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apu_flashing_ipxe.md

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PC Engines APUx flashing with iPXE usage

Intro

  • Name of used APUx serial console visible in PC: ttyUSB0
  • IP of used PXE server: 192.168.0.108

Requirements

  • Ethernet connection to the network
  • iPXE server has to be online and in the same network
  • PXE boot has to be enabled in SeaBIOS options
  • OS with installed flashrom
  • Serial connection between APUx and PC

Flashing procedure

  1. Open APUx serial console. You can use minicom to do that. Parameters of connection:

    • Baudrate: 115200
    • Data bits: 8
    • Parity: None
    • Stop bits: 1
    sudo minicom -b 115200 -o -D /dev/<name of APUx serial console visible in PC>

    E.g.

    sudo minicom -b 115200 -o -D /dev/ttyUSB0


2. Turn on APUx.

3. When following communicate appears:

	```
	Press F10 key now for boot menu, N for PXE boot
	```

	press `N` to enter to the PXE boot menu.

	```
	---------------- iPXE boot menu ----------------
	ipxe shell
	autoboot
	```

4. Select `ipxe shell`. You have to hurry because default option is `autoboot` and
	it will be selected after few seconds.

5. After successful running the ipxe shell the following prompt will appear

	```
	iPXE>
	```

	Now you have to type commands showed below:

	```
	dhcp net1
	set filename pxelinux.0
	set next-server 192.168.0.108
	chain tftp://${next-server}/${filename}
	```

	> The `X` number in `netX` interface can be different depending on the connector
	to which Ethernet is connected. If selected interface is connected to network
	information similar to the showed below should appear:

	```
	Configuring (net1 00:0d:b9:47:bb:e1).................. ok
	```
	> MAC address should be displayed. If there is no MAC address that means that
	there is no connection to the network for that interface.

	> IP placed next to `next-server` should be correct IP of used PXE server.
	> In case http server is used use http:// instead of tftp://

6. After few seconds PXE server boot menu  should appear:

	```
					lqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqk
					x         PXE server boot menu          x
					tqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqu
					x Install                               x
					x Debian-netboot                        x
					x Voyage-netinst                        x
					x                                       x
					x                                       x
					x                                       x
					x                                       x
					x                                       x
					x                                       x
					x                                       x
					x                                       x
					x                                       x
					mqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqj

							Press [Tab] to edit options
	```

	Select `Debian-netboot` because it's the only OS with installed `flashrom`
	available in PXE server boot menu when instruction is being written. After that
	OS booting should start.

	Number of OSes can be increased in the future.

	> When `Legacy Console Redirection` is turned on displayed characters are
	doubled. It's beacause iPXE is outputting data to the serial console and
	to the screen, which is emulated on serial console.

7. When a prompt similar to the shown below appears:

	```
	pcengines login:

	```

	Type `root` as login. Then next prompt should appear:

	```
	Password:
	```

	Type `root` as password to finish logging process.

	> Steps shown above can be automated using Robot Framework.

8. Now you can start flashing process. To flash firmware with `flashrom` usage
	type:

	##### APU1
	```
	flashrom -w <directory to ROM> -p internal -c "MX25L1605A/MX25L1606E/MX25L1608E"
	```

	##### APU2/3/4/5
	```
	flashrom -w <directory to ROM> -p internal
	```

	E.g. (APU2):

	```
	flashrom -w /tmp/coreboot.rom -p internal
	```

	After correct firmware flashing the following message should appear:

	```
	Reading old flash chip contents... done.
	Erasing and writing flash chip... Erase/write done.
	Verifying flash... VERIFIED.
	```

9. Now you can reboot the platform.

	> Sometimes after APUx flashing platform doesn't turn on after warm boot. In
	that situation cold boot is required.

	Sending ROM image to APUx device with `scp` usage
	-------------------------------------------------

	To send ROM image to device you can use `scp`.

	```
	cd <directory with ROM image>
	scp <ROM image> root@<IP of APUx to flash>:<directory to store ROM image on APUx>
	```

	E.g (APU2).:

	```
	cd /home/me/coreboot/build
	scp coreboot.rom [email protected]:/tmp
	```

	Then to flash APU2 type in the serial console:

	```
	cd
	flashrom -w /tmp/coreboot.rom -p internal
	```


Enabling PXE boot in SeaBIOS
----------------------------

1. Turn on APUx.

2. When the following prompt shows:

	```
	Press F10 key now for boot menu
	```

	Press `F10`.

3. Then menu similar to the showed below should appear:

	```
	Select boot device:

	1. Payload [setup]
	2. Payload [memtest]
	```

	Select `1. Payload [setup]` by pressing `1`.

4. Next menu will be showed:

	```
	### PC Engines apu2 setup v4.5.7 ###
	Boot order - type letter to move device to top.

	a USB 1 / USB 2 SS and HS
	b SDCARD
	c mSATA
	d SATA
	e mPCIe1 SATA1 and SATA2
	f iPXE (disabled)


	r Restore boot order defaults
	n Network/PXE boot - Currently Disabled
	u USB boot - Currently Enabled
	l Legacy console redirection - Currently Disabled
	w Enable BIOS write protect - Currently Disabled
	x Exit setup without save
	s Save configuration and exit
	```

	Select `n Network/PXE boot - Currently Disabled` by pressing `n`. This position
	should change to `n Network/PXE boot - Currently Enabled`.

5. Now you can reboot platform by choosing `s Save configuration and exit`, so
	press `s` to do that.