diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 2c7b9d4..990fd0a 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -28,6 +28,13 @@ print(path.shape)
 # the anisotropic euclidean distance from the source to all labeled vertices.
 dist_field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(field, source=(0,0,0), anisotropy=(4,4,40))
 
+# To make the EDF go faster add the free_space_radius parameter. It's only
+# safe to use if you know that some distance around the source point
+# is unobstructed space. For that region, we use an equation instead
+# of dijkstra's algorithm. Hybrid algorithm! free_space_radius is a physical
+# distance, meaning you must account for anisotropy in setting it.
+dist_field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(field, source=(0,0,0), anisotropy=(4,4,40), free_space_radius=300) 
+
 # Given a numerical field, for each directed edge from adjacent voxels A and B, 
 # use B as the edge weight. In this fashion, compute the distance from a source 
 # point for all finite voxels.
@@ -82,7 +89,7 @@ float* field = dijkstra::euclidean_distance_field3d<float>(
   labels, 
   /*sx=*/512, /*sy=*/512, /*sz=*/512, 
   /*wx=*/4, /*wy=*/4, /*wz=*/40, 
-  source
+  source, /*free_space_radius=*/0 // set to > 0 to switch on
 );
 
 float* field = dijkstra::distance_field3d<float>(labels, /*sx=*/512, /*sy=*/512, /*sz=*/512, source);
diff --git a/automated_test.py b/automated_test.py
index 40fdd83..3d1becc 100644
--- a/automated_test.py
+++ b/automated_test.py
@@ -563,7 +563,8 @@ def test_distance_field_2d_asymmetric(dtype):
   field = dijkstra3d.distance_field(values, (0,1))
   assert np.all(field == answer)
 
-def test_euclidean_distance_field_2d():
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('free_space_radius', (0,1,2,3,4,5,10))
+def test_euclidean_distance_field_2d(free_space_radius):
   values = np.ones((2, 2), dtype=bool)
 
   sq2 = sqrt(2)
@@ -574,7 +575,7 @@ def test_euclidean_distance_field_2d():
     [1, sq2],
   ], dtype=np.float32)
 
-  field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, (0,0))
+  field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, (0,0), free_space_radius=free_space_radius)
   assert np.all(np.abs(field - answer) < 0.00001)
 
   values = np.ones((5, 5), dtype=bool)
@@ -587,7 +588,7 @@ def test_euclidean_distance_field_2d():
      [4,        4.4142137 , 4.8284273, 5.2426405 , 5.656854 ]], 
   dtype=np.float32)
 
-  field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, (0,0,0), (1,1,1))
+  field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, (0,0,0), (1,1,1), free_space_radius=free_space_radius)
   assert np.all(np.abs(field - answer) < 0.00001) 
 
   answer = np.array([
@@ -602,11 +603,11 @@ def test_euclidean_distance_field_2d():
   ], dtype=np.float32)
 
   values = np.ones((2, 2, 2), dtype=bool)
-  field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, (0,0,0), (1,1,1))
+  field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, (0,0,0), (1,1,1), free_space_radius=free_space_radius)
   assert np.all(np.abs(field - answer) < 0.00001)   
 
   values = np.ones((2, 2, 2), dtype=bool)
-  field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, (1,1,1), (1,1,1))
+  field = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, (1,1,1), (1,1,1), free_space_radius=free_space_radius)
 
   answer = np.array([
     [
@@ -621,6 +622,15 @@ def test_euclidean_distance_field_2d():
 
   assert np.all(np.abs(field - answer) < 0.00001)   
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('point', (np.random.randint(0,256, size=(3,)),))
+def test_euclidean_distance_field_3d_free_space_eqn(point):
+  point = tuple(point)
+  print(point)
+  values = np.ones((256, 256, 256), dtype=bool)
+  field_dijk = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, point, free_space_radius=0) # free space off
+  field_free = dijkstra3d.euclidean_distance_field(values, point, free_space_radius=10000) # free space 100% on
+
+  assert np.all(np.abs(field_free - field_dijk) < 0.001) # there's some difference below this
 
 def test_compass():
   field = np.array([
diff --git a/dijkstra3d.cpp b/dijkstra3d.cpp
index fa0fc2a..7f0450c 100644
--- a/dijkstra3d.cpp
+++ b/dijkstra3d.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* Generated by Cython 0.29.15 */
+/* Generated by Cython 0.29.21 */
 
 #define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
 #include "Python.h"
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 #elif PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000 || (0x03000000 <= PY_VERSION_HEX && PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03030000)
     #error Cython requires Python 2.6+ or Python 3.3+.
 #else
-#define CYTHON_ABI "0_29_15"
-#define CYTHON_HEX_VERSION 0x001D0FF0
+#define CYTHON_ABI "0_29_21"
+#define CYTHON_HEX_VERSION 0x001D15F0
 #define CYTHON_FUTURE_DIVISION 1
 #include <stddef.h>
 #ifndef offsetof
@@ -449,7 +449,11 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE void * PyThread_tss_get(Py_tss_t *key) {
   #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_DATA(u)         PyUnicode_DATA(u)
   #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_READ(k, d, i)   PyUnicode_READ(k, d, i)
   #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_WRITE(k, d, i, ch)  PyUnicode_WRITE(k, d, i, ch)
+  #if defined(PyUnicode_IS_READY) && defined(PyUnicode_GET_SIZE)
   #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_IS_TRUE(u)      (0 != (likely(PyUnicode_IS_READY(u)) ? PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(u) : PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(u)))
+  #else
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_IS_TRUE(u)      (0 != PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(u))
+  #endif
 #else
   #define CYTHON_PEP393_ENABLED 0
   #define PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND  1
@@ -498,8 +502,10 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE void * PyThread_tss_get(Py_tss_t *key) {
   #define PyString_Type                PyUnicode_Type
   #define PyString_Check               PyUnicode_Check
   #define PyString_CheckExact          PyUnicode_CheckExact
+#ifndef PyObject_Unicode
   #define PyObject_Unicode             PyObject_Str
 #endif
+#endif
 #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
   #define __Pyx_PyBaseString_Check(obj) PyUnicode_Check(obj)
   #define __Pyx_PyBaseString_CheckExact(obj) PyUnicode_CheckExact(obj)
@@ -510,6 +516,13 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE void * PyThread_tss_get(Py_tss_t *key) {
 #ifndef PySet_CheckExact
   #define PySet_CheckExact(obj)        (Py_TYPE(obj) == &PySet_Type)
 #endif
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030900A4
+  #define __Pyx_SET_REFCNT(obj, refcnt) Py_SET_REFCNT(obj, refcnt)
+  #define __Pyx_SET_SIZE(obj, size) Py_SET_SIZE(obj, size)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_SET_REFCNT(obj, refcnt) Py_REFCNT(obj) = (refcnt)
+  #define __Pyx_SET_SIZE(obj, size) Py_SIZE(obj) = (size)
+#endif
 #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS
   #define __Pyx_PySequence_SIZE(seq)  Py_SIZE(seq)
 #else
@@ -549,7 +562,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE void * PyThread_tss_get(Py_tss_t *key) {
   #define __Pyx_PyInt_AsHash_t   PyInt_AsSsize_t
 #endif
 #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
-  #define __Pyx_PyMethod_New(func, self, klass) ((self) ? PyMethod_New(func, self) : (Py_INCREF(func), func))
+  #define __Pyx_PyMethod_New(func, self, klass) ((self) ? ((void)(klass), PyMethod_New(func, self)) : __Pyx_NewRef(func))
 #else
   #define __Pyx_PyMethod_New(func, self, klass) PyMethod_New(func, self, klass)
 #endif
@@ -590,11 +603,10 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE float __PYX_NAN() {
 #define __Pyx_truncl truncl
 #endif
 
-
+#define __PYX_MARK_ERR_POS(f_index, lineno) \
+    { __pyx_filename = __pyx_f[f_index]; (void)__pyx_filename; __pyx_lineno = lineno; (void)__pyx_lineno; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; (void)__pyx_clineno; }
 #define __PYX_ERR(f_index, lineno, Ln_error) \
-{ \
-  __pyx_filename = __pyx_f[f_index]; __pyx_lineno = lineno; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto Ln_error; \
-}
+    { __PYX_MARK_ERR_POS(f_index, lineno) goto Ln_error; }
 
 #ifndef __PYX_EXTERN_C
   #ifdef __cplusplus
@@ -968,7 +980,7 @@ typedef struct {
 #define __Pyx_FastGilFuncInit()
 
