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@inproceedings{bender:etal:07,
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  year = {2007}
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@inproceedings{bender:etal:09,
  author = {Bender, Emily M.},
  title = {{Linguistically Na\"ive != Language Independent: Why {NLP}
                  Needs Linguistic Typology}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the EACL 2009 Workshop on the
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@article{bender:etal:10,
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@inproceedings{bender:etal:10:b,
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@inproceedings{bender:flickinger:05,
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@incollection{berge:09,
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@article{bianchi:frascarelli:10,
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@phdthesis{bildhauer:07,
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@inproceedings{bildhauer:08,
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@inproceedings{bildhauer:cook:10,
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@inproceedings{bjerre:11,
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@inproceedings{brunetti:etal:11,
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@article{buring:03,
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@incollection{buring:06,
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  year={2006},
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  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter}
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@incollection{buring:10,
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  pages={177--205},
  year={2010}
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@article{buring:97,
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@incollection{buring:99,
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@techreport{burnard:00,
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@article{byron:etal:06,
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  year={2006}
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@inproceedings{calhoun:etal:05,
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  year={2005},
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@inproceedings{marimon:10,
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  month = {may},
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  address = {Valletta, Malta},
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                  and Stelios Piperidis and Mike Rosner and Daniel
                  Tapias},
  publisher = {European Language Resources Association (ELRA)},
  isbn = {2-9517408-6-7}
 }

@article{callmeier:00,
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  year={2000}
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@inproceedings{carreras:etal:04,
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@incollection{carstairs-mccarthy:98,
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@article{casielles:03,
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@book{casielles:04,
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@article{cecchetto:99,
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@incollection{chafe:76,
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@incollection{chang:01,
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@article{chang:02,
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}

@book{chang:95,
  title={{Information-based Korean Grammar \textnormal{[in Korean]}}},
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  year={1995},
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}

@book{chapman:81,
  address = {Brasilia},
  author = {Chapman, Shirley},
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  volume = {153},
  year = {1981}
}

@inproceedings{chen:ng:13,
  author    = {Chen Chen and Vincent Ng},
  title     = {{Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution: Some Recent Advances}},
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                  in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages     = {1360--1365}
}

@article{choe:02,
  title={{Extended Focus: Korean Delimiter {\it man}}},
  author={Choe, Jae-Woong},
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  volume={38},
  number={4},
  pages={1131--1149},
  year={2002},
  publisher={Seoul National University, Language Research Institute}
}

@inproceedings{choi:12,
  title = {{Sentential Specifiers in the Korean Clause Structure}},
  author = {Choi, Incheol},
  pages = {75--85},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2012
}

@book{choi:99,
  title={{Optimizing Structure in Context: Scrambling and Information
                  Structure}},
  author={Choi, Hye-Won},
  year={1999},
  address="Stanford, CA",
  publisher={CSLI Publications}
}

@book{chomsky:93,
  title={{Lectures on Government and Binding: The Pisa Lectures}},
  author={Chomsky, Noam},
  year={1993},
  address={Berlin/New York},
  publisher={Walter de Gruyter}
}

@book{chomsky:95,
  title={{The Minimalist Program}},
  author={Chomsky, Noam},
  year={1995},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge Univ Press}
}

@book{chomsky:halle:68,
  title={{The Sound Pattern of English}},
  author={Chomsky, Noam and Halle, Morris},
  year={1968},
  address={New York},
  publisher={Harper and Row}
}

@article{chomsky:lasnik:77,
  title={{Filters and Control}},
  author={Chomsky, Noam and Lasnik, Howard},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={8},
  number={3},
  pages={425--504},
  year={1977},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@inproceedings{chung:etal:03,
  title={{On the Role of Argument Structure in Focus Projections}},
  author={Chung, Chan and Kim, Jong-Bok and Sells, Peter},
  booktitle={Proceedings from the Annual Meeting of the Chicago
                  Linguistic Society},
  volume={39},
  number={1},
  pages={386--404},
  year={2003},
  organization={Chicago Linguistic Society}
}

@article{chung:kenstowicz:97,
  title={{Focus Expression in Seoul Korean}},
  author={Chung, Soo-Jin and Kenstowicz, Michael},
  journal={Harvard Studies in Korean Linguistics},
  volume={7},
  pages={93--120},
  year={1997}
}

@article{chung:kim:09,
  title={{Inverted English Concessive Constructions: A
                  Construction-Based Approach}},
  author={Chan Chung and Jong-Bok Kim},
  journal={Studies in Modern Grammar},
  volume={58},
  pages={39--58},
  year={2009}
}

@article{churng:07,
  title={{The Prosody of Topic and Focus: Explained away in Phases}},
  author={Sarah Churng},
  journal={UW Working Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={26},
  year={2007}
}

@article{cinque:77,
  title={{The Movement Nature of Left Dislocation}},
  author={Cinque, Guglielmo},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={8},
  number={2},
  pages={397--412},
  year={1977},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@article{cinque:93,
  title={{A Null Theory of Phrase and Compound Stress}},
  author={Cinque, Guglielmo},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={24},
  number={2},
  pages={239--297},
  year={1993}
}

@incollection{clech:99,
  title={{Are There Cleft Sentences in French}},
  author={Clech-Darbon, Anne and Rebuschi, Georges and Rialland,
                  Annie},
  booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
  editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
  pages={83--118},
  year={1999},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@article{cohen:60,
  title={{A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales}},
  author={Jacob Cohen},
  journal={Educational and Psychological Measurement},
  volume={20},
  number={1},
  pages={37--46},
  year={1960}
}

@article{comrie:84,
  title={{Some Formal Properties of Focus in Modern Eastern
                  Armenian}},
  author={Bernard Comrie},
  journal={Annual of Armenian Linguistics},
  volume={5},
  pages={1--21},
  year={1984}
}

@inproceedings{constant:11,
  title={{On the Independence of Mandarin Aspectual and Contrastive
                  Sentence-Final \textit{ne}}},
  author={Constant, Noah},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 23rd North American Conference on
                  Chinese Linguistics},
  volume={23},
  number={2},
  pages={15--29},
  year={2011}
}

@article{constant:12,
  title={{English Rise-Fall-Rise: A Study in the Semantics and
                  Pragmatics of Intonation}},
  author={Constant, Noah},
  journal={Linguistics and Philosophy},
  volume={35},
  number={5},
  pages={407--442},
  year={2012}
}

@book{copestake:02,
  title={{Implementing Typed Feature Structure Grammars}},
  author={Copestake, Ann},
  year={2002},
  address="Stanford, CA",
  publisher={CSLI Publications}
}

@incollection{copestake:02:CLE,
 author = {Copestake, Ann},
 title = {{Definitions of Typed Feature Structures}},
 booktitle = {Collaborative Language Engineering},
 editor = {Oepen, Stephan and Flickinger, Dan and Tsujii, {Jun-ichi}
                  and Uszkoreit, Hans},
 year = 2002,
 pages = {227--230},
 address = {Stanford, CA},
 publisher = {CSLI Publications}
}

@inproceedings{copestake:07,
  title={{Semantic Composition with (Robust) Minimal Recursion
                  Semantics}},
  author={Copestake, Ann},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Deep Linguistic
                  Processing},
  pages={73--80},
  year={2007},
  organization={Association for Computational Linguistics}
}

@inproceedings{copestake:09,
  title={{Slacker Semantics: Why Superficiality, Dependency and
                  Avoidance of Commitment can be the Right Way to
                  Go}},
  author={Copestake, Ann},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European
                  Chapter of the ACL (EACL 2009)},
  pages={1--9},
  year={2009},
  address = {Athens, Greece},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
}

@article{copestake:etal:05,
  title={{Minimal Recursion Semantics: An Introduction}},
  author={Copestake, Ann and Flickinger, Dan and Pollard, Carl and
                  Sag, Ivan A.},
  journal={Research on Language \& Computation},
  volume={3},
  number={4},
  pages={281--332},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{copestake:flickinger:00,
  title={{An Open-Source Grammar Development Environment and
                  Broad-Coverage English Grammar using HPSG}},
  author={Copestake, Ann and Dan Flickinger},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Language Resources
                  and Evaluation},
  address={Athens, Greece},
  year={2000}
}

@incollection{copestake:flickinger:10,
  title={{Features and Computational Semantics}},
  author={Copestake, Ann and Dan Flickinger},
  booktitle={Features: Perspectives on a Key Notion in Linguistics},
  editor={Anne Kibort and Greville Corbett},
  address = {Oxford, UK},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  pages={221--235},
  year={2010}
}

