Installing Garlic OS on your Anbernic RG35XX using macOS (single-card setup)

Instructions for installing Garlic OS on your Anbernic RG35XX using macOS. Adapted and expanded from https://pastebin.com/YV1Va5JL, originally written by A GUEST on 2022-12-30. (I wish there were a better way to cite your work — I’m sorry!)

Each step is explained in English with the corresponding terminal command below it. These instructions should work without problem on any modern macOS — with either Intel or Apple Silicon CPUs. Tested on macOS Sonoma 14.5 on both an Intel i9 chip, and an Apple M1 Max chip.

Caution

You will end up formatting the ROMS partition completely, so it is best to do this before you waste time copying any ROM files over.

Prerequisites

A relatively recent version of macOS. Apple generally provides support for the 3 most recent macOS releases, and we get new releases every Sept/Oct.
You know how to find/launch apps on your Mac. Spotlight is a great built-in tool for this (⌘-space). Third-party software like Alfred, Raycast, or Launchbar are also good tools for this.
Download balenaEtcher. The free version is totally fine.
Comfortable-enough using Terminal.app (or alternatives).
An application which can open .7z archives. I can recommend: The Unarchiver (free) or Archiver (paid; this is what I use).
You have Homebrew installed. (Installation is outside the scope of this tutorial, but it’s pretty fundamental if you do technical things on your Mac.)
- This includes installing the Xcode CLI tools (a much smaller download than the entire Xcode).

Prepare your SD card

I'm starting with a 32 GB SanDisk Ultra MicroSD card, formatted as NTFS. Nothing fancy, but from a reliable brand. Any kind of MicroSD card should be fine, provided that you feel confident in its reliability.

Here's the Amazon.com (US) link (not a referral link). If you want to learn more about which symbols mean which things, this Wired article provides a decent explanation.

Caution

If you ordered a card from Anbernic, it is probably not very reliable. Many people have reported reliability issues with these cards, resulting in data loss. So, heads-up.

On your Mac, open Disk Utility.
On the left (1) UntitledNTFS is the name of my volume (the same as the one that shows up in Finder). We want to select its parent, which lets us manage the entire SD card. Once we have that selected, we choose Erase from the tool bar (2).
After choosing Erase, we will be presented with a dialog box. This box contains a few options, and we want to change them.

Field Selection

Name Untitled is fine. We'll be changing this soon anyway.

Format Choose MS-DOS (FAT).

Scheme Choose Master Boot Record.

You should end up with this. If all is well, click the Erase button to begin.
Disk Utility will begin reformatting the MicroSD card. When it is done, it should say Operation successful. If so, click the Done button.
If there was an error…

IMPORTANT: If there was an error, we will need to take additional steps to resolve this. Take note of the device ID, which will help us resolve the issue.

These are the error messages we know about:
- MediaKit reports not enough space on device for requested operation
Verify that the volume is formatted as MS-DOS (FAT32).

Downloading Garlic OS

Visit https://www.patreon.com/posts/76561333
Read through the release notes so that you understand what you’re installing.
Just above the comment section are the download links. Download both parts.
- RG35XX-MicroSDCardImage.7z.001
- RG35XX-MicroSDCardImage.7z.002
Decompress the .7z files.
1. Select both files.
2. Right-click with a mouse; two-finger tap on a trackpad; or control-click with the keyboard — and then choose Open from the menu.
  
  (Or if you prefer the keyboard, type command-down (⌘ ↓) to open files.)
This will result in a new directory called RG35XX-MicroSDCardImage.7z/ with garlic.img inside.

Flashing the microSD card

Caution

If you have data you care about on the microSD card, back it up before flashing it with Garlic OS.

Launch balenaEtcher.
Choose Flash from file, then find and select the garlic.img disk image we downloaded previously.
Under Select target, choose the device which contains your microSD card. (Take note of the device ID under the Location header.)
Choose the Flash! button.
Let the flashing process run until it completes.
Your microSD card volumes will be unmounted after the flashing. Pop your card out, then put it back in so that Finder mounts your new volumes on the desktop.

If you don’t see the drives on the desktop, check your Finder settings (or Finder preferences in older macOS releases).
1. Go to Finder (click on the background, click inside a Finder window, etc.).
2. In the upper-left, find the Finder menu, and choose Settings… (or Preferences… in older macOS releases).
3. Check to see that CDs, DVDs, and iPods is checked.
If the flashing process named both partitions No Name, then rename the larger partition (≈3.38 GB) as ROMS and the smaller partition (≈10.4 MB) as MISC. This can be done in Finder the same way as renaming any other file.
Back up the BIOS/ and CFW/ folders from the ROMS partition. You will need to restore them after the partition resizing.

Running gdisk

Install gdisk using Homebrew.
```
brew install --cask gdisk
```

Use diskutil (installed by default on macOS) to view the list of mounted drives and look for the microSD card path. I have several external hard drives, and mine was /dev/disk11 with 4 partitions.

TIP: If you paid attention to the Location column in balenaEtcher when you were selecting a disk target, this will be the same location.

diskutil list

/dev/disk11 (internal, physical):
#:                       TYPE NAME                    SIZE       IDENTIFIER
0:      GUID_partition_scheme                        *31.9 GB    disk11
1:       Microsoft Basic Data MISC                    10.5 MB    disk11s1
2:       Microsoft Basic Data                         536.9 MB   disk11s2
3:       Microsoft Basic Data                         53.5 MB    disk11s3
4:       Microsoft Basic Data ROMS                    3.4 GB     disk11s4

Launch gdisk using sudo. You will likely need to enter your password to authenticate.

