diff --git a/.github/workflows/phan.yml b/.github/workflows/phan-phpunit.yml
similarity index 79%
rename from .github/workflows/phan.yml
rename to .github/workflows/phan-phpunit.yml
index 1a77d0a..db90187 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/phan.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/phan-phpunit.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Static analysis (phan)
+name: Static analysis (phan) & Unit Testing (phpunit)
 
 on:
   pull_request:
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ on:
       - "**.php"
 
 jobs:
-  phan:
+  phan-phpunit:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Install PHP and dependencies
@@ -25,4 +25,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install composer packages
         run: composer install
       - name: Run phan from vendor folder
-        run: vendor/bin/phan -S -k ./.phan/config.php
+        run: vendor/bin/phan -S -k ./.phan/config.php --no-progress-bar
+      - name: Run phpunit from vendor folder
+        run: vendor/bin/phpunit
diff --git a/app/CodeFormatterApp.php b/app/CodeFormatterApp.php
index a632189..158188e 100644
--- a/app/CodeFormatterApp.php
+++ b/app/CodeFormatterApp.php
@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@
 namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter;
 
 use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\CodeFormatter\CodeFormatter;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\ElemNode;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\Node;
 use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\Parser;
-use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\PregParser;
-use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\Token;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\TextNode;
 
 /**
  * Class CodeFormatterApp.
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ class CodeFormatterApp
      */
     public function __construct(Parser $parser = null)
     {
-        $this->parser = $parser ?? new PregParser();
+        $this->parser = $parser ?? new Parser();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -32,17 +33,17 @@ public function __construct(Parser $parser = null)
      */
     public function run()
     {
-        $tokens = $this->parseInput();
+        $nodes = $this->parseInput();
 
-        foreach ($tokens as $token) {
-            echo $this->formatToken($token);
+        foreach ($nodes as $node) {
+            echo $this->formatNode($node);
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * parses the code from stdin.
      *
-     * @return iterable<Token>
+     * @return iterable<Node>
      */
     private function parseInput(): iterable
     {
@@ -50,41 +51,58 @@ private function parseInput(): iterable
     }
 
     /**
-     * formats a token based on its type and language.
+     * formats a node based on its type and language.
      *
-     * @param Token $token
+     * @param Node $node
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    private function formatToken(Token $token): string
+    private function formatNode(Node $node): string
     {
-        if ($token->isText()) {
-            return $token->getBody();
+        if ($node instanceof TextNode) {
+            return $this->exportNode($node, null);
         }
 
-        $language = $token->getAttribute('lang');
-        \assert(null !== $language);
+        \assert($node instanceof ElemNode);
 
+        if (!$node->isCode()) {
+            // export node as-is (PLAIN bbcode)
+            return $this->exportNode($node, null);
+        }
+
+        if ($node->isRich()) {
+            // iterate over all child-nodes in this case
+            $buffer = '';
+            foreach ($node->getBody() as $subNode) {
+                $buffer .= $this->formatNode($subNode);
+            }
+            return $this->exportNode($node, $buffer);
+        }
+
+        $language = $node->getLang() ?: 'text';
         $formatter = CodeFormatter::create($language);
+
         if (null === $formatter) {
-            // no formatter found, return token as is
-            return $this->exportToken($token, null);
+            // no formatter found, return node as-is
+            return $this->exportNode($node, null);
         }
 
-        $result = $formatter->exec($token->getBody());
-        return $this->exportToken($token, $result);
+        $nodeBody = $node->getBody();
+        \assert(\is_string($nodeBody));
+        $result = $formatter->exec($nodeBody);
+        return $this->exportNode($node, $result);
     }
 
     /**
-     * exports a token.
+     * exports a node.
      *
-     * @param Token       $token
+     * @param Node        $node
      * @param string|null $body
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    private function exportToken(Token $token, ?string $body): string
+    private function exportNode(Node $node, ?string $body): string
     {
-        return $this->parser->exportToken($token, $body);
+        return $this->parser->exportNode($node, $body);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Parser/ElemAttrs.php b/app/Parser/ElemAttrs.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8da7f4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Parser/ElemAttrs.php
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
+
+/**
+ * this class represents element attributes in a
+ * raw (match) and a tokenized (pairs) form.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class ElemAttrs
+{
+    /** @var string */
+    private $match;
+
+    /** @var array */
+    private $pairs;
+
+    /**
+     * constructor.
+     *
+     * @param string               $match
+     * @param array<string,string> $pairs
+     */
+    public function __construct(string $match, array $pairs)
+    {
+        $this->match = $match;
+        $this->pairs = $pairs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns a value.
+     *
+     * @param string $name
+     *
+     * @return string|null
+     */
+    public function getValue(string $name): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->pairs[$name] ?? null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns the matched attribute string.
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getMatch(): string
+    {
+        return $this->match;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * checks if some attributes are set.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function hasMatch(): bool
+    {
+        return !empty($this->match);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Parser/ElemNode.php b/app/Parser/ElemNode.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01e2197
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Parser/ElemNode.php
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
+
+/**
+ * this class represents a bbcode.
+ */
+final class ElemNode extends Node
+{
+    /** @var string */
+    private $name;
+
+    /** @var ElemAttrs */
+    private $attrs;
+
+    /** @var NodeList|string */
+    private $body;
+
+    /**
+     * constructs a new code-token.
+     *
+     * @param string          $name
+     * @param ElemAttrs       $attrs
+     * @param NodeList|string $body
+     */
+    public function __construct(string $name, ElemAttrs $attrs, $body)
+    {
+        \assert(\is_string($body) || $body instanceof NodeList);
+        parent::__construct(Node::KIND_ELEM);
+        $this->name = $name;
+        $this->attrs = $attrs;
+        $this->body = $body;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * checks if this node represents a [CODE] bbcode.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function isCode(): bool
+    {
+        return 0 === strcasecmp($this->name, 'code');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * checks if this node represents a [CODE=rich] bbcode.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function isRich(): bool
+    {
+        if (0 !== strcasecmp($this->name, 'code')) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $langAttr = $this->getLang();
+
+        if (empty($langAttr)) {
+            /* defaults to "text" */
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return 0 === strcasecmp($langAttr, 'rich');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * utility method to retrieve a lang-attribute.
+     *
+     * @return string|null
+     */
+    public function getLang(): ?string
+    {
+        $langAttr = $this->getAttr('lang');
+
+        if (null === $langAttr && $this->isCode()) {
+            $langAttr = $this->getAttr('@value');
+        }
+
+        return $langAttr;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns the element name.
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return $this->name;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns a single node attribute.
+     *
+     * @param string $name
+     *
+     * @return string|null
+     */
+    public function getAttr(string $name): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->attrs->getValue($name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns the node attributes.