@book{croft:02,
  title={{Typology and Universals}},
  author={Croft, William},
  year={2002},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@mastersthesis{crowgey:12,
  title={{The Syntactic Exponence of Negation: A Model for the \lingo
                  Grammar Matrix}},
  author={Crowgey, Joshua},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={2012}
}

@inproceedings{crowgey:bender:11,
  author = {Crowgey, Joshua and Bender, Emily M.},
  title = {{Analyzing Interacting Phenomena: Word Order and Negation
                  in {B}asque}},
  pages = {46--59},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2011
}

@inproceedings{crysmann:03,
  author = {Berthold Crysmann},
  title = {{On the Efficient Implementation of {German} Verb Placement
                  in {HPSG}}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of RANLP 2003},
  address = {Borovets, Bulgaria},
  pages = {112--116},
  year = 2003
}

@inproceedings{crysmann:05a,
  author = {Berthold Crysmann},
  title = {{Syncretism in {German}: a Unified Approach to
                  Underspecification, Indeterminacy, and likeness of
                  Case}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
                  Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG)},
  year = {2005},
  address = {Stanford},
  pages = {91--107},
  address={Lisbon},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications}
}

@article{crysmann:05b,
  author = {Berthold Crysmann},
  title = {{Relative Clause Extraposition in {German}: An Efficient
                  and Portable Implementation}},
  journal = {Research on Language \& Computation},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {61--82},
  year = {2005}
}

@book{dalrymple:nikolaeva:11,
  title={{Objects and Information Structure}},
  author={Dalrymple, Mary and Nikolaeva, Irina},
  volume={131},
  year={2011},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@book{dekuthy:00,
  title={{Discontinuous NPs in German -- A Case Study of the
                  Interaction of Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics}},
  author={De Kuthy, Kordula},
  year={2000},
  publisher={CSLI publications}
}

@inproceedings{dekuthy:meurers:11,
  title = {{Integrating GIVENness into a structured meaning approach
                  in HPSG}},
  author={De Kuthy, Kordula and Meurers, Detmar},
  pages = {289--301},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2011
}

@article{diesing:92,
  title={{Bare Plural Subjects and the Derivation of Logical Representations}},
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  year={1992},
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@book{dipper:etal:07,
  title={{Information Structure in Cross-linguistic Corpora:
                  Annotation Guidelines for Phonology, Morphology,
                  Syntax, Semantics and Information Structure}},
  author={Dipper, Stefanie and Goetze, Michael and Skopeteas,
                  Stavros},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Universit\"{a}tsverlag Potsdam}
}

@phdthesis{drellishak:09,
  title={{Widespread but Not Universal: Improving the Typological
                  Coverage of the Grammar Matrix}},
  author={Drellishak, Scott},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={2009}
}

@inproceedings{drellishak:bender:05,
  author	= {Scott Drellishak and Emily M. Bender},
  title		= {{A Coordination Module for a Crosslinguistic Grammar
		  Resource}},
  booktitle	= {The Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
		  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  year={2005},
  editor={Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  address={Stanford, CA},
  publisher={CSLI Publications},
  pages={108--128}
}

@inproceedings{dridan:13,
  author    = {Rebecca Dridan},
  title     = {{Ubertagging: Joint Segmentation and Supertagging for English}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods
                  in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages     = {1201--1212}
}

@article{drubig:03,
  title={{Toward a Typology of Focus and Focus Constructions}},
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  year={2003},
  publisher={de Gruyter}
}

@incollection{emonds:04,
  title={{Unspecified Categories as the Key to Root Constructions}},
  author={Emonds, Joseph},
  booktitle={Peripheries: Syntactic Edges and their Effects},
  editor={David Adger and C{\'e}cile de Cat and Georges Tsoulas},
  pages={75--120},
  year={2004},
  address={Dordrecht},
  publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers}
}

@phdthesis{emonds:70,
  title={{Root and Structure-Preserving Transformations}},
  author={Emonds, Joseph E.},
  year={1970},
  school={Massachusetts Institute of Technology}
}

@article{emonds:79,
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  publisher={JSTOR}
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@article{engdahl:vallduvi:96,
  title={{Information Packaging in {HPSG}}},
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  year={1996}
}

@book{erteschik:07,
  title={{Information Structure: The Syntax-Discourse Interface}},
  author={Erteschik-Shir, Nomi},
  year={2007},
  address = {Oxford, UK},
  publisher={Oxford University Press}
}

@book{erteschik:97,
  title={{The Dynamics of Focus Structure}},
  author={Erteschik-Shir, Nomi},
  year={1997},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@incollection{erteschik:99,
  title={{Focus Structure and Scope}},
  author={Nomi Erteschik-Shir},
  booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
  editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
  address={Amsterdam/Philadelphia},
  pages={119--150},
  year={1999}
}

@mphillthesis{eveleigh:10,
  title={{Efficient Operations on Semantic Dependency Structures}},
  author={Vaughan Eveleigh},
  school={University of Cambridge},
  year={2010}
}

@article{fabb:90,
  title={{The Difference between English Restrictive and
                  Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses}},
  author={Fabb, Nigel},
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  pages={57--77},
  year={1990},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@article{fery:ishihara:09,
  title={{The Phonology of Second Occurrence Focus}},
  author={F{\'e}ry, Caroline and Ishihara, Shinichiro},
  journal={Journal of Linguistics},
  pages={285--313},
  volume={45},
  number={2},
  year={2009}
}

@article{fery:krifka:08,
  title={{Information Structure: Notional Distinctions, Ways of
                  Expression}},
  author={F{\'e}ry, Caroline and Krifka, Manfred},
  booktitle={Unity and Diversity of Languages},
  editor={Piet van Sterkenburg},
  pages={123--136},
  year={2008},
  address={Amsterdam/Philadelphia},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@incollection{fiedler:etal:10,
  title={{Subject Focus in West African Languages}},
  author={Ines Fiedler and Katharina Hartmann and Brigitte Reineke and
                  Anne Schwarz and Malte Zimmermann},
  booktitle={Information Structure: Theoretical, Typological, and
                  Experimental Perspectives},
  editor={Malte Zimmermann abd Caroline F{\'e}ry},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  pages={234--257},
  year={2010}
}

@inproceedings{fillmore:90,
  title={{Epistemic Stance and Grammatical Forms in English
                  Conditional Sentences}},
  author={Fillmore, Charles J.},
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  year={1990}
}

@incollection{fintel:04,
  title={{Would You Believe It? The King of France is Back!
                  (Presuppositions and Truth-value Intuitions)}},
  author={von Fintel, Kai},
  booktitle={Descriptions and Beyond},
  editor={Marga Reimer and Anne Bezuidenhout},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  pages={315--341},
  year={2004}
}

@book{firbas:92,
  title={{Functional Sentence Perspective in Written and Spoken
                  Communication}},
  author={Jan Firbas},
  year={1992},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
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@article{flickinger:00,
  title = {{On Building a More Efficient Grammar by Exploiting
                  Types}},
  author = {Dan Flickinger},
  journal = {Natural Language Engineering},
  editor = {Flickinger, Dan and Oepen, Stephan and
            Tsujii, J. and Uszkoreit, Hans},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {15--28},
  year = 2000
}

@incollection{flickinger:11,
  title={{Accuracy vs. Robustness in Grammar Engineering}},
  author={Dan Flickinger},
  booktitle={Language from a Cognitive Perspective: Grammar, Usage and
                  Processing},
  editor={Emily M. Bender and Jennifer E. Arnold},
  pages={31--50},
  year={2011},
  address={Stanford,CA},
  publisher={CSLI Publications}
}

@phdthesis{flickinger:87,
  title={{Lexical Rules in the Hierarchical Lexicon}},
  author={Dan Flickinger},
  year={1987},
  school={Stanford University}
}

@techreport{fokkens:10,
  author = {Antske Fokkens},
  title = {{Documentation for the Grammar Matrix Word Order Library}},
  institution = {Saarland University},
  year = 2010
}

@inproceedings{fokkens:11,
  author    = {Fokkens, Antske},
  title     = {{Metagrammar Engineering: Towards Systematic Exploration
                  of Implemented Grammars}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the
                  Association for Computational Linguistics: Human
                  Language Technologies},
  month     = {June},
  year      = {2011},
  address   = {Portland, OR, USA},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages     = {1066--1076}
}

