diff --git a/claim_extractor/extractors/fullfact.py b/claim_extractor/extractors/fullfact.py
index 5dfb9e5..0b104e2 100644
--- a/claim_extractor/extractors/fullfact.py
+++ b/claim_extractor/extractors/fullfact.py
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ def extract_claim_and_review(self, parsed_claim_review_page: BeautifulSoup, url:
 
             # Create multiple claims from the main one and add change then the claim text and verdict (rating):
             c = 0
-            while c < len(claim_text_list)-1:
+            while c <= len(claim_text_list)-1:
                 claims.append(claim)
                 claims[c].claim = claim_text_list[c]
                 claims[c].rating = claim_verdict_list[c]
@@ -228,6 +228,10 @@ def extract_claim_and_review(self, parsed_claim_review_page: BeautifulSoup, url:
             # for local_claim in claim_text_list:
             #    claims[claim[len(claim)]] = claims[claim[len(claim)-1]]
 
+
+        #if ( url == "https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/"):
+        #    print("x")
+
         # No Rating? No Claim?
         if not claim.claim or not claim.rating:
             print(url)
diff --git a/output_got.csv b/output_got.csv
index d9b1b40..a5d1669 100644
--- a/output_got.csv
+++ b/output_got.csv
@@ -1,28 +1,45 @@
 ,rating_ratingValue,rating_worstRating,rating_bestRating,rating_alternateName,creativeWork_author_name,creativeWork_datePublished,creativeWork_author_sameAs,claimReview_author_name,claimReview_author_url,claimReview_url,claimReview_claimReviewed,claimReview_datePublished,claimReview_source,claimReview_author,extra_body,extra_refered_links,extra_title,extra_tags,extra_entities_claimReview_claimReviewed,extra_entities_body,extra_entities_keywords,extra_entities_author,related_links
-0,,,,False,Grace Gichuhi,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/grace-gichuhi,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/nairobi-demonstration-solidarity-nigerias-2021-democracy-day-protests-no-photo,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A photo of a group of people waving the flag of Nigeria has been posted on Facebook with the claim that it shows Kenyans in Nairobi “standing in solidarity” with the people of Nigeria.“June 12 Protest: Kenyans stand with Nigerians in solidarity,” the caption reads. “Location: Nairobi. THANK YOU.” The 12 June 2021 post is on a Facebook page with some 14,000 followers. The photo and claim has also been widely shared on Twitter. In 2019, Nigerian president Muhammadu Buhari signed into law that 12 June would be the national holiday of Democracy Day. The holiday is controversial. In 2021, Democracy Day saw protests in several Nigerian cities. The protests were against poor governance and “terrorism, criminal abductions and separatist movements”, according to one report.But what does the photo really show?#EndSARS ProtestsA Google reverse image search reveals that the photo has been online since at least 18 October 2020 – almost eight months before 12 June 2021. It appears in a 2020 article on the website of Premium Times, a credible Nigerian newspaper. The article’s headline is: “ANALYSIS: Will deployment of troops quell or escalate #EndSARS protests?” The photo is watermarked “Premium Times -- Kabiru Yusuf”.The photo is of #EndSARS protests in Nigeria, in October 2020. The protests demanded that the county’s police Special Anti-Robbery Squad (Sars) be disbanded because of the unit’s alleged extrajudicial killings, brutality and human rights abuses.Abuja, not NairobiWe searched the Premium Times news website and found articles by Kabiru Yusuf. Our fact-checking colleagues at Dubawa contacted Yusuf, who said the photo was taken in Abuja, Nigeria’s capital. So, no, the photo was not taken in Nairobi, Kenya, on 12 June 2021. It was taken in Abuja, Nigeria, in October 2020 during the county’s #EndSars protests.","https://web.facebook.com/genevievemmiliaku/posts/171519914983217,https://web.facebook.com/genevievemmiliaku/posts/171519914983217,https://twitter.com/_iAlen/status/1403697588935827459,https://twitter.com/chiefagbabiaka1/status/1403833196190605315,https://thenationonlineng.net/buhari-signs-june-12-democracy-day-bill-into-law/,https://theconversation.com/june-12-is-now-democracy-day-in-nigeria-why-it-matters-118572,https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-57418137,https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nation-is-fire-nigerian-lawmakers-demand-action-security-crisis-2021-04-27/,https://www.voanews.com/africa/nigerians-mark-annual-democracy-day-protests,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/2021-07/Google%20Search-Nigeria%20Photo.pdf,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/421617-analysis-will-deployment-of-troops-quell-or-escalate-endsars-protests.html,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/421617-analysis-will-deployment-of-troops-quell-or-escalate-endsars-protests.html,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/421617-analysis-will-deployment-of-troops-quell-or-escalate-endsars-protests.html,https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2021/02/nigeria-end-impunity-for-police-violence-by-sars-endsars/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/author/kabiruyusuf,https://dubawa.org/endsars-photo-used-to-paint-narrative-kenyans-protest-in-solidarity-with-nigerians/","Nairobi demonstration in solidarity with Nigeria’s 2021 Democracy Day protests? No, photo of 2020 #EndSARS protests in Abuja",,,,,,
-1,,,,False,Naledi Mashishi,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/naledi-mashishi,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-asymptomatic-covid-patients-can-transmit-virus-and-masks-work,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A Facebook video posted on 5 July 2021 claims that studies show asymptomatic Covid-19 patients – people who don’t get sick – can’t transmit the new coronavirus. It also says the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) published a review of studies and found wearing a mask doesn’t stop the spread of Covid.In the video, a woman appears to be standing at a podium, talking to an audience off camera. She says: “Nearly 500 people were recently exposed to a Covid positive asymptomatic carrier. Zero got sick. Asymptomatic carriers of Covid do not spread disease.”She goes on to claim: “The CDC a couple weeks ago did a study where they looked at every single other study in the entire world on face mask wearing and this is what they found. The CDC found, quote, ‘no reduction in viral transmission with the use of face masks’.”The words “the information is there dont say u wernt warned” are printed on the video. It’s been shared more than 1,200 times so far, including in South Africa. Since Covid-19 was declared a pandemic in early 2020, the World Health Organization has warned that Covid patients who don’t show any symptoms of the disease can still spread it to others. It also says masks are a “key measure to suppress transmission and save lives”.Do studies prove that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients can’t spread the disease? And has a CDC analysis found that masks don’t reduce transmission?Video of US attorney Leigh DundasThe video does not identify the woman, where she is, or when the video was taken. It’s poor quality, taken from an original that doesn’t appear to be online anymore.But we did find a short video on Vimeo of a woman named Leigh Dundas, speaking on 13 April. Based on her voice, hairstyle, clothing and the background, it’s likely that the video on Facebook shows this woman, at the same event.In the Vimeo video she identifies herself as a human rights attorney. The video is captioned “Leigh Dundas, Board of Supervisors, April 13 2021”. Dundas, a US attorney, publicly supports that country’s anti-vaccination movement. Voice of OC reports that, in May, she helped organise residents in California’s Orange county to go to local Board of Education meetings to petition against mandatory vaccinations and “vaccine passports”.As Africa Check has found, there is no such thing as mandatory or “universal” vaccination in the US. And vaccine passports don’t exist there.Asymptomatic patients can transmit the virusIn the Facebook video, Dundas refers to a May 2020 study in Wuhan, China. It’s titled A study on infectivity of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers. The Covid-19 pandemic is thought to have started in Wuhan.The researchers studied 455 people who had been in contact with asymptomatic Covid-positive patients. None of the 455 tested positive for Covid-19. But the study didn’t find that people with asymptomatic Covid-19 can’t transmit the virus. Instead, it concluded that “the infectivity of some asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers might be weak”. SARS-CoV-2 is the formal name of the new coronavirus that causes Covid-19.Other studies of asymptomatic carriers have found that they can transmit the virus.A January 2021 study looked at 2,250 people in a “confined” community of university staff in the Canadian province of Quebec. Confinement, the study says, is “used to reflect social restrictions instructed by Quebec's government”.It found that 1.82% of the staff were asymptomatic carriers. None had contact with any known Covid patients. The researchers concluded: “Our results raise concerns about the possibility of viral spread through asymptomatic transmission.” But they added that the rate of asymptomatic transmission was unknown.In February 2021, a study based on daily mass screenings of some 20,000 residents of Luxembourg, a small country in Europe, was published. It found that, on average, asymptomatic patients infected the same number of people as patients with Covid-19 symptoms. The researchers concluded: “Asymptomatic carriers represent a significant risk for transmission.”CDC: Masks reduce Covid spreadAnd what about Dundas’s claim that a CDC analysis had found that masks didn’t reduce the amount of coronavirus transmitted between people?This is not what the CDC website says. A science brief on the site, updated on 7 May 2021, quotes several studies that found face masks reduced the risk of Covid-19 infection by as much as 79%, and had led to declines in daily new cases.The CDC concludes: “Experimental and epidemiological data support community masking to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2.” The CDC also says that making people wear masks can help prevent possible lockdowns in the future. The benefits increase when people are also required to use other measures against Covid: social distancing, hand washing and good ventilation. Conclusion: Video’s claims are falseIn a video posted on Facebook, US anti-vaccination advocate and lawyer Leigh Dundas claims that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients can’t transmit the virus. She also says a study by the US Centers for Disease Control found that masks don’t reduce the spread of the disease.But the CDC study doesn’t conclude that asymptomatic patients can’t transmit the virus. And  other studies have found that asymptomatic patients do transmit the virus. The CDC has published studies supporting the benefits of masks, and says wearing masks can reduce the spread of Covid-19.","https://www.facebook.com/zaayiin.yellodd/videos/vb.100066665882510/247084380557206/?type=2&theater,https://www.cdc.gov/,https://www.facebook.com/zaayiin.yellodd/videos/vb.100066665882510/247084380557206/?type=2&theater,https://www.facebook.com/zaayiin.yellodd/videos/vb.100066665882510/247084380557206/?type=2&theater,https://www.facebook.com/zaayiin.yellodd/videos/vb.100066665882510/247084380557206/?type=2&theater,https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-how-is-it-transmitted,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-masks,https://vimeo.com/537203201,https://vimeo.com/537203201,https://vimeo.com/537203201,https://www.rawstory.com/leigh-dundas/,https://voiceofoc.org/2021/05/oc-supervisors-debate-cancelling-digital-coronavirus-vaccine-records-hundreds-of-people-rail-against-vaccine-passports/,https://voiceofoc.org/2021/05/oc-supervisors-debate-cancelling-digital-coronavirus-vaccine-records-hundreds-of-people-rail-against-vaccine-passports/,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Orange+County,+CA,+USA/@33.6394877,-118.3298942,9z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x80dc925c54d5f7cf:0xdea6c3618ff0d607!8m2!3d33.7174708!4d-117.8311428,https://voiceofoc.org/2021/05/oc-supervisors-debate-cancelling-digital-coronavirus-vaccine-records-hundreds-of-people-rail-against-vaccine-passports/,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-us-supreme-court-hasnt-ruled-against-universal-vaccination-theres-no-such,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-afs:Content:10051817171,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Wuhan,+Hubei,+China/@30.5684073,114.0201922,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x342eaef8dd85f26f:0x39c2c9ac6c582210!8m2!3d30.592849!4d114.305539,https://www.google.com/maps/place/China/@34.4504157,86.0458274,4z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x31508e64e5c642c1:0x951daa7c349f366f!8m2!3d35.86166!4d104.195397,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219423/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00502-4,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219423/,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219423/,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320307811,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Canada/@56,-96,3z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4b0d03d337cc6ad9:0x9968b72aa2438fa5!8m2!3d56.130366!4d-106.346771,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Quebec,+Canada/@53.4733017,-77.4028603,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4c58b5349fd1a8a1:0x1040cadae4d0020!8m2!3d52.9399159!4d-73.5491361,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320307811,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320307811,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(21)00033-8/fulltext,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Luxembourg/@49.8423357,1.6489564,6z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x479545b9ca212147:0x64db60f602d392ef!8m2!3d49.815273!4d6.129583,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(21)00033-8/fulltext,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(21)00033-8/fulltext,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html","No, asymptomatic Covid patients can transmit the virus, and masks work",,,,,,
-2,,,,Partlyfalse,Mary Alexander,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/mary-alexander,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/photo-2018-fuel-tax-protest-france-not-demonstrators-unleashing-truth-variant,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"“Greece and France... Yep its happening, time to unlesh the new TRUTH variant,” reads the caption of two photos of what seem to be mass protests, posted on Facebook in July 2021 and shared in South Africa.The first photo shows a huge crowd of people on an avenue in Paris, France’s capital city. The city’s famous Arc de Triomphe can be seen in the background. Many in the crowd are wearing yellow reflective vests.The second photo is of another crowd, flanked by police, in a city square. The flag of Greece can be seen waving in the crowd.The photos were also posted on an Australia-based Facebook page, with a similar caption: “Greece & France! Thousands rally against COVID-19 vaccinations and government restrictions.”But do the photos really show people “unleashing the TRUTH variant” in protests against Covid-19 measures in Greece and France?Protest against vaccinations in Greece, against fuel tax in FranceA Google reverse image search of the second photo reveals that it does indeed show a rally against Covid-19 vaccinations, in the Greek capital of Athens on 14 July.The photo appears in an article on M3 News, an international online news magazine.“More than 5,000 anti-vaccine protesters, some of them waving Greek flags and wooden crosses, rallied in Athens on Wednesday to oppose Greece’s coronavirus vaccinations program,” the article reads.It adds: “Protests are fairly common in Greece and there have been several in recent months on issues ranging from new labour law to the most recent Israeli military campaign on Gaza.”But a TinEye reverse image search of the first photo, filtered for the oldest version, reveals that it has been online since at least 4 December 2018 – over a year before the coronavirus was first identified in late December 2019.The photo can be found on the French-language stock photo website Divergence Images. A machine translation of its caption reads: “Demonstration of the Yellow Vests on the Champs-Elysees, Paris on November 24, 2018.” It was taken by Olivier Coret.According to the US National Public Radio website, the 2018 yellow vests protests in France were sparked by the announcement of a new environmental tax on fuel.“Nicknamed for the safety vests worn by protesters, known as gilets jaunes, the yellow vest movement has sparked a political crisis for the French government,” the NPR says.“The protests started in the French provinces but spread to Paris, where demonstrations turned into riots over the weekend and scenes of violent civil unrest played out along the city's famous Avenue des Champs Élysées.”The second photo does show a protest against Covid-19 vaccinations, in Greece, but the first photo is of a demonstration against a fuel tax in France, more than two and a half years ago.","https://www.facebook.com/sonia.bonacci/posts/10161008588853976,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008566563976&set=pcb.10161008588853976,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paris,+France/@48.8589507,2.2770201,12z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x47e66e1f06e2b70f:0x40b82c3688c9460!8m2!3d48.856614!4d2.3522219,https://www.google.com/maps/place/France/@46.1389696,-2.4368094,6z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0xd54a02933785731:0x6bfd3f96c747d9f7!8m2!3d46.227638!4d2.213749,https://www.google.com/maps/@48.8741019,2.293728,3a,75y,111.88h,85.69t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1ssbfllIbdqW_ylzUNmOcYbg!2e0!7i16384!8i8192,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008571833976&set=pcb.10161008588853976,https://www.greeka.com/greece-history/flags/,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Greece/@38.0602976,19.99122,6z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x135b4ac711716c63:0x363a1775dc9a2d1d!8m2!3d39.074208!4d21.824312,https://www.facebook.com/hraaustralia/posts/290279962890655,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008571833976&set=pcb.10161008588853976,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Athens,+Greece/@37.9908997,23.7033198,13z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x14a1bd1f067043f1:0x2736354576668ddd!8m2!3d37.9838096!4d23.7275388,https://mw3.news/in-greece-thousands-rally-against-covid-19-vaccinations/,https://mw3.news/contact/staff-directory/,https://mw3.news/in-greece-thousands-rally-against-covid-19-vaccinations/,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-07/TinEye-Greece-protests.jpg,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008566563976&set=pcb.10161008588853976,http://www.divergence-images.com/olivier-coret/reportages/gilets-jaunes-champs-elysees-OCO1193/gilets-jaunes-champs-elysees-ref-OCO1193001.html,https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=http://www.divergence-images.com/olivier-coret/reportages/gilets-jaunes-champs-elysees-OCO1193/gilets-jaunes-champs-elysees-ref-OCO1193001.html,https://www.npr.org/2018/12/03/672862353/who-are-frances-yellow-vest-protesters-and-what-do-they-want,https://www.npr.org/2018/12/03/672862353/who-are-frances-yellow-vest-protesters-and-what-do-they-want,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008566563976&set=pcb.10161008588853976",Photo of 2018 fuel tax protest in France – not demonstrators ‘unleashing truth variant’ against Covid measures,"fuel tax, protest, covid, Covid-19",,,,,
-3,,,,False,Oluseyi Awojulugbe,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/oluseyi-awojulugbe,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-dont-use-garlic-lower-blood-pressure,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A post shared on Facebook in Nigeria claims that garlic can be used to lower high blood pressure.It also credits the World Health Organization (WHO) with saying garlic helps to reduce blood pressure in patients with moderate hypertension.“Garlic works in a way to increase the size of the arteries, which makes it easier for blood to pass. In addition, due to its diuretic properties, it reduces the volume of water in the body and therefore blood pressure,” reads part of the post.The post does include an unusual warning: “Be careful, even regular consumption of garlic does not exempt from appropriate treatment, especially in people with severe hypertension.” But is there any scientific evidence that the bulbous flowering plant can be used to manage high blood pressure? We checked.High blood pressure leads to 9.4 mn deaths annuallyAccording to the WHO, high blood pressure, also called hypertension, is when the force exerted by blood pushing against the walls of the arteries is higher than what is considered normal.“Hypertension is diagnosed if, when it is measured on two different days, the systolic blood pressure readings on both days are greater than 140 mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure readings on both days are greater than 90 mmHg,” says a WHO fact sheet on hypertension.Blood pressure is measured in units of millimeters of mercury, or mmHg. It is recorded as two numbers, the systolic or upper value first, followed by the diastolic or lower value. About 1.13 billion people around the world have high blood pressure, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries. This leads to about 9.4 million deaths annually, says the WHO.‘Not approved by health authorities’ – expertSome studies have documented the potential of garlic in lowering high blood pressure in a similar way to standard medication. A review of trials involving garlic concludes that the vitamin B status of an individual is “an important factor for the responsiveness of high blood pressure to garlic”.But Basden Onwubere, a professor of medicine at the University of Nigeria in southeastern Nigeria, was sceptical. He told Africa Check: “Such prescriptions cannot be made by doctors.” “There are studies that have been published about the use of garlic in managing some health conditions but I am not aware of any traditional medicine that has been approved officially by Nafdac for use in managing high blood pressure,” he said.Nafdac is Nigeria’s National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, responsible for regulating and controlling drugs, among other substances.Onwubere said: “Until that [approval] becomes available, what we are using now is the orthodox way of managing hypertension. This is medication and advice on managing the patient’s diet.”Africa Check has also checked claims on Facebook that ginger or ginger tea can prevent heart attack and stroke, and that mixing lemon, ginger and garlic cures high blood pressure. Like this claim, we found no conclusive evidence to support these. Experts advise those with high or elevated blood pressure to ignore miracle cures promoted on social media and seek proper medical care.","https://www.facebook.com/Aduramigbaherbalremedy/posts/293950485769162?_rdc=2&_rdr,https://www.facebook.com/Aduramigbaherbalremedy/posts/293950485769162?_rdc=2&_rdr,https://web.facebook.com/Aduramigbaherbalremedy/posts/293950485769162?_rdc=3&_rdr,https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-300/garlic,https://www.who.int/,https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/noncommunicable-diseases-hypertension,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279251/,https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high-blood-pressure/understanding-blood-pressure-readings,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension,https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/noncommunicable-diseases-hypertension,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4266250/,https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/2/389S/4584698,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6966103/,https://www.unn.edu.ng/,https://www.nafdac.gov.ng/,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/ginger-or-ginger-tea-wont-prevent-heart-attack-and-stroke,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-lemon-ginger-and-garlic-wont-cure-high-blood-pressure","No, don’t use garlic to lower blood pressure","Garlic, high blood pressure",,,,,
-4,,,,False,Motunrayo Joel,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/motunrayo-joel,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-martine-moise-first-lady-haiti-not-dead,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"Martine Moïse, the wife of Haiti’s assassinated president, is dead, claims a post shared on Facebook in Nigeria in July 2021.On 7 July, Haitian president Jovenel Moïse was assassinated in his private residence in the capital, Port-au-Prince. His wife, Martine Moïse, was also shot in the attack. Haiti is an island nation in the Caribbean Sea.The post claims that the “First Lady died from her injuries”, after being “rushed to hospital” and “despite the doctors’ best efforts”. The post includes photos of the couple. But is Martine Moïse dead?Alive and well Moïse was seriously injured during the assassination and was flown to Florida in the US for medical treatment.But on 17 July she spoke to the media from her hospital bed, confirming she was alive and well.In an article updated 17 July, she was pictured wearing a bulletproof vest as she returned to Port-au-Prince.Moïse also spoke at her late husband’s funeral on 22 July.","https://web.facebook.com/NGBREAKINGNEWS/posts/1999091423587583?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/assassination-haitian-president-jovenel-moise-what-know,https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/assassination-haitian-president-jovenel-moise-what-know,https://twitter.com/martinejmoise?lang=en,https://www.britannica.com/place/Haiti,https://web.facebook.com/NGBREAKINGNEWS/posts/1999091423587583?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/NGBREAKINGNEWS/posts/1999091423587583?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://news.sky.com/story/wife-of-assassinated-haiti-president-jovenel-moise-speaks-from-hospital-bed-12353342,https://www.wsj.com/articles/martine-moise-wife-of-assassinated-president-makes-surprise-return-to-haiti-11626564491,https://www.npr.org/2021/07/17/1017398219/martine-moise-wife-of-slain-president-returns-to-haiti,https://www.voanews.com/americas/gunfire-protests-disrupt-funeral-haitis-assassinated-president","No, Martine Moïse, first lady of Haiti, not dead",,,,,,
-5,,,,False,Motunrayo Joel,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/motunrayo-joel,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/biafran-independence-movement-leader-nnamdi-kanu-arrested-not-fake-news,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A post shared on Facebook in Nigeria claims that Nnamdi Kanu, leader of the Indigenous People of Biafra (Ipob), was not arrested, despite news reports saying he was.It reads: “Nnamdi Kanu Arrest. Nigerians and there fake news flying upandan [up and down].” Biafra was a region that roughly correlates with Nigeria’s South East geopolitical zone today.  In May 1967, Biafra declared its independence from the rest of the country. A civil war followed, ending in January 1970 with Biafra’s defeat.  There are continued calls for Biafran independence, most notably by Ipob. But has Kanu, who has been living in London in the UK, been arrested?Kanu arrested and arraigned in courtThere have been multiple reports in the mainstream media of Kanu’s arrest, both in Nigeria and internationally.He was arrested on 27 June 2021 through joint efforts by Nigerian security agents and the International Criminal Police Organization, or Interpol. But officials have not disclosed where and how.According to Nigeria's justice minister, Abubakar Malami, Kanu was brought back to Nigeria to face trial, after jumping bail in 2019.‘11-count charge’Kanu was previously arrested on 14 October 2015 on 11 charges, including terrorism, treasonable felony and managing an unlawful society. He was granted bail in 2017.He is also accused of inciting violence against the Nigerian state and institutions through TV, radio and online broadcasts, and of instigating violence, particularly in southeastern Nigeria.Kanu appeared before a federal high court in Abuja on 29 June 2021, two days after his arrest. While all the details are still to emerge at the time of writing, claims that he was not arrested are false.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=158238561912186&set=pcb.158238601912182&type=3&theater,https://web.facebook.com/groups/388050959313043/posts/466523654799106/?__cft__[0]=AZVbT-nA-yAjwpgsAhc1l4NBvq1ngxoQLVYc2lZNP4J9vZmrzX00uNUbEzMHp7Hn7b7MIcQCW7AdYYkwpsAkwqSPPAadikibVN_pfYbZa1WcKcJCrNNgPGqs9r42hcrlq-A&__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R,https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/06/11/nigeria-biafra-kanu-reconciliation-independence/,https://web.facebook.com/groups/388050959313043/posts/466523654799106/?__cft__[0]=AZVbT-nA-yAjwpgsAhc1l4NBvq1ngxoQLVYc2lZNP4J9vZmrzX00uNUbEzMHp7Hn7b7MIcQCW7AdYYkwpsAkwqSPPAadikibVN_pfYbZa1WcKcJCrNNgPGqs9r42hcrlq-A&__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R,https://www.britannica.com/place/Biafra,https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-Nigeria-and-its-geopolitical-zones-North-Central-Benue-FCT-Kogi-Kwara_fig1_256614605,https://www.britannica.com/place/Biafra,https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/06/11/nigeria-biafra-kanu-reconciliation-independence/,https://punchng.com/breaking-nnamdi-kanu-arrested-says-malami/,https://ugobestiky.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/FB_IMG_15681388255829898-750x430.jpg,https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/29/biafra-separatist-leader-arrested-and-extradited-to-nigeria,https://punchng.com/breaking-nnamdi-kanu-arrested-says-malami/,https://www.interpol.int/en,https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/29/africa/nnamdi-kanu-arrested-nigeria-intl/index.html,https://punchng.com/breaking-nnamdi-kanu-arrested-says-malami/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/470566-updated-nnamdi-kanu-re-arrested-returned-to-nigeria-malami.html,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/470566-updated-nnamdi-kanu-re-arrested-returned-to-nigeria-malami.html,https://guardian.ng/news/nnamdi-kanu-appears-in-court-after-re-arrest/",Biafran independence movement leader Nnamdi Kanu arrested – not ‘fake news’,,,,,,
-6,,,,False,Motunrayo Joel,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/motunrayo-joel,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-nigerias-yoruba-separatist-sunday-adeyemo-still-custody-benin-wife-ropo,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A post shared on Facebook in Nigeria on 20 July 2021 claims that Sunday Adeyemo and his wife Ropo Adeyemo have been released from custody in Benin and allowed to board a plane to Germany.Adeyemo, popularly known as Sunday Igboho, has been campaigning for the self-determination of the Yoruba people in southwestern Nigeria.The Facebook post reads: “Breaking news!!!! Sunday Adeyemo (AKA) Igboho and his wife German citizen has been released and allows to board plane on their way to Germany #BeninRepublicNoBeKenya.”The post has been shared several times and some commenters were happy.One Facebook user said: “Just can't express my joy for the great news!!!”Another said: “Good to hear this, shame to the haters.”However, others said the claim was not true.Were Sunday and Ropo Adeyemo jailed and have they been released from custody in Benin?Igboho still held but wife releasedThe Adeyemos fled Nigeria for the neighbouring Republic of Benin in early July after their Ibadan home was raided by the the Department of State Services.Ammunition and weapons were found on the premises during the raid.The Nigerian government then issued a warrant for Sunday Adeyemo’s arrest.On 19 July, the couple were arrested in the port city of Cotonou by Beninoise authorities while trying to travel to Germany. Ropo Adeyemo lives in Germany.The charges brought by the Beninoise court were for immigration-related offences. It ordered Ropo’s release while Sunday remained in custody. His trial continued on 26 July. The claims on Facebook are false.","https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55934275,https://www.ngnews247.com/sunday-igboho-biography-wfe-age-house-sons-family-net-worth-cars/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/471288-lagos-rally-sunday-igboho-yoruba-nation-campaigners-set-for-showdown-with-police.html,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://www.britannica.com/place/Benin,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55934275,https://www.dss.gov.ng/,https://guardian.ng/news/dss-declares-sunday-igboho-wanted-confirms-raid-on-his-residence/,https://guardian.ng/news/dss-declares-sunday-igboho-wanted-confirms-raid-on-his-residence/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/474749-how-sunday-igboho-was-arrested-in-benin-republic.html,http://saharareporters.com/2021/07/22/breaking-beninese-court-releases-sunday-igboho%E2%80%99s-wife-orders-igboho-remain-custody,https://punchng.com/beninoise-courts-not-used-to-large-crowds-igbohos-lawyers-caution-supporters/","No, Nigeria's Yoruba separatist Sunday Adeyemo still in custody in Benin, but wife Ropo Adeyemo released",,,,,,
-7,,,,Misleading,Keegan Leech,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/keegan-leech,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/reports/no-south-africa-does-not-account-50-global-mining-deaths,About 50% of global mining deaths occur in South Africa.,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"Messages posted on Twitter and Facebook claim that 50% of global mining deaths occur in South Africa.But the figure is taken from a 2020 report by the International Council on Mining and Minerals, which only records the deaths reported by its 28 member companies. This is not all the mining deaths in the world.There is a lack of reliable global statistics on mining fatalities. Deaths from mining diseases, and the deaths of contractors and small-scale miners, tend to be under-reported.“About 50% of global mining deaths occur in South Africa. Yet no single mining executive has been held accountable,” reads a tweet with more than 850 likes, which has been shared over 500 times on Twitter. The claim has also been posted on Facebook and other social media.When another user asked for “receipts” supporting the claim, the person who posted it said the data came from the International Council on Mining and Metals. Is the claim backed by data? We checked. Only 28 members included in rankingThe source of this claim is a 2020 report published by the International Council on Mining and Minerals (ICMM). The mining association collates the number of workplace accidents and fatalities recorded by its members.But the ICMM told Africa Check that its 28 member companies represent only about a third of the global mining industry. Not all mining companies are members and not all countries are represented. According to the report, South Africa recorded 22 out of 44 fatalities in 2020. This is 50% of deaths reported by its members – not 50% of global deaths. South Africa also accounted for more total working hours than any other individual country: 17.7% of all recorded hours in 2020.Government records more mining deathsSouth Africa has regularly fared worst in the ICMM’s safety reports. It has contributed the most deaths every year since 2015, the first year the council recorded location data. The one exception was 2019, when the Brumadinho dam disaster in Brazil claimed more than 250 lives.But the ICMM’s records likely don’t even represent all mining deaths in South Africa. The last year the country’s department of mineral resources and energy released a tally of mining fatalities was 2018. In that year, the department recorded 81 fatalities, while South African ICMM members recorded just 14.Data on global mining deaths is limited According to the Minerals Council South Africa (MCSA), another mining industry employers’ organisation, the ICMM’s 28 members “exclude huge numbers of mining businesses in many parts of the world, including some major mining jurisdictions, most notably China”.But determining the total number of mining fatalities around the world is not easy.“There is no one record of all industry fatalities,” the ICMM told Africa Check. “Individual companies will release their fatality numbers in their own sustainability and annual reports.”In 2019 the Wall Street Journal reported that many of the world’s mining fatalities may not even be counted. Its analysis of mining companies’ safety reports found that many did not record the deaths of contractors, workers transporting extracted minerals or deaths at joint mining ventures, which are managed by more than one company.The journal even found that more than half of the people who died in the 2019 Brumadinho dam disaster may not have been included in the official mining death toll. Deaths from mining diseases are even more likely to go unrecorded.Artisanal mining deaths may not be recordedAnother category of fatalities which may go overlooked is artisanal mining. In 2013, the World Bank estimated that there were “approximately 100 million artisanal miners globally”. This form of small-scale mining is often, but not always, conducted illegally. Deaths in this sector are more likely to go unrecorded. In June 2021 the bodies of 20 people believed to be illegal miners or “zama-zamas” were found near abandoned mine shafts in Johannesburg. In a 2016 report, human rights organisation Amnesty International said that in artisanal cobalt mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, “many accidents go unrecorded and bodies are left buried in the rubble”.And a 2004 publication by philanthropy organisation Oxfam, in collaboration with environmental non-profit Earthworks, found that “health and safety data for ASM [artisanal and small-scale mining] are sketchy, but the sector appears to experience a significantly higher accident rate than the industry as a whole”.Conclusion: South Africa accounts for 50% of mining deaths recorded by 28 companies in a single report – not 50% of global deaths. A widely shared social media post claims that South Africa accounted for “about 50% of global mining deaths”. But the report cited as evidence gives mining fatalities for 28 companies in 2020. That year South Africa accounted for half of the 44 recorded fatalities. The report likely doesn't even represent all mining deaths in South Africa. It also excludes major miners and mining countries such as China. We therefore rate the claim misleading. But data on global mining fatalities is fraught with problems. Beyond the lack of reliable global statistics, deaths from disease, and the deaths of contractors and small-scale miners, are regularly under-reported across the world. More and better data is needed to accurately determine how many deaths are due to mining, both globally and in South Africa.","https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-07/Screenshot_2021-06-21_at_16-00-47_T_on_Twitter.png,https://twitter.com/mokhathi/status/1406134773232418817,https://www.facebook.com/MduZondo/posts/4085206891534393,https://twitter.com/manhlamza/status/1406491787544432643,https://twitter.com/mokhathi/status/1406134773232418817,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2020-safety-data,https://www.icmm.com/,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/about-us,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/about-us/our-members/member-companies,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2019-safety-data,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2018-safety-data,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2015-safety-data,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303243420300192,https://www.dmr.gov.za/,https://www.dmr.gov.za/Portals/0/Resources/Annual%20Reports/DMR_annual_report_2019_low%20res.pdf?ver=2019-11-05-161412-883#page=11,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2018-safety-data,https://www.mineralscouncil.org.za/,https://www.wsj.com/,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-hidden-deaths-of-mining-11577825555,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-hidden-deaths-of-mining-11577825555,https://www.eiti.org/ASM,https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/extractiveindustries/brief/artisanal-and-small-scale-mining,https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2021-06-15-twenty-bodies-of-alleged-zama-zamas-found-outside-klerksdorp/,https://www.amnestyusa.org/reports/this-is-what-we-die-for-human-rights-abuses-in-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-power-the-global-trade-in-cobalt/,https://www.amnestyusa.org/,https://www.earthworks.org/publications/dirty_metals/,https://www.oxfam.org/en,https://www.earthworks.org/,https://www.earthworks.org/cms/assets/uploads/archive/files/publications/DirtyMetals_Workers.pdf#page=2","No,  South Africa does not account for ‘50% of global mining deaths’","mining, global, deaths",,,,,
-8,,,,Incorrect,Fatima Abubakar,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/fatima-abubakar,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/lemon-zobo-baya-maganin-zazzabi-aje-asibiti,,2021-07-27,africacheck,,"Wani rubutu da aka buga a Facebook yayi iƙirarin cewa lemon zoɓo “na maganin zazzaɓi.”“ Yadda ake lemon zoɓo na magani,” rubutun ya fara. Ya bayyana yadda za ayi  lemon da a fara  jiƙa ganyen zoɓo, abarba, ganyen lemongiras, citta, biturut, lemon zaƙi, kankana da ruwa.Zoɓo dai wani lemo ne da ya shahara a Najeriya, wanda ake yi da busasshiyar filawar itacen rosilli. Itacen rosilli, wanda ake kira da habiscus sabdariffa a kimiyance ya fito ne daga ayarin itatuwan Malvaceae. Yana fitowa a wurare masu zafi, yana kuma da launin kore mai duhu ko jajayen kara da ganye.Shin lemon da aka bayyana a rubutun yana maganin zazzaɓi?  Abubuwa da dama na jawo zazzaɓiZazzaɓi shine ƙaruwar zafin jiki sama da maki 37 a ma’aunin selshiyos. Wanda ke nuna alamun shigar cuta, kamar yadda Mayo Clinic suka bayyana. Wasu daga cikin alamun zazzaɓi sun haɗa da ciwon kai, rawar jiki, rashin ɗanɗano, rashin ruwa a jiki da kuma kasala. Hukumar lafiya ta Britaniyya(NHS) tace abubuwa da cututtaka da dama na iya jawo zazzaɓi. Yana kuma daga cikin alamun cutar Covid-19.Mutane- manya da yara- idan zazzaɓi ya kama su tare da ciwon kai mai zafi, jijjiga, rikicewar tunani, yawan amai, ciwon ciki da wahala wajen numfashi, ana basu shawarar zuwa asibiti cikin gaggawa.Kada a ɗauki zazzaɓi akan abu mai sauƙi“ Wannan haɗin gargajiya ne, ayi watsi da shi,” Cewar Marycelin Baba, Farfesa a fannin ƙwayoyin cuta ta jami’ar Maiduguri, kamar yadda ta shaidawa Africa Check.Baba wadda suka wallafa wata takarda akan gaza gane cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro da zazzaɓin taifot. “ Babu wata hujja a kimiyance da ta goyi da bayan wannan da’awar,”  cewar Farfesar. “ Wannan haɗi baya magani ko hana zazzaɓi. Ƴaƴan itatuwan da aka lissafa na da muhimmanci  a jiki amma ba maganin zazzaɓi ba ne”.Baba ta ƙara da cewa: Idan an kamu da zazzaɓi, a hanzarta zuwa asibiti. Kada a dogara da haɗe-haɗe. Kada a ɗauki zazzaɓi da wasa.”","https://web.facebook.com/groups/353470598374000/permalink/1629649860756061/?__cft__%5b0%5d=AZXew-FyosdUNvmFiQHu2WmjBTbE0I-jl6fFvTmV0nZLllEaKq82pDD0kJl1kshMkyhXxKF0T8YLX_s3bUyzEtZRaH-bDeDuN0n0sc1Hbgp3l2kAaIKLJUpzf2F-2u7tfoQU6o5e4rM3jIMNjN2hZKW9&__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R,https://thenationonlineng.net/interesting-facts-zobo-roselle-drinks/,https://www.britannica.com/plant/roselle-plant,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20352759,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20352759,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20352759,https://www.nhs.uk/search/results?q=Fever&page=0,https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/covid-19-basics,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20352759,https://www.unimaid.edu.ng/,https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/arbovirus-coinfections-in-suspected-febrile-malaria-and-typhoid-patients-a-worrisome-situation-in-nigeria-85.html",Lemon Zoɓo baya maganin zazzaɓi- aje asibiti,"zobo, Incorrect",,,,,
-9,,,,False,Grace Gichuhi,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/grace-gichuhi,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/nairobi-demonstration-solidarity-nigerias-2021-democracy-day-protests-no-photo,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A photo of a group of people waving the flag of Nigeria has been posted on Facebook with the claim that it shows Kenyans in Nairobi “standing in solidarity” with the people of Nigeria.“June 12 Protest: Kenyans stand with Nigerians in solidarity,” the caption reads. “Location: Nairobi. THANK YOU.” The 12 June 2021 post is on a Facebook page with some 14,000 followers. The photo and claim has also been widely shared on Twitter. In 2019, Nigerian president Muhammadu Buhari signed into law that 12 June would be the national holiday of Democracy Day. The holiday is controversial. In 2021, Democracy Day saw protests in several Nigerian cities. The protests were against poor governance and “terrorism, criminal abductions and separatist movements”, according to one report.But what does the photo really show?#EndSARS ProtestsA Google reverse image search reveals that the photo has been online since at least 18 October 2020 – almost eight months before 12 June 2021. It appears in a 2020 article on the website of Premium Times, a credible Nigerian newspaper. The article’s headline is: “ANALYSIS: Will deployment of troops quell or escalate #EndSARS protests?” The photo is watermarked “Premium Times -- Kabiru Yusuf”.The photo is of #EndSARS protests in Nigeria, in October 2020. The protests demanded that the county’s police Special Anti-Robbery Squad (Sars) be disbanded because of the unit’s alleged extrajudicial killings, brutality and human rights abuses.Abuja, not NairobiWe searched the Premium Times news website and found articles by Kabiru Yusuf. Our fact-checking colleagues at Dubawa contacted Yusuf, who said the photo was taken in Abuja, Nigeria’s capital. So, no, the photo was not taken in Nairobi, Kenya, on 12 June 2021. It was taken in Abuja, Nigeria, in October 2020 during the county’s #EndSars protests.","https://web.facebook.com/genevievemmiliaku/posts/171519914983217,https://web.facebook.com/genevievemmiliaku/posts/171519914983217,https://twitter.com/_iAlen/status/1403697588935827459,https://twitter.com/chiefagbabiaka1/status/1403833196190605315,https://thenationonlineng.net/buhari-signs-june-12-democracy-day-bill-into-law/,https://theconversation.com/june-12-is-now-democracy-day-in-nigeria-why-it-matters-118572,https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-57418137,https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nation-is-fire-nigerian-lawmakers-demand-action-security-crisis-2021-04-27/,https://www.voanews.com/africa/nigerians-mark-annual-democracy-day-protests,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/2021-07/Google%20Search-Nigeria%20Photo.pdf,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/421617-analysis-will-deployment-of-troops-quell-or-escalate-endsars-protests.html,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/421617-analysis-will-deployment-of-troops-quell-or-escalate-endsars-protests.html,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/421617-analysis-will-deployment-of-troops-quell-or-escalate-endsars-protests.html,https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2021/02/nigeria-end-impunity-for-police-violence-by-sars-endsars/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/author/kabiruyusuf,https://dubawa.org/endsars-photo-used-to-paint-narrative-kenyans-protest-in-solidarity-with-nigerians/","Nairobi demonstration in solidarity with Nigeria’s 2021 Democracy Day protests? No, photo of 2020 #EndSARS protests in Abuja",,,,,,
-10,,,,False,Naledi Mashishi,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/naledi-mashishi,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-asymptomatic-covid-patients-can-transmit-virus-and-masks-work,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A Facebook video posted on 5 July 2021 claims that studies show asymptomatic Covid-19 patients – people who don’t get sick – can’t transmit the new coronavirus. It also says the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) published a review of studies and found wearing a mask doesn’t stop the spread of Covid.In the video, a woman appears to be standing at a podium, talking to an audience off camera. She says: “Nearly 500 people were recently exposed to a Covid positive asymptomatic carrier. Zero got sick. Asymptomatic carriers of Covid do not spread disease.”She goes on to claim: “The CDC a couple weeks ago did a study where they looked at every single other study in the entire world on face mask wearing and this is what they found. The CDC found, quote, ‘no reduction in viral transmission with the use of face masks’.”The words “the information is there dont say u wernt warned” are printed on the video. It’s been shared more than 1,200 times so far, including in South Africa. Since Covid-19 was declared a pandemic in early 2020, the World Health Organization has warned that Covid patients who don’t show any symptoms of the disease can still spread it to others. It also says masks are a “key measure to suppress transmission and save lives”.Do studies prove that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients can’t spread the disease? And has a CDC analysis found that masks don’t reduce transmission?Video of US attorney Leigh DundasThe video does not identify the woman, where she is, or when the video was taken. It’s poor quality, taken from an original that doesn’t appear to be online anymore.But we did find a short video on Vimeo of a woman named Leigh Dundas, speaking on 13 April. Based on her voice, hairstyle, clothing and the background, it’s likely that the video on Facebook shows this woman, at the same event.In the Vimeo video she identifies herself as a human rights attorney. The video is captioned “Leigh Dundas, Board of Supervisors, April 13 2021”. Dundas, a US attorney, publicly supports that country’s anti-vaccination movement. Voice of OC reports that, in May, she helped organise residents in California’s Orange county to go to local Board of Education meetings to petition against mandatory vaccinations and “vaccine passports”.As Africa Check has found, there is no such thing as mandatory or “universal” vaccination in the US. And vaccine passports don’t exist there.Asymptomatic patients can transmit the virusIn the Facebook video, Dundas refers to a May 2020 study in Wuhan, China. It’s titled A study on infectivity of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers. The Covid-19 pandemic is thought to have started in Wuhan.The researchers studied 455 people who had been in contact with asymptomatic Covid-positive patients. None of the 455 tested positive for Covid-19. But the study didn’t find that people with asymptomatic Covid-19 can’t transmit the virus. Instead, it concluded that “the infectivity of some asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers might be weak”. SARS-CoV-2 is the formal name of the new coronavirus that causes Covid-19.Other studies of asymptomatic carriers have found that they can transmit the virus.A January 2021 study looked at 2,250 people in a “confined” community of university staff in the Canadian province of Quebec. Confinement, the study says, is “used to reflect social restrictions instructed by Quebec's government”.It found that 1.82% of the staff were asymptomatic carriers. None had contact with any known Covid patients. The researchers concluded: “Our results raise concerns about the possibility of viral spread through asymptomatic transmission.” But they added that the rate of asymptomatic transmission was unknown.In February 2021, a study based on daily mass screenings of some 20,000 residents of Luxembourg, a small country in Europe, was published. It found that, on average, asymptomatic patients infected the same number of people as patients with Covid-19 symptoms. The researchers concluded: “Asymptomatic carriers represent a significant risk for transmission.”CDC: Masks reduce Covid spreadAnd what about Dundas’s claim that a CDC analysis had found that masks didn’t reduce the amount of coronavirus transmitted between people?This is not what the CDC website says. A science brief on the site, updated on 7 May 2021, quotes several studies that found face masks reduced the risk of Covid-19 infection by as much as 79%, and had led to declines in daily new cases.The CDC concludes: “Experimental and epidemiological data support community masking to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2.” The CDC also says that making people wear masks can help prevent possible lockdowns in the future. The benefits increase when people are also required to use other measures against Covid: social distancing, hand washing and good ventilation. Conclusion: Video’s claims are falseIn a video posted on Facebook, US anti-vaccination advocate and lawyer Leigh Dundas claims that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients can’t transmit the virus. She also says a study by the US Centers for Disease Control found that masks don’t reduce the spread of the disease.But the CDC study doesn’t conclude that asymptomatic patients can’t transmit the virus. And  other studies have found that asymptomatic patients do transmit the virus. The CDC has published studies supporting the benefits of masks, and says wearing masks can reduce the spread of Covid-19.","https://www.facebook.com/zaayiin.yellodd/videos/vb.100066665882510/247084380557206/?type=2&theater,https://www.cdc.gov/,https://www.facebook.com/zaayiin.yellodd/videos/vb.100066665882510/247084380557206/?type=2&theater,https://www.facebook.com/zaayiin.yellodd/videos/vb.100066665882510/247084380557206/?type=2&theater,https://www.facebook.com/zaayiin.yellodd/videos/vb.100066665882510/247084380557206/?type=2&theater,https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-how-is-it-transmitted,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-masks,https://vimeo.com/537203201,https://vimeo.com/537203201,https://vimeo.com/537203201,https://www.rawstory.com/leigh-dundas/,https://voiceofoc.org/2021/05/oc-supervisors-debate-cancelling-digital-coronavirus-vaccine-records-hundreds-of-people-rail-against-vaccine-passports/,https://voiceofoc.org/2021/05/oc-supervisors-debate-cancelling-digital-coronavirus-vaccine-records-hundreds-of-people-rail-against-vaccine-passports/,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Orange+County,+CA,+USA/@33.6394877,-118.3298942,9z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x80dc925c54d5f7cf:0xdea6c3618ff0d607!8m2!3d33.7174708!4d-117.8311428,https://voiceofoc.org/2021/05/oc-supervisors-debate-cancelling-digital-coronavirus-vaccine-records-hundreds-of-people-rail-against-vaccine-passports/,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-us-supreme-court-hasnt-ruled-against-universal-vaccination-theres-no-such,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-afs:Content:10051817171,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Wuhan,+Hubei,+China/@30.5684073,114.0201922,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x342eaef8dd85f26f:0x39c2c9ac6c582210!8m2!3d30.592849!4d114.305539,https://www.google.com/maps/place/China/@34.4504157,86.0458274,4z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x31508e64e5c642c1:0x951daa7c349f366f!8m2!3d35.86166!4d104.195397,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219423/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00502-4,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219423/,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219423/,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320307811,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Canada/@56,-96,3z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4b0d03d337cc6ad9:0x9968b72aa2438fa5!8m2!3d56.130366!4d-106.346771,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Quebec,+Canada/@53.4733017,-77.4028603,5z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x4c58b5349fd1a8a1:0x1040cadae4d0020!8m2!3d52.9399159!4d-73.5491361,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320307811,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320307811,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(21)00033-8/fulltext,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Luxembourg/@49.8423357,1.6489564,6z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x479545b9ca212147:0x64db60f602d392ef!8m2!3d49.815273!4d6.129583,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(21)00033-8/fulltext,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(21)00033-8/fulltext,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html","No, asymptomatic Covid patients can transmit the virus, and masks work",,,,,,