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":776
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":775
  * # in Cython to enable them only on the right systems.
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_int8       int8_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -977,7 +989,7 @@ typedef struct {
  */
 typedef npy_int8 __pyx_t_5numpy_int8_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":777
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":776
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_int8       int8_t
  * ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -986,7 +998,7 @@ typedef npy_int8 __pyx_t_5numpy_int8_t;
  */
 typedef npy_int16 __pyx_t_5numpy_int16_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":778
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":777
  * ctypedef npy_int8       int8_t
  * ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t
  * ctypedef npy_int32      int32_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -995,7 +1007,7 @@ typedef npy_int16 __pyx_t_5numpy_int16_t;
  */
 typedef npy_int32 __pyx_t_5numpy_int32_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":779
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":778
  * ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t
  * ctypedef npy_int32      int32_t
  * ctypedef npy_int64      int64_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1004,7 +1016,7 @@ typedef npy_int32 __pyx_t_5numpy_int32_t;
  */
 typedef npy_int64 __pyx_t_5numpy_int64_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":783
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":782
  * #ctypedef npy_int128     int128_t
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_uint8      uint8_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1013,7 +1025,7 @@ typedef npy_int64 __pyx_t_5numpy_int64_t;
  */
 typedef npy_uint8 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint8_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":784
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":783
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_uint8      uint8_t
  * ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1022,7 +1034,7 @@ typedef npy_uint8 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint8_t;
  */
 typedef npy_uint16 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint16_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":785
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":784
  * ctypedef npy_uint8      uint8_t
  * ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t
  * ctypedef npy_uint32     uint32_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1031,7 +1043,7 @@ typedef npy_uint16 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint16_t;
  */
 typedef npy_uint32 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint32_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":786
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":785
  * ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t
  * ctypedef npy_uint32     uint32_t
  * ctypedef npy_uint64     uint64_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1040,7 +1052,7 @@ typedef npy_uint32 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint32_t;
  */
 typedef npy_uint64 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint64_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":790
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":789
  * #ctypedef npy_uint128    uint128_t
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_float32    float32_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1049,7 +1061,7 @@ typedef npy_uint64 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint64_t;
  */
 typedef npy_float32 __pyx_t_5numpy_float32_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":791
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":790
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_float32    float32_t
  * ctypedef npy_float64    float64_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1058,7 +1070,7 @@ typedef npy_float32 __pyx_t_5numpy_float32_t;
  */
 typedef npy_float64 __pyx_t_5numpy_float64_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":800
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":799
  * # The int types are mapped a bit surprising --
  * # numpy.int corresponds to 'l' and numpy.long to 'q'
  * ctypedef npy_long       int_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1067,7 +1079,7 @@ typedef npy_float64 __pyx_t_5numpy_float64_t;
  */
 typedef npy_long __pyx_t_5numpy_int_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":801
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":800
  * # numpy.int corresponds to 'l' and numpy.long to 'q'
  * ctypedef npy_long       int_t
  * ctypedef npy_longlong   long_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1076,7 +1088,7 @@ typedef npy_long __pyx_t_5numpy_int_t;
  */
 typedef npy_longlong __pyx_t_5numpy_long_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":802
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":801
  * ctypedef npy_long       int_t
  * ctypedef npy_longlong   long_t
  * ctypedef npy_longlong   longlong_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1085,7 +1097,7 @@ typedef npy_longlong __pyx_t_5numpy_long_t;
  */
 typedef npy_longlong __pyx_t_5numpy_longlong_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":804
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":803
  * ctypedef npy_longlong   longlong_t
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1094,7 +1106,7 @@ typedef npy_longlong __pyx_t_5numpy_longlong_t;
  */
 typedef npy_ulong __pyx_t_5numpy_uint_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":805
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":804
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t
  * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulong_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1103,7 +1115,7 @@ typedef npy_ulong __pyx_t_5numpy_uint_t;
  */
 typedef npy_ulonglong __pyx_t_5numpy_ulong_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":806
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":805
  * ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t
  * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulong_t
  * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulonglong_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1112,7 +1124,7 @@ typedef npy_ulonglong __pyx_t_5numpy_ulong_t;
  */
 typedef npy_ulonglong __pyx_t_5numpy_ulonglong_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":808
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":807
  * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulonglong_t
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_intp       intp_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1121,7 +1133,7 @@ typedef npy_ulonglong __pyx_t_5numpy_ulonglong_t;
  */
 typedef npy_intp __pyx_t_5numpy_intp_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":809
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":808
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_intp       intp_t
  * ctypedef npy_uintp      uintp_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1130,7 +1142,7 @@ typedef npy_intp __pyx_t_5numpy_intp_t;
  */
 typedef npy_uintp __pyx_t_5numpy_uintp_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":811
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":810
  * ctypedef npy_uintp      uintp_t
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_double     float_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1139,7 +1151,7 @@ typedef npy_uintp __pyx_t_5numpy_uintp_t;
  */
 typedef npy_double __pyx_t_5numpy_float_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":812
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":811
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_double     float_t
  * ctypedef npy_double     double_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1148,7 +1160,7 @@ typedef npy_double __pyx_t_5numpy_float_t;
  */
 typedef npy_double __pyx_t_5numpy_double_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":813
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":812
  * ctypedef npy_double     float_t
  * ctypedef npy_double     double_t
  * ctypedef npy_longdouble longdouble_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1191,7 +1203,7 @@ struct __pyx_MemviewEnum_obj;
 struct __pyx_memoryview_obj;
 struct __pyx_memoryviewslice_obj;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":815
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":814
  * ctypedef npy_longdouble longdouble_t
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1200,7 +1212,7 @@ struct __pyx_memoryviewslice_obj;
  */
 typedef npy_cfloat __pyx_t_5numpy_cfloat_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":816
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":815
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t
  * ctypedef npy_cdouble     cdouble_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1209,7 +1221,7 @@ typedef npy_cfloat __pyx_t_5numpy_cfloat_t;
  */
 typedef npy_cdouble __pyx_t_5numpy_cdouble_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":817
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":816
  * ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t
  * ctypedef npy_cdouble     cdouble_t
  * ctypedef npy_clongdouble clongdouble_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1218,7 +1230,7 @@ typedef npy_cdouble __pyx_t_5numpy_cdouble_t;
  */
 typedef npy_clongdouble __pyx_t_5numpy_clongdouble_t;
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":819
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":818
  * ctypedef npy_clongdouble clongdouble_t
  * 
  * ctypedef npy_cdouble     complex_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1814,7 +1826,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_ListComp_Append(PyObject* list, PyObject* x) {
     if (likely(L->allocated > len)) {
         Py_INCREF(x);
         PyList_SET_ITEM(list, len, x);
-        Py_SIZE(list) = len+1;
+        __Pyx_SET_SIZE(list, len + 1);
         return 0;
     }
     return PyList_Append(list, x);
@@ -1844,7 +1856,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyList_Append(PyObject* list, PyObject* x) {
     if (likely(L->allocated > len) & likely(len > (L->allocated >> 1))) {
         Py_INCREF(x);
         PyList_SET_ITEM(list, len, x);
-        Py_SIZE(list) = len+1;
+        __Pyx_SET_SIZE(list, len + 1);
         return 0;
     }
     return PyList_Append(list, x);
@@ -1909,6 +1921,9 @@ static PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_GenericGetAttr(PyObject* obj, PyObject* attr_nam
 /* SetVTable.proto */
 static int __Pyx_SetVtable(PyObject *dict, void *vtable);
 
+/* PyObjectGetAttrStrNoError.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStrNoError(PyObject* obj, PyObject* attr_name);
+
 /* SetupReduce.proto */
 static int __Pyx_setup_reduce(PyObject* type_obj);
 
@@ -2658,6 +2673,7 @@ static const char __pyx_k_setstate_cython[] = "__setstate_cython__";
 static const char __pyx_k_arr_memviewfloat[] = "arr_memviewfloat";
 static const char __pyx_k_execute_dijkstra[] = "_execute_dijkstra";
 static const char __pyx_k_arr_memviewdouble[] = "arr_memviewdouble";
+static const char __pyx_k_free_space_radius[] = "free_space_radius";
 static const char __pyx_k_path_from_parents[] = "path_from_parents";
 static const char __pyx_k_pyx_unpickle_Enum[] = "__pyx_unpickle_Enum";
 static const char __pyx_k_cline_in_traceback[] = "cline_in_traceback";
@@ -2802,6 +2818,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_float64;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_format;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_fortran;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_u_fortran;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_free_space_radius;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_frombuffer;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_getstate;
 static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_got_differing_extents_in_dimensi;
@@ -2920,13 +2937,13 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_se
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_2distance_field(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_4path_from_parents(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_parents, PyObject *__pyx_v_target); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_6parental_field(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source, PyObject *__pyx_v_connectivity); /* proto */
-static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_8euclidean_distance_field(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source, PyObject *__pyx_v_anisotropy); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_8euclidean_distance_field(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source, PyObject *__pyx_v_anisotropy, PyObject *__pyx_v_free_space_radius); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_10_validate_coord(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_coord); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_12_path_to_point_cloud(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_path, PyObject *__pyx_v_dims, PyObject *__pyx_v_rows, PyObject *__pyx_v_cols); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source, PyObject *__pyx_v_target, int __pyx_v_connectivity, PyObject *__pyx_v_bidirectional, PyObject *__pyx_v_compass, float __pyx_v_compass_norm); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_16_execute_distance_field(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source); /* proto */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_18_execute_parental_field(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source, PyObject *__pyx_v_connectivity); /* proto */
-static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_20_execute_euclidean_distance_field(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source, PyObject *__pyx_v_anisotropy); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_20_execute_euclidean_distance_field(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_data, PyObject *__pyx_v_source, PyObject *__pyx_v_anisotropy, float __pyx_v_free_space_radius); /* proto */
 static int __pyx_pf_7cpython_5array_5array___getbuffer__(arrayobject *__pyx_v_self, Py_buffer *__pyx_v_info, CYTHON_UNUSED int __pyx_v_flags); /* proto */
 static void __pyx_pf_7cpython_5array_5array_2__releasebuffer__(CYTHON_UNUSED arrayobject *__pyx_v_self, Py_buffer *__pyx_v_info); /* proto */
 static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, Py_buffer *__pyx_v_info, int __pyx_v_flags); /* proto */
@@ -3047,7 +3064,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_codeobj__55;
 static PyObject *__pyx_codeobj__62;
 /* Late includes */
 
-/* "dijkstra3d.pyx":83
+/* "dijkstra3d.pyx":85
  *   )
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  * def dijkstra(             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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   PyObject *__pyx_v_connectivity = 0;
   PyObject *__pyx_v_compass = 0;
   PyObject *__pyx_v_compass_norm = 0;
+  int __pyx_lineno = 0;
+  const char *__pyx_filename = NULL;
+  int __pyx_clineno = 0;
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     PyObject* values[7] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":85
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":87
  * def dijkstra(
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@@ -3084,7 +3104,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pw_10dijkstra3d_1dijkstra(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject
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     values[4] = ((PyObject *)__pyx_int_26);
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":86
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":88
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@@ -3123,13 +3143,13 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pw_10dijkstra3d_1dijkstra(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject
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         else {
-          __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid("dijkstra", 0, 3, 7, 1); __PYX_ERR(0, 83, __pyx_L3_error)
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+          __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid("dijkstra", 0, 3, 7, 2); __PYX_ERR(0, 85, __pyx_L3_error)
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@@ -3157,7 +3177,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pw_10dijkstra3d_1dijkstra(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject
         }
       }
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+        if (unlikely(__Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_pyargnames, 0, values, pos_args, "dijkstra") < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 85, __pyx_L3_error)
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   }
   goto __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done;
   __pyx_L5_argtuple_error:;
-  __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid("dijkstra", 0, 3, 7, PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args)); __PYX_ERR(0, 83, __pyx_L3_error)
+  __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid("dijkstra", 0, 3, 7, PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args)); __PYX_ERR(0, 85, __pyx_L3_error)
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@@ -3194,7 +3214,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pw_10dijkstra3d_1dijkstra(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":83
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":85
  *   )
  * 
  * def dijkstra(             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -3226,29 +3246,32 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_se
   size_t __pyx_t_9;
   PyObject *__pyx_t_10 = NULL;
   PyObject *__pyx_t_11 = NULL;
+  int __pyx_lineno = 0;
+  const char *__pyx_filename = NULL;
+  int __pyx_clineno = 0;
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   __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_data);
   __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_source);
   __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_target);
   __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_connectivity);
 
