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ocean_rough.F90
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!***********************************************************************
!* GNU Lesser General Public License
!*
!* This file is part of the GFDL Flexible Modeling System (FMS).
!*
!* FMS is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
!* the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
!* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
!* your option) any later version.
!*
!* FMS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
!* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
!* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
!* for more details.
!*
!* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
!* License along with FMS. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
!***********************************************************************
module ocean_rough_mod
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
use mpp_mod, only: input_nml_file
use fms_mod, only: error_mesg, FATAL, mpp_error, &
check_nml_error, mpp_pe, mpp_root_pe, &
write_version_number, stdlog
use constants_mod, only: grav, vonkarm
implicit none
private
public :: compute_ocean_roughness, fixed_ocean_roughness, &
cal_z0_hwrf17, cal_zt_hwrf17, read_ocean_rough_scheme
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
character(len=256) :: version = '$Id$'
character(len=256) :: tagname = '$Name$'
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
!----- namelist -----
real :: roughness_init = 0.00044 ! not used in this version
real :: roughness_min = 1.e-6
real :: charnock = 0.032
real :: roughness_mom = 5.8e-5
real :: roughness_heat = 5.8e-5 ! was 4.00e-4
real :: roughness_moist = 5.8e-5
! real, parameter :: zcoh1 = 0.0 ! Beljaars 1994 values
! real, parameter :: zcoq1 = 0.0
! real, parameter :: zcoh1 = 1.4e-5
! real, parameter :: zcoq1 = 1.3e-4
real :: zcoh1 = 0.0 !miz
real :: zcoq1 = 0.0 !miz
real :: v10m = 32.5 !jhc
real :: v10n = 17.5 !jhc
logical :: do_highwind = .false.
logical :: do_cap40 = .false.
character(len=32) :: rough_scheme = 'fixed' ! possible values:
! 'fixed'
! 'charnock'
! 'beljaars'
namelist /ocean_rough_nml/ roughness_init, roughness_heat, &
roughness_mom, roughness_moist, &
roughness_min, &
charnock, &
rough_scheme, do_highwind, &!miz
do_cap40, zcoh1, zcoq1, &!sjl
v10m, v10n !jhc
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
logical :: do_init = .true.
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
! ---- constants ----
! ..... high wind speed - rough sea
real, parameter :: zcom1 = 1.8e-2 ! Charnock's constant
! ..... low wind speed - smooth sea
real, parameter :: gnu = 1.5e-5
real, parameter :: zcom2 = 0.11
real, parameter :: zcoh2 = 0.40
real, parameter :: zcoq2 = 0.62
contains
!#######################################################################
subroutine compute_ocean_roughness ( ocean, u_star, &
rough_mom, rough_heat, rough_moist )
logical, intent(in) :: ocean(:,:)
real, intent(in) :: u_star(:,:)
real, intent(out) :: rough_mom(:,:), rough_heat(:,:), rough_moist(:,:)
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
! computes ocean roughness for momentum using wind stress
! and sets roughness for heat/moisture using namelist value
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
real, dimension(size(ocean,1),size(ocean,2)) :: ustar2, xx1, xx2, w10 !miz
real, dimension(size(ocean,1),size(ocean,2)) :: ustar, xx3, u10n, z0, zt, z1, &
alpha_v, reynolds_rough
real:: zt1
integer :: i, j, n, iter
real :: ustar_min, m, b, u_max, rough_mom_init
if (do_init) call ocean_rough_init
if (trim(rough_scheme) == 'fixed') then
! --- set roughness for momentum and heat/moisture ---
call fixed_ocean_roughness ( ocean, rough_mom, rough_heat, &
rough_moist )
! --- compute roughness for momentum, heat, moisture ---
else if (trim(rough_scheme) == 'beljaars' .or. &
trim(rough_scheme) == 'charnock') then
where (ocean)
ustar2(:,:) = max(gnu*gnu,u_star(:,:)*u_star(:,:))
xx1(:,:) = gnu / sqrt(ustar2(:,:))
xx2(:,:) = ustar2(:,:) / grav
elsewhere
rough_mom = 0.0
rough_heat = 0.0
rough_moist = 0.0
endwhere
if (trim(rough_scheme) == 'charnock') then
where (ocean)
rough_mom (:,:) = charnock * xx2(:,:)
rough_mom (:,:) = max( rough_mom(:,:), roughness_min )
rough_heat (:,:) = rough_mom (:,:)
rough_moist(:,:) = rough_mom (:,:)
endwhere
else if (trim(rough_scheme) == 'beljaars') then
! --- SJL ---- High Wind correction following Moon et al 2007 ------
if (do_highwind) then ! Moon et al. formular
do j=1,size(ocean,2)
do i=1,size(ocean,1)
if ( ocean(i,j) ) then
w10(i,j) = 2.458 + u_star(i,j)*(20.255-0.56*u_star(i,j)) ! Eq(7) Moon et al.
if ( w10(i,j) > 12.5 ) then
rough_mom(i,j) = 0.001*(0.085*w10(i,j) - 0.58) ! Eq(8b) Moon et al.
