add new grammar points

- added new grammar points to the grammar index. (#295) - ～し
SethClydesdale · Feb 7, 2025 · a02065a · a02065a
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diff --git a/lessons-3rd/appendix/grammar-index/index.html b/lessons-3rd/appendix/grammar-index/index.html
@@ -10007,6 +10007,112 @@ <h3 id="l13-p1" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="verb conjugation、can do
             </tr>
           </table><br>
 
+          <h3 id="l13-p2" class="workbook-title" data-keywords="shi、and、what’s more、not only but also、because、so、から、kara">2. ～し <span class="page-data">Genki II: p.28-29</span></h3>
+          <table class="table grammar-table">
+            <tr>
+              <td><ruby>本文<rt>ほんぶん</rt></ruby></td>
+              <td>
+                <ul>
+                  <li>
+                    いろいろな<ruby>人<rt>ひと</rt></ruby>に<ruby>会<rt>あ</rt></ruby>える<strong class="main-color">し</strong>、<ruby>日本語<rt>にほんご</rt></ruby>も<ruby>使<rt>つか</rt></ruby>える<strong class="main-color">し</strong>。【Dialogue II: //.2】<br>
+                    I can meet various people, <strong class="main-color">and</strong> I can use Japanese...
+                  </li>
+                </ul>
+              </td>
+            </tr>
+            <tr>
+              <td><ruby>説明<rt>せつめい</rt></ruby></td>
+              <td>
+                As we learned in <a href="#l9-p7">Lesson 9</a>, to give the reason for something, we can use the conjunction から.
+                <div class="columns-2-in">
+                  <div class="example"><ruby>日本語<rt>にほんご</rt></ruby>はおもしろい<strong class="main-color">から</strong>、<ruby>日本語<rt>にほんご</rt></ruby>の<ruby>授業<rt>じゅぎょう</rt></ruby>が<ruby>大好<rt>だいす</rt></ruby>きです。</div>
+                  <div class="example">I really like my Japanese class, <strong class="main-color">because</strong> Japanese is interesting.</div>
+                </div>
+                When you want to mention not just one, but two (or more reasons), you can use し in place of から. し usually follows a predicate in the short form, but the long form can be used as well to increase the level of formality.<br>
+                <span class="box-color bg spaced">　(reason1)し、(reason2)し、(situation)。 = (situation), because (reason1) and (reason2).　</span><br>
+
+                <div class="columns-2-in">
+                  <div class="example"><ruby>日本語<rt>にほんご</rt></ruby>はおもしろい<strong class="main-color">し</strong>、<ruby>先生<rt>せんせい</rt></ruby>はいい<strong class="main-color">し</strong>、<ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>は<ruby>日本語<rt>にほんご</rt></ruby>の<ruby>授業<rt>じゅぎょう</rt></ruby>が<ruby>大好<rt>だいす</rt></ruby>きです。</div>
+                  <div class="example">I really like my Japanese class, <strong class="main-color">because</strong> Japanese is interesting, <strong class="main-color">and</strong> our teacher is good.</div>
+                </div>
+
+                <div class="columns-2-in">
+                  <div class="example AB">
+                    <div class="line">
+                      <div class="name">A</div>
+                      <div class="text"><ruby>国<rt>くに</rt></ruby>に<ruby>帰<rt>かえ</rt></ruby>りたいですか。</div>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="line">
+                      <div class="name">B</div>
+                      <div class="text">いいえ、<ruby>日本<rt>にほん</rt></ruby>の<ruby>生活<rt>せいかつ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>楽<rt>たの</rt></ruby>しい<strong class="main-color">し</strong>、いい<ruby>友達<rt>ともだち</rt></ruby>がいる<strong class="main-color">し</strong>、<ruby>帰<rt>かえ</rt></ruby>りたくないです。</div>
+                    </div>
+                  </div>  
+
+                  <div class="example AB">
+                    <div class="line">
+                      <div class="name">A</div>
+                      <div class="text">Do you want to go back home?</div>
+                    </div>
+                    <div class="line">
+                      <div class="name">B</div>
+                      <div class="text">No. Life here in Japan is good, <strong class="main-color">and</strong> I have good friends here, <strong class="main-color">so</strong> I don't want to go back.</div>
+                    </div>
+                  </div>  
+                </div>
+
+                When you use just one し clause, you imply that it is not the only reason for the situation.
+                <div class="columns-2-in">
+                  <div class="example"><ruby>物価<rt>ぶっか</rt></ruby>が<ruby>安<rt>やす</rt></ruby>い<strong class="main-color">し</strong>、この<ruby>町<rt>まち</rt></ruby>の<ruby>生活<rt>せいかつ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>楽<rt>らく</rt></ruby>です。</div>
+                  <div class="example">Life in this city is easygoing. Things are inexpensive, <strong class="main-color">for one thing</strong>.</div>
+                </div><br>
+
+                You can also add the し clauses in a separate sentence, providing reasons for the situation just mentioned.
+                <div class="columns-2-in">
+                  <div class="example"><ruby>山下先生<rt>やましたせんせい</rt></ruby>はいい<ruby>先生<rt>せんせい</rt></ruby>です。<ruby>教<rt>おし</rt></ruby>えるのが<ruby>上手<rt>じょうず</rt></ruby>だ<strong class="main-color">し</strong>、<ruby>親切<rt>しんせつ</rt></ruby>だ<strong class="main-color">し</strong>。</div>
+                  <div class="example">Professor Yamashita is a great teacher. He is good at teaching, <strong class="main-color">and</strong> he is kind.</div>
+                </div>
+                Note that だ is used in the present tense with な-adjectives and nouns, but not with い-adjectives.
+                <table class="table alt-cell-color" style="width:auto;">
+                  <tr>
+                    <td>　い-adjectives:　</td>
+                    <td>　おもしろいし　</td>
+                    <td>　(×おもしろい<span class="t-red">だ</span>し)　</td>
+                  </tr>
+                  <tr>
+                    <td>　な-adjectives:　</td>
+                    <td>　<ruby>好<rt>す</rt></ruby>き<span class="ul-color">だ</span>し　</td>
+                    <td>　(×<ruby>好<rt>す</rt></ruby>きし)　</td>
+                  </tr>
+                  <tr>
+                    <td>　noun+です:　</td>
+                    <td>　<ruby>学生<rt>がくせい</rt></ruby><span class="ul-color">だ</span>し　</td>
+                    <td>　(×<ruby>学生<rt>がくせい</rt></ruby>し)　</td>
+                  </tr>
+                </table>
+              </td>
+            </tr>
+            <tr>
+              <td><ruby>英訳<rt>えいやく</rt></ruby></td>
+              <td>and; what’s more; not only ~ but also ~; because; so</td>
+            </tr>
+            <tr>
+              <td><ruby>文型<rt>ぶんけい</rt></ruby></td>
+              <td>
+                a. {V1/A1}し(、{V2/A2}し)<br>
+                b. {N1/ANa1}だし(、{N2/ANa2}だし)
+              </td>
+            </tr>
+            <tr class="ex-list">
+              <td><ruby>練習<rt>れんしゅう</rt></ruby></td>
+              <td>
+                <ul>
+                  <li><a href="../../lesson-13/grammar-4/">Practice: ～し</a></li>
+                  <li><a href="../../lesson-13/workbook-4/">Workbook: ～し</a></li>
+                </ul>
+              </td>
+            </tr>
+          </table><br>
+
           <br><h3 id="placeholder" class="workbook-title"><em>More coming soon...</em></h3>
         </div>
 