-11,,,,Partlyfalse,Mary Alexander,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/mary-alexander,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/photo-2018-fuel-tax-protest-france-not-demonstrators-unleashing-truth-variant,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"“Greece and France... Yep its happening, time to unlesh the new TRUTH variant,” reads the caption of two photos of what seem to be mass protests, posted on Facebook in July 2021 and shared in South Africa.The first photo shows a huge crowd of people on an avenue in Paris, France’s capital city. The city’s famous Arc de Triomphe can be seen in the background. Many in the crowd are wearing yellow reflective vests.The second photo is of another crowd, flanked by police, in a city square. The flag of Greece can be seen waving in the crowd.The photos were also posted on an Australia-based Facebook page, with a similar caption: “Greece & France! Thousands rally against COVID-19 vaccinations and government restrictions.”But do the photos really show people “unleashing the TRUTH variant” in protests against Covid-19 measures in Greece and France?Protest against vaccinations in Greece, against fuel tax in FranceA Google reverse image search of the second photo reveals that it does indeed show a rally against Covid-19 vaccinations, in the Greek capital of Athens on 14 July.The photo appears in an article on M3 News, an international online news magazine.“More than 5,000 anti-vaccine protesters, some of them waving Greek flags and wooden crosses, rallied in Athens on Wednesday to oppose Greece’s coronavirus vaccinations program,” the article reads.It adds: “Protests are fairly common in Greece and there have been several in recent months on issues ranging from new labour law to the most recent Israeli military campaign on Gaza.”But a TinEye reverse image search of the first photo, filtered for the oldest version, reveals that it has been online since at least 4 December 2018 – over a year before the coronavirus was first identified in late December 2019.The photo can be found on the French-language stock photo website Divergence Images. A machine translation of its caption reads: “Demonstration of the Yellow Vests on the Champs-Elysees, Paris on November 24, 2018.” It was taken by Olivier Coret.According to the US National Public Radio website, the 2018 yellow vests protests in France were sparked by the announcement of a new environmental tax on fuel.“Nicknamed for the safety vests worn by protesters, known as gilets jaunes, the yellow vest movement has sparked a political crisis for the French government,” the NPR says.“The protests started in the French provinces but spread to Paris, where demonstrations turned into riots over the weekend and scenes of violent civil unrest played out along the city's famous Avenue des Champs Élysées.”The second photo does show a protest against Covid-19 vaccinations, in Greece, but the first photo is of a demonstration against a fuel tax in France, more than two and a half years ago.","https://www.facebook.com/sonia.bonacci/posts/10161008588853976,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008566563976&set=pcb.10161008588853976,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Paris,+France/@48.8589507,2.2770201,12z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x47e66e1f06e2b70f:0x40b82c3688c9460!8m2!3d48.856614!4d2.3522219,https://www.google.com/maps/place/France/@46.1389696,-2.4368094,6z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0xd54a02933785731:0x6bfd3f96c747d9f7!8m2!3d46.227638!4d2.213749,https://www.google.com/maps/@48.8741019,2.293728,3a,75y,111.88h,85.69t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1ssbfllIbdqW_ylzUNmOcYbg!2e0!7i16384!8i8192,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008571833976&set=pcb.10161008588853976,https://www.greeka.com/greece-history/flags/,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Greece/@38.0602976,19.99122,6z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x135b4ac711716c63:0x363a1775dc9a2d1d!8m2!3d39.074208!4d21.824312,https://www.facebook.com/hraaustralia/posts/290279962890655,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008571833976&set=pcb.10161008588853976,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Athens,+Greece/@37.9908997,23.7033198,13z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x14a1bd1f067043f1:0x2736354576668ddd!8m2!3d37.9838096!4d23.7275388,https://mw3.news/in-greece-thousands-rally-against-covid-19-vaccinations/,https://mw3.news/contact/staff-directory/,https://mw3.news/in-greece-thousands-rally-against-covid-19-vaccinations/,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-07/TinEye-Greece-protests.jpg,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008566563976&set=pcb.10161008588853976,http://www.divergence-images.com/olivier-coret/reportages/gilets-jaunes-champs-elysees-OCO1193/gilets-jaunes-champs-elysees-ref-OCO1193001.html,https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=http://www.divergence-images.com/olivier-coret/reportages/gilets-jaunes-champs-elysees-OCO1193/gilets-jaunes-champs-elysees-ref-OCO1193001.html,https://www.npr.org/2018/12/03/672862353/who-are-frances-yellow-vest-protesters-and-what-do-they-want,https://www.npr.org/2018/12/03/672862353/who-are-frances-yellow-vest-protesters-and-what-do-they-want,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10161008566563976&set=pcb.10161008588853976",Photo of 2018 fuel tax protest in France – not demonstrators ‘unleashing truth variant’ against Covid measures,"fuel tax, protest, covid, Covid-19",,,,,
-12,,,,False,Oluseyi Awojulugbe,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/oluseyi-awojulugbe,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-dont-use-garlic-lower-blood-pressure,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A post shared on Facebook in Nigeria claims that garlic can be used to lower high blood pressure.It also credits the World Health Organization (WHO) with saying garlic helps to reduce blood pressure in patients with moderate hypertension.“Garlic works in a way to increase the size of the arteries, which makes it easier for blood to pass. In addition, due to its diuretic properties, it reduces the volume of water in the body and therefore blood pressure,” reads part of the post.The post does include an unusual warning: “Be careful, even regular consumption of garlic does not exempt from appropriate treatment, especially in people with severe hypertension.” But is there any scientific evidence that the bulbous flowering plant can be used to manage high blood pressure? We checked.High blood pressure leads to 9.4 mn deaths annuallyAccording to the WHO, high blood pressure, also called hypertension, is when the force exerted by blood pushing against the walls of the arteries is higher than what is considered normal.“Hypertension is diagnosed if, when it is measured on two different days, the systolic blood pressure readings on both days are greater than 140 mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure readings on both days are greater than 90 mmHg,” says a WHO fact sheet on hypertension.Blood pressure is measured in units of millimeters of mercury, or mmHg. It is recorded as two numbers, the systolic or upper value first, followed by the diastolic or lower value. About 1.13 billion people around the world have high blood pressure, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries. This leads to about 9.4 million deaths annually, says the WHO.‘Not approved by health authorities’ – expertSome studies have documented the potential of garlic in lowering high blood pressure in a similar way to standard medication. A review of trials involving garlic concludes that the vitamin B status of an individual is “an important factor for the responsiveness of high blood pressure to garlic”.But Basden Onwubere, a professor of medicine at the University of Nigeria in southeastern Nigeria, was sceptical. He told Africa Check: “Such prescriptions cannot be made by doctors.” “There are studies that have been published about the use of garlic in managing some health conditions but I am not aware of any traditional medicine that has been approved officially by Nafdac for use in managing high blood pressure,” he said.Nafdac is Nigeria’s National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, responsible for regulating and controlling drugs, among other substances.Onwubere said: “Until that [approval] becomes available, what we are using now is the orthodox way of managing hypertension. This is medication and advice on managing the patient’s diet.”Africa Check has also checked claims on Facebook that ginger or ginger tea can prevent heart attack and stroke, and that mixing lemon, ginger and garlic cures high blood pressure. Like this claim, we found no conclusive evidence to support these. Experts advise those with high or elevated blood pressure to ignore miracle cures promoted on social media and seek proper medical care.","https://www.facebook.com/Aduramigbaherbalremedy/posts/293950485769162?_rdc=2&_rdr,https://www.facebook.com/Aduramigbaherbalremedy/posts/293950485769162?_rdc=2&_rdr,https://web.facebook.com/Aduramigbaherbalremedy/posts/293950485769162?_rdc=3&_rdr,https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-300/garlic,https://www.who.int/,https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/noncommunicable-diseases-hypertension,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279251/,https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high-blood-pressure/understanding-blood-pressure-readings,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension,https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/noncommunicable-diseases-hypertension,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4266250/,https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/146/2/389S/4584698,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6966103/,https://www.unn.edu.ng/,https://www.nafdac.gov.ng/,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/ginger-or-ginger-tea-wont-prevent-heart-attack-and-stroke,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-lemon-ginger-and-garlic-wont-cure-high-blood-pressure","No, don’t use garlic to lower blood pressure","Garlic, high blood pressure",,,,,
-13,,,,False,Motunrayo Joel,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/motunrayo-joel,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-martine-moise-first-lady-haiti-not-dead,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"Martine Moïse, the wife of Haiti’s assassinated president, is dead, claims a post shared on Facebook in Nigeria in July 2021.On 7 July, Haitian president Jovenel Moïse was assassinated in his private residence in the capital, Port-au-Prince. His wife, Martine Moïse, was also shot in the attack. Haiti is an island nation in the Caribbean Sea.The post claims that the “First Lady died from her injuries”, after being “rushed to hospital” and “despite the doctors’ best efforts”. The post includes photos of the couple. But is Martine Moïse dead?Alive and well Moïse was seriously injured during the assassination and was flown to Florida in the US for medical treatment.But on 17 July she spoke to the media from her hospital bed, confirming she was alive and well.In an article updated 17 July, she was pictured wearing a bulletproof vest as she returned to Port-au-Prince.Moïse also spoke at her late husband’s funeral on 22 July.","https://web.facebook.com/NGBREAKINGNEWS/posts/1999091423587583?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/assassination-haitian-president-jovenel-moise-what-know,https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/assassination-haitian-president-jovenel-moise-what-know,https://twitter.com/martinejmoise?lang=en,https://www.britannica.com/place/Haiti,https://web.facebook.com/NGBREAKINGNEWS/posts/1999091423587583?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/NGBREAKINGNEWS/posts/1999091423587583?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://news.sky.com/story/wife-of-assassinated-haiti-president-jovenel-moise-speaks-from-hospital-bed-12353342,https://www.wsj.com/articles/martine-moise-wife-of-assassinated-president-makes-surprise-return-to-haiti-11626564491,https://www.npr.org/2021/07/17/1017398219/martine-moise-wife-of-slain-president-returns-to-haiti,https://www.voanews.com/americas/gunfire-protests-disrupt-funeral-haitis-assassinated-president","No, Martine Moïse, first lady of Haiti, not dead",,,,,,
-14,,,,False,Motunrayo Joel,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/motunrayo-joel,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/biafran-independence-movement-leader-nnamdi-kanu-arrested-not-fake-news,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A post shared on Facebook in Nigeria claims that Nnamdi Kanu, leader of the Indigenous People of Biafra (Ipob), was not arrested, despite news reports saying he was.It reads: “Nnamdi Kanu Arrest. Nigerians and there fake news flying upandan [up and down].” Biafra was a region that roughly correlates with Nigeria’s South East geopolitical zone today.  In May 1967, Biafra declared its independence from the rest of the country. A civil war followed, ending in January 1970 with Biafra’s defeat.  There are continued calls for Biafran independence, most notably by Ipob. But has Kanu, who has been living in London in the UK, been arrested?Kanu arrested and arraigned in courtThere have been multiple reports in the mainstream media of Kanu’s arrest, both in Nigeria and internationally.He was arrested on 27 June 2021 through joint efforts by Nigerian security agents and the International Criminal Police Organization, or Interpol. But officials have not disclosed where and how.According to Nigeria's justice minister, Abubakar Malami, Kanu was brought back to Nigeria to face trial, after jumping bail in 2019.‘11-count charge’Kanu was previously arrested on 14 October 2015 on 11 charges, including terrorism, treasonable felony and managing an unlawful society. He was granted bail in 2017.He is also accused of inciting violence against the Nigerian state and institutions through TV, radio and online broadcasts, and of instigating violence, particularly in southeastern Nigeria.Kanu appeared before a federal high court in Abuja on 29 June 2021, two days after his arrest. While all the details are still to emerge at the time of writing, claims that he was not arrested are false.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=158238561912186&set=pcb.158238601912182&type=3&theater,https://web.facebook.com/groups/388050959313043/posts/466523654799106/?__cft__[0]=AZVbT-nA-yAjwpgsAhc1l4NBvq1ngxoQLVYc2lZNP4J9vZmrzX00uNUbEzMHp7Hn7b7MIcQCW7AdYYkwpsAkwqSPPAadikibVN_pfYbZa1WcKcJCrNNgPGqs9r42hcrlq-A&__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R,https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/06/11/nigeria-biafra-kanu-reconciliation-independence/,https://web.facebook.com/groups/388050959313043/posts/466523654799106/?__cft__[0]=AZVbT-nA-yAjwpgsAhc1l4NBvq1ngxoQLVYc2lZNP4J9vZmrzX00uNUbEzMHp7Hn7b7MIcQCW7AdYYkwpsAkwqSPPAadikibVN_pfYbZa1WcKcJCrNNgPGqs9r42hcrlq-A&__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R,https://www.britannica.com/place/Biafra,https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-Nigeria-and-its-geopolitical-zones-North-Central-Benue-FCT-Kogi-Kwara_fig1_256614605,https://www.britannica.com/place/Biafra,https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/06/11/nigeria-biafra-kanu-reconciliation-independence/,https://punchng.com/breaking-nnamdi-kanu-arrested-says-malami/,https://ugobestiky.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/FB_IMG_15681388255829898-750x430.jpg,https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/29/biafra-separatist-leader-arrested-and-extradited-to-nigeria,https://punchng.com/breaking-nnamdi-kanu-arrested-says-malami/,https://www.interpol.int/en,https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/29/africa/nnamdi-kanu-arrested-nigeria-intl/index.html,https://punchng.com/breaking-nnamdi-kanu-arrested-says-malami/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/470566-updated-nnamdi-kanu-re-arrested-returned-to-nigeria-malami.html,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/470566-updated-nnamdi-kanu-re-arrested-returned-to-nigeria-malami.html,https://guardian.ng/news/nnamdi-kanu-appears-in-court-after-re-arrest/",Biafran independence movement leader Nnamdi Kanu arrested – not ‘fake news’,,,,,,
-15,,,,False,Motunrayo Joel,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/motunrayo-joel,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-nigerias-yoruba-separatist-sunday-adeyemo-still-custody-benin-wife-ropo,,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"A post shared on Facebook in Nigeria on 20 July 2021 claims that Sunday Adeyemo and his wife Ropo Adeyemo have been released from custody in Benin and allowed to board a plane to Germany.Adeyemo, popularly known as Sunday Igboho, has been campaigning for the self-determination of the Yoruba people in southwestern Nigeria.The Facebook post reads: “Breaking news!!!! Sunday Adeyemo (AKA) Igboho and his wife German citizen has been released and allows to board plane on their way to Germany #BeninRepublicNoBeKenya.”The post has been shared several times and some commenters were happy.One Facebook user said: “Just can't express my joy for the great news!!!”Another said: “Good to hear this, shame to the haters.”However, others said the claim was not true.Were Sunday and Ropo Adeyemo jailed and have they been released from custody in Benin?Igboho still held but wife releasedThe Adeyemos fled Nigeria for the neighbouring Republic of Benin in early July after their Ibadan home was raided by the the Department of State Services.Ammunition and weapons were found on the premises during the raid.The Nigerian government then issued a warrant for Sunday Adeyemo’s arrest.On 19 July, the couple were arrested in the port city of Cotonou by Beninoise authorities while trying to travel to Germany. Ropo Adeyemo lives in Germany.The charges brought by the Beninoise court were for immigration-related offences. It ordered Ropo’s release while Sunday remained in custody. His trial continued on 26 July. The claims on Facebook are false.","https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55934275,https://www.ngnews247.com/sunday-igboho-biography-wfe-age-house-sons-family-net-worth-cars/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/471288-lagos-rally-sunday-igboho-yoruba-nation-campaigners-set-for-showdown-with-police.html,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://web.facebook.com/pdployalistsfanpage/posts/336548608129514?__tn__=%2CO*F,https://www.britannica.com/place/Benin,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55934275,https://www.dss.gov.ng/,https://guardian.ng/news/dss-declares-sunday-igboho-wanted-confirms-raid-on-his-residence/,https://guardian.ng/news/dss-declares-sunday-igboho-wanted-confirms-raid-on-his-residence/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/474749-how-sunday-igboho-was-arrested-in-benin-republic.html,http://saharareporters.com/2021/07/22/breaking-beninese-court-releases-sunday-igboho%E2%80%99s-wife-orders-igboho-remain-custody,https://punchng.com/beninoise-courts-not-used-to-large-crowds-igbohos-lawyers-caution-supporters/","No, Nigeria's Yoruba separatist Sunday Adeyemo still in custody in Benin, but wife Ropo Adeyemo released",,,,,,
-16,,,,Misleading,Keegan Leech,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/keegan-leech,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/reports/no-south-africa-does-not-account-50-global-mining-deaths,About 50% of global mining deaths occur in South Africa.,2021-07-28,africacheck,,"Messages posted on Twitter and Facebook claim that 50% of global mining deaths occur in South Africa.But the figure is taken from a 2020 report by the International Council on Mining and Minerals, which only records the deaths reported by its 28 member companies. This is not all the mining deaths in the world.There is a lack of reliable global statistics on mining fatalities. Deaths from mining diseases, and the deaths of contractors and small-scale miners, tend to be under-reported.“About 50% of global mining deaths occur in South Africa. Yet no single mining executive has been held accountable,” reads a tweet with more than 850 likes, which has been shared over 500 times on Twitter. The claim has also been posted on Facebook and other social media.When another user asked for “receipts” supporting the claim, the person who posted it said the data came from the International Council on Mining and Metals. Is the claim backed by data? We checked. Only 28 members included in rankingThe source of this claim is a 2020 report published by the International Council on Mining and Minerals (ICMM). The mining association collates the number of workplace accidents and fatalities recorded by its members.But the ICMM told Africa Check that its 28 member companies represent only about a third of the global mining industry. Not all mining companies are members and not all countries are represented. According to the report, South Africa recorded 22 out of 44 fatalities in 2020. This is 50% of deaths reported by its members – not 50% of global deaths. South Africa also accounted for more total working hours than any other individual country: 17.7% of all recorded hours in 2020.Government records more mining deathsSouth Africa has regularly fared worst in the ICMM’s safety reports. It has contributed the most deaths every year since 2015, the first year the council recorded location data. The one exception was 2019, when the Brumadinho dam disaster in Brazil claimed more than 250 lives.But the ICMM’s records likely don’t even represent all mining deaths in South Africa. The last year the country’s department of mineral resources and energy released a tally of mining fatalities was 2018. In that year, the department recorded 81 fatalities, while South African ICMM members recorded just 14.Data on global mining deaths is limited According to the Minerals Council South Africa (MCSA), another mining industry employers’ organisation, the ICMM’s 28 members “exclude huge numbers of mining businesses in many parts of the world, including some major mining jurisdictions, most notably China”.But determining the total number of mining fatalities around the world is not easy.“There is no one record of all industry fatalities,” the ICMM told Africa Check. “Individual companies will release their fatality numbers in their own sustainability and annual reports.”In 2019 the Wall Street Journal reported that many of the world’s mining fatalities may not even be counted. Its analysis of mining companies’ safety reports found that many did not record the deaths of contractors, workers transporting extracted minerals or deaths at joint mining ventures, which are managed by more than one company.The journal even found that more than half of the people who died in the 2019 Brumadinho dam disaster may not have been included in the official mining death toll. Deaths from mining diseases are even more likely to go unrecorded.Artisanal mining deaths may not be recordedAnother category of fatalities which may go overlooked is artisanal mining. In 2013, the World Bank estimated that there were “approximately 100 million artisanal miners globally”. This form of small-scale mining is often, but not always, conducted illegally. Deaths in this sector are more likely to go unrecorded. In June 2021 the bodies of 20 people believed to be illegal miners or “zama-zamas” were found near abandoned mine shafts in Johannesburg. In a 2016 report, human rights organisation Amnesty International said that in artisanal cobalt mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, “many accidents go unrecorded and bodies are left buried in the rubble”.And a 2004 publication by philanthropy organisation Oxfam, in collaboration with environmental non-profit Earthworks, found that “health and safety data for ASM [artisanal and small-scale mining] are sketchy, but the sector appears to experience a significantly higher accident rate than the industry as a whole”.Conclusion: South Africa accounts for 50% of mining deaths recorded by 28 companies in a single report – not 50% of global deaths. A widely shared social media post claims that South Africa accounted for “about 50% of global mining deaths”. But the report cited as evidence gives mining fatalities for 28 companies in 2020. That year South Africa accounted for half of the 44 recorded fatalities. The report likely doesn't even represent all mining deaths in South Africa. It also excludes major miners and mining countries such as China. We therefore rate the claim misleading. But data on global mining fatalities is fraught with problems. Beyond the lack of reliable global statistics, deaths from disease, and the deaths of contractors and small-scale miners, are regularly under-reported across the world. More and better data is needed to accurately determine how many deaths are due to mining, both globally and in South Africa.","https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-07/Screenshot_2021-06-21_at_16-00-47_T_on_Twitter.png,https://twitter.com/mokhathi/status/1406134773232418817,https://www.facebook.com/MduZondo/posts/4085206891534393,https://twitter.com/manhlamza/status/1406491787544432643,https://twitter.com/mokhathi/status/1406134773232418817,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2020-safety-data,https://www.icmm.com/,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/about-us,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/about-us/our-members/member-companies,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2019-safety-data,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2018-safety-data,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2015-safety-data,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303243420300192,https://www.dmr.gov.za/,https://www.dmr.gov.za/Portals/0/Resources/Annual%20Reports/DMR_annual_report_2019_low%20res.pdf?ver=2019-11-05-161412-883#page=11,https://www.icmm.com/en-gb/research/health-safety/benchmarking-2018-safety-data,https://www.mineralscouncil.org.za/,https://www.wsj.com/,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-hidden-deaths-of-mining-11577825555,https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-hidden-deaths-of-mining-11577825555,https://www.eiti.org/ASM,https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/extractiveindustries/brief/artisanal-and-small-scale-mining,https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2021-06-15-twenty-bodies-of-alleged-zama-zamas-found-outside-klerksdorp/,https://www.amnestyusa.org/reports/this-is-what-we-die-for-human-rights-abuses-in-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-power-the-global-trade-in-cobalt/,https://www.amnestyusa.org/,https://www.earthworks.org/publications/dirty_metals/,https://www.oxfam.org/en,https://www.earthworks.org/,https://www.earthworks.org/cms/assets/uploads/archive/files/publications/DirtyMetals_Workers.pdf#page=2","No,  South Africa does not account for ‘50% of global mining deaths’","mining, global, deaths",,,,,
-17,,,,Incorrect,Fatima Abubakar,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/fatima-abubakar,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/lemon-zobo-baya-maganin-zazzabi-aje-asibiti,,2021-07-27,africacheck,,"Wani rubutu da aka buga a Facebook yayi iƙirarin cewa lemon zoɓo “na maganin zazzaɓi.”“ Yadda ake lemon zoɓo na magani,” rubutun ya fara. Ya bayyana yadda za ayi  lemon da a fara  jiƙa ganyen zoɓo, abarba, ganyen lemongiras, citta, biturut, lemon zaƙi, kankana da ruwa.Zoɓo dai wani lemo ne da ya shahara a Najeriya, wanda ake yi da busasshiyar filawar itacen rosilli. Itacen rosilli, wanda ake kira da habiscus sabdariffa a kimiyance ya fito ne daga ayarin itatuwan Malvaceae. Yana fitowa a wurare masu zafi, yana kuma da launin kore mai duhu ko jajayen kara da ganye.Shin lemon da aka bayyana a rubutun yana maganin zazzaɓi?  Abubuwa da dama na jawo zazzaɓiZazzaɓi shine ƙaruwar zafin jiki sama da maki 37 a ma’aunin selshiyos. Wanda ke nuna alamun shigar cuta, kamar yadda Mayo Clinic suka bayyana. Wasu daga cikin alamun zazzaɓi sun haɗa da ciwon kai, rawar jiki, rashin ɗanɗano, rashin ruwa a jiki da kuma kasala. Hukumar lafiya ta Britaniyya(NHS) tace abubuwa da cututtaka da dama na iya jawo zazzaɓi. Yana kuma daga cikin alamun cutar Covid-19.Mutane- manya da yara- idan zazzaɓi ya kama su tare da ciwon kai mai zafi, jijjiga, rikicewar tunani, yawan amai, ciwon ciki da wahala wajen numfashi, ana basu shawarar zuwa asibiti cikin gaggawa.Kada a ɗauki zazzaɓi akan abu mai sauƙi“ Wannan haɗin gargajiya ne, ayi watsi da shi,” Cewar Marycelin Baba, Farfesa a fannin ƙwayoyin cuta ta jami’ar Maiduguri, kamar yadda ta shaidawa Africa Check.Baba wadda suka wallafa wata takarda akan gaza gane cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro da zazzaɓin taifot. “ Babu wata hujja a kimiyance da ta goyi da bayan wannan da’awar,”  cewar Farfesar. “ Wannan haɗi baya magani ko hana zazzaɓi. Ƴaƴan itatuwan da aka lissafa na da muhimmanci  a jiki amma ba maganin zazzaɓi ba ne”.Baba ta ƙara da cewa: Idan an kamu da zazzaɓi, a hanzarta zuwa asibiti. Kada a dogara da haɗe-haɗe. Kada a ɗauki zazzaɓi da wasa.”","https://web.facebook.com/groups/353470598374000/permalink/1629649860756061/?__cft__%5b0%5d=AZXew-FyosdUNvmFiQHu2WmjBTbE0I-jl6fFvTmV0nZLllEaKq82pDD0kJl1kshMkyhXxKF0T8YLX_s3bUyzEtZRaH-bDeDuN0n0sc1Hbgp3l2kAaIKLJUpzf2F-2u7tfoQU6o5e4rM3jIMNjN2hZKW9&__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R,https://thenationonlineng.net/interesting-facts-zobo-roselle-drinks/,https://www.britannica.com/plant/roselle-plant,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20352759,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20352759,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20352759,https://www.nhs.uk/search/results?q=Fever&page=0,https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/covid-19-basics,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20352759,https://www.unimaid.edu.ng/,https://www.longdom.org/proceedings/arbovirus-coinfections-in-suspected-febrile-malaria-and-typhoid-patients-a-worrisome-situation-in-nigeria-85.html",Lemon Zoɓo baya maganin zazzaɓi- aje asibiti,"zobo, Incorrect",,,,,
-18,,,,False,Fatima Abubakar,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/fatima-abubakar,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/masanin-kwayoyin-cuta-montagnier-bai-ce-duk-wadanda-aka-yiwa-allurar-rigakafi,,2021-07-27,africacheck,,"Shin Luc Montagnier, ƙwararre akan ƙwayoyin cuta ɗan ƙasar Faransa yace duk waɗanda aka yiwa allurar rigakafi zasu mutu cikin shekaru biyu? Wannan rubutu ne da ke ta yawo a WhatsApp, Facebook da Instagram a Najeriya a watan Mayu 2021.Da dama daga rubutun da ake yaɗawa na nuna hoton Montagnier da taken: “ Duk waɗanda aka yiwa allurar rigakifi zasu mutu cikin shekaru biyu.”“ Luc Montagnier wanda ya samu lambar yabo ta Nobel ya tabbatar da cewa babu dama mutum ya cigaba da rayuwa bayan ya yi kowacce daga alluran rigakafin,” rubutu da ake fi yaɗawa ke cewa.“ A wata ganawa da akayi da shi, babban ƙwararre akan ƙwayoyin cuta ya ce: ‘ babu dama, sannan babu magani ga waɗanda suka riga sukayi allurar rigakafin. Mu shirya ƙona gawawwaki.’ Masanin kimiyar ya kuma goyi da bayan da’awowin wasu masana ƙwayoyin cuta bayan yayi nazarin abubuwa da ke ɗauke  acikin alluran rigakafin. Duk zasu mutu daga haɓakar ƙwayoyin kare ƙwayar cuta a jiki. Babu abun da za a kuma cewa.”Da dama daga rubutukan da ake yaɗawa an alaƙanta su ga wani rubutu a shafin yanar gizo na LifeSiteNews, wanda ke da taƙen: Wanda ya ci lambar yabo ta nobel: Taron llurar rigakafin Covid ‘kuskure ne da ba a amince da shi ba.”Da gaske Montagnier ya ce duk waɗanda aka yiwa alllurar rigakafi zasu mutu cikin shekaru biyu? Ƙarya aka alaƙanta masa, ‘ labaran ƙarya aka kwaikwaya’Wanda aka haifa a ranar 18 ga watan Agusta 1932, Luc Montagnier masanin binciken kimiyyyar ɗan asalin ƙasar Faransa, wanda ya samu tarin nasarori da suka haɗa da lambar yabo ta Nobel a shekarar 2008 akan ilimin sanin halittar ɗan adam da likitanci. Ya kuma jagoranci tawagar masana da suka gano ƙwayar cutar ƙanjamau (HIV) da kuma abun da ke jawo karyewar garkuwar jiki ( Aids)Rubutun da LifeSiteNews tayi, wanda aka buga ranar 19 ga Mayu, ya ambato wata hira da Montagnier “ wadda gidauniyar RAIR ta ƙasar Amurka suka fassara kuma suka wallafa a jiya.” Gidauniyar ta bayyana kanta a matsayin “ wani yunƙuri don ƙwanto jamhuriyar mu daga mutane da ƙungiyoyin da suka haɗa kai don yaƙi da Amurka, tsarin mulki, iyakokin mu da kare ɗabi’un yahudu da nasara”.A cewar LifeSiteNews, Montagnier ya kira “ allurar rigakafin cutar korona da abun da ba a yi tunani ba, kuma babban kuskure a tarihi da ke haifar da nau’ikan cutar, wadda ke ta jawo mace-mace daga cutar”. “ Babban kuskure ne, ko ba haka ba? Kuskure a kimiyance, a kuma likitance. Kuskure ne da ba za a taɓa amincewa da shi ba,” Sun wallafo Montagnier na cewa. “ Littattafan tarihi zasu tabbatar da haka, saboda allurar rigakafin ke jawo nau’oin cutar.”Sai dai babu inda rubutun ya ambato Montagnier ya ce duk waɗanda aka yiwa allurar zasu mutu cikin shekaru biyu, ko kuma “ mu shirya ƙona gawawwaki”.A ranar 27 ga Mayu, LifeSiteNews suka ƙara sabunta rubutun. “ Yayin da LifeSiteNews ta ruwaito abun da Montagnier ya faɗa, wasu masana kimiyya sun yi watsi da rubutun sa, na cewa alluran rigakafin na jawo sababbin nau’ikan cutar,” sabon rubutu ya fara da cewa. Ya kuma ƙare da cewa: “ Abu na biyu shine, Montagnier bai ce duk wanda aka yiwa gwajin  allurar rigakafin Covid-19 ‘zai mutu’ cikin shekaru biyu ba. Wannan maganar an ƙage ta, an danganta masa ita a matsayin labaran ƙarya da ya ke ta bazuwa.”Ba mu samu wata hujja da ta tabbatar da cewa Montagnier yayi waɗannan kalamai ba.","https://www.britannica.com/biography/Luc-Montagnier,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2961114490882044&set=a.1416453855348123&type=3,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-06/mass%20vaccination.JPG,https://web.facebook.com/100002869583120/videos/3859004177538530/?__tn__=%2CO-R,https://www.instagram.com/p/CPjH9cihfL7/,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-06/mass%20vaccination.JPG,https://web.facebook.com/100002869583120/videos/3859004177538530/?__tn__=%2CO-R,https://www.instagram.com/p/CPjH9cihfL7/,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-06/mass%20vaccination.JPG,https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/nobel-prize-winner-mass-covid-vaccination-an-unacceptable-mistake-that-is-creating-the-variants,https://www.lifesitenews.com/about,https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nobel-Prize,https://www.mediatheque.lindau-nobel.org/laureates/montagnier,https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/nobel-prize-winner-mass-covid-vaccination-an-unacceptable-mistake-that-is-creating-the-variants,https://rairfoundation.com/about/,https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/nobel-prize-winner-mass-covid-vaccination-an-unacceptable-mistake-that-is-creating-the-variants,https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/nobel-prize-winner-mass-covid-vaccination-an-unacceptable-mistake-that-is-creating-the-variants,https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/nobel-prize-winner-mass-covid-vaccination-an-unacceptable-mistake-that-is-creating-the-variants,https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/nobel-prize-winner-mass-covid-vaccination-an-unacceptable-mistake-that-is-creating-the-variants,https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/nobel-prize-winner-mass-covid-vaccination-an-unacceptable-mistake-that-is-creating-the-variants,https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/nobel-prize-winner-mass-covid-vaccination-an-unacceptable-mistake-that-is-creating-the-variants",Masanin ƙwayoyin cuta Montagnier bai ce ‘ duk waɗanda aka yiwa allurar rigakafi zasu mutu cikin shekaru biyu’,,,,,,
-19,,,,False,Fatima Abubakar,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/fatima-abubakar,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/shafa-kugu-baya-kara-yawan-maniyyi,,2021-07-27,africacheck,,"Shafa tsakiyar ƙugu na sa ƙarin ruwan maniyyi, a cewar wani hoto a Facebook wanda mutane da dama suka aka rarraba shi.Hoton na ɗauke da kanun rubutun kamar haka, “ Yawan maniyyi” da kuma hoton babban ɗan yatsa akan tsakiyar ƙugu. “ Ku ƙara yawan maniyyi ta hanyar shafa nan wajen a ƙugun ku,” aka rubuta akan hoton.Wasu da su ke tsokaci a ƙasan rubutun waɗanda suka kai sama da mutum 600, na neman a tabbatar musu da gaskiyar batun. Akwai wata hujja a kimiyyance? Menene ƙarancin ruwan maniyyi?A cewar Mayo Clinic, wata cibiyar kiwon lafiya mallakar Amurka, ana ƙirga yawan maniyyin namiji ne ta hanyar dubawa da madubin dibarudu, sannan a ƙirga yawan ƙwayoyin halittar maniyyin da suka bayyana.Yawan ƙwayoyin halittar maniyyin lafiyayyen mutum yana kamawa daga miliyan 15 zuwa sama da miliyan 200 kowanne milimita. Wannan na nufin ƙasa da miliyan 39 yayin inzali. Babu hujja a kimiyyance “ Wannan ai abun dariya ne, duk shekarun da nayi ina aikin kiwon lafiya ban taɓa jin haka ba,” Cewar Sulyman Kuranga, Farfesan mafitsara na jami’ar Ilorin da ke arewa ta tsakiya a Najeriya, kamar yadda ya shaidawa Africa Check.Ya ce: “ Babu wata hujja a kimiyance cewa wannan zai ƙara yawan maniyyi. Sau tari ƙwayoyin cuta ke jawo matsalar ƙarancin yawan maniyyi. Idan an magance cutar, yawan maniyyi namiji na dawowa dai dai.”Don haka shafa ƙugu baya ƙara yawan maniyyi. Babu hujjar da ta tabbatar da hakan a kimiyance, hakan bashi da nasaba da samuwar ruwan maniyyi,” Kuranga ya ce.Bamu samu wani bayani ko bincike da akayi akan hakan ba.Africa Check ta taɓa tantance wata da’awa makamanciyar wannan, wadda ke cewa haɗa wasu  magungunan gargajiya na ƙara yawan maniyyi. Kamar dai wannan su ma ba mu samu wata hujja a kimiyyance ba, don haka da’awar ƙarya ce.","https://web.facebook.com/567790056994933/photos/a.568016010305671/596256384148300/,https://web.facebook.com/567790056994933/photos/a.568016010305671/596256384148300/,https://web.facebook.com/567790056994933/photos/a.568016010305671/596256384148300/,https://web.facebook.com/567790056994933/photos/a.568016010305671/596256384148300/,https://www.mayoclinic.org/,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sperm-count/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374591,https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sperm-count/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374591,https://www.unilorin.edu.ng/,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-combination-fruit-and-spices-wont-boost-sperm-count,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/mixture-bitter-kola-powder-honey-and-ginger-no-cure-low-or-no-sperm-count",Shafa ƙugu baya ƙara yawan maniyyi,"Wrist, massage, sperm count",,,,,
-20,,,,Incorrect,Fatima Abubakar,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/fatima-abubakar,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/babu-wata-cikakkiyar-hujjar-cewa-jikakken-ganyen-mangwaro-na-taimakawa-masu,,2021-07-27,africacheck,,"Wani saƙo da ke yawo a Facebook a Najeriya na iƙirarin cewa za a iya amfani da  ganyen mangwaro don kula da cutar suga nau’i na biyu. Rubutun na Facebook na cewa: “ Ganyen Mangwaro na ɗauke da sindarin tanins da antosiyanis waɗanda suke da ikon taimakawa jiki ya samar da sinadarin insulin, ya daidaita yawan suga a jiki, ya taimakawa mai cutar suga nau’i na 2. Yana taimakawa mai ciwon rage alamomin ciwon a jiki, kamar yawan fitsari da daddare, ya kuma yi maganin cutukan sugan da akafi sani da aniyofati da ratinofati.”Ciwon suga cuta ce da ake rayuwa da ita a jiki, wacce ke haddasa hauhawar sikarin da ke jiki. Saboda gazawar jiki wajen samar da isasshen sinadarin insulin, ko kuma baya amfani da insulin ɗin da jiki ke samarwa yadda ya kamata. Jiki na amfani da sinadarin insulin wajen sarrafa suga da kitse.Cutar suga nau’i na 1 na afkuwa ne lokacin da jiki baya iya samar da isasshen sinadarin insulin, yayin da cutar suga nau’i na 2 na afkuwa ne lokacin da jiki ya gaza amfani da sinadarin insulin.Rubutun na Facebook ya bayyana yadda za’a haɗa da kuma yadda za’a yi amfani da jiƙon ganyen mangwaron.Shin akwai hujja a kimiyyance da ta tabbatar da hakan? Mun bincika. ‘Ba zan bawa kowa shawarar ya sha haɗin ba’ - cewar ƙwararre a fannin.A duk duniya, kimanin mutane miliyan 400 ke fama da cutar suga. Da dama sun fito daga ƙasashe masu ƙarancin tattalin arziƙi. Cutar na kashe aƙalla mutane milyan 1.6 a kowacce shekara, kamar yadda Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta bayyana.Wasu binciken sun tattara bayanai akan sinadarin yaƙi da cutar suga da ke jikin mangwaro. Sharhi akan ayyukan ɗa itace da ganyen mangwaro wajen magani ya nuna cewa “ zai iya zama yana cikin magungunan maganin cutar suga”.“ Wasu daga cikin waɗannan itatuwa na da abubuwa kala kala a jikin su masu amfani,” Aihanuwa Eregie, Farfesa akan magunguna ta jami’ar Benin da ke kudu maso yammacin Najeriya ta shaidawa Africa Check.“Zan fi so ace anyi binciken waɗannan abubuwan a kimiyance, a fitar da abu mai amfani a yi gwaji akan sa na ɗan lokaci. Amma yanzu ba zan bawa kowa shawarar ya sha wannan haɗin ba,” Farfesar ta ce.Ta ƙara da cewa: “ Duk likitan da ya samo cikakken horo akan cutar suga, ba zai ce a sha ganyen mangwaro ba.”Hukumar kula da cututtaka masu yaɗuwa ta Amurka ta ce, za’a iya rayuwa da cutar suga tare da cin abincin da ya dace da shan magunguna don sauƙaƙa cutar suga, hawan jini da yawan kitse.","https://web.facebook.com/peterfatomilolaofficialpag/posts/1552215944969948,https://web.facebook.com/peterfatomilolaofficialpag/posts/1552215944969948,https://web.facebook.com/peterfatomilolaofficialpag/posts/1552215944969948,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes,https://www.hormone.org/your-health-and-hormones/glands-and-hormones-a-to-z/hormones/insulin,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes,https://web.facebook.com/peterfatomilolaofficialpag/posts/1552215944969948,https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1,https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452316X17300819,https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2016/vol5issue3/PartA/5-2-21-518.pdf,https://www.uniben.edu/,https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html",Babu wata cikakkiyar hujjar cewa jiƙaƙƙen ganyen mangwaro na taimakawa masu cutar suga nau’i na biyu,"fake cures, diabetes, mixtures",,,,,
-21,,,,False,Fatima Abubakar,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/fatima-abubakar,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/babu-hujjar-cewa-sojojin-najeriya-300-sun-bar-aiki-tun-bayan-hatsarin-jirgin,,2021-07-27,africacheck,,"“ SAMA DA SOJOJIN NAJERIYA 300 NE SUKA BAR AIKI BAYAN JIRGIN DA AKE ZARGI YA FADO DA SHUGABAN SOJOJIN DA WASU,” cewar wani rubutu da aka wallafa a Facebook a Najeriya, a watan Mayu 2021.Rubutun ya ƙara da cewa: “ MU DAI MUNA ZUBA IDO.”Lt Gen Ibrahim Attahiru, shugaban sojoji, ya rasa ransa da wasu mutane 10 ranar 21 ga watan Mayu a wani hatsarin jirgin sama a jihar Kaduna, arewa maso yammacin Najeriya. Jirgin ya taso ne daga Abuja, babban birnin tarayya, inda ya faɗi yayin da ya ke ƙoƙarin sauka a Kaduna sanadiyar rashin kyan yanayi. Ko sojojin Najeriya da dama sun bar aiki bayan afkuwar hatsarin? Mun bincika. Bamu samu inda aka fitar da labarin cewa sojoji 300 sun bar aiki baLabarin barin aikin sojoji na kwana-kwanan nan dai anyi shi tun watan Junerun 2021, inda aka ce an bawa sojojin 127 damar ajiye aiki idan suna so kafin watan Mayu. Kwamitin wakilai a Najeriya ya tabbatar da cewa a shekarar 2020 dai sojoji 386 sun ajiye aikin da kansu, dalilin matsalar rashin lafiya da wasu matsalolin..Amma babu rahoton barin aikin sojoji 300 bayan rasuwar Attahiru.Bamu samu shelar barin sojoji aiki ba a shafin rundunar sojojin, hanyoyin watsa labaran su ko a shafukan su na yanar gizo.","https://web.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=181073540577691&id=105023624849350&__cft__%5b0%5d=AZW0YHH6bwRBXe-Tm52ZxFFYVtNi242-Bs0ZKoZn90_qYyPbqXSjtNrHMemTglJb0ASictBnUG2YF1ypVpmOZlpfLCltDQj2TqIRZtOv7USb2BaZwaMWFMGgNhMbi_FVIhfV4sPX6KifvXumZqxYT9fp&__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57208951,https://army.mil.ng/chief-of-army-staff-lt-gen-ibrahim-attahiru-dies-in-air-crash/,https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/437852-exclusive-127-soldiers-resign-from-nigerian-army.html,https://www.icirnigeria.org/why-3https:/www.icirnigeria.org/why-386-soldiers-resigned-from-nigerian-army-in-q2-of-2020-reps/,https://dailytrust.com/386-soldiers-quit-army-in-1-year-reps,https://army.mil.ng/,https://twitter.com/HQNigerianArmy",Babu hujjar cewa sojojin Najeriya 300 sun bar aiki tun bayan hatsarin jirgin saman da yayi sanadin mutuwar shugaban sojojin,military,,,,,
-22,,,,Fake,Grace Gichuhi,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/grace-gichuhi,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-tanzanian-president-suluhu-didnt-tweet-twitter-activist-kigogo2014-should,,2021-07-26,africacheck,,"Tanzanian president Samia Suluhu has come out in support of a prominent but anonymous Twitter user with the handle @Kigogo2014, a whistleblower and human rights activist who was threatened with arrest by the administration of late president John Magufuli.At least, so it appears in what seems to be a screenshot of a tweet from Suluhu’s verified Twitter account, circulating on Facebook since June 2021.“Mwacheni Kigogo2014 Fanyeni mambo ya msingi na yenye Tija katika nchi, Kila mmoja ana Haki na Uhuru wa kujieleza,” the tweet reads, in Kiswahili.This roughly translates as: “Let Kigogo2014 be. Focus on important and productive issues in the country. Every person has a right and freedom to express themselves.”The screenshot has been shared in two public Facebook groups, one with more than 280,000 members, the other with some 67,000 members. False claims of copyright infringement have been used in an attempt to silence @Kigogo2014, who has more than 577,000 followers and has been described in Tanzania as “our president of the Twitter republic”.The activist’s identity is unknown, a “closely guarded secret”, the BBC says. He or she told the BBC: “I'm a whistleblower and I expose corruption and human rights abuses in the country.”But did Suluhu, who succeeded Magufuli when he died in March, really tweet that @Kigogo2104 should be left alone?We checked.‘This information is not true’There is no reference to “Kigogo2014” on the Tanzanian presidency’s official Facebook page. An advanced Twitter search also returned no results. But the screenshot was posted on “Ikulu Mawasiliano”, the Facebook page of the president’s communication team – stamped “FAKE NEWS”.“TAARIFA HII SIYO YA KWELI. IPUUZWE,” the post reads. Translation: “This information is not true. Ignore it.” A screenshot of a tweet suggests that Tanzanian president Suluhu has called for activist Twitter user @Kigogo2014 to be left alone. But the president’s communications team dismissed it as fake.","https://www.ikulu.go.tz/,https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/minister-lugola-launches-attack-on-twitter-user-kigogo-ahead-of-civic-polls-2695988,https://twitter.com/kigogo2014,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55186932,https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/minister-lugola-launches-attack-on-twitter-user-kigogo-ahead-of-civic-polls-2695988,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56437852,https://www.facebook.com/groups/305876886781039/posts/787087178660005/,https://www.facebook.com/groups/329927404946164/posts/498008031471433/,https://web.facebook.com/groups/329927404946164/permalink/498008031471433/,https://www.facebook.com/groups/329927404946164/posts/498008031471433/,https://www.facebook.com/groups/305876886781039/posts/787087178660005/,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55186932,https://twitter.com/kigogo2014,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55186932,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55186932,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56437852,https://www.facebook.com/groups/305876886781039/posts/787087178660005/,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-07/Kigogo2014.JPG,https://www.facebook.com/ikulu.mawasiliano,https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-07/Kigogo2014Twitter.JPG,https://web.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=129513889284026&id=100402328861849,https://web.facebook.com/Ikulu-Mawasiliano-100402328861849/?__cft__%5b0%5d=AZWm2B-o-K7ntsm7IN5Cy5w_26GOSiZRCheTSp_FZvK4JsVHslryicDjSarNS8U6Fgz4HozXk-_LKiwIEwRDXWryZ2AKNN_QNArcPCFCF4YaVjHmQOuGz_5Xq-MQ1q-Oy0H3Uy0sMFpbECCwqzBz0D8j&__tn__=-UC%2CP-R,https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=129513889284026&id=100402328861849","No, Tanzanian president Suluhu didn’t tweet that Twitter activist @Kigogo2014 should be left alone",,,,,,
-23,,,,Correct,Mandy Lombo,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/mandy-lombo,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/yes-video-shows-massive-queue-shops-ulundi-after-shutdownsa-protests,,2021-07-26,africacheck,,"South Africa’s Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal provinces experienced a week of looting, protests and violence following former president Jacob Zuma’s imprisonment for contempt of court. During the tense week several false and misleading videos were shared online. In many cases old or out of context videos were passed off as recent events. Social media users tagged Africa Check in many of the posts, including one with a video of a long queue winding along a road. Most posts of the video, filmed from a helicopter, said it showed food queues in Ulundi, KwaZulu-Natal. We checked. Google Maps confirms video filmed in Ulundi Using Google Maps we were able to confirm that the video was filmed in Ulundi. At the beginning of the video there’s a building on the corner of a T-junction. This is the Ulundi police station on King Zwelithini street. A billboard in the video is also visible in Google street view. At 19 seconds the Ulundi municipal building appears in the video. In Google satellite view, the same building and green roofs can be seen. Video filmed on 16 July 2021The next step was to confirm if the video was filmed after the violence and looting in KwaZulu-Natal. Africa Check spoke to Ulundi’s municipality speaker, councillor Johanna Manana. She confirmed that the video was shot on 16 July 2021, by municipal manager Nkosenye Zulu.  Manana said the queue formed because the municipality had decided that “only two shops, Spar and Boxer, would be open on that day. This was to try and avoid looting and burning of shops.” She said that all shops in Ulundi had since been opened.","https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/07/13/south-africa-zuma-protests-violence/,https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57650517,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/reports/beware-you-share-these-shutdownsa-videos-are-misleading,https://twitter.com/SammyJoeD/status/1416056830661382147,https://twitter.com/SammyJoeD/status/1416056830661382147,https://www.google.com/maps/place/Ulundi/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x1ef0636c86b220c3:0xcb1dd66c50c6974d?sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiWiKnD5fjxAhX3QUEAHZW1AxsQ8gEwJHoECFMQAQ,https://www.google.com/maps/@-28.2951811,31.4291395,3a,75y,225.26h,83.33t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1svjOb6-wXxoZCsxqhwVg5XQ!2e0!6shttps:%2F%2Fstreetviewpixels-pa.googleapis.com%2Fv1%2Fthumbnail%3Fpanoid%3DvjOb6-wXxoZCsxqhwVg5XQ%26cb_client%3Dmaps_sv.tactile.gps%26w%3D203%26h%3D100%26yaw%3D304.48022%26pitch%3D0%26thumbfov%3D100!7i13312!8i6656,https://www.google.com/maps/@-28.2954652,31.4281484,329m/data=!3m1!1e3,https://www.google.com/maps/@-28.2924603,31.4252623,329m/data=!3m1!1e3,https://www.ulundi.gov.za/office-mm","Yes, video shows massive queue for shops in Ulundi after #ShutdownSA protests",,,,,,
-24,,,,False,Taryn Willows,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/taryn-willows,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-covid-vaccines-cannot-make-you-magnetic-videos-claim,,2021-07-23,africacheck,,"Several videos doing the rounds on Facebook in South Africa appear to show different metal objects sticking to people who have recently received the Covid-19 vaccine.One video shows a phone stuck to a man’s arm, apparently after he received the second jab of the vaccine against Covid.Another shows a metal spoon sticking to a woman’s arm, apparently also  after she received the vaccine.A third video, with people speaking isiZulu, shows a woman putting a coin against a man’s arm and it also sticking to him. It’s unclear whether the man and woman in the third video are in fact South African, as the dialogue is out of sync with the people speaking, so may have been recorded over a video from elsewhere. The man and woman in the first and second videos sound Nigerian, though this could not be immediately confirmed.These videos have been widely shared since vaccines against Covid-19 first became available in South Africa, with claims the vaccines contain metals or microchips that make the site of injection magnetic. But could this startling claim be true? We checked.Debunked by South African government news agencyThe South African government news agency put out a statement about the reported phenomena on 11 June 2021, in response to the viral videos. It started: “The KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health has welcomed input from top global health experts, who have dismissed purported links between the Covid-19 vaccine and magnetic fields.”Provincial government minister of health Nomagugu Simelane said that “several international medical scientists have rejected these claims as scientifically improbable and false”.“According to a report shared by World Health Organization (WHO) affiliated group, Africa Infodemic Response Alliance (Aira), Covid-19 vaccines do not contain magnetic microchips.”An earlier statement by the South African government on 9 June quoted Dr Stephen Schrantz, an infectious diseases specialist at the University of Chicago. He said: “No, getting a Covid-19 vaccine cannot cause your arm to be magnetised. This is a hoax, plain and simple”.“There is absolutely no way that a vaccine can lead to the reaction shown in these videos posted to Instagram and YouTube. It is better explained by two-sided tape on the metal disc being applied to the skin, rather than a magnetic reaction,” he said.The government also quoted Dr Thomas Hope, vaccine researcher and professor of cell and developmental biology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in the US, who also debunked the claim.He said: “This is impossible. There’s nothing there [in the vaccine] that a magnet can interact with, it’s protein and lipids, salts, water and chemicals that maintain the pH. That’s basically it, so this is not possible.”Nothing magnetic in vaccine ingredients?In order for these metal objects to stick to where someone has received the vaccine jab, the ingredients would have to have a metal base.According to the WHO, none of the ingredients in Covid vaccines have a metal base.The WHO also says that many of the components used in vaccines “occur naturally in the body, in the environment, and in the foods we eat”. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also lists the ingredients for each of the Covid-19 vaccines approved around the world.The various ingredients in the Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccines are listed by the FDA. None of these vaccines list any metal-based ingredients. The US Centres for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) notes that “Covid-19 vaccines do not contain ingredients that can produce an electromagnetic field at the site of your injection”. (Note: Only the Johnson & Johnson and Pfizer vaccines have been administered in South Africa at the time of writing.)Doses so small, even if were magnetic, wouldn’t attract objects shown in videosSome fact-checking organisations have also made the point that even if the vaccines did contain magnetic metals, one dose could not possibly cause a magnetic reaction. Medical professionals at the Meedan Health Desk have explained why: “The amount of metal that would need to be in a vaccine for it to attract a magnet is much more substantial than the amounts that could be present in a vaccine's small dose.”An expert the BBC spoke to gave some ways one can get metals to appear to stick to the skin. These include surface oils or tension and “trickery like band-aid residue or other sticky residue”. The claim that Covid-19 vaccines can cause a person to become magnetic at the vaccination site has been widely debunked by several other fact-checking organisations. It is simply not possible.","https://www.facebook.com/ruth.suowari/videos/418750162587520/,https://www.facebook.com/poemosis/videos/1168663400313236/,https://www.facebook.com/mbokazi/posts/10224841580205302,https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/covid-19-vaccine-magnetic-fields-claims-dismissed,https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/covid-19-vaccine-magnetic-fields-claims-dismissed,https://www.gov.za/speeches/mec-nomagugu-simelane-welcomes-dismissal-coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-%E2%80%9Cmagnet%E2%80%9D-claims-hoax,https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/vaccines-and-immunization-what-is-vaccination?topicsurvey=)&gclid=CjwKCAjwruSHBhAtEiwA_qCppkxj3NWUiMNQ3be39DV5yPfZ19F0O0YrB_Nqn0Zl4w7rsn2qR5939RoCvbEQAvD_BwE,https://www.fda.gov/,https://www.fda.gov/media/144414/download#page=2,https://www.fda.gov/media/144638/download#page=2,https://www.fda.gov/media/146305/download#page=2,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/facts.html,https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-coronavirus-vaccine-idUSL2N2N41KA,https://health-desk.org/articles/what-do-we-know-about-the-pfizer-vaccine-and-magnets,https://www.bbc.com/news/av/57207134,https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/06/21/fact-check-covid-19-vaccines-arent-magnetic/7698556002/,https://www.jacarandafm.com/shows/mornings-with-mack/watch-covid-19-vaccine-wont-make-you-magnetic/,https://www.bbc.com/news/av/57207134","No, Covid vaccines cannot make you magnetic as videos claim","magnet, Coronavirus, Covid-19 vaccine",,,,,