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getAttrMatch(): string
+    {
+        return $this->attrs->getMatch();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns the node-body.
+     *
+     * @return NodeList|string
+     */
+    public function getBody()
+    {
+        return $this->body;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Parser/Node.php b/app/Parser/Node.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5179c7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Parser/Node.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
+
+abstract class Node
+{
+    /** text node */
+    public const KIND_TEXT = 1;
+
+    /** element node (bbcode) */
+    public const KIND_ELEM = 2;
+
+    /** @var int */
+    private $kind;
+
+    /**
+     * constructs a new token.
+     *
+     * @param int $kind
+     */
+    public function __construct(int $kind)
+    {
+        $this->kind = $kind;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns the node kind.
+     *
+     * @return int
+     */
+    public function getKind(): int
+    {
+        return $this->kind;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Parser/NodeList.php b/app/Parser/NodeList.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fe9a19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Parser/NodeList.php
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
+
+use IteratorAggregate;
+use Traversable;
+
+final class NodeList implements IteratorAggregate
+{
+    /** @var Node[] */
+    private $nodes;
+
+    /**
+     * constructs a new node-list.
+     *
+     * @param Node[] $nodes
+     */
+    public function __construct(array $nodes = [])
+    {
+        $this->nodes = $nodes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * appends a node.
+     *
+     * @param Node|string $node
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function append($node)
+    {
+        if (\is_string($node)) {
+            $this->nodes[] = new TextNode($node);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        \assert($node instanceof Node);
+        $this->nodes[] = $node;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns the node-list as array.
+     * this method is mainly used for testing.
+     *
+     * @return array
+     */
+    public function toArray(): array
+    {
+        return $this->nodes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns the node-list as traversable.
+     *
+     * @return Traversable<Node>
+     */
+    public function getIterator(): Traversable
+    {
+        yield from $this->nodes;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Parser/Parser.php b/app/Parser/Parser.php
index 6d414dd..4e0c0c0 100644
--- a/app/Parser/Parser.php
+++ b/app/Parser/Parser.php
@@ -4,33 +4,307 @@
 
 namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
 
-interface Parser
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Exceptions\Exception;
+
+final class Parser
 {
+    /** pattern used to tokenize bbcode elements */
+    private const RE_ELEM = '/\G\[(code|plain)(=\w+|(?:\s+\w+=(?:"[^"]*"|\S+?))*)\]/i';
+
+    /** pattern used to tokenize attributes */
+    private const RE_ATTR = '/\G\s*(\w+)=("[^"]*"|\S+)/';
+
     /**
-     * parses a file.
-     *
      * @param string $filePath
      *
-     * @return iterable<Token>
+     * @return iterable<Node>
      */
-    public function parseFile(string $filePath): iterable;
+    public function parseFile(string $filePath): iterable
+    {
+        // note: we cannot stat php://input
+        // therefore we have to give it a try
+        $fileHandle = @fopen($filePath, 'r');
+
+        if (false === $fileHandle) {
+            throw new Exception('unable to open file: ' . $filePath);
+        }
+
+        $textData = stream_get_contents($fileHandle);
+        fclose($fileHandle);
+
+        if (false === $textData) {
+            throw new Exception('unable to read file: ' . $filePath);
+        }
+
+        return $this->parseText($textData);
+    }
 
     /**
-     * parses a string (text).
+     * parses the given text.
      *
      * @param string $textData
      *
-     * @return iterable<Token>
+     * @return iterable<Node>
+     */
+    public function parseText(string $textData): iterable
+    {
+        $state = new State($textData);
+        return $this->parseNorm($state);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * parses and normalizes a prepared state.
+     *
+     * @param State $state
+     *
+     * @return iterable<Node>
+     */
+    private function parseNorm(State $state): iterable
+    {
+        $textBuffer = '';
+        while ($state->valid()) {
+            $node = $this->parseNode($state);
+
+            if ($node instanceof ElemNode) {
+                // yield a buffered text-node first (if any)
+                if (!empty($textBuffer)) {
+                    yield new TextNode($textBuffer);
+                    $textBuffer = '';
+                }
+
+                yield $node;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            \assert($node instanceof TextNode);
+            $textBuffer .= $node->getBody();
+        }
+
+        if (!empty($textBuffer)) {
+            // yield a buffered text-node (if any)
+            yield new TextNode($textBuffer);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * parses a node.
+     *
+     * @param State $state
+     *
+     * @return Node
+     */
+    private function parseNode(State $state): Node
+    {
+        $input = $state->input;
+        $offset = $state->offset;
+
+        if (preg_match(self::RE_ELEM, $input, $m, 0, $offset)) {
+            // read from $textData until we see a closing tag
+            $elemName = $m[1];
+            $elemAttrs = $this->parseAttrs($m[2]);
+            $bodyStart = $offset + \strlen($m[0]);
+
+            if ($this->isRichCode($elemName, $elemAttrs)) {
+                // CODE=rich allows nested CODE bbcodes ... yay.
+                // switch to the recursive parser and collect all
+                // child-nodes as tag-body
+                $state->offset = $bodyStart;
+                $elemBody = $this->parseRich($state);
+                return new ElemNode($elemName, $elemAttrs, $elemBody);
+            }
+
+            $closeTag = "[/{$elemName}]";
+            $closePos = stripos($input, $closeTag, $bodyStart);
+
+            if (false === $closePos) {
+                // edge case:
+                // no closing tag found... treat the rest of the input
+                // as bbcode-body and stop the parsing entirely
+                $elemBody = substr($input, $bodyStart) ?: '';
+                $state->finish();
+                return new ElemNode($elemName, $elemAttrs, $elemBody);
+            }
+
+            $bodySpan = $closePos - $bodyStart;
+            $elemBody = substr($input, $bodyStart, $bodySpan) ?: '';
+            $state->offset = $closePos + \strlen($closeTag);
+            return new ElemNode($elemName, $elemAttrs, $elemBody);
+        }
+
+        $textSpan = max(1, strcspn($input, '[', $offset));
+        $textBody = substr($input, $offset, $textSpan) ?: '';
+        $state->offset += (int) $textSpan;
+        return new TextNode($textBody);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * parses a CODE=rich body.
