diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index ae7fd53a84..5e9a284008 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 ## Master (Unreleased)
 
+- Add configuration option `CustomTransformPatterns` to `RSpec/SpecFilePathFormat`. ([@ydah])
+
 ## 2.24.0 (2023-09-08)
 
 - Split `RSpec/FilePath` into `RSpec/SpecFilePathSuffix` and `RSpec/SpecFilePathFormat`. `RSpec/FilePath` cop is enabled by default, the two new cops are pending and need to be enabled explicitly. ([@ydah])
diff --git a/config/default.yml b/config/default.yml
index c648545862..f6be99e384 100644
--- a/config/default.yml
+++ b/config/default.yml
@@ -866,10 +866,12 @@ RSpec/SpecFilePathFormat:
   CustomTransform:
     RuboCop: rubocop
     RSpec: rspec
+  CustomTransformPatterns: {}
   IgnoreMethods: false
   IgnoreMetadata:
     type: routing
   VersionAdded: '2.24'
+  VersionChanged: "<<next>>"
   Reference: https://www.rubydoc.info/gems/rubocop-rspec/RuboCop/Cop/RSpec/SpecFilePathFormat
 
 RSpec/SpecFilePathSuffix:
diff --git a/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/cops_rspec.adoc b/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/cops_rspec.adoc
index 58de73def9..7cea77044c 100644
--- a/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/cops_rspec.adoc
+++ b/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/cops_rspec.adoc
@@ -5121,7 +5121,7 @@ it 'works', :a, :b, baz: true, foo: 'bar'
 | Yes
 | No
 | 2.24
-| -
+| <<next>>
 |===
 
 Checks that spec file paths are consistent and well-formed.
@@ -5149,6 +5149,24 @@ rubocop_spec.rb          # describe RuboCop
 rspec_spec.rb            # describe RSpec
 ----
 
+==== `CustomTransformPatterns: {}` (default)
+
+[source,ruby]
+----
+# bad
+rspec_spec.rb            # describe RSpec
+rspec_class_spec.rb      # describe RSpecClass
+----
+
+==== `CustomTransformPatterns: {RSpec=>rspec}`
+
+[source,ruby]
+----
+# good
+rspec_spec.rb            # describe RSpec
+rspec_class_spec.rb      # describe RSpecClass
+----
+
 ==== `IgnoreMethods: false` (default)
 
 [source,ruby]
@@ -5190,6 +5208,10 @@ whatever_spec.rb         # describe MyClass, type: :routing do; end
 | `{"RuboCop"=>"rubocop", "RSpec"=>"rspec"}`
 | 
 
+| CustomTransformPatterns
+| `{}`
+| 
+
 | IgnoreMethods
 | `false`
 | Boolean
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/spec_file_path_format.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/spec_file_path_format.rb
index 25f2d3e4dc..4a18116012 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/spec_file_path_format.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/spec_file_path_format.rb
@@ -20,6 +20,16 @@ module RSpec
       #   rubocop_spec.rb          # describe RuboCop
       #   rspec_spec.rb            # describe RSpec
       #
+      # @example `CustomTransformPatterns: {}` (default)
+      #   # bad
+      #   rspec_spec.rb            # describe RSpec
+      #   rspec_class_spec.rb      # describe RSpecClass
+      #
+      # @example `CustomTransformPatterns: {RSpec=>rspec}`
+      #   # good
+      #   rspec_spec.rb            # describe RSpec
+      #   rspec_class_spec.rb      # describe RSpecClass
+      #
       # @example `IgnoreMethods: false` (default)
       #   # bad
       #   my_class_spec.rb         # describe MyClass, '#method'
@@ -100,11 +110,19 @@ def expected_path(constant)
 
           File.join(
             constants.map do |name|
+              pattern, transformed = transformed_pattern(name)
+              name.gsub!(pattern, transformed) if transformed
               custom_transform.fetch(name) { camel_to_snake_case(name) }
             end
           )
         end
 
+        def transformed_pattern(name)
+          custom_transform_patterns.find do |pattern, _|
+            name.include?(pattern)
+          end
+        end
+
         def camel_to_snake_case(string)
           string
             .gsub(/([^A-Z])([A-Z]+)/, '\1_\2')
@@ -116,6 +134,10 @@ def custom_transform
           cop_config.fetch('CustomTransform', {})
         end
 
+        def custom_transform_patterns
+          cop_config.fetch('CustomTransformPatterns', {})
+        end
+
         def ignore_methods?
           cop_config['IgnoreMethods']
         end
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/rspec/spec_file_path_format_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/rspec/spec_file_path_format_spec.rb
index 8b1dcc3e09..c0ae8ee698 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cop/rspec/spec_file_path_format_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/rspec/spec_file_path_format_spec.rb
@@ -299,12 +299,40 @@ class Foo
     end
   end
 
-  context 'when configured with `CustomTransform: { "FooFoo" => "foofoo" }`' do
-    let(:cop_config) { { 'CustomTransform' => { 'FooFoo' => 'foofoo' } } }
+  context 'when configured with `CustomTransform: { "RSpec" => "rspec" }`' do
+    let(:cop_config) { { 'CustomTransform' => { 'RSpec' => 'rspec' } } }
+    let(:suffix) { 'foo/some/r_spec_foo*bar*_spec.rb' }
 
-    it 'does not register an offense for custom module name transformation' do
-      expect_no_global_offenses(<<-RUBY, 'foofoo/some/class/bar_spec.rb')
-        describe FooFoo::Some::Class, '#bar' do; end
+    it 'registers an offense when not an exact match to custom ' \
+       'module name transformation' do
+      expect_global_offense(<<-RUBY, 'foo/some/rspec_foo/bar_spec.rb', message)
+        describe Foo::Some::RSpecFoo, '#bar' do; end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'does not register an offense when an exact match to custom ' \
+       'module name transformation' do
+      expect_no_global_offenses(<<-RUBY, 'rspec/some/foo/bar_spec.rb')
+        describe RSpec::Some::Foo, '#bar' do; end
+      RUBY
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'when configured with `CustomTransformPatterns: ' \
+          '{ "RSpec" => "rspec" }`' do
+    let(:cop_config) { { 'CustomTransformPatterns' => { 'RSpec' => 'rspec' } } }
+
+    it 'does not register an offense when not an exact match to custom ' \
+       'module name transformation' do
+      expect_no_global_offenses(<<-RUBY, 'foo/some/rspec_foo/bar_spec.rb')
+        describe Foo::Some::RSpecFoo, '#bar' do; end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'does not register an offense when an exact match to custom ' \
+       'module name transformation' do
+      expect_no_global_offenses(<<-RUBY, 'rspec/some/foo/bar_spec.rb')
+        describe RSpec::Some::Foo, '#bar' do; end
       RUBY
     end
   end