-25,,,,Incorrect,Naledi Mashishi,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/naledi-mashishi,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/reports/state-emergency-would-not-strip-ramaphosas-powers-and-make-dlamini-zuma,"If a state of emergency is declared in South Africa the president will be stripped of his powers, which will go to the military. Cooperative governance minister Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma will, in terms of the disaster management act, “take over”.",2021-07-23,africacheck,,"After calls for a state of emergency to deal with protests and looting in South Africa, a message appeared on social media claiming that an emergency declaration would give the president’s powers to the military and put cooperative governance minister Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma in charge.Constitutional law experts told Africa Check this was false. A state of emergency would give the president more power, and he would retain control of the military.The current state of disaster to control Covid-19 does give the cooperative governance minister limited new powers. But she would not “take over”, as the message claims, under a state of emergency.A message heavily shared on WhatsApp and Facebook warns about the consequences of a state of emergency being declared in South Africa.“If a state of emergency is declared the military takes over the rule of the land and the state president is stripped of his powers,” it reads. “In terms of the Disaster management Act Nkosazana dlamini Zuma will take over giving power to the Zuma’s.” Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma is South Africa’s minister of cooperative governance and traditional affairs (Cogta). She was married to former president Jacob Zuma from 1993 to 1998.South Africa saw a week of violent protests and looting after Zuma was taken into custody to serve a 15-month sentence for contempt of court. At least 337 people were killed and 1,500 arrested. The violence led to calls for the government to declare a state of emergency to restore order.Is the message an accurate reflection of what would happen if a state of emergency was declared in South Africa? We checked. Viral message is ‘absurd’Prof Pierre de Vos, a constitutional law expert in the department of public law at the University of Cape Town, said the viral message was “absurd”. He explained that under a state of emergency, governance still lies with parliament and the executive. But the presidency is given more powers –  they are not “stripped” away. The South African constitution and the State of Emergency Act allow the president to declare a state of emergency only when “the life of the nation is threatened by war, invasion, general insurrection, disorder, natural disaster, or other public emergency”. It can apply to the whole country or a specific area. “It gives the president Cyril Ramaphosa more power to make regulations,” de Vos said. But he added that there were limits to the presidency’s additional powers under a state of emergency: “The extra powers can only be used if they are necessary to deal with the emergency. You cannot make regulations about things that are not directly linked to trying to deal with the emergency.”Michael Evans is an attorney and partner at law firm Webber Wentzel with experience in local government, and administrative and constitutional issues. He told Africa Check that the military would not take over during a state of emergency. “The president is still the one who [delegates] responsibility and [confers] power and he can at any time withdraw it.”State of disaster during Covid pandemic  The message also claims that “in terms of the Disaster management Act Nkosazana dlamini Zuma will take over giving power to the Zuma’s”. South Africa is currently under a state of disaster, which was declared on 15 March 2020 in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. The Disaster Management Act, which falls under Cogta, dictates which regulations are enforced. At the moment these include mandatory mask-wearing in public, a curfew, restrictions on gatherings and an alcohol ban.But De Vos said the act was “completely separate” legislation that could not override the constitution. Evans told Africa Check that while the state of disaster has given Dlamini-Zuma powers that she would not ordinarily have as Cogta minister, she does not take the place of the president. He said there were key differences between a state of emergency and a state of disaster.A state of emergency has more parliamentary oversight than a state of disaster. Under the constitution, parliament must review a state of emergency after 21 days. “One of the problems with the national disaster has been that once a national disaster has been declared there is very little parliamentary oversight, which we’ve seen in the last year and a half,” Evans explained. Another major difference is that the public still have all of their basic constitutional rights under a state of disaster. But these rights can be limited under a state of emergency.  No state of emergency since apartheid ended South Africa last saw a state of emergency under the apartheid regime, in 1986. Evans, who was detained three times during apartheid-era states of emergency, told Africa Check the current state of emergency act was a “much better situation”.“Under the apartheid era we had no constitution so there was absolutely no protection. You could detain people, for example, indefinitely under the emergency in the apartheid era,” he said. “Now, if we have a state of emergency it will be very different because you will still retain a number of your constitutional rights and some of the other issues are quite heavily regulated.”The constitution includes a section setting out which rights can be limited under a state of emergency, and to what extent. Importantly, the right to life and human dignity are entirely protected from limitation. But De Vos warned that a state of emergency should not be taken lightly, as other rights could be limited. “They could, for example, allow people to be detained for 30 or 60 days without a trial.” The government could have the power to limit the media and communication, such as by shutting down the internet, if it is deemed necessary to deal with the emergency.Conclusion: No accuracy in claims about state of emergency in South AfricaA viral message on WhatsApp and Facebook warns that a declaration of a state of emergency in South Africa would strip powers from the president and give them to the military. It also claims that under the Disaster Management Act, Cogta minister Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma would become president.Two constitutional law experts rubbished these claims. Under a state of emergency the president is given more power and retains control of the military. The current state of disaster to deal with Covid-19 does give Dlamini-Zuma more power than before. But she would not become the president under a state of emergency.We therefore rate the message as incorrect.The experts warned, however, that a state of emergency should not be taken lightly as it could allow basic rights to be limited.","https://africacheck.org/sites/default/files/media/images/2021-07/State%20of%20Emergency.png,https://www.facebook.com/bevlee.naidoo/posts/10159575876567498,https://www.dpme.gov.za/about/Pages/Minister-Nkosazana-Dlamini-Zuma.aspx,https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/nkosazana-clarice-dlamini-zuma,https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-07-17-this-is-us-those-trying-to-tear-south-africa-apart/,https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/7/22/south-africa-unrest-death-toll-jumps-to-more-than-300,https://businesstech.co.za/news/business/505776/more-groups-call-for-state-of-emergency-in-south-africa/,http://www.publiclaw.uct.ac.za/pbl/staff/pdevos,http://www.publiclaw.uct.ac.za/,http://www.uct.ac.za/,https://www.gov.za/about-government/government-system/executive-authority-president-cabinet-and-deputy-ministers,https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/saconstitution-web-eng.pdf,https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201409/a64-97.pdf,https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201409/a64-97.pdf#page=2,https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/saconstitution-web-eng.pdf#page=20,https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201409/a64-97.pdf#page=2,https://www.webberwentzel.com/Specialists/Pages/Michael-Evans.aspx,https://www.webberwentzel.com/Pages/default.aspx,http://declared,https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202106/44772rg11299gon565.pdf,https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202106/44772rg11299gon565.pdf#page=3,https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202106/44772rg11299gon565.pdf#page=5,https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202106/44772rg11299gon565.pdf#page=7,https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/202106/44772rg11299gon565.pdf#page=14,https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/saconstitution-web-eng.pdf#page=20,https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/states-emergency-south-africa-1960s-and-1980s,https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/saconstitution-web-eng.pdf#page=22,https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/saconstitution-web-eng.pdf#page=22",State of emergency would NOT strip Ramaphosa’s powers and make Dlamini-Zuma president,"state of emergency, president, Dlamini-Zuma",,,,,
-26,,,,False,Dancan Bwire,,,africacheck,https://africacheck.org/about/authors/dancan-bwire,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/fbchecks/no-evidence-nairobi-county-deputy-governor-made-statement-about-kenya-trade,,2021-07-23,africacheck,,"Has the acting governor of Kenya’s capital credited her success to a prominent trade unionist?A graphic shared in a Facebook group with over a million members includes a photo of and supposedly quotes Nairobi county deputy governor Anne Kananu Mwenda. She has been acting governor since January 2021. The quote reads: “Without Francis Atwoli I wouldn't be deputy governor of Nairobi today, it is him who called Murathe and told him that regardless of being a Sonko nominee he believed that I would deliver. It is great honor to rename Dik Dik Road after my political godfather. On top of that he is also a staunch supporter of BBI.” Atwoli is the general secretary of Kenya’s Central Organization of Trade Unions. A road in Nairobi was named after him in May and he publicly thanked Mwenda for the honour on Twitter. But the renaming was criticised by some Kenyans and new road signs have been vandalised at least twice.David Murathe is the vice-chairperson of the country’s ruling party, Jubilee. Mike Mbuvi Sonko is the former governor of Nairobi county who was removed from office in December 2020.The graphic also shows the logo of the trusted news outlet Nation Africa. It has been shared by other users and Facebook groups. But is the quote genuine?No evidence Mwenda said anything similarThe graphic looks badly photoshopped and the photo of Mwenda is blurry. The quote includes misspellings and missing words, which is unusual in a communication from a trustworthy news organisation. The font is also different from the one used in other similar graphics from Nation Africa. These are all signs that the graphic wasn’t issued by the news outlet and is fake.Africa Check looked at all similar graphics published since 18 June 2021 and did not find this quote from Mwenda, or anything similar.Using the Nairobi City County website, we found the county’s Twitter handle and from there, the county deputy boss’s account. She has not posted anything on Twitter like the comment in the digitally manipulated graphic.We could find no coverage in any news outlet of a quote like it. It appears to have been made up.","https://www.facebook.com/groups/kenyapolitforum/permalink/2871879856444117/,https://citizentv.co.ke/news/who-is-anne-kananu-mwenda-the-new-nairobi-deputy-governor-311181/,https://citizentv.co.ke/news/who-is-anne-kananu-mwenda-the-new-nairobi-deputy-governor-311181/,https://www.pulselive.co.ke/news/local/jubilee-partys-message-to-anne-kananu-mwenda-after-taking-over-as-acting-nairobi/3h5jgg2,https://www.facebook.com/khalifoi/posts/10220970494184595,https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/bd/lifestyle/profiles/francis-atwoli-straight-shooter-no-hostages-over-street-name-3425646,https://cotu-kenya.org/,https://twitter.com/AtwoliDza/status/1397894774787616775,https://twitter.com/AtwoliDza/status/1397894774787616775,https://citizentv.co.ke/news/francis-atwoli-road-sign-in-kileleshwa-burnt-down-11932708/,https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/nainotepad/2001308336/david-murathe-the-chief-chef-in-uhurus-kitchen-cabinet,https://twitter.com/MikeSonko,https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/politics/article/2001397657/its-over-for-sonko,https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=192229306150952&id=103041941736356,https://nation.africa/kenya,https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=10219545116081750&set=bc.Abo0ISOgdBjLRJsp5pZmVgWquSoilJF5aqwBgAh8vVrEwN6TqiPjZQmE-ieYH54Qsbc8zq3CR5XoONVicDSSrcjsNQMG9SGmp22TEEPxc5YU87w4Kcgzj8O3cQu35AhVdh2jYpVYM5YZUrD5Xlj-4bLrS_0nyHsgsQlo5jhq7Nb9BeGCEJ99jqXLUA3xttjWpSaxrRgfYTnha_vinzbp2fH0NH5gHPMIY4AnrX5QTJRIs94YTuKrVoyjyieDkD7JLoCDQFYAy3kalnCn2FkIgMa9qJwsF6WIW75tjzqsJHa48dS-xYvBuD--uGqcvaZ7V18rjVpVRwRM1Uepy0eJVXXkDtYBCHv4eS9XGFB6YEDWdnCzSXtNDfcRV6m0qFjePuM&opaqueCursor=AbpySrKdzkXnOLaMMmf8XWMhrGtdJs2NotEy4bPwnkorwa91N9RlmWY5Ubav8iriaBEkfXTMJNp_IMTLmOPXgKbf7l9XB-xjAVzdNo0pc04VMN_qpGT2EiwchadFQJ0IDe55-qWUjvVjbtOkuA92RnmM2UYhyWb4v_u-c3NztQ3KVuiLE_hUtA6j3aXTEp3EfG9HuzZm7KI7ZnN1gLvOzJhY_K1w3X20sVWyiBeEpctqVRR1X412c-iCOxkyuaWPl2X0gcCp8jEUjTt4LbYa7d22IUu0N41GVUQCexpklQoIk_SSzs35Cy8qB7udXRemIJlM_5JwSIa2RvY0s1uDLxAgzU6tXaEAvIqAKhUJM4H53coGmr2gZhV1MuZNLhE7JZAPwnQUQsxD9ZSWFFpbAFtzmAk1Ht5xF3K4_SsPc82hxWIiaMyw0PNt_zT7gQwPVMCWoktJROLNOqGOmgymN6hSAzLcqmKGdVS3tYD7ejFBhIYJ5A58Ux3tjj2L8csU2Sj6k9GhOj_5puB6kACTewy1qohzEyMYrEXAYM5dizx__oC96hf5YULjHQqf0T2FYGY,https://www.facebook.com/khalifoi/posts/10220970494184595,https://www.facebook.com/groups/3061760543907386/permalink/4226008697482559,https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=192229306150952&id=103041941736356,https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=192229306150952&id=103041941736356,https://www.facebook.com/nation/photos/10159823771319497,https://nairobi.go.ke/,https://twitter.com/047County?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Eembeddedtimeline%7Ctwterm%5Eprofile%3A047County%7Ctwgr%5EeyJ0ZndfZXhwZXJpbWVudHNfY29va2llX2V4cGlyYXRpb24iOnsiYnVja2V0IjoxMjA5NjAwLCJ2ZXJzaW9uIjpudWxsfSwidGZ3X2hvcml6b25fdHdlZXRfZW1iZWRfOTU1NSI6eyJidWNrZXQiOiJodGUiLCJ2ZXJzaW9uIjpudWxsfSwidGZ3X3R3ZWV0X2VtYmVkX2NsaWNrYWJpbGl0eV8xMjEwMiI6eyJidWNrZXQiOiJjb250cm9sIiwidmVyc2lvbiI6bnVsbH19&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fnairobi.go.ke%2F,https://twitter.com/047County/status/1405170397369282562,https://twitter.com/AnnKMwenda1,https://twitter.com/AnnKMwenda1",No evidence Nairobi county deputy governor made statement about Kenya trade unionist helping her get top job,,,,,,
+0,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-27,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/,"Tetanus is an anaerobic bacteria meaning it can't survive in oxygenated environments and because blood has oxygen in it, if the wound bled, there is no risk of tetanus.",2021-07-27,fullfact,,"A Facebook post contains lots of false information about tetanus, including misinformation about the types of wounds that can lead to tetanus infection, and the fact that a bleeding wound means there is “NO tetanus”.  Tetanus is an infection caused by a bacteria called Clostridium tetani, and affects the muscles and nervous system. It is rare in the UK, but can be fatal. The symptoms are caused by toxins produced by the bacteria once it enters the body.   The bacteria that cause tetanus can live in the gut and faeces of horses and other animals.  The bacteria itself is anaerobic (lives in an oxygen-free environment), but it produces spores which allow it to reproduce. These spores can live in lots of different environments including ones with oxygen, like on surfaces and in soil, and can survive for a very long time. Infection in humans then occurs if spores are introduced into the body, for example through a cut or wound. The Facebook post claims: “If your wound was not caused by a rusty nail (embedded in a place where cattle, sheep, or horses graze and poop, or where cattle, sheep, or horses used to graze or poop) or a pitch fork while mucking stalls... you most likely don’t have to worry about tetanus.” This isn’t true. While some types of injuries may pose a higher risk than others, the NHS website describes several different types of injury that could pose a risk of tetanus infection, especially if you are not vaccinated, including eye injury, contaminated injections, piercings, burns and animal bites. Public Health England says tetanus may also follow injecting drug use or abdominal surgery.  The post adds: “Once exposed to oxygen, it dies. Blood carries oxygen, so if the wound is bleeding, it is being oxygenated.” Although it is true that the bacteria require an environment without oxygen, it is not true that the presence of oxygen eliminates the risk of tetanus infection. A bleeding wound does not completely eliminate the risk of tetanus.  Vaccines against tetanus are a large part of why we have so few cases in the UK. The vaccine can protect against tetanus infection, and it is included in the standard UK immunisation schedule.  The post claims that if there were concerns about tetanus exposure, the only thing that could help would be an injection of tetanus immunoglobulin. This contains antibodies that stop the tetanus toxin working and offers immediate short term protection. The NHS website says that if somebody has a very high risk wound (but has not yet developed symptoms), the wound would be cleaned and immunoglobulins may be given. In addition, if somebody has not been fully vaccinated against tetanus, or isn’t sure, they may be given a top up vaccine.  If a tetanus infection is suspected (due to symptoms or laboratory tests), lots of different treatments may be given, including immunoglobulins, and this would normally require admission to hospital and an intensive care setting.  Tetanus immunisation is usually combined with others, for example, polio and diphtheria.","https://www.facebook.com/janine.brockway/posts/10158480827243727,https://patient.info/childrens-health/immunisation/tetanus-immunisation,https://patient.info/childrens-health/immunisation/tetanus-immunisation#nav-0,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=7,https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002230.htm,https://www.britannica.com/science/spore-biology,https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tetanus,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tetanus,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=7,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=8,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=14,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/nhs-vaccinations-and-when-to-have-them/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/3-in-1-teenage-booster/,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Facebook post on tetanus jabs gets a lot wrong,,,,,,
+1,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-27,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/,"Tetanus is an anaerobic bacteria meaning it can't survive in oxygenated environments and because blood has oxygen in it, if the wound bled, there is no risk of tetanus.",2021-07-27,fullfact,,"A Facebook post contains lots of false information about tetanus, including misinformation about the types of wounds that can lead to tetanus infection, and the fact that a bleeding wound means there is “NO tetanus”.  Tetanus is an infection caused by a bacteria called Clostridium tetani, and affects the muscles and nervous system. It is rare in the UK, but can be fatal. The symptoms are caused by toxins produced by the bacteria once it enters the body.   The bacteria that cause tetanus can live in the gut and faeces of horses and other animals.  The bacteria itself is anaerobic (lives in an oxygen-free environment), but it produces spores which allow it to reproduce. These spores can live in lots of different environments including ones with oxygen, like on surfaces and in soil, and can survive for a very long time. Infection in humans then occurs if spores are introduced into the body, for example through a cut or wound. The Facebook post claims: “If your wound was not caused by a rusty nail (embedded in a place where cattle, sheep, or horses graze and poop, or where cattle, sheep, or horses used to graze or poop) or a pitch fork while mucking stalls... you most likely don’t have to worry about tetanus.” This isn’t true. While some types of injuries may pose a higher risk than others, the NHS website describes several different types of injury that could pose a risk of tetanus infection, especially if you are not vaccinated, including eye injury, contaminated injections, piercings, burns and animal bites. Public Health England says tetanus may also follow injecting drug use or abdominal surgery.  The post adds: “Once exposed to oxygen, it dies. Blood carries oxygen, so if the wound is bleeding, it is being oxygenated.” Although it is true that the bacteria require an environment without oxygen, it is not true that the presence of oxygen eliminates the risk of tetanus infection. A bleeding wound does not completely eliminate the risk of tetanus.  Vaccines against tetanus are a large part of why we have so few cases in the UK. The vaccine can protect against tetanus infection, and it is included in the standard UK immunisation schedule.  The post claims that if there were concerns about tetanus exposure, the only thing that could help would be an injection of tetanus immunoglobulin. This contains antibodies that stop the tetanus toxin working and offers immediate short term protection. The NHS website says that if somebody has a very high risk wound (but has not yet developed symptoms), the wound would be cleaned and immunoglobulins may be given. In addition, if somebody has not been fully vaccinated against tetanus, or isn’t sure, they may be given a top up vaccine.  If a tetanus infection is suspected (due to symptoms or laboratory tests), lots of different treatments may be given, including immunoglobulins, and this would normally require admission to hospital and an intensive care setting.  Tetanus immunisation is usually combined with others, for example, polio and diphtheria.","https://www.facebook.com/janine.brockway/posts/10158480827243727,https://patient.info/childrens-health/immunisation/tetanus-immunisation,https://patient.info/childrens-health/immunisation/tetanus-immunisation#nav-0,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=7,https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002230.htm,https://www.britannica.com/science/spore-biology,https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tetanus,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tetanus,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=7,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=8,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=14,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/nhs-vaccinations-and-when-to-have-them/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/3-in-1-teenage-booster/,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Facebook post on tetanus jabs gets a lot wrong,,,,,,
+2,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-27,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/,The daily number of Covid-19 cases seriously understates the real total because it does not count reinfections.,2021-07-27,fullfact,,"ITV News’s political editor Robert Peston said in a tweet that the number of Covid-19 cases being reported each day on the government’s Coronavirus Dashboard “seriously understates” the real number, because people who catch the disease more than once are not counted after the first time. While it is true that these reinfections are not counted as new cases on the dashboard, this is unlikely to mean that the daily case number “seriously understates” the number of cases each day. According to figures published by Public Health England (PHE), there have been 23,105 “possible reinfections” of Covid-19 in England up to 4 July 2021. PHE defines a possible reinfection as one person giving two positive tests “at least 90 days apart”. These are not definite reinfections, however. PHE says: “For a possible reinfection to be categorised as confirmed it requires sequencing of a specimen at each episode and for the later specimen to be genetically distinct from that sequenced from the earlier episode.” This is often not possible, however, since not all positive samples are genomically sequenced. The proportion of cases that are suspected reinfections changes from week to week, but the overall rate has been estimated by a PHE epidemiologist at around 1%. On the day that Mr Peston posted his tweet, 29,173 new cases were reported in the UK on the Coronavirus Dashboard. If a further 1% had been detected as reinfections and added to the total, following the pattern in England, this would have amounted to an extra 290 cases or so. It is possible that reinfections may become more common over time, if immunity from past infections wanes, or if new variants of Covid prove more likely to reinfect people. (Indeed there are indications that PHE may monitor reinfections more closely in future.) Reinfections aside, it’s true that the number of cases reported each day does underestimate the total number of actual infections in the real world, since some infections are asymptomatic and not everyone gets tested. Overall though, it is not right to say that the reported daily case total “seriously understates” the total number of detected cases, as the current evidence suggests it would be only 1% higher if reinfections were included. Mr Peston has since clarified that his concern was that “the quality of the dashboard infections data was not what it should be because of the policy driven exclusion of those who have been infected a second time”.","https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/about-data#:~:text=If%20a%20person%20has%20more%20than%20one%20positive%20test%2C%20they%20are%20only%20counted%20as%20one%20case.,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005056/Weekly_Flu_and_COVID-19_report_w29.pdf#page=18,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005056/Weekly_Flu_and_COVID-19_report_w29.pdf#page=17,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-exceeds-600000-covid-19-tests-genomically-sequenced,https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1419246354224848897?s=20,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1419249293693698049,https://twitter.com/Peston/status/1419683464408875012?s=20,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Robert Peston overstated the importance of reinfections,,,,,,
+3,,,,Mixture,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-26,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/,The mandatory Covid-19 vaccine has been passed through the House of Lords without an impact assessment having been carried out.,2021-07-26,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook claims that a law mandating the Covid-19 vaccine has been passed through the House of Lords without an impact assessment.  This is true, but refers only to an amendment of the Health and Social Care Act which will make it a requirement for care home workers to be fully vaccinated against Covid-19 from October.  It is not mandatory for anyone else to have a Covid-19 vaccination.  This amendment was passed after being voted through the House of Commons and approved by the House of Lords, and it is now law. Baroness Wheeler, a Labour peer, tabled another amendment highlighting the fact that “a full impact assessment has not been published including analysis of the number of current staff who may not comply and the potential impact on care homes if care home staff become ineligible for work because they are not fully vaccinated or medically exempt”.  The lack of an impact statement also prompted the Regulatory Policy Committee (RPC), an independent group who assess the quality of evidence and analysis used to inform regulatory proposals across a number of policy areas, to say the Department of Health and Social Care should have produced an assessment and presented it to the RPC for scrutiny. The RPC also said it should have been seen by ministers and presented to Parliament before it was debated in the House of Commons.  Vaccines minister Nadhim Zahawi had said at a meeting of the Secondary Legislation Scrutiny Committee on 13 July, that the impact assessment was being worked on and would hopefully be made available by the end of that month.  During the debate on this in the Lords, Baroness Wheeler said that an impact statement had been provided, but not a more thorough impact assessment.","https://www.facebook.com/cassiesunshine369/posts/10157902819056857,https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/health-and-social-care-act-2008-regulated-activities-amendment-coronavirus-regulations-2021/#:~:text=would%20make%20it%20a%20requirement%20for%20workers%20in%20care%20homes%20to%20be%20fully%20vaccinated%20against%20coronavirus,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2021/891/contents/made,https://commonsbusiness.parliament.uk/document/49419/html#:~:text=11National%20Health%20Service,accordingly%20agreed%20to.,https://commonsbusiness.parliament.uk/document/49419/html#:~:text=11National%20Health%20Service,accordingly%20agreed%20to.,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2021/891/contents/made,https://votes.parliament.uk/Votes/Lords/Division/2552,https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/regulatory-policy-committee/about#:~:text=we%20assess%20the%20quality%20of%20evidence%20and%20analysis%20used%20to%20inform%20regulatory%20proposals%20affecting%20the%20economy%2C%20businesses%2C%20civil%20society%2C%20charities%20and%20other%20non-government%20organisations.,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/regulatory-policy-committee-statement-on-the-draft-health-and-social-care-act-2008-regulated-activities-amendment-coronavirus-regulations-2021,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/2542/html/#:~:text=You%20are%20absolutely,with%20your%20permission.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/lords/2021-07-20/debates/8154B2EF-D373-4C43-8831-A6B79BCC29CA/Debate#contribution-DE2918F9-74F8-4FF5-A520-7290D1B589F6,https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/making-vaccination-a-condition-of-deployment-in-older-adult-care-homes/outcome/statement-of-impact-the-health-and-social-care-act-2008-regulated-activities-amendment-coronavirus-regulations-2021#cost-implications-for-care-home-providers,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Mandatory Covid-19 vaccine is only for care home workers,,,,,,
+4,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-26,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/,Vaccinated people are dying from Covid-19.,2021-07-26,fullfact,,"A widely shared Facebook post asks “If the jabbed are apparently dying from the unjabbed. Why are the unjabbed not dying? And why are the jabbed dying?”  As we have written about before, the Covid-19 vaccines have been shown to be highly effective in preventing serious illness and death from the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A recent Public Health England (PHE) study, for example, showed that two doses of vaccine are 96% effective against hospitalisation of patients infected with the delta variant.  However, no vaccine is 100% effective in preventing everyone from getting a disease, and some ‘breakthrough’ cases in vaccinated people are expected. Although the virus can be passed on from both vaccinated and unvaccinated people, we know that people who are vaccinated are less likely to transmit the virus. A July 2021 publication from PHE showed that amongst cases of the delta variant (which is now dominant in the UK), there have been 257 deaths within 28 days of a positive test in England since February 2021. Of these, just under half had received two doses of vaccine,  17% were amongst those who’d had the first dose and tested positive after a 21 day period (the time taken to build immunity), and 36% of those deaths were amongst unvaccinated people. However, this does not mean that the vaccines aren’t working, or are themselves causing the deaths.  It is important to remember that although the risk of death with Covid-19 is much reduced with vaccination, because so many people in the UK have been vaccinated, and uptake has been highest and provided first to the most vulnerable people, it is expected that many people who become unwell with Covid-19 will now be among those who are vaccinated.  As statisticians Professor Sir David Spiegelhalter, ​​chair of the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication at Cambridge University, and Anthony Masters, a statistical ambassador for the Royal Statistical Society, wrote in the Guardian, due to the age-related nature of Covid-19 deaths: someone aged 80 who is fully vaccinated has a similar risk profile to an unvaccinated person aged around 50.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=122998123360389&set=a.106860828307452&type=3,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001354/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_17.pdf#page=39,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-dose-of-covid-19-vaccine-can-cut-household-transmission-by-up-to-half,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=17,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=3,https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/commentisfree/2021/jun/27/why-most-people-who-now-die-with-covid-have-been-vaccinated,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines reduce the risk of death but don’t eliminate it altogether,,,,,,
+5,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-26,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/,Vaccinated people are dying from Covid-19.,2021-07-26,fullfact,,"A widely shared Facebook post asks “If the jabbed are apparently dying from the unjabbed. Why are the unjabbed not dying? And why are the jabbed dying?”  As we have written about before, the Covid-19 vaccines have been shown to be highly effective in preventing serious illness and death from the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A recent Public Health England (PHE) study, for example, showed that two doses of vaccine are 96% effective against hospitalisation of patients infected with the delta variant.  However, no vaccine is 100% effective in preventing everyone from getting a disease, and some ‘breakthrough’ cases in vaccinated people are expected. Although the virus can be passed on from both vaccinated and unvaccinated people, we know that people who are vaccinated are less likely to transmit the virus. A July 2021 publication from PHE showed that amongst cases of the delta variant (which is now dominant in the UK), there have been 257 deaths within 28 days of a positive test in England since February 2021. Of these, just under half had received two doses of vaccine,  17% were amongst those who’d had the first dose and tested positive after a 21 day period (the time taken to build immunity), and 36% of those deaths were amongst unvaccinated people. However, this does not mean that the vaccines aren’t working, or are themselves causing the deaths.  It is important to remember that although the risk of death with Covid-19 is much reduced with vaccination, because so many people in the UK have been vaccinated, and uptake has been highest and provided first to the most vulnerable people, it is expected that many people who become unwell with Covid-19 will now be among those who are vaccinated.  As statisticians Professor Sir David Spiegelhalter, ​​chair of the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication at Cambridge University, and Anthony Masters, a statistical ambassador for the Royal Statistical Society, wrote in the Guardian, due to the age-related nature of Covid-19 deaths: someone aged 80 who is fully vaccinated has a similar risk profile to an unvaccinated person aged around 50.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=122998123360389&set=a.106860828307452&type=3,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001354/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_17.pdf#page=39,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-dose-of-covid-19-vaccine-can-cut-household-transmission-by-up-to-half,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=17,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=3,https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/commentisfree/2021/jun/27/why-most-people-who-now-die-with-covid-have-been-vaccinated,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines reduce the risk of death but don’t eliminate it altogether,,,,,,
+6,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+7,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+8,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+9,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+10,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+11,,,,False,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-22,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/,Pictures show Boris Johnson has received a Covid-19 vaccine three times.,2021-07-22,fullfact,,"A number of posts on social media claim that pictures show Boris Johnson receiving three doses of the Covid-19 vaccines.  Two of the pictures do show the Prime Minister receiving a Covid-19 vaccine—his first dose in March 2021 and his second in June.  But the third picture shows him receiving a different vaccine, the annual flu jab, in October 2019.  A clue that this third photograph was taken before vaccine roll out began in December is the fact that, unlike in the other two pictures, Mr Johnson is not wearing a face mask.  This photograph was also taken in Downing Street, rather than in a medical setting like the other two pictures.  The NHS has been given the go-ahead to start a programme of booster Covid-19 vaccines before winter, but the rollout is not expected to start until the autumn. This will mean that all adults aged 50 or over— which will include Mr Johnson—as well as anyone over 16 who qualifies for a flu jab will be offered a third vaccination.  Only two doses are being given at present.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10159938653122697&set=a.10150496491497697&type=3,https://www.instagram.com/p/CRga4vGJ1-e/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.instagram.com/p/CRe7uj3Joiz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/boris-johnson-first-dose-of-astrazeneca-oxford-covid-19-jab-b925189.html#:~:text=else.%22-,The%20Prime%20Minister%20urged%20everyone,%2F%20%20AP,-The%20Prime,https://www.itv.com/news/2021-06-03/covid-boris-johnson-receives-second-coronavirus-vaccine-dose#:~:text=boris%20johnson%20receives%20his%20second%20dose%20of%20the%20astrazeneca%20coronavirus%20vaccine.%20credit%3A%20pa,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jemimamcevoy/2020/12/02/boris-johnson-may-take-newly-approved-covid-vaccine-live-on-tv/?sh=574530234e28#:~:text=speed.-,Prime%20Minister%20Boris%20Johnson,Getty%20Images,-Key,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-55227325,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-57667987,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/coronavirus-vaccination/coronavirus-vaccine/#:~:text=the%20covid-19%20vaccines%20currently%20available%20are%20given%20in%202%20doses.,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Boris Johnson hasn’t had three Covid-19 vaccines,,,,,,
+12,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-22,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/,"Everybody who’s self-isolating is entitled, in addition to the equivalent of the living wage and statutory sick pay, to help in extreme circumstances from their local councils and also to a £500 payment to help them with self-isolation.",2021-07-22,fullfact,,"At Prime Minister’s Questions, Boris Johnson suggested that everybody who’s self-isolating due to Covid-19 is entitled to the equivalent of living wage, statutory sick pay, council support in extreme circumstances and a £500 payment. This is not true. All employees (with a few exceptions) are entitled to statutory sick pay from their employer of £96.35 a week if they are self-isolating (provided the reason for self-isolating isn’t that they have recently returned from abroad). But people are not legally entitled to the equivalent of the living wage (£8.91 an hour for over 23s) while they are self-isolating. Although some employers may of course choose to continue to pay them the living wage while they’re off, as if it were sick leave, and this may be a part of their contractual obligations.  It’s unclear whether Mr Johnson just meant that all employees are entitled to the living wage in general, which is broadly true, except under-23s and apprentices. However, the suggestion that people are entitled to receive the “equivalent” of the living wage while self-isolating, is not. People on low incomes who receive certain benefits, including self-employed people, can also apply for a £500 support payment from their local council.  Some of those who do not receive the right benefits to qualify may get a discretionary payment from their council instead. However, this is an alternative to the support payment, not an additional payment. Nor is “everybody” entitled to it, as the Prime Minister’s comments might have suggested. There is provision for councils to make the £500 payment to people in “extreme circumstances”, but it remains a “discretionary” payment that they are not guaranteed to receive. We have asked Downing Street to clarify Mr Johnson’s comments but at the time of writing it had not responded.","https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/self-isolation-and-treatment/when-to-self-isolate-and-what-to-do/,https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay/eligibility-and-form-ssp1,https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay,https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-rates,https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-rates,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme-claiming-financial-support/claiming-financial-support-under-the-test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme-claiming-financial-support/claiming-financial-support-under-the-test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme,https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/benefits/coronavirus-getting-benefits-if-youre-self-isolating/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme-claiming-financial-support/claiming-financial-support-under-the-test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme#:~:text=for%20a%20%C2%A3500-,discretionary,-payment%20if%20all,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Boris Johnson was wrong to say that “everybody” is entitled to extra self-isolation support,,,,,,
+13,,,,Mixture,Pippa Allen-Kinross,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/,Sir Patrick Vallance said 60% of people currently in hospital with Covid-19 were double vaccinated.,2021-07-21,fullfact,,"The government’s Chief Scientific Adviser Sir Patrick Vallance has corrected comments made at a press conference on 19 July, when he claimed that 60% of people currently in hospital with Covid-19 were double vaccinated.  Writing on Twitter the same evening, he clarified: “About 60% of hospitalisations from covid are not from double vaccinated people, rather 60% of hospitalisations from covid are currently from unvaccinated people.” However, some users on social media are continuing to share the original, incorrect claim without acknowledging the correction in their posts.  The most recent data publicly available from Public Health England, covering the period between 1 February and 21 June 2021, shows there were 1,165 confirmed Delta variant cases where presentation to emergency care resulted in an overnight stay (although this is likely an underestimate). Of these, 733 cases were people who were unvaccinated (63%). Of those who had been vaccinated, 173 cases had received both doses of the vaccine (14.8%), 162 cases had received their first dose of the vaccine more than 21 days ago (13.9%) and 74 had received the first dose less than 21 days ago (6.4%).  As we have written before, none of the Covid-19 vaccines currently available are 100% effective, but vaccines have been found to be highly effective against the risk of hospitalisation. The fact so many people have been vaccinated, and vaccine take up has been very high amongst those most at risk, means it is expected that many people now presenting with Covid in hospitals will have received one or more doses of the vaccine. We welcome Sir Patrick’s correction. It is important that public figures are transparent about errors that they make and issue corrections in a timely manner.","https://youtu.be/3EkYBeoGgV8?t=1544,https://twitter.com/uksciencechief/status/1417204235356213252?s=20,https://www.instagram.com/p/CRjOscMNAiF/,https://www.instagram.com/p/CRhSSlONDC6/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.facebook.com/jordan.nixon.946/posts/10224820733767355,https://www.facebook.com/janine.davies.129/posts/10226433634405379,https://www.instagram.com/reel/CRhWEN2hAHT/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=17,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Double vaccinated people do not make up 60% of Covid-19 hospitalisations,,,,,,
+14,,,,False,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/,"“Forcing” young women to have Covid-19 vaccines is “almost certain” to lead to increased stillbirths, miscarriages, disabled children and infertility.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"In a widely shared and now-deleted tweet, Reform UK leader Richard Tice claimed that “forcing” young women to have the Covid-19 vaccine is “almost certain” to lead to “increased stillbirths, miscarriages, disabled children, infertility”. There is no evidence to support this claim. Mr Tice appeared to be reacting to the announcement that people attending nightclubs and other venues where large numbers of people gather in England will need to be fully vaccinated from the end of September.  When asked on Twitter to back up his claim, Mr Tice later cited the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency’s (MHRA) Yellow Card scheme, and a similar programme also used to monitor suspected side effects of vaccines in the US called the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).  After being questioned on why he shared inaccurate information about the vaccines, Mr Tice  later deleted the tweet and apologised.  As we have written before, the Yellow Card scheme relies on voluntary reporting from medics and members of the public, and is intended to provide an early warning of any previously unknown risks. An adverse event that occurs after vaccination did not necessarily occur because of it. As the MHRA explains: “The nature of Yellow Card reporting means that reported events are not always proven side effects. Some events may have happened anyway, regardless of vaccination.”  The VAERS site includes a similar caveat, stating: “Healthcare providers, vaccine manufacturers, and the public can submit reports to VAERS. While very important in monitoring vaccine safety, VAERS reports alone cannot be used to determine if a vaccine caused or contributed to an adverse event or illness.  “The reports may contain information that is incomplete, inaccurate, coincidental, or unverifiable. Most reports to VAERS are voluntary, which means they are subject to biases.” Claims that the vaccine can affect a woman’s fertility due to the generation of the spike protein have circulated since the start of the vaccine rollout. As we have written before, there is no evidence this is true.  The latest government data shows that 46 million people in the UK have had at least one dose of a Covid-19 vaccine.  The most recent adverse reaction data published by the MHRA shows that there have been six reports of stillbirths after a Covid-19 vaccine, four reports of foetal death, 339 reports of spontaneous abortion (miscarriage), and nine reports of infertility (two male, one female, five unspecified).  As we have written before, it’s sadly estimated one in five pregnancies ends in miscarriage, with an estimated 250,000 miscarriages in the UK each year, so the number of miscarriages reported after vaccination doesn’t appear to exceed the expected level.  Advice from the NHS says there is no evidence that the Covid-19 vaccines affect fertility, and the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines have been “widely used during pregnancy in other countries and no safety concerns have been identified.” Evidence reviewed by the MHRA “has raised no specific concerns for safety in pregnancy”. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists states on its website: “Covid-19 vaccines do not contain ingredients that are known to be harmful to pregnant women or to a developing baby.  “Studies of the vaccines in animals to look at the effects on pregnancy have shown no evidence that the vaccine causes harm to the pregnancy or to fertility.” Mr Tice also said the Covid-19 vaccines have “emergency approval only”. All three of the vaccines currently in use in the UK (Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna) have been authorised for use. A fourth, Janssen has been authorised, but is not yet in use.  Across the UK, the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine has a temporary authorisation (sometimes known as a regulation 174 authorisation) issued by the MHRA, which is an emergency authorisation.  In Great Britain, the Oxford-AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines have another type of authorisation, called a “conditional marketing authorisation” which has been issued by the MHRA.  We have written more about the difference between these types of authorisation before.","https://twitter.com/TiceRichard/status/1417173243782475783,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-57893788,https://twitter.com/TiceRichard/status/1417462595175522305,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/,https://vaers.hhs.gov/,https://twitter.com/TiceRichard/status/1417534451534467073,https://fullfact.org/online/yellow-card-astrazeneca-reactions/#:~:text=REACTIONS-,The%20Yellow%20Card%20scheme,who%20have%20underlying%20illness,-The,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://wonder.cdc.gov/vaers.html#:~:text=Healthcare,scientifically,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-covid-fertility/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=66,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003228/COVID-19_AstraZeneca_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=85,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=66,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=66,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003228/COVID-19_AstraZeneca_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=85,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003230/COVID-19_Moderna_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=30,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003231/COVID-19_Brand_Unspecified_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=19,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=78,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003228/COVID-19_AstraZeneca_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=97,https://fullfact.org/online/Covid-vaccine-miscarriage-false/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/coronavirus-vaccination/pregnancy-breastfeeding-fertility-and-coronavirus-covid-19-vaccination/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/safety-of-covid-19-vaccines-when-given-in-pregnancy/the-safety-of-covid-19-vaccines-when-given-in-pregnancy,https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/coronavirus-covid-19-pregnancy-and-womens-health/covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy/covid-19-vaccines-pregnancy-and-breastfeeding/,https://fullfact.org/online/car-multiclaim-video/#:~:text=All%20three,authorisation%20before,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-uk-recipients-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/conditions-of-authorisation-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#history,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Richard Tice makes misleading claims about Covid-19 vaccines and fertility,,,,,,
+15,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/,Young people are not at risk from Covid-19 at all.,2021-07-21,fullfact,,"During a conversation about nightclub rules on the BBC radio programme World at One, the Conservative MP Sir Charles Walker said that young people are not at risk from Covid-19. This is not true. Although the risks of Covid-19 to young people are very low, it is not right to say that they face no risk at all. In England and Wales, since the pandemic started, 237 people under the age of 30 have died with Covid mentioned on their death certificates as either an underlying or contributory cause. Within this group, the risk is higher among those old enough to go to nightclubs. A small number of young people also become seriously ill with Covid, even if they do not die. The latest data from England, Wales and Northern Ireland suggests that since September about 2.9% of hospital patients critically ill with Covid were younger than 30. There also appears to be a risk of ‘long Covid’, when symptoms last for a long time, although the size of this risk is currently difficult to quantify.","https://medium.com/wintoncentre/what-have-been-the-fatal-risks-of-covid-particularly-to-children-and-younger-adults-a5cbf7060c49,https://twitter.com/zorinaq/status/1406714693507375106?s=20,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/weeklyprovisionalfiguresondeathsregisteredinenglandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/weeklyprovisionalfiguresondeathsregisteredinenglandandwales,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2770542/#:~:text=Young%20adults%20age%2018%20to%2034%20years%20hospitalized%20with%20COVID-19%20experienced%20substantial%20rates%20of%20adverse%20outcomes%3A%2021%25%20required%20intensive%20care%2C%2010%25%20required%20mechanical%20ventilation%2C%20and%202.7%25%20died.,https://www.icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports,https://www.icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports,https://www.icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports,https://www.icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports,https://fullfact.org/health/extrapolating-figures-around-long-covid-kids-not-way-go/,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Young people do face a small risk from Covid,,,,,,
+16,,,,True,Grace Rahman,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/,"In the UK on 1 July 2021, 66% had had their first vaccination, 49% had had their second, and there were 27,989 new cases of Covid-19.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"A post on Instagram seems to imply that the vaccine is causing more Covid-19 cases, by comparing the number of new cases at the start of July 2021, with the same time last year. It correctly states that there were 27,989 new cases reported on 1 July 2021, but incorrectly suggests that there were 63 new daily cases reported on 1 July 2020 in the UK, when there were actually 829. The national Covid-19 vaccine roll-out didn’t start until 8 December. It’s true that, by 1 July 2020, 66% of the total population had received a first dose and 49% had received their second, although that population includes those under 18, who are not routinely advised to have the vaccine. The percentage of adults who had had their first and second vaccines by 1 July 2021 was 86% and 63% respectively. But to suggest then that the vaccines have not slowed transmission, or even increased it, ignores the fact that a lot of other things have changed in the year between these dates. A more transmissible strain of Covid-19 is now dominant, testing is much more prominent now, and restrictions have generally eased across the UK.  The Covid-19 vaccines are highly effective at preventing Covid-19, and at preventing hospitalisations and death following Covid-19 infection, including from the Delta variant. There’s also evidence that they can reduce the risk of you passing Covid-19 to household contacts, if you do happen to get infected.  Getting vaccinated doesn’t guarantee that you won’t get Covid-19, but it does decrease the chance of getting seriously ill and having to hospitalised, and dying of the disease. It certainly isn’t causing more cases, as the Instagram post implies.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CRZ26g9LIIz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_specimen_date,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-55153325,https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2021-07-01&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=People+vaccinated+%28by+dose%29&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=~GBR,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-and-young-people,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations#card-latest_reported_vaccination_uptake,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1000661/8_July_2021_Risk_assessment_for_SARS-CoV-2_variant_DELTA_02.00-1.pdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/testing#card-virus_tests_conducted,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/charts/uk-government-coronavirus-lockdowns,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-vaccine-surveillance-report-published,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines have not caused daily cases to increase,,,,,,
