diff --git a/src/onepass.jl b/src/onepass.jl
index 324a32e..85eaf50 100644
--- a/src/onepass.jl
+++ b/src/onepass.jl
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ p_constraint!(p, ocp, e1, e2, e3, label = gensym(); log = false) = begin
             ee2 = replace_call(ee2, p.x, p.tf, xf)
             args = [x0, xf]
             __v_dep(p) && push!(args, p.v)
-            quote
+            quote # todo
                 function $gs($(args...))
                     $ee2
                 end
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ p_constraint!(p, ocp, e1, e2, e3, label = gensym(); log = false) = begin
             __t_dep(p) && push!(args, p.t)
             push!(args, ut)
             __v_dep(p) && push!(args, p.v)
-            quote
+            quote # todo
                 function $gs($(args...))
                     $ee2
                 end
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ p_constraint!(p, ocp, e1, e2, e3, label = gensym(); log = false) = begin
             __t_dep(p) && push!(args, p.t)
             push!(args, xt)
             __v_dep(p) && push!(args, p.v)
-            quote
+            quote # todo
                 function $gs($(args...))
                     $ee2
                 end
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ p_constraint!(p, ocp, e1, e2, e3, label = gensym(); log = false) = begin
         :variable_fun => begin
             gs = gensym()
             args = [p.v]
-            quote
+            quote # todo
                 function $gs($(args...))
                     $e2
                 end
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ p_constraint!(p, ocp, e1, e2, e3, label = gensym(); log = false) = begin
             __t_dep(p) && push!(args, p.t)
             push!(args, xt, ut)
             __v_dep(p) && push!(args, p.v)
-            quote
+            quote # todo
                 function $gs($(args...))
                     $ee2
                 end
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ p_dynamics!(p, ocp, x, t, e, label = nothing; log = false) = begin
     p.t_dep = p.t_dep || has(e, t)
     gs = gensym()
     args = [ ]; __t_dep(p) && push!(args, p.t); push!(args, xt, ut); __v_dep(p) && push!(args, p.v)
-    code = quote
+    code = quote # todo
         function $gs($(args...))
             $e
         end
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ p_lagrange!(p, ocp, e, type; log = false) = begin
     ttype = QuoteNode(type)
     gs = gensym()
     args = [ ]; __t_dep(p) && push!(args, p.t); push!(args, xt, ut); __v_dep(p) && push!(args, p.v)
-    code = quote
+    code = quote # todo
         function $gs($(args...))
             $e
         end
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ p_mayer!(p, ocp, e, type; log = false) = begin
     e = replace_call(e, p.x, p.tf, xf)
     ttype = QuoteNode(type)
     args = [ x0, xf ]; __v_dep(p) && push!(args, p.v)
-    code = quote
+    code = quote # todo
         function $gs($(args...))
             $e
         end
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ p_bolza!(p, ocp, e1, e2, type; log = false) = begin
     push!(args2, xt, ut)
     __v_dep(p) && push!(args2, p.v)
     ttype = QuoteNode(type)
-    code = quote
+    code = quote # todo
         function $gs1($(args1...))
             $e1
         end
@@ -608,16 +608,7 @@ macro def(e)
     esc(code)
 end
 
-macro __def(e) # todo: remove after in place test
-    ocp = gensym()
-    code = quote
-        @def $ocp $e false true # Force in place
-        $ocp
-    end
-    esc(code)
-end
-
-macro def(ocp, e, log = false, in_place = false) # todo: default to in_place 
+macro def(ocp, e, log = false)
     try
         p0 = ParsingInfo()
         parse!(p0, ocp, e; log = false) # initial pass to get the dependencies (time and variable)
@@ -625,6 +616,7 @@ macro def(ocp, e, log = false, in_place = false) # todo: default to in_place
         p.t_dep = p0.t_dep
         p.v = p0.v
         code = parse!(p, ocp, e; log = log)
+        in_place = False # todo: change to True for in place
         init = @match (__t_dep(p), __v_dep(p)) begin
             (false, false) => :($ocp = __OCPModel(; in_place = $in_place))
             (true, false) => :($ocp = __OCPModel(autonomous = false; in_place = $in_place))
diff --git a/src/utils.jl b/src/utils.jl
index 8487e24..bdf4096 100644
--- a/src/utils.jl
+++ b/src/utils.jl
@@ -252,15 +252,15 @@ __view(x::AbstractVector, rg::AbstractRange) = view(x, rg) # Allows StepRange
 $(TYPEDSIGNATURES)
 
 Tranform in place function to out of place. Pass the result size and type (default = `Float64`).
-Return a scalar when the result has size one.
+Return a scalar when the result has size one. If `f!` is `nothing`, return `nothing`.
 """
 function to_out_of_place(f!, n; T = Float64)
-    function f(x...)
+    function f(args...; kwargs...)
         r = zeros(T, n)
-        f!(r, x...)
+        f!(r, args...; kwargs...)
         return n == 1 ? r[1] : r
     end
-    return f
+    return isnothing(f!) ? nothing : f
 end
 
 # Adapt getters to test in place
diff --git a/test/test_utils.jl b/test/test_utils.jl
index cc917e7..2d34ffa 100644
--- a/test/test_utils.jl
+++ b/test/test_utils.jl
@@ -94,5 +94,13 @@ function test_utils()
     end
     @test CTBase.to_out_of_place(f2!, 1; T = Int32)(1, 2) == 3 
 
+    function f3!(r, x; y = 1)
+        r[:] .= x + y
+        return nothing
+    end
+    @test CTBase.to_out_of_place(f3!, 1; T = Int32)(1; y = 2) == 3 
+
+    @test isnothing( CTBase.to_out_of_place(nothing, 1) )
+
     end
 end
\ No newline at end of file