@inproceedings{fokkens:etal:12,
  author = {Fokkens, Antske and Tania Avgustinova and Yi Zhang},
  title = {{CLIMB Grammars: Three Projects Using Metagrammar
                  Engineering}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eight International Conference on
                  Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'12)},
  month = {May},
  year = {2012},
  address = {Istanbul, Turkey},
  publisher = {European Language Resources Association (ELRA)},
}

@inproceedings{fokkens:etal:13,
  title={{Offspring from Reproduction Problems:
           What Replication Failure Teaches Us}},
  author={Fokkens, Antske and van Erp, Marieke and Postma, Marten and Pedersen, Ted and Vossen, Piek and Freire, Nuno},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the
                  Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Sofia, Bulgaria},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages     = {1691--1701}
}

@book{frascarelli:00,
  title={{The Syntax-Phonology Interface in Focus and Topic
                  Constructions in Italian}},
  author={Frascarelli, Mare},
  year={2000},
  address={Dordrecht/Boston},
  publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers}
}

@book{frota:00,
  title={{Prosody and Focus in European Portuguese: Phonological
                  Phrasing and Intonation}},
  author={Frota, S{\'o}nia},
  year=2000,
  address={New York, NY},
  publisher={Garland Publishing Inc.}
}

@inproceedings{gell:ruhlen:11,
  title={{The Origin and Evolution of Word Order}},
  author={Gell-Mann, Murray and Ruhlen, Merritt},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
                  United States of America},
  volume={108},
  number={42},
  pages={17290--17295},
  year={2011},
  publisher={National Acad Sciences}
}

@book{ginzburg:12,
  title={{The Interactive Stance: Meaning for Conversation}},
  author={Jonathan Ginzburg},
  year={2012},
  address="New York",
  publisher={Oxford University Press}
}

@article{givon:84,
  title={{Syntax, a Functional-Typological Approach}},
  author={Giv{\'o}n, Talmy},
  journal={Amsterdam: John Benjamins},
  year={1984}
}

@article{givon:91,
  title={{Isomorphism in the Grammatical Code: Cognitive and
                  Biological Considerations}},
  author={Giv{\'o}n, Talmy},
  journal={Studies in Language},
  volume={15},
  number={1},
  pages={85--114},
  year={1991},
  publisher={Benjamins Publishing Compagny}
}

@article{goodman:13,
  title={{Generation of Machine-Readable Morphological Rules with
                  Human Readable Input}},
  author={Goodman, Michael Wayne},
  journal={UW Working Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={30},
  year={2013}
}

@mastersthesis{gracheva:13,
  title={{Markers of Contrast in Russian: A Corpus-based Study}},
  author={Varvara Gracheva},
  school={University of Washington},
  year={2013}
}

@article{grewendorf:01,
  title={{Multiple \textit{Wh}-Fronting}},
  author={Grewendorf, G{\"u}nther},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={32},
  number={1},
  pages={87--122},
  year={2001},
  publisher={MIT Press}
}

@inproceedings{grishina:06,
  title={{Spoken Russian in the Russian National Corpus (RNC)}},
  author={Grishina, Elena},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
                  Language Resources and Evaluation},
  pages={121--124},
  year={2006}
}

@article{grohmann:01,
  title={{On Predication, Derivation and Anti-Locality}},
  author={Grohmann, Kleanthes K},
  journal={ZAS Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={26},
  pages={87--112},
  year={2001}
}

@article{gropen:etal:89,
  title={{The Learnability and Acquisition of the Dative Alternation
                  in English}},
  author={Gropen, Jess and Pinker, Steven and Hollander, Michelle and
                  Goldberg, Richard and Wilson, Ronald},
  journal={Language},
  volume={65},
  number={2},
  pages={203--257},
  year={1989},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@article{grosz:etal:95,
  title={{Centering: A Framework for Modeling the Local Coherence of
                  Discourse}},
  author={Barbara J. Grosz and Scott Weinstein and Aravind K. Joshi},
  journal={Computational Linguistics},
  volume={21},
  number={2},
  pages={203--225},
  issn={0891-2017},
  year={1995}
}

@phdthesis{gryllia:09,
  title={{On the Nature of Preverbal Focus in Greek: a Theoretical and
                  Experimental Approach}},
  author={Styliani Gryllia},
  year={2009},
  school={Leiden University}
}

@incollection{gundel:02,
  author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
  title={{Information Structure and the Use of Cleft Sentences in
                  English and Norwegian}},
  booktitle={Information Structure in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective},
  editor={H. Hasselgrd and S. Johansson and B. Behrens and
                  C. Fabricius-Hansen},
  publisher={Rodopi},
  address={Amsterdam},
  pages={113--128},
  year={2002}
}

@inproceedings{gundel:03,
  title = {{Information Structure and Referential Givenness/Newness:
                  How Much Belongs in the Grammar?}},
  author = {Jeanette K. Gundel},
  pages = {122--142},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2003
}

@article{gundel:77,
  title={{Where Do Cleft Sentences Come From?}},
  author={Gundel, Jeanette K},
  journal={Language},
  volume={53},
  number={3},
  pages={543--559},
  year={1977},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@book{gundel:83,
   author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
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   address={New York, NY},
   year={1983}
}

@article{gundel:85,
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  year={1985}
}

@article{gundel:88,
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  year={1988},
  publisher={Amsterdam: John Benjamins}
}

@incollection{gundel:99,
   author={Gundel, Jeanette K.},
   title={{On Different Kinds of Focus}},
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                  Perspectives},
   editor={Peter Bosch and Rob van der Sandt},
   publisher={Cambridge University Press},
   address={Cambridge, UK},
   pages={293--305},
   year={1999}
}

@article{gundel:etal:93,
  title={{Cognitive Status and the Form of Referring Expressions in
                  Discourse}},
  author={Jeanette K. Gundel and Nancy Hedberg and Ron Zacharski},
  journal={Language},
  volume={69},
  number={2},
  pages={274--307},
  year={1993},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@incollection{gundel:fretheim:04,
  title={{Topic and Focus}},
  author={Gundel, Jeanette K and Fretheim, Thorstein},
  booktitle={The Handbook of Pragmatics},
  editor={Laurence Horn and Gergory Ward},
  pages={175--196},
  year={2004},
  publisher={Blackwell Publishing Ltd.}
}

@book{gunji:87,
  title={{Japanese Phrase Structure Grammar: a Unification-Based
                  Approach}},
  author={Gunji, Takao},
  year={1987},
  publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers Group}
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@phdthesis{gunlogson:01,
  title={{True to Form: Rising and Falling Declaratives as Questions
                  in English}},
  author={Christine Gunlogson},
  school={University of California at Santa Cruz},
  year={2001}
}

@incollection{gussenhoven:07,
   author={Carlos Gussenhoven},
   title={{Types of Focus in English}},
   booktitle={Topic and Focus: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on
                  Meaning and Intonation},
   editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel B\'{u}ring},
   publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
   address={Dordrecht},
   pages={83--100},
   year={2007}
}

@incollection{gussenhoven:99,
  title={{On the Limits of Focus Projection in English}},
   author={Carlos Gussenhoven},
  booktitle={Focus: Linguistic, Cognitive, and Computational
                   Perspectives},
  editor={Peter Bosch and Rob van der Sandt},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  pages={43--55},
  year={1999}
}

@book{gutierrez:06,
  title={{Structural Markedness and Syntactic Structure}},
  author={Gutierrez-Bravo, Rodrigo},
  year={2006},
  address={New York/London},
  publisher={Routledge}
}

@article{haegeman:03,
  title={{Conditional Clauses: External and Internal Syntax}},
  author={Haegeman, Liliane},
  journal={Mind \& Language},
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  number={4},
  pages={317--339},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Wiley Online Library}
}

@inproceedings{haegeman:04,
  title={{Topicalization, CLLD and the Left Periphery}},
  author={Haegeman, Liliane},
  booktitle={ZAS Papers in Linguistics 35: Proceedings of the
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  pages={157--192},
  year={2004}
}

@incollection{haegeman:09,
  title={{Parenthetical Adverbials: The Radical Orphanage Approach}},
  author={Haegeman, Liliane},
  booktitle={Conference on Dislocated Elements in Discourse},
  editor={Shaer Benjamin and Cook Philippa and Frey Werner and
                  Maienborn Claudia},
  pages={331--347},
  year={2009},
  address={London},
  publisher={Routledge}
}