-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":125
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":127
  *     source to target including source and target.
  *   """
  *   dims = len(data.shape)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   if dims not in (2,3):
  *     raise DimensionError("Only 2D and 3D image sources are supported. Got: " + str(dims))
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-  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_v_data, __pyx_n_s_shape); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 125, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_v_data, __pyx_n_s_shape); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 127, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
-  __pyx_t_2 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_t_1); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_2 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 125, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_t_1); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_2 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 127, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyInt_FromSsize_t(__pyx_t_2); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 125, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyInt_FromSsize_t(__pyx_t_2); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 127, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":126
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":128
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  *   if dims not in (2,3):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -3257,18 +3280,18 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_se
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   __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_v_dims;
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-  __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_t_4); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 126, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  __pyx_t_4 = __Pyx_PyInt_NeObjC(__pyx_t_1, __pyx_int_3, 3, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 126, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_4 = __Pyx_PyInt_NeObjC(__pyx_t_1, __pyx_int_3, 3, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 128, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_t_4); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 126, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_t_4); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 128, __pyx_L1_error)
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@@ -3276,18 +3299,18 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_se
   __pyx_t_5 = (__pyx_t_3 != 0);
   if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5)) {
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":127
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":129
  *   dims = len(data.shape)
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  *     raise DimensionError("Only 2D and 3D image sources are supported. Got: " + str(dims))             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-    __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_t_4, __pyx_n_s_DimensionError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 127, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_t_4, __pyx_n_s_DimensionError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 129, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    __pyx_t_6 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(((PyObject *)(&PyUnicode_Type)), __pyx_v_dims); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_6)) __PYX_ERR(0, 127, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_6 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(((PyObject *)(&PyUnicode_Type)), __pyx_v_dims); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_6)) __PYX_ERR(0, 129, __pyx_L1_error)
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+    __pyx_t_7 = __Pyx_PyUnicode_Concat(__pyx_kp_u_Only_2D_and_3D_image_sources_are, __pyx_t_6); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_7)) __PYX_ERR(0, 129, __pyx_L1_error)
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@@ -3303,14 +3326,14 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_se
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-    if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 127, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    __PYX_ERR(0, 127, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 129, __pyx_L1_error)
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":126
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":128
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  *   if dims not in (2,3):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -3319,33 +3342,33 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_se
  */
   }
 
-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":129
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":131
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  * 
  *   if dims == 2:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyInt_EqObjC(__pyx_v_dims, __pyx_int_2, 2, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 129, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyInt_EqObjC(__pyx_v_dims, __pyx_int_2, 2, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 131, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_t_1); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 129, __pyx_L1_error)
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   if (__pyx_t_5) {
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":130
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-    __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyInt_EqObjC(__pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_int_4, 4, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 130, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyInt_EqObjC(__pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_int_4, 4, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 132, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_t_1); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_5 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 130, __pyx_L1_error)
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-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":131
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@@ -3355,7 +3378,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_se
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-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":132
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  * 
- * def euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy=(1,1,1)):
+ * def euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy=(1,1,1), free_space_radius=0):
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 }
 
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 /* Python wrapper */
 static PyObject *__pyx_pw_10dijkstra3d_9euclidean_distance_field(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds); /*proto*/
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+static char __pyx_doc_10dijkstra3d_8euclidean_distance_field[] = "\n  Use dijkstra's shortest path algorithm\n  on a 3D image grid to generate a weighted \n  euclidean distance field from a source voxel \n  from a binary image. Vertices are \n  voxels and edges are the 26 nearest neighbors \n  (except for the edges of the image where \n  the number of edges is reduced).\n  \n  For given input voxels A and B, the edge\n  weight from A to B is B and from B to A is\n  A. All weights must be non-negative (incl. \n  negative zero).\n  \n  Parameters:\n   data: Input weights in a 2D or 3D numpy array. \n   source: (x,y,z) coordinate of starting voxel\n   anisotropy: (wx,wy,wz) weights for each axial direction.\n   free_space_radius: (float, optional) if you know that the \n    region surrounding the source is free space, we can use\n    a much faster algorithm to fill in that volume. Value\n    is physical radius (can get this from the EDT). \n  \n  Returns: 2D or 3D numpy array with each index\n    containing its distance from the source voxel.\n  ";
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           PyObject* value = __Pyx_PyDict_GetItemStr(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_anisotropy);
           if (value) { values[2] = value; kw_args--; }
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       if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":425
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+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<float,uint64_t>((&(*((float *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":423
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":429
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8259,7 +8230,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L6;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":431
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":437
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[float, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8268,46 +8239,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":432
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":438
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[float, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memviewfloat[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_20 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_21 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_22 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_20 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_20 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_20 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_20 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_21 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_21 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_21 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
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-        if (__pyx_t_22 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_22 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[2];
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_22 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 432, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 438, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":431
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":437
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[float, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memviewfloat[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<float,uint32_t>((&(*((float *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.data + __pyx_t_20 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_21 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_22 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<float,uint32_t>((&(*((float *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
       }
       __pyx_L6:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":422
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":428
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8317,7 +8288,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L4;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":438
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":444
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8325,47 +8296,47 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  *           &arr_memviewfloat[0,0,0],
  */
     /*else*/ {
-      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 438, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 444, __pyx_L1_error)
       if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":440
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":446
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[float, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memviewfloat[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_23 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_24 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_25 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_23 < 0) {
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-        if (__pyx_t_24 < 0) {
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_24 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_25 < 0) {
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_25 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
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+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
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+          __PYX_ERR(0, 446, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":439
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":445
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[float, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memviewfloat[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<float,uint64_t>((&(*((float *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.data + __pyx_t_23 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_24 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_25 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<float,uint64_t>((&(*((float *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":438
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":444
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8375,7 +8346,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L7;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":445
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":451
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[float, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8384,48 +8355,48 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":446
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":452
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[float, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memviewfloat[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_26 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_27 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_28 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
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-        if (__pyx_t_26 < 0) {
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-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":445
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":451
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[float, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memviewfloat[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<float,uint32_t>((&(*((float *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.data + __pyx_t_26 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_27 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_28 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<float,uint32_t>((&(*((float *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewfloat.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
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-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":407
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":413
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@@ -8435,94 +8406,94 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
     goto __pyx_L3;
   }
 
-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":450
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":456
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  *         )
  *   elif dtype == np.float64:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_t_5); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 450, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":451
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-    __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble = __pyx_t_29;
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-    __pyx_t_29.data = NULL;
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-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":452
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":458
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-    __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_bidirectional); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 452, __pyx_L1_error)
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     if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":453
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":459
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  *     if bidirectional:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],
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-      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 453, __pyx_L1_error)
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       if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":455
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":461
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = bidirectional_dijkstra3d[double, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
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-        __pyx_t_31 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_32 = 0;
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_31 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_32 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
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+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 455, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 461, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":454
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":460
  *     if bidirectional:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = bidirectional_dijkstra3d[double, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<double,uint64_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_30 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_31 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_32 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<double,uint64_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":453
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":459
  *     arr_memviewdouble = data
  *     if bidirectional:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8532,7 +8503,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L9;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":460
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":466
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = bidirectional_dijkstra3d[double, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8541,46 +8512,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":461
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":467
  *       else:
  *         output32 = bidirectional_dijkstra3d[double, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_33 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_34 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_35 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_33 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_33 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_33 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_33 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_34 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_34 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_34 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_34 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_35 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_35 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_35 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_35 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 461, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 467, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":460
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":466
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = bidirectional_dijkstra3d[double, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<double,uint32_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_33 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_34 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_35 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<double,uint32_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
       }
       __pyx_L9:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":452
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":458
  *   elif dtype == np.float64:
  *     arr_memviewdouble = data
  *     if bidirectional:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8590,64 +8561,64 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L8;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":465
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":471
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[double, uint64_t](
  */
-    __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_compass); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 465, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_compass); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 471, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":466
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":472
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[double, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],
  */
-      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 466, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 472, __pyx_L1_error)
       if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":468
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":474
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[double, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_36 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_37 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_38 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_36 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_36 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_36 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_36 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_37 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_37 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_37 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_37 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_38 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_38 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_38 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_38 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 468, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 474, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":467
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":473
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[double, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<double,uint64_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_36 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_37 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_38 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<double,uint64_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":466
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":472
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8657,7 +8628,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L10;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":474
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":480
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[double, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8666,46 +8637,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":475
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":481
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[double, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_39 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_40 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_41 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_39 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_39 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_39 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_39 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_40 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_40 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_40 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_40 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_41 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_41 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_41 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_41 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 475, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 481, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":474
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":480
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[double, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<double,uint32_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_39 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_40 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_41 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<double,uint32_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
       }
       __pyx_L10:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":465
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":471
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8715,7 +8686,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L8;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":481
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":487
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -8723,47 +8694,47 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],
  */
     /*else*/ {
-      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 481, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 487, __pyx_L1_error)
       if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":483
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":489
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[double, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memviewdouble[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_42 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_43 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_44 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_42 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_42 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_42 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_42 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_43 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_43 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_43 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_43 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_44 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_44 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_44 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_44 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 483, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 489, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":482
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":488
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
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+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<double,uint64_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":481
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@@ -8773,7 +8744,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
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-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":488
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@@ -8782,48 +8753,48 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
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  *           src, sink, connectivity
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-        __pyx_t_46 = 0;
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@@ -8842,47 +8813,47 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
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-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":494
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+    __pyx_t_7 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_v_data, __pyx_n_s_astype); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_7)) __PYX_ERR(0, 500, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_t_4, __pyx_n_s_np); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 494, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_t_4, __pyx_n_s_np); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 500, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_t_4, __pyx_n_s_uint64); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 494, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_t_4, __pyx_n_s_uint64); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 500, __pyx_L1_error)
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@@ -8898,73 +8869,73 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
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-    __pyx_t_49.data = NULL;
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-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":495
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":501
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-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":496
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-      if (__pyx_t_48) {
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-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":498
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  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_50 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_51 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_52 = 0;
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-        if (__pyx_t_50 < 0) {
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         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":497
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":503
  *     if bidirectional:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = bidirectional_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_50 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_51 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_52 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":496
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":502
  *     arr_memview64 = data.astype(np.uint64)
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@@ -8974,7 +8945,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L15;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":503
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":509
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@@ -8983,46 +8954,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":504
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":510
  *       else:
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  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
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-        __pyx_t_54 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_55 = 0;
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         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_53 < 0) {
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-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_53 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_53 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
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-          __pyx_t_54 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
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-        if (__pyx_t_55 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_55 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_55 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_55 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 504, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 510, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":503
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":509
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = bidirectional_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_53 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_54 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_55 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
       }
       __pyx_L15:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":495
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":501
  *   elif dtype in (np.int64, np.uint64):
  *     arr_memview64 = data.astype(np.uint64)
  *     if bidirectional:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9032,64 +9003,64 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L14;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":508
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":514
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint64_t](
  */
-    __pyx_t_48 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_compass); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_48 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 508, __pyx_L1_error)
-    if (__pyx_t_48) {
+    __pyx_t_15 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_compass); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_15 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 514, __pyx_L1_error)
+    if (__pyx_t_15) {
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":509
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":515
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],
  */
-      __pyx_t_48 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_48 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 509, __pyx_L1_error)
-      if (__pyx_t_48) {
+      __pyx_t_15 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_15 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 515, __pyx_L1_error)
+      if (__pyx_t_15) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":511
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":517
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_56 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_57 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_58 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_56 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_56 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_56 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_56 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_57 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_57 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_57 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_57 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_58 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_58 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_58 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_58 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 511, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 517, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":510
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":516
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_56 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_57 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_58 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":509
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":515
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9099,7 +9070,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L16;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":517
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":523
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9108,46 +9079,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":518
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":524
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_59 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_60 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_61 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_59 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_59 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_59 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_59 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_60 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_60 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_60 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_60 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_61 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_61 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_61 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_61 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 518, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 524, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":517
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":523
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_59 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_60 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_61 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
       }
       __pyx_L16:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":508
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":514
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9157,7 +9128,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L14;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":524
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":530
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9165,47 +9136,47 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],
  */
     /*else*/ {
-      __pyx_t_48 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_48 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 524, __pyx_L1_error)
-      if (__pyx_t_48) {
+      __pyx_t_15 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_15 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 530, __pyx_L1_error)
+      if (__pyx_t_15) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":526
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":532
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_62 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_63 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_64 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_62 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_62 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_62 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_62 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_63 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_63 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_63 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_63 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_64 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_64 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_64 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_64 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 526, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 532, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":525
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":531
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_62 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_63 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_64 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint64_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":524
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":530
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9215,7 +9186,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L17;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":531
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":537
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9224,48 +9195,48 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":532
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":538
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint64_t, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memview64[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_65 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_66 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_67 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_65 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_65 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_65 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_65 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_66 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_66 += __pyx_v_arr_memview64.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_66 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
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  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<uint32_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint32_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview32.data + __pyx_t_72 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_73 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_74 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<uint32_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint32_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview32.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
       }
       __pyx_L21:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":538
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":544
  *   elif dtype in (np.int32, np.uint32):
  *     arr_memview32 = data.astype(np.uint32)
  *     if bidirectional:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9474,64 +9445,64 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L20;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":551
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":557
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint64_t](
  */
-    __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_compass); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 551, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_compass); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 557, __pyx_L1_error)
     if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":552
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":558
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],
  */
-      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 552, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 558, __pyx_L1_error)
       if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":554
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":560
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_75 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_76 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_77 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_75 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_75 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_75 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_75 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_76 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_76 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_76 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_76 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_77 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_77 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_77 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_77 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 554, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 560, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":553
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":559
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint32_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint32_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview32.data + __pyx_t_75 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_76 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_77 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint32_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint32_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview32.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":552
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":558
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9541,7 +9512,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L22;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":560
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":566
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9550,46 +9521,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":561
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":567
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_78 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_79 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_80 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_78 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_78 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_78 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_78 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_79 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_79 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_79 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_79 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_80 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_80 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_80 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_80 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 561, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 567, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":560
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":566
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint32_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint32_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview32.data + __pyx_t_78 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_79 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_80 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint32_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint32_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview32.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
       }
       __pyx_L22:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":551
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":557
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9599,7 +9570,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L20;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":567
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":573
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9607,47 +9578,47 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],
  */
     /*else*/ {
-      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 567, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 573, __pyx_L1_error)
       if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":569
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":575
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_81 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_82 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_83 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_81 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_81 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_81 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_81 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_82 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_82 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_82 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_82 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_83 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_83 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_83 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_83 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 569, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 575, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":568
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":574
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint32_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint32_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview32.data + __pyx_t_81 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_82 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_83 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint32_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint32_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview32.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview32.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":567
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":573
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9657,7 +9628,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L23;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":574
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":580
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9666,48 +9637,48 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":575
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":581
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_84 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_85 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_86 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_84 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_84 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_84 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_84 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_85 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_85 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_85 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_85 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_86 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_86 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_86 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_86 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview32.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 575, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 581, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":574
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":580
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint32_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview32[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":579
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+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":582
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@@ -9858,7 +9829,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
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-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":589
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@@ -9867,46 +9838,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
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-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":590
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  */
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-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":589
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+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::bidirectional_dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
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-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":581
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@@ -9916,64 +9887,64 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
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-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":594
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-      if (__pyx_t_48) {
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+      if (__pyx_t_15) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":597
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":603
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_94 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_95 = 0;
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+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
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+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
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+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 597, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 603, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":596
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":602
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_94 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_95 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_96 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":595
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":601
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9983,7 +9954,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L28;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":603
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":609
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -9992,46 +9963,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":604
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":610
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_97 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_98 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_99 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_97 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_97 += __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_97 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_97 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_98 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_98 += __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[1];
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_99 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 604, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 610, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":603
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":609
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_97 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_98 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_99 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
       }
       __pyx_L28:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":594
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":600
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10041,7 +10012,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L26;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":610
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":616
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10049,47 +10020,47 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],
  */
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-      if (__pyx_t_48) {
+      __pyx_t_15 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_15 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 616, __pyx_L1_error)
+      if (__pyx_t_15) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":612
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":618
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_100 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_101 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_102 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
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         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_100 < 0) {
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-        if (__pyx_t_102 < 0) {
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_102 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview16.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
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+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
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+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
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         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 612, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 618, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":611
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":617
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_100 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_101 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_102 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":610
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":616
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10099,7 +10070,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L29;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":617
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":623
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10108,48 +10079,48 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":618
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":624
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
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-        __pyx_t_104 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_105 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
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         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
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         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
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         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":617
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":623
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint16_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview16[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_103 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_104 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_105 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint16_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint16_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview16.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview16.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
       }
       __pyx_L29:;
     }
     __pyx_L26:;
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":579
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":585
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  *         )
  *   elif dtype in (np.int16, np.uint16):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10159,7 +10130,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
     goto __pyx_L3;
   }
 
