feat(targets): Support a x-sql-datatype JSON Schema annotation to let targets customize SQL type handling

[edgarrmondragon]

Tasks

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1. Add documentation
2. Update JSON typing helpers?
3. Use a JSON schema vocabulary in the SCHEMA messages (JSON Schema vocabulary for Singer schemas #2783)

Docs

• Updated SQL target guide
• JSONSchemaToSQL reference docs

Related

• [Feature]: Add sql-datatype to the SDK discovery and catalog.  #1323
• feat: Add sql-datatype to the SDK discovery and catalog #1872
• Closes feat(taps): Support declaring arbitrary SQLAlchemy type instances in SQL tap schemas #2102
• JSON Schema vocabulary for Singer schemas #2783

References

1. JSON Schema blog: The Last Breaking Change
2. JSON Schema blog: Custom Annotations Will Continue

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://meltano-sdk--2829.org.readthedocs.build/en/2829/

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #2829 will not alter performance

_{Comparing x-sql-datatype (bddbfe4) with main (8638b07)}

Summary

✅ 7 untouched benchmarks

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 91.30%. Comparing base (8638b07) to head (bddbfe4).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2829      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.29%   91.30%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files          62       62              
  Lines        5190     5201      +11     
  Branches      669      671       +2     
==========================================
+ Hits         4738     4749      +11     
  Misses        319      319              
  Partials      133      133              

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