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\begin_body

\begin_layout Title

\series bold
California Surface Water Data:
\series default

\begin_inset ERT
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout


\backslash

\backslash

\end_layout

\end_inset

Details of data sources and processing choices
\end_layout

\begin_layout Author
Nick Hagerty
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
Deliveries, diversions, and allocations
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
State Water Project (SWP)
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Maximum entitlements.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Maximum contract (Table A) amounts are taken from Table B-4 of Bulletin
 132-21 Appendix B, downloaded from the DWR at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://water.ca.gov/Programs/State-Water-Project/Management/Bulletin-132
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 They are available by user, sector, and year from 1962 through 2021.
 For a time-invariant baseline amount, I choose maximum entitlements in
 1990, because that is the first year all currently-existing sections of
 the SWP were completed, and maximum Table A amounts were stabilized.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Allocation percentages.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Percentage allocations by year and sector are available from 1970 through
 2021.
 For 1996-2021 they are taken from published notices to SWP contractors
 (i.e., users holding contracts), downloaded from the DWR at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://water.ca.gov/Programs/State-Water-Project/Management/SWP-Water-Contractors
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 For 1970-1995 they are taken from Table 2-3 of the Monterey Plus Draft
 Environmental Impact Report, downloaded from 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://www.water.ca.gov/environmentalservices/monterey_plus.cfm
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Deliveries.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Deliveries by user, sector, and year are taken from Table B-5B of Bulletin
 132-21 Appendix B, downloaded from DWR at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://water.ca.gov/Programs/State-Water-Project/Management/Bulletin-132
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 They are available from 1962 through 2021 and include Table A amounts plus
 nonproject, surplus, and Article 21 water deliveries.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
Central Valley Project (CVP)
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Maximum entitlements.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Maximum contract volumes are downloaded from the U.S.
 Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://www.usbr.gov/mp/cvp-water/water-contractors.html
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 I sum contract volumes by user and sector (municipal & industrial vs.
 agricultural).
 For three contracts that are shared among multiple users, I split maximum
 volumes among the users by their ratio of average deliveries, if available,
 or evenly otherwise.
 For two observations whose municipal & industrial volume exceeds maximum
 contract volume, I set municipal & industrial volume to equal maximum contract
 volume.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
In order to calculate user-specific allocation percentages, I also sum contracts
 by base vs.
 project supply.
 Base supply is contracts for delivery of water based on water rights pre-dating
 the CVP, while project supply is contracts for delivery of new water made
 available by the CVP.
 Contracts in the category 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

South of Delta Water Rights Contracts
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

 (exchange contractors) are base supply, as are contracts held by Oakdale
 Irrigation District, South San Joaquin Irrigation District, and wildlife
 refuges.
 Sacramento River settlement contractors hold both base and project supply;
 these amounts are downloaded from 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://baydeltaoffice.water.ca.gov/modeling/hydrology/CalSim3/documentation/Release
Ready112917/IndividualChapters/CS3_VolI_14_ContractsandWaterRights.pdf
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 All other users are project supply.
 For the City of West Sacramento, base/project split is not available, so
 I assume its entire contract volume is project supply.
 The sector split is not given for Sacramento River settlement contractors,
 so I assume all are agricultural (their names and internet searches suggest
 the vast majority, if not all, are indeed farm operations).
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Allocation percentages.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Percentage allocations by year and contract category are downloaded from
 the USBR at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://www.usbr.gov/mp/cvo/vungvari/water_allocations_historical.pdf
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 They are available for each contract year (the 12 months from March of
 the named year through February of following year) from 1977 to the present.
 Percentage allocations are determined separately for each of 13 contract
 categories (North of Delta Agricultural Contractors, North of Delta Urban
 Contractors (M&I), North of Delta Wildlife Refuges, North of Delta Settlement
 Contractors/Water Rights, American River M&I Contractors, In Delta - Contra
 Costa, South of Delta Agricultural Contractors, South of Delta Urban Contractor
s (M&I), South of Delta Wildlife Refuges, South of Delta Settlement Contractors/
Water Rights, Eastside Division Contractors, Friant - Class 1, Friant -
 Class 2).
 Some categories are combined in earlier years; when “American River M&I
 Contractors” (i.e., municipal and industrial) and “In Delta – Contra Costa”
 (i.e., the Contra Costa Water District, which serves suburban areas east
 of the San Francisco Bay) are not specified separately, I impute the value
 for “North of Delta Urban Contractors”.
 In addition to these, allocations are always 100% for the Hidden and Buchanan
 Units of the Friant Division.
 For 
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

