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Naming and Necessity Lecture 1: 本质属性是什么 #3

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zhanhao93 opened this issue Jul 11, 2020 · 1 comment
Open

Naming and Necessity Lecture 1: 本质属性是什么 #3

zhanhao93 opened this issue Jul 11, 2020 · 1 comment

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@zhanhao93
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英文第一版p48。
本质属性( essential property)大体上应该是在指什么东西?

@Gloogger
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在我看来,Kripke似乎认为组成一个东西的材料(material)是这个东西的本质属性。比如(抱歉我记不得具体的页数了)当Aristotle的父母不再是我们在历史上知道的那两个人时,Aristotle也就不是Aristotle了。在Lecture 3 pp.113-114中,一张桌子如果不是由原本构成它的那块木头做出来的,而是由另一块木头,或者是Thames river里的水冻出的冰块(水很脏,所以冻出来的冰块像木头)做的,那我们其实就在讨论另一张桌子了。

上面的这个观点,如果我没有误会Kripke的话,会是很有趣的。因为这种关于personal identity的关系是单向的。即,孩子的identity is tied to his parents' identity, but his parents' identity is independent of the child! 孩子的父母变了,孩子就不再是原来的那个孩子了,但是如果父母最后决定丁克,那父母还会是父母,不会是另外的别人。更有趣的是,Hume说过(同样抱歉,出处忘了。。。)there is no necessary condition between distinctive existences. Kripke的这种单向identity relationship似乎和Hume的metaphysical claim相冲突。

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