@article{haiman:78,
  title={{Conditionals are Topics}},
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  number={3},
  pages={564--589},
  year={1978},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@book{haiman:85,
  title={{Natural Syntax: Iconicity and Erosion}},
  author={Haiman, John},
  year={1985},
  address ={Cambridge},
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@incollection{haiman:98,
  title={{Hua (Papuan)}},
  author={Haiman, John},
  pages={539--562},
  booktitle={The Handbook of Morphology},
  editor={Spencer, Andrew and Zwicky, Arnold M},
  publisher={Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  year={1998}
}

@inproceedings{haji:03,
  title = {{A Constraint-Based Approach to Information Structure and
                  Prosody Correspondence}},
  author = {Haji-Abdolhosseini, Mohammad},
  pages = {143--162},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2003
}

@article{halliday:67,
  title={{Notes on Transitivity and Theme in English: Part 2}},
  author={Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirkwood},
  journal={Journal of Linguistics},
  volume={3},
  number={2},
  pages={199--244},
  year={1967}
}

@book{halliday:70,
  title={{A Course in Spoken English: Intonation}},
  author={Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirkwood},
  year={1970},
  address = {Oxford},
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@phdthesis{han:06a,
  title={{Korean Zero Pronouns: Analysis and Resolution}},
  author={Han, Na-Rae},
  year={2006},
  school={University of Pennsylvania}
}

@article{han:06b,
  title={{Variation in Form-Meaning Mapping between Korean and English
                  Counterfactuals}},
  author={Han, Chung-hye},
  journal={Journal of East Asian Linguistics},
  volume={15},
  number={2},
  pages={167--193},
  year={2006},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@article{han:hedberg:08,
  title={{Syntax and Semantics of \textit{it}-clefts: a Tree Adjoining
                  Grammar Analysis}},
  author={Han, Chung-Hye and Hedberg, Nancy},
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  number={4},
  pages={345--380},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Oxford Univ Press}
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@inproceedings{hangyo:etal:13,
  author    = {Masatsugu Hangyo and Daisuke Kawahara and Sadao Kurohashi },
  title     = {{Japanese Zero Reference Resolution Considering
                  Exophora and Author/Reader Mentions}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods
                  in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages     = {9241--934}
}

@incollection{hartmann:zimmermann:07,
  title={{Exhaustivity Marking in Hausa: A Reanalysis of the Particle
                  \textit{nee}/\textit{cee}}},
  author={Katharina Hartmann and Malte Zimmermann},
  booktitle={Focus Strategies in African Languages: The Interaction of
                  Focus and Grammar in Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic},
  editor={Aboh, Enoch Olad{\'e} and Hartmann, Katharina and Zimmermann, Malte},
  pages={241--263},
  year={2007},
  address={Berlin},
  publisher={Moutin de Gruyter}
}

@article{hasada:97,
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  journal={Language Sciences},
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  number={3},
  pages={277--288},
  year={1997},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@phdthesis{hasegawa:11,
  title={{The Semantics and Pragmatics of Japanese Focus Particles}},
  author={Akio Hasegawa},
  school={State University of New York at Buffalo},
  year={2011}
}

@inproceedings{hasegawa:koenig:11,
  title = {{Focus Particles, Secondary Meanings, and Lexical Resource
                  Semantics: The Case of Japanese \textit{shika}}},
  author = {Akio Hasegawa and Jean-Pierre Koenig},
  pages = {81--101},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2011
}

@inproceedings{haugereid:bond:11,
  title={{Extracting Transfer Rules for Multiword Expressions from Parallel Corpora}},
  author={Haugereid, Petter and Bond, Francis},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Multiword Expressions: from Parsing and Generation to the Real World},
  pages={92--100},
  year={2011},
  organization={Association for Computational Linguistics}
}

@book{hawkins:towell:10,
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  author={Hawkins, Roger and Towell, Richard},
  year={2010},
  address={New York, NY},
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}

@incollection{hedberg:06,
  title={{Topic-Focus Controversies}},
  author={Hedberg, Nancy},
  booktitle={The Architecture of Focus},
  editor={Val\'{e}ria Moln\'{a}r, Susanne Winkler},
  publisher={Walter de Gruyter},
  pages={373-397},
  address={Berlin},
  year={2006}
}

@incollection{hedberg:sosa:07,
   author={Hedberg, Nancy and Juan M. Sosa},
   title={{The Prosody of Topic and Focus in Spontaneous English
                  Dialogue}},
   booktitle={Topic and Focus: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on
                  Meaning and Intonation},
   editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel B\'{u}ring},
   publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
   address={Dordrecht},
   pages={101--120},
   year={2007}
}

@book{heim:kratzer:98,
  title={{Semantics in Generative Grammar}},
  author={Heim, Irene and Kratzer, Angelika},
  year={1998},
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@inproceedings{hellan:05,
  author = {Lars Hellan},
  title = {{Implementing Norwegian Reflexives in an HPSG Grammar}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
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  year = {2005},
  address = {Stanford},
  pages = {519--539},
  address={Lisbon},
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@incollection{heycock:07,
  title={{Embedded Root Phenomena}},
  author={Heycock, Caroline},
  booktitle={The Blackwell Companion to Syntax},
  editor={Martin Everaert and Henk van Riemsdijk},
  pages={174--209},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Wiley Online Library}
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@inproceedings{heycock:94,
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  year={1994}
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@article{hiraiwa:ishihara:02,
  title={{Missing links: Cleft, Sluicing, and ``\textit{No da}''
                  Construction in Japanese}},
  author={Hiraiwa, Ken and Ishihara, Shinichiro},
  journal={MIT Working Papers in Linguistics},
  volume={43},
  pages={35--54},
  year={2002}
}

@inproceedings{hong:cha:08,
  title={{A New Korean Morphological Analyzer using the
                  \textit{Eojeol} Pattern Dictionary}},
  author={Jeen-Pyo Hong and Jeong-Won Cha},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the KCC08},
  year={2008}
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@article{hooper:thompson:73,
  title={{On the Applicability of Root Transformations}},
  author={Joan Hooper and Sandra Thompson},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
  volume={4},
  number={4},
  pages={465--497},
  year={1973},
  publisher={JSTOR}
}

@phdthesis{huang:82,
  title={{Logical Relations in Chinese and the Theory of Grammar}},
  author={Huang, C.-T. James},
  year={1982},
  school={Massachusetts Institute of Technology}
}

@article{huang:84,
  title={{On the Distribution and Reference of Empty Pronouns}},
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  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
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@book{huang:etal:09,
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  year={2009},
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}

@article{iatridou:00,
  title={{The Grammatical Ingredients of Counterfactuality}},
  author={Sabine Iatridou},
  journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
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  number={2},
  pages={231--270},
  year={2000}
}

@phdthesis{iatridou:91,
  title={{Topics in Conditionals}},
  author={Iatridou, Sabine},
  year={1991},
  school={Massachusetts Institute of Technology}
}

@article{icssever:03,
  title={{Information Structure in Turkish: the Word Order-Prosody
                  Interface}},
  author={{\.I}{\c{s}}sever, Sel{\c{c}}uk},
  journal={Lingua},
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  number={11},
  pages={1025--1053},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{ishihara:01,
   title={{Stress, Focus, and Scrambling in Japanese}},
   author={Ishihara, Shinichiro},
   journal={MIT Working Papers in Linguistics},
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   year={2001}
}

@book{jackendoff:72,
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@article{jacobs:01,
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  number={4},
  pages={641--681},
  year={2001}
}

@book{jacobs:05,
  title={{Yiddish: A Linguistic Introduction}},
  author={Neil G. Jacobs},
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@phdthesis{jiang:91,
  title={{Some Aspects of the Syntax of Topic and Subject in
                  Chinese}},
  author={Jiang, Zixin},
  year={1991},
  school={University of Chicago}
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@article{johansson:01,
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                  Translations}},
  author={Johansson, Mats},
  journal={Linguistics},
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  year={2001},
  publisher={de Gruyter}
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@incollection{joshi:schabes:97,
  title={{Tree-Adjoining Grammars}},
  author={Joshi, Aravind K. and Schabes, Yves},
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  pages={69--123},
  year={1997},
  editor={Grzegorz Rozenberg and Arto Salomaa},
  address={Berlin},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@incollection{jun:14,
  title={{Focus, Topic, and Contrast}},
  author={Young Chul Jun},
  booktitle={The Handbook of Korean Linguistics},
  editor={Lucien Brown and Jaehoon Yeon},
  year={forthcoming},
  publisher={Wiley-Blackwell}
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@article{jun:etal:07,
   author={Jun, Sun-Ah and Hee-Sun Kim and Hyuck-Joon Lee and Jong-Bok
                  Kim},
   title={{An Experimental Study on the Effect of Argument Structure
                  on VP Focus}},
   journal={UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics },
   volume={105},
   pages={66--84},
   year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{jun:lee:98,
   author={Jun, Sun-Ah and Hyuck-Joon Lee},
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   booktitle={International Conference on Spoken Language Processing},
   address={Sydney, Australia},
   pages={1295--1298},
   year={1998}
}