! SJL mods: cap the growth of z0 with w10 up to 40 m/s
! z0 (w10=40) = 2.82E-3
if(do_cap40) rough_mom(i,j) = min( rough_mom(i,j), 2.82E-3)
else
rough_mom(i,j) = 0.0185/grav*u_star(i,j)**2 ! (8a) Moon et al.
endif
zt1 = min( 1., max(0., (w10(i,j)-v10n)/(v10m-v10n)) )
rough_moist(i,j) = zcoq1*zt1*xx2(i,j) + zcoq2 * xx1(i,j)
rough_heat (i,j) = zcoh1*zt1*xx2(i,j) + zcoh2 * xx1(i,j)
! --- lower limit on roughness? ---
rough_mom (i,j) = max( rough_mom (i,j), roughness_min )
rough_heat (i,j) = max( rough_heat (i,j), roughness_min )
rough_moist(i,j) = max( rough_moist(i,j), roughness_min )
endif
enddo
enddo
! SJL -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
else
! --- Beljaars scheme ---
where (ocean)
rough_mom (:,:) = zcom1 * xx2(:,:) + zcom2 * xx1(:,:)
rough_heat (:,:) = zcoh1 * xx2(:,:) + zcoh2 * xx1(:,:)
rough_moist(:,:) = zcoq1 * xx2(:,:) + zcoq2 * xx1(:,:)
! --- lower limit on roughness? ---
rough_mom (:,:) = max( rough_mom (:,:), roughness_min )
rough_heat (:,:) = max( rough_heat (:,:), roughness_min )
rough_moist(:,:) = max( rough_moist(:,:), roughness_min )
endwhere
endif
endif
else if (trim(rough_scheme) == 'coare3.5') then !IH -ref Edson et al, JPO, Aug 2013
!if rough_mom is available in input (rough_mon_in) then set rough_mom1_init = rough_mom_in
rough_mom_init = 1.e-03
ustar_min = 1.e-05 ! added by IH just in case ustar is unphysically small
m = 0.0017 !Edson 2013
b = -0.005 !Edson 2013
u_max = 18.0 !Edson 2013
ustar(:,:)=u_star(:,:)
where (ocean)
ustar(:,:) = max(ustar(:,:), ustar_min) ! IH
ustar2(:,:) = ustar(:,:)*ustar(:,:)
xx1(:,:) = gnu/ustar(:,:)
xx2(:,:) = ustar2(:,:)/grav
xx3(:,:) = ustar(:,:)/vonkarm
endwhere
!if rough_mom is available in input then set z0(:,:) to this input value
z0(:,:) = rough_mom_init
iter = 5 ! IH - overkill
do j=1,size(ocean,2)
do i=1,size(ocean,1)
if ( ocean(i,j) ) then
do n = 1, iter
u10n(i,j) = xx3(i,j)*log(10/z0(i,j)) ! "neutral" 10m wind
alpha_v(i,j) = m*min(u10n(i,j),u_max) + b; ! Charnock coefficient, Edson 2013
z1(i,j) = zcom2*xx1(i,j) + alpha_v(i,j)*xx2(i,j) ! Edson 2013
z0(i,j) = z1(i,j); !IH -- iteration
enddo
endif
enddo
enddo
where (ocean)
rough_mom (:,:) = z0(:,:)
rough_mom (:,:) = max( rough_mom (:,:), roughness_min )
reynolds_rough(:,:) = ustar(:,:)*rough_mom(:,:)/gnu
rough_heat (:,:) = 5.5e-05*(reynolds_rough(:,:)**(-0.6))
rough_heat (:,:) = min(1.1e-04, rough_heat(:,:))
rough_moist(:,:) = rough_heat (:,:)
elsewhere
rough_mom = 0.0
rough_heat = 0.0
rough_moist = 0.0
endwhere
else if (trim(rough_scheme) == 'hwrf17') then
rough_mom_init = 1.e-03
ustar_min = 1.e-05
ustar(:,:) = u_star(:,:)
where (ocean)
ustar(:,:) = max(ustar(:,:), ustar_min)
ustar2(:,:) = ustar(:,:)*ustar(:,:)
xx1(:,:) = gnu/ustar(:,:)
xx2(:,:) = ustar2(:,:)/grav
xx3(:,:) = ustar(:,:)/vonkarm
endwhere
z0(:,:) = rough_mom_init
iter = 5
do j = 1, size(ocean, 2)
do i = 1, size(ocean, 1)
if ( ocean(i,j) ) then
do n = 1, iter
