CITATION.cff

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preferred-citation:
  type: article
  authors:
    - family-names: Shi
      given-names: Lilong
    - family-names: Xiong
      given-names: Weihua
    - family-names: Funt
      given-names: Brian
  title: "Illumination estimation via thin-plate spline interpolation"
  journal: "J. Opt. Soc. Am. A"
  keywords:
    - Digital image processing
    - Vision, color, and visual optics
    - Color
    - Color, measurement
    - Color vision
    - Camera calibration
    - Illumination
    - Image registration
    - Interpolation
    - Light sources
    - Neural networks
  volume: 28
  number: 5
  pages: 940-948
  publisher: "Optica Publishing Group"
  year: 2011
  month: 5
  doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.28.000940
  url: https://opg.optica.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-28-5-940
  abstract: |
    Thin-plate spline interpolation is used to interpolate the chromaticity of the color of the incident scene illumination across a training set of images. Given the image of a scene under unknown illumination, the chromaticity of the scene illumination can be found from the interpolated function. The resulting illumination-estimation method can be used to provide color constancy under changing illumination conditions and automatic white balancing for digital cameras. A thin-plate spline interpolates over a nonuniformly sampled input space, which in this case is a training set of image thumbnails and associated illumination chromaticities. To reduce the size of the training set, incremental k medians are applied. Tests on real images demonstrate that the thin-plate spline method can estimate the color of the incident illumination quite accurately, and the proposed training set pruning significantly decreases the computation.