to see which attributes are available. | ||
The only exception is the `_initialise_class` attribute at the start of the file. | ||
This dictionary contains the import name of the class that is to be created, | ||
and optionally parameters to be passed to the `init()` method of that class. | ||
The `_objects` attribute in the file gives the HardwareObjects that are contained in | ||
(i.e. children of) the object. | ||
The dictionary key is the role name, and the value is the name of the configuration file. | ||
Each `role_name` must match a read-only property coded in the body of the class, | ||
and must be added to the `__content_roles` list of the class by the class code. | ||
Note that classes are loaded and initialised in the order given by this list, | ||
so that there is a reproducible loading order. | ||
Contained objects can be defined as procedures, so that they are added to the list of procedures. | ||
Each YAML-configured class has an `_init()` method that is executed immediately after the object is created, | ||
and an `init()` function that is executed after configured parameters and contained objects have been loaded. | ||
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### Accessing configuration data | ||
The Beamline object (`HardwareRepository.beamline`) is a YAML-configured object, | ||
and is the starting point for finding other hardware objects. | ||
These may in turn contain other objects, so you can do e.g. | ||
`HardwareRepository.beamline.detector.distance` to get the detector distance motor object. | ||
Configured properties are similarly accessed as simple attributes, e,g, `beamline.default_acquisition_parameters`. | ||
Each `ConfiguredObject` has three special properties and one function to deal with the objects contained within it. | ||
These are: | ||
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- `all_roles`: a list of the roles (attribute names) of contained HardwareObjects, in loading order; | ||
- `all_objects_by_role`: an ordered dictionary of contained HardwareObjects; | ||
- `procedures` an ordered dictionary of HardwareObjects for procedures; | ||
- `replace_object()`: a method to replace an existing configured object at runtime with a new object. | ||
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## XML-configured objects | ||
### Code and file structure | ||
XML-configured objects have a `name()` method, | ||
that returns the name of the configuration file used to specify it (without the `.xml` suffix). | ||
It is this name that is used in internal data structures and a number of access functions. | ||
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XML-configured objects must be subclasses of the `BaseHardwareObjects.HardwareObject` class. | ||
A good example is `mxcubecore/configuration/mockup/detector-mockup.xml` | ||
(note that `hwrid` is an alias for what is normally written as `href`). | ||
In XML configuration contained objects are given using the "object" element, | ||
with the `href` attribute giving the configuration file name to pick up | ||
(you can use a similar syntax to redirect the topmost element to another file) | ||
and the `role` attribute giving the role name. | ||
Simple properties are given as contained XML elements, | ||
and complex properties (dictionaries) are given as elements of type 'object' without a 'href' attribute. | ||
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The configuration data are kept in complex internal data structures, | ||
with links back to the original XML. | ||
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The important methods can be found in the `BaseHardwareObjects,HardwareObjectNode` class. | ||
XML-configured files have no limits on the attributes or objects they can contain. | ||
This leads to greater flexibility, since you can add a new attribute when needed without modifying the class code; | ||
it also means that there is no way to check which attributes are supported without looking into the configuration files, | ||
and gives more scope for local and potentially conflicting implementations. | ||
The functions have quite complex behaviour that amounts to overloading. | ||
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### Accessing configuration data | ||
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The recommended way to access contained objects is through the `get_object_by_role` function, | ||
since it works on role names rather than the less predictable file names. | ||
As implemented the function will look recursively in contained objects for a given role name | ||
if the topmost object does not contain it. | ||
The `get_roles` method returns a list of roles that are defined on the object itself. | ||
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You can get and set the values of simple properties by normal `obj.attr` syntax, | ||
which will also get you normal, non-property attributes. | ||
The `get_properties` method returns a dictionary of all properties and their values, | ||
and the `get_property` method behaves as `get_properties().get`. | ||
Direct setting of properties internally calls the `set_property` function, | ||
and this function automatically converts strings to `int`, `float` or `bool` if possible. | ||
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There are additional ways of accessing contained objects. | ||
`get_objects` and `has_object` take as input the object name | ||
As currently coded (was it always thus?) the name is equal to the role name used to add the object. | ||
An XML-configured object is also coded to mimic a Python list and dictionary of contained objects, | ||
so that `anObject[ii]` | ||
(`ii` being an integer) returns the `ii`'th contained object, | ||
whereas `anObject[key]` (key being a string) returns the contained object defined by the name (i.e. the role name). | ||
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For XML-configured HardwareObjects (but not for YAML:-configured ones) | ||
there are two additional ways of getting hold of HardwareObjects. | ||
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Beamline.get_hardware_object lets you get a HO from a dotted list of rolenames (e.g. 'detector.distance') | ||
This is essentially a convenience function to avoid repeated get_object_by_role calls. | ||
For YAML-configured objects the same could be done by direct attribute access. | ||
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HardwareReposotory.get_hardware_object, on the other hand, | ||
lets you access hardware objects by the name of the configuration file, | ||
loading the file if it has not been loaded already. | ||
Use of this function requires you to hardwire the names of configuration files in the code. |
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