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minor in subgroups
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UlrikBuchholtz committed Jan 12, 2025
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39 changes: 21 additions & 18 deletions actions.tex
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Expand Up @@ -451,8 +451,8 @@ \subsection{Transitive $G$-sets}
\begin{marginfigure}
\noindent\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\len}{1}
\node[vertex,label=above:$x$] (n1) at (0:\len) {};
\node[vertex] (n2) at (120:\len) {};
\node[vertex] (n1) at (0:\len) {};
\node[vertex,label=above:$x$] (n2) at (120:\len) {};
\node[vertex] (n3) at (240:\len) {};
\begin{scope}[every to/.style={bend right=22}]
% generator a
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -682,12 +682,12 @@ \subsection{Subgroups through $G$-sets}
As an example, recall from \cref{def:RmtoS1} the $\Sc$-set
$R_m : \Sc\to\Set$ defined by $R_m(\base) \defeq \bn m$ and
$R_m(\Sloop) \defis \etop\zs$. Here $m>0$ so that we can point
$R_m$ by $0: R_m(\base)$.\footnote{Any element of $\bn m$ would do.}
$R_m$ by $0: R_m(\base)$.\footnote{Any element of $\bn m$ would do.}
Transitivity of $R_m$ is obvious.
Which symmetries $p: \base\eqto\base$ are picked out by $R_m$?
Those that keep the point $0: R_m(\base)$ in place, that is,
those that satisfy $R_m(p)(0)=0$, \ie $p=\Sloop^{mk}$ for some integer $k$.
Given $\alpha_m$ in \cref{con:psi-alpha-m}, it should not come as a
Given $\alpha_m$ in \cref{con:psi-alpha-m}, it should not come as a
surprise that these are precisely the symmetries picked out by $\dg{m}$.

The case of $m=0$ connects to another old friend, the $\Sc$-set
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -720,27 +720,29 @@ \subsection{Subgroups through $G$-sets}

\begin{example}
\label{exa:fix1subSGn}%
Consider the group $\SG_n$ (\cref{ex:groups}\ref{ex:permgroup})
for given $n>0$. For any $k:\bn n$, define
the $\SG_n$-set $X_k : \BSG_n \to\Set$ by $X_k(A,!)\defeq A$ for any
$A:\FinSet_n$. Then $X_k$ is obviously transitive. We point $X_k$ by
$k: X_k(\sh_{\SG_n}) \jdeq \bn n$.\footnote{Here the choice of the point
Consider the symmetric group $\SG_n$ from~\cref{ex:groups}\ref{ex:permgroup},
for some $n>0$. It has a canonical action,
the $\SG_n$-set $X : \BSG_n \to\Set$ given by $X(A,!)\defeq A$
for any $A:\FinSet_n$, which is obviously transitive.
For any $k:\bn n$, we can point $X$ by
$k: X(\sh_{\SG_n}) \jdeq \bn n$.\footnote{The choice of the point
does matter for the symmetries that are picked out.}
Thus we have $(X_k,k,!):\Sub_{\SG_n}$.
Thus we have $(X,k):\Sub(\SG_n)$.
The symmetries that are picked out are those $\pi : \bn n \eqto \bn n$
that satisfy $(\pi \cdot_{X_k}k) = k$.\footnote{%
This uses the alternative notation for the group action of $X_k$
that satisfy $(\pi \cdot_X k) = k$.\footnote{%
This uses the alternative notation for the group action of $X$
introduced in \cref{def:Gset}.}
In other words, $\pi$ keeps $k$ in place and can be any permutation
of the other elements of $\bn n$. From the next \cref{xca:n-is-ptd-n+1}
we get that the underlying group of each $(X_k,k,!)$
of the other elements of $\bn n$.
From the next~\cref{xca:n-is-ptd-n+1}
we get that the underlying group of each $(X,k)$
is isomorphic to $\SG_{n-1}$.
\end{example}

\begin{xca} \label{xca:n-is-ptd-n+1}
Give an equivalence from the type of
$n$-element sets to the type of pointed $(n{+}1)$-element sets.
Hint: use \cref{xca:finsets-decidable}.
\begin{xca}\label{xca:n-is-ptd-n+1}
Give an equivalence from the type of
$n$-element sets to the type of pointed $(n{+}1)$-element sets.
Hint: use~\cref{xca:finsets-decidable}.
\end{xca}

\begin{xca} \label{xca:A-is-A-1+1}
Expand All @@ -751,6 +753,7 @@ \subsection{Subgroups through $G$-sets}
For yet another example, consider the cyclic group $\CG_6$ of order $6$; perhaps visualized as the rotational symmetries of a regular hexagon, \ie the rotations by $2\pi\cdot m /6$, where $m=0,1,2,3,4,5$.
The symmetries of the regular triangle (rotations by $2\pi\cdot m/3$, where $m=0,1,2$) can also be viewed as symmetries of the hexagon.
Thus there is a subgroup of $\CG_6$ which, as a group, is isomorphic to $\CG_3$.\marginnote{Make a TikZ drawing of the hexagon and triangle inscribe in it.}
%LINK TO CH 3 AND SQUARE ROOT OF 6 BUNDLE

\begin{example}
\label{exa:C3subC6}%
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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions macros.tex
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Expand Up @@ -859,9 +859,9 @@
% sep=0, outer sep=0, circle]%
% {$\bullet$};}}%
\newcommand*{\base}{{\sbt}}%point in circle
\newcommand*{\Cloop}{\circlearrowleft}% loop in circle \InfCycSet
\newcommand*{\Sloop}{\circlearrowleft}% loop in circle \Sc
\newcommand*{\qedge}{\curvearrowright}% edge in graph quotient
\newcommand*{\Cloop}{\mathop\circlearrowleft}% loop in circle \InfCycSet
\newcommand*{\Sloop}{\mathop\circlearrowleft}% loop in circle \Sc
\newcommand*{\qedge}{\mathop\curvearrowright}% edge in graph quotient

\newcommand*{\conncomp}[2]{{{#1}_{\left(#2\right)}}}%
\newcommand*{\univcover}[2]{{{#1}^0_{\left(#2\right)}}}%
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