@book{kadmon:01,
  title={{Formal Pragmatics}},
  author={Kadmon, Nirit},
  year={2001},
  address={Malden, MA},
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@phdthesis{kahnemuyipour:04,
  title={{The Syntax of Sentential Stress}},
  author={Kahnemuyipour, Arsalan},
  year={2004},
  school={University of Toronto}
}

@incollection{kaiser:09,
  title={{Investigating Effects of Structural and
                  Information-structural Factors on Pronoun
                  Resolution}},
  author={Kaiser, Elsi},
  booktitle={Information Structure: Theoretical, Typological, and
                  Experimental Perspectives},
  editor={Malte Zimmermann and Caroline F\'{e}ry},
  address = {Oxford, UK},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  pages={332--354},
  year={2009}
}

@book{kamp:reyle:93,
  title={{From Discourse to Logic}},
  author={Hans Kamp and Uwe Reyle},
  year={1993},
  address={London},
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@inproceedings{karvovskaya:11,
  title={{Focus Particles in Endangered Languages}},
  author={Lena Karvovskaya},
  booktitle={Proceedings of Conference on Language Documentation and
                  Linguistic Theory 3},
  address={School of Oriental and African Studies, London},
  year={2011}
}

@book{kayne:94,
  title={{The Antisymmetry of Syntax}},
  author={Kayne, Richard S.},
  year={1994},
  address={Cambridge, MA},
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@incollection{kibrik:98,
  title={{Archi (Caucasian -- Daghestanian)}},
  author={Kibrik, Aleksandr E.},
  pages={455--476},
  booktitle={The Handbook of Morphology},
  editor={Spencer, Andrew and Zwicky, Arnold M},
  publisher={Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  year={1998}
}

@book{kiefer:67,
   author={Ferenc Kiefer},
   title={{On Emphasis and Word Order in Hungarian}},
   publisher={Indiana University Press},
   address={Bloomington},
   year={1967}
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@incollection{kihm:99,
  title={{Focus in Wolof}},
  author={Kihm, Alain},
  booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
  editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
  pages={245--273},
  year={1999},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company}
}

@article{kim:06,
  title={{Minimal Recursion Semantics: An Application into Korean}},
  author={Jong-Bok Kim},
  journal={The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal},
  volume={14},
  number={2},
  pages={59--85},
  year={2006}
}

@article{kim:07,
  title={{Syntax and Semantics of English It-Cleft Constructions: A
                  Constraint-Based Analysis}},
  author={Jong-Bok Kim},
  journal={Studies in Modern Grammar},
  volume={48},
  pages={217--235},
  year={2007}
}

@article{kim:11,
  title={{An Empirical Study of Postposing Constructions in Korean}},
  author={Kim, Taeho},
  journal={Linguistic Research},
  volume={28},
  number={1},
  pages={223--238},
  year={2011}
}

@inproceedings{kim:11b,
  title = {{Floating Numeral Classifiers in Korean: A
                  Thematic-Structure Perspective}},
  author = {Jong-Bok Kim},
  pages = {302--313},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2011
}

@article{kim:12a,
  title={{On the Syntax of the It-Cleft Construction: A
                  Construction-based Perspective}},
  author={Jong-Bok Kim},
  journal={Linguistic Research},
  volume={29},
  number={1},
  pages={45--68},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Kyung Hee University}
}

@article{kim:12b,
  title={How is `Contrast' Imposed on -\textit{Nun}?},
  author={Kim, Jieun},
  journal={Language and Information},
  volume={16},
  number={1},
  pages={1--24},
  year={2012}
}

@article{kim:12c,
  title={{Form and Function Mismatch in the English Appositional
                  Construction}},
  author={Jong-Bok Kim},
  journal={Language Research},
  volume={48},
  number={3},
  pages={1--23},
  year={2012}
}

@article{kim:etal:06,
 author={Jong-Bok Kim and Peter Sells and Jaehyung Yang},
 title={{A Computational Implementation of Internally Headed Relative
                  Clause Constructions}},
 journal={Lecture Notes in Artifical Intelligence},
 volume={4139},
 pages={24--31},
 year=2006
}

@article{kim:etal:11,
  title={{Deep Processing of Korean and the Development of the Korean
                  Resource Grammar}},
  author={Jong-Bok Kim and Jaehyung Yang and Sanghoun Song and Francis
                  Bond},
  journal={Linguistic Research},
  volume={28},
  number={3},
  pages={635--672},
  year={2011}
}

@incollection{kim:park:00,
   author={Jong-Bok Kim and Byung-Soo Park},
   title={{Grammatical Interfaces in Korean Relatives}},
   booktitle={Grammatical Interfaces in HPSG},
   editor={Ronnie Cann and Claire Grover and Philip Miller},
   publisher={CSLI Publications},
   address={Stanford, CA},
   pages={153--168},
   year={2000}
}

@inproceedings{kim:sells:07,
  title = {{Two Types of Multiple Nominative Construction: A
                  Constructional Approach}},
  author = {Jong-Bok Kim and Peter Sells},
  pages = {364--372},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2007
}

@book{kim:sells:08,
  title={{English Syntax: An Introduction}},
  author={Kim, Jong-Bok and Sells, Peter},
  year={2008},
  address={Stanford, CA},
  publisher={CSLI publications}
}

@article{kim:yang:04,
 author={Kim, Jong-Bok and Yang, Jaehyung},
 title={{Projections from Morphology to Syntax in the {K}orean
                  {R}esource {G}rammar: Implementing Typed Feature
                  Structures}},
 journal={Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
 volume={2945},
 pages={13--24},
 year=2004
}

@article{kim:yang:09,
  title={{Processing Three Types of Korean Cleft Constructions in a
                  Typed Feature Structure Grammar}},
  author={Kim, Jong-Bok and Jaehyung Yang},
  journal={Korean Journal of Cognitive Science},
  volume={20},
  number={1},
  pages={1--28},
  year={2009}
}

@book{king:95,
  title={{Configuring Topic and Focus in Russian}},
  author={Tracy Holloway King},
  year={1995},
  address={Stanford, CA},
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@inproceedings{king:97,
  title={{Focus Domains and Information-Structure}},
  author={Tracy Holloway King},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the LFG97 Conference},
  year={1997},
  editor = {Butt Miriam and Tracy Holloway King},
  address = {University of California, San Diego}
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@inproceedings{king:zaenen:04,
  title={{F-structures, Information Structure, and Discourse
                  Structure}},
  author={King, Tracy Holloway and Zaenen, Annie},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the LFG04 Conference},
  year={2004},
  editor = {Butt Miriam and Tracy Holloway King},
  address = {University of Canterbury, New Zealand},
  url={http://csli-publications.stanford.edu/LFG/9/lfg04kingzaenen-abs.html}
}

@article{kiparsky:05,
  title={{Blocking and Periphrasis in Inflectional Paradigms}},
  author={Kiparsky, Paul},
  journal={Yearbook of Morphology 2004},
  pages={113--135},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@article{kiss:98,
  title={{Identificational Focus versus Information Focus}},
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  journal={Language},
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  pages={245--273},
  year={1998},
  publisher={JSTOR}
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@article{kiss:99,
  title={{The English Cleft Construction as a Focus Phrase}},
  author={\'{E}. Kiss, Katalin},
  journal={Boundaries of Morphology and Syntax},
  pages={217--229},
  year={1999}
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@book{kizu:05,
  title={{Cleft Constructions in Japanese Syntax}},
  author={Kizu, Mika},
  year={2005},
  address={New York, NY},
  publisher={Palgrave Macmillan}
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@incollection{klein:00,
   author={Klein, Ewan},
   title={{Prosodic Constituency in HPSG}},
   booktitle={Grammatical Interfaces in HPSG},
   editor={Ronnie Cann and Claire Grover and Philip Miller},
   publisher={CSLI Publications},
   address={Stanford, CA},
   pages={169--200},
   year={2000}
}