diff --git a/lessons-3rd/lesson-13/grammar-4/index.html b/lessons-3rd/lesson-13/grammar-4/index.html
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
     <script>Genki.generateQuiz({
       format : 'practice',
       type : ['multi', 'fill'],
-      info : 'Answer the questions using ～し～し. Examine the ideas in the cues and decide whether to answer the question in the affirmative or negative.',
+      info : 'Answer the questions using {!GRI|～し～し|l13-p2}. Examine the ideas in the cues and decide whether to answer the question in the affirmative or negative.',
 
       quizlet : [
         [

diff --git a/lessons-3rd/lesson-13/workbook-4/index.html b/lessons-3rd/lesson-13/workbook-4/index.html
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
     <script src="../../../resources/javascript/all.min.js"></script>
     <script>Genki.generateQuiz({
       type : 'fill',
-      info : 'Complete the following problems using ～し.',
+      info : 'Complete the following problems using {!GRI|～し|l13-p2}.',
 
       quizlet : 
       '<div class="count-problems valign-top">'+
-        '<p class="sectionDesc3rd"><span class="sectionNumber3rd">I</span>Complete the sentences, using ～し.</p>'+
+        '<p class="sectionDesc3rd"><span class="sectionNumber3rd">I</span>Complete the sentences, using {!GRI|～し|l13-p2}.</p>'+
 