+     *
+     * @param State $state
+     *
+     * @return NodeList
+     */
+    private function parseRich(State $state): NodeList
+    {
+        $nodeList = new NodeList();
+        $textBuffer = '';
+        while ($state->valid()) {
+            $node = $this->parseNode($state);
+
+            if ($node instanceof ElemNode) {
+                // yield a buffered text-node first (if any)
+                if (!empty($textBuffer)) {
+                    $nodeList->append($textBuffer);
+                    $textBuffer = '';
+                }
+
+                $nodeList->append($node);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            \assert($node instanceof TextNode);
+            $textBody = $node->getBody();
+
+            if ('[' === $textBody) {
+                // a single bracket was parsed as text-node
+                $input = $state->input;
+                $offset = $state->offset;
+
+                if (0 === substr_compare($input, '/code]', $offset, 6, true)) {
+                    // found a closing tag, stop rich-parsing
+                    $state->offset += 6;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            $textBuffer .= $textBody;
+        }
+
+        if (!empty($textBuffer)) {
+            // append a buffered text-node (if any)
+            $nodeList->append($textBuffer);
+        }
+
+        return $nodeList;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * checks if the given node is a CODE=rich node.
+     *
+     * @param string    $tagName
+     * @param ElemAttrs $tagAttrs
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    private function isRichCode(string $tagName, ElemAttrs $tagAttrs): bool
+    {
+        if (0 !== strcasecmp($tagName, 'code')) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $lang = $tagAttrs->getValue('lang') ?:
+                $tagAttrs->getValue('@value');
+
+        return $lang && 0 === strcasecmp($lang, 'rich');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * parses an attribute string from a bbcode.
+     *
+     * @param string $attrs
+     *
+     * @return ElemAttrs
+     */
+    private function parseAttrs(string $attrs): ElemAttrs
+    {
+        $pairs = [];
+        $match = $attrs;
+
+        if (empty($attrs = trim($attrs))) {
+            return new ElemAttrs($match, $pairs);
+        }
+
+        if ('=' === substr($attrs, 0, 1)) {
+            // [bbcode=value] notation
+            $pairs['@value'] = substr($attrs, 1);
+            return new ElemAttrs($match, $pairs);
+        }
+
+        $offset = 0;
+        $length = \strlen($attrs);
+        while ($offset < $length) {
+            if (!preg_match(self::RE_ATTR, $attrs, $m, 0, $offset)) {
+                // we could throw here, but the text-input is in most
+                // cases provided by users. so we just discard it
+                break;
+            }
+            $pairs[$m[1]] = $this->parseAttr($m[2]);
+            $offset += \strlen($m[0]);
+        }
+
+        return new ElemAttrs($match, $pairs);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * parses an attribute (value).
+     *
+     * @param string $value
+     *
+     * @return string
      */
-    public function parseText(string $textData): iterable;
+    private function parseAttr(string $value): string
+    {
+        switch (substr($value, 0, 1)) {
+            case '"':
+            case "'":
+                return substr($value, 1, -1) ?: '';
+            default:
+                return $value;
+        }
+    }
 
     /**
-     * exports a parsed token to its string-form.
+     * exports node.
      *
-     * @param Token       $token
+     * @param Node        $node
      * @param string|null $body
      *
      * @return string
      */
-    public function exportToken(Token $token, ?string $body): string;
+    public function exportNode(Node $node, ?string $body): string
+    {
+        if ($node instanceof TextNode) {
+            return $body ?: $node->getBody();
+        }
+
+        \assert($node instanceof ElemNode);
+        $bbcode = $node->getName();
+        $buffer = "[{$bbcode}";
+        $buffer .= $node->getAttrMatch();
+        $buffer .= ']';
+        $buffer .= $body ?: $this->exportBody($node->getBody());
+        return $buffer . "[/{$bbcode}]";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * exports a node body.
+     *
+     * @param NodeList|string $nodeBody
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    private function exportBody($nodeBody): string
+    {
+        if (\is_string($nodeBody)) {
+            return $nodeBody;
+        }
+
+        \assert($nodeBody instanceof NodeList);
+
+        $buffer = '';
+        foreach ($nodeBody as $subNode) {
+            $buffer .= $this->exportNode($subNode, null);
+        }
+        return $buffer;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/app/Parser/PregParser.php b/app/Parser/PregParser.php
deleted file mode 100644
index df8533c..0000000
--- a/app/Parser/PregParser.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-declare(strict_types=1);
-
-namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
-
-use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Exceptions\Exception;
-
-/**
- * this parser uses pcre (regular expressions)
- * to parse incoming code.
- */
-final class PregParser implements Parser
-{
-    /** pattern used to tokenize the text */
-    private const RE_SPLIT = '/\[(?:\\/code|code(=\w+|(?:\s+\w+=(?:"[^"]*"|\S+))*))\]/i';
-
-    /** pattern used to tokenize attributes */
-    private const RE_ATTRS = '/\G\s*(\w+)=("[^"]*"|\S+)/';
-
-    /**
-     * {@inheritdoc}
-     *
-     * @param string $filePath
-     *
-     * @return iterable<Token>
-     */
-    public function parseFile(string $filePath): iterable
-    {
-        $textData = file_get_contents($filePath);
-
-        if (false === $textData) {
-            throw new Exception('unable to parse file: ' . $filePath);
-        }
-
-        yield from $this->parseText($textData);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * {@inheritdoc}
-     *
-     * @param string $textData
-     *
-     * @return @return iterable<Token>
-     */
-    public function parseText(string $textData): iterable
-    {
-        // the structure looks like this after the split:
-        // 0 => text
-        // 1 => code-tag attributes
-        // 2 => code-tag body
-        // 3 => text
-        // 4 => ...
-
-        $split = preg_split(self::RE_SPLIT, $textData, -1,
-            PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);
-
-        if (0 === ($count = \count($split))) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        $index = 0;
-        while ($index < $count) {
-            $attrs = null;
-
-            if (0 !== $index % 3) {
-                $attrs = $this->parseAttrs($split[$index++]);
-                $kind = Token::T_CODE;
-            } else {
-                $kind = Token::T_TEXT;
-            }
-
-            $body = $split[$index++];
-            yield new Token($kind, $body, $attrs);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * parses an attribute string from a code-tag.
-     *
-     * @param string $attrs
-     *
-     * @return array<string,string>|null
-     */
-    private function parseAttrs(string $attrs): ?array
-    {
-        // ensure a language
-        $attrMap = ['lang' => 'text'];
-
-        if (empty($attrs = trim($attrs))) {
-            return $attrMap;
-        }
-
-        if ('=' === substr($attrs, 0, 1)) {
-            // [code=lang] notation
-            $attrMap['lang'] = substr($attrs, 1);
-            return $attrMap;
-        }
-
-        $offset = 0;
-        $length = \strlen($attrs);
-        while ($offset < $length) {
-            if (!preg_match(self::RE_ATTRS, $attrs, $m, 0, $offset)) {
-                // we could throw here, but the text-input is in most
-                // cases provided by users. so we just discard it
-                break;
-            }
-
-            $attrMap[$m[1]] = $this->parseAttr($m[2]);
-            $offset += \strlen($m[0]);
-        }
-
-        return $attrMap;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * parses an attribute (value).