+17,,,,True,Grace Rahman,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/,"In the UK on 1 July 2021, 66% had had their first vaccination, 49% had had their second, and there were 27,989 new cases of Covid-19.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"A post on Instagram seems to imply that the vaccine is causing more Covid-19 cases, by comparing the number of new cases at the start of July 2021, with the same time last year. It correctly states that there were 27,989 new cases reported on 1 July 2021, but incorrectly suggests that there were 63 new daily cases reported on 1 July 2020 in the UK, when there were actually 829. The national Covid-19 vaccine roll-out didn’t start until 8 December. It’s true that, by 1 July 2020, 66% of the total population had received a first dose and 49% had received their second, although that population includes those under 18, who are not routinely advised to have the vaccine. The percentage of adults who had had their first and second vaccines by 1 July 2021 was 86% and 63% respectively. But to suggest then that the vaccines have not slowed transmission, or even increased it, ignores the fact that a lot of other things have changed in the year between these dates. A more transmissible strain of Covid-19 is now dominant, testing is much more prominent now, and restrictions have generally eased across the UK.  The Covid-19 vaccines are highly effective at preventing Covid-19, and at preventing hospitalisations and death following Covid-19 infection, including from the Delta variant. There’s also evidence that they can reduce the risk of you passing Covid-19 to household contacts, if you do happen to get infected.  Getting vaccinated doesn’t guarantee that you won’t get Covid-19, but it does decrease the chance of getting seriously ill and having to hospitalised, and dying of the disease. It certainly isn’t causing more cases, as the Instagram post implies.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CRZ26g9LIIz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_specimen_date,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-55153325,https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2021-07-01&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=People+vaccinated+%28by+dose%29&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=~GBR,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-and-young-people,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations#card-latest_reported_vaccination_uptake,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1000661/8_July_2021_Risk_assessment_for_SARS-CoV-2_variant_DELTA_02.00-1.pdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/testing#card-virus_tests_conducted,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/charts/uk-government-coronavirus-lockdowns,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-vaccine-surveillance-report-published,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines have not caused daily cases to increase,,,,,,
+18,,,,True,Grace Rahman,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/,"In the UK on 1 July 2021, 66% had had their first vaccination, 49% had had their second, and there were 27,989 new cases of Covid-19.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"A post on Instagram seems to imply that the vaccine is causing more Covid-19 cases, by comparing the number of new cases at the start of July 2021, with the same time last year. It correctly states that there were 27,989 new cases reported on 1 July 2021, but incorrectly suggests that there were 63 new daily cases reported on 1 July 2020 in the UK, when there were actually 829. The national Covid-19 vaccine roll-out didn’t start until 8 December. It’s true that, by 1 July 2020, 66% of the total population had received a first dose and 49% had received their second, although that population includes those under 18, who are not routinely advised to have the vaccine. The percentage of adults who had had their first and second vaccines by 1 July 2021 was 86% and 63% respectively. But to suggest then that the vaccines have not slowed transmission, or even increased it, ignores the fact that a lot of other things have changed in the year between these dates. A more transmissible strain of Covid-19 is now dominant, testing is much more prominent now, and restrictions have generally eased across the UK.  The Covid-19 vaccines are highly effective at preventing Covid-19, and at preventing hospitalisations and death following Covid-19 infection, including from the Delta variant. There’s also evidence that they can reduce the risk of you passing Covid-19 to household contacts, if you do happen to get infected.  Getting vaccinated doesn’t guarantee that you won’t get Covid-19, but it does decrease the chance of getting seriously ill and having to hospitalised, and dying of the disease. It certainly isn’t causing more cases, as the Instagram post implies.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CRZ26g9LIIz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_specimen_date,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-55153325,https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2021-07-01&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=People+vaccinated+%28by+dose%29&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=~GBR,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-and-young-people,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations#card-latest_reported_vaccination_uptake,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1000661/8_July_2021_Risk_assessment_for_SARS-CoV-2_variant_DELTA_02.00-1.pdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/testing#card-virus_tests_conducted,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/charts/uk-government-coronavirus-lockdowns,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-vaccine-surveillance-report-published,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines have not caused daily cases to increase,,,,,,
+19,,,,True,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/tfl-self-isolation-pilot/,TfL is part of a pilot whereby staff required to self-isolate can instead take daily Covid-19 tests at work.,2021-07-20,fullfact,,"Transport for London (TfL) has confirmed to Full Fact that it has been participating in a pilot where staff can take daily Covid-19 tests at work instead of self-isolating, after earlier suggesting it was unaware of its formal involvement in the trial. On Sunday, 18 July, it was announced that, as part of this pilot, the Prime Minister and the Chancellor were not required to self-isolate after coming into contact with the health secretary Sajid Javid, who then tested positive for Covid-19. This decision was later reversed and both are now self-isolating.  After accusations that the government had received preferential treatment, ministers including Robert Jenrick and Nadhim Zahawi stressed that the pilot scheme included other participants including TfL, and not just the government. TfL, however, responded suggesting it was not part of the trial and was “waiting for formal notification from [the government] that we are part of this trial.” The head of the RMT trade union said: “For the government to claim there is an agreed scheme or system is totally untrue.” But the Department for Health and Social Care (DHSC) told us that TfL currently have two sites registered as part of the pilot And a TfL spokesperson later confirmed: “We have been part of a limited location-based trial at two sites which allows staff who have been notified by Test & Trace to take a lateral flow test at one of these sites on seven consecutive days and continue working throughout if negative.” The two locations included its own main office in Southwark, as well as King’s Cross station.  DHSC said that the trial has been running since December among organisations in England with workplace testing sites, and that Downing Street joined the trial in May.  TfL confirmed that when it said it was “waiting for formal notification from them that we are part of this trial”, it had been referring to a different trial, whereby employees can take tests at home instead of self-isolating, after being told to do so by NHS Test & Trace.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-57877373,https://news.sky.com/story/pm-and-sunak-not-isolating-despite-being-pinged-after-javids-positive-covid-test-12358198,https://twitter.com/RidgeOnSunday/status/1416735259740225536,https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m000y35m/breakfast-19072021,https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/18/unions-deny-rail-and-tube-staff-in-scheme-to-skip-self-isolation,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",TfL is part of self-isolation pilot scheme,,,,,,
+20,,,,Other,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/,"The average age of Covid-19 deaths is higher than the average life expectancy, which means that people who get Covid live longer.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"In an allegedly leaked WhatsApp message, shared with the BBC by the Prime Minister’s former chief political adviser Dominic Cummings, Boris Johnson appears to say “get Covid and live longer”, alluding to the average age of Covid-19 deaths.  Screenshots of the supposed message from Mr Johnson, shared on Twitter and dated 15 October 2020, read: “I must say I have been slightly rocked by some of the data on Covid fatalities. The median age is 82 - 81 for men 85 for women.  “That is above life expectancy. So get Covid and live longer.”  While Downing Street has denied other claims made by Mr Cummings, they have so far not denied that the message was sent by Mr Johnson. The idea that people who die of Covid have lived longer than average fails to appreciate these are the very people who would have been expected to live much longer. As we have written before, people dying of Covid lose about a decade of life, on average. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) does not regularly publish information on the average age of Covid-19 deaths but, as we have written before, a response to a Freedom of Information (FOI) request published in January 2021 shows that between the week ending 9 October, 2020, and the week ending 1 January, 2021, the median age of deaths involving Covid-19 was 83.  Data published through a different FOI request to the ONS shows that the median age of Covid-19 deaths in England and Wales, up to and including 2 October, 2020, was also 83. According to the most recent statistics from the ONS, the average life expectancy at birth in the UK from 2017 to 2019 was 79.4 years for males and 83.1 years for females.  This would appear to show that the message attributed to Mr Johnson was correct—but it is not how life expectancy works in reality.  Life expectancy is an average, which means it is pulled down by people who die young. It also means that life expectancy increases as you age.  A set of data called the National Life Tables, produced by the ONS, shows how life expectancy adjusts as a person ages.  An 82-year-old man can expect to live for another 7.4 years on average, while an 85-year-old woman can expect to live another 6.87 years on average.  People dying of Covid in their 80s before they otherwise would have died, itself reduces average life expectancy.  The idea that you can ‘get Covid and live longer’ fails to take this into account, and therefore misunderstands the impact of Covid-19 deaths.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-57854811#:~:text=the%20%22median%20age%22%20for%20those%20dying%20was%20between%2081%20and%2082%20for%20men%20and%2085%20for%20women%2C%20the%20prime%20minister%20allegedly%20wrote%2C%20adding%3A%20%22that%20is%20above%20life%20expectancy.%20so%20get%20covid%20and%20live%20longer.,https://twitter.com/faisalislam/status/1417397768931401754,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-57854811#:~:text=downing%20street%20denied%20that%20this%20incident%20took%20place%20and%20buckingham%20palace%20declined%20to%20comment.],https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/#:~:text=people%20dying%20of%20covid%20have%20still%20lost%20about%20a%20decade%20of%20life%2C%20on%20average.,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-cremation-pcr-asymptomatic-transmission/#:~:text=The%20ONS%20does,was%20also%2083,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/averageageofthosewhohaddiedwithcovid19,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/lifeexpectancies/bulletins/nationallifetablesunitedkingdom/2017to2019#:~:text=life%20expectancy%20at%20birth%20in%20the%20uk%20in%202017%20to%202019%20was%2079.4%20years%20for%20males%20and%2083.1%20years%20for%20females,https://www.covid-arg.com/post/get-covid-and-live-longer#:~:text=above-,life%20expectancy%20is%20an,at%20least%2080%20years,-The,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/lifeexpectancies/bulletins/nationallifetablesunitedkingdom/2017to2019#:~:text=national%20life%20tables%3A%20uk%20dataset%20%7C%20released%2024%20september%202020,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Average Covid-19 victim dies years before they otherwise would,,,,,,
+21,,,,Mixture,Grace Rahman,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/,"There have been 1,400 deaths and one million injured from Covid-19 vaccinations in the UK.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The front page of free newspaper ‘The Light’, shared on Facebook, claimed that there have been 1,400 deaths and a million injuries “from covid injections” in the UK. There have been just over 1,470 deaths following a Covid-19 vaccination in the UK, according to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency’s (MHRA) Yellow Card reporting scheme, as of 7 July 2020. These deaths aren’t necessarily caused by the vaccine though. The MHRA says: “Vaccination and surveillance of large populations means that, by chance, some people will experience and report a new illness or events in the days and weeks after vaccination.  “A high proportion of people vaccinated early in the vaccination campaign were very elderly, and/or had pre-existing medical conditions. Older age and chronic underlying illnesses make it more likely that coincidental adverse events will occur, especially given the millions of people vaccinated.” The MHRA has identified a possible link between a type of extremely rare blood clot occurring with low levels of platelets and the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine. There have been 74 fatal cases of this following this vaccination as of 7 July. There have been just over a million suspected reactions reported as of 7 July. Again, these adverse reactions weren’t definitely caused by the vaccination, but were reported afterwards, either by the individual themselves or a healthcare professional. Not all of these were serious “injuries”, as The Light describes them. For example, there were over 14,000 reported suspected side effects of fatigue following the Pfizer vaccine. The main body of The Light’s front page text, which is blurry in the Facebook picture, goes on to say: “More than 1400 deaths have been reported following covid injections in the UK”. This is technically correct but, as said, the fact a death is reported following a vaccination is no proof the vaccine was the cause.","https://thelightpaper.co.uk/assets/pdf/The-Light-11D-Miki-FINAL.pdf,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10158628780561795&set=a.493612736794&type=3,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003414/Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting_07.07.2021_-_Clean.pdf#page=17,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003414/Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting_07.07.2021_-_Clean.pdf#page=17,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003414/Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting_07.07.2021_-_Clean.pdf#page=9,https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/about,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=22,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Free paper repeats falsehoods on deaths following vaccination,,,,,,
+22,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/lord-sumption-covid-errors/,"Only hundreds, not thousands, of people have died of Covid without any other pre-existing condition mentioned on their death certificate.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The former Supreme Court judge Lord Sumption made several mistakes with Covid-19 data when talking about the disease on the Today programme this morning. First of all, he said that the virus had not killed more than 100,000 people, because many of the deaths recorded may have been people who were infected with Covid, but died for other reasons. This is not true. The daily data on the number of people who have died after a positive test does include some people who died for other reasons. However, we also have data from death certificates, which records whether or not Covid itself was the “underlying cause”. This shows that up to 2 July this year, 124,082 people died with Covid as the underlying cause of death in England and Wales alone. Lord Sumption went on to say that the people who died of Covid would soon have died anyway. He said: “At the age which they had reached, they would probably have died within a year after, as even Professor Ferguson has I think admitted.""  [1.19.00] This is not supported by the evidence. The mention of Professor Ferguson seems to be a reference to the government’s former scientific advisor’s comments before the Science and Technology Select Committee on 25 March 2020, when he said that the proportion of people dying of Covid in 2020 who would have died that year anyway “might be as much as half to two thirds of the deaths we are seeing from COVID-19”. In other words, he was talking at a very early stage of the pandemic about what might be seen by the end of the year, not stating a fact, or predicting what the facts would be. Research suggests that people dying of Covid lost far more than a year of life—about a decade on average. We have written about this in detail before.  Lord Sumption also said: ""The number of people who have died who are not in highly vulnerable groups who have died without a sufficiently serious comorbidity to appear on the death certificate is very small. It's a matter of hundreds and not thousands."" [1.19.42] This is not true either. It seems that Lord Sumption is talking about the number of death certificates that mention Covid as the underlying cause but do not mention any pre-existing medical condition. There were 15,883 of these deaths in England and Wales alone, up to the end of March 2021. All of them had Covid as the underlying cause. If you added all the deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland too, the total would be higher.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths#card-deaths_within_28_days_of_positive_test_by_date_of_death,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending2july2021#:~:text=Deaths%20involving%20and%20due%20to%20COVID-19%20and%20influenza%20and%20pneumonia%2C%20England%20and%20Wales%2C%20deaths%20registered%20in%202020%20and%202021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/237/pdf/#page=10,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Lord Sumption made several errors about Covid on Today,,,,,,
+23,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/lord-sumption-covid-errors/,"Only hundreds, not thousands, of people have died of Covid without any other pre-existing condition mentioned on their death certificate.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The former Supreme Court judge Lord Sumption made several mistakes with Covid-19 data when talking about the disease on the Today programme this morning. First of all, he said that the virus had not killed more than 100,000 people, because many of the deaths recorded may have been people who were infected with Covid, but died for other reasons. This is not true. The daily data on the number of people who have died after a positive test does include some people who died for other reasons. However, we also have data from death certificates, which records whether or not Covid itself was the “underlying cause”. This shows that up to 2 July this year, 124,082 people died with Covid as the underlying cause of death in England and Wales alone. Lord Sumption went on to say that the people who died of Covid would soon have died anyway. He said: “At the age which they had reached, they would probably have died within a year after, as even Professor Ferguson has I think admitted.""  [1.19.00] This is not supported by the evidence. The mention of Professor Ferguson seems to be a reference to the government’s former scientific advisor’s comments before the Science and Technology Select Committee on 25 March 2020, when he said that the proportion of people dying of Covid in 2020 who would have died that year anyway “might be as much as half to two thirds of the deaths we are seeing from COVID-19”. In other words, he was talking at a very early stage of the pandemic about what might be seen by the end of the year, not stating a fact, or predicting what the facts would be. Research suggests that people dying of Covid lost far more than a year of life—about a decade on average. We have written about this in detail before.  Lord Sumption also said: ""The number of people who have died who are not in highly vulnerable groups who have died without a sufficiently serious comorbidity to appear on the death certificate is very small. It's a matter of hundreds and not thousands."" [1.19.42] This is not true either. It seems that Lord Sumption is talking about the number of death certificates that mention Covid as the underlying cause but do not mention any pre-existing medical condition. There were 15,883 of these deaths in England and Wales alone, up to the end of March 2021. All of them had Covid as the underlying cause. If you added all the deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland too, the total would be higher.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths#card-deaths_within_28_days_of_positive_test_by_date_of_death,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending2july2021#:~:text=Deaths%20involving%20and%20due%20to%20COVID-19%20and%20influenza%20and%20pneumonia%2C%20England%20and%20Wales%2C%20deaths%20registered%20in%202020%20and%202021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/237/pdf/#page=10,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Lord Sumption made several errors about Covid on Today,,,,,,
+24,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/lord-sumption-covid-errors/,"Only hundreds, not thousands, of people have died of Covid without any other pre-existing condition mentioned on their death certificate.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The former Supreme Court judge Lord Sumption made several mistakes with Covid-19 data when talking about the disease on the Today programme this morning. First of all, he said that the virus had not killed more than 100,000 people, because many of the deaths recorded may have been people who were infected with Covid, but died for other reasons. This is not true. The daily data on the number of people who have died after a positive test does include some people who died for other reasons. However, we also have data from death certificates, which records whether or not Covid itself was the “underlying cause”. This shows that up to 2 July this year, 124,082 people died with Covid as the underlying cause of death in England and Wales alone. Lord Sumption went on to say that the people who died of Covid would soon have died anyway. He said: “At the age which they had reached, they would probably have died within a year after, as even Professor Ferguson has I think admitted.""  [1.19.00] This is not supported by the evidence. The mention of Professor Ferguson seems to be a reference to the government’s former scientific advisor’s comments before the Science and Technology Select Committee on 25 March 2020, when he said that the proportion of people dying of Covid in 2020 who would have died that year anyway “might be as much as half to two thirds of the deaths we are seeing from COVID-19”. In other words, he was talking at a very early stage of the pandemic about what might be seen by the end of the year, not stating a fact, or predicting what the facts would be. Research suggests that people dying of Covid lost far more than a year of life—about a decade on average. We have written about this in detail before.  Lord Sumption also said: ""The number of people who have died who are not in highly vulnerable groups who have died without a sufficiently serious comorbidity to appear on the death certificate is very small. It's a matter of hundreds and not thousands."" [1.19.42] This is not true either. It seems that Lord Sumption is talking about the number of death certificates that mention Covid as the underlying cause but do not mention any pre-existing medical condition. There were 15,883 of these deaths in England and Wales alone, up to the end of March 2021. All of them had Covid as the underlying cause. If you added all the deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland too, the total would be higher.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths#card-deaths_within_28_days_of_positive_test_by_date_of_death,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending2july2021#:~:text=Deaths%20involving%20and%20due%20to%20COVID-19%20and%20influenza%20and%20pneumonia%2C%20England%20and%20Wales%2C%20deaths%20registered%20in%202020%20and%202021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/237/pdf/#page=10,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Lord Sumption made several errors about Covid on Today,,,,,,
+25,,,,False,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/economy/george-freeman-africa-eu-tariffs/,The EU has a 40% tariff on food from Africa.,2021-07-20,fullfact,,"Following the government’s decision to reduce its commitment to spend 0.7% of Gross National Income on foreign aid to 0.5%, Conservative MP George Freeman appeared on Newsnight to talk about the other ways in which the government supported poorer nations. One thing he claimed was that the UK had reduced the EU’s 40% tariff on food imports from Africa. It was something he previously said in Parliament in April. But the EU doesn’t have a 40% tariff on food from Africa.  Tariffs are taxes on imports. They are largely used to protect domestic producers from foreign competition. For example, if a government wanted to protect domestic beef farmers from being undercut by foreign competitors, it might choose to place a tariff on foreign imports of beef. The EU has tariffs on various products, but there isn’t just one flat 40% tariff on food. Tariffs vary by foodstuff. For instance, the average tariff placed on dairy products imported into the EU is 37% while on tea and coffee it’s 6%.  In practice there are many different products within each of these categories which have their own specific tariff.  But what’s more important, is that the EU waives most tariffs on the majority of African countries.  By our count, 43 of 55 African countries face no tariffs whatsoever when exporting to the EU, with the exception of arms. This is because of schemes where the EU unilaterally waives tariffs on the least developed nations worldwide, or bilateral “economic partnership agreements”, where the EU drops its import tariffs, often in exchange for better access to the other signatory country’s market.  Another eight African countries face either reduced or removed tariffs on most exports to the EU, by virtue of schemes the EU has to help low and lower-middle income countries, or free trade agreements.  Goods originating from Western Sahara are subject to the same terms as goods from Morocco which claims the area (a free trade agreement with some tariffs on fish and agri-foods) .   Only three countries in Africa do not have preferential trading terms with the EU: Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and Libya.  Going back to Mr Freeman’s original claim, there may well be a particular foodstuff from the continent which the EU charges an import tariff of 40% on, and which the UK does not. And that may mean that exporters from those 12 countries without complete tariff free access to the EU face lower tariff barriers exporting that product to the UK than the EU. But that’s hardly the same as saying that the EU puts a 40% tariff on food imports from Africa. After publication Mr Freeman acknowledged the statistic was incorrect.","https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-sets-out-conditions-for-returning-to-07-aid-target,https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m000xwmw/newsnight-13072021,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-04-13/debates/9158B8BB-DBAE-4495-86F7-57A3C5B05CD2/Finance(No2)Bill#contribution-27E3A907-13A5-46A1-9875-A89DCF05C156,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/explainers/trade-tariffs#:~:text=What%20are%20tariffs%20and%20why,domestic%20industries%20from%20foreign%20competition.,https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/daily_update_e/tariff_profiles/CE_E.pdf,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/reports/how-many-countries-africa-how-hard-can-question-be,https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17kCrdVtZr8ziSFFA0EeVJ0QGCYNWV7rXgx23Li88R-A/edit?usp=sharing,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/development/generalised-scheme-of-preferences/,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/development/economic-partnerships/index_en.htm,https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2014/october/tradoc_152818.pdf,https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17kCrdVtZr8ziSFFA0EeVJ0QGCYNWV7rXgx23Li88R-A/edit?usp=sharing,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/development/generalised-scheme-of-preferences/index_en.htm,https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2017/november/tradoc_156399.pdf,https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2019.034.01.0004.01.ENG,https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/internationalrelations/2021/05/04/eu-western-sahara/,https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2017/november/tradoc_156399.pdf,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/regions/central-africa/index_en.htm,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/libya/index_en.htm,https://twitter.com/GeorgeFreemanMP/status/1417950084017397760,https://fullfact.org/economy/millionaire-pensioners/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/april-2021-trade-figures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/uk-foreign-aid-g7/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/labours-record-on-unemployment/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",The EU doesn’t have a 40% tariff on African food imports,,,,,,
+26,,,,False,Pippa Allen-Kinross,2021-07-19,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/,Photograph of people filling the streets of Paris was taken during protests against Covid-19 regulations on 17 July 2021.,2021-07-19,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook shared almost 1,000 times shows people lining the streets of Paris. The caption of the post claims this photograph was taken on 17 July 2021, when there were protests in the French capital over Covid-19 rules. However, this photograph actually shows celebrations in the city after France won the World Cup in 2018.  Since this fact check was published, the Facebook post has been updated to show a different image of people protesting against Covid-19 regulations. On 12 July, French president Emmanuel Macron announced new measures against Covid-19, including the introduction of Covid-19 ‘passports’ and that vaccination will become mandatory for all health workers.  The planned new measures have led to large protests in the country. Reuters reported that there were 137 protests across France on 17 July, gathering nearly 114,000 people. Of these protestors, 18,000 were in Paris, according to the French government.  However, this photograph, which appears to show far more than 18,000 people, was not taken during these protests. A reverse image search shows this photograph was used by multiple news outlets reporting on France’s victory in the 2018 World Cup. Posts suggesting the image was taken during the protests on 17 July have also been widely shared on Twitter, including by lockdown sceptic Ivor Cummins.","https://www.facebook.com/red.hat.121398/posts/193482426124960,https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/french-protests-call-freedom-amid-government-vaccine-push-2021-07-17/,https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20210712-follow-live-france-s-macron-addresses-the-nation-as-covid-19-delta-variant-surges,https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/french-protests-call-freedom-amid-government-vaccine-push-2021-07-17/,https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/frankreich-ist-weltmeister-so-schoen-feiert-paris-fotostrecke-162444.html,https://www.lejsl.com/actualite/2018/07/15/apres-la-victoire-les-champs-elysees-pris-d-assaut,https://twitter.com/adsportwereld/status/1018580749186928640,https://twitter.com/MaryMbois/status/1416729576701579265,https://twitter.com/StealthGrooove/status/1416949079301496837,https://twitter.com/avokasianssi/status/1416871116384182280?s=20,https://twitter.com/FatEmperor/status/1416874308249559045?s=20,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Photo doesn’t show Covid protest in Paris,,,,,,
+27,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-07-16,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/,Death rates are lower than previous years which proves Covid-19 hasn’t killed or is killing anyone.,2021-07-16,fullfact,,"A Facebook post shows a meme of actor John Krasinski in TV show The Office sitting next to a white board with edited text which states that death rates are the same level as previous years therefore proving there is “nothing new killing people”. Other text accompanying the image adds “Actually lower”. Firstly, it’s true that death rates are lower than previous years, at least in England and Wales. To measure this we can use the age-standardised mortality rate which is the number of deaths per 100,000 people, adjusted to even out the changing age structure of the country over time. As of May 2021, the rate is at its lowest since records began in 2001. Mortality rates have been broadly declining since 2001. However, the Facebook post seems to be suggesting that lower death rates indicate that Covid-19 is not killing anyone or perhaps that it does not exist. Using the same data we can see the age-standardised mortality rate in May 2020 (near the peak of the pandemic in England) was at its highest level for both men and women since 2007. Looking back further to April 2020, mortality rates were then at their highest since the Office for National Statistics’ mortality records began. While deaths are lower now compared to the same time last year, owed in part to the vaccination programme, people are still dying from Covid-19.  Hundreds of people are also still being infected and hospitalised every day. We’ve fact checked similar claims before.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10225170874115640&set=a.10209627838189456&type=3&theater,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/monthlymortalityanalysisenglandandwales/may2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/monthlymortalityanalysisenglandandwales/may2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/monthlymortalityanalysisenglandandwales/april2021,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/healthcare,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-2020-2003/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",A fall in death rates doesn’t prove Covid-19 isn’t killing anyone,,,,,,
+28,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-07-16,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Allison-Pearson-Covid-stats-hospital/,The number of Covid hospitalisations is 0.5% of the level of cases.,2021-07-16,fullfact,,"Columnist Allison Pearson tweeted on Monday that only 0.5% of patients with Covid-19 have been hospitalised, looking at the recent weekly average of cases and hospitalisations. This is a misleading calculation to make because of the lag between cases and hospitalisations, and, regardless, the calculation has been done incorrectly. It's unclear but it appears Ms Pearson was looking at the data for England. When she tweeted, the seven-day average daily case count was around 26,000 (taken on 4 July). She compares this with the seven-day average of patients admitted to hospital with Covid-19 (which was 444 on 7 July, the latest data when she tweeted). You can’t compare these numbers to calculate the hospitalisation risk of Covid. It takes time for symptoms to develop to the point someone with Covid may need to be hospitalised, meaning, they are likely to be hospitalised later than the date they were first tested. We’re also not sure where the 0.5% proportion figure has come from either, as (although as noted these figures shouldn’t be compared) 433 is 1.67% of 26,000, not 0.5%.","https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases?areaType=nation&areaName=England,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/healthcare?areaType=nation&areaName=England,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html#:~:text=Symptoms%20may%20appear%202%2D14,Fever%20or%20chills,https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.07.18.20156307v1,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Allison Pearson tweets misleading stats about Covid hospital patients,,,,,,
+29,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-16,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/Rife-machines/,"Rife machines can cure over 5,000 diseases including all cancers, infections and more.",2021-07-16,fullfact,,"A post on social media claims that Raymond Rife created a device that could “cure over 5000 diseases including all cancers, infections and more” and asks “why aren’t we using it”? This claim is not proven. Cancer Research UK says that “there is no reliable evidence to use [Rife machines] as a treatment for cancer”. RIFE machines were created in the 1920-30s by the scientist Raymond Rife, and they work by omitting low electromagnetic energy waves. Supporters of the machine say that all medical conditions have an electromagnetic frequency, and by matching the frequency, the RIFE machine can kill or disable affected cells.  RIFE machines are not an established treatment in the UK (or in other countries such as the US), as there is no reliable evidence to say that they work and they have not been through the rigorous testing required for a treatment to be used.  Cancer Research UK says: “Many websites promote the Rife machine as a cure for cancer. But no reputable scientific cancer organisations support any of these claims.” It also says there is no evidence that these machines do not cause harm to people who use them, and warns: “You could harm your health if you stop your cancer treatment for an unproven treatment.” There are some studies which have explored the use of low energy waves as a treatment for cancer, but further research in this area is required.  There are cancer treatments which use high frequency sound waves to kill cancer cells, and these have a good evidence base for their use.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=173655694783084&set=a.125066426308678&type=3&theater,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/rife-machine-and-cancer,https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.3322/canjclin.44.2.115#page=5,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8124604/,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/rife-machine-and-cancer#:~:text=The%20Food%20and%20Drug%20Administration,machines%20against%20making%20unproven%20claims.,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/rife-machine-and-cancer,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3097732/,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/rife-machine-and-cancer,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3261663/,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26762464/,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3845545/#b11,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5119968/,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3188936/,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/other/high-intensity-focused-ultrasound-hifu,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",No evidence Rife machines can cure all cancers,,,,,,
+30,,,,Other,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-16,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/education/evening-standard-missing-school-children-covid/,"100,000 children have not returned to school since the start of the pandemic.",2021-07-16,fullfact,,"An Evening Standard article claims that “almost 100,000 ‘ghost children’ have not returned to school since [the] start of [the] Covid pandemic”.  We have fact checked the use of this figure before. It is based on a report produced by the Centre for Social Justice (CSJ), which states that during September to December 2020, 93,514 pupils in England were severely absent, which means they missed school more often than they attended. This does not include pupils who missed lessons directly due to Covid-19, for example, school bubble closures. As the figure is now quite old, it tells us nothing about attendance during the spring and summer terms so it is not accurate to say that “nearly 100,000 children have failed to return to school full-time since they reopened [our emphasis]”, as stated in the article. The phrasing that these children “have not returned to school” is also problematic. The CSJ found 100,000 children attended less than 50% of available sessions in the autumn term, not that they weren’t present at school at all.  Finally, the idea that these children have failed to “return” is inaccurate, in suggesting that these children (or this many equivalent children) were regularly attending school before the pandemic, which is not the case.  Even before Covid-19, in the autumn term of 2019, 60,244 pupils were classed as severely absent. The number of severely absent children has risen by more than 50% in a year, a significant increase, but it’s important to bear in mind that the factors contributing to the absence of a large number of these children may not be related to, or at least dependent on, Covid-19.","https://www.standard.co.uk/news/education/school-absence-children-covid-pandemic-b945551.html?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1626187865-1,https://fullfact.org/education/school-pupils-return-classroom-covid/,https://www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Cant_Catch_Up_FULL-REPORT.pdf#page=3,https://www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Cant_Catch_Up_FULL-REPORT.pdf#page=7,https://www.standard.co.uk/news/education/school-absence-children-covid-pandemic-b945551.html?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#:~:text=nearly%20100%2C000%20children%20have%20failed%20to%20return%20to%20school%20full-time%20since%20they%20reopened.,https://www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Cant_Catch_Up_FULL-REPORT.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/education/maria-miller-nine-ten-girls-ofsted/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/school-pupils-return-classroom-covid/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/literacy-numeracy-uk-telegraph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/pupil-funding-conservatives/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content","Figure of 100,000 children missing from school is out of date",,,,,,
+31,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/wolf-pack-BBC-frozen-planet/,"A photo of a wolf pack shows how they are separated in formation based on strength, with an alpha wolf that pulls up the rear and controls the whole group.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A Facebook post shows a photo of a wolf pack, with text alongside the photo explaining their formation. It claims that while on the move the pack organises a formation based on strength, with the “alpha” wolf pulling up the rear and controlling the direction of the entire group, while the old and sick wolves set the pace at the front of the group. While the photograph is real (taken from the 2011 documentary Frozen Planet filming in Wood Buffalo National Park, Alberta, Canada), the accompanying description isn’t accurate. As this fact check by Snopes points out, the documentary explains that one “alpha female” leads the pack while other wolves follow to conserve energy. It is not correct that the wolves at the front are old or sick, or that the wolves at the back are the strongest. The post has been in circulation online since at least 2015. The photo is incorrectly attributed to “Cesare Brai” but was actually taken by Chadden Hunter.","https://www.facebook.com/groups/welovewolf/posts/505338357438884/,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/gallery/2011/oct/19/bbc-frozen-planet-in-pictures,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/wolf-pack-photo/,https://twitter.com/chaddenh/status/679623256404398080?lang=en,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Facebook post about wolves makes howling errors,,,,,,
+32,,,,Other,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/fuel-tank-car-heatwave-explode/,Filling up your car in hot weather could cause the fuel tank to explode.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook, shared more than half a million times, warns that filling a fuel tank in hot weather could cause the tank to explode.  “Due to [an] increase in temperature in the coming days, please don’t fill petrol to the maximum limit. It may cause [an] explosion in the fuel tank. Please fill the tank about half and allow space for air.”  This is not true, and has already been debunked a number of times online.  In 2018, a spokesperson for motoring organisation RAC, Rod Dennis, said: “All fuel systems on passenger vehicles are designed to cope with any expansion of fuel, or vapour coming from the fuel. “There is no risk of explosion from filling up a fuel tank fully and drivers should have no concerns in doing so.” In their fact check of a similar post, fact checking service Snopes write: “The temperature at which fuel auto-ignites (i.e. the temperature at which fuel will combust without a trigger or spark) is around 495ºF [257C].  “This level is far higher than any temperature a covered, insulated tank could possibly achieve simply by being driven or parked on planet Earth.”","https://www.facebook.com/highwaypolicepakistan/photos/a.407439279293874/1055122731192189/?type=3&theater,https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/news/motoring-news/no-truth-to-exploding-petrol-tank-reports-rac/,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/full-gas-tank-explosion/,https://inews.co.uk/essentials/lifestyle/cars/car-news/filling-up-heatwave-do-cars-expode-170259,https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/news/motoring-news/no-truth-to-exploding-petrol-tank-reports-rac/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThere%20is%20no,via%20social%20media.%E2%80%9D,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/full-gas-tank-explosion/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Your fuel tank won’t explode if you fill it during a heatwave,,,,,,
+33,,,,Other,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/google-removed-churchill-photograph/,Google has removed Churchill.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A Facebook post shares a picture of Winston Churchill with the text: “As Google have removed him let's share him all over Facebook.” The post was published on 17 June 2020, but it is still being widely shared, with more than 36,000 shares so far. It seems to refer to the disappearance of Churchill’s photograph from Google’s ‘Knowledge Graph’ in late April last year. The Knowledge Graph is the panel of basic information that appears after some searches on Google, and which sometimes creates lists at the top of the page. Photographs of Churchill continued to be available on Google through web and image searches. Google subsequently restored the image on 14 June 2020, and said that it was never deliberately removed. According to the company, the image failed to update as a result of a bug following its decision to use a more recognisable picture. The photograph of Churchill had already been restored by Google when this Facebook post was first published.","https://www.facebook.com/andy.penaluna.1/posts/3321214734569190,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-53050711,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272234504594141184?s=20,https://www.google.com/url?q=https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272234504594141184?s%3D20&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1626361548908000&usg=AOvVaw2QeXhLzT1UfQmjvbK0yvWT,https://www.google.com/search?q=uk+prime+ministers&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB888GB888&ei=wUTwYN3QObKLhbIP7_uG2A4&oq=uk+pr&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMYADIICAAQsQMQkQIyAggAMgQIABADMgIIADIFCAAQyQMyAggAMgIIADIFCAAQsQMyCAgAELEDEIMBMgIIADoKCC4QsQMQQxCTAjoECAAQQzoCCC46BwgAELEDEEM6CggAELEDEIMBEEM6CAguEMcBEK8BOgQILhBDOgUILhCxAzoLCAAQsQMQgwEQyQNKBAhBGABQ5-4mWNbzJmCM_yZoAnACeACAAWqIAeIDkgEDNi4xmAEAoAEBqgEHZ3dzLXdpesABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272077557454655490?s=20,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272112542576328706,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272112542576328706,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272234502421708800?s=20,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272234502421708800?s=20,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Churchill’s photograph has not been removed from Google,,,,,,
+34,,,,Mixture,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/jonathan-tortoise-190-oldest-animal/,"A picture shows the world's oldest living land animal, a tortoise named Jonathan.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A picture of a tortoise, claimed to be the oldest known living land animal in the world, has been shared widely on social media.  It’s true that the oldest known living land animal in the world is a tortoise named Jonathan, at almost 190 years old.  But the picture shared on social media is not of Jonathan, who lives on the island of St Helena in the south Atlantic.  The picture can instead be sourced to Taronga Zoo in Sydney, Australia. A post from 2014 on the zoo’s Instagram page identifies the animal as a male Galapagos Tortoise.  While fact checking the same picture, Check Your Fact contacted the zoo itself. A spokesperson said the tortoise pictured was in its 50s.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10158862630436091&set=a.10150979184681091&type=3&theater,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=283652683330876&set=gm.771326640425104,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2834547610192780&set=a.1403261623321393&type=3&theater,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10225429101704294&set=a.10204941070356315&type=3&theater,https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2019/2/introducing-jonathan-the-worlds-oldest-animal-on-land-561882,https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2019/2/introducing-jonathan-the-worlds-oldest-animal-on-land-561882#:~:text=St%20Helena%20in%20the%20South%20Atlantic%20since%201882,https://www.instagram.com/p/nZpsJNQPk6/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.instagram.com/p/nZpsJNQPk6/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://checkyourfact.com/2021/06/24/fact-check-jonathan-tortoise-oldest-land-animal-alive/?fbclid=IwAR093rMoqhGqfVNEvOwOtI3mgkEGpc0URLASIEn7lxKXYqFA1U2GpG_UhAc,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Viral social media picture doesn’t show world’s oldest living land animal,,,,,,
+35,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/three-president-deaths-refuse-vaccines/,"The presidents of Haiti, Tanzania and Zambia died ‘unexpectedly’, and this is linked to the fact they refused the Covid-19 vaccines for their nations.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A meme shared on Facebook features actor John Krasinski in The Office with a whiteboard with edited text, which says: “3 countries refused the covid vaccine”, followed by: “Now all 3 of their presidents have died unexpectedly”. Beneath the image are the names of the former presidents of Haiti (Jovenel Moïse), Tanzania (John Magufuli) and Zambia (Kenneth Kaunda).  The posts suggest that the death of these three men is linked to a refusal of the Covid-19 vaccines. There is no evidence to support this claim.  Haiti is eligible for provision of Covid-19 vaccines through the Covax programme, but roll out has been slow, with Haiti yet to give any doses to residents, and only receiving its first vaccines this week.   President Moïse did not explicitly refuse all of the Covid-19 vaccines, but the country did initially refuse the AstraZeneca vaccine due to safety concerns.   There have also been administrative and supply difficulties around the arrival of vaccinations to Haiti, and concerns about the logistics of organising the vaccine roll out.  Mr Moïse was fatally shot at home on 7 July 2021. Arrests have been made but there are still many unknown details about the assasination. There is no evidence to suggest that there is a link to the lack of progress made regarding Haiti’s vaccine roll out.  President Magufuli reportedly said that home treatments such as steam inhalation were preferable to “dangerous foreign vaccines”, and in February 2021 the country’s health minister said that Tanzania had no plans to accept Covid-19 vaccines.   Mr Magufuli’s successor,  president Samia Suluhu Hassan announced that the president’s death in March 2021 was due to heart disease. There is no evidence to suggest that the death was related to Mr Magufuli’s stance on the Covid-19 vaccines.  There has been some speculation from Tanzanian opposition leaders, and on social media, that Mr Magufuli’s death may have been caused by Covid-19, however this has been discredited.  President Kaunda died of pneumonia at a military hospital in Lusaka in June 2021, age 97. The president did not refuse the Covid-19 vaccines for Zambia. In fact, in March 2021, the Zambian health minister announced plans to vaccinate all over 18s in the country. Similar claims have been fact checked before.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=274927637691526&set=a.154530876397870&type=3&theater,https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/92-low-middle-income-economies-eligible-access-covid-19-vaccines-gavi-covax-amc,https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/COVAX-Interim-Distribution-Forecast.pdf,https://apnews.com/article/africa-coronavirus-vaccine-coronavirus-pandemic-business-government-and-politics-2d5eab50c1ef8bd63b1a48331f4c3025,https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/coronavirus-wave-takes-haiti-yet-begin-vaccinations-by-surprise-2021-06-09/,https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-08/haiti-is-the-only-country-in-western-hemisphere-without-vaccines,https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/15/world/haiti-covid-vaccine.html,https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/15/world/haiti-covid-vaccine.html,https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-08/haiti-is-the-only-country-in-western-hemisphere-without-vaccines,https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news/2021/7/5/haiti-still-awaiting-first-covid-vaccines-as-cases-surge,https://apnews.com/article/caribbean-haiti-puerto-rico-public-health-health-40bd0544848fd37b28414c37281be86e,https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/covax-aims-deliver-520-mln-vaccine-doses-africa-this-year-2021-07-08/,https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/haitian-president-shot-dead-home-overnight-pm-2021-07-07/,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-57800152,https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-tanzania-idUSKBN29W1Z6,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00362-7/fulltext,https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tanzania-president-idUSKBN2B92R0,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56437852,https://www.reuters.com/article/fact-check-magufuli-covid-idUSL1N2M11DF,https://www.reuters.com/article/fact-check-magufuli-covid-idUSL1N2M11DF,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-57517729,https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-zambia-vaccine-idUSKBN2BH2NS,https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/former-zambian-president-kenneth-kaunda-97-hospitalised-2021-06-14/,https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jul/12/facebook-posts/theres-no-evidence-these-politicians-were-killed-o/?fbclid=IwAR3nn2jIyk-pzxIw5UCQ0h5eFqlKIyRmVzEAY0y4dtiJ5FjVKob9lQY1HCc,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",No evidence three presidents died because they refused vaccines for their nations,,,,,,
