Huge thanks to lty2008one's work, a new code which is basically re-written on the key pressing part brought significant improvement on Switch performance. However it still needs some tweaks for stable usage. The improved code is on the develop branch.
A easy to build e-box with Arduino Leonardo/ProMicro. Huge thanks to lty2008one for improving performance on Switch.
Play demo: Senpuu no Mai [Heaven] Full Combo.
- Nintendo Switch Support (with good performace)
- Easy to build.
- Arduino Leonardo/Pro Micro
- Piezo sensor x4
- 1MOhm resistor x4
- Bread borad and wires(you can print your own pcb if you want)
4 piezo sensors, one pin to the GND, and the other to the A0-A3. Connect 1MOhm resistor to each sensor parallelly.
Note: Piezo sensor will generate positive and negative voltage when working, so positive/negative to GND probably doesn't matter. You've heard that negative voltage will probably damage the analog pin. However since the current generated by the sensor is really really low, I would say it's most likely safe. If that concern you, you can use diodes or diode bridges to fix this issue.
In Arduino IDE, board manager, download Arduino AVR Board.
Then, you need to download Keyboard and NintendoSwitchLibrary in your Arduino IDE's library manager.
Then compile and upload the code to the board. then it should work fine.
You need to change the VID and PID first.
In board.txt( Arduino IDE 1.8.x ).
leonardo.vid.1=0x0F0D
leonardo.pid.1=0x0092
leonardo.build.vid=0x0F0D
leonardo.build.pid=0x0092
Location of board.txt can be various depends on your IDE version. For current Arduino IDE, both 1.8(legacy) and 2, it should be in C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\arduino\hardware\avr\1.8.6
For Linux user, it should be at ~/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/avr/1.8.6
Then connect Pin1 to GND, hit reset button. (Or plug into the Switch while connecting) It should work fine now.
To switch back to PC mode, connect Pin0 to GND and hit reset button. (or plug into the PC while connecting).
Uncomment extendKey() can map D0 and D1 to Button::PLUS and Hat::RIGHT. In case you want configuration in NS2. However I'm not sure if there will be any negative effect on the perfermance.
Switch button definition list (more information at Nintendo Switch Library):
Button::Y
Button::B
Button::A
Button::X
Button::L
Button::R
Button::ZL
Button::ZR
Button::MINUS
Button::PLUS
Button::LCLICK
Button::RCLICK
Button::HOME
Button::CAPTURE
Hat::UP
Hat::UP_RIGHT
Hat::RIGHT
Hat::DOWN_RIGHT
Hat::DOWN
Hat::DOWN_LEFT
Hat::LEFT
Hat::UP_LEFT
Hat::NEUTRAL
Uncomment analogMonitor() and comment all the section in main loop below. Then you can check each sensors analog value after passing the threshold.
Also some commented line can be found for different debug purposes.
// Serial.println("DECAY");
// Serial.println(threshold); //Check decay, in order to set proper k_increase and k_decay.
Once a analog value is higher the threshold, a input will be detected.
We all know AC Taiko was built with 4 parts: left rim, left surface, right surface, right rim.
However, unlike electronic drum set, where each piezo sensors are seperated, there will always be some connection between each part of the Taiko drum, no matter the base wooden plate or the rubber surface. So when you hit one part, the other 3 parts will also be vibrated, causing all the sensors delivering signals.
If the noise signal from the other parts was detected before the actual part that got hit, a mistaken input will happen.
To prevent mistaken input, we need to create a buffer window. It will start storage all the analog input into buffer for a short period. Since the noise analog value on other sensor should be smaller than the one which actual got hit, comparing each value in buffer, the largest value should be generated by the actual sensor got hit.
The parameter cd_length will effect the buffer size. If it was set too large, it will take a significant time to find the largest number, causing input latency. If it was too small, the buffer windows may not cover the largest value from the sensor.
If the buffer time and key press time is too short, even shorter than the vibrating time, when the whole input process is over, the sensor will still sent signal, and again once it's higher than the threshold, another input will be triggered. Causing double input in one hit. The harder you hit the drum, the more significant this issue will be.
That's why I imported dynamic threshold. the harder you hit the drum, the higher the threshold will be raised. which let the threshold higher than the vibration.
The dynamic threshold will be the maximun analogValue in buffer multiplied by k_increase. and in every loop the current threshold will be multiplied by k_decay until it's back to the original threshold.
This algorithm support simultaneous input (you need that to hit big notes on console version of Taiko no Tatsujin for a higher score). Technically you can't do that with this code. However with the new button pressing code, 2 input can happened at a really short time. Which is good enough for Switch to recongnized it as simultaneous input.
You can also imply some smoothing filter to preprocessing the raw analog input signal. In my case, the sensors are good enough.
The value to trigger a input. use 5V as reference, divided the signal from 0 to 1024. The lower it was set, the more sensitive the drum will get. If it's lower than the idle noises which piezo sensor will definitely generated, random input will occur.
How many loops to read all 4 sensors' analogValue. Since cd_length define one loop for all 4 sensors, buffer_size should be 4*cd_length.
Which means you can change this value to adjust the buffer size. The smaller it was set, the faster response you will get after hit the drum.
Every time a hit was detected, the threshold will change to the largest pin value multiplied by k_increase. Which can prevent double input when the cd_length/buffer_size was set too low.
Every loop the current threshold will multiply k_decay in order to go back to the original threshold.
Nintendo Switch support from
NintendoSwitchControlLibrary by lefmarna.
lty2008one for improving performance on Nintendo Switch.
Algorithm inspired by multiple Taiko project, including:
ArduinoTaikoController by LuiCat.
Taiko-Input by sachikoxz12.