-     *
-     * @param string $value
-     *
-     * @return string
-     */
-    private function parseAttr(string $value): string
-    {
-        switch (substr($value, 0, 1)) {
-            case '"':
-            case "'":
-                return substr($value, 1, -1) ?: '';
-            default:
-                return $value;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * {@inheritdoc}
-     *
-     * @param Token       $token
-     * @param string|null $body
-     *
-     * @return string
-     */
-    public function exportToken(Token $token, ?string $body): string
-    {
-        if ($token->isText()) {
-            return $body ?: $token->getBody();
-        }
-
-        $buffer = '[CODE';
-        $attrMap = $token->getAttributes();
-
-        foreach ($attrMap as $name => $value) {
-            $buffer .= ' ' . $name . '="' . $value . '"';
-        }
-
-        $buffer .= ']';
-        $buffer .= $body ?: $token->getBody();
-        return $buffer . '[/CODE]';
-    }
-}
diff --git a/app/Parser/State.php b/app/Parser/State.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab01f7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Parser/State.php
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
+
+/**
+ * used internally as a parse-state.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class State
+{
+    /** @var string */
+    public string $input;
+
+    /** @var int */
+    public int $length;
+
+    /** @var int */
+    public int $offset;
+
+    /**
+     * constructs a new state.
+     *
+     * @param string $input
+     */
+    public function __construct(string $input)
+    {
+        $this->input = $input;
+        $this->length = \strlen($input);
+        $this->offset = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * checks if this state is still valid.
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    public function valid(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->offset < $this->length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * marks the state a finished.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function finish()
+    {
+        $this->offset = $this->length;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Parser/TextNode.php b/app/Parser/TextNode.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8dfb662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Parser/TextNode.php
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
+
+/**
+ * this class represents a text-node.
+ */
+final class TextNode extends Node
+{
+    /** @var string */
+    private $body;
+
+    /**
+     * constructs a new text-node.
+     *
+     * @param string $body
+     */
+    public function __construct(string $body)
+    {
+        parent::__construct(Node::KIND_TEXT);
+        $this->body = $body;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * returns the node-body.
+     *
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function getBody(): string
+    {
+        return $this->body;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Parser/Token.php b/app/Parser/Token.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 41ec9c1..0000000
--- a/app/Parser/Token.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-declare(strict_types=1);
-
-namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser;
-
-final class Token
-{
-    /** text token */
-    public const T_TEXT = 1;
-
-    /** code token */
-    public const T_CODE = 2;
-
-    /** @var int */
-    private $kind;
-
-    /** @var string */
-    private $body;
-
-    /** @var array<string,string> */
-    private $attrs = [];
-
-    /**
-     * constructor.
-     *
-     * @param int                       $kind
-     * @param string                    $body
-     * @param array<string,string>|null $attrs
-     */
-    public function __construct(int $kind, string $body, ?array $attrs)
-    {
-        $this->kind = $kind;
-        $this->body = $body;
-
-        if (null !== $attrs) {
-            $this->attrs = $attrs;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * returns true if this token represents a text-token.
-     *
-     * @return bool
-     */
-    public function isText(): bool
-    {
-        return self::T_TEXT === $this->kind;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * returns true if this token represents a code-token.
-     *
-     * @return bool
-     */
-    public function isCode(): bool
-    {
-        return self::T_CODE === $this->kind;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * returns the token body.
-     *
-     * @return string
-     */
-    public function getBody(): string
-    {
-        return $this->body;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * returns a single attribute.
-     *
-     * @param string $name
-     *
-     * @return string|null
-     */
-    public function getAttribute(string $name): ?string
-    {
-        return $this->attrs[$name] ?? null;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * returns a COW reference to this tokens attributes.
-     *
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function getAttributes(): array
-    {
-        return $this->attrs;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index 7344668..dcecc59 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -9,8 +9,14 @@
             "DevCommunityDE\\CodeFormatter\\": "app"
         }
     },
+    "autoload-dev": {
+        "psr-4": {
+            "DevCommunityDE\\CodeFormatter\\Tests\\": "tests/"
+        }
+    },
     "require-dev": {
         "symfony/var-dumper": "^5.0",
+        "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.2",
         "phan/phan": "^3.0"
     }
 }
diff --git a/composer.lock b/composer.lock
index 49b022a..69502d7 100644
--- a/composer.lock
+++ b/composer.lock
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
         "Read more about it at https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#installing-dependencies",
         "This file is @generated automatically"
     ],
-    "content-hash": "8cc714456f7638686a09ab023631b60d",
+    "content-hash": "8b81cfd21bdd0ccc280ba04b9c0152c9",
     "packages": [],
     "packages-dev": [
         {
@@ -113,6 +113,76 @@
             ],
             "time": "2020-06-04T11:16:35+00:00"
         },
+        {
+            "name": "doctrine/instantiator",
+            "version": "1.3.1",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/doctrine/instantiator.git",
+                "reference": "f350df0268e904597e3bd9c4685c53e0e333feea"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/doctrine/instantiator/zipball/f350df0268e904597e3bd9c4685c53e0e333feea",
+                "reference": "f350df0268e904597e3bd9c4685c53e0e333feea",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": "^7.1 || ^8.0"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "doctrine/coding-standard": "^6.0",
+                "ext-pdo": "*",
+                "ext-phar": "*",
+                "phpbench/phpbench": "^0.13",
+                "phpstan/phpstan-phpunit": "^0.11",
+                "phpstan/phpstan-shim": "^0.11",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^7.0"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "1.2.x-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "Doctrine\\Instantiator\\": "src/Doctrine/Instantiator/"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Marco Pivetta",
+                    "email": "ocramius@gmail.com",
+                    "homepage": "http://ocramius.github.com/"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "A small, lightweight utility to instantiate objects in PHP without invoking their constructors",
+            "homepage": "https://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/instantiator.html",
+            "keywords": [
+                "constructor",
+                "instantiate"
+            ],
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.doctrine-project.org/sponsorship.html",
+                    "type": "custom"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.patreon.com/phpdoctrine",
+                    "type": "patreon"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://tidelift.com/funding/github/packagist/doctrine%2Finstantiator",
+                    "type": "tidelift"
+                }
+            ],
+            "time": "2020-05-29T17:27:14+00:00"
+        },
         {
             "name": "felixfbecker/advanced-json-rpc",
             "version": "v3.1.1",
@@ -195,6 +265,60 @@
             "description": "Tolerant PHP-to-AST parser designed for IDE usage scenarios",
             "time": "2020-02-18T02:57:19+00:00"
         },
+        {
+            "name": "myclabs/deep-copy",
+            "version": "1.10.1",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/myclabs/DeepCopy.git",
+                "reference": "969b211f9a51aa1f6c01d1d2aef56d3bd91598e5"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/myclabs/DeepCopy/zipball/969b211f9a51aa1f6c01d1d2aef56d3bd91598e5",
+                "reference": "969b211f9a51aa1f6c01d1d2aef56d3bd91598e5",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": "^7.1 || ^8.0"
+            },
+            "replace": {
+                "myclabs/deep-copy": "self.version"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "doctrine/collections": "^1.0",
+                "doctrine/common": "^2.6",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^7.1"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "DeepCopy\\": "src/DeepCopy/"
