-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathREADME.txt
211 lines (154 loc) · 8.27 KB
/
README.txt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
The Brazilian Portuguese UD is converted from the Google Universal Dependency Treebanks v2.0 (legacy):
https://github.com/ryanmcd/uni-dep-tb
The README for that project is included here.
Changelog
2017-03-01 v2.0
* Converted to UD v2 guidelines.
2016-05-15 v1.3
* First release. No lemmas, no features. Dependencies converted from the legacy UD treebank.
=== Machine-readable metadata =================================================
Documentation status: stub
Data source: automatic
Data available since: UD v1.3
License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 US
Genre: news blog
Contributors: McDonald, Ryan; Nivre, Joakim; Zeman, Daniel
Contact: [email protected]
===============================================================================
(Original treebank contributors: LaMontagne, Adam; Souček, Milan; Järvinen, Timo; Radici, Alessandra)
###############################################################################
LEGACY README FILE BELOW
###############################################################################
===================================
Universal Dependency Treebanks v2.0
===================================
This directory contains treebanks for the following languages:
English, German, French, Spanish, Swedish, Korean, Japanese, Indonesian,
Brazilian Portuguese, Italian and Finnish.
A description of how the treebanks were generated can be found in:
Universal Dependency Annotation for Multilingual Parsing
Ryan McDonald, Joakim Nivre, Yvonne Quirmbach-Brundage, Yoav Goldberg,
Dipanjan Das, Kuzman Ganchev, Keith Hall, Slav Petrov, Hao Zhang,
Oscar Tackstrom, Claudia Bedini, Nuria Bertomeu Castello and Jungmee Lee
Proceedings of ACL 2013
A more detailed description of each relation type in our harmonized scheme is
included in the file universal-guidelines.pdf.
Each treebank has been split into training, development and testing files.
Each file is formatted according to the CoNLL 2006/2007 guidelines:
http://ilk.uvt.nl/conll/#dataformat
The treebank annotations use basic Stanford Style dependencies, modified
minimally to be sufficient for each language and be maximally consistent across
languages. The original English Stanford guidelines can be found here:
http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/dependencies_manual.pdf
==============================================================================
Version 2.0 - What is new
==============================================================================
1. Added more data for German, Spanish and French.
2. Added Portuguese Brazilian, Indonesian, Japanese, Italian and Finnish.
3. New content-head versions for 5 languages (see below).
4. A number of bug fixes in the harmonization process.
=====================
Standard dependencies
=====================
In release 2.0 we include two sets of dependencies. The first is standard
Stanford dependencies, which correspond roughly to the output of the
Stanford converter for English with the copula as head set to true. In
general, these are content-head dependency representations with two major
exceptions: 1) adpositions are the head in adpositional phrases, and 2) copular
verbs are the head in copluar constructions.
This data is in the std/ directory and contains all languages but Finnish.
Version 1.0 of the data is only standard.
==========================
Content head dependencies
==========================
In order to converge to a more uniform multilingual standard, in particular
for morphologically rich languages, this release also includes a beta version
of content-head dependencies for five languages: German, Spanish, Finnish,
French and Swedish. Here the content word is always the head of a phrase.
=============================================================================
Language Specific Information
=============================================================================
====================
English dependencies
====================
Note that the English dependencies are based on the original Penn Treebank data
automatically converted with the Stanford Dependency Converter. Instructions for
how to do this with corresponding scripts are included in the English directory.
====================
Finnish dependencies
====================
Finnish data is in the ch/fi directory and was produced by researchers at
the University of Turku. In that directory there are specific README and
LICENSE files for that data. Two things to note. First, the Finnish data is
only content-head. This is due to difficulties in automatically converting the
data to standard format from its original annotations. Second, we have included
a test set in the release, but this is not the real test set, just a subset of
the training. The true test set for this data is blind (as per the wishes of
the researchers at Turku). The unannotated test data is included as well as
instructions for obtaining scores on predictions.
=============================================================================
Other Information
=============================================================================
================================
Fine-grained part-of-speech tags
================================
In the CoNLL file format there is a coarse part-of-speech tag field (4) and a
fine-grained part-of-speech tag field (5). In this data release, we use the
coarse field to store the normalized universal part-of-speech tags that are
consistent across languages. The fine-grained field contains potentially richer
part-of-speech information depending on the language, e.g., a richer tag
representation for clitics.
=========================
Licenses and terms-of-use
=========================
For the following languages
German, Spanish, French, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean and Brazilian
Portuguese
we will distinguish between two portions of the data.
1. The underlying text for sentences that were annotated. This data Google
asserts no ownership over and no copyright over. Some or all of these
sentences may be copyrighted in some jurisdictions. Where copyrighted,
Google collected these sentences under exceptions to copyright or implied
license rights. GOOGLE MAKES THEM AVAILABLE TO YOU 'AS IS', WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
2. The annotations -- part-of-speech tags and dependency annotations. These are
made available under a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 non commercial license. GOOGLE MAKES
THEM AVAILABLE TO YOU 'AS IS', WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, WHETHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. See attached LICENSE file for the text of CC BY-NC-SA.
Portions of the German data were sampled from the CoNLL 2006 Tiger Treebank
data. Hans Uszkoreit graciously gave permission to use the underlying
sentences in this data as part of this release.
For English, Italian, Finnish and Swedish, please see licences included in
these directories or the following sources.
Finnish - http://bionlp.utu.fi/fintreebank.html
Swedish - http://stp.lingfil.uu.se/~nivre/swedish_treebank/
Italian - http://medialab.di.unipi.it/wiki/ISDT
We are greatful to researchers at those institutes who provided us data, in
particular:
Maria Simi and company from the University of Pisa.
Converting Italian Treebanks: Towards an Italian Stanford Dependency Treebank
Bosco, Cristina and Montemagni, Simonetta and Simi, Maria
Proceedings of LAW VII \& ID
Filip Ginter and company from the University of Turku.
Building the essential resources for Finnish: the Turku Dependency Treebank
Haverinen, Katri and Nyblom, Jenna and Viljanen, Timo and Laippala,
Veronika and Kohonen, Samuel and Missil{\"a}, Anna and Ojala, Stina and
Salakoski, Tapio and Ginter, Filip
Language Resources and Evaluation, 2013
Joakim Nivre and company from Uppsala University.
And Chris Manning and Marie-Catherine de Marneffe from Stanford and Ohio.
Generating typed dependency parses from phrase structure parses
MC De Marneffe, B MacCartney, CD Manning,
Proceedings of LREC, 2006
Any use of the data should reference the above plus:
Universal Dependency Annotation for Multilingual Parsing
Ryan McDonald, Joakim Nivre, Yvonne Quirmbach-Brundage, Yoav Goldberg,
Dipanjan Das, Kuzman Ganchev, Keith Hall, Slav Petrov, Hao Zhang,
Oscar Tackstrom, Claudia Bedini, Nuria Bertomeu Castello and Jungmee Lee
Proceedings of ACL 2013
=======
Contact
=======