+36,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/wolf-retreating-not-protecting-partner-neck/,Female wolf is acting as part of a ‘fighting unit’ and showing trickery and loyalty by protecting her partner’s neck in a fight.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A Facebook post shows a picture of three wolves entitled ‘a fighting unit’. Underneath, a caption says “A she-wolf hides under a male. She doesn’t seem frightened by his opponent, but that’s only because she trusts her partner and believes in his strength. Male wolves never attack a female, and she knows it. Why does she hide then? By doing this, the resourceful female protects her partner’s throat against an attack”.  This narrative is untrue. The image, ‘wolf fight’, was taken by photographer Jean Paul and uploaded to Flickr in 2009. It shows three wolves, two of which appear about to fight. The third wolf is cowering beneath one of the fighting wolves’ heads and is covering its neck. The caption says that the image was taken in Ely, Minnesota. The claim attached to the image on Facebook—that one of the wolves is female, and is using her stance to protect a male wolf's neck—appears to come from a post on Reddit in 2016.  Fact checkers Snopes, previously spoke to wolf expert Cameron Feaster at the International Wolf Center in Ely who said that “little of anything in that photo’s statement is correct.”  Mr Feaster was familiar with the wolves, and said none of the three shown in the image are female. He also said that the crouching wolf was simply submitting and trying to turn back, and collided into another male wolf.  Rather than showing a female wolf protecting the neck of her male partner, the photograph simply shows a collision between two male wolves as one tries to flee.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2639763119652582&set=gm.979222356242137&type=3&theater,https://www.flickr.com/photos/jeanpaulphotos/3409921252,https://www.reddit.com/r/wolves/comments/4esyro/the_female_wolf_appears_to_hide_under_the/,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/wolf-fight-female-throat/,https://wolf.org/wolf-log/feeding-time/,https://wolf.org/visit/hours-fees-programs/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content","Image shows a retreating wolf, not a protector",,,,,,
+37,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/vaers-adverse-event-reports/,"In the USA there have been 387,087 reports of adverse events after the Covid-19 vaccination.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A Facebook post claims that, in the USA there have been 387,087 reports of adverse events “of this evil shot in the arm”, presumably referring to the Covid-19 vaccine, up until 18 June 2021. As we have said before, the fact that an adverse event was reported after a vaccination is no proof that it was caused by the vaccine. Public health authorities do monitor these reports to see if there may be genuine issues associated with vaccination, and this has uncovered issues such as a link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and rare blood clots.    But the US Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) says these ”reports alone cannot be used to determine if a vaccine caused or contributed to an adverse event or illness.” Some of the reports submitted include things we know can be a result of vaccination, such as fatigue and headaches.  The most recent data shows 438,441 reports detailing 1,919,081 adverse events have been submitted to the CDC following a Covid-19 vaccine, up until 2 July 2021. A small number of these reports come from outside the United States.   The USA’s Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) is similar to the UK’s Yellow Card scheme, which we have written about before.","https://www.facebook.com/Dawn.Jesusismylife/posts/1447389282284898,https://fullfact.org/health/VAERS-reporting-america/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://vaers.hhs.gov/data.html,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/coronavirus-vaccination/safety-and-side-effects/,https://wonder.cdc.gov/controller/saved/D8/D185F526,https://wonder.cdc.gov/controller/saved/D8/D185F540,https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/ensuringsafety/monitoring/vaers/index.html,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/,https://fullfact.org/online/MHRA-yellow-card-poster/,https://fullfact.org/online/police-station-video/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Adverse event reports after vaccines are not necessarily due to vaccines,,,,,,
+38,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/stonehenge-not-1950s-fake/,Stonehenge is a modern fake.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A video claiming that Stonehenge is a modern fake has been widely viewed on Facebook. (At least one other post has made similar claims.) Stonehenge isn’t fake, just to be clear. The video appears to come from TikTok. It begins with the caption: “And you thought Stonehenge was real?!” It then shows a series of pictures of the site. The video claims that the first picture shows “Metal framing with poured concrete”. In fact this is a picture of “Stone 60”, which is ancient like the rest, but was reinforced with concrete in 1959.  The other pictures show people working on the site with various pieces of scaffolding and equipment. The video captions say: “These are just props… Created in the 1950s… Then Faked old pictures from the 1800s… To fool the masses… ‘His-story’ is a lie... We are now learning the mainstream narrative of history was completely fabricated!” A post accompanying the video claims something slightly different, saying: “They built the fake Stonehenge in the 1800's”. In fact, these pictures simply show the stones being restored at various times in history. Stonehenge was built in stages, between 5,000 and 4,500 years ago. It wasn’t made in the 1800s, or the 1950s.","https://www.facebook.com/stevenjdbeattie/videos/244340077179183/,https://www.facebook.com/davidewingjr/videos/1596385043886808/,https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/373/,https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/stonehenge/things-to-do/stone-circle/stones-of-stonehenge/,https://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/stonehenge-100-years-of-care/,https://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/stonehenge-early-excavations-restoration/,https://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/excavation-restoration-stonehenge-1950s-60s/,https://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/excavation-restoration-stonehenge-1950s-60s/,https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/stonehenge/history-and-stories/history/description/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Stonehenge wasn’t built in the 1950s,,,,,,
+39,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/this-isnt-a-real-image-of-the-northern-lights-from-space/,An image from NASA shows the Northern Lights from space.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"An image claiming to show the Northern Lights from space has been going viral on Facebook.  The post says the image comes “courtesy of NASA” which is true. But the image is not a real photo from space but a computer generation. As Snopes reported back in 2018, the image is a still image taken from a short video made by NASA to explain the Earth’s magnetic field.  The Northern Lights, also called the aurora borealis, are a natural phenomenon caused when electrically charged particles from the Sun collide with the Earth and are drawn to the magnetic poles, where they become heated and then glow.  While this particular image is not real, NASA has taken many genuine photos of the Northern Lights from space.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=4954700961223273&set=a.288421267851289&type=3,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/northern-lights-seen-space/,https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=20056,https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/what-causes-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-explained,https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/aurora-image-gallery/index.html,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",This isn’t a real image of the Northern Lights from space,,,,,,
+40,,,,False,Tom Norton,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/social-media-food-covid-tests/,"Tomatoes, raspberries, blackberries and lemons produce positive lateral flow test results for Covid-19.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A number of Facebook posts have claimed that tomatoes, raspberries, blackberries and lemons produce positive lateral flow test results for Covid-19. This isn’t true. The photos in both posts show pictures of fruit accompanied by a completed lateral flow test with two lines next to areas marked “C” and “T”. These lines indicate a positive result for Covid-19. Any other result is either negative or invalid. One of the posts shows a lemon with a positive result, which it claims is evidence of the tests producing multiple false positives, while the other shows ‘positive’ results next to a tomato, a raspberry and a blackberry. However, as we’ve established before, foods high in acid break lateral flow tests, causing it to appear like a positive result. The fact that these tests can effectively be broken with fruit does not make them inaccurate or unreliable for use in the general population.  Lateral flow tests are unlikely to give a false positive result if used correctly. We have previously fact checked, among others, claims that kiwi fruit, Coca Cola, ketchup, fruit squash, strawberries, grapes, oranges and diluted cordial have incorrectly produced “positive” results.  Using food and drinks on lateral flow tests has been in the news after reports that pupils are attempting to get time off school by using liquids like lemon juice to create false positive results.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=175025971311811&set=a.108946811253061&type=3,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=4779371318745742&set=a.178099415539645&type=3,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=4779371318745742&set=a.178099415539645&type=3,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=175025971311811&set=a.108946811253061&type=3,https://fullfact.org/online/orange-covid-positive/,https://www.apr.cz/data/uploads/covid-19/cpr_05_diaquick-covid-19-ag-cassette_2020-09-18.pdf,https://en.joysbio.com/covid-19-antigen-rapid-test-kit/,https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Options-use-of-rapid-antigen-tests-for-COVID-19.pdf#page=4,https://fullfact.org/online/kiwi-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/ketchup-squash-fruit/,https://fullfact.org/online/orange-covid-positive/,https://fullfact.org/online/lateral-flow-tests-cordial/,https://inews.co.uk/news/technology/tiktok-fake-covid-positive-test-schools-1079693,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Acidic foods don’t test positive for Covid,,,,,,
+41,,,,False,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/david-attenborough-red-black-ants/,An analogy about red and black ants in a jar and society was made by Sir David Attenborough.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook, shared thousands of times, attributes an analogy about red and black ants in a jar to broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.  “If you collect 100 black ants and 100 fire ants and put them in a glass jar, nothing will happen. But if you take the jar, shake it violently and leave it on the table, the ants will start killing each other. Red believes that black is the enemy, while black believes that red is the enemy, when the real enemy is the person who shook the jar. The same is true in society. Men vs Women. Black vs White. Faith vs Science. Young vs Old. Etc… Before we fight each other, we must ask ourselves: Who shook the jar?”  There is no evidence of Sir David ever having made this analogy. Full Fact can find no credible sources attributing this quote to the naturalist.  We also couldn’t find any record online of an experiment of the nature described in the quote ever having been carried out.  The quote has appeared elsewhere online, including on Facebook, without attribution to Sir David. It was also referenced, and directly attributed to Sir David, in an opinion article about prisons published in the Express and Star, and has been shared hundreds of times on Twitter.  Fact checking service Snopes have also written about this quote, and found no evidence it had originated with Sir David.  This is not the first time we have seen a quote incorrectly sourced to Sir David. Posts like these, where quotes are misattributed to public figures, are relatively common on social media.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=338170754332034&set=a.281579096657867&type=3&theater,https://m.facebook.com/IamSouthAfrican/photos/a.144762078905365/3254961457885396/?type=3&source=48,https://www.expressandstar.com/news/voices/opinions/2021/06/08/star-comment-we-must-look-at-our-prisons/,https://twitter.com/freebabarahmad/status/1397595453470957568?lang=en,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/black-and-red-ants-attenborough/,https://fullfact.org/online/david-attenborough-tree-HS2/,https://fullfact.org/online/no-evidence-boris-johnson-said-he-wanted-to-lop-the-heads-off-of-smelly-peasants/,https://fullfact.org/online/martin-lewis-city-of-london-police/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",No record of Sir David Attenborough talking about red and black ants in a jar,,,,,,
+42,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-14,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/graphene-oxide/,The Pfizer vaccine is 99% graphene oxide.,2021-07-14,fullfact,,"There have been multiple claims made online which say that the Pfizer vaccine contains 99% graphene oxide, a substance which is derived from graphite. The claims originate from a Spanish study and have been circulating in English (across the UK and the US), in Spanish and in Portugese. They are not true. Some of the claims highlight concerns about the toxicity of graphene oxide, while others suggest that graphene oxide may provide an explanation for the ‘magnetism’ that has been commonly claimed to be associated with the Covid-19 vaccines (this is false and we have fact checked this claim previously).  In addition to seeing posts shared on social media, Full Fact has also been asked about these claims by our own readers. Several users on social media have claimed graphene oxide in the vaccine is being used to poison people and create a mass genocide. This is not true, and there is no graphene oxide in the Pfizer vaccine. Graphene oxide is a nanomaterial (a chemical substance or material that is at a very small scale, for example with an external dimension of 1-100nm) which is thought to be of important potential use for biomedicine. There are concerns, however, around toxicity and potential adverse effects. There are modifications which are being explored, and Johns Hopkins infectious disease specialist Dr. Amesh Adalja previously told AP News that there has been research on potentially using graphene oxide in other vaccines, but the amounts would not be toxic to human cells. The concern around the presence of graphene oxide in the Pfizer vaccine seem to be based on a Spanish study which says that on transmission electron microscopy (a microscopy technique which allows particularly fine details and structures to be seen), the solution created from a vial of the Pfizer vaccine takes a very similar form to graphene oxide.  Graphene oxide is not listed as an ingredient of the vaccine, and the Medical and Health product Regulatory Agency (MHRA)  told Full Fact that these claims are “completely incorrect”.  A spokesperson for Pfizer also told Full Fact that “Graphene oxide is not used in the manufacture of the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine”. With regards to the Spanish study, there are a number of problems with the claims that it makes, and the way that these findings have been interpreted by some people on social media.  The claim that the Pfizer vaccine is largely made up of graphene oxide has been fact checked many times before.    Firstly, we have no way of verifying what the scientists actually looked at through electron microscopy. The paper says that the sample of Pfizer vaccine for testing was received by the testing laboratory from a courier and, although the sample was sealed, its provenance and traceability is unknown. The author says in the study limitations that these findings are from “one single sample” of Pfizer vaccine and therefore, “significant sampling of similar vials” is required in order to “draw conclusions that can be generalized”.    When referring to the images which compare electron microscopy of the Pfizer vaccine with images of microscopy of graphene oxide, the study says that they “represent a high similarity” but also says that this does not provide “definitive identification” or “conclusive evidence”.  Importantly, the document says that it is an interim report. It has not been published in a reputable scientific journal, or received peer review.  Thirdly, while the researcher who authors the paper reportedly works at the University of Almeria in Spain—a claim that has been used to add legitimacy when circulated online—the author clearly states that the results and conclusions of the report “do not imply any institutional position of the University of Almeria”.  The university has also publicly distanced itself from the paper on Twitter and in a released statement, saying that it is an “unofficial report by a university professor about an analysis of a sample of unknown origin with total lack of traceability”.  The university said it does not subscribe to this report.","https://roguemale.org/2021/07/07/murder-by-injection-the-vile-vials/?fbclid=IwAR17MwbuL8YLrZ3M_YToUeQVeuIEfHHGcjCq5VRd09tR4VV8x4q21t6CPr4,https://truth11.com/2021/06/30/no-biological-content-in-pfizer-vaccine-spanish-researchers-put-the-pfizer-vaccine-under-an-electron-microscope-and-found-it-contains-99-graphene-oxide-and-hardly-anything-else/,https://www.henrymakow.com/2021/06/no-biological-content-in-pfize.html,https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/graphene-oxide,https://www.docdroid.net/rNgtxyh/microscopia-de-vial-corminaty-dr-campra-firma-e-1-fusionado-pdf#page=16,https://www.globalresearch.ca/actual-contents-inside-pfizer-vials-exposed/5749458,https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20210704/analizamos-bulo-grafeno-vacuna-informe/2119721.shtml,https://observador.pt/factchecks/fact-check-vacinas-contem-grafeno-na-sua-composicao/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-vaccine-magnet/,https://www.instagram.com/p/CQsk4_SNWEO/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.facebook.com/oluwole.adebiyi/videos/vb.1360171672/1111292026061642/?type=2&theater,https://www.instagram.com/reel/CRBnSVVAgPO/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=345722947084202&set=pcb.553492665657573&type=3&theater,https://www.instagram.com/reel/CRBnSVVAgPO/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.facebook.com/oluwole.adebiyi/videos/vb.1360171672/1111292026061642/?type=2&theater,https://www.safenano.org/knowledgebase/resources/faqs/what-is-a-nanomaterial/,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/nanotech/faq/definition_en.htm,https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210520/Could-graphene-oxide-nanosheets-be-an-effective-SARS-CoV-2-antiviral-in-PPE.aspx,https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smll.202101483,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1742706120303305,https://www.pnas.org/content/118/19/e2024998118,https://particleandfibretoxicology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12989-016-0168-y,https://www.pnas.org/content/118/19/e2024998118,https://www.graphene-info.com/graphene-oxide-gives-boost-new-intranasal-flu-vaccine,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-430816913228,https://www.docdroid.net/Ov1M99x/official-interim-report-in-english-university-of-almeria-pdf#page=8,https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/current/postgraduate/regs/mpagswarwick/ex5/techniques/structural/tem/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/summary-of-product-characteristics-for-covid-19-vaccine-pfizerbiontech,https://www.newtral.es/grafeno-vacuna-pfizer-universidad-almeria-bulo/20210702/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/there-is-no-conclusive-evidence-that-the-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-contains-graphene-oxide/,https://maldita.es/malditaciencia/20210709/informe-universidad-almeria-vacuna-covid-19-pfizer-grafeno-oxido/,https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20210704/analizamos-bulo-grafeno-vacuna-informe/2119721.shtml,https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2021/07/10/graphene-oxide-in-pfizer-covid-19-vaccines-here-are-the-latest-unsupported-claims/?sh=2301198974d7,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-430816913228?fbclid=IwAR2PeKAzhQNulH_xFDS5BAac4YGQ4vXw2DRLwBfsSmuG1dx2Yj5EGTFBsZg,https://www.docdroid.net/rNgtxyh/microscopia-de-vial-corminaty-dr-campra-firma-e-1-fusionado-pdf#page=3,https://www.docdroid.net/rNgtxyh/microscopia-de-vial-corminaty-dr-campra-firma-e-1-fusionado-pdf#page=22,https://www.docdroid.net/rNgtxyh/microscopia-de-vial-corminaty-dr-campra-firma-e-1-fusionado-pdf,https://twitter.com/ualmeria/status/1410884237377560579?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1410884237377560579%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es1_c10&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fhealthfeedback.org%2Fclaimreview%2Fthere-is-no-conclusive-evidence-that-the-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-contains-graphene-oxide%2F,https://www.newtral.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/COMUNICADO-DE-LA-UNIVERSIDAD-DE-ALMERI%CC%81A_2-julio-2021_def.pdf?x32658,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",The Pfizer vaccine isn’t 99% graphene oxide,,,,,,
+43,,,,True,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-14,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/education/maria-miller-nine-ten-girls-ofsted/,Nine in 10 school-age girls are being sent explicit images.,2021-07-14,fullfact,,"During Prime Minister’s Questions last week, and on Twitter, the Conservative MP Maria Miller misinterpreted recent Ofsted research on sexual abuse in schools. As we have said before, based on evidence from a variety of sources, it seems very likely that sexual harassment and abuse are a common problem among schoolchildren, and especially among girls. However, the Ofsted survey does not tell us how common the problem is. Ofsted visited 32 schools and colleges, which it specifically said “should not be assumed to be a fully representative sample of all schools and colleges nationally.” During these visits, inspectors asked students to complete a questionnaire, which showed them a list of different types of abusive behaviour and asked: “How often do these things happen between people of your age”. (This is slightly different from the wording that Ofsted originally told us it had used.) Roughly nine out of 10 girls (88%) said that “being sent pictures or videos they did not want to see” happened “a lot” or “sometimes”. However, they were not answering a question about what happened to them. The question was whether people their age are sent pictures or videos that they do not want to see. It’s unclear how students might have interpreted that in their answers so we can’t say that the figure refers to the number of girls, or even students, that this has happened to. Ms Miller’s office told us that her claim was based on Ofsted’s press statement and its review. We subsequently explained why Ofsted’s statement and review did not support Ms Miller’s claim. She has now added a clarification to her original tweet. Ms Miller is by no means the only person who misinterpreted Ofsted’s research. As we said in our original fact check, the i, Mirror, Metro, Times, Telegraph, Mail, BBC and ITV all made the same mistake in their reporting. The day after we published our first fact check, the BBC amended its article and added a clarification. The fact that many people misunderstood Ofsted’s research in the same way suggests that its press statement and review were not easy for others to understand correctly. We contacted Ofsted to ask whether it planned to clarify the press release or reach out to news outlets to correct these mistakes. However, Ofsted denies that its communication was misleading, and has told us that it will not clarify it.","https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/71BD3D91-1486-41C0-904C-3B5836088E4C/TopicalQuestions#contribution-335CAA50-3B51-4DFF-9B53-15AF33D123F9,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/review-of-sexual-abuse-in-schools-and-colleges/review-of-sexual-abuse-in-schools-and-colleges#what-did-we-find-out-about-the-scale-and-nature-of-sexual-abuse-in-schools,https://twitter.com/MariaMillerUK/status/1415238835609477123?s=20,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-57411363,https://fullfact.org/education/evening-standard-missing-school-children-covid/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/school-pupils-return-classroom-covid/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/literacy-numeracy-uk-telegraph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/pupil-funding-conservatives/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Nine in 10 girls did not say they’d been sent explicit images,,,,,,
diff --git a/samples/output_sample_fullfact.csv b/samples/output_sample_fullfact.csv
index df8de7c..a5d1669 100644
--- a/samples/output_sample_fullfact.csv
+++ b/samples/output_sample_fullfact.csv
@@ -1,54 +1,45 @@
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-0,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/,"In the UK on 1 July 2020, no one had been vaccinated against Covid-19 and there were 63 new daily cases.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"A post on Instagram seems to imply that the vaccine is causing more Covid-19 cases, by comparing the number of new cases at the start of July 2021, with the same time last year. It correctly states that there were 27,989 new cases reported on 1 July 2021, but incorrectly suggests that there were 63 new daily cases reported on 1 July 2020 in the UK, when there were actually 829. The national Covid-19 vaccine roll-out didn’t start until 8 December. It’s true that, by 1 July 2020, 66% of the total population had received a first dose and 49% had received their second, although that population includes those under 18, who are not routinely advised to have the vaccine. The percentage of adults who had had their first and second vaccines by 1 July 2021 was 86% and 63% respectively. But to suggest then that the vaccines have not slowed transmission, or even increased it, ignores the fact that a lot of other things have changed in the year between these dates. A more transmissible strain of Covid-19 is now dominant, testing is much more prominent now, and restrictions have generally eased across the UK.  The Covid-19 vaccines are highly effective at preventing Covid-19, and at preventing hospitalisations and death following Covid-19 infection, including from the Delta variant. There’s also evidence that they can reduce the risk of you passing Covid-19 to household contacts, if you do happen to get infected.  Getting vaccinated doesn’t guarantee that you won’t get Covid-19, but it does decrease the chance of getting seriously ill and having to hospitalised, and dying of the disease. It certainly isn’t causing more cases, as the Instagram post implies.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CRZ26g9LIIz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_specimen_date,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-55153325,https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2021-07-01&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=People+vaccinated+%28by+dose%29&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=~GBR,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-and-young-people,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations#card-latest_reported_vaccination_uptake,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1000661/8_July_2021_Risk_assessment_for_SARS-CoV-2_variant_DELTA_02.00-1.pdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/testing#card-virus_tests_conducted,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/charts/uk-government-coronavirus-lockdowns,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-vaccine-surveillance-report-published,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/Allison-Pearson-Covid-stats-hospital/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines have not caused daily cases to increase,,,,,,
-1,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/,"In the UK on 1 July 2020, no one had been vaccinated against Covid-19 and there were 63 new daily cases.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"A post on Instagram seems to imply that the vaccine is causing more Covid-19 cases, by comparing the number of new cases at the start of July 2021, with the same time last year. It correctly states that there were 27,989 new cases reported on 1 July 2021, but incorrectly suggests that there were 63 new daily cases reported on 1 July 2020 in the UK, when there were actually 829. The national Covid-19 vaccine roll-out didn’t start until 8 December. It’s true that, by 1 July 2020, 66% of the total population had received a first dose and 49% had received their second, although that population includes those under 18, who are not routinely advised to have the vaccine. The percentage of adults who had had their first and second vaccines by 1 July 2021 was 86% and 63% respectively. But to suggest then that the vaccines have not slowed transmission, or even increased it, ignores the fact that a lot of other things have changed in the year between these dates. A more transmissible strain of Covid-19 is now dominant, testing is much more prominent now, and restrictions have generally eased across the UK.  The Covid-19 vaccines are highly effective at preventing Covid-19, and at preventing hospitalisations and death following Covid-19 infection, including from the Delta variant. There’s also evidence that they can reduce the risk of you passing Covid-19 to household contacts, if you do happen to get infected.  Getting vaccinated doesn’t guarantee that you won’t get Covid-19, but it does decrease the chance of getting seriously ill and having to hospitalised, and dying of the disease. It certainly isn’t causing more cases, as the Instagram post implies.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CRZ26g9LIIz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_specimen_date,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-55153325,https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2021-07-01&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=People+vaccinated+%28by+dose%29&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=~GBR,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-and-young-people,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations#card-latest_reported_vaccination_uptake,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1000661/8_July_2021_Risk_assessment_for_SARS-CoV-2_variant_DELTA_02.00-1.pdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/testing#card-virus_tests_conducted,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/charts/uk-government-coronavirus-lockdowns,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-vaccine-surveillance-report-published,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/Allison-Pearson-Covid-stats-hospital/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines have not caused daily cases to increase,,,,,,
-2,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/lord-sumption-covid-errors/,People who die of Covid would probably have died within a year.,2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The former Supreme Court judge Lord Sumption made several mistakes with Covid-19 data when talking about the disease on the Today programme this morning. First of all, he said that the virus had not killed more than 100,000 people, because many of the deaths recorded may have been people who were infected with Covid, but died for other reasons. This is not true. The daily data on the number of people who have died after a positive test does include some people who died for other reasons. However, we also have data from death certificates, which records whether or not Covid itself was the “underlying cause”. This shows that up to 2 July this year, 124,082 people died with Covid as the underlying cause of death in England and Wales alone. Lord Sumption went on to say that the people who died of Covid would soon have died anyway. He said: “At the age which they had reached, they would probably have died within a year after, as even Professor Ferguson has I think admitted.""  [1.19.00] This is not supported by the evidence. The mention of Professor Ferguson seems to be a reference to the government’s former scientific advisor’s comments before the Science and Technology Select Committee on 25 March 2020, when he said that the proportion of people dying of Covid in 2020 who would have died that year anyway “might be as much as half to two thirds of the deaths we are seeing from COVID-19”. In other words, he was talking at a very early stage of the pandemic about what might be seen by the end of the year, not stating a fact, or predicting what the facts would be. Research suggests that people dying of Covid lost far more than a year of life—about a decade on average. We have written about this in detail before.  Lord Sumption also said: ""The number of people who have died who are not in highly vulnerable groups who have died without a sufficiently serious comorbidity to appear on the death certificate is very small. It's a matter of hundreds and not thousands."" [1.19.42] This is not true either. It seems that Lord Sumption is talking about the number of death certificates that mention Covid as the underlying cause but do not mention any pre-existing medical condition. There were 15,883 of these deaths in England and Wales alone, up to the end of March 2021. All of them had Covid as the underlying cause. If you added all the deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland too, the total would be higher.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths#card-deaths_within_28_days_of_positive_test_by_date_of_death,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending2july2021#:~:text=Deaths%20involving%20and%20due%20to%20COVID-19%20and%20influenza%20and%20pneumonia%2C%20England%20and%20Wales%2C%20deaths%20registered%20in%202020%20and%202021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/237/pdf/#page=10,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/bbc-children-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/tfl-self-isolation-pilot/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/Rife-machines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Lord Sumption made several errors about Covid on Today,,,,,,
-3,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/lord-sumption-covid-errors/,People who die of Covid would probably have died within a year.,2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The former Supreme Court judge Lord Sumption made several mistakes with Covid-19 data when talking about the disease on the Today programme this morning. First of all, he said that the virus had not killed more than 100,000 people, because many of the deaths recorded may have been people who were infected with Covid, but died for other reasons. This is not true. The daily data on the number of people who have died after a positive test does include some people who died for other reasons. However, we also have data from death certificates, which records whether or not Covid itself was the “underlying cause”. This shows that up to 2 July this year, 124,082 people died with Covid as the underlying cause of death in England and Wales alone. Lord Sumption went on to say that the people who died of Covid would soon have died anyway. He said: “At the age which they had reached, they would probably have died within a year after, as even Professor Ferguson has I think admitted.""  [1.19.00] This is not supported by the evidence. The mention of Professor Ferguson seems to be a reference to the government’s former scientific advisor’s comments before the Science and Technology Select Committee on 25 March 2020, when he said that the proportion of people dying of Covid in 2020 who would have died that year anyway “might be as much as half to two thirds of the deaths we are seeing from COVID-19”. In other words, he was talking at a very early stage of the pandemic about what might be seen by the end of the year, not stating a fact, or predicting what the facts would be. Research suggests that people dying of Covid lost far more than a year of life—about a decade on average. We have written about this in detail before.  Lord Sumption also said: ""The number of people who have died who are not in highly vulnerable groups who have died without a sufficiently serious comorbidity to appear on the death certificate is very small. It's a matter of hundreds and not thousands."" [1.19.42] This is not true either. It seems that Lord Sumption is talking about the number of death certificates that mention Covid as the underlying cause but do not mention any pre-existing medical condition. There were 15,883 of these deaths in England and Wales alone, up to the end of March 2021. All of them had Covid as the underlying cause. If you added all the deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland too, the total would be higher.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths#card-deaths_within_28_days_of_positive_test_by_date_of_death,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending2july2021#:~:text=Deaths%20involving%20and%20due%20to%20COVID-19%20and%20influenza%20and%20pneumonia%2C%20England%20and%20Wales%2C%20deaths%20registered%20in%202020%20and%202021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/237/pdf/#page=10,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/bbc-children-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/tfl-self-isolation-pilot/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/Rife-machines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Lord Sumption made several errors about Covid on Today,,,,,,
-4,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-12,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/orange-county-board-meeting/,There is no reduction in viral transmission with the use of face masks.,2021-07-12,fullfact,,"A video which has been shared on social media shows a woman, who claims to be an attorney, speaking at the Orange County Board of Supervisor meeting on 2 June 2020. The video includes many outdated or untrue claims about the Covid-19 pandemic.  The video claims that “asymptomatic carriers of Covid do not spread disease.” At the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, there was uncertainty about how much transmission of SARS-CoV-2 would occur from people who had asymptomatic infections.  Over the course of 2020 and 2021, however, the role of asymptomatic transmission has become clearer and we now know that people with asymptomatic infection can transmit Covid-19.  We have written more about this previously.  In the video, it is claimed that face masks “do not work to stop the virus”. The role of face masks in preventing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was uncertain at the beginning of the pandemic.  The evidence and guidance around mask use has evolved since to give support to the use of masks in some situations. We have written more about the intricacies of this previously.  The UK government now states that mask wearing can “reduce the spread of coronavirus droplets in certain circumstances, helping to protect others”. This is echoed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) advice that, in addition to other measures, “masks are a key measure to suppress transmission and save lives.” Depending on the type of mask used, their main effect may be in protecting others, while some particular types of masks provide additional protection for the wearer. As England moves into the next stage of easing coronavirus restrictions on 19 July, legal obligations to wear face masks are set to be removed (although people will still be expected to wear them in crowded indoor areas). The legal requirement to wear masks is still currently in place in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The video also claims that face masks “cut the oxygen ‘hypoxically’ low.” Hypoxia is a medical term for low or insufficient oxygen levels in the body. The claim that  face masks can cause hypoxia is not true, and has been fact checked many times before.  The WHO have said that, while facemasks can be uncomfortable, surgical face masks do not lead to oxygen deficiency.  Paul Hunter, Professor in Medicine at the University of East Anglia, conducted a review of the evidence on mask-wearing in April 2020 and previously told Full Fact that ordinary face masks and coverings do not cause low oxygen levels.  There is some evidence that some specific types of respirator masks used in medical settings (N95/FFP2 masks) can alter gas exchange.","https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1174411289694325,https://ocgov.granicus.com/player/clip/3714?view_id=&caption_id=10188788&redirect=true,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/890001/s0005-are-asymptomatic-people-with-2019ncov-infectious-280120-sage4.pdf,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/890148/s0185-clinical-virology-sars-cov-2-170220-sage8.pdf#page=1,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219423/,https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/advice-on-the-use-of-masks-in-the-community-during-home-care-and-in-healthcare-settings-in-the-context-of-the-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)-outbreak,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/928699/S0740_Fifty-sixth_SAGE_meeting_on_Covid-19.pdf#page=4,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,https://post.parliament.uk/covid-19-july-update-on-face-masks-and-face-coverings-for-the-general-public/,https://fullfact.org/health/evidence-shows-masks-do-offer-protection-covid-19/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/face-coverings-when-to-wear-one-and-how-to-make-your-own/face-coverings-when-to-wear-one-and-how-to-make-your-own,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-masks,https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/pm-statement-at-coronavirus-press-conference-5-july-2021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-51205344,https://gov.wales/face-coverings-guidance-public,https://www.gov.scot/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-public-use-of-face-coverings/,https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/coronavirus-covid-19-face-coverings,https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hypoxia,https://patient.info/doctor/respiratory-failure,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/53108405,https://fullfact.org/health/masks-not-harmful/,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-busters#oxygen,https://fullfact.org/online/mask-graphic-wrong/?fbclid=IwAR16q6M879DK9Ve-oZl4fDnyR4OTjz6jjIiCkzkFgb9eCvn9h7abrM1FLSQ,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-busters#oxygen,https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.01.20049528v1.full.pdf,https://fullfact.org/health/masks-not-harmful/,https://fullfact.org/online/mask-graphic-wrong/?fbclid=IwAR16q6M879DK9Ve-oZl4fDnyR4OTjz6jjIiCkzkFgb9eCvn9h7abrM1FLSQ,https://fullfact.org/health/masks-not-harmful/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video shares falsehoods about face masks and asymptomatic spread of Covid-19,,,,,,
-5,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-12,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/orange-county-board-meeting/,There is no reduction in viral transmission with the use of face masks.,2021-07-12,fullfact,,"A video which has been shared on social media shows a woman, who claims to be an attorney, speaking at the Orange County Board of Supervisor meeting on 2 June 2020. The video includes many outdated or untrue claims about the Covid-19 pandemic.  The video claims that “asymptomatic carriers of Covid do not spread disease.” At the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, there was uncertainty about how much transmission of SARS-CoV-2 would occur from people who had asymptomatic infections.  Over the course of 2020 and 2021, however, the role of asymptomatic transmission has become clearer and we now know that people with asymptomatic infection can transmit Covid-19.  We have written more about this previously.  In the video, it is claimed that face masks “do not work to stop the virus”. The role of face masks in preventing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was uncertain at the beginning of the pandemic.  The evidence and guidance around mask use has evolved since to give support to the use of masks in some situations. We have written more about the intricacies of this previously.  The UK government now states that mask wearing can “reduce the spread of coronavirus droplets in certain circumstances, helping to protect others”. This is echoed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) advice that, in addition to other measures, “masks are a key measure to suppress transmission and save lives.” Depending on the type of mask used, their main effect may be in protecting others, while some particular types of masks provide additional protection for the wearer. As England moves into the next stage of easing coronavirus restrictions on 19 July, legal obligations to wear face masks are set to be removed (although people will still be expected to wear them in crowded indoor areas). The legal requirement to wear masks is still currently in place in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The video also claims that face masks “cut the oxygen ‘hypoxically’ low.” Hypoxia is a medical term for low or insufficient oxygen levels in the body. The claim that  face masks can cause hypoxia is not true, and has been fact checked many times before.  The WHO have said that, while facemasks can be uncomfortable, surgical face masks do not lead to oxygen deficiency.  Paul Hunter, Professor in Medicine at the University of East Anglia, conducted a review of the evidence on mask-wearing in April 2020 and previously told Full Fact that ordinary face masks and coverings do not cause low oxygen levels.  There is some evidence that some specific types of respirator masks used in medical settings (N95/FFP2 masks) can alter gas exchange.","https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1174411289694325,https://ocgov.granicus.com/player/clip/3714?view_id=&caption_id=10188788&redirect=true,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/890001/s0005-are-asymptomatic-people-with-2019ncov-infectious-280120-sage4.pdf,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/890148/s0185-clinical-virology-sars-cov-2-170220-sage8.pdf#page=1,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219423/,https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/advice-on-the-use-of-masks-in-the-community-during-home-care-and-in-healthcare-settings-in-the-context-of-the-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)-outbreak,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/928699/S0740_Fifty-sixth_SAGE_meeting_on_Covid-19.pdf#page=4,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,https://post.parliament.uk/covid-19-july-update-on-face-masks-and-face-coverings-for-the-general-public/,https://fullfact.org/health/evidence-shows-masks-do-offer-protection-covid-19/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/face-coverings-when-to-wear-one-and-how-to-make-your-own/face-coverings-when-to-wear-one-and-how-to-make-your-own,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-masks,https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/pm-statement-at-coronavirus-press-conference-5-july-2021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-51205344,https://gov.wales/face-coverings-guidance-public,https://www.gov.scot/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-public-use-of-face-coverings/,https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/coronavirus-covid-19-face-coverings,https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hypoxia,https://patient.info/doctor/respiratory-failure,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/53108405,https://fullfact.org/health/masks-not-harmful/,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-busters#oxygen,https://fullfact.org/online/mask-graphic-wrong/?fbclid=IwAR16q6M879DK9Ve-oZl4fDnyR4OTjz6jjIiCkzkFgb9eCvn9h7abrM1FLSQ,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-busters#oxygen,https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.01.20049528v1.full.pdf,https://fullfact.org/health/masks-not-harmful/,https://fullfact.org/online/mask-graphic-wrong/?fbclid=IwAR16q6M879DK9Ve-oZl4fDnyR4OTjz6jjIiCkzkFgb9eCvn9h7abrM1FLSQ,https://fullfact.org/health/masks-not-harmful/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video shares falsehoods about face masks and asymptomatic spread of Covid-19,,,,,,
-6,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-07-09,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/hancock-video-WHO/,A video shows Matt Hancock saying the WHO told him there is no evidence for asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19.,2021-07-09,fullfact,,"A video shared over 1,500 times on Facebook claims to show a clip of former health secretary Matt Hancock saying he was told by the World Health Organisation that there was no evidence for asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19. A voiceover in the video then claims that therefore this shows there was no need for lockdown, social distancing, masks or vaccines. The video shows a short snippet of Mr Hancock giving evidence to the combined science and technology, and health and social care committees on 10 June 2021. The wider discussion shows he was talking about the situation in 2020, and the video just picks out a small part of this.  Before the clip in the video, Mr Hancock claimed that in January 2020, the consensus based on the behaviour of other coronaviruses, was that people who weren’t displaying symptoms would not transmit the disease. He then went on to describe how the evidence that this wasn’t the case emerged from China, Germany, and later the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US, and Public Health England. The chair (Conservative MP Greg Clark) challenged this and went on to ask him about the minutes of a late January meeting of SAGE (the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies which advises the government) which said: “There is limited evidence of asymptomatic transmission but early indications imply some is occurring.”  The exchange, including the part shown in the video, went as follows: Chair: In the minutes of SAGE it was not recorded that the consensus is that there is no asymptomatic transmission. Quite the opposite. They are saying that early indications imply some is occurring. Matt Hancock: But the World Health Organisation advice and the clinical advice of the most likely situation that I received remained that asymptomatic transmission was unlikely. In fact, the WHO’s position was, “There has been no documented asymptomatic transmission.” As I say, given all of this debate, and this is an absolutely accurate reflection of the debate, I should have stuck to my guns and said that even if it is uncertain, and even if it is relatively small, we should base policy on that. Even though the formal advice I was receiving was that asymptomatic transmission is unlikely and we should not base policy on it, I should have overruled that. So the video does not prove that Matt Hancock or the WHO currently think that asymptomatic transmission doesn’t happen, or give evidence on whether subsequent policies were required.  Later studies on Covid-19 itself, rather than related diseases, suggest that asymptomatic transmission does make a significant contribution to transmission. The video’s voiceover also claims that the vaccines are “on trial” and “experiments ending in 2023”.  The trial completion dates are set in the future to allow for long-term follow-up, but analyses of the data from phase three trials have been published in peer-reviewed studies in medical journals. We’ve written about this claim in more detail before.","https://www.facebook.com/100057866943218/videos/vb.100057866943218/559197612112969/?type=2&theater,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/2318/pdf#page=22,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/2318/pdf#page=21,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/2318/pdf#page=22,https://www.gov.uk/government/groups/scientific-advisory-group-for-emergencies-sage,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/sage-minutes-coronavirus-covid-19-response-28-january-2020/sage-2-minutes-coronavirus-covid-19-response-28-january-2020#current-understanding-of-wn-cov,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/933225/S0824_SARS-CoV-2_Transmission_routes_and_environments.pdf#page=12,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-19-vaccines/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",WHO advice about asymptomatic transmission has changed since the start of the pandemic,,,,,,
-7,,,,False,Grace Rahman,2021-07-07,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/police-station-video/,"Some reports suggest Covid-19 vaccines have caused a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.",2021-07-07,fullfact,,"Many of our readers have asked us to check claims in a video on Facebook of a man filming himself in a police station making a complaint about Covid-19 vaccines. The video is over 30 minutes long, but we have looked at the main claims he makes in it here, which are about Covid-19 vaccines and tests, amongst other things. In the video, the man claims that 1,295 people have died “as a result of the vaccine”. That is how many people had reportedly died shortly after vaccination, up to 2 June, not necessarily because of the vaccine. The Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) says that “The majority of these reports were in elderly people or people with underlying illness.” As the latest version of the MHRA document explains: “The nature of Yellow Card reporting means that reported events are not always proven side effects. Some events may have happened anyway, regardless of vaccination.”   On deaths, it says “Usage of the vaccines has increased rapidly and as such, so has reporting of fatal events with a temporal association with vaccination however, this does not indicate a link between vaccination and the fatalities reported.” It’s also true, as the man says, that there were just over 922,000 suspected reactions reported up to 2 June. In the same way, these reactions weren’t necessarily caused by the vaccine. The video also claims that PCR tests contain ethylene oxide, a dangerous gas. As we have written before, ethylene oxide exposure can be unsafe, but it is commonly used to sterilise medical equipment, including Covid-19 tests, and doesn’t pose any threat in this way. The MHRA recently answered a Freedom of Information request on this, explaining that the amount of residual ethylene oxide on swabs means that lateral flow test kits “are safe to use”. It also said: “In the highly unlikely event that a swab does contain a residual amount above the allowable limit, the risk to the user is still considered to be very low.” The man in the video reads out some quotations, which he attributes to the Canadian researcher Dr Byram Bridle, claiming that the Covid vaccines produce a spike protein that is toxic to humans. This is not true. We have written in detail about this before. So have many other fact checkers.  There is a protein on the surface of the virus that causes Covid-19, called a spike protein. The Covid-19 vaccines work by giving the body instructions on how to make that spike protein, so that if the body encounters it later, the immune system can generate a response that attacks the virus faster and more effectively. There is some evidence that the spike proteins generated by the Moderna vaccine can leave the site of the injection. And the spike proteins on the actual virus itself have been found in the brains of people who died of Covid-19. But this doesn’t mean that the spike proteins generated by the body from the vaccine are harmful. Quoting another doctor talking about the Covid vaccines, the man in the video says: “There are some reports to suggest there is a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.” This claim is misleading, and we’ve checked a similar one before.  Miscarriages have been reported following Covid-19 vaccinations but there’s no evidence to show that vaccines were the cause. The number reported doesn’t appear to exceed the level you would ordinarily expect. As we’ve said, the MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of adverse events following vaccination, but does not prove that vaccination was the cause of any of them. It isn’t necessarily surprising that the number of miscarriages reported after vaccination has increased alongside the number of women of childbearing age being vaccinated. Just by increasing that pool of people, you would expect to see a larger number of pregnancies in that group, and therefore a proportion of miscarriages. Appearing to quote the same doctor, the man also says: “It is also documented that polysorbate 80 is contained within the vaccines and this is known to cause issues in relation to fertility.” The AstraZeneca and Janssen vaccines do contain small amounts of polysorbate 80, which is also in certain flu jabs and is used as a food additive in things like ice cream. Some people may be allergic to it. But it’s a persistent myth that polysorbate 80 is linked to fertility issues. A study linking the chemical to reduced fertility in rats is sometimes cited as evidence, but the relative dose given to rats in the trial was significantly larger than humans would ever get in a vaccine.","https://www.facebook.com/100008184070258/videos/2940863029529804/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#analysis-of-data,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#annex-1-vaccine-analysis-print,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#:~:text=usage%20of%20the%20covid-19%20vaccine%20astrazeneca%20has%20increased%20rapidly%20and%20as%20such%2C%20so%20has%20reporting%20of%20fatal%20events%20with%20a%20temporal%20association%20with%20vaccination%20however,https://fullfact.org/online/lateral-flow-tests-ethylene-oxide/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/freedom-of-information-responses-from-the-mhra-week-commencing-26-april-2021/freedom-of-information-request-on-use-of-ethylene-oxide-to-sterilise-swabs-used-in-testing-for-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/online/conservative-woman-vaccine-scientist-spike-protein/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-377989296609,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/06/08/fact-check-proteins-covid-19-vaccines-arent-dangerous-toxins/7505236002/,https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jun/07/facebook-posts/no-proof-researcher-claim-covid-19-vaccines-spike-/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://fullfact.org/online/Covid-vaccine-miscarriage-false/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-uk-recipients-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#contents-of-the-pack-and-other-information,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen/patient-information-leaflet-for-covid-19-vaccine-janssen#ingredients,https://fullfact.org/health/flu-shot-ingredients/,https://www.food.gov.uk/business-guidance/approved-additives-and-e-numbers,https://modernistpantry.com/products/food-grade-polysorbate-80.html,https://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/covid-19-advice/pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-and-allergies/,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2019/09/22/bmjebm-2019-111222,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/25/6/191,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video of man reporting Covid-19 crimes to police is full of misinformation,,,,,,