         '<div class="problem">{寒いし|さむいし|answer;width:98;hint:(it is cold)}、{眠いし|ねむいし|answer;width:70;hint:(sleepy)}、<ruby>起<rt>お</rt></ruby>きたくないです。</div>'+
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
       '</div><br>'+
 
       '<div class="count-problems">'+
-        '<p class="sectionDesc3rd"><span class="sectionNumber3rd">II</span>Answer the questions by translating the responses and adding reasons with ～し.</p>'+
+        '<p class="sectionDesc3rd"><span class="sectionNumber3rd">II</span>Answer the questions by translating the responses and adding reasons with {!GRI|～し|l13-p2}.</p>'+
 
         '<div class="example-problem">'+
           '<div class="inner-problem">'+

diff --git a/lessons/lesson-13/grammar-4/index.html b/lessons/lesson-13/grammar-4/index.html
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
     <script src="../../../resources/javascript/all.min.js"></script>
     <script>Genki.generateQuiz({
       type : 'multi',
-      info : 'Answer the questions using ～し～し. Examine the ideas in the cues and decide how to answer the question.',
+      info : 'Answer the questions using {!GRI|～し～し|l13-p2}. Examine the ideas in the cues and decide how to answer the question.',
 
       quizlet : [
         {

diff --git a/lessons/lesson-13/workbook-4/index.html b/lessons/lesson-13/workbook-4/index.html
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
     <script src="../../../resources/javascript/all.min.js"></script>
     <script>Genki.generateQuiz({
       type : 'fill',
-      info : 'Complete the problems below using ～し.',
+      info : 'Complete the problems below using {!GRI|～し|l13-p2}.',
 
       quizlet : 
       '<div class="count-problems">'+
-        '<p class="section-desc">Complete the sentences, using ～し.</p>'+
+        '<p class="section-desc">Complete the sentences, using {!GRI|～し|l13-p2}.</p>'+
         '<div class="problem">{寒いし|さむいし|answer;width:98;hint:(it is cold)}、{眠いし|ねむいし|answer;width:70;hint:(sleepy)}、起きたくないです。</div>'+
 
         '<div class="problem">{頭がいいし|あたまがいいし|' + Genki.getAlts('{頭}が{い}いし', 'あたま|良') + Genki.getAlts('{頭}が{よ}いし', 'あたま|良') + 'answer;width:112;hint:(smart)}、{ギターが弾けるし|ギターがひけるし|answer;hint:(can play guitar)}、田中さんは人気があります。</div>'+
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ <h3><i class="fa">&#xf0a1;</i> News and Info</h3>
 
         '<div class="problem">{大学に入れたし|だいがくにはいれたし|' + Genki.getAlts('{大学}に{入}れたし', 'だいがく|はい') + 'answer;width:266;hint:(I was able to enter the university)}、{友だちがたくさんいるし|ともだちがたくさんいるし|' + Genki.getAlts('{友}{達}がたくさんいるし', 'とも|だち') + 'answer;width:182;hint:(I have many friends)}、今幸せです。</div>'+
 
-        '<p class="section-desc">Answer the questions by translating the responses and adding reasons with ～し.</p>'+
+        '<p class="section-desc">Answer the questions by translating the responses and adding reasons with {!GRI|～し|l13-p2}.</p>'+
         '<div class="problem">'+
           '日本語の授業が好きですか。<br>'+
           '(No, I don\'t like it. The teacher is strict, and there\'s a lot of homework.)<br>'+

diff --git a/sitemap.xml b/sitemap.xml
@@ -1984,6 +1984,7 @@
 
   <!-- Appendix -->
   <url><loc>https://sethclydesdale.github.io/genki-study-resources/lessons-3rd/appendix/dictionary/</loc></url>
+  <url><loc>https://sethclydesdale.github.io/genki-study-resources/lessons-3rd/appendix/grammar-index/</loc></url>
   <url><loc>https://sethclydesdale.github.io/genki-study-resources/lessons-3rd/appendix/map-of-japan/</loc></url>
   <url><loc>https://sethclydesdale.github.io/genki-study-resources/lessons-3rd/appendix/numbers-chart/</loc></url>
   <url><loc>https://sethclydesdale.github.io/genki-study-resources/lessons-3rd/appendix/conjugation-chart/</loc></url>