+                },
+                "files": [
+                    "src/DeepCopy/deep_copy.php"
+                ]
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "description": "Create deep copies (clones) of your objects",
+            "keywords": [
+                "clone",
+                "copy",
+                "duplicate",
+                "object",
+                "object graph"
+            ],
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://tidelift.com/funding/github/packagist/myclabs/deep-copy",
+                    "type": "tidelift"
+                }
+            ],
+            "time": "2020-06-29T13:22:24+00:00"
+        },
         {
             "name": "netresearch/jsonmapper",
             "version": "v2.1.0",
@@ -293,300 +417,1656 @@
             },
             "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
             "license": [
-                "MIT"
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Tyson Andre"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Rasmus Lerdorf"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Andrew S. Morrison"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "A static analyzer for PHP",
+            "keywords": [
+                "analyzer",
+                "php",
+                "static"
+            ],
+            "time": "2020-07-03T23:01:25+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "phar-io/manifest",
+            "version": "1.0.3",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/phar-io/manifest.git",
+                "reference": "7761fcacf03b4d4f16e7ccb606d4879ca431fcf4"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/phar-io/manifest/zipball/7761fcacf03b4d4f16e7ccb606d4879ca431fcf4",
+                "reference": "7761fcacf03b4d4f16e7ccb606d4879ca431fcf4",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "ext-dom": "*",
+                "ext-phar": "*",
+                "phar-io/version": "^2.0",
+                "php": "^5.6 || ^7.0"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "1.0.x-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "classmap": [
+                    "src/"
+                ]
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "BSD-3-Clause"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Arne Blankerts",
+                    "email": "arne@blankerts.de",
+                    "role": "Developer"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Sebastian Heuer",
+                    "email": "sebastian@phpeople.de",
+                    "role": "Developer"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Sebastian Bergmann",
+                    "email": "sebastian@phpunit.de",
+                    "role": "Developer"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Component for reading phar.io manifest information from a PHP Archive (PHAR)",
+            "time": "2018-07-08T19:23:20+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "phar-io/version",
+            "version": "2.0.1",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/phar-io/version.git",
+                "reference": "45a2ec53a73c70ce41d55cedef9063630abaf1b6"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/phar-io/version/zipball/45a2ec53a73c70ce41d55cedef9063630abaf1b6",
+                "reference": "45a2ec53a73c70ce41d55cedef9063630abaf1b6",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": "^5.6 || ^7.0"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "autoload": {
+                "classmap": [
+                    "src/"
+                ]
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "BSD-3-Clause"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Arne Blankerts",
+                    "email": "arne@blankerts.de",
+                    "role": "Developer"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Sebastian Heuer",
+                    "email": "sebastian@phpeople.de",
+                    "role": "Developer"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Sebastian Bergmann",
+                    "email": "sebastian@phpunit.de",
+                    "role": "Developer"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Library for handling version information and constraints",
+            "time": "2018-07-08T19:19:57+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "phpdocumentor/reflection-common",
+            "version": "2.2.0",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/phpDocumentor/ReflectionCommon.git",
+                "reference": "1d01c49d4ed62f25aa84a747ad35d5a16924662b"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/phpDocumentor/ReflectionCommon/zipball/1d01c49d4ed62f25aa84a747ad35d5a16924662b",
+                "reference": "1d01c49d4ed62f25aa84a747ad35d5a16924662b",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": "^7.2 || ^8.0"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-2.x": "2.x-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "phpDocumentor\\Reflection\\": "src/"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Jaap van Otterdijk",
+                    "email": "opensource@ijaap.nl"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Common reflection classes used by phpdocumentor to reflect the code structure",
+            "homepage": "http://www.phpdoc.org",
+            "keywords": [
+                "FQSEN",
+                "phpDocumentor",
+                "phpdoc",
+                "reflection",
+                "static analysis"
+            ],
+            "time": "2020-06-27T09:03:43+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "phpdocumentor/reflection-docblock",
+            "version": "5.1.0",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/phpDocumentor/ReflectionDocBlock.git",
+                "reference": "cd72d394ca794d3466a3b2fc09d5a6c1dc86b47e"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/phpDocumentor/ReflectionDocBlock/zipball/cd72d394ca794d3466a3b2fc09d5a6c1dc86b47e",
+                "reference": "cd72d394ca794d3466a3b2fc09d5a6c1dc86b47e",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "ext-filter": "^7.1",
+                "php": "^7.2",
+                "phpdocumentor/reflection-common": "^2.0",
+                "phpdocumentor/type-resolver": "^1.0",
+                "webmozart/assert": "^1"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "doctrine/instantiator": "^1",
+                "mockery/mockery": "^1"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "5.x-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "phpDocumentor\\Reflection\\": "src"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Mike van Riel",
+                    "email": "me@mikevanriel.com"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Jaap van Otterdijk",
+                    "email": "account@ijaap.nl"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "With this component, a library can provide support for annotations via DocBlocks or otherwise retrieve information that is embedded in a DocBlock.",
+            "time": "2020-02-22T12:28:44+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "phpdocumentor/type-resolver",
+            "version": "1.3.0",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/phpDocumentor/TypeResolver.git",
+                "reference": "e878a14a65245fbe78f8080eba03b47c3b705651"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/phpDocumentor/TypeResolver/zipball/e878a14a65245fbe78f8080eba03b47c3b705651",
+                "reference": "e878a14a65245fbe78f8080eba03b47c3b705651",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": "^7.2 || ^8.0",
+                "phpdocumentor/reflection-common": "^2.0"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "ext-tokenizer": "*"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-1.x": "1.x-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "phpDocumentor\\Reflection\\": "src"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Mike van Riel",
+                    "email": "me@mikevanriel.com"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "A PSR-5 based resolver of Class names, Types and Structural Element Names",
+            "time": "2020-06-27T10:12:23+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "phpspec/prophecy",
+            "version": "1.11.1",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/phpspec/prophecy.git",
+                "reference": "b20034be5efcdab4fb60ca3a29cba2949aead160"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/phpspec/prophecy/zipball/b20034be5efcdab4fb60ca3a29cba2949aead160",
+                "reference": "b20034be5efcdab4fb60ca3a29cba2949aead160",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "doctrine/instantiator": "^1.2",
+                "php": "^7.2",
+                "phpdocumentor/reflection-docblock": "^5.0",
+                "sebastian/comparator": "^3.0 || ^4.0",
+                "sebastian/recursion-context": "^3.0 || ^4.0"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "phpspec/phpspec": "^6.0",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^8.0"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "1.11.x-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "Prophecy\\": "src/Prophecy"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Konstantin Kudryashov",
+                    "email": "ever.zet@gmail.com",
+                    "homepage": "http://everzet.com"