u10n(i,j) = xx3(i,j) * log(10 / z0(i,j))
call cal_z0_hwrf17(u10n(i,j), z0(i,j))
enddo
call cal_zt_hwrf17(u10n(i,j), zt(i,j))
rough_mom (i,j) = z0(i,j)
rough_heat (i,j) = zt(i,j)
rough_moist(i,j) = rough_heat(i,j)
endif
enddo
enddo
where (.not. ocean)
rough_mom = 0.0
rough_heat = 0.0
rough_moist = 0.0
endwhere
else
call mpp_error(FATAL, '==>Error from ocean_rough_mod(compute_ocean_roughness): '//&
'Unknown roughness scheme (case sensitive): ' //trim(rough_scheme))
endif
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
end subroutine compute_ocean_roughness
!#######################################################################
subroutine fixed_ocean_roughness ( ocean, rough_mom, rough_heat, rough_moist )
logical, intent(in) :: ocean(:,:)
real, intent(out) :: rough_mom(:,:), rough_heat(:,:), rough_moist(:,:)
if (do_init) call ocean_rough_init
where (ocean)
rough_mom = roughness_mom
rough_heat = roughness_heat
rough_moist = roughness_moist
endwhere
end subroutine fixed_ocean_roughness
!#######################################################################
subroutine ocean_rough_init
integer :: unit, ierr, io
! ----- read and write namelist -----
read (input_nml_file, nml=ocean_rough_nml, iostat=io)
ierr = check_nml_error(io, 'ocean_rough_nml')
!------- write version number and namelist ---------
if ( mpp_pe() == mpp_root_pe() ) then
call write_version_number(version, tagname)
unit = stdlog()
write (unit,nml=ocean_rough_nml)
write (unit,11)
endif
!------ constants -----
roughness_moist = max (roughness_moist, roughness_min)
roughness_heat = max (roughness_heat , roughness_min)
roughness_mom = max (roughness_mom , roughness_min)
do_init = .false.
11 format (/,'namelist option USE_FIXED_ROUGH is no longer supported', &
/,'use variable ROUGH_SCHEME instead')
end subroutine ocean_rough_init
!#######################################################################
subroutine read_ocean_rough_scheme (ocean_rough_scheme)
!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!
! to read in the ocean roughness scheme used
!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!
character(len=32), intent(inout) :: ocean_rough_scheme
integer :: ierr, io
read (input_nml_file, nml=ocean_rough_nml, iostat=io)
ierr = check_nml_error(io, 'ocean_rough_nml')
ocean_rough_scheme = rough_scheme
end subroutine read_ocean_rough_scheme
!#######################################################################
subroutine cal_z0_hwrf17 (uref,z0)
! This subroutine is orginally from HWRF model (2017 version, znot_m_v6)
! Implemented here by Kun Gao & Baoqiang Xiang
! Calculate areodynamical roughness over water with input 10-m wind
! For low-to-moderate winds, try to match the Cd-U10 relationship from COARE V3.5 (Edson et al. 2013)
! For high winds, try to fit available observational data
!
! uref(m/s) : wind speed at 10-m height
! z0 (meter) : areodynamical roughness scale over water
!