-8,,,,False,Grace Rahman,2021-07-07,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/police-station-video/,"Some reports suggest Covid-19 vaccines have caused a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.",2021-07-07,fullfact,,"Many of our readers have asked us to check claims in a video on Facebook of a man filming himself in a police station making a complaint about Covid-19 vaccines. The video is over 30 minutes long, but we have looked at the main claims he makes in it here, which are about Covid-19 vaccines and tests, amongst other things. In the video, the man claims that 1,295 people have died “as a result of the vaccine”. That is how many people had reportedly died shortly after vaccination, up to 2 June, not necessarily because of the vaccine. The Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) says that “The majority of these reports were in elderly people or people with underlying illness.” As the latest version of the MHRA document explains: “The nature of Yellow Card reporting means that reported events are not always proven side effects. Some events may have happened anyway, regardless of vaccination.”   On deaths, it says “Usage of the vaccines has increased rapidly and as such, so has reporting of fatal events with a temporal association with vaccination however, this does not indicate a link between vaccination and the fatalities reported.” It’s also true, as the man says, that there were just over 922,000 suspected reactions reported up to 2 June. In the same way, these reactions weren’t necessarily caused by the vaccine. The video also claims that PCR tests contain ethylene oxide, a dangerous gas. As we have written before, ethylene oxide exposure can be unsafe, but it is commonly used to sterilise medical equipment, including Covid-19 tests, and doesn’t pose any threat in this way. The MHRA recently answered a Freedom of Information request on this, explaining that the amount of residual ethylene oxide on swabs means that lateral flow test kits “are safe to use”. It also said: “In the highly unlikely event that a swab does contain a residual amount above the allowable limit, the risk to the user is still considered to be very low.” The man in the video reads out some quotations, which he attributes to the Canadian researcher Dr Byram Bridle, claiming that the Covid vaccines produce a spike protein that is toxic to humans. This is not true. We have written in detail about this before. So have many other fact checkers.  There is a protein on the surface of the virus that causes Covid-19, called a spike protein. The Covid-19 vaccines work by giving the body instructions on how to make that spike protein, so that if the body encounters it later, the immune system can generate a response that attacks the virus faster and more effectively. There is some evidence that the spike proteins generated by the Moderna vaccine can leave the site of the injection. And the spike proteins on the actual virus itself have been found in the brains of people who died of Covid-19. But this doesn’t mean that the spike proteins generated by the body from the vaccine are harmful. Quoting another doctor talking about the Covid vaccines, the man in the video says: “There are some reports to suggest there is a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.” This claim is misleading, and we’ve checked a similar one before.  Miscarriages have been reported following Covid-19 vaccinations but there’s no evidence to show that vaccines were the cause. The number reported doesn’t appear to exceed the level you would ordinarily expect. As we’ve said, the MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of adverse events following vaccination, but does not prove that vaccination was the cause of any of them. It isn’t necessarily surprising that the number of miscarriages reported after vaccination has increased alongside the number of women of childbearing age being vaccinated. Just by increasing that pool of people, you would expect to see a larger number of pregnancies in that group, and therefore a proportion of miscarriages. Appearing to quote the same doctor, the man also says: “It is also documented that polysorbate 80 is contained within the vaccines and this is known to cause issues in relation to fertility.” The AstraZeneca and Janssen vaccines do contain small amounts of polysorbate 80, which is also in certain flu jabs and is used as a food additive in things like ice cream. Some people may be allergic to it. But it’s a persistent myth that polysorbate 80 is linked to fertility issues. A study linking the chemical to reduced fertility in rats is sometimes cited as evidence, but the relative dose given to rats in the trial was significantly larger than humans would ever get in a vaccine.","https://www.facebook.com/100008184070258/videos/2940863029529804/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#analysis-of-data,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#annex-1-vaccine-analysis-print,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#:~:text=usage%20of%20the%20covid-19%20vaccine%20astrazeneca%20has%20increased%20rapidly%20and%20as%20such%2C%20so%20has%20reporting%20of%20fatal%20events%20with%20a%20temporal%20association%20with%20vaccination%20however,https://fullfact.org/online/lateral-flow-tests-ethylene-oxide/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/freedom-of-information-responses-from-the-mhra-week-commencing-26-april-2021/freedom-of-information-request-on-use-of-ethylene-oxide-to-sterilise-swabs-used-in-testing-for-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/online/conservative-woman-vaccine-scientist-spike-protein/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-377989296609,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/06/08/fact-check-proteins-covid-19-vaccines-arent-dangerous-toxins/7505236002/,https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jun/07/facebook-posts/no-proof-researcher-claim-covid-19-vaccines-spike-/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://fullfact.org/online/Covid-vaccine-miscarriage-false/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-uk-recipients-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#contents-of-the-pack-and-other-information,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen/patient-information-leaflet-for-covid-19-vaccine-janssen#ingredients,https://fullfact.org/health/flu-shot-ingredients/,https://www.food.gov.uk/business-guidance/approved-additives-and-e-numbers,https://modernistpantry.com/products/food-grade-polysorbate-80.html,https://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/covid-19-advice/pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-and-allergies/,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2019/09/22/bmjebm-2019-111222,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/25/6/191,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video of man reporting Covid-19 crimes to police is full of misinformation,,,,,,
-9,,,,False,Grace Rahman,2021-07-07,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/police-station-video/,"Some reports suggest Covid-19 vaccines have caused a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.",2021-07-07,fullfact,,"Many of our readers have asked us to check claims in a video on Facebook of a man filming himself in a police station making a complaint about Covid-19 vaccines. The video is over 30 minutes long, but we have looked at the main claims he makes in it here, which are about Covid-19 vaccines and tests, amongst other things. In the video, the man claims that 1,295 people have died “as a result of the vaccine”. That is how many people had reportedly died shortly after vaccination, up to 2 June, not necessarily because of the vaccine. The Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) says that “The majority of these reports were in elderly people or people with underlying illness.” As the latest version of the MHRA document explains: “The nature of Yellow Card reporting means that reported events are not always proven side effects. Some events may have happened anyway, regardless of vaccination.”   On deaths, it says “Usage of the vaccines has increased rapidly and as such, so has reporting of fatal events with a temporal association with vaccination however, this does not indicate a link between vaccination and the fatalities reported.” It’s also true, as the man says, that there were just over 922,000 suspected reactions reported up to 2 June. In the same way, these reactions weren’t necessarily caused by the vaccine. The video also claims that PCR tests contain ethylene oxide, a dangerous gas. As we have written before, ethylene oxide exposure can be unsafe, but it is commonly used to sterilise medical equipment, including Covid-19 tests, and doesn’t pose any threat in this way. The MHRA recently answered a Freedom of Information request on this, explaining that the amount of residual ethylene oxide on swabs means that lateral flow test kits “are safe to use”. It also said: “In the highly unlikely event that a swab does contain a residual amount above the allowable limit, the risk to the user is still considered to be very low.” The man in the video reads out some quotations, which he attributes to the Canadian researcher Dr Byram Bridle, claiming that the Covid vaccines produce a spike protein that is toxic to humans. This is not true. We have written in detail about this before. So have many other fact checkers.  There is a protein on the surface of the virus that causes Covid-19, called a spike protein. The Covid-19 vaccines work by giving the body instructions on how to make that spike protein, so that if the body encounters it later, the immune system can generate a response that attacks the virus faster and more effectively. There is some evidence that the spike proteins generated by the Moderna vaccine can leave the site of the injection. And the spike proteins on the actual virus itself have been found in the brains of people who died of Covid-19. But this doesn’t mean that the spike proteins generated by the body from the vaccine are harmful. Quoting another doctor talking about the Covid vaccines, the man in the video says: “There are some reports to suggest there is a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.” This claim is misleading, and we’ve checked a similar one before.  Miscarriages have been reported following Covid-19 vaccinations but there’s no evidence to show that vaccines were the cause. The number reported doesn’t appear to exceed the level you would ordinarily expect. As we’ve said, the MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of adverse events following vaccination, but does not prove that vaccination was the cause of any of them. It isn’t necessarily surprising that the number of miscarriages reported after vaccination has increased alongside the number of women of childbearing age being vaccinated. Just by increasing that pool of people, you would expect to see a larger number of pregnancies in that group, and therefore a proportion of miscarriages. Appearing to quote the same doctor, the man also says: “It is also documented that polysorbate 80 is contained within the vaccines and this is known to cause issues in relation to fertility.” The AstraZeneca and Janssen vaccines do contain small amounts of polysorbate 80, which is also in certain flu jabs and is used as a food additive in things like ice cream. Some people may be allergic to it. But it’s a persistent myth that polysorbate 80 is linked to fertility issues. A study linking the chemical to reduced fertility in rats is sometimes cited as evidence, but the relative dose given to rats in the trial was significantly larger than humans would ever get in a vaccine.","https://www.facebook.com/100008184070258/videos/2940863029529804/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#analysis-of-data,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#annex-1-vaccine-analysis-print,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#:~:text=usage%20of%20the%20covid-19%20vaccine%20astrazeneca%20has%20increased%20rapidly%20and%20as%20such%2C%20so%20has%20reporting%20of%20fatal%20events%20with%20a%20temporal%20association%20with%20vaccination%20however,https://fullfact.org/online/lateral-flow-tests-ethylene-oxide/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/freedom-of-information-responses-from-the-mhra-week-commencing-26-april-2021/freedom-of-information-request-on-use-of-ethylene-oxide-to-sterilise-swabs-used-in-testing-for-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/online/conservative-woman-vaccine-scientist-spike-protein/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-377989296609,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/06/08/fact-check-proteins-covid-19-vaccines-arent-dangerous-toxins/7505236002/,https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jun/07/facebook-posts/no-proof-researcher-claim-covid-19-vaccines-spike-/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://fullfact.org/online/Covid-vaccine-miscarriage-false/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-uk-recipients-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#contents-of-the-pack-and-other-information,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen/patient-information-leaflet-for-covid-19-vaccine-janssen#ingredients,https://fullfact.org/health/flu-shot-ingredients/,https://www.food.gov.uk/business-guidance/approved-additives-and-e-numbers,https://modernistpantry.com/products/food-grade-polysorbate-80.html,https://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/covid-19-advice/pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-and-allergies/,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2019/09/22/bmjebm-2019-111222,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/25/6/191,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video of man reporting Covid-19 crimes to police is full of misinformation,,,,,,
-10,,,,False,Grace Rahman,2021-07-07,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/police-station-video/,"Some reports suggest Covid-19 vaccines have caused a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.",2021-07-07,fullfact,,"Many of our readers have asked us to check claims in a video on Facebook of a man filming himself in a police station making a complaint about Covid-19 vaccines. The video is over 30 minutes long, but we have looked at the main claims he makes in it here, which are about Covid-19 vaccines and tests, amongst other things. In the video, the man claims that 1,295 people have died “as a result of the vaccine”. That is how many people had reportedly died shortly after vaccination, up to 2 June, not necessarily because of the vaccine. The Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) says that “The majority of these reports were in elderly people or people with underlying illness.” As the latest version of the MHRA document explains: “The nature of Yellow Card reporting means that reported events are not always proven side effects. Some events may have happened anyway, regardless of vaccination.”   On deaths, it says “Usage of the vaccines has increased rapidly and as such, so has reporting of fatal events with a temporal association with vaccination however, this does not indicate a link between vaccination and the fatalities reported.” It’s also true, as the man says, that there were just over 922,000 suspected reactions reported up to 2 June. In the same way, these reactions weren’t necessarily caused by the vaccine. The video also claims that PCR tests contain ethylene oxide, a dangerous gas. As we have written before, ethylene oxide exposure can be unsafe, but it is commonly used to sterilise medical equipment, including Covid-19 tests, and doesn’t pose any threat in this way. The MHRA recently answered a Freedom of Information request on this, explaining that the amount of residual ethylene oxide on swabs means that lateral flow test kits “are safe to use”. It also said: “In the highly unlikely event that a swab does contain a residual amount above the allowable limit, the risk to the user is still considered to be very low.” The man in the video reads out some quotations, which he attributes to the Canadian researcher Dr Byram Bridle, claiming that the Covid vaccines produce a spike protein that is toxic to humans. This is not true. We have written in detail about this before. So have many other fact checkers.  There is a protein on the surface of the virus that causes Covid-19, called a spike protein. The Covid-19 vaccines work by giving the body instructions on how to make that spike protein, so that if the body encounters it later, the immune system can generate a response that attacks the virus faster and more effectively. There is some evidence that the spike proteins generated by the Moderna vaccine can leave the site of the injection. And the spike proteins on the actual virus itself have been found in the brains of people who died of Covid-19. But this doesn’t mean that the spike proteins generated by the body from the vaccine are harmful. Quoting another doctor talking about the Covid vaccines, the man in the video says: “There are some reports to suggest there is a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.” This claim is misleading, and we’ve checked a similar one before.  Miscarriages have been reported following Covid-19 vaccinations but there’s no evidence to show that vaccines were the cause. The number reported doesn’t appear to exceed the level you would ordinarily expect. As we’ve said, the MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of adverse events following vaccination, but does not prove that vaccination was the cause of any of them. It isn’t necessarily surprising that the number of miscarriages reported after vaccination has increased alongside the number of women of childbearing age being vaccinated. Just by increasing that pool of people, you would expect to see a larger number of pregnancies in that group, and therefore a proportion of miscarriages. Appearing to quote the same doctor, the man also says: “It is also documented that polysorbate 80 is contained within the vaccines and this is known to cause issues in relation to fertility.” The AstraZeneca and Janssen vaccines do contain small amounts of polysorbate 80, which is also in certain flu jabs and is used as a food additive in things like ice cream. Some people may be allergic to it. But it’s a persistent myth that polysorbate 80 is linked to fertility issues. A study linking the chemical to reduced fertility in rats is sometimes cited as evidence, but the relative dose given to rats in the trial was significantly larger than humans would ever get in a vaccine.","https://www.facebook.com/100008184070258/videos/2940863029529804/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#analysis-of-data,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#annex-1-vaccine-analysis-print,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#:~:text=usage%20of%20the%20covid-19%20vaccine%20astrazeneca%20has%20increased%20rapidly%20and%20as%20such%2C%20so%20has%20reporting%20of%20fatal%20events%20with%20a%20temporal%20association%20with%20vaccination%20however,https://fullfact.org/online/lateral-flow-tests-ethylene-oxide/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/freedom-of-information-responses-from-the-mhra-week-commencing-26-april-2021/freedom-of-information-request-on-use-of-ethylene-oxide-to-sterilise-swabs-used-in-testing-for-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/online/conservative-woman-vaccine-scientist-spike-protein/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-377989296609,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/06/08/fact-check-proteins-covid-19-vaccines-arent-dangerous-toxins/7505236002/,https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jun/07/facebook-posts/no-proof-researcher-claim-covid-19-vaccines-spike-/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://fullfact.org/online/Covid-vaccine-miscarriage-false/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-uk-recipients-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#contents-of-the-pack-and-other-information,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen/patient-information-leaflet-for-covid-19-vaccine-janssen#ingredients,https://fullfact.org/health/flu-shot-ingredients/,https://www.food.gov.uk/business-guidance/approved-additives-and-e-numbers,https://modernistpantry.com/products/food-grade-polysorbate-80.html,https://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/covid-19-advice/pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-and-allergies/,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2019/09/22/bmjebm-2019-111222,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/25/6/191,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video of man reporting Covid-19 crimes to police is full of misinformation,,,,,,
-11,,,,False,Grace Rahman,2021-07-07,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/police-station-video/,"Some reports suggest Covid-19 vaccines have caused a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.",2021-07-07,fullfact,,"Many of our readers have asked us to check claims in a video on Facebook of a man filming himself in a police station making a complaint about Covid-19 vaccines. The video is over 30 minutes long, but we have looked at the main claims he makes in it here, which are about Covid-19 vaccines and tests, amongst other things. In the video, the man claims that 1,295 people have died “as a result of the vaccine”. That is how many people had reportedly died shortly after vaccination, up to 2 June, not necessarily because of the vaccine. The Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) says that “The majority of these reports were in elderly people or people with underlying illness.” As the latest version of the MHRA document explains: “The nature of Yellow Card reporting means that reported events are not always proven side effects. Some events may have happened anyway, regardless of vaccination.”   On deaths, it says “Usage of the vaccines has increased rapidly and as such, so has reporting of fatal events with a temporal association with vaccination however, this does not indicate a link between vaccination and the fatalities reported.” It’s also true, as the man says, that there were just over 922,000 suspected reactions reported up to 2 June. In the same way, these reactions weren’t necessarily caused by the vaccine. The video also claims that PCR tests contain ethylene oxide, a dangerous gas. As we have written before, ethylene oxide exposure can be unsafe, but it is commonly used to sterilise medical equipment, including Covid-19 tests, and doesn’t pose any threat in this way. The MHRA recently answered a Freedom of Information request on this, explaining that the amount of residual ethylene oxide on swabs means that lateral flow test kits “are safe to use”. It also said: “In the highly unlikely event that a swab does contain a residual amount above the allowable limit, the risk to the user is still considered to be very low.” The man in the video reads out some quotations, which he attributes to the Canadian researcher Dr Byram Bridle, claiming that the Covid vaccines produce a spike protein that is toxic to humans. This is not true. We have written in detail about this before. So have many other fact checkers.  There is a protein on the surface of the virus that causes Covid-19, called a spike protein. The Covid-19 vaccines work by giving the body instructions on how to make that spike protein, so that if the body encounters it later, the immune system can generate a response that attacks the virus faster and more effectively. There is some evidence that the spike proteins generated by the Moderna vaccine can leave the site of the injection. And the spike proteins on the actual virus itself have been found in the brains of people who died of Covid-19. But this doesn’t mean that the spike proteins generated by the body from the vaccine are harmful. Quoting another doctor talking about the Covid vaccines, the man in the video says: “There are some reports to suggest there is a 2,000% increase in miscarriages.” This claim is misleading, and we’ve checked a similar one before.  Miscarriages have been reported following Covid-19 vaccinations but there’s no evidence to show that vaccines were the cause. The number reported doesn’t appear to exceed the level you would ordinarily expect. As we’ve said, the MHRA Yellow Card scheme collects reports of adverse events following vaccination, but does not prove that vaccination was the cause of any of them. It isn’t necessarily surprising that the number of miscarriages reported after vaccination has increased alongside the number of women of childbearing age being vaccinated. Just by increasing that pool of people, you would expect to see a larger number of pregnancies in that group, and therefore a proportion of miscarriages. Appearing to quote the same doctor, the man also says: “It is also documented that polysorbate 80 is contained within the vaccines and this is known to cause issues in relation to fertility.” The AstraZeneca and Janssen vaccines do contain small amounts of polysorbate 80, which is also in certain flu jabs and is used as a food additive in things like ice cream. Some people may be allergic to it. But it’s a persistent myth that polysorbate 80 is linked to fertility issues. A study linking the chemical to reduced fertility in rats is sometimes cited as evidence, but the relative dose given to rats in the trial was significantly larger than humans would ever get in a vaccine.","https://www.facebook.com/100008184070258/videos/2940863029529804/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#analysis-of-data,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#annex-1-vaccine-analysis-print,https://web.archive.org/web/20210616204557/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#:~:text=usage%20of%20the%20covid-19%20vaccine%20astrazeneca%20has%20increased%20rapidly%20and%20as%20such%2C%20so%20has%20reporting%20of%20fatal%20events%20with%20a%20temporal%20association%20with%20vaccination%20however,https://fullfact.org/online/lateral-flow-tests-ethylene-oxide/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/freedom-of-information-responses-from-the-mhra-week-commencing-26-april-2021/freedom-of-information-request-on-use-of-ethylene-oxide-to-sterilise-swabs-used-in-testing-for-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/online/conservative-woman-vaccine-scientist-spike-protein/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-377989296609,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/06/08/fact-check-proteins-covid-19-vaccines-arent-dangerous-toxins/7505236002/,https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jun/07/facebook-posts/no-proof-researcher-claim-covid-19-vaccines-spike-/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://fullfact.org/online/Covid-vaccine-miscarriage-false/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-uk-recipients-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#contents-of-the-pack-and-other-information,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen/patient-information-leaflet-for-covid-19-vaccine-janssen#ingredients,https://fullfact.org/health/flu-shot-ingredients/,https://www.food.gov.uk/business-guidance/approved-additives-and-e-numbers,https://modernistpantry.com/products/food-grade-polysorbate-80.html,https://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/covid-19-advice/pfizer-covid-19-vaccine-and-allergies/,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2019/09/22/bmjebm-2019-111222,https://ebm.bmj.com/content/25/6/191,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video of man reporting Covid-19 crimes to police is full of misinformation,,,,,,
-12,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-06,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/car-multiclaim-video/,The Covid-19 vaccines are a mass clinical trial and won’t get to phase 3 trials until 2023.,2021-07-06,fullfact,,"A video shared online features a former health worker making a number of false claims about the Covid-19 pandemic, and vaccines.  This is incorrect.  Covid-19 is the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.  As we have written previously, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been isolated in laboratories around the world many times since it was discovered.   Dr Stephen Griffin, a virologist and Associate Professor at Leeds Institute of Medical Research, previously told Full Fact: “SARS-CoV2 has been sampled millions of times over from infected people, including those originally found to be infected in China”.   We have written about the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Yellow Card scheme many times before.  The UK’s Yellow Card scheme collects and monitors safety concerns involving any medicines and medical devices such as suspected or potential side effects. This relies on voluntary reporting from medics and members of the public and aims to provide an early warning that the safety of a medicine or a medical device may require further investigation.  According to  MHRA data up to 26 May 2021, there were around a quarter of a million Yellow Card reports for the Covid-19 vaccines.  Of those, there were 885,980 suspected reactions (because one Yellow Card may report multiple symptoms). These range from sore arms and ‘flu like’ symptoms to some of the more significant suspected reactions. It’s correct that 1,253 deaths had been reported.  But we don’t know that these reactions or deaths were caused by the vaccine, and they certainly aren’t all cases where hospitals or doctors have agreed that it was the vaccine’s fault. As explained by the MHRA “It is very important to note that a Yellow Card report does not necessarily mean the vaccine caused that reaction or event. We ask for any suspicions to be reported, even if the reporter isn’t sure if it was caused by the vaccine. Reports to the scheme are known as suspected adverse reactions (ADRs). “Many suspected ADRs reported on a Yellow Card do not have any relation to the vaccine or medicine and it is often coincidental that they both occurred around the same time. The reports are continually reviewed to detect possible new side effects that may require regulatory action, and to differentiate these from things that would have happened regardless of the vaccine or medicine being administered, for instance due to underlying or undiagnosed illness.” Specifically related to deaths reported to the Yellow Card scheme, the MHRA has said: “Vaccination and surveillance of large populations means that, by chance, some people will experience and report a new illness or events in the days and weeks after vaccination” and that thousands of deaths are expected to have occurred naturally within a few days of the millions of vaccine doses given so far, mostly in the elderly. On 7 April 2021, the MHRA issued a statement advising on a possible link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and a very rare and specific type of blood clot seen in the context of low platelets. As a precaution, because of the balance of risks from Covid-19 for young people, in addition to an individualised assessment of those who are at an increased risk of blood clots, the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation has advised that people under the age of 40 in the UK should be offered an alternative Covid-19 vaccine.  As of 23 June 2021, there have been 298,081 Yellow Cards reported for the Covid-19 vaccines, including just over a million suspected reactions. This included 1,403 deaths.   It’s not quite clear what this claim means. A Google search of 85% in relation to Covid-19 vaccines directs you towards the results of studies into the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccines in people aged over 80. One, for example, is a Public Health England report into the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccines in people over the age of 80. The report says that PHE data shows that two doses of vaccine have an effectiveness against mortality of around 85%. This means that they reduce the risk of dying from Covid-19. It does not mean that people who receive the vaccine only have an 85% chance of survival.  As a quick sense check, if the 85% chance of survival was true, it would mean that 15% of people who received a Covid-19 vaccine died afterwards as a result. Given that up to 6 July 2021, roughly 45 million first doses of Covid-19 vaccine have been administered in the UK, this would result in approximately seven million deaths—which clearly hasn’t happened.     All three of the vaccines currently in use in the UK (Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna) have been authorised for use. A fourth, Janssen has been authorised, but is not yet in use.  Across the UK, the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine has a temporary authorisation (sometimes known as a regulation 174 authorisation) issued by the MHRA.  In Great Britain, the Oxford-AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines have another type of authorisation, called a “conditional marketing authorisation” which has been issued by the MHRA. We have written more about the difference between these types of authorisation before.  The European Medicines Agency has authorised the use of all four of these vaccines, under its own conditional marketing authorisation. It is under these authorisations that the AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines are made available in Northern Ireland.  As we have written previously, the Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines have all had analysis of safety and efficacy data from phase three trials (involving tens of thousands of participants) published in peer-reviewed articles in medical journals such as The Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine. Long-term protection and safety data will continue to be collected over the next couple of years, and so the completion dates for the trials are in 2022 and 2023.  The FDA has also authorised the use of the Pfizer, Moderna and Janssen vaccines.   It’s not clear whether it is being claimed that the vaccines themselves or the act of giving them is in breach of the ethical research principles that were developed in the wake of Nazi attrocities.  Either way, as we’ve written before, medical ethics, healthcare law and social epidemiology experts have told us that the principles of the Nuremberg Code are not applicable to the current vaccine roll-out.","https://www.facebook.com/david.faleymartin/videos/10160548038101980,https://brandnewtube.com/watch/parents-watch-now-ex-nhs-nurse-louise-hampton-speaks-the-truth-amp-facts-please-share_QMn9Nqmmmb7NYp4.html,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-trending-53948820,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://theconversation.com/i-study-viruses-how-our-team-isolated-the-new-coronavirus-to-fight-the-global-pandemic-133675,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7045880/,https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0516_article,https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0516_article,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-side-effects-express/,https://fullfact.org/online/yellow-card-astrazeneca-reactions/,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/health/do-not-resuscitate-video/,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/the-yellow-card-scheme/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210605171951/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/994726/20210616_Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting__v2_-_clean.pdf#page=16,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-advises-on-covid-19-vaccine-for-people-aged-under-40,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989360/PHE_COVID-19_vaccine_effectiveness_report_March_2021_v2.pdf,https://publichealthmatters.blog.gov.uk/2021/02/23/covid-19-analysing-first-vaccine-effectiveness-in-the-uk/,https://www.bmj.com/content/373/bmj.n1088,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989360/PHE_COVID-19_vaccine_effectiveness_report_March_2021_v2.pdf#page=3,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-uk-recipients-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/conditions-of-authorisation-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#history,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/treatments-vaccines/vaccines-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines-authorised#authorised-covid-19-vaccines-section,https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/glossary/conditional-marketing-authorisation,https://www.health-ni.gov.uk/eu-exit-frequently-asked-questions,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines,https://fullfact.org/health/nuremberg-code-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video in a car shares misinformation about Covid-19 vaccines,,,,,,
-13,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-06,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/car-multiclaim-video/,The Covid-19 vaccines are a mass clinical trial and won’t get to phase 3 trials until 2023.,2021-07-06,fullfact,,"A video shared online features a former health worker making a number of false claims about the Covid-19 pandemic, and vaccines.  This is incorrect.  Covid-19 is the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.  As we have written previously, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been isolated in laboratories around the world many times since it was discovered.   Dr Stephen Griffin, a virologist and Associate Professor at Leeds Institute of Medical Research, previously told Full Fact: “SARS-CoV2 has been sampled millions of times over from infected people, including those originally found to be infected in China”.   We have written about the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Yellow Card scheme many times before.  The UK’s Yellow Card scheme collects and monitors safety concerns involving any medicines and medical devices such as suspected or potential side effects. This relies on voluntary reporting from medics and members of the public and aims to provide an early warning that the safety of a medicine or a medical device may require further investigation.  According to  MHRA data up to 26 May 2021, there were around a quarter of a million Yellow Card reports for the Covid-19 vaccines.  Of those, there were 885,980 suspected reactions (because one Yellow Card may report multiple symptoms). These range from sore arms and ‘flu like’ symptoms to some of the more significant suspected reactions. It’s correct that 1,253 deaths had been reported.  But we don’t know that these reactions or deaths were caused by the vaccine, and they certainly aren’t all cases where hospitals or doctors have agreed that it was the vaccine’s fault. As explained by the MHRA “It is very important to note that a Yellow Card report does not necessarily mean the vaccine caused that reaction or event. We ask for any suspicions to be reported, even if the reporter isn’t sure if it was caused by the vaccine. Reports to the scheme are known as suspected adverse reactions (ADRs). “Many suspected ADRs reported on a Yellow Card do not have any relation to the vaccine or medicine and it is often coincidental that they both occurred around the same time. The reports are continually reviewed to detect possible new side effects that may require regulatory action, and to differentiate these from things that would have happened regardless of the vaccine or medicine being administered, for instance due to underlying or undiagnosed illness.” Specifically related to deaths reported to the Yellow Card scheme, the MHRA has said: “Vaccination and surveillance of large populations means that, by chance, some people will experience and report a new illness or events in the days and weeks after vaccination” and that thousands of deaths are expected to have occurred naturally within a few days of the millions of vaccine doses given so far, mostly in the elderly. On 7 April 2021, the MHRA issued a statement advising on a possible link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and a very rare and specific type of blood clot seen in the context of low platelets. As a precaution, because of the balance of risks from Covid-19 for young people, in addition to an individualised assessment of those who are at an increased risk of blood clots, the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation has advised that people under the age of 40 in the UK should be offered an alternative Covid-19 vaccine.  As of 23 June 2021, there have been 298,081 Yellow Cards reported for the Covid-19 vaccines, including just over a million suspected reactions. This included 1,403 deaths.   It’s not quite clear what this claim means. A Google search of 85% in relation to Covid-19 vaccines directs you towards the results of studies into the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccines in people aged over 80. One, for example, is a Public Health England report into the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccines in people over the age of 80. The report says that PHE data shows that two doses of vaccine have an effectiveness against mortality of around 85%. This means that they reduce the risk of dying from Covid-19. It does not mean that people who receive the vaccine only have an 85% chance of survival.  As a quick sense check, if the 85% chance of survival was true, it would mean that 15% of people who received a Covid-19 vaccine died afterwards as a result. Given that up to 6 July 2021, roughly 45 million first doses of Covid-19 vaccine have been administered in the UK, this would result in approximately seven million deaths—which clearly hasn’t happened.     All three of the vaccines currently in use in the UK (Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna) have been authorised for use. A fourth, Janssen has been authorised, but is not yet in use.  Across the UK, the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine has a temporary authorisation (sometimes known as a regulation 174 authorisation) issued by the MHRA.  In Great Britain, the Oxford-AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines have another type of authorisation, called a “conditional marketing authorisation” which has been issued by the MHRA. We have written more about the difference between these types of authorisation before.  The European Medicines Agency has authorised the use of all four of these vaccines, under its own conditional marketing authorisation. It is under these authorisations that the AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines are made available in Northern Ireland.  As we have written previously, the Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines have all had analysis of safety and efficacy data from phase three trials (involving tens of thousands of participants) published in peer-reviewed articles in medical journals such as The Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine. Long-term protection and safety data will continue to be collected over the next couple of years, and so the completion dates for the trials are in 2022 and 2023.  The FDA has also authorised the use of the Pfizer, Moderna and Janssen vaccines.   It’s not clear whether it is being claimed that the vaccines themselves or the act of giving them is in breach of the ethical research principles that were developed in the wake of Nazi attrocities.  Either way, as we’ve written before, medical ethics, healthcare law and social epidemiology experts have told us that the principles of the Nuremberg Code are not applicable to the current vaccine roll-out.","https://www.facebook.com/david.faleymartin/videos/10160548038101980,https://brandnewtube.com/watch/parents-watch-now-ex-nhs-nurse-louise-hampton-speaks-the-truth-amp-facts-please-share_QMn9Nqmmmb7NYp4.html,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-trending-53948820,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://theconversation.com/i-study-viruses-how-our-team-isolated-the-new-coronavirus-to-fight-the-global-pandemic-133675,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7045880/,https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0516_article,https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0516_article,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-side-effects-express/,https://fullfact.org/online/yellow-card-astrazeneca-reactions/,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/health/do-not-resuscitate-video/,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/the-yellow-card-scheme/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210605171951/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/994726/20210616_Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting__v2_-_clean.pdf#page=16,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-advises-on-covid-19-vaccine-for-people-aged-under-40,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989360/PHE_COVID-19_vaccine_effectiveness_report_March_2021_v2.pdf,https://publichealthmatters.blog.gov.uk/2021/02/23/covid-19-analysing-first-vaccine-effectiveness-in-the-uk/,https://www.bmj.com/content/373/bmj.n1088,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989360/PHE_COVID-19_vaccine_effectiveness_report_March_2021_v2.pdf#page=3,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-uk-recipients-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/conditions-of-authorisation-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#history,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/treatments-vaccines/vaccines-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines-authorised#authorised-covid-19-vaccines-section,https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/glossary/conditional-marketing-authorisation,https://www.health-ni.gov.uk/eu-exit-frequently-asked-questions,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines,https://fullfact.org/health/nuremberg-code-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video in a car shares misinformation about Covid-19 vaccines,,,,,,
-14,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-06,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/car-multiclaim-video/,The Covid-19 vaccines are a mass clinical trial and won’t get to phase 3 trials until 2023.,2021-07-06,fullfact,,"A video shared online features a former health worker making a number of false claims about the Covid-19 pandemic, and vaccines.  This is incorrect.  Covid-19 is the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.  As we have written previously, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been isolated in laboratories around the world many times since it was discovered.   Dr Stephen Griffin, a virologist and Associate Professor at Leeds Institute of Medical Research, previously told Full Fact: “SARS-CoV2 has been sampled millions of times over from infected people, including those originally found to be infected in China”.   We have written about the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Yellow Card scheme many times before.  The UK’s Yellow Card scheme collects and monitors safety concerns involving any medicines and medical devices such as suspected or potential side effects. This relies on voluntary reporting from medics and members of the public and aims to provide an early warning that the safety of a medicine or a medical device may require further investigation.  According to  MHRA data up to 26 May 2021, there were around a quarter of a million Yellow Card reports for the Covid-19 vaccines.  Of those, there were 885,980 suspected reactions (because one Yellow Card may report multiple symptoms). These range from sore arms and ‘flu like’ symptoms to some of the more significant suspected reactions. It’s correct that 1,253 deaths had been reported.  But we don’t know that these reactions or deaths were caused by the vaccine, and they certainly aren’t all cases where hospitals or doctors have agreed that it was the vaccine’s fault. As explained by the MHRA “It is very important to note that a Yellow Card report does not necessarily mean the vaccine caused that reaction or event. We ask for any suspicions to be reported, even if the reporter isn’t sure if it was caused by the vaccine. Reports to the scheme are known as suspected adverse reactions (ADRs). “Many suspected ADRs reported on a Yellow Card do not have any relation to the vaccine or medicine and it is often coincidental that they both occurred around the same time. The reports are continually reviewed to detect possible new side effects that may require regulatory action, and to differentiate these from things that would have happened regardless of the vaccine or medicine being administered, for instance due to underlying or undiagnosed illness.” Specifically related to deaths reported to the Yellow Card scheme, the MHRA has said: “Vaccination and surveillance of large populations means that, by chance, some people will experience and report a new illness or events in the days and weeks after vaccination” and that thousands of deaths are expected to have occurred naturally within a few days of the millions of vaccine doses given so far, mostly in the elderly. On 7 April 2021, the MHRA issued a statement advising on a possible link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and a very rare and specific type of blood clot seen in the context of low platelets. As a precaution, because of the balance of risks from Covid-19 for young people, in addition to an individualised assessment of those who are at an increased risk of blood clots, the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation has advised that people under the age of 40 in the UK should be offered an alternative Covid-19 vaccine.  As of 23 June 2021, there have been 298,081 Yellow Cards reported for the Covid-19 vaccines, including just over a million suspected reactions. This included 1,403 deaths.   It’s not quite clear what this claim means. A Google search of 85% in relation to Covid-19 vaccines directs you towards the results of studies into the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccines in people aged over 80. One, for example, is a Public Health England report into the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccines in people over the age of 80. The report says that PHE data shows that two doses of vaccine have an effectiveness against mortality of around 85%. This means that they reduce the risk of dying from Covid-19. It does not mean that people who receive the vaccine only have an 85% chance of survival.  As a quick sense check, if the 85% chance of survival was true, it would mean that 15% of people who received a Covid-19 vaccine died afterwards as a result. Given that up to 6 July 2021, roughly 45 million first doses of Covid-19 vaccine have been administered in the UK, this would result in approximately seven million deaths—which clearly hasn’t happened.     All three of the vaccines currently in use in the UK (Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna) have been authorised for use. A fourth, Janssen has been authorised, but is not yet in use.  Across the UK, the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine has a temporary authorisation (sometimes known as a regulation 174 authorisation) issued by the MHRA.  In Great Britain, the Oxford-AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines have another type of authorisation, called a “conditional marketing authorisation” which has been issued by the MHRA. We have written more about the difference between these types of authorisation before.  The European Medicines Agency has authorised the use of all four of these vaccines, under its own conditional marketing authorisation. It is under these authorisations that the AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines are made available in Northern Ireland.  As we have written previously, the Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines have all had analysis of safety and efficacy data from phase three trials (involving tens of thousands of participants) published in peer-reviewed articles in medical journals such as The Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine. Long-term protection and safety data will continue to be collected over the next couple of years, and so the completion dates for the trials are in 2022 and 2023.  The FDA has also authorised the use of the Pfizer, Moderna and Janssen vaccines.   It’s not clear whether it is being claimed that the vaccines themselves or the act of giving them is in breach of the ethical research principles that were developed in the wake of Nazi attrocities.  Either way, as we’ve written before, medical ethics, healthcare law and social epidemiology experts have told us that the principles of the Nuremberg Code are not applicable to the current vaccine roll-out.","https://www.facebook.com/david.faleymartin/videos/10160548038101980,https://brandnewtube.com/watch/parents-watch-now-ex-nhs-nurse-louise-hampton-speaks-the-truth-amp-facts-please-share_QMn9Nqmmmb7NYp4.html,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-trending-53948820,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://theconversation.com/i-study-viruses-how-our-team-isolated-the-new-coronavirus-to-fight-the-global-pandemic-133675,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7045880/,https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0516_article,https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0516_article,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-side-effects-express/,https://fullfact.org/online/yellow-card-astrazeneca-reactions/,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/health/do-not-resuscitate-video/,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/the-yellow-card-scheme/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210605171951/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/994726/20210616_Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting__v2_-_clean.pdf#page=16,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-advises-on-covid-19-vaccine-for-people-aged-under-40,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989360/PHE_COVID-19_vaccine_effectiveness_report_March_2021_v2.pdf,https://publichealthmatters.blog.gov.uk/2021/02/23/covid-19-analysing-first-vaccine-effectiveness-in-the-uk/,https://www.bmj.com/content/373/bmj.n1088,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989360/PHE_COVID-19_vaccine_effectiveness_report_March_2021_v2.pdf#page=3,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-uk-recipients-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/conditions-of-authorisation-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#history,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/treatments-vaccines/vaccines-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines-authorised#authorised-covid-19-vaccines-section,https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/glossary/conditional-marketing-authorisation,https://www.health-ni.gov.uk/eu-exit-frequently-asked-questions,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines,https://fullfact.org/health/nuremberg-code-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video in a car shares misinformation about Covid-19 vaccines,,,,,,