@inproceedings{ko:08,
  title = {{Korean Postpositions as Weak Syntactic Heads}},
  author = {Kil Soo Ko},
  pages = {131--151},
  editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on
                  Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar},
  address = {Stanford, CA},
  publisher = {CSLI Publications},
  year = 2008
}

@inproceedings{koehn:05,
  title={{Europarl: A Parallel Corpus for Statistical Machine
                  Translation}},
  author={Koehn, Philipp},
  booktitle={MT summit},
  address = {Phuket, Thailand},
  year={2005}
}

@phdthesis{komagata:99,
  title={{A Computational Analysis of Information Structure Using
                  Parallel Expository Texts in English and Japanese}},
  author={Nobo N. Komagata},
  year={1999},
  school={University of Pennsylvania}
}

@inproceedings{kong:ng:13,
  author    = {Fang Kong and Hwee Tou Ng},
  title     = {{Exploiting Zero Pronouns to Improve Chinese
                  Coreference Resolution}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods
                  in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2013},
  address   = {Seattle, WA, USA},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages     = {278--288}
}

@incollection{kratzer:95,
  title={{Stage-level and Individual-level Predicates}},
  author={Kratzer, Angelika},
  booktitle={The Generic Book},
  editor={Gregory N. Carlson and Francis Jeffry Pelletier},
  pages={125--175},
  year={1995},
  address={Chicago},
  publisher={University of Chicago Press}
}

@techreport{krieger:schafer:94,
  title={{TDL - a Type Description Language for HPSG}},
  author={Krieger, Hans-Ulrich and Sch{\"a}fer, Ulrich},
  year={1994},
  institution={Deutsches Forschungszentrum f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche
                  Intelligenz GmbH (RR-94-37)}
}

@article{krifka:08,
  title={{Basic Notions of Information Structure}},
  author={Krifka, Manfred},
  journal={Acta Linguistica Hungarica},
  volume={55},
  number={3},
  pages={243--276},
  issn={1216-8076},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Akad{\'e}miai Kiad{\'o}}
}

@incollection{krifka:92,
  title={{A Compositional Semantics for Multiple Focus
                  Constructions}},
  author={Krifka, Manfred},
  year={1992},
  editor = {Joachim Jacobs},
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}

@book{kroeger:04,
  title={{Analyzing Syntax: a Lexical-Functional Approach}},
  author={Paul R. Kroeger},
  year={2004},
  address = {Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@article{kugler:etal:07,
  title={{Encoding Information Structure in Yucatec Maya: on the
                  Interplay of Prosody and Syntax}},
  author={K{\"u}gler, Frank and Skopeteas, Stavros and Verhoeven,
                  Elisabeth},
  journal={Interdisciplinary Studies on Information Structure},
  volume={8},
  pages={187--208},
  year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{kuhn:96,
  title={{An Underspecified {HPSG} Representation for Information
                  Structure}},
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  booktitle={Proceedings of the 16th conference on Computational
                  Linguistics},
  volume={2},
  pages={670--675},
  year={1996},
  organization={Association for Computational Linguistics}
}

@book{kuno:73,
  title={{The Structure of the Japanese Language}},
  author={Susumu Kuno},
  year={1973},
  address={Cambridge, MA},
  publisher={The MIT Press}
}

@incollection{kuno:76,
   author={Susumu Kuno},
   title={{Subject, Theme and Speaker's Empathy: A Reexamination of
                  Relativization Phenomena}},
   booktitle={Subject and Topic},
   editor={Charles N. Li},
   publisher={Academic Press},
   address={New York, NY},
   pages={417--444},
   year={1976}
}

@article{kuroda:72,
  title={{The Categorical and the Thetic Judgment: Evidence from
                  Japanese Syntax}},
  author={S.-Y. Kuroda},
  journal={Foundations of Language},
  volume={9},
  number={2},
  pages={153--185},
  year={1972}
}

@article{lambrecht:01,
  title={{A Framework for the Analysis of Cleft Constructions}},
  author={Lambrecht, Knud},
  journal={Linguistics},
  volume={39},
  number={3},
  pages={463--516},
  year={2001}
}

@phdthesis{lambrecht:86,
  title={{Topic, Focus, and the Grammar of Spoken French}},
  author={Lambrecht, Knud},
  year={1986},
  school={University of California, Berkeley}
}

@book{lambrecht:96,
  title={{Information Structure and Sentence Form: Topic, Focus, and
                  the Mental Representations of Discourse Referents}},
  author={Lambrecht, Knud},
  year={1996},
  address={Cambridge, UK},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@inproceedings{lasersohn:96,
  title={{Adnominal Conditionals}},
  author={Lasersohn, Peter},
  booktitle={Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory 6},
  pages={154--166},
  year={1996}
}

@book{lasnik:saito:94,
  title={{Move $\alpha$: Conditions on its Application and Output}},
  author={Lasnik, Howard and Saito, Mamoru},
  year={1994},
  address={Cambridge, MA},
  publisher={The MIT Press}
}

@article{law:03,
  title={{Right Dislocation in Cantonese as a Focus-Marking Device}},
  author={Law, Ann},
  year={2003},
  volume={15},
  pages={243--275},
  journal={UCL Working Papers in Linguistics}
}

@incollection{lecarme:99,
   title={{Focus in Somali}},
   author={Lecarme, Jacqueline},
   booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
   editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
   publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
   address={Amsterdam/Philadelphia},
   pages={1--22},
   year={1999}
}

@article{lee:03a,
  title={{Contrastive Topic and/or Contrastive Focus}},
  author={Lee, Chungmin},
  journal={Japanese/Korean Linguistics},
  volume={12},
  pages={352--364},
  year={2003a}
}

@incollection{lee:03b,
  title={{Contrastive Topic and Proposition Structure}},
  author={Lee, Chungmin},
  booktitle={Asymmetry in Grammar: Syntax and Semantics},
  editor={Anna Maria Di Sciullo},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
  address={Amsterdam/Philadelphia},
  pages={345--372},
  year={2003b}
}

@phdthesis{lee:04,
  title={{The Syntax and Semantics of Focus Particles}},
  author={Lee, Youngjoo},
  year={2004},
  school={Massachusetts Institute of Technology}
}

@incollection{lee:07,
   author={Lee, Chungmin},
   title={{Contrastive (Predicate) Topic, Intonation, and Scalar
                  Meanings}},
   booktitle={Topic and Focus: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on
                  Meaning and Intonation},
   editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel B{\"u}ring},
   publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
   address={Dordrecht},
   pages={151--175},
   year={2007}
}

@phdthesis{lee:96,
  title={{Conditionals as a Discourse-bound Entity: Pragmatics of
                  Korean Conditionals}},
  author={Lee, Chang-Bong},
  year={1996},
  school={University of Pennsylvania}
}

@book{levin:93,
  title={{English Verb Classes and Alternations: a Preliminary
                  Investigation}},
  author={Levin, Beth},
  year={1993},
  address={Chicago},
  publisher={University of Chicago Press}
}

@book{levin:hovav:05,
  title={{Argument Realization}},
  author={Levin, Beth and Hovav, Malka Rappaport},
  year={2005},
  address="Cambridge, UK",
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@article{lewis:00,
  title={{Causation as Influence}},
  author={Lewis, David},
  journal={The Journal of Philosophy},
  volume={97},
  number={4},
  pages={182-=197},
  year={2000}
}

@book{lewis:73a,
  title={Counterfactuals},
  author={Lewis, David},
  year={1973},
  address={Cambridge, MA},
  publisher={Harvard University Press}
}

@article{lewis:73b,
  title={{Causation}},
  author={Lewis, David},
  journal={The Journal of Philosophy},
  volume={70},
  number={17},
  pages={556--567},
  year={1973}
}

@phdthesis{li:09,
   author={Li, Kening},
   title={{The Information Structure of Mandarin Chinese: Syntax and
                  Prosody}},
   school={University of Washington},
   year={2009}
}

@incollection{li:thompson:76,
  title={{Subject and Topic: A New Typology of Language}},
  author={Li, Charles N. and Sandra Thompson},
  booktitle={Subject and Topic},
  editor={Charles N. Li},
  publisher={Academic Press},
  address={New York},
  pages={457--490},
  year={1976}
}

