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M41_3D_Structured_Light.html
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<html>
<head>
<p class="head">Structured light scanning</p>
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</head>
<body>
<div id="Overview">
<p class="thema">Overview</p>
<p><a class="def">Structured scanning</a> is a type of <a target="_blank" class="ref" href="M41_3D.html">3D scanning</a> approach. It is a method for measuring the 3D-shape of an object using projected <a target="frameterms" class="ref" href="https://cvertan.github.io/physics4dh.github.io/1_Light.html">light</a> patterns and a camera system. The main advantage of the structured light projection is very high quality of the digitization. Structured light is typically used for small objects in comparison to laser scanners.</p>
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<div id="P">
<p class="thema">Principle</p>
<p>The basic principle of structured light scanning involves projecting a series of light patterns on the object being scanned, typically using a LCD projector or some other source of stable light. These patterns can take various forms, usually consist of a series of stripes, but can also consist of a matrix of dots or other shapes. The structured light used in the scanning process can be <a target="frameterms" class="ref" href="https://cvertan.github.io/physics4dh.github.io/18_visible_light.html">white</a> or <a target="frameterms" class="ref" href="https://cvertan.github.io/physics4dh.github.io/18_visible_light.html">blue</a>. </p>
<p>As the patterns are projected onto the object, they deform according to the object's shape and geometry. The scanner then uses one or more cameras to capture images of the patterns from different angles, of each projection, and calculate the distance (triangulate) of every point in the field of view. This creates a temporal sequence of different brightness levels. By combining the information from multiple images, the scanner can create a highly accurate 3D model of the object or environment. </p>
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src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/p33qxgdEwVc?autoplay=1&mute=1">
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<div id="Equip">
<p class="thema">Used Equipment</p>
<p>Structured light <b>scanner</b> consists of a <b>light projector</b> and <b>two cameras</b>. Rotation plate is also used to place the small objects, so the objects do not need to be manually rotated when scanning.</p>
<p>As with laser scanning, the structured light 3D scanner is unable to scan transparent objects or <a target="frameterms" class="ref" href="https://cvertan.github.io/physics4dh.github.io/23_Reflection.html">reflective</a> surfaces, because of the lack of visibility of the stripes. However, the problem can be solved with white powder. Black and some very dark colors are impossible to scan because the sensor is unable to differentiate the light stripes from the black background projected on the surface of the object. </p>
<img src="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Plamen-Zahariev/publication/320657865/figure/fig2/AS:563482961641473@1511356215628/Working-principle-of-structured-light-scanner.png" alt="Working principle of structured-light scanner"/>
Working principle of structured light scanner © <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Working-principle-of-structured-light-scanner_fig2_320657865">Plamen-Zahariev</a>
<p>Some of structured light scanners are indicated in the Table. </p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Scanner</th>
<th>Operating Range</th>
<th>Specification</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HP Structured Light Pro S3 (DAVID SLS-3)</td>
<td>6-50 cm</td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="https://physimetrics.com/hp-3d-structured-light-scanner-pro-s3/">physimetrics.com</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>EinScan Pro 2X</td>
<td>40 cm</td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="https://www.einscan.com/handheld-3d-scanner/einscan-pro-2x-2020/">www.einscan.com</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>XYZprinting 3D Scanner 2.0</td>
<td>25-60 cm</td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="https://www.xyzprinting.com/en/product/3d-scanner-2-0">www.xyzprinting.com</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div id="Cases">
<p class="thema">Case Studies</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Scanned Object </th>
<!--<th>Scanning Method</th> -->
<th>Source</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Historical clothes from Uzbekistan </td>
<td><a class="ref" target="_blank" href="bibliography.html#Montusiewicz_2021">[Montusiewicz_2021]</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Statue of Idrimi at the British Museum</td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="bibliography.html#Factum_2">www.factumfoundation.org</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p class="acknow">Acknowledgements:
[<a class="ref" href=bibliography.html#Boardman_Bryan_2018>Boardman_Bryan_2018</a>],
[<a class="ref" href=bibliography.html#3dnatives_1>3dnatives_1</a>],
[<a class="ref" href=bibliography.html#Marshall_2012>exactmetrology</a>],
[<a class="ref" href=bibliography.html#wiki>wiki</a>],
[<a class="ref" href=bibliography.html#3D_2006>3D_2006</a>],
[<a class="ref" href=bibliography.html#3D_2023>3D_2023</a>],
[<a class="ref" href=bibliography.html#FactumArte_1>FactumArte_1</a>].</p>
<p class="important">More on the subject:
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mABTDIRksE" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com</a>, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jncpLkDRoeg" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com</a>, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qG30WHSCw7M" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com</a>.
</p>
</body>
</html>