uncontrolled season
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

 releases in the Friant Division in 2016 and 2018, I assume the entire available
 volume is destined for Class 2 users and divided equally among them.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
For each user and year, I obtain overall allocation percentages by calculating
 a weighted average across each user's contract types, where the weights
 are the maximum contract volumes.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Deliveries.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Deliveries by user and month are downloaded from USBR at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://www.usbr.gov/mp/cvo/deliv.html
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 They are available from 1993 to the present; deliveries for 1985-92 are
 also online but not yet digitized.
 I sum deliveries across months within both calendar year (for consistency
 with other data sources) and contract year (i.e., Mar-Feb, for consistency
 with allocation percentages).
 The difference between these year definitions is relatively small; only
 8.6% of water deliveries occur in January and February.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Sector is given in the maximum contract volume dataset.
 Most users are classified as fully agricultural or fully municipal.
 For users that hold contracts for both sectors, I assume deliveries are
 divided by sector in the same proportion as the maximum contract volume.
 For delivery recipients who do not hold contracts (and therefore do not
 appear in the contract dataset), I assign to agricultural those whose name
 includes one of several keywords (farm, I.D., irrigation, land, ranch, vineyard),
 and to municipal those whose name includes one of several keywords (city
 of, construction, golf, inc., properties, P.U.D., university).
 I then assign to municipal several users known as such (La Grange W.D., Lakeside
 W.D., and Los Banos Gravel) and the remainder to agricultural.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
Lower Colorado Project
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Maximum entitlements.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Maximum entitlements and sector of each user are constructed from lists
 of Lower Colorado River water entitlements in California, downloaded from
 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/g4000/contracts/entitlements.html
\end_layout

\end_inset

, and Appendix E of the Final Environmental Impact Statement of 2007 for
 the Colorado River Interim Guidelines for Lower Basin Shortages and Coordinated
 Operations for Lakes Powell and Mead, downloaded from 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/programs/strategies/FEIS/index.html
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 Maximum entitlements do not appear to have changed in the last couple of
 decades.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Allocation percentages.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Percentage allocations are all 100% because a shortage had never been declared
 on the Colorado River prior to 2021.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Deliveries.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Diversions by user and month are available for 2003-2021 in the annual Colorado
 River Accounting and Water Use Reports for Arizona, California, and Nevada,
 and for 1980-2002 in the annual Compilation of Records in Accordance with
 Article V.
 All are downloaded from USBR at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/g4000/wtracct.html
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 Diversions are summed across months within calendar year.
 When diversions are attributed to one user but transferred to another user,
 I classify them as deliveries to the receiving user.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
Surface Water Rights
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Surface water rights are not directly measured, so I calculate average annual
 diversions during 2010-14 from self-reports on file with the State Water
 Resources Control Board (SWRCB).
 These average diversions represent the best available data on both maximum
 entitlements and actual diversions for holders of surface water rights.
 (The SWRCB holds records of the face value of some rights, but these have
 been repeatedly shown to be wildly unreliable by researchers and journalists,
 and the SWRCB's own water supply models use reported diversions, not face
 values.
 Face values are also not available for riparian or pre-1914 appropriative
 rights.) Water rights have changed little since 1980 and are almost never
 curtailed, so it is reasonable to approximate them as permanent, fixed
 entitlements with a 100% allocation percentage.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Reporting.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Users holding post-1914 appropriative rights are required to submit annual
 reports of use.
 Riparian and pre-1914 appropriative rights were not systematically tracked
 by any government agency prior to 2010.
 However, since 2010 these rights holders must submit Statements of Diversion
 & Use, with civil penalties for noncompliance.
 From 2010 to 2016 this reporting requirement was once every three years;
 since 2016 rights holders must report every year.
 This means from 2012 onward, the SWRCB had at least one report of quantity
 diverted of nearly every water right claimed in California.
 In addition to these regular reporting requirements, in 2015 the SWRCB
 required major rights-holders in the Central Valley to report their diversions
 from 2014 (Informational Order WR 2015-0002-DWR).
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Although these diversion statements are self-reported, it is reasonable
 to treat them as the full, legally defensible value of present water rights.
 This is because appropriative rights are based on documented continuous
 beneficial use, and these statements are public information, so they could
 be used in future legal disputes.
 Therefore, users have incentives to neither report less than they would
 like to use in the future nor more than other evidence would support.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Data.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
All of SWRCB’s records – water right permits, licenses, and Statements of
 Diversion & Use – are publicly available in the SWRCB’s Electronic Water
 Rights Information Management System (eWRIMS).
 Prior to November 2021, the online eWRIMS interface made it difficult to
 view or download details for many records at once.
 Instead, I use a full extraction of the eWRIMS database as of February
 26, 2015 that was posted online as an exhibit in a 2016 administrative
 civil liability hearing for the Byron-Bethany Irrigation District.
 This was downloaded from 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/hearings/byron_beth
any/docs/exhibits/pt/wr70.csv
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 This dataset contains records of all water rights in the state and includes
 reported diversions for 2010 through 2013.
 It also indicates the face value of rights (for post-1914 rights), types
 of beneficial uses, year of first diversion, and latitude & longitude of
 the point of diversion (POD).
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I supplement this file with another dataset that contains reported diversions
 in 2014.
 This dataset, the 2015 Informational Order Demand Dataset, was developed
 by SWRCB for a water availability analysis in 2015 and posted online.
 It was downloaded from: 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/drought/analysis/d
ocs/info_order_demand.xlsx
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Cleaning.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I follow the data cleaning and quality control procedures described by SWRCB
 in another exhibit (“Exhibit WR-11: Testimony of Jeffrey Yeazell”, 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/hearings/byron_beth
any/docs/exhibits/pt/wr11.pdf
\end_layout