-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":622
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":628
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *   elif dtype in (np.int8, np.uint8, np.bool):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10168,61 +10139,61 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
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@@ -10372,64 +10343,64 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
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+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1];
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+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 640, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 646, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":639
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":645
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview8[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint8_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint8_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview8.data + __pyx_t_113 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_114 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_115 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint8_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint8_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview8.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":638
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":644
  *         )
  *     elif compass:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10439,7 +10410,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L35;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":646
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":652
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10448,46 +10419,46 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":647
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":653
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memview8[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink,
  */
-        __pyx_t_116 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_117 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_118 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_116 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_116 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_116 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_116 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_117 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_117 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1];
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_118 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 647, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 653, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":646
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":652
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = compass_guided_dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview8[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint8_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint8_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview8.data + __pyx_t_116 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_117 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_118 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::compass_guided_dijkstra3d<uint8_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint8_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview8.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity, __pyx_v_compass_norm));
       }
       __pyx_L35:;
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":637
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":643
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *     elif compass:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10497,7 +10468,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
       goto __pyx_L33;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":653
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":659
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10505,47 +10476,47 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  *           &arr_memview8[0,0,0],
  */
     /*else*/ {
-      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 653, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 659, __pyx_L1_error)
       if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":655
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":661
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint64_t](
  *           &arr_memview8[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_119 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_120 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_121 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_119 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_119 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0];
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_121 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1];
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+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 655, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 661, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":654
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":660
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:
  *         output64 = dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview8[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint8_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint8_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview8.data + __pyx_t_119 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_120 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_121 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output64 = ((std::vector<uint64_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint8_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint8_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview8.data + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":653
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":659
  *         )
  *     else:
  *       if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10555,7 +10526,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
         goto __pyx_L36;
       }
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":660
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":666
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10564,48 +10535,48 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
       /*else*/ {
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":661
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":667
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint32_t](
  *           &arr_memview8[0,0,0],             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  */
-        __pyx_t_122 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_123 = 0;
-        __pyx_t_124 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_12 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_10 = 0;
         __pyx_t_13 = -1;
-        if (__pyx_t_122 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_122 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_122 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_122 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
-        if (__pyx_t_123 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_123 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1];
-          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_123 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_123 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
-        if (__pyx_t_124 < 0) {
-          __pyx_t_124 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2];
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-        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_124 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        if (__pyx_t_12 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_12 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_12 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[0])) __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        if (__pyx_t_11 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_11 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_11 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[1])) __pyx_t_13 = 1;
+        if (__pyx_t_10 < 0) {
+          __pyx_t_10 += __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2];
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 < 0)) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
+        } else if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 >= __pyx_v_arr_memview8.shape[2])) __pyx_t_13 = 2;
         if (unlikely(__pyx_t_13 != -1)) {
           __Pyx_RaiseBufferIndexError(__pyx_t_13);
-          __PYX_ERR(0, 661, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 667, __pyx_L1_error)
         }
 
-        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":660
+        /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":666
  *         )
  *       else:
  *         output32 = dijkstra3d[uint8_t, uint32_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *           &arr_memview8[0,0,0],
  *           sx, sy, sz,
  */
-        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint8_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint8_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview8.data + __pyx_t_122 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_123 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_124 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
+        __pyx_v_output32 = ((std::vector<uint32_t> )dijkstra::dijkstra3d<uint8_t,uint32_t>((&(*((uint8_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview8.data + __pyx_t_12 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_11 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_10 * __pyx_v_arr_memview8.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, __pyx_v_sink, __pyx_v_connectivity));
       }
       __pyx_L36:;
     }
     __pyx_L33:;
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":622
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":628
  *           src, sink, connectivity
  *         )
  *   elif dtype in (np.int8, np.uint8, np.bool):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10615,17 +10586,17 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
   }
   __pyx_L3:;
 
-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":672
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":678
  *   cdef uint64_t[:] vec_view64
  * 
  *   if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     output_ptr64 = <uint64_t*>&output64[0]
  *     vec_view64 = <uint64_t[:output64.size()]>output_ptr64
  */
-  __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 672, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_sixtyfourbit); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_8 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 678, __pyx_L1_error)
   if (__pyx_t_8) {
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":673
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":679
  * 
  *   if sixtyfourbit:
  *     output_ptr64 = <uint64_t*>&output64[0]             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10634,7 +10605,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
     __pyx_v_output_ptr64 = ((uint64_t *)(&(__pyx_v_output64[0])));
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":674
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":680
  *   if sixtyfourbit:
  *     output_ptr64 = <uint64_t*>&output64[0]
  *     vec_view64 = <uint64_t[:output64.size()]>output_ptr64             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -10643,66 +10614,65 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_14_execute_dijkstra(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObjec
  */
     if (!__pyx_v_output_ptr64) {
       PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,"Cannot create cython.array from NULL pointer");
-      __PYX_ERR(0, 674, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __PYX_ERR(0, 680, __pyx_L1_error)
     }
-    __pyx_t_7 = __pyx_format_from_typeinfo(&__Pyx_TypeInfo_nn_uint64_t);
-    __pyx_t_5 = Py_BuildValue((char*) "("  __PYX_BUILD_PY_SSIZE_T  ")", ((Py_ssize_t)__pyx_v_output64.size()));
-    if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_7 || !__pyx_t_5 || !PyBytes_AsString(__pyx_t_7))) __PYX_ERR(0, 674, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_7 = __pyx_format_from_typeinfo(&__Pyx_TypeInfo_nn_uint64_t); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_7)) __PYX_ERR(0, 680, __pyx_L1_error)
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-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":805
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-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":807
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-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":810
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":816
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+      __pyx_t_10 = __Pyx_PyInt_As_int(__pyx_v_connectivity); if (unlikely((__pyx_t_10 == (int)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 816, __pyx_L1_error)
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":806
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":812
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  *       parental_field3d[double,uint64_t](             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-      (void)(dijkstra::parental_field3d<double,uint64_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_29 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_30 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_31 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, (&(*__Pyx_BufPtrStrided3d(uint64_t *, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.rcbuffer->pybuffer.buf, __pyx_t_32, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[0].strides, __pyx_t_33, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[1].strides, __pyx_t_34, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[2].strides))), __pyx_t_10));
+      (void)(dijkstra::parental_field3d<double,uint64_t>((&(*((double *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.data + __pyx_t_16 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_17 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_18 * __pyx_v_arr_memviewdouble.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, (&(*__Pyx_BufPtrStrided3d(uint64_t *, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.rcbuffer->pybuffer.buf, __pyx_t_19, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[0].strides, __pyx_t_20, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[1].strides, __pyx_t_21, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[2].strides))), __pyx_t_10));
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":805
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":811
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  *     if sixtyfourbit:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -12820,7 +12719,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_18_execute_parental_field(CYTHON_UNUSED P
       goto __pyx_L6;
     }
 