-15,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-06,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/car-multiclaim-video/,The Covid-19 vaccines are a mass clinical trial and won’t get to phase 3 trials until 2023.,2021-07-06,fullfact,,"A video shared online features a former health worker making a number of false claims about the Covid-19 pandemic, and vaccines.  This is incorrect.  Covid-19 is the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.  As we have written previously, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been isolated in laboratories around the world many times since it was discovered.   Dr Stephen Griffin, a virologist and Associate Professor at Leeds Institute of Medical Research, previously told Full Fact: “SARS-CoV2 has been sampled millions of times over from infected people, including those originally found to be infected in China”.   We have written about the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Yellow Card scheme many times before.  The UK’s Yellow Card scheme collects and monitors safety concerns involving any medicines and medical devices such as suspected or potential side effects. This relies on voluntary reporting from medics and members of the public and aims to provide an early warning that the safety of a medicine or a medical device may require further investigation.  According to  MHRA data up to 26 May 2021, there were around a quarter of a million Yellow Card reports for the Covid-19 vaccines.  Of those, there were 885,980 suspected reactions (because one Yellow Card may report multiple symptoms). These range from sore arms and ‘flu like’ symptoms to some of the more significant suspected reactions. It’s correct that 1,253 deaths had been reported.  But we don’t know that these reactions or deaths were caused by the vaccine, and they certainly aren’t all cases where hospitals or doctors have agreed that it was the vaccine’s fault. As explained by the MHRA “It is very important to note that a Yellow Card report does not necessarily mean the vaccine caused that reaction or event. We ask for any suspicions to be reported, even if the reporter isn’t sure if it was caused by the vaccine. Reports to the scheme are known as suspected adverse reactions (ADRs). “Many suspected ADRs reported on a Yellow Card do not have any relation to the vaccine or medicine and it is often coincidental that they both occurred around the same time. The reports are continually reviewed to detect possible new side effects that may require regulatory action, and to differentiate these from things that would have happened regardless of the vaccine or medicine being administered, for instance due to underlying or undiagnosed illness.” Specifically related to deaths reported to the Yellow Card scheme, the MHRA has said: “Vaccination and surveillance of large populations means that, by chance, some people will experience and report a new illness or events in the days and weeks after vaccination” and that thousands of deaths are expected to have occurred naturally within a few days of the millions of vaccine doses given so far, mostly in the elderly. On 7 April 2021, the MHRA issued a statement advising on a possible link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and a very rare and specific type of blood clot seen in the context of low platelets. As a precaution, because of the balance of risks from Covid-19 for young people, in addition to an individualised assessment of those who are at an increased risk of blood clots, the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation has advised that people under the age of 40 in the UK should be offered an alternative Covid-19 vaccine.  As of 23 June 2021, there have been 298,081 Yellow Cards reported for the Covid-19 vaccines, including just over a million suspected reactions. This included 1,403 deaths.   It’s not quite clear what this claim means. A Google search of 85% in relation to Covid-19 vaccines directs you towards the results of studies into the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccines in people aged over 80. One, for example, is a Public Health England report into the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccines in people over the age of 80. The report says that PHE data shows that two doses of vaccine have an effectiveness against mortality of around 85%. This means that they reduce the risk of dying from Covid-19. It does not mean that people who receive the vaccine only have an 85% chance of survival.  As a quick sense check, if the 85% chance of survival was true, it would mean that 15% of people who received a Covid-19 vaccine died afterwards as a result. Given that up to 6 July 2021, roughly 45 million first doses of Covid-19 vaccine have been administered in the UK, this would result in approximately seven million deaths—which clearly hasn’t happened.     All three of the vaccines currently in use in the UK (Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna) have been authorised for use. A fourth, Janssen has been authorised, but is not yet in use.  Across the UK, the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine has a temporary authorisation (sometimes known as a regulation 174 authorisation) issued by the MHRA.  In Great Britain, the Oxford-AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines have another type of authorisation, called a “conditional marketing authorisation” which has been issued by the MHRA. We have written more about the difference between these types of authorisation before.  The European Medicines Agency has authorised the use of all four of these vaccines, under its own conditional marketing authorisation. It is under these authorisations that the AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines are made available in Northern Ireland.  As we have written previously, the Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines have all had analysis of safety and efficacy data from phase three trials (involving tens of thousands of participants) published in peer-reviewed articles in medical journals such as The Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine. Long-term protection and safety data will continue to be collected over the next couple of years, and so the completion dates for the trials are in 2022 and 2023.  The FDA has also authorised the use of the Pfizer, Moderna and Janssen vaccines.   It’s not clear whether it is being claimed that the vaccines themselves or the act of giving them is in breach of the ethical research principles that were developed in the wake of Nazi attrocities.  Either way, as we’ve written before, medical ethics, healthcare law and social epidemiology experts have told us that the principles of the Nuremberg Code are not applicable to the current vaccine roll-out.","https://www.facebook.com/david.faleymartin/videos/10160548038101980,https://brandnewtube.com/watch/parents-watch-now-ex-nhs-nurse-louise-hampton-speaks-the-truth-amp-facts-please-share_QMn9Nqmmmb7NYp4.html,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-trending-53948820,https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://theconversation.com/i-study-viruses-how-our-team-isolated-the-new-coronavirus-to-fight-the-global-pandemic-133675,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7045880/,https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0516_article,https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0516_article,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-side-effects-express/,https://fullfact.org/online/yellow-card-astrazeneca-reactions/,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/health/do-not-resuscitate-video/,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/the-yellow-card-scheme/,https://web.archive.org/web/20210605171951/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/994726/20210616_Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting__v2_-_clean.pdf#page=16,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-advises-on-covid-19-vaccine-for-people-aged-under-40,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989360/PHE_COVID-19_vaccine_effectiveness_report_March_2021_v2.pdf,https://publichealthmatters.blog.gov.uk/2021/02/23/covid-19-analysing-first-vaccine-effectiveness-in-the-uk/,https://www.bmj.com/content/373/bmj.n1088,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989360/PHE_COVID-19_vaccine_effectiveness_report_March_2021_v2.pdf#page=3,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-uk-recipients-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/conditions-of-authorisation-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#history,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory/overview/public-health-threats/coronavirus-disease-covid-19/treatments-vaccines/vaccines-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines-authorised#authorised-covid-19-vaccines-section,https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/glossary/conditional-marketing-authorisation,https://www.health-ni.gov.uk/eu-exit-frequently-asked-questions,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines,https://fullfact.org/health/nuremberg-code-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Video in a car shares misinformation about Covid-19 vaccines,,,,,,
-16,,,,Other,Pippa Allen-Kinross,2021-07-02,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/lateral-flow-tests-cordial/,"Diluted cordial poured onto a lateral flow test appears to test positive, meaning the tests are a farce.",2021-07-02,fullfact,,"A widely shared post on Facebook claims that lateral flow tests are “a big farce” because pouring some diluted cordial onto one appeared to give a positive Covid-19 result. The poster also claims this means they would falsely test positive after drinking.  As we have written many times before, the acidity in some foods and drinks can break a test and cause a second line to appear, as if the test were positive.  This does not mean that the tests are unreliable when used correctly, and it does not mean that the foods and drinks used to break the test are really positive for Covid-19. Lateral flow tests are unlikely to give a false positive result if used correctly. To avoid the risk of consumed food or drink affecting the result of a lateral flow test, government guidance states: “Do not eat or drink for at least 30 minutes before doing the test to reduce the risk of spoiling the test.” We have previously fact checked similar claims about ketchup, oranges, kiwi fruit and Coca-Cola.  Using food and drinks on lateral flow tests has been in the news after reports that pupils are attempting to get time off school by using liquids like lemon juice to create false positive results.","https://www.facebook.com/gem.turner.90/posts/10165545601115154,https://fullfact.org/online/ketchup-squash-fruit/,https://www.apr.cz/data/uploads/covid-19/cpr_05_diaquick-covid-19-ag-cassette_2020-09-18.pdf,https://en.joysbio.com/covid-19-antigen-rapid-test-kit/,https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Options-use-of-rapid-antigen-tests-for-COVID-19.pdf#page=4,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/957271/COVID-19-self-test-instructions.pdf#page=4,https://fullfact.org/online/ketchup-covid-positive-lateral-flow-test/,https://fullfact.org/online/orange-covid-positive/,https://fullfact.org/online/kiwi-covid/,https://inews.co.uk/news/technology/tiktok-fake-covid-positive-test-schools-1079693,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Pouring diluted cordial onto a Covid-19 test won’t give an accurate result,,,,,,
-17,,,,Other,Pippa Allen-Kinross,2021-07-02,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/,The court found there was no actual bias in the awarding of a contract to Public First.,2021-07-02,fullfact,,"During an appearance on Sky News on 15 June, Minister for the Cabinet Office and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Michael Gove was asked about a recent ruling at the High Court on the government’s decision to award a £560,000 contract to marketing agency Public First during the pandemic. The agency is run by former colleagues of both Mr Gove and Dominic Cummings, the former chief adviser to the Prime Minister.  Mr Gove insisted the High Court did not find “actual bias” in the decision to award the contract, and there was no breach of the ministerial code. We take a look at what the ruling found.  The legal action was taken by The Good Law Project into the decision to award the contract to Public First “for the provision of focus group and communications support services.” It challenged the decision to award the contract on three grounds: that the government didn’t have the basis for awarding the contract without competition, that the award of the contract for a period of six months was disproportionate, and that the decision to award this contract to Public First gave rise to “apparent bias”, as observers would conclude there was bias due to the connections between Mr Cummings, Mr Gove and the directors of Public First. Lawyers for the Cabinet Office disputed the claims and argued that there was no time to run a procurement process due to the pandemic, and the decision to award the contract was based on professional assessment rather than personal connections.  They argued that “in all the circumstances of the case, a fair-minded and informed observer, who had knowledge of the facts, would not conclude that there was a real possibility that the decision maker was biased.” The claimant failed on the first two grounds. However, the judge held that the decision making process which led to the award of the contract did give rise to “apparent bias” and so was unlawful.   The ruling said: “The defendant's failure to consider any other research agency, by reference to experience, expertise, availability or capacity, would lead a fair-minded and informed observer to conclude that there was a real possibility, or a real danger, that the decision-maker was biased."" But it also added: ""The fair-minded and informed observer would have appreciated that there was an urgent need for research through focus groups on effective communications in response to the Covid-19 crisis and that those research services were required immediately."" The ruling also stated that neither Mr Gove nor Mr Cummings “had any involvement in the appointment of Public First” to carry out initial work in February 2020. This work then turned into a six month contract, awarded in June 2020. The ruling does not state whether or not Mr Gove had any involvement with the awarding of this contract. Mr Gove said on Sky News that the court found there was “no actual bias” in its ruling, something which was disputed by The Good Law Project’s director Jolyon Maugham on Twitter. What is important here is that there is more than one kind of bias. ‘Actual bias’ means that the decision-maker was prejudiced in favour or against a particular party (in this case Public First), while ‘apparent bias’ means that a fair minded and informed observer would conclude that there was a real possibility of bias.  In the ruling, it clearly states: “There is no suggestion of actual bias in this case. The allegation is that the circumstances in which the contract was awarded to Public First gave rise to apparent bias.” It also states: “It is emphasised that the court is not concerned with any suggestion of actual bias. But as explained above, the absence of actual bias is not in itself a defence to an allegation of apparent bias.” This means that the court did not find actual bias in this case. Actual bias was never alleged by The Good Law Project or examined by the court. Therefore Mr Gove’s claim that “the court found that there was no actual bias” is wrong. The Ministerial Code is a set of rules and principles which set the standards of conduct for government ministers. It is not legally binding.  The Institute for Government explains that, when a break of the UK Ministerial Code is alleged to have taken place, “whether and how it is investigated is entirely at the prime minister’s discretion.” The Ministerial Code says: “Holders of public office must act and take decisions impartially, fairly and on merit, using the best evidence and without discrimination or bias.” Labour has demanded an investigation into whether Mr Gove breached the code following the ruling. However, the Cabinet Office has said there will be no investigation as Mr Gove was not personally involved in the decision to award the contract.","https://www.judiciary.uk/judgments/good-law-project-v-cabinet-office/,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-57413115,https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Good-Law-Project-v-Cabinet-Office-judgment.pdf#page=4,https://www.judiciary.uk/judgments/good-law-project-v-cabinet-office/,https://twitter.com/JolyonMaugham/status/1404725232246661122?s=20,https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Good-Law-Project-v-Cabinet-Office-judgment.pdf#page=34,https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Good-Law-Project-v-Cabinet-Office-judgment.pdf#page=39,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/explainers/ministerial-code,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/explainers/ministerial-code,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/826920/August-2019-MINISTERIAL-CODE-FINAL-FORMATTED-2.pdf#page=32,https://labour.org.uk/press/labour-demands-investigation-into-ministerial-code-breach-over-unlawful-michael-gove-contract/,https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/09/covid-contract-for-firm-run-by-cummings-friends-was-unlawful-judge-rules,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/matt-hancock-private-email/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Michael Gove right about court ruling over bias in contracts?,,,,,,
-18,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-06-29,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Hart-Newsround-report-misleading/,Children are more likely to produce more harmful spike proteins after they’ve been vaccinated.,2021-06-29,fullfact,,"An online article by science pressure group the Health Advisory and Recovery Team (HART) has claimed a video by children’s TV show Newsround made a number of misleading claims about the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for children.  Since the video was released, Newsround made one correction in an accompanying article on its website stating “the claim that the vaccine is 100% safe has been removed from an online transcript of this article.”  It also included a statement from UK drug regulator the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).  It said: ""We have carefully reviewed clinical trial data in children aged 12 to 15 years and have concluded that the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective in this age group and that the benefits of this vaccine outweigh any risk."" However, a number of other claims HART made are themselves misleading.  HART said this Pfizer trial was “grossly underpowered” to detect relatively rare serious events as only 1,131 children received the vaccine in the trial and claimed that seven of the children in the trial had severe adverse events associated with the vaccine, one of which was life-threatening. It also raised questions over the ability of the trial to demonstrate efficacy, claiming that because the risk of symptomatic Covid-19 in children is so low, you would need to vaccinate more than two million people to detect one death.  It is true that the trial, which had over 6,000 participants, was too small to detect very rare adverse events. Dr Jason Oke, senior statistician at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, told Full Fact “Trials are rarely, if ever, of sufficient size (or powered) to detect differences in rare adverse events and this trial...is no exception.  “So, I would say that [HART’s] statement is not incorrect but I would suggest that this issue is not unique to this study.” While seven serious adverse events were detected among the vaccine trial group, none of the events were recorded as being related to the vaccine.  HART’s assessment of Pfizer’s efficacy data (which found 18 cases of Covid-19 in the unvaccinated group, and none in the vaccinated group) appears to only consider vaccination worthwhile if it prevents death.  While the trial was too small to detect a difference in Covid-19 deaths, that was not its purpose. It set out to measure the impact of efficacy of vaccines in reducing the risk of Covid-19, and found the vaccine worked. As Full Fact and others have reported, the vaccine is not only to reduce the risk of dying from Covid-19 (which we have previously reported is close to one in 100,000 in children who catch the disease) but to reduce non-lethal but harmful symptomatic Covid-19, transmission of the disease, and long Covid. HART also cited an open letter to CEO of the MHRA Dr June Raine as evidence of the vaccines’ harmfulness, claiming it was an “independent preliminary Yellow Card reporting review (which) advises that all COVID-19 vaccination should be halted, pending a full independent safety enquiry.” The “review” argues that 1,253 deaths and 888,196 adverse reactions (ADR) reported via the Yellow Card Scheme were “covid-19 vaccine attributed”.  We’ve said on a number of occasions that reporting of deaths and adverse events following a vaccine does not mean they are connected.  Some adverse events have been investigated and are possibly linked to vaccination. The MHRA has received reports of 389 cases of blood clotting following the AstraZeneca vaccine, of which 68 were fatal. Its advice remains “that the benefits of the vaccine outweigh the risks in the majority of people.”  Under 40s however are being offered an alternative to the AstraZeneca vaccine.  According to the latest statistics, there have been 395 instances of anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reactions in response to the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, 16 instances after the Moderna vaccine and 760 after the AstraZeneca vaccine. Anyone with a history of allergic reactions to the Pfizer vaccine or hypersensitivity to the Moderna vaccine have been told to not receive those vaccines.  Reports of Bell’s Palsy (a type of facial paralysis) have been analysed but “so far is similar to the expected natural rate and does not currently suggest an increased risk following the vaccines.” There have been eight reports of Capillary Leak Syndrome (where fluid leaks from the small blood vessels into the body, which can lead to organ failure and death). While it is an extremely rare condition, whose triggers are not well understood, the MHRA has advised the AstraZeneca vaccine should not be used by anyone with a history of such episodes.  The MHRA also monitored reports of myocarditis and pericarditis (inflammatory heart conditions) following vaccination. It says the reports are “very rare”, “typically mild” and people should attend for vaccination when invited “unless advised otherwise.” A range of menstrual disorders have been reported after the Pfizer/BioNTech, AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines but the number of reports are said to be low in relation to the number of women who have had their vaccine and how common such disorders are generally. Of other adverse events with a fatal outcome following vaccination “review of individual reports and patterns of reporting does not suggest the vaccine played a role in the death.” HART also claimed that children produce more spike proteins generated by the Covid-19 vaccine.  It claimed recent evidence shows these proteins are harmful. We believe this refers to statements made by viral immunologist Byram Bridle who claimed, just as spike proteins from the Covid-19 virus can enter the bloodstream and cause cellular damage, so can spike proteins generated by the Covid-19 vaccine. While we don’t know whether children produce more spike proteins following vaccination we recently fact checked Mr Bridle’s comments. Spike proteins generated by the vaccines work differently to those generated by the Covid-19 virus, and so the assumption that spike proteins generated by the vaccine could also harm cells in the bloodstream is unevidenced..  His theory has also been addressed by a number of other scientists and fact checkers.  HART also noted Newsround hadn’t mentioned some of the Pfizer vaccine's side effects, citing a recent FDA report and an upcoming U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emergency meeting on associated myocarditis (an inflammation of the heart, which can lead to heart failure). The CDC reported earlier this month that more than half of the myocarditis cases reported to the U.S Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System after the second dose of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines were in people aged between 12 and 24.  This has led to the FDA adding a warning to the Pfizer and Modera vaccines.  As noted earlier, the MHRA has received reports of myocarditis following vaccination but say instances are very rare, events were typically mild and individuals should still come forward for their vaccine unless advised not to.","https://www.hartgroup.org/bbc-newsround-vaccine/,https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/57389353,https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/57389353,https://www.nejm.org/doi/suppl/10.1056/NEJMoa2107456/suppl_file/nejmoa2107456_appendix.pdf#page=10,https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210331005503/en/,https://fullfact.org/online/risk-children-death-covid/,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-19-in-children/,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-QA-graphic/,https://news.sky.com/story/covid-19-nhs-to-launch-long-covid-services-for-children-12332812,https://fullfact.org/online/Piers-Corbyn-wrong-covid-vaccine-figures/,https://fullfact.org/health/do-not-resuscitate-video/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-57021738,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.ukcolumn.org/community/forums/topic/dr-byram-bridle-assoc-prof-of-viral-immunology-latest-vaccine-research/,https://fullfact.org/online/conservative-woman-vaccine-scientist-spike-protein/,https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-vaccine-safe-idUSL2N2NX1J6,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-377989296609,https://www.fda.gov/media/150054/download,https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/downloads/agenda-archive/agenda-2021-06-18-508.pdf,https://www.reuters.com/world/us/cdc-heart-inflammation-cases-ages-16-24-higher-than-expected-after-mrna-covid-19-2021-06-10/,https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/953647,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Critical report on BBC Newsround story is misleading,,,,,,
-19,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-06-29,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Hart-Newsround-report-misleading/,Children are more likely to produce more harmful spike proteins after they’ve been vaccinated.,2021-06-29,fullfact,,"An online article by science pressure group the Health Advisory and Recovery Team (HART) has claimed a video by children’s TV show Newsround made a number of misleading claims about the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for children.  Since the video was released, Newsround made one correction in an accompanying article on its website stating “the claim that the vaccine is 100% safe has been removed from an online transcript of this article.”  It also included a statement from UK drug regulator the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).  It said: ""We have carefully reviewed clinical trial data in children aged 12 to 15 years and have concluded that the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective in this age group and that the benefits of this vaccine outweigh any risk."" However, a number of other claims HART made are themselves misleading.  HART said this Pfizer trial was “grossly underpowered” to detect relatively rare serious events as only 1,131 children received the vaccine in the trial and claimed that seven of the children in the trial had severe adverse events associated with the vaccine, one of which was life-threatening. It also raised questions over the ability of the trial to demonstrate efficacy, claiming that because the risk of symptomatic Covid-19 in children is so low, you would need to vaccinate more than two million people to detect one death.  It is true that the trial, which had over 6,000 participants, was too small to detect very rare adverse events. Dr Jason Oke, senior statistician at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, told Full Fact “Trials are rarely, if ever, of sufficient size (or powered) to detect differences in rare adverse events and this trial...is no exception.  “So, I would say that [HART’s] statement is not incorrect but I would suggest that this issue is not unique to this study.” While seven serious adverse events were detected among the vaccine trial group, none of the events were recorded as being related to the vaccine.  HART’s assessment of Pfizer’s efficacy data (which found 18 cases of Covid-19 in the unvaccinated group, and none in the vaccinated group) appears to only consider vaccination worthwhile if it prevents death.  While the trial was too small to detect a difference in Covid-19 deaths, that was not its purpose. It set out to measure the impact of efficacy of vaccines in reducing the risk of Covid-19, and found the vaccine worked. As Full Fact and others have reported, the vaccine is not only to reduce the risk of dying from Covid-19 (which we have previously reported is close to one in 100,000 in children who catch the disease) but to reduce non-lethal but harmful symptomatic Covid-19, transmission of the disease, and long Covid. HART also cited an open letter to CEO of the MHRA Dr June Raine as evidence of the vaccines’ harmfulness, claiming it was an “independent preliminary Yellow Card reporting review (which) advises that all COVID-19 vaccination should be halted, pending a full independent safety enquiry.” The “review” argues that 1,253 deaths and 888,196 adverse reactions (ADR) reported via the Yellow Card Scheme were “covid-19 vaccine attributed”.  We’ve said on a number of occasions that reporting of deaths and adverse events following a vaccine does not mean they are connected.  Some adverse events have been investigated and are possibly linked to vaccination. The MHRA has received reports of 389 cases of blood clotting following the AstraZeneca vaccine, of which 68 were fatal. Its advice remains “that the benefits of the vaccine outweigh the risks in the majority of people.”  Under 40s however are being offered an alternative to the AstraZeneca vaccine.  According to the latest statistics, there have been 395 instances of anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reactions in response to the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, 16 instances after the Moderna vaccine and 760 after the AstraZeneca vaccine. Anyone with a history of allergic reactions to the Pfizer vaccine or hypersensitivity to the Moderna vaccine have been told to not receive those vaccines.  Reports of Bell’s Palsy (a type of facial paralysis) have been analysed but “so far is similar to the expected natural rate and does not currently suggest an increased risk following the vaccines.” There have been eight reports of Capillary Leak Syndrome (where fluid leaks from the small blood vessels into the body, which can lead to organ failure and death). While it is an extremely rare condition, whose triggers are not well understood, the MHRA has advised the AstraZeneca vaccine should not be used by anyone with a history of such episodes.  The MHRA also monitored reports of myocarditis and pericarditis (inflammatory heart conditions) following vaccination. It says the reports are “very rare”, “typically mild” and people should attend for vaccination when invited “unless advised otherwise.” A range of menstrual disorders have been reported after the Pfizer/BioNTech, AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines but the number of reports are said to be low in relation to the number of women who have had their vaccine and how common such disorders are generally. Of other adverse events with a fatal outcome following vaccination “review of individual reports and patterns of reporting does not suggest the vaccine played a role in the death.” HART also claimed that children produce more spike proteins generated by the Covid-19 vaccine.  It claimed recent evidence shows these proteins are harmful. We believe this refers to statements made by viral immunologist Byram Bridle who claimed, just as spike proteins from the Covid-19 virus can enter the bloodstream and cause cellular damage, so can spike proteins generated by the Covid-19 vaccine. While we don’t know whether children produce more spike proteins following vaccination we recently fact checked Mr Bridle’s comments. Spike proteins generated by the vaccines work differently to those generated by the Covid-19 virus, and so the assumption that spike proteins generated by the vaccine could also harm cells in the bloodstream is unevidenced..  His theory has also been addressed by a number of other scientists and fact checkers.  HART also noted Newsround hadn’t mentioned some of the Pfizer vaccine's side effects, citing a recent FDA report and an upcoming U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emergency meeting on associated myocarditis (an inflammation of the heart, which can lead to heart failure). The CDC reported earlier this month that more than half of the myocarditis cases reported to the U.S Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System after the second dose of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines were in people aged between 12 and 24.  This has led to the FDA adding a warning to the Pfizer and Modera vaccines.  As noted earlier, the MHRA has received reports of myocarditis following vaccination but say instances are very rare, events were typically mild and individuals should still come forward for their vaccine unless advised not to.","https://www.hartgroup.org/bbc-newsround-vaccine/,https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/57389353,https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/57389353,https://www.nejm.org/doi/suppl/10.1056/NEJMoa2107456/suppl_file/nejmoa2107456_appendix.pdf#page=10,https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210331005503/en/,https://fullfact.org/online/risk-children-death-covid/,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-19-in-children/,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-QA-graphic/,https://news.sky.com/story/covid-19-nhs-to-launch-long-covid-services-for-children-12332812,https://fullfact.org/online/Piers-Corbyn-wrong-covid-vaccine-figures/,https://fullfact.org/health/do-not-resuscitate-video/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-57021738,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.ukcolumn.org/community/forums/topic/dr-byram-bridle-assoc-prof-of-viral-immunology-latest-vaccine-research/,https://fullfact.org/online/conservative-woman-vaccine-scientist-spike-protein/,https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-vaccine-safe-idUSL2N2NX1J6,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-377989296609,https://www.fda.gov/media/150054/download,https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/downloads/agenda-archive/agenda-2021-06-18-508.pdf,https://www.reuters.com/world/us/cdc-heart-inflammation-cases-ages-16-24-higher-than-expected-after-mrna-covid-19-2021-06-10/,https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/953647,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Critical report on BBC Newsround story is misleading,,,,,,
-20,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-06-29,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Hart-Newsround-report-misleading/,Children are more likely to produce more harmful spike proteins after they’ve been vaccinated.,2021-06-29,fullfact,,"An online article by science pressure group the Health Advisory and Recovery Team (HART) has claimed a video by children’s TV show Newsround made a number of misleading claims about the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for children.  Since the video was released, Newsround made one correction in an accompanying article on its website stating “the claim that the vaccine is 100% safe has been removed from an online transcript of this article.”  It also included a statement from UK drug regulator the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).  It said: ""We have carefully reviewed clinical trial data in children aged 12 to 15 years and have concluded that the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective in this age group and that the benefits of this vaccine outweigh any risk."" However, a number of other claims HART made are themselves misleading.  HART said this Pfizer trial was “grossly underpowered” to detect relatively rare serious events as only 1,131 children received the vaccine in the trial and claimed that seven of the children in the trial had severe adverse events associated with the vaccine, one of which was life-threatening. It also raised questions over the ability of the trial to demonstrate efficacy, claiming that because the risk of symptomatic Covid-19 in children is so low, you would need to vaccinate more than two million people to detect one death.  It is true that the trial, which had over 6,000 participants, was too small to detect very rare adverse events. Dr Jason Oke, senior statistician at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, told Full Fact “Trials are rarely, if ever, of sufficient size (or powered) to detect differences in rare adverse events and this trial...is no exception.  “So, I would say that [HART’s] statement is not incorrect but I would suggest that this issue is not unique to this study.” While seven serious adverse events were detected among the vaccine trial group, none of the events were recorded as being related to the vaccine.  HART’s assessment of Pfizer’s efficacy data (which found 18 cases of Covid-19 in the unvaccinated group, and none in the vaccinated group) appears to only consider vaccination worthwhile if it prevents death.  While the trial was too small to detect a difference in Covid-19 deaths, that was not its purpose. It set out to measure the impact of efficacy of vaccines in reducing the risk of Covid-19, and found the vaccine worked. As Full Fact and others have reported, the vaccine is not only to reduce the risk of dying from Covid-19 (which we have previously reported is close to one in 100,000 in children who catch the disease) but to reduce non-lethal but harmful symptomatic Covid-19, transmission of the disease, and long Covid. HART also cited an open letter to CEO of the MHRA Dr June Raine as evidence of the vaccines’ harmfulness, claiming it was an “independent preliminary Yellow Card reporting review (which) advises that all COVID-19 vaccination should be halted, pending a full independent safety enquiry.” The “review” argues that 1,253 deaths and 888,196 adverse reactions (ADR) reported via the Yellow Card Scheme were “covid-19 vaccine attributed”.  We’ve said on a number of occasions that reporting of deaths and adverse events following a vaccine does not mean they are connected.  Some adverse events have been investigated and are possibly linked to vaccination. The MHRA has received reports of 389 cases of blood clotting following the AstraZeneca vaccine, of which 68 were fatal. Its advice remains “that the benefits of the vaccine outweigh the risks in the majority of people.”  Under 40s however are being offered an alternative to the AstraZeneca vaccine.  According to the latest statistics, there have been 395 instances of anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reactions in response to the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, 16 instances after the Moderna vaccine and 760 after the AstraZeneca vaccine. Anyone with a history of allergic reactions to the Pfizer vaccine or hypersensitivity to the Moderna vaccine have been told to not receive those vaccines.  Reports of Bell’s Palsy (a type of facial paralysis) have been analysed but “so far is similar to the expected natural rate and does not currently suggest an increased risk following the vaccines.” There have been eight reports of Capillary Leak Syndrome (where fluid leaks from the small blood vessels into the body, which can lead to organ failure and death). While it is an extremely rare condition, whose triggers are not well understood, the MHRA has advised the AstraZeneca vaccine should not be used by anyone with a history of such episodes.  The MHRA also monitored reports of myocarditis and pericarditis (inflammatory heart conditions) following vaccination. It says the reports are “very rare”, “typically mild” and people should attend for vaccination when invited “unless advised otherwise.” A range of menstrual disorders have been reported after the Pfizer/BioNTech, AstraZeneca and Moderna vaccines but the number of reports are said to be low in relation to the number of women who have had their vaccine and how common such disorders are generally. Of other adverse events with a fatal outcome following vaccination “review of individual reports and patterns of reporting does not suggest the vaccine played a role in the death.” HART also claimed that children produce more spike proteins generated by the Covid-19 vaccine.  It claimed recent evidence shows these proteins are harmful. We believe this refers to statements made by viral immunologist Byram Bridle who claimed, just as spike proteins from the Covid-19 virus can enter the bloodstream and cause cellular damage, so can spike proteins generated by the Covid-19 vaccine. While we don’t know whether children produce more spike proteins following vaccination we recently fact checked Mr Bridle’s comments. Spike proteins generated by the vaccines work differently to those generated by the Covid-19 virus, and so the assumption that spike proteins generated by the vaccine could also harm cells in the bloodstream is unevidenced..  His theory has also been addressed by a number of other scientists and fact checkers.  HART also noted Newsround hadn’t mentioned some of the Pfizer vaccine's side effects, citing a recent FDA report and an upcoming U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emergency meeting on associated myocarditis (an inflammation of the heart, which can lead to heart failure). The CDC reported earlier this month that more than half of the myocarditis cases reported to the U.S Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System after the second dose of either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines were in people aged between 12 and 24.  This has led to the FDA adding a warning to the Pfizer and Modera vaccines.  As noted earlier, the MHRA has received reports of myocarditis following vaccination but say instances are very rare, events were typically mild and individuals should still come forward for their vaccine unless advised not to.","https://www.hartgroup.org/bbc-newsround-vaccine/,https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/57389353,https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/57389353,https://www.nejm.org/doi/suppl/10.1056/NEJMoa2107456/suppl_file/nejmoa2107456_appendix.pdf#page=10,https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210331005503/en/,https://fullfact.org/online/risk-children-death-covid/,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-19-in-children/,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-QA-graphic/,https://news.sky.com/story/covid-19-nhs-to-launch-long-covid-services-for-children-12332812,https://fullfact.org/online/Piers-Corbyn-wrong-covid-vaccine-figures/,https://fullfact.org/health/do-not-resuscitate-video/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-57021738,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://www.ukcolumn.org/community/forums/topic/dr-byram-bridle-assoc-prof-of-viral-immunology-latest-vaccine-research/,https://fullfact.org/online/conservative-woman-vaccine-scientist-spike-protein/,https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-vaccine-safe-idUSL2N2NX1J6,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/byram-bridles-claim-that-covid-19-vaccines-are-toxic-fails-to-account-for-key-differences-between-the-spike-protein-produced-during-infection-and-vaccination-misrepresents-studies/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-377989296609,https://www.fda.gov/media/150054/download,https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/downloads/agenda-archive/agenda-2021-06-18-508.pdf,https://www.reuters.com/world/us/cdc-heart-inflammation-cases-ages-16-24-higher-than-expected-after-mrna-covid-19-2021-06-10/,https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/953647,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Critical report on BBC Newsround story is misleading,,,,,,
-21,,,,False,Tom Norton,2021-06-24,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/instagram-post-gets-it-wrong-about-covid-19-vaccines-and-animal-testing/,Covid-19 has a survival rate of 99.998%.,2021-06-24,fullfact,,"An Instagram post has made misleading claims about Covid-19 survival rates and vaccine safety testing.  It states: “99.998% chance of survival But takes part in human vaccine trial where they skipped animal testing.” Both of the claims are untrue. As we’ve covered many times before, the estimated Covid-19 survival rate has been estimated to be somewhere between 99-99.5%, though this has likely increased with the vaccine roll-out.  However, precise estimates are difficult to make because we don’t know the total number of people who caught Covid-19 and therefore what proportion survived. In any case, we can say the survival rate of the disease is lower than 99.98% because 0.2% of the population have already died with Covid-19 recorded as a cause on their death certificate, as this fact check explains. As we’ve said before the Moderna, Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines have all been tested on animals, as has the recently-approved Janssen vaccine. The confusion may have arisen from reports that the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines were permitted to carry out human trials concurrently with animal trials. The AstraZeneca vaccine was tested out on mice and monkeys before people. All of the vaccines required thorough assessment by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) before they were approved as safe for use. The MHRA continues to monitor the vaccines’ safety as well as any potential adverse effects.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CPTLjbnHz-G/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-ifr-more-01/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-QA-graphic/,https://perma.cc/MH8U-MJKF?type=image,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-afs:Content:9792931264,https://www.understandinganimalresearch.org.uk/news/research-medical-benefits/how-effective-is-the-astrazenecaoxford-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Instagram post gets it wrong about Covid-19 vaccines and animal testing,,,,,,
-22,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-06-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/nhs-data-cut-off/,"Data will be linked to your NHS number, date of birth and postcode.",2021-06-23,fullfact,,"A Facebook post with over 600 shares claims that the government “has told your GP to hand over your health data, including mental & sexual health, to third parties for payment” and the deadline to opt-out of this is 23 June 2021. This deadline has changed, and this claim needs context. From September, NHS Digital will start collecting patient data from GP records in England about all living patients, including children. This is called the General Practice Data for Planning and Research data collection, and it will be used to help the NHS improve health and care services, according to NHS Digital. As the post claims, this will include information about mental and sexual health, as well as diagnoses, symptoms, test results, medications, information about physical health, a person’s sex, ethnicity and which staff treated them. NHS Digital says it will not sell your data, but does have a price list “to cover the cost of processing and delivering our service” to external organisations who want to use it for health and care planning and research uses. We have written much more about who is allowed to access the data here. The post claims that “data will be linked to your NHS number, postcode & date of birth”. This claim needs more context. Although the data collection won’t include people’s names or where they live, details like NHS numbers, postcodes and dates of birth will be collected. However, this will go through a process called pseudonymisation, which means codes will be generated to replace these details.  NHS Digital says this means that no one will be able to directly identify you in the data, without also having access to the key that links each patient to their code. However, NHS Digital does make a distinction between pseudonymisation and complete anonymisation, and so although the data will be de-personalised it will not be completely anonymous (you can read more about the distinction here). NHS Digital maintains the keys to convert these codes back into data that could identify you, but won’t do that “unless in the circumstances of any specific request it is necessary for it to be provided in an identifiable form”.  The post claims that the date to opt-out of this data collection is 23 June, which was true until 8 June, when a minister in the Department for Health and Social Care, Jo Churchill, told the House of Commons the implementation date had changed from 1 July to 1 September. To opt-out, you need to print, fill in and return this document to your GP practice. It’s not clear when exactly you have to return the opt out form to your GP to make sure it gets processed before the new implementation day on 1 September. The previous deadline, of 23 June, was a week before implementation day.  If you opt-out after this deadline, no more data will be collected. NHS Digital told Full Fact: “With regards to [General Practice Data for Planning and Research] specifically, the data will start to flow from the 1 September and patients would need to opt out ahead of this date if they do not want their data to be shared.” The user’s caption of the Facebook post was wrong when it was written, on 21 June, although the screenshot of a Double Down News tweet it includes was posted before the deadline changed.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=5977364492333498&set=a.329142327155771&type=3,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/transparency-notice#how-sharing-patient-data-with-nhs-digital-helps-the-nhs-and-you,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research#what-data-is-shared,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/advice-for-the-public#we-are-not-going-to-sell-your-data,https://digital.nhs.uk/services/data-access-request-service-dars/data-access-request-service-dars-charges,https://fullfact.org/health/nhs-data/,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/transparency-notice#what-patient-data-we-collect,https://www.phc.ox.ac.uk/intranet/information-governance/information-governance/what-is-the-difference-between-anonymisation-and-pseudonymisation,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/transparency-notice#who-we-share-your-patient-data-with,https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/0aba1ed3-335d-4746-a65c-886b8adac067?in=12:01:51&out=12:02:51,https://nhs-prod.global.ssl.fastly.net/binaries/content/assets/website-assets/data-and-information/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/type-1-opt-out-form.docx,https://digital.nhs.uk/news-and-events/latest-news/collection-of-gp-data-for-planning-and-research-to-go-ahead-on-1-september-2021,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=5977364492333498&set=a.329142327155771&type=3,https://twitter.com/DoubleDownNews/status/1399008002510929922,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",The deadline for opting out of the NHS GP data collection has changed,,,,,,
-23,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-06-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/nhs-data-cut-off/,"Data will be linked to your NHS number, date of birth and postcode.",2021-06-23,fullfact,,"A Facebook post with over 600 shares claims that the government “has told your GP to hand over your health data, including mental & sexual health, to third parties for payment” and the deadline to opt-out of this is 23 June 2021. This deadline has changed, and this claim needs context. From September, NHS Digital will start collecting patient data from GP records in England about all living patients, including children. This is called the General Practice Data for Planning and Research data collection, and it will be used to help the NHS improve health and care services, according to NHS Digital. As the post claims, this will include information about mental and sexual health, as well as diagnoses, symptoms, test results, medications, information about physical health, a person’s sex, ethnicity and which staff treated them. NHS Digital says it will not sell your data, but does have a price list “to cover the cost of processing and delivering our service” to external organisations who want to use it for health and care planning and research uses. We have written much more about who is allowed to access the data here. The post claims that “data will be linked to your NHS number, postcode & date of birth”. This claim needs more context. Although the data collection won’t include people’s names or where they live, details like NHS numbers, postcodes and dates of birth will be collected. However, this will go through a process called pseudonymisation, which means codes will be generated to replace these details.  NHS Digital says this means that no one will be able to directly identify you in the data, without also having access to the key that links each patient to their code. However, NHS Digital does make a distinction between pseudonymisation and complete anonymisation, and so although the data will be de-personalised it will not be completely anonymous (you can read more about the distinction here). NHS Digital maintains the keys to convert these codes back into data that could identify you, but won’t do that “unless in the circumstances of any specific request it is necessary for it to be provided in an identifiable form”.  The post claims that the date to opt-out of this data collection is 23 June, which was true until 8 June, when a minister in the Department for Health and Social Care, Jo Churchill, told the House of Commons the implementation date had changed from 1 July to 1 September. To opt-out, you need to print, fill in and return this document to your GP practice. It’s not clear when exactly you have to return the opt out form to your GP to make sure it gets processed before the new implementation day on 1 September. The previous deadline, of 23 June, was a week before implementation day.  If you opt-out after this deadline, no more data will be collected. NHS Digital told Full Fact: “With regards to [General Practice Data for Planning and Research] specifically, the data will start to flow from the 1 September and patients would need to opt out ahead of this date if they do not want their data to be shared.” The user’s caption of the Facebook post was wrong when it was written, on 21 June, although the screenshot of a Double Down News tweet it includes was posted before the deadline changed.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=5977364492333498&set=a.329142327155771&type=3,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/transparency-notice#how-sharing-patient-data-with-nhs-digital-helps-the-nhs-and-you,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research#what-data-is-shared,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/advice-for-the-public#we-are-not-going-to-sell-your-data,https://digital.nhs.uk/services/data-access-request-service-dars/data-access-request-service-dars-charges,https://fullfact.org/health/nhs-data/,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/transparency-notice#what-patient-data-we-collect,https://www.phc.ox.ac.uk/intranet/information-governance/information-governance/what-is-the-difference-between-anonymisation-and-pseudonymisation,https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/transparency-notice#who-we-share-your-patient-data-with,https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/0aba1ed3-335d-4746-a65c-886b8adac067?in=12:01:51&out=12:02:51,https://nhs-prod.global.ssl.fastly.net/binaries/content/assets/website-assets/data-and-information/data-collections/general-practice-data-for-planning-and-research/type-1-opt-out-form.docx,https://digital.nhs.uk/news-and-events/latest-news/collection-of-gp-data-for-planning-and-research-to-go-ahead-on-1-september-2021,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=5977364492333498&set=a.329142327155771&type=3,https://twitter.com/DoubleDownNews/status/1399008002510929922,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",The deadline for opting out of the NHS GP data collection has changed,,,,,,