\end_inset

), adding a number of further checks and corrections.
 I drop rights that are canceled, inactive, removed, or revoked, and those
 not yet active, and minor types of water rights (such as stock ponds and
 livestock), leaving only appropriative rights and statements of diversion
 and use.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
The dataset has 95,535 observations at the level of right by point of diversion
 (POD) by beneficial use type, with a few duplicates.
 I drop duplicate observations so that the combination of these three variables
 form a unique key, then I reshape to the level of right by point of diversion,
 resulting in a dataset of 56,508 observations.
 For rights with multiple PODs, I keep only one so that a right is a unique
 record.
 SWRCB chooses the POD by alphabetical order on watershed name; I instead
 choose the POD from the watershed, source within watershed, and 12-digit
 hydrologic unit within source with the most PODs for that right; if there
 duplicates within 12-digit hydrologic unit, I keep the POD with the earliest
 number.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
To construct the year a right first began, I use the year of first use when
 available (nearly all pre-1914 and riparian rights holders, and some post-1914
 rights holders), followed by original permit issue date when available,
 license original issue date when available, and record status year when
 available.
 To construct the year a right ended, I take the first year a right was
 canceled, closed, inactive, rejected, or revoked.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I remove non-consumptive diversions by power-only and aquaculture-only,
 following SWRCB procedure.
 For rights that report no diversion to storage, I set diversions to zero.
 For diversions that do report diversion to storage, I subtract the amount
 used from the amount diverted, censoring negative values at zero.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I correct for over-reporting following SWRCB procedure.
 For post-1914 rights, most observations include the face value of the rights,
 so if reported diversions in a year exceed the face value, I scale down
 that year’s monthly reports so their total equals the face value.
 For pre-1914 and riparian rights, face value is not available but some
 report irrigated acres, so if reported diversions exceed 8 acre-feet per
 acre, I scale down that year’s monthly reports so their total equals this
 limit.
 I add one more correction not performed by SWRCB: For post-1914 rights
 for which the face value is unavailable but irrigated acres is available,
 I apply the same acres-based correction, but conservatively only for observatio
ns whose total diversions exceed 80 acre-feet per acre.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I make further corrections to high outliers in a process not separately
 conducted by SWRCB.
 Many of these are likely errors in unit selection; there may also be low
 outliers, but I cannot detect them effectively.
 I calculate the standard deviation of the natural log of all monthly diversion
 values.
 For observations for which this standard deviation is greater than 2 and
 the average annual diversion exceeds the face value of the rights by more
 than 100 acre-feet, for years in which the total diversion exceed the smallest
 annual total by more than 100 times, I scale down each monthly value proportion
ally so that that year’s total equals the smallest annual total.
 Although this correction process affects only 82 observations, it changes
 the total statewide reported diversions by more than 12 orders of magnitude.
 I also drop one riparian right held by an individual that implausibly reports
 an annual diversion of more than 100,000 acre-feet.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Further sample restrictions.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I drop water held by federal and state projects, which are accounted for
 in separate datasets.
 I drop non-consumptive rights: those whose beneficial use is aesthetic,
 aquaculture, fish & wildlife, incidental power, power, recreational, or
 snow-making; several known environmental or recreational users (California
 Department of Fish & Wildlife; California Department of Forestry & Fire
 Prevention; California Department of Parks & Recreation; Nature Conservancy;
 Pine Mountain Lake Association; Tuscany Research; U.S.
 Bureau of Land Management; U.S.
 National Park Service; U.S.
 Forest Service; U.S.
 Department of Fish & Wildlife; White Mallard, Inc.; Woody’s on the River,
 LLC); two known electricity-generating users (Pacific Gas & Electric Co.,
 Southern California Edison Company); and those whose name includes one
 of several keywords (duck club, gun club, power, preservation, shooting