-    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":813
+    /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":819
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@@ -12829,83 +12728,83 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_10dijkstra3d_18_execute_parental_field(CYTHON_UNUSED P
  */
     /*else*/ {
 
-      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":814
+      /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":820
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+      (void)(dijkstra::parental_field3d<uint64_t,uint64_t>((&(*((uint64_t *) ( /* dim=2 */ (( /* dim=1 */ (( /* dim=0 */ (__pyx_v_arr_memview64.data + __pyx_t_16 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[0]) ) + __pyx_t_17 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[1]) ) + __pyx_t_18 * __pyx_v_arr_memview64.strides[2]) )))), __pyx_v_sx, __pyx_v_sy, __pyx_v_sz, __pyx_v_src, (&(*__Pyx_BufPtrStrided3d(uint64_t *, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.rcbuffer->pybuffer.buf, __pyx_t_19, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[0].strides, __pyx_t_20, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[1].strides, __pyx_t_21, __pyx_pybuffernd_parents64.diminfo[2].strides))), __pyx_t_10));
 
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  */
   }
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":274
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":274
  *                 raise ValueError(u"ndarray is not C contiguous")
  * 
  *             if ((flags & pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS == pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15458,7 +15399,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     goto __pyx_L7_bool_binop_done;
   }
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":275
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":275
  * 
  *             if ((flags & pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS == pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS)
  *                 and not PyArray_CHKFLAGS(self, NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS)):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15469,7 +15410,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_t_2;
   __pyx_L7_bool_binop_done:;
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":274
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":274
  *                 raise ValueError(u"ndarray is not C contiguous")
  * 
  *             if ((flags & pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS == pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15478,7 +15419,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   if (unlikely(__pyx_t_1)) {
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":276
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":276
  *             if ((flags & pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS == pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS)
  *                 and not PyArray_CHKFLAGS(self, NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS)):
  *                 raise ValueError(u"ndarray is not Fortran contiguous")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15491,7 +15432,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
     __PYX_ERR(2, 276, __pyx_L1_error)
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":274
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":274
  *                 raise ValueError(u"ndarray is not C contiguous")
  * 
  *             if ((flags & pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS == pybuf.PyBUF_F_CONTIGUOUS)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15500,7 +15441,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   }
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":278
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":278
  *                 raise ValueError(u"ndarray is not Fortran contiguous")
  * 
  *             info.buf = PyArray_DATA(self)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15509,7 +15450,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   __pyx_v_info->buf = PyArray_DATA(__pyx_v_self);
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":279
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":279
  * 
  *             info.buf = PyArray_DATA(self)
  *             info.ndim = ndim             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15518,7 +15459,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   __pyx_v_info->ndim = __pyx_v_ndim;
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":280
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":280
  *             info.buf = PyArray_DATA(self)
  *             info.ndim = ndim
  *             if sizeof(npy_intp) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15528,7 +15469,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   __pyx_t_1 = (((sizeof(npy_intp)) != (sizeof(Py_ssize_t))) != 0);
   if (__pyx_t_1) {
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":283
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":283
  *                 # Allocate new buffer for strides and shape info.
  *                 # This is allocated as one block, strides first.
  *                 info.strides = <Py_ssize_t*>PyObject_Malloc(sizeof(Py_ssize_t) * 2 * <size_t>ndim)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15537,7 +15478,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
     __pyx_v_info->strides = ((Py_ssize_t *)PyObject_Malloc((((sizeof(Py_ssize_t)) * 2) * ((size_t)__pyx_v_ndim))));
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":284
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":284
  *                 # This is allocated as one block, strides first.
  *                 info.strides = <Py_ssize_t*>PyObject_Malloc(sizeof(Py_ssize_t) * 2 * <size_t>ndim)
  *                 info.shape = info.strides + ndim             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15546,7 +15487,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
     __pyx_v_info->shape = (__pyx_v_info->strides + __pyx_v_ndim);
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":285
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":285
  *                 info.strides = <Py_ssize_t*>PyObject_Malloc(sizeof(Py_ssize_t) * 2 * <size_t>ndim)
  *                 info.shape = info.strides + ndim
  *                 for i in range(ndim):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15558,7 +15499,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     for (__pyx_t_6 = 0; __pyx_t_6 < __pyx_t_5; __pyx_t_6+=1) {
       __pyx_v_i = __pyx_t_6;
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":286
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":286
  *                 info.shape = info.strides + ndim
  *                 for i in range(ndim):
  *                     info.strides[i] = PyArray_STRIDES(self)[i]             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15567,7 +15508,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
       (__pyx_v_info->strides[__pyx_v_i]) = (PyArray_STRIDES(__pyx_v_self)[__pyx_v_i]);
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":287
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":287
  *                 for i in range(ndim):
  *                     info.strides[i] = PyArray_STRIDES(self)[i]
  *                     info.shape[i] = PyArray_DIMS(self)[i]             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15577,7 +15518,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       (__pyx_v_info->shape[__pyx_v_i]) = (PyArray_DIMS(__pyx_v_self)[__pyx_v_i]);
     }
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":280
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":280
  *             info.buf = PyArray_DATA(self)
  *             info.ndim = ndim
  *             if sizeof(npy_intp) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15587,7 +15528,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     goto __pyx_L9;
   }
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":289
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":289
  *                     info.shape[i] = PyArray_DIMS(self)[i]
  *             else:
  *                 info.strides = <Py_ssize_t*>PyArray_STRIDES(self)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15597,7 +15538,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   /*else*/ {
     __pyx_v_info->strides = ((Py_ssize_t *)PyArray_STRIDES(__pyx_v_self));
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":290
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":290
  *             else:
  *                 info.strides = <Py_ssize_t*>PyArray_STRIDES(self)
  *                 info.shape = <Py_ssize_t*>PyArray_DIMS(self)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15608,7 +15549,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   }
   __pyx_L9:;
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":291
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":291
  *                 info.strides = <Py_ssize_t*>PyArray_STRIDES(self)
  *                 info.shape = <Py_ssize_t*>PyArray_DIMS(self)
  *             info.suboffsets = NULL             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15617,7 +15558,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   __pyx_v_info->suboffsets = NULL;
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":292
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":292
  *                 info.shape = <Py_ssize_t*>PyArray_DIMS(self)
  *             info.suboffsets = NULL
  *             info.itemsize = PyArray_ITEMSIZE(self)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15626,7 +15567,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   __pyx_v_info->itemsize = PyArray_ITEMSIZE(__pyx_v_self);
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":293
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":293
  *             info.suboffsets = NULL
  *             info.itemsize = PyArray_ITEMSIZE(self)
  *             info.readonly = not PyArray_ISWRITEABLE(self)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15635,7 +15576,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   __pyx_v_info->readonly = (!(PyArray_ISWRITEABLE(__pyx_v_self) != 0));
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":296
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":296
  * 
  *             cdef int t
  *             cdef char* f = NULL             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15644,7 +15585,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   __pyx_v_f = NULL;
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":297
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":297
  *             cdef int t
  *             cdef char* f = NULL
  *             cdef dtype descr = <dtype>PyArray_DESCR(self)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15657,7 +15598,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   __pyx_v_descr = ((PyArray_Descr *)__pyx_t_3);
   __pyx_t_3 = 0;
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":300
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":300
  *             cdef int offset
  * 
  *             info.obj = self             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15670,7 +15611,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_v_info->obj);
   __pyx_v_info->obj = ((PyObject *)__pyx_v_self);
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":302
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":302
  *             info.obj = self
  * 
  *             if not PyDataType_HASFIELDS(descr):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15680,7 +15621,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   __pyx_t_1 = ((!(PyDataType_HASFIELDS(__pyx_v_descr) != 0)) != 0);
   if (__pyx_t_1) {
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":303
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":303
  * 
  *             if not PyDataType_HASFIELDS(descr):
  *                 t = descr.type_num             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15690,7 +15631,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     __pyx_t_4 = __pyx_v_descr->type_num;
     __pyx_v_t = __pyx_t_4;
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":304
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":304
  *             if not PyDataType_HASFIELDS(descr):
  *                 t = descr.type_num
  *                 if ((descr.byteorder == c'>' and little_endian) or             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15710,7 +15651,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     }
     __pyx_L15_next_or:;
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":305
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":305
  *                 t = descr.type_num
  *                 if ((descr.byteorder == c'>' and little_endian) or
  *                     (descr.byteorder == c'<' and not little_endian)):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15727,7 +15668,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_t_2;
     __pyx_L14_bool_binop_done:;
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":304
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":304
  *             if not PyDataType_HASFIELDS(descr):
  *                 t = descr.type_num
  *                 if ((descr.byteorder == c'>' and little_endian) or             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15736,7 +15677,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
     if (unlikely(__pyx_t_1)) {
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":306
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":306
  *                 if ((descr.byteorder == c'>' and little_endian) or
  *                     (descr.byteorder == c'<' and not little_endian)):
  *                     raise ValueError(u"Non-native byte order not supported")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15749,7 +15690,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
       __PYX_ERR(2, 306, __pyx_L1_error)
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":304
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":304
  *             if not PyDataType_HASFIELDS(descr):
  *                 t = descr.type_num
  *                 if ((descr.byteorder == c'>' and little_endian) or             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15758,7 +15699,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
     }
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":307
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":307
  *                     (descr.byteorder == c'<' and not little_endian)):
  *                     raise ValueError(u"Non-native byte order not supported")
  *                 if   t == NPY_BYTE:        f = "b"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15771,7 +15712,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_UBYTE:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":308
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":308
  *                     raise ValueError(u"Non-native byte order not supported")
  *                 if   t == NPY_BYTE:        f = "b"
  *                 elif t == NPY_UBYTE:       f = "B"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15782,7 +15723,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_SHORT:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":309
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":309
  *                 if   t == NPY_BYTE:        f = "b"
  *                 elif t == NPY_UBYTE:       f = "B"
  *                 elif t == NPY_SHORT:       f = "h"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15793,7 +15734,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_USHORT:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":310
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":310
  *                 elif t == NPY_UBYTE:       f = "B"
  *                 elif t == NPY_SHORT:       f = "h"
  *                 elif t == NPY_USHORT:      f = "H"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15804,7 +15745,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_INT:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":311
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":311
  *                 elif t == NPY_SHORT:       f = "h"
  *                 elif t == NPY_USHORT:      f = "H"
  *                 elif t == NPY_INT:         f = "i"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15815,7 +15756,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_UINT:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":312
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":312
  *                 elif t == NPY_USHORT:      f = "H"
  *                 elif t == NPY_INT:         f = "i"
  *                 elif t == NPY_UINT:        f = "I"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15826,7 +15767,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_LONG:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":313
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":313
  *                 elif t == NPY_INT:         f = "i"
  *                 elif t == NPY_UINT:        f = "I"
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONG:        f = "l"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15837,7 +15778,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_ULONG:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":314
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":314
  *                 elif t == NPY_UINT:        f = "I"
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONG:        f = "l"
  *                 elif t == NPY_ULONG:       f = "L"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15848,7 +15789,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_LONGLONG:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":315
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":315
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONG:        f = "l"
  *                 elif t == NPY_ULONG:       f = "L"
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONGLONG:    f = "q"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15859,7 +15800,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_ULONGLONG:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":316
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":316
  *                 elif t == NPY_ULONG:       f = "L"
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONGLONG:    f = "q"
  *                 elif t == NPY_ULONGLONG:   f = "Q"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15870,7 +15811,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_FLOAT:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":317
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":317
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONGLONG:    f = "q"
  *                 elif t == NPY_ULONGLONG:   f = "Q"
  *                 elif t == NPY_FLOAT:       f = "f"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15881,7 +15822,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_DOUBLE:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":318
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":318
  *                 elif t == NPY_ULONGLONG:   f = "Q"
  *                 elif t == NPY_FLOAT:       f = "f"
  *                 elif t == NPY_DOUBLE:      f = "d"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15892,7 +15833,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_LONGDOUBLE:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":319
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":319
  *                 elif t == NPY_FLOAT:       f = "f"
  *                 elif t == NPY_DOUBLE:      f = "d"
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONGDOUBLE:  f = "g"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15903,7 +15844,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_CFLOAT:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":320
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":320
  *                 elif t == NPY_DOUBLE:      f = "d"
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONGDOUBLE:  f = "g"
  *                 elif t == NPY_CFLOAT:      f = "Zf"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15914,7 +15855,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_CDOUBLE:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":321
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":321
  *                 elif t == NPY_LONGDOUBLE:  f = "g"
  *                 elif t == NPY_CFLOAT:      f = "Zf"
  *                 elif t == NPY_CDOUBLE:     f = "Zd"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15925,7 +15866,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_CLONGDOUBLE:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":322
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":322
  *                 elif t == NPY_CFLOAT:      f = "Zf"
  *                 elif t == NPY_CDOUBLE:     f = "Zd"
  *                 elif t == NPY_CLONGDOUBLE: f = "Zg"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15936,7 +15877,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       case NPY_OBJECT:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":323
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":323
  *                 elif t == NPY_CDOUBLE:     f = "Zd"
  *                 elif t == NPY_CLONGDOUBLE: f = "Zg"
  *                 elif t == NPY_OBJECT:      f = "O"             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15947,7 +15888,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
       default:
 
