Dependencies: Add support for Python 3.12 #3918

Job	Run time
validate-dependency-specification	10s
install-with-conda (3.9, true)	1m 8s
install-with-pip	28s
install-with-conda (3.10, true)	1m 6s
install-with-pip ([atomic_tools,docs,notebook,rest,tests,tui])	1m 32s
install-with-conda (3.11, true)	1m 13s
install-with-conda (3.12, true)	1m 16s
install-with-conda (false)	1m 3s
create-conda-environment	3m 13s
resolve-pip-dependencies (3.9)	1m 24s
resolve-pip-dependencies (3.10)	1m 25s
resolve-pip-dependencies (3.11)	1m 29s
resolve-pip-dependencies (3.12)	2m 42s
tests (3.9)	18m 6s
tests (3.10)	17m 55s
tests (3.11)	18m 25s
tests (3.12)	25m 48s
check-requirements	12s
	1h 38m 35s

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