real, intent(in) :: uref
real, intent(out):: z0
real :: p13, p12, p11, p10
real :: p25, p24, p23, p22, p21, p20
real :: p35, p34, p33, p32, p31, p30
real :: p40
p13 = -1.296521881682694e-02
p12 = 2.855780863283819e-01
p11 = -1.597898515251717e+00
p10 = -8.396975715683501e+00
p25 = 3.790846746036765e-10
p24 = 3.281964357650687e-09
p23 = 1.962282433562894e-07
p22 = -1.240239171056262e-06
p21 = 1.739759082358234e-07
p20 = 2.147264020369413e-05
p35 = 1.840430200185075e-07
p34 = -2.793849676757154e-05
p33 = 1.735308193700643e-03
p32 = -6.139315534216305e-02
p31 = 1.255457892775006e+00
p30 = -1.663993561652530e+01
p40 = 4.579369142033410e-04
if (uref >= 0.0 .and. uref <= 6.5 ) then
z0 = exp( p10 + p11*uref + p12*uref**2 + p13*uref**3)
elseif (uref > 6.5 .and. uref <= 15.7) then
z0 = p25*uref**5 + p24*uref**4 + p23*uref**3 + p22*uref**2 + p21*uref + p20
elseif (uref > 15.7 .and. uref <= 53.0) then
z0 = exp( p35*uref**5 + p34*uref**4 + p33*uref**3 + p32*uref**2 + p31*uref + p30 )
elseif ( uref > 53.0) then
z0 = p40
else
print*, 'Wrong input uref value:',uref
endif
!
end subroutine cal_z0_hwrf17
!#######################################################################
subroutine cal_zt_hwrf17 (uref,zt)
! This subroutine is orginally from HWRF model (2017 version, znot_t_v6)
! Implemented here by Kun Gao & Baoqiang Xiang
! Calculate scalar roughness over water with input 10-m wind
! For low-to-moderate winds, try to match the Ck-U10 relationship from COARE algorithm
! For high winds, try to retain the Ck-U10 relationship of FY2015 HWRF
!
! uref(m/s) : wind speed at 10-m height
! zt(meter) : scalar roughness scale over water
!
real, intent(in) :: uref
real, intent(out):: zt
real :: p00
real :: p15, p14, p13, p12, p11, p10
real :: p25, p24, p23, p22, p21, p20
real :: p35, p34, p33, p32, p31, p30
real :: p45, p44, p43, p42, p41, p40
real :: p56, p55, p54, p53, p52, p51, p50
real :: p60
p00 = 1.100000000000000e-04
p15 = -9.144581627678278e-10
p14 = 7.020346616456421e-08
p13 = -2.155602086883837e-06
p12 = 3.333848806567684e-05
p11 = -2.628501274963990e-04
p10 = 8.634221567969181e-04
p25 = -8.654513012535990e-12
p24 = 1.232380050058077e-09
p23 = -6.837922749505057e-08
p22 = 1.871407733439947e-06
p21 = -2.552246987137160e-05
p20 = 1.428968311457630e-04
p35 = 3.207515102100162e-12
p34 = -2.945761895342535e-10
p33 = 8.788972147364181e-09
p32 = -3.814457439412957e-08
p31 = -2.448983648874671e-06
p30 = 3.436721779020359e-05
p45 = -3.530687797132211e-11
p44 = 3.939867958963747e-09
p43 = -1.227668406985956e-08
p42 = -1.367469811838390e-05
p41 = 5.988240863928883e-04
p40 = -7.746288511324971e-03
p56 = -1.187982453329086e-13
p55 = 4.801984186231693e-11
p54 = -8.049200462388188e-09
p53 = 7.169872601310186e-07
p52 = -3.581694433758150e-05
p51 = 9.503919224192534e-04
p50 = -1.036679430885215e-02
p60 = 4.751256171799112e-05
if (uref >= 0.0 .and. uref < 5.9 ) then
zt = p00
elseif (uref >= 5.9 .and. uref <= 15.4) then
zt = p15*uref**5 + p14*uref**4 + p13*uref**3 + p12*uref**2 + p11*uref + p10
elseif (uref > 15.4 .and. uref <= 21.6) then
zt = p25*uref**5 + p24*uref**4 + p23*uref**3 + p22*uref**2 + p21*uref + p20
elseif (uref > 21.6 .and. uref <= 42.2) then
zt = p35*uref**5 + p34*uref**4 + p33*uref**3 + p32*uref**2 + p31*uref + p30
elseif ( uref > 42.2 .and. uref <= 53.3) then
zt = p45*uref**5 + p44*uref**4 + p43*uref**3 + p42*uref**2 + p41*uref + p40
elseif ( uref > 53.3 .and. uref <= 80.0) then
zt = p56*uref**6 + p55*uref**5 + p54*uref**4 + p53*uref**3 + p52*uref**2 + p51*uref + p50
elseif ( uref > 80.0) then
zt = p60
else
print*, 'Wrong input uref value:',uref
endif
!
end subroutine cal_zt_hwrf17
end module ocean_rough_mod