 club, waterfowl, wetlands).
 I drop a small number of rights (151) whose point of diversion is unknown.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Sector.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I categorize each right as agricultural if its record lists irrigation or
 stockwatering as a beneficial use, and municipal & industrial otherwise.
 I then set to municipal all users whose names include “city of” or “golf”,
 and several users in Orange County found to be municipal in internet searches
 (Irvine Ranch W.D., Orange County W.D., Santa Margarita W.D., Serrano W.D.).
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subparagraph
Final variables.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
For each right, I average across reported annual diversions from 2010 through
 2014.
 I then sum across rights within user and sector, keeping location information
 for the point of diversion with the largest volume.
 Finally, CVP settlement and exchange contractors likely have the same rights
 reported in both CVP and rights datasets.
 So as not to double-count these, I subtract the maximum contract volume
 for base supply from diversion volumes.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
Reallocation of subcontracts
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Several water users that hold especially large water entitlements function
 as pass-through entities for other, smaller water districts.
 The wholesale agency receives water from the project and allocates it to
 its member districts on the basis of long-term contracts.
 For users like these that I can identify and obtain information about,
 I reallocate entitlement and delivery volumes to their members.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
For the Kern County Water Agency, I reallocate volumes to 15 member units
 based on the table found at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://www.wakc.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/SWP-Contracts-in-Kern-County.pdf
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 I assume that deliveries are passed through in proportion to each member
 agency's contract amount, within sector.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
For the Joint Water Districts Board, I reallocate volumes to 4 member units
 based on information found in the 2015 Agricultural Water Management Plans,
 downloaded from 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://wuedata.water.ca.gov/awmp_plans
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 A 1969 agreement allocates the surface water rights held by the the Board
 in the following proportions: 24 percent to the Butte Water District, 29
 percent to the Biggs West Gridley Water District, 27 percent to the Richvale
 Irrigation District, and 20 percent to the Sutter Extension Water District.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
For the Kings River Water Association, I reallocate volumes to 16 member
 districts listed in the Kings River Handbook, downloaded from 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://www.centralvalleywater.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Kings_River_Handbook_
2009.pdf
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
 A total of 28 districts are listed in this document, but 10 have no further
 information either on the internet or in other datasets, and 2 do not use
 Kings River water.
 The remaining 16 members are: Alta Irrigation District, Clark's Fork Reclamatio
n District, Consolidated Irrigation District, Corcoran Irrigation Company,
 Empire West Side Irrigation District, Fresno Irrigation District, James
 Irrigation District, John Heinlen Mutual Water Company, Kings River Water
 District, Laguna Irrigation District, Lemoore Canal & Irrigation Company,
 Liberty Canal Company a.k.a.
 Liberty Water District, Reed Ditch Company a.k.a.
 Murphy Slough Association, Riverdale Irrigation District, Stinson Canal
 and Irrigation Company a.k.a.
 Stinson Water District, Stratford Irrigation District, Tranquillity Irrigation
 District, and Tulare Lake Basin Water Storage District.
 Data on allocations among these members is unavailable, so I assume volumes
 are allocated evenly on a per-acre basis, using calculations of cropland
 area within the service area boundaries of each member district.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
Combined dataset
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I combine the four sources above to create a full user-by-year dataset of
 water supplies and allocations.
 I merge all sources on name and year, matching users via the crosswalk
 file (see Section 
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:DataAppendix-Crosswalk-file"

