diff --git a/include/pops/actions.hpp b/include/pops/actions.hpp
index 33d0603c..7aa25360 100644
--- a/include/pops/actions.hpp
+++ b/include/pops/actions.hpp
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ class SpreadAction
         for (auto indices : host_pool.suitable_cells()) {
             int i = indices[0];
             int j = indices[1];
-            if (host_pool.infected_at(i, j) > 0) {
-                int dispersers_from_cell =
-                    host_pool.dispersers_from(i, j, generator.disperser_generation());
+            int dispersers_from_cell =
+                host_pool.dispersers_from(i, j, generator.disperser_generation());
+            if (dispersers_from_cell > 0) {
                 if (soil_pool_) {
                     // From all the generated dispersers, some go to the soil in the
                     // same cell and don't participate in the kernel-driven dispersal.
diff --git a/include/pops/model.hpp b/include/pops/model.hpp
index 3aecdaa6..763b2a36 100644
--- a/include/pops/model.hpp
+++ b/include/pops/model.hpp
@@ -288,16 +288,6 @@ class Model
         if (config_.spread_schedule()[step]) {
             auto dispersal_kernel = kernel_factory_(config_, dispersers, network);
 
-            SpreadAction<
-                StandardSingleHostPool,
-                StandardPestPool,
-                IntegerRaster,
-                FloatRaster,
-                RasterIndex,
-                decltype(dispersal_kernel),
-                RandomNumberGeneratorProvider<Generator>>
-                spread_action{dispersal_kernel};
-
             SpreadAction<
                 StandardMultiHostPool,
                 StandardPestPool,
@@ -306,7 +296,7 @@ class Model
                 RasterIndex,
                 decltype(dispersal_kernel),
                 RandomNumberGeneratorProvider<Generator>>
-                multi_spread_action{dispersal_kernel};
+                spread_action{dispersal_kernel};
 
             environment_.set_total_population(&total_populations);
             // Soils are activated by an independent function call for model, but spread
@@ -315,13 +305,7 @@ class Model
                 spread_action.activate_soils(
                     soil_pool_, config_.dispersers_to_soils_percentage);
             }
-            if (this->soil_pool_) {
-                multi_spread_action.activate_soils(
-                    soil_pool_, config_.dispersers_to_soils_percentage);
-            }
-            spread_action.generate(host_pool, pest_pool, generator_provider_);
-            multi_spread_action.disperse(
-                multi_host_pool, pest_pool, generator_provider_);
+            spread_action.action(multi_host_pool, pest_pool, generator_provider_);
             host_pool.step_forward(step);
         }
         if (config_.use_mortality && config_.mortality_schedule()[step]) {
diff --git a/include/pops/multi_host_pool.hpp b/include/pops/multi_host_pool.hpp
index 468dd8c7..e4c702ff 100644
--- a/include/pops/multi_host_pool.hpp
+++ b/include/pops/multi_host_pool.hpp
@@ -103,6 +103,15 @@ class MultiHostPool
         return hosts.at(distribution(generator));
     }
 
+    int dispersers_from(RasterIndex row, RasterIndex col, Generator& generator) const
+    {
+        int sum{0};
+        for (auto& host_pool : host_pools_) {
+            sum += host_pool->dispersers_from(row, col, generator);
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
     template<typename Generator>
     int disperser_to(RasterIndex row, RasterIndex col, Generator& generator)
     {