@article{lim:12,
  title={{Korean Particle `un/nun' and Their Syntagmatic, Paradigmatic
                  Relations [in Korean]}},
  author={Lim, Dong-Hoon},
  journal={Korean Linguistics},
  volume={64},
  pages={217--271},
  year={2012}
}

@article{liu:85,
  title={{Reasoning Counterfactually in Chinese: Are There Any Obstacles?}},
  author={Liu, Lisa Garbern},
  journal={Cognition},
  volume={21},
  number={3},
  pages={239--270},
  year={1985},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@incollection{loock:12,
   author={Loock, Rudy},
   title={{Appositive Relative Clauses and their Competing
                  Allostructures in English: An Information Packaging
                  Approach}},
   booktitle={Constraints in Discourse 3: Representing and Inferring
                  Discourse Structure},
   editor={Anton Benz and Manfred Stede and Peter K\"{u}hnlein},
   publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
   address={Amsterdam/Philadelphia},
   pages={207--226},
   year={2012}
}

@book{lopez:09,
  title={{A Derivational Syntax for Information Structure}},
  author={L{\'o}pez, Luis},
  year={2009},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  publisher={Oxford University Press}
}

@incollection{lunn:95,
  title={{The Evaluative Function of the Spanish Subjunctive}},
  author={Lunn, Patricia V},
  booktitle={Modality in Grammar and Discourse},
  editor={Uwe Reyle and Christian Rohrer},
  pages={429--449},
  year={1995},
  address={Amsterdam/Philadelphia},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing}
}

@book{macwhinney:00,
  title={{The CHILDES Project: Tools for Analyzing Talk}},
  author={MacWhinney, Brian},
  year={2000},
  address={Mahwah, NJ},
  publisher={Lawrence Erlbaum Associates}
}

@article{maki:etal:99,
  title={{Embedded Topicalization in English and Japanese}},
  author={Maki, Hideki and Kaiser, Lizanne and Ochi, Masao},
  journal={Lingua},
  volume={109},
  number={1},
  pages={1--14},
  year={1999}
}

@mastersthesis{man:07,
  title={{TOPIC and FOCUS in Cantonese: An OT-LFG Account}},
  author={Fung Suet Man},
  school={University of Hong Kong},
  year={2007}
}

@book{manandise:88,
  title={{Evidence from Basque for a New Theory of Grammar}},
  author={Manandise, Esm{\'e}ralda},
  year={1988},
  address={New York},
  publisher={Garland}
}

@article{marcus:etal:93,
  title={{Building a Large Annotated Corpus of English: The Penn
                  Treebank}},
  author={Marcus, Mitchell P and Marcinkiewicz, Mary Ann and
                  Santorini, Beatrice},
  journal={Computational Linguistics},
  volume={19},
  number={2},
  pages={313--330},
  year={1993},
  publisher={MIT Press}
}

@article{marimon:12,
  title={{The Spanish DELPH-IN Grammar}},
  author={Marimon, Montserrat},
  journal={Language Resources and Evaluation},
  volume={47},
  number={2},
  pages={371--397},
  year={2012},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{marimon:etal:07,
  title={{The Spanish Resource Grammar: pre-processing strategy and
                  lexical acquisition}},
  author={Montserrat Marimon and N\'{u}ria Bel and Sergio Espeja and
                  Natalia Seghezzi},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on Deep Linguistic
                  Processing},
  pages={105--111},
  year={2007},
  organization={Association for Computational Linguistics}
}

@inproceedings{matsui:99,
  title={{Approaches to Japanese Zero Pronouns: Centering and
                  Relevance}},
  author={Matsui, Tomoko},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop on the Relation of
                  Discourse/Dialogue Structure and Reference},
  pages={11--20},
  year={1999}
}

@techreport{matsumoto:etal:99,
  title={{Japanese Morphological Analysis System ChaSen version 2.0
                  Manual}},
  author={Yuji Matsumoto and Akira Kitauchi and Tatsuo Yamashita and
                  Yoshitaka Hirano},
  institution={NAIST (NAIST-ISTR99009)},
  year={1999}
}

@article{mccoy:03,
  title={{Connecting Information Structure and Discourse Structure
                  through ``Kontrast'': The Case of Colloquial Russian
                  Particles-TO, {\v{Z}}E, and VED'}},
  author={McCoy, Svetlana},
  journal={Journal of Logic, Language and Information},
  volume={12},
  number={3},
  pages={319--335},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@incollection{mchombo:98,
  title={{Chichewa (Bantu)}},
  author={Mchombo, Sam A.},
  pages={500--520},
  booktitle={The Handbook of Morphology},
  editor={Spencer, Andrew and Zwicky, Arnold M},
  publisher={Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  year={1998}
}

@unpublished{megerdoomian:11,
   author={Karine Megerdoomian},
   title={{Focus and the Auxiliary in Eastern Armenian}},
   year={2011},
   note={Talk presented at the 37th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley
                  Linguistics Society (BLS), Special session on
                  Languages of the Caucasus}
}

@inproceedings{mendez:slabakova:11,
  title={{Pragmatic Consequences of P-movement and Focus Fronting in
                  L2 Spanish: Unraveling the Syntax-Discourse
                  Interface}},
  author={M{\'e}ndez, Tania Leal and Slabakova, Roumyana},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 11th Generative Approaches to Second
                  Language Acquisition Conference (GASLA 2011)},
  address={University of Washington},
  year={2011}
}

@incollection{mereu:09,
  title={{Universals of Information Structure}},
  author={Mereu, Lunella},
  booktitle={Information Structure and its Interfaces},
  editor={Lunella Mereu},
  publisher={Mouton de Gruyter},
  address={Berlin/New York},
  pages={75--104},
  year={2009}
}

@article{miller:sag:97,
  title={{French Clitic Movement without Clitics or Movement}},
  author={Philip H. Miller and Ivan A. Sag},
  journal={Natural Language \& Linguistic Theory},
  volume={15},
  number={3},
  pages={573--639},
  year={1997},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@article{mitkov:99,
  title={{Multilingual Anaphora Resolution}},
  author={Ruslan Mitkov},
  journal={Machine Translation},
  volume={14},
  number={3},
  pages={281--299},
  issn={0922-6567},
  year={1999},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{mitkov:etal:95,
  title={{Anaphora Resolution in Machine Translation}},
  author={Mitkov, Ruslan and Choi, Sung-Kwon and Sharp, Randall},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 6th International conference on
                  Theoretical and Methodological issues in Machine
                  Translation},
  year={1995}
}

@article{miyao:tsujii:08,
  title={{Feature Forest Models for Probabilistic HPSG Parsing}},
  author={Miyao, Yusuke and Tsujii, Jun'ichi},
  journal={Computational Linguistics},
  volume={34},
  number={1},
  pages={35--80},
  year={2008},
  publisher={MIT Press}
}

@incollection{molnar:02,
  author={Moln{\'a}r, Val{\'e}ria},
  title={{Contrast -- from a Contrastive Perspective}},
  booktitle={Information Structure in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective},
  editor={H. Hasselgrd and S. Johansson and B. Behrens and
                  C. Fabricius-Hansen},
  year={2002},
  address={Amsterdam, Netherland},
  pages={147--162},
  publisher={Rodopi}
}

@book{montgomery:08,
  title={{A Reference Grammar of Oklahoma Cherokee}},
  author={Montgomery-Anderson, Brad},
  year={2008},
  address={Ann Arbor, MI},
  publisher={ProQuest LLC}
}

@incollection{muravyova:98,
  title={{Chukchee (Paleo-Siberian)}},
  author={Muravyova, Irina A.},
  pages={521--538},
  booktitle={The Handbook of Morphology},
  editor={Spencer, Andrew and Zwicky, Arnold M},
  publisher={Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},
  address={Oxford, UK},
  year={1998}
}

@article{nagaya:07,
  title={{Information Structure and Constituent Order in Tagalog}},
  author={Nagaya, Naonori},
  journal={Language and Linguistics},
  volume={8},
  pages={343--372},
  year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{nakaiwa:shirai:96,
  title={{Anaphora Resolution of Japanese Zero Pronouns with Deictic
                  Reference}},
  author={Nakaiwa, Hiromi and Shirai, Satoshi},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Computational
                  Linguistics},
  pages={812--817},
  year={1996},
  organization={Association for Computational Linguistics}
}