\end_inset

), and sum supplies and maximum entitlements across sources.
 I restrict to years beginning in 1981, when data is available from all
 four sources, and ending in 2021.
 The result is a nearly balanced panel of 7,188 users over 38 years, for
 a total of 273,144 observations.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Subsection
Geolocations
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
I attach geographical location information to the data for nearly all users.
 When possible, I use centroids from the district boundary file (see Section
 
\begin_inset CommandInset ref
LatexCommand ref
reference "subsec:DataAppendix-District-boundaries"

\end_inset

).
 For users not available in the district boundary file, I attach the point
 of diversion listed in the rights dataset.
 (Note the point of diversion may be different from the place of use, which
 is unobserved.) For users not available in either the user location file
 or rights dataset, I merge to a dataset of 65 manually geolocated users.
 For these users, I generate coordinates based on addresses, towns, or maps
 found via user websites and other publicly available documents.
 Only remaining 15 users could not be geolocated; they account for less
 than 0.01% of statewide entitlement volume.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Shapefiles for counties and other geographical divisions were downloaded
 in 2015 from DWR’s webpage for the California Water Plan Update 2013; as
 of 2019 they were no longer available on the DWR website, but they remain
 available from the State of California Geoportal, 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://portal.gis.ca.gov/geoportal/
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
User crosswalk file
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:DataAppendix-Crosswalk-file"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
The crosswalk file that links water users by name across all datasets.
 To create it, I export raw names from each dataset and append them together.
 I strip punctuation and correct misspellings and other typos.
 I standardize common terms into acronyms (e.g., I.D.
 for irrigation district; M.W.C.
 for mutual water company; F.C.W.C.D.
 for flood control and water conservation district).
 For names of individual people, I match full names to entries with the
 same last name but only first initial(s) available.
 For agencies, when names are closely but not precisely similar I use agency
 websites and other publicly available documents to determine whether (a)
 one agency has changed its name, (b) one name is erroneous, or (c) they
 are indeed distinct agencies.
 I use footnotes and notes in original data sources to link users with name
 changes over time, keeping the most recent name.
 When a merger has occurred, I roll users up into the most aggregate version
 to maintain consistent definitions.
 The exception is companies with service in multiple noncontiguous locations,
 for which I treat each location as a separate user.
 The final crosswalk file has 28,765 entries (input names) pointing to 14,830
 targets (output names).
 Excluding transactions data, the file has 17,738 entries and 13,912 targets.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Section
User polygon boundaries
\begin_inset CommandInset label
LatexCommand label
name "subsec:DataAppendix-District-boundaries"

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
By combining all the relevant and publicly available georeferenced digital
 maps I can find, I create a dataset of the most accurate locations, areas,
 and boundaries for as many water users as possible.
 I combine the following datasets and link them via the crosswalk file.
 For each user, I keep one shape (feature) according to the following priority
 order:
\end_layout

\begin_layout Enumerate
DWR’s Water Districts Boundaries, downloaded via the Query link found at
 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://gis.water.ca.gov/arcgis/rest/services/Boundaries/WaterDistricts/FeatureServ
er
\end_layout

\end_inset


\end_layout

\begin_layout Enumerate
Federal, State, and Private Water Districts shapefiles maintained by USBR
 and DWR, downloaded from the California Atlas at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://www.atlas.ca.gov/download.html
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Enumerate
Mojave Water Agency Water Companies, downloaded at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

https://www.mojavewater.org/geospatial-library.html
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Enumerate
California Environmental Health Tracking Program’s Water Boundary Tool,
 downloaded at 
\begin_inset Flex URL
status open

\begin_layout Plain Layout

http://www.cehtp.org/page/water/download
\end_layout

\end_inset

.
\end_layout

\begin_layout Standard
Before I append (merge) sources, I combine noncontiguous shapes for the
 same user (dissolve to create multipart features).
 After selecting one shape per user, I calculate the user’s centroid (restricted
 to within shape), area, and cropland area (via zonal statistics).
 Cropland area comes from the 2015 cropland mask from the USDA’s Cropland
 Data Layer.
\end_layout

\end_body
\end_document