-      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":325
+      /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":325
  *                 elif t == NPY_OBJECT:      f = "O"
  *                 else:
  *                     raise ValueError(u"unknown dtype code in numpy.pxd (%d)" % t)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15968,7 +15909,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
       break;
     }
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":326
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":326
  *                 else:
  *                     raise ValueError(u"unknown dtype code in numpy.pxd (%d)" % t)
  *                 info.format = f             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15977,7 +15918,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
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     __pyx_v_info->format = __pyx_v_f;
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":327
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":327
  *                     raise ValueError(u"unknown dtype code in numpy.pxd (%d)" % t)
  *                 info.format = f
  *                 return             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15987,7 +15928,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     __pyx_r = 0;
     goto __pyx_L0;
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":302
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":302
  *             info.obj = self
  * 
  *             if not PyDataType_HASFIELDS(descr):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -15996,7 +15937,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
   }
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":329
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":329
  *                 return
  *             else:
  *                 info.format = <char*>PyObject_Malloc(_buffer_format_string_len)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -16006,7 +15947,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   /*else*/ {
     __pyx_v_info->format = ((char *)PyObject_Malloc(0xFF));
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":330
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":330
  *             else:
  *                 info.format = <char*>PyObject_Malloc(_buffer_format_string_len)
  *                 info.format[0] = c'^' # Native data types, manual alignment             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -16015,7 +15956,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
     (__pyx_v_info->format[0]) = '^';
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":331
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":331
  *                 info.format = <char*>PyObject_Malloc(_buffer_format_string_len)
  *                 info.format[0] = c'^' # Native data types, manual alignment
  *                 offset = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -16024,7 +15965,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
  */
     __pyx_v_offset = 0;
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":332
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":332
  *                 info.format[0] = c'^' # Native data types, manual alignment
  *                 offset = 0
  *                 f = _util_dtypestring(descr, info.format + 1,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -16034,7 +15975,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     __pyx_t_9 = __pyx_f_5numpy__util_dtypestring(__pyx_v_descr, (__pyx_v_info->format + 1), (__pyx_v_info->format + 0xFF), (&__pyx_v_offset)); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_9 == ((char *)NULL))) __PYX_ERR(2, 332, __pyx_L1_error)
     __pyx_v_f = __pyx_t_9;
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":335
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":335
  *                                       info.format + _buffer_format_string_len,
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  *                 f[0] = c'\0' # Terminate format string             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -16044,7 +15985,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
     (__pyx_v_f[0]) = '\x00';
   }
 
-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":258
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":258
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  *         def __getbuffer__(ndarray self, Py_buffer* info, int flags):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -16076,7 +16017,7 @@ static int __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray___getbuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_self, P
   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":337
+/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":337
  *                 f[0] = c'\0' # Terminate format string
  * 
  *         def __releasebuffer__(ndarray self, Py_buffer* info):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":338
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":338
  * 
  *         def __releasebuffer__(ndarray self, Py_buffer* info):
  *             if PyArray_HASFIELDS(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -16110,7 +16051,7 @@ static void __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray_2__releasebuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_s
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   if (__pyx_t_1) {
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":339
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":339
  *         def __releasebuffer__(ndarray self, Py_buffer* info):
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  *                 PyObject_Free(info.format)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -16119,7 +16060,7 @@ static void __pyx_pf_5numpy_7ndarray_2__releasebuffer__(PyArrayObject *__pyx_v_s
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     PyObject_Free(__pyx_v_info->format);
 
-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":338
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":338
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  *         def __releasebuffer__(ndarray self, Py_buffer* info):
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":340
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":340
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-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":341
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":341
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-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":340
+    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":340
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":337
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":337
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":822
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  * cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew1(a):
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":821
+  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":820
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  * cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew1(a):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-/* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":824
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  * cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew2(a, b):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":825
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":824
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":828
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-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":858
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-    /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":859
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-  /* "../.virtualenvs/dijkstra/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Cython/Includes/numpy/__init__.pxd":272
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":83
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":85
  *   )
  * 
  * def dijkstra(             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   data, source, target,
  *   bidirectional=False, connectivity=26,
  */
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":164
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":166
  *   return _path_to_point_cloud(path, dims, rows, cols)
  * 
  * def distance_field(data, source):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   """
  *   Use dijkstra's shortest path algorithm
  */
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":211
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":213
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  * 
  * def path_from_parents(parents, target):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   cdef size_t sx = parents.shape[0]
  *   cdef size_t sy = parents.shape[1]
  */
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_5path_from_parents, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 211, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_path_from_parents, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 211, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":245
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":247
  *   return _path_to_point_cloud(numpy_path, 3, sy, sx)
  * 
  * def parental_field(data, source, connectivity=26):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   """
  *   Use dijkstra's shortest path algorithm
  */
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+  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_7parental_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 247, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_parental_field, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 245, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":304
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":306
  *   return field
  * 
- * def euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy=(1,1,1)):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * def euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy=(1,1,1), free_space_radius=0):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   """
  *   Use dijkstra's shortest path algorithm
  */
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_9euclidean_distance_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 304, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_9euclidean_distance_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 306, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_euclidean_distance_field, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 304, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":352
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":358
  *   return field
  * 
  * def _validate_coord(data, coord):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   dims = len(data.shape)
  * 
  */
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_11_validate_coord, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 352, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":365
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":371
  *       raise IndexError("Selected voxel {} was not located inside the array.".format(coord))
  * 
  * def _path_to_point_cloud(path, dims, rows, cols):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   ptlist = np.zeros((path.shape[0], dims), dtype=np.uint32)
  * 
  */
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_13_path_to_point_cloud, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 365, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":382
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":388
  *   return ptlist
  * 
  * def _execute_dijkstra(             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   data, source, target, int connectivity,
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  */
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_15_execute_dijkstra, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 382, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_15_execute_dijkstra, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 388, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_execute_dijkstra, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 382, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":688
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":694
  *     return output[::-1]
  * 
  * def _execute_distance_field(data, source):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   cdef uint8_t[:,:,:] arr_memview8
  *   cdef uint16_t[:,:,:] arr_memview16
  */
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_17_execute_distance_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 688, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_17_execute_distance_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 694, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_execute_distance_field, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 688, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":761
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":767
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  * def _execute_parental_field(data, source, connectivity):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   cdef uint8_t[:,:,:] arr_memview8
  *   cdef uint16_t[:,:,:] arr_memview16
  */
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_19_execute_parental_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 761, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_19_execute_parental_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 767, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_execute_parental_field, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 761, __pyx_L1_error)
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-  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":891
+  /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":897
  *     return parents32
  * 
- * def _execute_euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * def _execute_euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy, float free_space_radius = 0):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *   cdef uint8_t[:,:,:] arr_memview8
  * 
  */
-  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_21_execute_euclidean_distance_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 891, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyCFunction_NewEx(&__pyx_mdef_10dijkstra3d_21_execute_euclidean_distance_field, NULL, __pyx_n_s_dijkstra3d); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 897, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
-  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_execute_euclidean_distance_fiel, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 891, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_execute_euclidean_distance_fiel, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 897, __pyx_L1_error)
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   /* "dijkstra3d.pyx":1
@@ -33284,7 +33462,7 @@ static int __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(
         }
         name = first_kw_arg;
         #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
-        if (likely(PyString_CheckExact(key)) || likely(PyString_Check(key))) {
+        if (likely(PyString_Check(key))) {
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                 if ((CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY || PyString_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyString_GET_SIZE(key))
                         && _PyString_Eq(**name, key)) {
@@ -33311,7 +33489,7 @@ static int __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(
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                 #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
-                    (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**name) != PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key)) ? 1 :
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                     #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
-                        (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**argname) != PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key)) ? 1 :
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 {
     int first_time;
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-    if (!memview || (PyObject *) memview == Py_None)
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-    if (first_time) {
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-    if (__pyx_get_slice_count(memview) <= 0)
+    if (unlikely(__pyx_get_slice_count(memview) <= 0))
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     last_time = __pyx_sub_acquisition_count(memview) == 1;
     memslice->data = NULL;
-    if (last_time) {
+    if (unlikely(last_time)) {
         if (have_gil) {
             Py_CLEAR(memslice->memview);
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 {
     const char *ts = *tsp;
-    int i = 0, number;
-    int ndim = ctx->head->field->type->ndim;
-;
+    int i = 0, number, ndim;
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         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
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         return NULL;
     }
     if (__Pyx_BufFmt_ProcessTypeChunk(ctx) == -1) return NULL;
+    ndim = ctx->head->field->type->ndim;
     while (*ts && *ts != ')') {
         switch (*ts) {
             case ' ': case '\f': case '\r': case '\n': case '\t': case '\v':  continue;
@@ -34863,8 +35038,8 @@ static const char* __Pyx_BufFmt_CheckString(__Pyx_BufFmt_Context* ctx, const cha
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       case 'f': case 'd': case 'g':
       case 'O': case 'p':
-        if (ctx->enc_type == *ts && got_Z == ctx->is_complex &&
-            ctx->enc_packmode == ctx->new_packmode) {
+        if ((ctx->enc_type == *ts) && (got_Z == ctx->is_complex) &&
+            (ctx->enc_packmode == ctx->new_packmode) && (!ctx->is_valid_array)) {
           ctx->enc_count += ctx->new_count;
           ctx->new_count = 1;
           got_Z = 0;
@@ -35363,9 +35538,9 @@ static int __Pyx_GetException(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb)
         if (stop < 0)
             stop += length;
     }
+    if (unlikely(stop <= start))
+        return __Pyx_NewRef(__pyx_empty_unicode);
     length = stop - start;
-    if (unlikely(length <= 0))
-        return PyUnicode_FromUnicode(NULL, 0);
     cstring += start;
     if (decode_func) {
         return decode_func(cstring, length, errors);
@@ -35454,7 +35629,7 @@ static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ExceptionSwap(PyObject **type, PyObject **value,
     {
         #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
         if (level == -1) {
-            if (strchr(__Pyx_MODULE_NAME, '.')) {
+            if ((1) && (strchr(__Pyx_MODULE_NAME, '.'))) {
                 module = PyImport_ImportModuleLevelObject(
                     name, global_dict, empty_dict, list, 1);
                 if (!module) {
@@ -35709,6 +35884,28 @@ static PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_GenericGetAttr(PyObject* obj, PyObject* attr_nam
     return -1;
 }
 