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+                    "email": "sebastian@phpunit.de"
                 }
             ],
-            "description": "Common Container Interface (PHP FIG PSR-11)",
-            "homepage": "https://github.com/php-fig/container",
-            "keywords": [
-                "PSR-11",
-                "container",
-                "container-interface",
-                "container-interop",
-                "psr"
+            "description": "Provides a list of PHP built-in functions that operate on resources",
+            "homepage": "https://www.github.com/sebastianbergmann/resource-operations",
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann",
+                    "type": "github"
+                }
             ],
-            "time": "2017-02-14T16:28:37+00:00"
+            "time": "2020-06-26T12:16:22+00:00"
         },
         {
-            "name": "psr/log",
-            "version": "1.1.3",
+            "name": "sebastian/type",
+            "version": "2.2.1",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
-                "url": "https://github.com/php-fig/log.git",
-                "reference": "0f73288fd15629204f9d42b7055f72dacbe811fc"
+                "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/type.git",
+                "reference": "86991e2b33446cd96e648c18bcdb1e95afb2c05a"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/php-fig/log/zipball/0f73288fd15629204f9d42b7055f72dacbe811fc",
-                "reference": "0f73288fd15629204f9d42b7055f72dacbe811fc",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/type/zipball/86991e2b33446cd96e648c18bcdb1e95afb2c05a",
+                "reference": "86991e2b33446cd96e648c18bcdb1e95afb2c05a",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
-                "php": ">=5.3.0"
+                "php": "^7.3 || ^8.0"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.2"
             },
             "type": "library",
             "extra": {
                 "branch-alias": {
-                    "dev-master": "1.1.x-dev"
+                    "dev-master": "2.2-dev"
                 }
             },
             "autoload": {
-                "psr-4": {
-                    "Psr\\Log\\": "Psr/Log/"
-                }
+                "classmap": [
+                    "src/"
+                ]
             },
             "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
             "license": [
-                "MIT"
+                "BSD-3-Clause"
             ],
             "authors": [
                 {
-                    "name": "PHP-FIG",
-                    "homepage": "http://www.php-fig.org/"
+                    "name": "Sebastian Bergmann",
+                    "email": "sebastian@phpunit.de",
+                    "role": "lead"
                 }
             ],
-            "description": "Common interface for logging libraries",
-            "homepage": "https://github.com/php-fig/log",
-            "keywords": [
-                "log",
-                "psr",
-                "psr-3"
+            "description": "Collection of value objects that represent the types of the PHP type system",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/type",
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann",
+                    "type": "github"
+                }
             ],
-            "time": "2020-03-23T09:12:05+00:00"
+            "time": "2020-07-05T08:31:53+00:00"
         },
         {
-            "name": "sabre/event",
-            "version": "5.1.0",
+            "name": "sebastian/version",
+            "version": "3.0.1",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
-                "url": "https://github.com/sabre-io/event.git",
-                "reference": "d00a17507af0e7544cfe17096372f5d733e3b276"
+                "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/version.git",
+                "reference": "626586115d0ed31cb71483be55beb759b5af5a3c"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sabre-io/event/zipball/d00a17507af0e7544cfe17096372f5d733e3b276",
-                "reference": "d00a17507af0e7544cfe17096372f5d733e3b276",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/sebastianbergmann/version/zipball/626586115d0ed31cb71483be55beb759b5af5a3c",
+                "reference": "626586115d0ed31cb71483be55beb759b5af5a3c",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
-                "php": "^7.1"
-            },
-            "require-dev": {
-                "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "~2.16.1",
-                "phpunit/phpunit": "^7 || ^8"
+                "php": "^7.3 || ^8.0"
             },
             "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "3.0-dev"
+                }
+            },
             "autoload": {
-                "psr-4": {
-                    "Sabre\\Event\\": "lib/"
-                },
-                "files": [
-                    "lib/coroutine.php",
-                    "lib/Loop/functions.php",
-                    "lib/Promise/functions.php"
+                "classmap": [
+                    "src/"
                 ]
             },
             "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
@@ -595,27 +2075,20 @@
             ],
             "authors": [
                 {
-                    "name": "Evert Pot",
-                    "email": "me@evertpot.com",
-                    "homepage": "http://evertpot.com/",
-                    "role": "Developer"
+                    "name": "Sebastian Bergmann",
+                    "email": "sebastian@phpunit.de",
+                    "role": "lead"
                 }
             ],
-            "description": "sabre/event is a library for lightweight event-based programming",
-            "homepage": "http://sabre.io/event/",
-            "keywords": [
-                "EventEmitter",
-                "async",
-                "coroutine",
-                "eventloop",
-                "events",
-                "hooks",
-                "plugin",
-                "promise",
-                "reactor",
-                "signal"
+            "description": "Library that helps with managing the version number of Git-hosted PHP projects",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/version",
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann",
+                    "type": "github"
+                }
             ],
-            "time": "2020-01-31T18:52:29+00:00"
+            "time": "2020-06-26T12:18:43+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "symfony/console",
@@ -1317,6 +2790,52 @@
             ],
             "time": "2020-05-30T20:35:19+00:00"
         },
+        {
+            "name": "theseer/tokenizer",
+            "version": "1.2.0",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/theseer/tokenizer.git",
+                "reference": "75a63c33a8577608444246075ea0af0d052e452a"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/theseer/tokenizer/zipball/75a63c33a8577608444246075ea0af0d052e452a",
+                "reference": "75a63c33a8577608444246075ea0af0d052e452a",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "ext-dom": "*",
+                "ext-tokenizer": "*",
+                "ext-xmlwriter": "*",
+                "php": "^7.2 || ^8.0"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "autoload": {
+                "classmap": [
+                    "src/"
+                ]
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "BSD-3-Clause"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Arne Blankerts",
+                    "email": "arne@blankerts.de",
+                    "role": "Developer"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "A small library for converting tokenized PHP source code into XML and potentially other formats",
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://github.com/theseer",
+                    "type": "github"
+                }
+            ],
+            "time": "2020-07-12T23:59:07+00:00"
+        },
         {
             "name": "webmozart/assert",
             "version": "1.9.1",
@@ -1373,7 +2892,7 @@
     "prefer-stable": false,
     "prefer-lowest": false,
     "platform": {
-        "php": ">=7.3"
+        "php": "^7.4"
     },
     "platform-dev": [],
     "plugin-api-version": "1.1.0"
diff --git a/phpunit.xml b/phpunit.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49331cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpunit.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="./vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit.xsd"
+         bootstrap="./vendor/autoload.php"
+         colors="true"
+         testdox="true">
+  <testsuites>
+    <testsuite name="Unit">
+      <directory suffix="Test.php">tests</directory>
+    </testsuite>
+  </testsuites>
+</phpunit>
diff --git a/tests/Parser/Helpers/ParserTestHelpers.php b/tests/Parser/Helpers/ParserTestHelpers.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84a9b50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Parser/Helpers/ParserTestHelpers.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Tests\Parser\Helpers;
+
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\Node;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\Parser;
+
+trait ParserTestHelpers
+{
+    /**
+     * parses a file and returns it as array of nodes.
