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Basic_LoadBalancer.md

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Basic Load Balancer

Exercise Overview: Setting Up AKS Cluster with Basic Load Balancer and VM Connectivity Testing. This practical exercise guides users through the process of setting up an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) cluster with a Basic Load Balancer and a Virtual Machine (VM) in Azure.

Requirements

  • Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) Cluster (Perform steps 1 to 4 if not already running)
  • Basic Load Balancer
  • Virtual Machine in Azure.
Solution

1. Create Resource Group

Creates an Azure Resource Group for organizing and managing resources.

az group create --location westeurope --resource-group demo-weu-rg

2. Create Service Principal

Generates a Service Principal for AKS with the necessary permissions.

az ad sp create-for-rbac --skip-assignment -n "spn-aks"

3. Create Azure Kubernetes Service

NOTE: Replace placeholders in --subscription, --service-principal, and --client-secret with actual values.

Deploys an AKS cluster with specified configurations.

az aks create \
  --location westeurope \
  --subscription <Your-Subscription-ID> \
  --resource-group demo-weu-rg \
  --name <Your-AKS-Cluster-Name> \
  --ssh-key-value $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub \
  --service-principal "<Your-Service-Principal-ID>" \
  --client-secret "<Your-Client-Secret>" \
  --network-plugin kubenet \
  --load-balancer-sku basic \
  --outbound-type loadBalancer \
  --node-vm-size Standard_B2s \
  --node-count 1 \
  --tags 'ENV=Demo' 'OWNER=Corporation Inc.'

4. Get Kubeconfig

Retrieves and merges the AKS cluster's kubeconfig into the local environment.

az aks get-credentials \
  --resource-group demo-weu-rg \
  --name <Your-AKS-Cluster-Name> \
  --admin

5. Create SSH RSA Keys

Generates SSH RSA keys for secure communication.

ssh-keygen -t rsa

6. Create Virtual Machine

NOTE: Replace placeholders in --subscription with actual values.

Provisions a Virtual Machine with specified configurations, and wait for the VM creation to complete.

az vm create \
  --location westeurope \
  --subscription <Your-Subscription-ID> \
  --resource-group demo-weu-rg \
  --name <Your-VM-Name> \
  --ssh-key-values $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub \
  --admin-username devops \
  --image UbuntuLTS \
  --nsg-rule SSH \
  --public-ip-address-allocation static \
  --public-ip-sku Basic \
  --size Standard_B2s

Testing

1. Add Default Rule in NSG for Port 8080

Configures a Network Security Group rule to allow inbound traffic on port 8080.

az network nsg rule create \
  --resource-group demo-weu-rg \
  --nsg-name <Your-VM-NSG-Name> \
  --name AllowAnyCustom8080Inbound \
  --priority 1011 \
  --source-address-prefixes "*" \
  --source-port-ranges "*" \
  --destination-address-prefixes '*' \
  --destination-port-ranges "8080" \
  --access Allow \
  --protocol Tcp

2.Login via SSH to the VM and Run Netcat

Starts a netcat listener on the VM for testing connectivity.

nc -l 8080

3. Open a Second Terminal and Run Tcpdump to Inspect Packets

Captures and displays packets on port 8080 for analysis.

tcpdump -n -i eth0 port 8080

4. Deploy Example Pod

Deploys a temporary pod for testing within the AKS cluster.

kubectl run -it --rm busybox --image=busybox -- sh

5. Run Telnet Command from AKS Pod and Observe Tcpdump on VM

Tests network connectivity by initiating a telnet connection from the AKS pod to the VM on port 8080.

telnet <VM-IP-Address> 8080

Clean Up

1. Remove all resources

Deletes the resource group and associated resources.

az group delete -n demo-weu-rg --yes --no-wait