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<section class="normal" id="section-">
<h1 id="debugging">Debugging</h1>
<p>아래의 스크립트는 어디가 잘못되었을까요?
자세히 보면 <code>getine</code>( getline ), <code>prit</code>( print ) 에 typo 오류가 있습니다.
하지만 이것은 awk 문법에 있어서 변수로 취급되어 오류가 되지 않기 때문에
값이 아무것도 표시되지 않을 뿐이지 정상적으로 실행이 됩니다.</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ awk <span class="hljs-string">'BEGIN { getine var < "file1"; prit var }'</span> <span class="hljs-comment"># 정상적으로 실행된다.</span>
$
</code></pre>
<p>이때 <code>--lint</code> 옵션을 사용하면 기존에는 볼 수 없었던 다양한 메시지를 볼 수 있습니다.</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ awk --lint <span class="hljs-string">'BEGIN { getine var < "file1"; prit var}'</span>
awk: cmd. line:<span class="hljs-number">1</span>: warning: statement may have no effect
awk: warning: statement may have no effect
awk: cmd. line:<span class="hljs-number">1</span>: warning: reference to uninitialized variable <span class="hljs-string">'getine'</span>
awk: cmd. line:<span class="hljs-number">1</span>: warning: reference to uninitialized variable <span class="hljs-string">'var'</span>
awk: cmd. line:<span class="hljs-number">1</span>: warning: reference to uninitialized variable <span class="hljs-string">'prit'</span>
awk: cmd. line:<span class="hljs-number">1</span>: warning: reference to uninitialized variable <span class="hljs-string">'var'</span>
</code></pre>
<p>awk 는 실행파일이 1M 도 안되는데 (660k 정도) 자체 내장 디버거가 있습니다.
이전에 gdb 를 사용해본 경험이 있으면 어렵지 않게 사용하실 수 있습니다.
readline 라이브러리를 사용하므로 shell 에서처럼 history 와 라인 에디팅 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다.</p>
<p>다음은 실제 디버깅을 하는 영상입니다. 디버깅을 할때는 항상 코드를 파일로 만들어서 해야 합니다. </p>
<blockquote>
<p><code>-o, --pretty-print</code> 옵션을 이용해 파일을 생성할 수 있습니다.</p>
</blockquote>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ cat transpose.awk
{
<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span>(i=<span class="hljs-number">1</span>; i<=NF; i++)
r[i]=r[i] sep <span class="hljs-variable">$i</span>
sep=FS
}
END {
<span class="hljs-keyword">for</span>(i=<span class="hljs-number">1</span>; i<=NF; i++)
<span class="hljs-built_in">print</span> r[i]
}
..................................
$ cat matrix
a1;a2;a3;a4;a5
b1;b2;b3;b4;b5
c1;c2;c3;c4;c5
d1;d2;d3;d4;d5
..................................
$ awk -F\; <span class="hljs-operator">-f</span> transpose.awk matrix
a1;b1;c1;d1
a2;b2;c2;d2
a3;b3;c3;d3
a4;b4;c4;d4
a5;b5;c5;d5
..................................
<span class="hljs-comment"># 명령 옵션으로 '-D' 를 사용하면 디버깅을 할 수 있습니다.</span>
$ awk -D -F\; <span class="hljs-operator">-f</span> transpose.awk matrix
gawk> ....
</code></pre>
<p>[ 예제 출처 ] <a href="http://backreference.org/2010/02/10/idiomatic-awk/" target="_blank">http://backreference.org/2010/02/10/idiomatic-awk/</a></p>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/fXLUsyX1Cmg" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<h3 id="main-debugger-commands">Main Debugger Commands</h3>
<p><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Debugger.html" target="_blank">https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Debugger.html</a></p>
<table>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Breakpoint-Control.html" target="_blank">Breakpoint Control</a></td><td>Control of Breakpoints.</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap=""><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Debugger-Execution-Control.html" target="_blank">Debugger Execution Control</a></td><td>Control of Execution.</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Viewing-And-Changing-Data.html" target="_blank">Viewing And Changing Data</a></td><td>Viewing and Changing Data.</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Execution-Stack.html" target="_blank">Execution Stack</a></td><td>Dealing with the Stack.</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Debugger-Info.html" target="_blank">Debugger Info</a></td><td>Obtaining Information about the Program and the Debugger State.</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Miscellaneous-Debugger-Commands.html" target="_blank">기타 Debugger Commands</a></td><td>Miscellaneous Commands.</td></tr>
</table>
<h3 id="profiling">Profiling</h3>
<p><a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Profiling.html" target="_blank">https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Profiling.html</a></p>
</section>
</div>
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