+     *
+     * @param string $input
+     *
+     * @return Node[]
+     */
+    private function parseFileToArray(string $input): array
+    {
+        $parser = new Parser();
+        return iterator_to_array($parser->parseFile($input));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * parses a text and returns it as array of nodes.
+     *
+     * @param string $input
+     *
+     * @return Node[]
+     */
+    private function parseTextToArray(string $input): array
+    {
+        $parser = new Parser();
+        return iterator_to_array($parser->parseText($input));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Parser/ParserTest.php b/tests/Parser/ParserTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26f0238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Parser/ParserTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+namespace DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Tests\Parser;
+
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Exceptions\Exception;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\ElemNode;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\NodeList;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\Parser;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Parser\TextNode;
+use DevCommunityDE\CodeFormatter\Tests\Parser\Helpers\ParserTestHelpers;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+use Traversable;
+
+final class ParserTest extends TestCase
+{
+    use ParserTestHelpers;
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Parsing a file should behave the same as parsing text
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testFileTextParsing()
+    {
+        $input = __DIR__ . '/input.txt';
+        $fromText = $this->parseTextToArray(file_get_contents($input));
+        $fromFile = $this->parseFileToArray($input);
+        $this->assertEquals($fromText, $fromFile);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Parsing a non-existent file should throw
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testFileParsing()
+    {
+        $input = __DIR__ . '/non-existent.txt';
+        $this->assertFalse(file_exists($input));
+        $this->expectException(Exception::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('unable to open file: ' . $input);
+        $this->parseFileToArray($input);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox PLAIN bbcodes should consume other bbcodes
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testPlainElement()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray(
+            'before' .
+            '[plain][code]test[/code][/plain]' .
+            'after'
+        )
+        ;
+        $this->assertCount(3, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('before', $node0->getBody());
+
+        $node1 = $nodes[1];
+        \assert($node1 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertNotTrue($node1->isCode());
+        $this->assertNotTrue($node1->isRich());
+        $this->assertNull($node1->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('plain', $node1->getName());
+        $this->assertEquals('', $node1->getAttrMatch());
+
+        $elemBody = $node1->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('[code]test[/code]', $elemBody);
+
+        $node2 = $nodes[2];
+        \assert($node2 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('after', $node2->getBody());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Brackets inside text shouldn't yield additional text-nodes
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testBracketsInsideText()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('hello[[[[[');
+        $this->assertCount(1, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('hello[[[[[', $node0->getBody());
+
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('hello[[[[[code]test[/code]');
+        $this->assertCount(2, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('hello[[[[', $node0->getBody());
+
+        $node1 = $nodes[1];
+        \assert($node1 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node1->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($node1->isRich());
+        $this->assertNull($node1->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('', $node1->getAttrMatch());
+
+        $elemBody = $node1->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('test', $elemBody);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Unmatched closing bbcodes should be treated as text
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testUnmatchedClosingElements()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('[code]a[/code]b[/code]');
+        $this->assertCount(2, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node0->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($node0->isRich());
+        $this->assertNull($node0->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('', $node0->getAttrMatch());
+
+        $elemBody = $node0->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('a', $elemBody);
+
+        $node1 = $nodes[1];
+        \assert($node1 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('b[/code]', $node1->getBody());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Nested CODE bbcodes should behave the same as in XenForo
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testNestedCodeElements()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('[code][code]test[/code][/code]');
+        $this->assertCount(2, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node0->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($node0->isRich());
+        $this->assertNull($node0->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('', $node0->getAttrMatch());
+
+        $elemBody = $node0->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('[code]test', $elemBody);
+
+        $node1 = $nodes[1];
+        \assert($node1 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('[/code]', $node1->getBody());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Unclosed bbcodes should consume the rest of the input as body
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testUnclosedElements()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('[code]test');
+        $this->assertCount(1, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node0->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($node0->isRich());
+        $this->assertNull($node0->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('', $node0->getAttrMatch());
+
+        $elemBody = $node0->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('test', $elemBody);
+
+        // it would be possible to treat any opening bbcode
+        // as an implicit closing bbcode (if another bbcode is open).
+        // currently, the parser just consumes everything ignoring
+        // other bbcodes inside.
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('[code]a[plain]b[/plain]');
+        $this->assertCount(1, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node0->isCode());
+
+        $elemBody = $node0->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('a[plain]b[/plain]', $elemBody);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Verify that attributes are parsed correctly and are exported as-is
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testAttributeParsing()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('[code=css]test{}[/code]');
+        $this->assertCount(1, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node0->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($node0->isRich());
+        $this->assertEquals('css', $node0->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('=css', $node0->getAttrMatch());
+        $this->assertEquals('css', $node0->getAttr('@value'));
+
+        $elemBody = $node0->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('test{}', $elemBody);
+
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('[code lang="css" title="Test 123"]test{}[/code]');
+        $this->assertCount(1, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node0->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($node0->isRich());
+        $this->assertEquals('css', $node0->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals(' lang="css" title="Test 123"', $node0->getAttrMatch());
+        $this->assertEquals('css', $node0->getAttr('lang'));
+        $this->assertEquals('Test 123', $node0->getAttr('title'));
+
+        $elemBody = $node0->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('test{}', $elemBody);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Verify that parsed bbcodes are exported as-is
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testElementExports()
+    {
+        $parser = new Parser();
+        $inputs = [
+            '[code=css]test{}[/code]',
+            '[code lang=css title="Test"]test{}[/code]',
+            '[plain][code=css]test{}[/code][/plain]',
+            '[CODE]test[/CODE]',
+            '[code]test[/code]',
+            '[code=rich][code]test[/code]test[/code]',
+            '[CODE=css]test[[[[/CODE]',
+        ];
+
+        foreach ($inputs as $input) {
+            $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray($input);
+            $this->assertCount(1, $nodes);
+            $this->assertInstanceOf(ElemNode::class, $nodes[0]);
+            $export = $parser->exportNode($nodes[0], null);
+            $this->assertEquals($input, $export);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Verify that CODE=rich is parsed correctly
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testRichCode()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray(
+            'before' .