@incollection{nakanishi:07,
  title={{Prosody and Information Structure in Japanese: A Case Study
                  of topic Marker wa}},
  author={Nakanishi, Kimiko},
  booktitle={Topic and Focus: Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on
                 Meaning and Intonation},
  editor={Chungmin Lee and Matthew Gordon and Daniel B{\"u}ring},
  publisher={Kluwer Academic Publishers},
  address={Dordrecht},
  pages={177--193},
  year={2007}
}

@article{neeleman:titov:09,
   author={Neeleman, Ad and Elena Titov},
   title={{Focus, Contrast, and Stress in Russian}},
   journal={Linguistic Inquiry},
   volume={40},
   number={3},
   pages={514--524},
   year={2009}
}

@book{nelson:etal:02,
  title={{Exploring Natural Language: Working with the British
                  Component of the International Corpus of English}},
  author={Nelson, Gerald and Wallis, Sean and Aarts, Bas},
  year={2002},
  address={Philadelphia},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Co. }
}

@phdthesis{nguyen:06,
  title={{Contrastive Topic in Vietnamese: with Reference to Korean}},
  author={Nguyen, Hoai Thu Ba},
  school={Seoul National University},
  year={2006}
}

@book{nichols:11,
  title={{Ingush Grammar}},
  author={Nichols, Johanna},
  year={2011},
  address="Berkeley, CA",
  publisher={University of California Press}
}

@article{nichols:etal:10,
  title={{Paraphrasing Training Data for Statistical Machine
                  Translation}},
  author={Eric Nichols and Francis Bond and Darren Scott Appling and
                  Yuji Matsumoto},
  journal={Journal of Natural Language Processing},
  volume={17},
  number={3},
  pages={101--122},
  year={2010}
}

@phdthesis{ning:93,
  title={{The Overt Syntax of Relativization and Topicalization in Chinese}},
  author={Ning, Chunyan},
  year={1993},
  school={University of California, Irvine}
}

@article{noh:09,
  title={{The Korean Conditional Markers {\it myen} and {\it tamyen}: Epistemicity vs. Modes of Language Use}},
  author={Eun-Ju Noh},
  journal={Journal of East Asian Linguistics},
  volume={18},
  number={1},
  pages={21--39},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@article{och:ney:03,
  title={{A Systematic Comparison of Various Statistical Alignment
                  Models}},
  author={Franz Josef Och and Hermann Ney},
  journal={Computational Linguistics},
  volume={29},
  number={1},
  pages={19--51},
  year={2003},
  publisher={The MIT Press}
}

@techreport{oepen:01,
  author = {Stephan Oepen},
  title = {{{\sf \lbrack incr tsdb()\rbrack} ---
            Competence and Performance Laboratory. {U}ser Manual}},
  institution = {Computational Linguistics, Saarland University},
  year = 2001
}

@article{oepen:etal:04,
  title={{LinGO Redwoods: A Rich and Dynamic Treebank for HPSG}},
  author={Oepen, Stephan and Dan Flickinger and Kristina Toutanova and
                  Christoper D. Manning},
  journal={Research on Language \& Computation},
  volume={2},
  number={4},
  pages={575--596},
  year={2004}
}

@inproceedings{oepen:etal:07,
  title={{Towards Hybrid Quality-Oriented Machine Translation -- On
                  Linguistics and Probabilities in MT}},
  author={Oepen, Stephan and Velldal, Erik and L{\o}nning, Jan T. and
                  Meurer, Paul and Ros{\'e}n, Victoria and Flickinger,
                  Dan},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on
                  Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine
                  Translation},
  address={Sk{\"o}vde, Sweden},
  year={2007}
}

@inproceedings{ogihara:00,
  title={{Counterfactuals, Temporal Adverbs, and Association with Focus}},
  author={Toshiyuki Ogihara},
  booktitle={Proceedings of SALT 10},
  pages={115--131},
  year={2000}
}

@article{ogihara:13,
  title={{Counterfactual Conditionals and Focus}},
  author={Toshiyuki Ogihara},
  journal={English Linguistics},
  volume={30},
  number={2},
  pages={509--539},
  year={2013}
}

@unpublished{ogihara:ms,
  title={{The Semantics of {\it -ta} in Japanese Future Conditionals (unpublished menuscript)}},
  author={Toshiyuki Ogihara},
  note={Department of Linguistics, University of Washington},
  year={forthcoming}
}

@inproceedings{ohtani:matsumoto:04,
  title={{Japanese Subjects and Information Structure: A
                  Constraint-based Approach}},
  author={Akira Ohtani and Yuji Matsumoto},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 18th Pacific Asia Conference on
                  Language, Information and Computation},
  pages={93--104},
  address={Tokyo, Japan},
  year={2004}
}

@incollection{osenova:11,
  author = {Petya Osenova},
  title = {{Localizing a Core HPSG-based Grammar for Bulgarian}},
  editor = {Hanna Hedeland and Thomas Schmidt and Kai Worner},
  booktitle = {Multilingual Resources and Multilingual Applications,
                  Proceedings of German Society for Computational
                  Linguistics and Language Technology (GSCL)},
  seriestitle = {Studies in Generative Grammar},  
  address = {Hamburg}, 
  year = 2011,
  pages = {175--180}
}

@inproceedings{oshima:08,
  title={{Morphological \textit{vs}. Phonological Contrastive Topic Marking}},
  author={Oshima, David Y.},
  booktitle={Proceedings of Chicago Linguistic Society (CLS) 41},
  pages={371--383},
  year={2008}
}

@inproceedings{oshima:09,
  title={{On the So-Called Thematic Use of \textit{Wa}: Reconsideration and
                  Reconciliation}},
  author={Oshima, David Y.},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 23rd Pacific Asia Conference on
                  Language, Information and Computation},
  pages={405--414},
  address={City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong},
  year={2009}
}

@incollection{ouhalla:99,
  title={{Focus and Arabic Clefts}},
  author={Ouhalla, Jamal},
  booktitle={The Grammar of Focus},
  editor={Georges Rebuschi and Laurice Tuller},
  publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
  address={Amsterdam/Philadelphia},
  pages={335--359},
  year={1999}
}

@article{paggio:09,
  title={{The Information Structure of {Danish} Grammar
                  Constructions}},
  author={Paggio, Patrizia},
  journal={Nordic Journal of Linguistics},
  volume={32},
  number={01},
  pages={137--164},
  year={2009},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@incollection{paggio:12,
  title={{Towards an Empirically-based Grammar of Speech and Gestures}},
  author={Paggio, Patrizia},
  booktitle={Prosody and Embodiment in Interactional Grammar},
  editor={Pia Bergmann and Jana Brenning and Martin Pfeiffer and
                  Elisabeth Reber},
  pages={281--314},
  year={2012},
  address={Berlin/Boston},
  publisher={De Gruyter}
}

@phdthesis{paggio:96,
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@msthesis{pozen:13,
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@incollection{roberts:11,
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@phdthesis{rooth:85,
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@book{sohn:01,
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@phdthesis{song:14,
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@phdthesis{song:14-tmp,
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@inproceedings{song:bender:11,
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@inproceedings{song:bender:12,
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@inproceedings{song:bond:09a,
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@inproceedings{song:etal:10,
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@article{steedman:00,
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   year={2007}
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@phdthesis{szendroi:01,
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  year={2001},
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@article{szendroi:99,
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@article{tamrazian:91,
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@phdthesis{tamrazian:94,
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  author={Tamrazian, Armine},
  year={1994},
  school={University College London}
}

@book{tang:79,
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@article{taylor:07,
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@inproceedings{toutanova:etal:08,
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  pages={514--522},
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@inproceedings{traat:bos:04,
  title={{Unificational Combinatory Categorial Grammar: Combining
                  Information Structure and Discourse
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  author={Maarika Traat and Johan Bos},
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@book{tragut:09,
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@phdthesis{truckenbrodt:95,
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                  Prominence}},
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  year={1995}
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@article{ueyama:jun:98,
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@incollection{urbina:99,
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}

@book{valentine:01,
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  year={2001},
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@phdthesis{vallduvi:90,
  title={{The Informational Component}},
  author={Vallduv{\'i}, Enric},
  school={University of Pennsylvania},
  year={1990}
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@incollection{vallduvi:92,
  title={{Focus Constructions in Catalan}},
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@article{vallduvi:vilkuna:98,
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  publisher={Academic Press}
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@book{van:05,
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