+/* PyObjectGetAttrStrNoError */
+  static void __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr_ClearAttributeError(void) {
+    __Pyx_PyThreadState_declare
+    __Pyx_PyThreadState_assign
+    if (likely(__Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_AttributeError)))
+        __Pyx_PyErr_Clear();
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStrNoError(PyObject* obj, PyObject* attr_name) {
+    PyObject *result;
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON && CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS && PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030700B1
+    PyTypeObject* tp = Py_TYPE(obj);
+    if (likely(tp->tp_getattro == PyObject_GenericGetAttr)) {
+        return _PyObject_GenericGetAttrWithDict(obj, attr_name, NULL, 1);
+    }
+#endif
+    result = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(obj, attr_name);
+    if (unlikely(!result)) {
+        __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr_ClearAttributeError();
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
 /* SetupReduce */
   static int __Pyx_setup_reduce_is_named(PyObject* meth, PyObject* name) {
   int ret;
@@ -35754,15 +35951,23 @@ static int __Pyx_setup_reduce(PyObject* type_obj) {
 #endif
         reduce = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_reduce); if (unlikely(!reduce)) goto __PYX_BAD;
         if (reduce == object_reduce || __Pyx_setup_reduce_is_named(reduce, __pyx_n_s_reduce_cython)) {
-            reduce_cython = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_reduce_cython); if (unlikely(!reduce_cython)) goto __PYX_BAD;
-            ret = PyDict_SetItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_reduce, reduce_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto __PYX_BAD;
-            ret = PyDict_DelItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_reduce_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto __PYX_BAD;
+            reduce_cython = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStrNoError(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_reduce_cython);
+            if (likely(reduce_cython)) {
+                ret = PyDict_SetItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_reduce, reduce_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto __PYX_BAD;
+                ret = PyDict_DelItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_reduce_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto __PYX_BAD;
+            } else if (reduce == object_reduce || PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                goto __PYX_BAD;
+            }
             setstate = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_setstate);
             if (!setstate) PyErr_Clear();
             if (!setstate || __Pyx_setup_reduce_is_named(setstate, __pyx_n_s_setstate_cython)) {
-                setstate_cython = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_setstate_cython); if (unlikely(!setstate_cython)) goto __PYX_BAD;
-                ret = PyDict_SetItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_setstate, setstate_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto __PYX_BAD;
-                ret = PyDict_DelItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_setstate_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto __PYX_BAD;
+                setstate_cython = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStrNoError(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_setstate_cython);
+                if (likely(setstate_cython)) {
+                    ret = PyDict_SetItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_setstate, setstate_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto __PYX_BAD;
+                    ret = PyDict_DelItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_setstate_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto __PYX_BAD;
+                } else if (!setstate || PyErr_Occurred()) {
+                    goto __PYX_BAD;
+                }
             }
             PyType_Modified((PyTypeObject*)type_obj);
         }
@@ -35954,7 +36159,7 @@ static PyObject *__Pyx_Py3ClassCreate(PyObject *metaclass, PyObject *name, PyObj
 
 /* CLineInTraceback */
   #ifndef CYTHON_CLINE_IN_TRACEBACK
-static int __Pyx_CLineForTraceback(PyThreadState *tstate, int c_line) {
+static int __Pyx_CLineForTraceback(CYTHON_NCP_UNUSED PyThreadState *tstate, int c_line) {
     PyObject *use_cline;
     PyObject *ptype, *pvalue, *ptraceback;
 #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
@@ -36058,7 +36263,7 @@ static void __pyx_insert_code_object(int code_line, PyCodeObject* code_object) {
     if (__pyx_code_cache.count == __pyx_code_cache.max_count) {
         int new_max = __pyx_code_cache.max_count + 64;
         entries = (__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry*)PyMem_Realloc(
-            __pyx_code_cache.entries, (size_t)new_max*sizeof(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry));
+            __pyx_code_cache.entries, ((size_t)new_max) * sizeof(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry));
         if (unlikely(!entries)) {
             return;
         }
@@ -36795,7 +37000,7 @@ __pyx_memoryview_copy_new_contig(const __Pyx_memviewslice *from_mvs,
     struct __pyx_memoryview_obj *memview_obj = NULL;
     __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__pyx_memoryview_copy_new_contig", 0);
     for (i = 0; i < ndim; i++) {
-        if (from_mvs->suboffsets[i] >= 0) {
+        if (unlikely(from_mvs->suboffsets[i] >= 0)) {
             PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "Cannot copy memoryview slice with "
                                            "indirect dimensions (axis %d)", i);
             goto fail;
@@ -38072,13 +38277,13 @@ __pyx_check_strides(Py_buffer *buf, int dim, int ndim, int spec)
     if (buf->strides) {
         if (spec & __Pyx_MEMVIEW_CONTIG) {
             if (spec & (__Pyx_MEMVIEW_PTR|__Pyx_MEMVIEW_FULL)) {
-                if (buf->strides[dim] != sizeof(void *)) {
+                if (unlikely(buf->strides[dim] != sizeof(void *))) {
                     PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                                  "Buffer is not indirectly contiguous "
                                  "in dimension %d.", dim);
                     goto fail;
                 }
-            } else if (buf->strides[dim] != buf->itemsize) {
+            } else if (unlikely(buf->strides[dim] != buf->itemsize)) {
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                                 "Buffer and memoryview are not contiguous "
                                 "in the same dimension.");
@@ -38089,7 +38294,7 @@ __pyx_check_strides(Py_buffer *buf, int dim, int ndim, int spec)
             Py_ssize_t stride = buf->strides[dim];
             if (stride < 0)
                 stride = -stride;
-            if (stride < buf->itemsize) {
+            if (unlikely(stride < buf->itemsize)) {
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                                 "Buffer and memoryview are not contiguous "
                                 "in the same dimension.");
@@ -38097,17 +38302,17 @@ __pyx_check_strides(Py_buffer *buf, int dim, int ndim, int spec)
             }
         }
     } else {
-        if (spec & __Pyx_MEMVIEW_CONTIG && dim != ndim - 1) {
+        if (unlikely(spec & __Pyx_MEMVIEW_CONTIG && dim != ndim - 1)) {
             PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                          "C-contiguous buffer is not contiguous in "
                          "dimension %d", dim);
             goto fail;
-        } else if (spec & (__Pyx_MEMVIEW_PTR)) {
+        } else if (unlikely(spec & (__Pyx_MEMVIEW_PTR))) {
             PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                          "C-contiguous buffer is not indirect in "
                          "dimension %d", dim);
             goto fail;
-        } else if (buf->suboffsets) {
+        } else if (unlikely(buf->suboffsets)) {
             PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                             "Buffer exposes suboffsets but no strides");
             goto fail;
@@ -38121,7 +38326,7 @@ static int
 __pyx_check_suboffsets(Py_buffer *buf, int dim, CYTHON_UNUSED int ndim, int spec)
 {
     if (spec & __Pyx_MEMVIEW_DIRECT) {
-        if (buf->suboffsets && buf->suboffsets[dim] >= 0) {
+        if (unlikely(buf->suboffsets && buf->suboffsets[dim] >= 0)) {
             PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                          "Buffer not compatible with direct access "
                          "in dimension %d.", dim);
@@ -38129,7 +38334,7 @@ __pyx_check_suboffsets(Py_buffer *buf, int dim, CYTHON_UNUSED int ndim, int spec
         }
     }
     if (spec & __Pyx_MEMVIEW_PTR) {
-        if (!buf->suboffsets || (buf->suboffsets[dim] < 0)) {
+        if (unlikely(!buf->suboffsets || (buf->suboffsets[dim] < 0))) {
             PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                          "Buffer is not indirectly accessible "
                          "in dimension %d.", dim);
@@ -38147,9 +38352,7 @@ __pyx_verify_contig(Py_buffer *buf, int ndim, int c_or_f_flag)
     if (c_or_f_flag & __Pyx_IS_F_CONTIG) {
         Py_ssize_t stride = 1;
         for (i = 0; i < ndim; i++) {
-            if (stride * buf->itemsize != buf->strides[i] &&
-                    buf->shape[i] > 1)
-            {
+            if (unlikely(stride * buf->itemsize != buf->strides[i]  &&  buf->shape[i] > 1)) {
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                     "Buffer not fortran contiguous.");
                 goto fail;
@@ -38159,8 +38362,7 @@ __pyx_verify_contig(Py_buffer *buf, int ndim, int c_or_f_flag)
     } else if (c_or_f_flag & __Pyx_IS_C_CONTIG) {
         Py_ssize_t stride = 1;
         for (i = ndim - 1; i >- 1; i--) {
-            if (stride * buf->itemsize != buf->strides[i] &&
-                    buf->shape[i] > 1) {
+            if (unlikely(stride * buf->itemsize != buf->strides[i]  &&  buf->shape[i] > 1)) {
                 PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                     "Buffer not C contiguous.");
                 goto fail;
@@ -38201,7 +38403,7 @@ static int __Pyx_ValidateAndInit_memviewslice(
             goto fail;
     }
     buf = &memview->view;
-    if (buf->ndim != ndim) {
+    if (unlikely(buf->ndim != ndim)) {
         PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                 "Buffer has wrong number of dimensions (expected %d, got %d)",
                 ndim, buf->ndim);
@@ -38209,9 +38411,9 @@ static int __Pyx_ValidateAndInit_memviewslice(
     }
     if (new_memview) {
         __Pyx_BufFmt_Init(&ctx, stack, dtype);
-        if (!__Pyx_BufFmt_CheckString(&ctx, buf->format)) goto fail;
+        if (unlikely(!__Pyx_BufFmt_CheckString(&ctx, buf->format))) goto fail;
     }
-    if ((unsigned) buf->itemsize != dtype->size) {
+    if (unlikely((unsigned) buf->itemsize != dtype->size)) {
         PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                      "Item size of buffer (%" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "u byte%s) "
                      "does not match size of '%s' (%" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "u byte%s)",
@@ -38222,15 +38424,17 @@ static int __Pyx_ValidateAndInit_memviewslice(
                      (dtype->size > 1) ? "s" : "");
         goto fail;
     }
-    for (i = 0; i < ndim; i++) {
-        spec = axes_specs[i];
-        if (!__pyx_check_strides(buf, i, ndim, spec))
-            goto fail;
-        if (!__pyx_check_suboffsets(buf, i, ndim, spec))
+    if (buf->len > 0) {
+        for (i = 0; i < ndim; i++) {
+            spec = axes_specs[i];
+            if (unlikely(!__pyx_check_strides(buf, i, ndim, spec)))
+                goto fail;
+            if (unlikely(!__pyx_check_suboffsets(buf, i, ndim, spec)))
+                goto fail;
+        }
+        if (unlikely(buf->strides && !__pyx_verify_contig(buf, ndim, c_or_f_flag)))
             goto fail;
     }
-    if (buf->strides && !__pyx_verify_contig(buf, ndim, c_or_f_flag))
-        goto fail;
     if (unlikely(__Pyx_init_memviewslice(memview, ndim, memviewslice,
                                          new_memview != NULL) == -1)) {
         goto fail;
diff --git a/dijkstra3d.hpp b/dijkstra3d.hpp
index 5b4e8c9..950a8c2 100644
--- a/dijkstra3d.hpp
+++ b/dijkstra3d.hpp
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 
 namespace dijkstra {
 