+            '[code=rich]' .
+                'hello' .
+                '[code=css].test { color: red; }[/code]' .
+                'world' .
+            '[/code]' .
+            'after'
+        );
+
+        $this->assertCount(3, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('before', $node0->getBody());
+
+        $node2 = $nodes[2];
+        \assert($node2 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('after', $node2->getBody());
+
+        $node1 = $nodes[1];
+        \assert($node1 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node1->isCode());
+        $this->assertTrue($node1->isRich());
+        $this->assertEquals('rich', $node1->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('=rich', $node1->getAttrMatch());
+        $this->assertEquals('rich', $node1->getAttr('@value'));
+
+        $nodeList = $node1->getBody();
+        \assert($nodeList instanceof NodeList);
+        $nodeIter = $nodeList->getIterator();
+        $this->assertInstanceOf(Traversable::class, $nodeIter);
+
+        $nodeListArray = iterator_to_array($nodeIter);
+        $this->assertIsArray($nodeListArray);
+
+        $elemBody = $nodeList->toArray();
+        $this->assertIsArray($elemBody);
+        $this->assertCount(3, $elemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals($elemBody, $nodeListArray);
+
+        $subNode0 = $elemBody[0];
+        \assert($subNode0 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('hello', $subNode0->getBody());
+
+        $subNode1 = $elemBody[1];
+        \assert($subNode1 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($subNode1->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($subNode1->isRich());
+        $this->assertEquals('css', $subNode1->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('=css', $subNode1->getAttrMatch());
+        $this->assertEquals('css', $subNode1->getAttr('@value'));
+
+        $subElemBody = $subNode1->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($subElemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('.test { color: red; }', $subElemBody);
+
+        $subNode2 = $elemBody[2];
+        \assert($subNode2 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('world', $subNode2->getBody());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox Check nested CODE=rich elements
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testNestedRichCode()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray(
+            'before' .
+            '[code=rich]' .
+                '[code lang="rich" title="inner"]' .
+                    '[code]test[/code]' .
+                '[/code]' .
+                'between' .
+                '[code=rich][b]test2[/b][/code]' .
+            '[/code]' .
+            'after'
+        );
+
+        $this->assertCount(3, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('before', $node0->getBody());
+
+        $node1 = $nodes[1];
+        \assert($node1 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node1->isCode());
+        $this->assertTrue($node1->isRich());
+        $this->assertEquals('rich', $node1->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('=rich', $node1->getAttrMatch());
+        $this->assertEquals('rich', $node1->getAttr('@value'));
+
+        $nodeList = $node1->getBody();
+        \assert($nodeList instanceof NodeList);
+
+        $elemBody = $nodeList->toArray();
+        $this->assertCount(3, $elemBody);
+
+        $subNode0 = $elemBody[0];
+        \assert($subNode0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($subNode0->isCode());
+        $this->assertTrue($subNode0->isRich());
+        $this->assertEquals('rich', $subNode0->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('rich', $subNode0->getAttr('lang'));
+        $this->assertEquals('inner', $subNode0->getAttr('title'));
+        $this->assertEquals(' lang="rich" title="inner"', $subNode0->getAttrMatch());
+        $this->assertNull($subNode0->getAttr('@value'));
+
+        $subNodeList = $subNode0->getBody();
+        \assert($subNodeList instanceof NodeList);
+
+        $subElemBody = $subNodeList->toArray();
+        $this->assertCount(1, $subElemBody);
+
+        $subSubNode0 = $subElemBody[0];
+        \assert($subSubNode0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($subSubNode0->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($subSubNode0->isRich());
+
+        $subSubElemBody = $subSubNode0->getBody();
+        $this->assertIsString($subSubElemBody);
+        $this->assertEquals('test', $subSubElemBody);
+
+        $subNode1 = $elemBody[1];
+        \assert($subNode1 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('between', $subNode1->getBody());
+
+        $subNode2 = $elemBody[2];
+        \assert($subNode2 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($subNode2->isCode());
+        $this->assertTrue($subNode2->isRich());
+        $this->assertEquals('rich', $subNode2->getLang());
+        $this->assertNull($subNode2->getAttr('lang'));
+        $this->assertEquals('=rich', $subNode2->getAttrMatch());
+        $this->assertEquals('rich', $subNode2->getAttr('@value'));
+
+        $subNodeList = $subNode2->getBody();
+        \assert($subNodeList instanceof NodeList);
+
+        $subElemBody = $subNodeList->toArray();
+        $this->assertCount(1, $subElemBody);
+
+        $subSubNode0 = $subElemBody[0];
+        \assert($subSubNode0 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('[b]test2[/b]', $subSubNode0->getBody());
+
+        $node2 = $nodes[2];
+        \assert($node2 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('after', $node2->getBody());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @testdox The parser should make the best out of invalid inputs
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function testInvalidInputs()
+    {
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('[code lang=""""title="test"ing][/code]');
+        $this->assertCount(1, $nodes);
+
+        // TODO XenForo does not recognize this as a bbcode ...
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof ElemNode);
+        $this->assertTrue($node0->isCode());
+        $this->assertFalse($node0->isRich());
+
+        // the `lang=""` part gets parsed correctly, because the parser
+        // matched the attribute string not containing white-space (\S+)
+        $this->assertEquals('', $node0->getLang());
+        $this->assertEquals('', $node0->getAttr('lang'));
+
+        $this->assertEquals(' lang=""""title="test"ing', $node0->getAttrMatch());
+        $this->assertNull($node0->getAttr('@value'));
+        $this->assertNull($node0->getAttr('title'));
+
+        $parser = new Parser();
+        $export = $parser->exportNode($node0, null);
+        $this->assertEquals('[code lang=""""title="test"ing][/code]', $export);
+
+        $nodes = $this->parseTextToArray('[code lang= """"title="test"ing][/code]');
+        // note the white-space ---------------------^
+        $this->assertCount(1, $nodes);
+
+        $node0 = $nodes[0];
+        \assert($node0 instanceof TextNode);
+        $this->assertEquals('[code lang= """"title="test"ing][/code]', $node0->getBody());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Parser/input.txt b/tests/Parser/input.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37571d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Parser/input.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+hello
+[code]world[/code]
+[plain][code]testing[/code][/plain]