diff --git a/src/transformer.test.ts b/src/transformer.test.ts
index 1b884c6..4914cb2 100644
--- a/src/transformer.test.ts
+++ b/src/transformer.test.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe('fixImportPath', () => {
       compilerOptions: {
         baseUrl: './src',
         paths: {
-          '@utils/*': ['utils/*'],
+          '@utils/*': ['./utils/*'],
         },
       },
     },
@@ -117,4 +117,24 @@ describe('fixImportPath', () => {
     );
     expect(result).toBeUndefined();
   });
+
+  it('should not throw an error for module paths with tsConfig without base URL', () => {
+    fsExistsSyncMock.mockReturnValue(false);
+    const result = fixImportPath(
+      './root/src/file.ts',
+      'vitest',
+      resolverCache,
+      {
+        ...tsConfig,
+        config: {
+          ...tsConfig.config,
+          compilerOptions: {
+            ...tsConfig.config.compilerOptions,
+            baseUrl: undefined,
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    );
+    expect(result).toBeUndefined();
+  });
 });
diff --git a/src/transformer.ts b/src/transformer.ts
index b0a3500..8270b79 100644
--- a/src/transformer.ts
+++ b/src/transformer.ts
@@ -65,11 +65,15 @@ export function fixImportPath(
       .map((p) => findSpecifierSuffix(p))
       .find((s) => s !== undefined);
 
+    const hasNonBaseUrlMatch =
+      matchingPaths.length === 1 &&
+      !matchingPaths[0]?.endsWith(`/${specifier}`);
+
     if (
       !suffix &&
+      matchingPaths.length > 0 &&
       // catch scenario where we default to baseUrl which could be a normal module
-      (matchingPaths.length !== 1 ||
-        !matchingPaths[0].endsWith(`/${specifier}`))
+      hasNonBaseUrlMatch
     ) {
       throw new Error(`Could not find valid extension for ${specifier}`);
     }