+#define sq(x) ((x) * (x))
+
 inline float* fill(float *arr, const float value, const size_t size) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
     arr[i] = value;
@@ -767,6 +769,118 @@ float* distance_field3d(
   return dist;
 }
 
+/*  For the euclidean distance field calculation, it is 
+    1-2 orders of magnitude faster to compute the distance field
+    using an equation instead of dijkstra's method, but the eqn
+    only works in free space (straight line of sight from the source).
+
+    Therefore, when we have outside information that some distance 
+    around the source point is free space, we can use a hybrid approach
+    and use the equation to label the "safe" region and use dijkstra
+    for the rest. It may be possible to extend the use of the equation
+    with further development of this hybrid approach.
+
+    Here's an unoptimized version of the equation that works for 
+    <1,1,1> isotropic volumes only, but is easier to understand.
+    The equation in actual use below is adapted for anisotropic 
+    volumes.
+
+    It works by starting with the manhattan distance between the
+    source and the target point and then subtracts 3D diagonals,
+    then 2D diagonals and adds their contribution back in. This works
+    on the principle that the shortest distance between the source and 
+    target requires that the maximum number of corner directions be 
+    taken. Note that this equation sees distance the way the dijkstra
+    approach would, it is quite different from a simple euclidean distance.
+
+        float corners = std::min(std::min(dx, dy), dz);
+        float edge_xy = std::min(dx, dy) - corners;
+        float edge_yz = std::min(dy, dz) - corners;
+        float edge_xz = std::min(dx, dz) - corners;
+        float edges = edge_xy + edge_yz + edge_xz;
+
+        float faces = (dx + dy + dz) - 2 * edges - 3 * corners;
+
+        dist[loc] = corners * sqrt(3) + edges * sqrt(2) + faces;
+
+    In order to integrate with the following dijkstra method, the 
+    fringe of the free space is pushed onto the dijkstra priority 
+    queue. The non-fringe free-space is negated (x -1) in order to
+    mark it as visited. Dijkstra will then find the minimum of the 
+    fringe and proceed normally.
+
+    For reference, in a 512^3, dijkstra's method appears to work at 
+    about 1 MVx/sec while this method is about 85 MVx/sec on the same
+    hardware. Tests of a simpler version of the equation (no radius testing,
+    less support for anisotropy) were working at 210 MVx/sec so some room
+    for optimization is likely.
+
+    In a field test in Kimimaro on a cell body starting from the point of
+    maximum distance from the boundary, the timing improved from 20 sec to
+    10 sec, so a 2x overall performance increase for a single use of the 
+    free space eqn.
+ */
+float* edf_free_space(
+    uint8_t* field, float* dist,
+    std::priority_queue<HeapNode<size_t>, std::vector<HeapNode<size_t>>, HeapNodeCompare<size_t>> &queue,
+    const int64_t source, const float safe_radius,
+    const int64_t sx, const int64_t sy, const int64_t sz, 
+    const float wx, const float wy, const float wz
+  ) {
+
+  const int64_t sxy = sx * sy;
+
+  int64_t src_z = source / sxy;
+  int64_t src_y = (source - (src_z * sxy)) / sx;
+  int64_t src_x = source - sx * (src_y + src_z * sy);
+
+  int64_t loc = 0;
+  float radius = 0;
+  float corner_increment = std::sqrt(sq(wx) + sq(wy) + sq(wz));
+
+  for (int64_t z = 0; z < sz; z++) {
+    for (int64_t y = 0; y < sy; y++) {
+      for (int64_t x = 0; x < sx; x++) {
+        loc = x + sx * (y + sy * z);
+
+        if (field[loc] == 0) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        radius = std::sqrt(sq(wx * (x - src_x)) + sq(wy * (y - src_y)) + sq(wz * (z - src_z)));
+        if (radius > safe_radius) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        float dx = std::abs(static_cast<float>(x - src_x));
+        float dy = std::abs(static_cast<float>(y - src_y));
+        float dz = std::abs(static_cast<float>(z - src_z));
+
+        float dxyz = std::min(std::min(dx, dy), dz);
+        float dxy = std::min(dx, dy);
+        float dyz = std::min(dy, dz);
+        float dxz = std::min(dx, dz);
+
+        dist[loc] = (dxyz * std::sqrt(wx * wx + wy * wy + wz * wz) 
+           + wx * (dx - dxyz) + wy * (dy - dxyz) + wz * (dz - dxyz)
+           + (dxy - dxyz) * (std::sqrt(wx * wx + wy * wy) - wx - wy)
+           + (dxz - dxyz) * (std::sqrt(wx * wx + wz * wz) - wx - wz)
+           + (dyz - dxyz) * (std::sqrt(wy * wy + wz * wz) - wy - wz)
+        );
+
+        if (radius + corner_increment > safe_radius) {
+          queue.emplace(dist[loc], loc);  
+        }
+        else {
+          dist[loc] *= -1;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return dist;
+}
+
 // helper function to compute 2D anisotropy ("_s" = "square")
 inline float _s(const float wa, const float wb) {
   return std::sqrt(wa * wa + wb * wb);
@@ -781,7 +895,9 @@ float* euclidean_distance_field3d(
     uint8_t* field, // really a boolean field
     const size_t sx, const size_t sy, const size_t sz, 
     const float wx, const float wy, const float wz, 
-    const size_t source, float* dist = NULL
+    const size_t source, 
+    const float free_space_radius = 0,
+    float* dist = NULL
   ) {
 
   const size_t voxels = sx * sy * sz;
@@ -819,6 +935,15 @@ float* euclidean_distance_field3d(
   std::priority_queue<HeapNode<size_t>, std::vector<HeapNode<size_t>>, HeapNodeCompare<size_t>> queue;
   queue.emplace(0.0, source);
 
+  if (free_space_radius > 0) {
+    edf_free_space(
+      field, dist, queue, 
+      source, free_space_radius,
+      sx, sy, sz,
+      wx, wy, wz
+    );
+  }
+
   size_t loc;
   float new_dist;
   size_t neighboridx;
@@ -877,8 +1002,6 @@ float* euclidean_distance_field3d(
   return dist;
 }
 
-
-
 }; // namespace dijkstra3d
 
 #endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dijkstra3d.pyx b/dijkstra3d.pyx
index f23499e..77aa2cc 100644
--- a/dijkstra3d.pyx
+++ b/dijkstra3d.pyx
@@ -74,7 +74,9 @@ cdef extern from "dijkstra3d.hpp" namespace "dijkstra":
     uint8_t* field,
     size_t sx, size_t sy, size_t sz,
     float wx, float wy, float wz,
-    size_t source, float* dist
+    size_t source,  
+    float free_space_radius,
+    float* dist
   )
   cdef vector[T] query_shortest_path[T](
     T* parents, T target
@@ -301,7 +303,7 @@ def parental_field(data, source, connectivity=26):
 
   return field
 
-def euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy=(1,1,1)):
+def euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy=(1,1,1), free_space_radius=0):
   """
   Use dijkstra's shortest path algorithm
   on a 3D image grid to generate a weighted 
@@ -320,6 +322,10 @@ def euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy=(1,1,1)):
    data: Input weights in a 2D or 3D numpy array. 
    source: (x,y,z) coordinate of starting voxel
    anisotropy: (wx,wy,wz) weights for each axial direction.
+   free_space_radius: (float, optional) if you know that the 
+    region surrounding the source is free space, we can use
+    a much faster algorithm to fill in that volume. Value
+    is physical radius (can get this from the EDT). 
   
   Returns: 2D or 3D numpy array with each index
     containing its distance from the source voxel.
@@ -341,7 +347,7 @@ def euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy=(1,1,1)):
 
   data = np.asfortranarray(data)
 
-  field = _execute_euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy)
+  field = _execute_euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy, free_space_radius)
   if dims < 3:
     field = np.squeeze(field, axis=2)
   if dims < 2:
@@ -888,7 +894,7 @@ def _execute_parental_field(data, source, connectivity):
   else:
     return parents32
 
-def _execute_euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy):
+def _execute_euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy, float free_space_radius = 0):
   cdef uint8_t[:,:,:] arr_memview8
 
   cdef size_t sx = data.shape[0]
@@ -911,7 +917,8 @@ def _execute_euclidean_distance_field(data, source, anisotropy):
       &arr_memview8[0,0,0],
       sx, sy, sz,
       wx, wy, wz,
-      src, &dist[0,0,0]
+      src, free_space_radius,
+      &dist[0,0,0]
     )
   else:
     raise TypeError("Type {} not currently supported.".format(dtype))