NOTE: sudo grants administrative permissions to your user, as if to say "super user, do this." If you don’t use sudo it will launch, but it will fail on some of the later steps.
```
sudo gdisk
```

gdisk will ask for your device ID. We’ve already found this twice. 😉

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9

Type device filename, or press <Enter> to exit:

My value was /dev/disk11. Yours may be different.

Warning: Devices opened with shared lock will not have their
partition table automatically reloaded!
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present

Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.

Command (? for help):

Enter the print command to verify we have loaded the right disk.

Disk /dev/disk11: 62333952 sectors, 29.7 GiB
Sector size (logical): 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 8F10075C-0512-4DBA-944E-1ADF2C17F4C0
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 7812466
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 16350 sectors (8.0 MiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
1           16384           36863   10.0 MiB    0700  MISC
2           36864         1085439   512.0 MiB   0700  SYSTEM
3         1085440         1189887   51.0 MiB    0700  CONFIG
4         1189888         7812466   3.2 GiB     0700  ROMS

Command (? for help):

Your values may be different. The important bits are these 4 partitions, with these approximate sizes.

We need a command that is only available in expert mode.
```
x
```
```
Expert command (? for help):
```

Move backup data structures to end of disk.

Relocating backup data structures to the end of the disk

Expert command (? for help):

Exit expert mode and return to main menu.
```
m
```
```
Command (? for help):
```
Delete the ROMS partition from the GPT table by entering delete mode.
```
d
```
```
Partition number (1-4):
```
For me the ROMS partition was 4. Verify yours from the initial print command, but it should also be 4.
```
4
```
```
Command (? for help):
```

Enter print command again to verify that we have deleted the correct partition.

NOTE: Remember nothing takes affect until we save and quit, so if there is a mistake, just quit without saving (q) and start again.

Disk /dev/disk11: 62333952 sectors, 29.7 GiB
Sector size (logical): 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 8F10075C-0512-4DBA-944E-1ADF2C17F4C0
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 62333918
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 61160381 sectors (29.2 GiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
1           16384           36863   10.0 MiB    0700  MISC
2           36864         1085439   512.0 MiB   0700  SYSTEM
3         1085440         1189887   51.0 MiB    0700  CONFIG

Command (? for help):

Enter create new partition mode.
```
n
```
```
Partition number (4-128, default 4):
```

Choose 4.

First sector (34-62333918, default = 1189888) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

When it asks you the for first and last sector, press enter on both of these to use the default values.

enter

Last sector (1189888-62333918, default = 62332927) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

enter

Current type is AF00 (Apple HFS/HFS+)
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = AF00):

For the hex code, choose 0700 for Microsoft Basic Data (as the partition is FAT32).

Changed type of partition to 'Microsoft basic data'

Command (? for help):

Enter print command again to verify that we have deleted the correct partition.

NOTE: Remember nothing takes affect until we save and quit, so if there is a mistake, just quit without saving (q) and start again.

Disk /dev/disk11: 62333952 sectors, 29.7 GiB
Sector size (logical): 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 8F10075C-0512-4DBA-944E-1ADF2C17F4C0
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 62333918
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 17341 sectors (8.5 MiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
1           16384           36863   10.0 MiB    0700  MISC
2           36864         1085439   512.0 MiB   0700  SYSTEM
3         1085440         1189887   51.0 MiB    0700  CONFIG
4         1189888        62332927   29.2 GiB    0700  Microsoft basic data

Enter write mode. This will perform the changes to your disk.

CAUTION: This is your last chance to quit without breaking anything. Choose q if you have noticed a mistake during the print step.

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N):

…and confirm!

OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/disk11.
Warning: Devices opened with shared lock will not have their
partition table automatically reloaded!
Warning: The kernel may continue to use old or deleted partitions.
You should reboot or remove the drive.
The operation has completed successfully.

Eject the mounted volumes. You can either:
1. Select them and drag them to the trash can, or…
2. Right-click with a mouse; two-finger tap on a trackpad; or control-click with the keyboard — and then choose Eject from the menu.
Pop your card out, then put it back in so that Finder mounts your new volumes on the desktop.

NOTE: The size of the ROMS volume will still be incorrect until the next step.

Cleaning up and restoring backups

Open Disk Utility (installed by default on macOS), and find the ROMS partition.
Erase the partition. For the name, keep ROMS. For the format, choose MS-DOS (FAT).
Wait for it to complete.
Finally re-copy the BIOS/ and CFW/ folders we backed-up earlier, and any ROM files and/or save files that you want to make available to your device.

Congratulations!

You have installed Garlic OS to your Anbernic RG35XX!

Put the microSD card back into the top slot, and power-on the device.

For more fun, check out custom themes/skins, as well as creating a custom boot screen!

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installing-garlicos-single-card.en_us.md

installing-garlicos-single-card.en_us.md

Installing Garlic OS on your Anbernic RG35XX using macOS (single-card setup)

Prerequisites

Prepare your SD card

Downloading Garlic OS

Flashing the microSD card

Running gdisk

Cleaning up and restoring backups

Congratulations!

Field	Selection
Name	Untitled is fine. We'll be changing this soon anyway.
Format	Choose MS-DOS (FAT).
Scheme	Choose Master Boot Record.

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installing-garlicos-single-card.en_us.md

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Installing Garlic OS on your Anbernic RG35XX using macOS (single-card setup)

Prerequisites

Prepare your SD card

Downloading Garlic OS

Flashing the microSD card

Running gdisk

Cleaning up and restoring backups

Congratulations!