-24,,,,Other,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-06-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/british-airways-covid-vaccine/,British Airways have released a statement telling their pilots that they do not need to have a Covid-19 vaccine.,2021-06-23,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook claims that British Airways has released a statement telling their pilots that they don’t need to have a Covid-19 vaccine, and other airlines are not allowing people to fly who have had a vaccine.  Like other posts we’ve recently checked, the claims made in this post are based on the news that four British Airways pilots have recently died. The airline has confirmed this on social media, and a picture of four books of condolences, which appear to be genuine, have been widely circulated online.  British Airways recently told Full Fact that “there is no truth whatsoever in the claims on social media speculating that the four deaths are linked”, after claims that the deaths were linked to Covid-19 vaccines emerged.  British Airways has confirmed that it has not released a statement telling pilots that they do not need to have a Covid-19 vaccine, as the post claims. It said it has made no changes to guidance which says vaccines are a personal choice.  The post also claims that some of the airlines are “not letting people who’ve had one of the brands” of Covid-19 vaccine fly. This claim seems to originate from a Dutch article published on 26 May, which claims “airlines are now discussing their liability and what to do with the vaccinated as they are not allowed to fly because it is a health risk” and a Russian article, published 31 May, which says (in translation) that vaccinated people “may be banned from flying”. No evidence is given to substantiate either claim.  A similar article also appeared on a Swiss website, which linked to a Spanish article claiming (in translation) that “the main airlines in the world are discussing whether it is advisable to admit vaccinated customers”. Again, no evidence was provided for this claim and other fact checkers such as the Associated Press and Reuters found no record of meetings or discussions between airlines regarding this.  These articles draw links between vaccinated people flying and the risk of developing blood clots.The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency has identified a possible link between a type of extremely rare blood clot occurring together with low levels of platelets and the Oxford/AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine.  Allen Cheng, director of the Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology unit at Alfred Health in Melbourne, told ABC’s Fact Check team that this is a different type of blood clot to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is associated with sitting still for long periods of time, for example during a flight.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10159134286577305&set=a.257659997304&type=3&eid=ARCe88e4hlM-2NqMlNo7ZqUtw1yA4C2iaXEdH5dm4MjsfDdWT8uptsUdWqDAm0pq9a8-uGa6Sddk8ZSW,https://fullfact.org/online/british-airways-pilot-vaccine/,https://twitter.com/British_Airways/status/1405606519631007748,https://www.vrijspreker.nl/wp/2021/05/niet-vliegen-voor-gevaccineerden/,https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=https://www.osnmedia.ru/obshhestvo/ne-lgoty-a-ogranicheniya-privitym-ot-covid-19-mogut-zapretit-aviaperelety/&prev=search&pto=aue,https://uncutnews.ch/medien-in-spanien-und-russland-fluggesellschaften-gehen-das-problem-der-blutgerinnsel-an-und-empfehlen-geimpften-personen-nicht-zu-reisen,https://mpr21.info/las-aerolineas-se-enfrentan-al-problema-de-los-coagulos-con-recomendaciones-de-no-viajar-a-las-personas-vacunadas/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-248516222683,https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-airlines-clots/fact-check-no-evidence-airlines-met-to-discuss-banning-vaccinated-passengers-idUSL2N2NX252,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-05-14/airlines-debunk-vaccinated-travellers-ban-rumours-coronacheck/100134084,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",British Airways hasn’t told their pilots they don’t need Covid-19 vaccine,,,,,,
-25,,,,Other,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-06-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/british-airways-covid-vaccine/,British Airways have released a statement telling their pilots that they do not need to have a Covid-19 vaccine.,2021-06-23,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook claims that British Airways has released a statement telling their pilots that they don’t need to have a Covid-19 vaccine, and other airlines are not allowing people to fly who have had a vaccine.  Like other posts we’ve recently checked, the claims made in this post are based on the news that four British Airways pilots have recently died. The airline has confirmed this on social media, and a picture of four books of condolences, which appear to be genuine, have been widely circulated online.  British Airways recently told Full Fact that “there is no truth whatsoever in the claims on social media speculating that the four deaths are linked”, after claims that the deaths were linked to Covid-19 vaccines emerged.  British Airways has confirmed that it has not released a statement telling pilots that they do not need to have a Covid-19 vaccine, as the post claims. It said it has made no changes to guidance which says vaccines are a personal choice.  The post also claims that some of the airlines are “not letting people who’ve had one of the brands” of Covid-19 vaccine fly. This claim seems to originate from a Dutch article published on 26 May, which claims “airlines are now discussing their liability and what to do with the vaccinated as they are not allowed to fly because it is a health risk” and a Russian article, published 31 May, which says (in translation) that vaccinated people “may be banned from flying”. No evidence is given to substantiate either claim.  A similar article also appeared on a Swiss website, which linked to a Spanish article claiming (in translation) that “the main airlines in the world are discussing whether it is advisable to admit vaccinated customers”. Again, no evidence was provided for this claim and other fact checkers such as the Associated Press and Reuters found no record of meetings or discussions between airlines regarding this.  These articles draw links between vaccinated people flying and the risk of developing blood clots.The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency has identified a possible link between a type of extremely rare blood clot occurring together with low levels of platelets and the Oxford/AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine.  Allen Cheng, director of the Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology unit at Alfred Health in Melbourne, told ABC’s Fact Check team that this is a different type of blood clot to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is associated with sitting still for long periods of time, for example during a flight.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10159134286577305&set=a.257659997304&type=3&eid=ARCe88e4hlM-2NqMlNo7ZqUtw1yA4C2iaXEdH5dm4MjsfDdWT8uptsUdWqDAm0pq9a8-uGa6Sddk8ZSW,https://fullfact.org/online/british-airways-pilot-vaccine/,https://twitter.com/British_Airways/status/1405606519631007748,https://www.vrijspreker.nl/wp/2021/05/niet-vliegen-voor-gevaccineerden/,https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=https://www.osnmedia.ru/obshhestvo/ne-lgoty-a-ogranicheniya-privitym-ot-covid-19-mogut-zapretit-aviaperelety/&prev=search&pto=aue,https://uncutnews.ch/medien-in-spanien-und-russland-fluggesellschaften-gehen-das-problem-der-blutgerinnsel-an-und-empfehlen-geimpften-personen-nicht-zu-reisen,https://mpr21.info/las-aerolineas-se-enfrentan-al-problema-de-los-coagulos-con-recomendaciones-de-no-viajar-a-las-personas-vacunadas/,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-248516222683,https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-airlines-clots/fact-check-no-evidence-airlines-met-to-discuss-banning-vaccinated-passengers-idUSL2N2NX252,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-05-14/airlines-debunk-vaccinated-travellers-ban-rumours-coronacheck/100134084,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",British Airways hasn’t told their pilots they don’t need Covid-19 vaccine,,,,,,
-26,,,,True,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-06-18,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-cremation-pcr-asymptomatic-transmission/,Covid-19 death statistics have been manipulated.,2021-06-18,fullfact,,"A widely-shared post on Facebook contains a number of inaccurate and misleading claims about the Covid-19 crisis, including claims about asymptomatic transmission, death statistics and cremation procedures.  We’ve checked five of the main ones.  The post claims that people who have died are being rapidly cremated, in some cases against their or their family’s wishes, due to the Coronavirus Act.  It is true that cremation form 5, a confirmatory medical certificate, has been suspended under the Coronavirus Act.  Before Covid-19, cremation form 5 was the second part of a formal procedure to authorise a cremation, designed as a safeguard. Two certificates needed to be signed, one by the registered medical practitioner who attended the deceased during their last illness, and the other—form 5—by a registered medical practitioner who is neither a partner nor a relative of the doctor who completed the first form. The first part of this process, cremation form 4 still applies, but any doctor can complete Form 4 as long as the deceased was seen by another doctor in the 28 days before death, or shortly after death.  Form 4 is still scrutinised by a crematorium medical referee, who has the power to halt a cremation if they are unsatisfied with the way in which a death has been registered. Form 5 was removed, the government guidance states, to simplify the process “in order to address the expected increased volume of deaths and the need to focus a reduced number of available medical practitioners on dealing with more priority cases, whilst keeping a necessary level of safeguards in place. “It is also intended to reduce the likelihood of delays to allowing families to be able to make cremation arrangements for the deceased.” It is untrue that this enables rapid cremation against the wishes of the deceased’s family. Government guidance to local authorities (who manage the deceased) specifically states that they have a legal obligation to consider the deceased's wishes, religion or beliefs where they are known. This should include “contacting and consulting their next of kin or family members to understand the deceased’s wishes”. In the early stages of the pandemic, when the Coronavirus Act 2020 was still at the bill stage and progressing through Parliament, there was some concern that powers granted by the act giving local authorities the power to choose between burial or cremation could lead to people being cremated against their or their family’s wishes.  However, the bill was amended as it passed through Parliament to include a specific clause stipulating that remains must be disposed of in accordance with the deceased’s wishes or in a manner that appears consistent with a person’s religion or beliefs, if known.  The post claims that asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19 is “probably the biggest hoax ever inflicted on the public”. As we have written before, there is a significant body of evidence that not only does asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19 exist, it may account for a large proportion of cases of the virus.   One analysis published in the Lancet in January states that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients are infectious (although potentially less so than symptomatic patients). A meta-analysis of eight Chinese studies, published in the Journal of the American Medicine Association, says that transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated in some cases to have accounted for more than half of all Covid-19 transmissions. A review of 22 studies, published by the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), estimated that the asymptomatic proportion of Covid-19 infections was 28%. The studies specifically differentiated between truly asymptomatic infections and pre-symptomatic infections, which are often conflated.  The author of the Facebook post also questions the reliability of PCR tests, describing them as “useless” and claiming that a high cycle threshold “gives rapidly increasing numbers of false positive results”.  Cycle thresholds have become a particular focus of misinformation during the pandemic, and we have written about them before.  A PCR test is performed by repeatedly replicating target viral material in the sample to the point that it becomes detectable. The number of cycles before the virus is detectable is known as the cycle threshold (Ct). A positive test with a high Ct value may indicate a test from someone who had a very small amount of detectable viral RNA on their initial swab, and therefore may not be infectious or have an ongoing active infection.  However, a positive test with a high Ct value may indicate someone who is still infectious, or who may soon become infectious. PCR tests aren’t perfect, but are generally seen as the gold standard for Covid-19 testing. The US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) says: “This test is typically highly accurate and usually does not need to be repeated.” The post claims that “most British labs used between 40 and 45 cycles” during 2020, and cites a Portuguese court ruling on PCR tests, in which judges described the reliability of the tests as “more than debatable” and said that “if a person has a positive PCR test at a cycle threshold of 35 or higher… the chances of a person being infected are less than 3%.”  According to Public Health England (PHE), a typical PCR test will go through a maximum of 40 thermal cycles, although some may go higher. PHE also says that, while a higher Ct value indicates a low concentration of viral genetic material and therefore a lower risk of infectivity, it could also represent a scenario where the risk of infectivity remains, for example, in early infection or where the sample was incorrectly collected.  It is inaccurate to say, as the post claims, that SAGE “had to admit to a mean false positive rate of 2.3% of all conducted tests”. The UK’s operational false positive rate is unknown.  This figure of 2.3% may come from a SAGE document, published in June 2020, in which an examination of 43 external quality assessments of PCR tests for other RNA viruses found a median false positivity rate of 2.3%.  We have written extensively about how Covid-19 deaths are counted throughout the pandemic. As of 17 June, 127,945 deaths have been recorded within 28 days of a positive Covid test in the UK. It is true, as the post claims, that this total may include some people who died for other reasons, besides Covid. However, it also does not include people who did die of Covid, but died more than 28 days after their first positive test, or people at the start of the pandemic who died of Covid but were not tested. Up to Friday 4 June, 2021, there have been 152,397 fatalities where Covid-19 was mentioned as a cause of death on the death certificate.  The World Health Organisation’s (WHO) guidelines on recording deaths from Covid-19, published in April 2020, states that, for surveillance purposes, a death from Covid-19 is defined as “a death resulting from a clinically compatible illness, in a probable or confirmed Covid-19 case, unless there is a clear alternative cause of death that cannot be related to Covid disease (e.g. trauma)”. It does not, as the post claims, describe a “confirmed” Covid-19 death as any death following a positive test, even without symptoms of Covid-19. It is untrue that over 90% of Covid-19 deaths were in people who had one or more serious pre-existing conditions (or comorbidities, as the post states). Data compiled by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) shows that in England in 2020, 20.7% of Covid-19 deaths in those aged 64 and under and 11.6% of Covid-19 deaths in the over-65s were people who had no pre-existing conditions. In the first quarter of 2021, the most recent data we have, 13% of all people in England and Wales who died of Covid-19 had no pre-existing conditions.  The Facebook post also claims that the average age of death from Covid-19 is 82. This is about right.  The ONS does not publish information on the average age of Covid-19 deaths on a regular basis. However, a response to a Freedom of Information (FOI) request published in January 2021 shows that between the week ending 9 October, 2020, and the week ending January 1, 2021, the median age of deaths involving Covid-19 was 83.  Data published through a different FOI request to the ONS shows that the median age of Covid-19 deaths in England and Wales, up to and including 2 October, 2020, was also 83.  Even so, research suggests that people who die of Covid lose about a decade of life, on average. Claims that Covid-19 has a survival rate of approximately 99.8% have persisted throughout the pandemic and, as we have written before, this is untrue.  We can work this out simply by looking at the sheer number of people who have died. As of 17 June, 152,397 people have died with Covid-19 mentioned as a cause on their death certificate—about 0.23% of the entire UK population.  If only 0.2% of people die from Covid-19 after catching it (which the claimed 99.8% survival rate implies), then everyone in the country must have already been infected. This is almost certainly not the case.  Rising Covid-19 infection rates show that the virus is continuing to spread. This is very unlikely if everyone has already been infected.","https://www.facebook.com/chris.wakefield.31/posts/10219611813712568,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/confirm-details-of-the-cremation-medical-certificate,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8860/,https://twitter.com/ilovepathology/status/1246727191179788288,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/878097/revised-guidance-to-crematorium-medical-referees.pdf#page=7,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8860/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/988273/Section_58_and_Schedule_28_to_the_Coronavirus_Act_2020.pdf#page=23,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/coronavirus-powers-to-direct-between-burials-and-cremation/,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2020/7/schedule/28/part/4/enacted,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/covid-19-what-proportion-are-asymptomatic/,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32651-9/fulltext,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2774707,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/925128/S0745_Rapid_review_of_asymptomatic_proportion_of_SARS-CoV-2_infections_in_community_settings.pdf,https://fullfact.org/health/cycle-threshold-values/,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-pcr-test-accuracy/,https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/cclm/58/7/article-p1070.xml,https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/coronavirus-testing-basics,https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t1b01H0Jd4hsMU7V1vy70yr8s3jlBedr/view?fbclid=IwAR0L_Iu6wwIVfFlZpykLhDHroS12MHZqO533Uizzc-5ZfUUmALOOjY58he4,https://www.portugalresident.com/judges-in-portugal-highlight-more-than-debatable-reliability-of-covid-tests/,https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=&sl=pt&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgsi.pt%2Fjtrl.nsf%2F33182fc732316039802565fa00497eec%2F79d6ba338dcbe5e28025861f003e7b30,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf#page=6,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf#page=3,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/895843/S0519_Impact_of_false_positives_and_negatives.pdf#page=2,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://fullfact.org/health/why-you-cant-compare-deaths-after-a-positive-covid-19-test-with-deaths-after-a-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/health/liam-fox-death-figures/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/Guidelines_Cause_of_Death_COVID-19.pdf,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/averageageofthosewhohaddiedwithcovid19,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Covid-19 victims cannot be cremated against their wishes,,,,,,
-27,,,,True,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-06-18,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-cremation-pcr-asymptomatic-transmission/,Covid-19 death statistics have been manipulated.,2021-06-18,fullfact,,"A widely-shared post on Facebook contains a number of inaccurate and misleading claims about the Covid-19 crisis, including claims about asymptomatic transmission, death statistics and cremation procedures.  We’ve checked five of the main ones.  The post claims that people who have died are being rapidly cremated, in some cases against their or their family’s wishes, due to the Coronavirus Act.  It is true that cremation form 5, a confirmatory medical certificate, has been suspended under the Coronavirus Act.  Before Covid-19, cremation form 5 was the second part of a formal procedure to authorise a cremation, designed as a safeguard. Two certificates needed to be signed, one by the registered medical practitioner who attended the deceased during their last illness, and the other—form 5—by a registered medical practitioner who is neither a partner nor a relative of the doctor who completed the first form. The first part of this process, cremation form 4 still applies, but any doctor can complete Form 4 as long as the deceased was seen by another doctor in the 28 days before death, or shortly after death.  Form 4 is still scrutinised by a crematorium medical referee, who has the power to halt a cremation if they are unsatisfied with the way in which a death has been registered. Form 5 was removed, the government guidance states, to simplify the process “in order to address the expected increased volume of deaths and the need to focus a reduced number of available medical practitioners on dealing with more priority cases, whilst keeping a necessary level of safeguards in place. “It is also intended to reduce the likelihood of delays to allowing families to be able to make cremation arrangements for the deceased.” It is untrue that this enables rapid cremation against the wishes of the deceased’s family. Government guidance to local authorities (who manage the deceased) specifically states that they have a legal obligation to consider the deceased's wishes, religion or beliefs where they are known. This should include “contacting and consulting their next of kin or family members to understand the deceased’s wishes”. In the early stages of the pandemic, when the Coronavirus Act 2020 was still at the bill stage and progressing through Parliament, there was some concern that powers granted by the act giving local authorities the power to choose between burial or cremation could lead to people being cremated against their or their family’s wishes.  However, the bill was amended as it passed through Parliament to include a specific clause stipulating that remains must be disposed of in accordance with the deceased’s wishes or in a manner that appears consistent with a person’s religion or beliefs, if known.  The post claims that asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19 is “probably the biggest hoax ever inflicted on the public”. As we have written before, there is a significant body of evidence that not only does asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19 exist, it may account for a large proportion of cases of the virus.   One analysis published in the Lancet in January states that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients are infectious (although potentially less so than symptomatic patients). A meta-analysis of eight Chinese studies, published in the Journal of the American Medicine Association, says that transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated in some cases to have accounted for more than half of all Covid-19 transmissions. A review of 22 studies, published by the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), estimated that the asymptomatic proportion of Covid-19 infections was 28%. The studies specifically differentiated between truly asymptomatic infections and pre-symptomatic infections, which are often conflated.  The author of the Facebook post also questions the reliability of PCR tests, describing them as “useless” and claiming that a high cycle threshold “gives rapidly increasing numbers of false positive results”.  Cycle thresholds have become a particular focus of misinformation during the pandemic, and we have written about them before.  A PCR test is performed by repeatedly replicating target viral material in the sample to the point that it becomes detectable. The number of cycles before the virus is detectable is known as the cycle threshold (Ct). A positive test with a high Ct value may indicate a test from someone who had a very small amount of detectable viral RNA on their initial swab, and therefore may not be infectious or have an ongoing active infection.  However, a positive test with a high Ct value may indicate someone who is still infectious, or who may soon become infectious. PCR tests aren’t perfect, but are generally seen as the gold standard for Covid-19 testing. The US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) says: “This test is typically highly accurate and usually does not need to be repeated.” The post claims that “most British labs used between 40 and 45 cycles” during 2020, and cites a Portuguese court ruling on PCR tests, in which judges described the reliability of the tests as “more than debatable” and said that “if a person has a positive PCR test at a cycle threshold of 35 or higher… the chances of a person being infected are less than 3%.”  According to Public Health England (PHE), a typical PCR test will go through a maximum of 40 thermal cycles, although some may go higher. PHE also says that, while a higher Ct value indicates a low concentration of viral genetic material and therefore a lower risk of infectivity, it could also represent a scenario where the risk of infectivity remains, for example, in early infection or where the sample was incorrectly collected.  It is inaccurate to say, as the post claims, that SAGE “had to admit to a mean false positive rate of 2.3% of all conducted tests”. The UK’s operational false positive rate is unknown.  This figure of 2.3% may come from a SAGE document, published in June 2020, in which an examination of 43 external quality assessments of PCR tests for other RNA viruses found a median false positivity rate of 2.3%.  We have written extensively about how Covid-19 deaths are counted throughout the pandemic. As of 17 June, 127,945 deaths have been recorded within 28 days of a positive Covid test in the UK. It is true, as the post claims, that this total may include some people who died for other reasons, besides Covid. However, it also does not include people who did die of Covid, but died more than 28 days after their first positive test, or people at the start of the pandemic who died of Covid but were not tested. Up to Friday 4 June, 2021, there have been 152,397 fatalities where Covid-19 was mentioned as a cause of death on the death certificate.  The World Health Organisation’s (WHO) guidelines on recording deaths from Covid-19, published in April 2020, states that, for surveillance purposes, a death from Covid-19 is defined as “a death resulting from a clinically compatible illness, in a probable or confirmed Covid-19 case, unless there is a clear alternative cause of death that cannot be related to Covid disease (e.g. trauma)”. It does not, as the post claims, describe a “confirmed” Covid-19 death as any death following a positive test, even without symptoms of Covid-19. It is untrue that over 90% of Covid-19 deaths were in people who had one or more serious pre-existing conditions (or comorbidities, as the post states). Data compiled by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) shows that in England in 2020, 20.7% of Covid-19 deaths in those aged 64 and under and 11.6% of Covid-19 deaths in the over-65s were people who had no pre-existing conditions. In the first quarter of 2021, the most recent data we have, 13% of all people in England and Wales who died of Covid-19 had no pre-existing conditions.  The Facebook post also claims that the average age of death from Covid-19 is 82. This is about right.  The ONS does not publish information on the average age of Covid-19 deaths on a regular basis. However, a response to a Freedom of Information (FOI) request published in January 2021 shows that between the week ending 9 October, 2020, and the week ending January 1, 2021, the median age of deaths involving Covid-19 was 83.  Data published through a different FOI request to the ONS shows that the median age of Covid-19 deaths in England and Wales, up to and including 2 October, 2020, was also 83.  Even so, research suggests that people who die of Covid lose about a decade of life, on average. Claims that Covid-19 has a survival rate of approximately 99.8% have persisted throughout the pandemic and, as we have written before, this is untrue.  We can work this out simply by looking at the sheer number of people who have died. As of 17 June, 152,397 people have died with Covid-19 mentioned as a cause on their death certificate—about 0.23% of the entire UK population.  If only 0.2% of people die from Covid-19 after catching it (which the claimed 99.8% survival rate implies), then everyone in the country must have already been infected. This is almost certainly not the case.  Rising Covid-19 infection rates show that the virus is continuing to spread. This is very unlikely if everyone has already been infected.","https://www.facebook.com/chris.wakefield.31/posts/10219611813712568,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/confirm-details-of-the-cremation-medical-certificate,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8860/,https://twitter.com/ilovepathology/status/1246727191179788288,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/878097/revised-guidance-to-crematorium-medical-referees.pdf#page=7,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8860/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/988273/Section_58_and_Schedule_28_to_the_Coronavirus_Act_2020.pdf#page=23,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/coronavirus-powers-to-direct-between-burials-and-cremation/,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2020/7/schedule/28/part/4/enacted,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/covid-19-what-proportion-are-asymptomatic/,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32651-9/fulltext,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2774707,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/925128/S0745_Rapid_review_of_asymptomatic_proportion_of_SARS-CoV-2_infections_in_community_settings.pdf,https://fullfact.org/health/cycle-threshold-values/,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-pcr-test-accuracy/,https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/cclm/58/7/article-p1070.xml,https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/coronavirus-testing-basics,https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t1b01H0Jd4hsMU7V1vy70yr8s3jlBedr/view?fbclid=IwAR0L_Iu6wwIVfFlZpykLhDHroS12MHZqO533Uizzc-5ZfUUmALOOjY58he4,https://www.portugalresident.com/judges-in-portugal-highlight-more-than-debatable-reliability-of-covid-tests/,https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=&sl=pt&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgsi.pt%2Fjtrl.nsf%2F33182fc732316039802565fa00497eec%2F79d6ba338dcbe5e28025861f003e7b30,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf#page=6,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf#page=3,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/895843/S0519_Impact_of_false_positives_and_negatives.pdf#page=2,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://fullfact.org/health/why-you-cant-compare-deaths-after-a-positive-covid-19-test-with-deaths-after-a-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/health/liam-fox-death-figures/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/Guidelines_Cause_of_Death_COVID-19.pdf,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/averageageofthosewhohaddiedwithcovid19,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Covid-19 victims cannot be cremated against their wishes,,,,,,
-28,,,,True,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-06-18,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-cremation-pcr-asymptomatic-transmission/,Covid-19 death statistics have been manipulated.,2021-06-18,fullfact,,"A widely-shared post on Facebook contains a number of inaccurate and misleading claims about the Covid-19 crisis, including claims about asymptomatic transmission, death statistics and cremation procedures.  We’ve checked five of the main ones.  The post claims that people who have died are being rapidly cremated, in some cases against their or their family’s wishes, due to the Coronavirus Act.  It is true that cremation form 5, a confirmatory medical certificate, has been suspended under the Coronavirus Act.  Before Covid-19, cremation form 5 was the second part of a formal procedure to authorise a cremation, designed as a safeguard. Two certificates needed to be signed, one by the registered medical practitioner who attended the deceased during their last illness, and the other—form 5—by a registered medical practitioner who is neither a partner nor a relative of the doctor who completed the first form. The first part of this process, cremation form 4 still applies, but any doctor can complete Form 4 as long as the deceased was seen by another doctor in the 28 days before death, or shortly after death.  Form 4 is still scrutinised by a crematorium medical referee, who has the power to halt a cremation if they are unsatisfied with the way in which a death has been registered. Form 5 was removed, the government guidance states, to simplify the process “in order to address the expected increased volume of deaths and the need to focus a reduced number of available medical practitioners on dealing with more priority cases, whilst keeping a necessary level of safeguards in place. “It is also intended to reduce the likelihood of delays to allowing families to be able to make cremation arrangements for the deceased.” It is untrue that this enables rapid cremation against the wishes of the deceased’s family. Government guidance to local authorities (who manage the deceased) specifically states that they have a legal obligation to consider the deceased's wishes, religion or beliefs where they are known. This should include “contacting and consulting their next of kin or family members to understand the deceased’s wishes”. In the early stages of the pandemic, when the Coronavirus Act 2020 was still at the bill stage and progressing through Parliament, there was some concern that powers granted by the act giving local authorities the power to choose between burial or cremation could lead to people being cremated against their or their family’s wishes.  However, the bill was amended as it passed through Parliament to include a specific clause stipulating that remains must be disposed of in accordance with the deceased’s wishes or in a manner that appears consistent with a person’s religion or beliefs, if known.  The post claims that asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19 is “probably the biggest hoax ever inflicted on the public”. As we have written before, there is a significant body of evidence that not only does asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19 exist, it may account for a large proportion of cases of the virus.   One analysis published in the Lancet in January states that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients are infectious (although potentially less so than symptomatic patients). A meta-analysis of eight Chinese studies, published in the Journal of the American Medicine Association, says that transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated in some cases to have accounted for more than half of all Covid-19 transmissions. A review of 22 studies, published by the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), estimated that the asymptomatic proportion of Covid-19 infections was 28%. The studies specifically differentiated between truly asymptomatic infections and pre-symptomatic infections, which are often conflated.  The author of the Facebook post also questions the reliability of PCR tests, describing them as “useless” and claiming that a high cycle threshold “gives rapidly increasing numbers of false positive results”.  Cycle thresholds have become a particular focus of misinformation during the pandemic, and we have written about them before.  A PCR test is performed by repeatedly replicating target viral material in the sample to the point that it becomes detectable. The number of cycles before the virus is detectable is known as the cycle threshold (Ct). A positive test with a high Ct value may indicate a test from someone who had a very small amount of detectable viral RNA on their initial swab, and therefore may not be infectious or have an ongoing active infection.  However, a positive test with a high Ct value may indicate someone who is still infectious, or who may soon become infectious. PCR tests aren’t perfect, but are generally seen as the gold standard for Covid-19 testing. The US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) says: “This test is typically highly accurate and usually does not need to be repeated.” The post claims that “most British labs used between 40 and 45 cycles” during 2020, and cites a Portuguese court ruling on PCR tests, in which judges described the reliability of the tests as “more than debatable” and said that “if a person has a positive PCR test at a cycle threshold of 35 or higher… the chances of a person being infected are less than 3%.”  According to Public Health England (PHE), a typical PCR test will go through a maximum of 40 thermal cycles, although some may go higher. PHE also says that, while a higher Ct value indicates a low concentration of viral genetic material and therefore a lower risk of infectivity, it could also represent a scenario where the risk of infectivity remains, for example, in early infection or where the sample was incorrectly collected.  It is inaccurate to say, as the post claims, that SAGE “had to admit to a mean false positive rate of 2.3% of all conducted tests”. The UK’s operational false positive rate is unknown.  This figure of 2.3% may come from a SAGE document, published in June 2020, in which an examination of 43 external quality assessments of PCR tests for other RNA viruses found a median false positivity rate of 2.3%.  We have written extensively about how Covid-19 deaths are counted throughout the pandemic. As of 17 June, 127,945 deaths have been recorded within 28 days of a positive Covid test in the UK. It is true, as the post claims, that this total may include some people who died for other reasons, besides Covid. However, it also does not include people who did die of Covid, but died more than 28 days after their first positive test, or people at the start of the pandemic who died of Covid but were not tested. Up to Friday 4 June, 2021, there have been 152,397 fatalities where Covid-19 was mentioned as a cause of death on the death certificate.  The World Health Organisation’s (WHO) guidelines on recording deaths from Covid-19, published in April 2020, states that, for surveillance purposes, a death from Covid-19 is defined as “a death resulting from a clinically compatible illness, in a probable or confirmed Covid-19 case, unless there is a clear alternative cause of death that cannot be related to Covid disease (e.g. trauma)”. It does not, as the post claims, describe a “confirmed” Covid-19 death as any death following a positive test, even without symptoms of Covid-19. It is untrue that over 90% of Covid-19 deaths were in people who had one or more serious pre-existing conditions (or comorbidities, as the post states). Data compiled by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) shows that in England in 2020, 20.7% of Covid-19 deaths in those aged 64 and under and 11.6% of Covid-19 deaths in the over-65s were people who had no pre-existing conditions. In the first quarter of 2021, the most recent data we have, 13% of all people in England and Wales who died of Covid-19 had no pre-existing conditions.  The Facebook post also claims that the average age of death from Covid-19 is 82. This is about right.  The ONS does not publish information on the average age of Covid-19 deaths on a regular basis. However, a response to a Freedom of Information (FOI) request published in January 2021 shows that between the week ending 9 October, 2020, and the week ending January 1, 2021, the median age of deaths involving Covid-19 was 83.  Data published through a different FOI request to the ONS shows that the median age of Covid-19 deaths in England and Wales, up to and including 2 October, 2020, was also 83.  Even so, research suggests that people who die of Covid lose about a decade of life, on average. Claims that Covid-19 has a survival rate of approximately 99.8% have persisted throughout the pandemic and, as we have written before, this is untrue.  We can work this out simply by looking at the sheer number of people who have died. As of 17 June, 152,397 people have died with Covid-19 mentioned as a cause on their death certificate—about 0.23% of the entire UK population.  If only 0.2% of people die from Covid-19 after catching it (which the claimed 99.8% survival rate implies), then everyone in the country must have already been infected. This is almost certainly not the case.  Rising Covid-19 infection rates show that the virus is continuing to spread. This is very unlikely if everyone has already been infected.","https://www.facebook.com/chris.wakefield.31/posts/10219611813712568,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/confirm-details-of-the-cremation-medical-certificate,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8860/,https://twitter.com/ilovepathology/status/1246727191179788288,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/878097/revised-guidance-to-crematorium-medical-referees.pdf#page=7,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8860/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/988273/Section_58_and_Schedule_28_to_the_Coronavirus_Act_2020.pdf#page=23,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/coronavirus-powers-to-direct-between-burials-and-cremation/,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2020/7/schedule/28/part/4/enacted,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/covid-19-what-proportion-are-asymptomatic/,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32651-9/fulltext,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2774707,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/925128/S0745_Rapid_review_of_asymptomatic_proportion_of_SARS-CoV-2_infections_in_community_settings.pdf,https://fullfact.org/health/cycle-threshold-values/,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-pcr-test-accuracy/,https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/cclm/58/7/article-p1070.xml,https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/coronavirus-testing-basics,https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t1b01H0Jd4hsMU7V1vy70yr8s3jlBedr/view?fbclid=IwAR0L_Iu6wwIVfFlZpykLhDHroS12MHZqO533Uizzc-5ZfUUmALOOjY58he4,https://www.portugalresident.com/judges-in-portugal-highlight-more-than-debatable-reliability-of-covid-tests/,https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=&sl=pt&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgsi.pt%2Fjtrl.nsf%2F33182fc732316039802565fa00497eec%2F79d6ba338dcbe5e28025861f003e7b30,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf#page=6,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf#page=3,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/895843/S0519_Impact_of_false_positives_and_negatives.pdf#page=2,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://fullfact.org/health/why-you-cant-compare-deaths-after-a-positive-covid-19-test-with-deaths-after-a-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/health/liam-fox-death-figures/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/Guidelines_Cause_of_Death_COVID-19.pdf,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/averageageofthosewhohaddiedwithcovid19,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Covid-19 victims cannot be cremated against their wishes,,,,,,
-29,,,,True,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-06-18,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-cremation-pcr-asymptomatic-transmission/,Covid-19 death statistics have been manipulated.,2021-06-18,fullfact,,"A widely-shared post on Facebook contains a number of inaccurate and misleading claims about the Covid-19 crisis, including claims about asymptomatic transmission, death statistics and cremation procedures.  We’ve checked five of the main ones.  The post claims that people who have died are being rapidly cremated, in some cases against their or their family’s wishes, due to the Coronavirus Act.  It is true that cremation form 5, a confirmatory medical certificate, has been suspended under the Coronavirus Act.  Before Covid-19, cremation form 5 was the second part of a formal procedure to authorise a cremation, designed as a safeguard. Two certificates needed to be signed, one by the registered medical practitioner who attended the deceased during their last illness, and the other—form 5—by a registered medical practitioner who is neither a partner nor a relative of the doctor who completed the first form. The first part of this process, cremation form 4 still applies, but any doctor can complete Form 4 as long as the deceased was seen by another doctor in the 28 days before death, or shortly after death.  Form 4 is still scrutinised by a crematorium medical referee, who has the power to halt a cremation if they are unsatisfied with the way in which a death has been registered. Form 5 was removed, the government guidance states, to simplify the process “in order to address the expected increased volume of deaths and the need to focus a reduced number of available medical practitioners on dealing with more priority cases, whilst keeping a necessary level of safeguards in place. “It is also intended to reduce the likelihood of delays to allowing families to be able to make cremation arrangements for the deceased.” It is untrue that this enables rapid cremation against the wishes of the deceased’s family. Government guidance to local authorities (who manage the deceased) specifically states that they have a legal obligation to consider the deceased's wishes, religion or beliefs where they are known. This should include “contacting and consulting their next of kin or family members to understand the deceased’s wishes”. In the early stages of the pandemic, when the Coronavirus Act 2020 was still at the bill stage and progressing through Parliament, there was some concern that powers granted by the act giving local authorities the power to choose between burial or cremation could lead to people being cremated against their or their family’s wishes.  However, the bill was amended as it passed through Parliament to include a specific clause stipulating that remains must be disposed of in accordance with the deceased’s wishes or in a manner that appears consistent with a person’s religion or beliefs, if known.  The post claims that asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19 is “probably the biggest hoax ever inflicted on the public”. As we have written before, there is a significant body of evidence that not only does asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19 exist, it may account for a large proportion of cases of the virus.   One analysis published in the Lancet in January states that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients are infectious (although potentially less so than symptomatic patients). A meta-analysis of eight Chinese studies, published in the Journal of the American Medicine Association, says that transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated in some cases to have accounted for more than half of all Covid-19 transmissions. A review of 22 studies, published by the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), estimated that the asymptomatic proportion of Covid-19 infections was 28%. The studies specifically differentiated between truly asymptomatic infections and pre-symptomatic infections, which are often conflated.  The author of the Facebook post also questions the reliability of PCR tests, describing them as “useless” and claiming that a high cycle threshold “gives rapidly increasing numbers of false positive results”.  Cycle thresholds have become a particular focus of misinformation during the pandemic, and we have written about them before.  A PCR test is performed by repeatedly replicating target viral material in the sample to the point that it becomes detectable. The number of cycles before the virus is detectable is known as the cycle threshold (Ct). A positive test with a high Ct value may indicate a test from someone who had a very small amount of detectable viral RNA on their initial swab, and therefore may not be infectious or have an ongoing active infection.  However, a positive test with a high Ct value may indicate someone who is still infectious, or who may soon become infectious. PCR tests aren’t perfect, but are generally seen as the gold standard for Covid-19 testing. The US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) says: “This test is typically highly accurate and usually does not need to be repeated.” The post claims that “most British labs used between 40 and 45 cycles” during 2020, and cites a Portuguese court ruling on PCR tests, in which judges described the reliability of the tests as “more than debatable” and said that “if a person has a positive PCR test at a cycle threshold of 35 or higher… the chances of a person being infected are less than 3%.”  According to Public Health England (PHE), a typical PCR test will go through a maximum of 40 thermal cycles, although some may go higher. PHE also says that, while a higher Ct value indicates a low concentration of viral genetic material and therefore a lower risk of infectivity, it could also represent a scenario where the risk of infectivity remains, for example, in early infection or where the sample was incorrectly collected.  It is inaccurate to say, as the post claims, that SAGE “had to admit to a mean false positive rate of 2.3% of all conducted tests”. The UK’s operational false positive rate is unknown.  This figure of 2.3% may come from a SAGE document, published in June 2020, in which an examination of 43 external quality assessments of PCR tests for other RNA viruses found a median false positivity rate of 2.3%.  We have written extensively about how Covid-19 deaths are counted throughout the pandemic. As of 17 June, 127,945 deaths have been recorded within 28 days of a positive Covid test in the UK. It is true, as the post claims, that this total may include some people who died for other reasons, besides Covid. However, it also does not include people who did die of Covid, but died more than 28 days after their first positive test, or people at the start of the pandemic who died of Covid but were not tested. Up to Friday 4 June, 2021, there have been 152,397 fatalities where Covid-19 was mentioned as a cause of death on the death certificate.  The World Health Organisation’s (WHO) guidelines on recording deaths from Covid-19, published in April 2020, states that, for surveillance purposes, a death from Covid-19 is defined as “a death resulting from a clinically compatible illness, in a probable or confirmed Covid-19 case, unless there is a clear alternative cause of death that cannot be related to Covid disease (e.g. trauma)”. It does not, as the post claims, describe a “confirmed” Covid-19 death as any death following a positive test, even without symptoms of Covid-19. It is untrue that over 90% of Covid-19 deaths were in people who had one or more serious pre-existing conditions (or comorbidities, as the post states). Data compiled by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) shows that in England in 2020, 20.7% of Covid-19 deaths in those aged 64 and under and 11.6% of Covid-19 deaths in the over-65s were people who had no pre-existing conditions. In the first quarter of 2021, the most recent data we have, 13% of all people in England and Wales who died of Covid-19 had no pre-existing conditions.  The Facebook post also claims that the average age of death from Covid-19 is 82. This is about right.  The ONS does not publish information on the average age of Covid-19 deaths on a regular basis. However, a response to a Freedom of Information (FOI) request published in January 2021 shows that between the week ending 9 October, 2020, and the week ending January 1, 2021, the median age of deaths involving Covid-19 was 83.  Data published through a different FOI request to the ONS shows that the median age of Covid-19 deaths in England and Wales, up to and including 2 October, 2020, was also 83.  Even so, research suggests that people who die of Covid lose about a decade of life, on average. Claims that Covid-19 has a survival rate of approximately 99.8% have persisted throughout the pandemic and, as we have written before, this is untrue.  We can work this out simply by looking at the sheer number of people who have died. As of 17 June, 152,397 people have died with Covid-19 mentioned as a cause on their death certificate—about 0.23% of the entire UK population.  If only 0.2% of people die from Covid-19 after catching it (which the claimed 99.8% survival rate implies), then everyone in the country must have already been infected. This is almost certainly not the case.  Rising Covid-19 infection rates show that the virus is continuing to spread. This is very unlikely if everyone has already been infected.","https://www.facebook.com/chris.wakefield.31/posts/10219611813712568,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/confirm-details-of-the-cremation-medical-certificate,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8860/,https://twitter.com/ilovepathology/status/1246727191179788288,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/878097/revised-guidance-to-crematorium-medical-referees.pdf#page=7,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-8860/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/988273/Section_58_and_Schedule_28_to_the_Coronavirus_Act_2020.pdf#page=23,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/coronavirus-powers-to-direct-between-burials-and-cremation/,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2020/7/schedule/28/part/4/enacted,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/covid-19-what-proportion-are-asymptomatic/,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32651-9/fulltext,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2774707,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/925128/S0745_Rapid_review_of_asymptomatic_proportion_of_SARS-CoV-2_infections_in_community_settings.pdf,https://fullfact.org/health/cycle-threshold-values/,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-pcr-test-accuracy/,https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/cclm/58/7/article-p1070.xml,https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/coronavirus-testing-basics,https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t1b01H0Jd4hsMU7V1vy70yr8s3jlBedr/view?fbclid=IwAR0L_Iu6wwIVfFlZpykLhDHroS12MHZqO533Uizzc-5ZfUUmALOOjY58he4,https://www.portugalresident.com/judges-in-portugal-highlight-more-than-debatable-reliability-of-covid-tests/,https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=&sl=pt&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dgsi.pt%2Fjtrl.nsf%2F33182fc732316039802565fa00497eec%2F79d6ba338dcbe5e28025861f003e7b30,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf#page=6,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/926410/Understanding_Cycle_Threshold__Ct__in_SARS-CoV-2_RT-PCR_.pdf#page=3,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/895843/S0519_Impact_of_false_positives_and_negatives.pdf#page=2,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://fullfact.org/health/why-you-cant-compare-deaths-after-a-positive-covid-19-test-with-deaths-after-a-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/health/liam-fox-death-figures/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/Guidelines_Cause_of_Death_COVID-19.pdf,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/averageageofthosewhohaddiedwithcovid19,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Covid-19 victims cannot be cremated against their wishes,,,,,,
-30,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-06-18,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/economy/april-2021-trade-figures/,"Imports from the rest of the world rose to £20.1 billion, their highest since records began in 1997.",2021-06-18,fullfact,,"A column in the Daily Express makes a number of claims about the latest trade data published by the Office for National Statistics.  A few of the claims could use more context.  The figures in the Express refer to the UK’s trade deficit (how much more we import than export), excluding precious metals, with the whole world in the three months to April 2021, not just the trade deficit with the EU. This data includes both trade in goods and services.  For April 2021, data on trade with the EU specifically is only available for goods, and not for services, so we don’t yet know the total trade deficit for the EU for April.  However, for goods only (excluding precious metals), it is correct that EU exports rose and EU imports fell in the three months to April 2021, compared to the three months to January 2021. It’s correct that exports from Britain to the EU, excluding precious metals, were valued at £12.9 billion in April 2021. As for the claim that exports were up 10% on pre-Brexit figures, the Express confirmed to Full Fact this was sourced from a Daily Telegraph article which looked at the change from the period “before pre-Brexit stockpiling began to skew figures at the end of last year.”  This refers to stockpiling which took place prior to the end of the transition period specifically rather than any other part of the Brexit process. Exports did increase 10% between July 2020 and April 2021, but, as the ONS notes, trade volumes are incredibly volatile at the moment and these figures don’t entirely represent the wider picture.  Exports fell considerably in spring 2020 as the pandemic took hold, before rebounding through the latter half of the year, partly influenced by stockpiling mentioned. They then fell again in January 2021, partly due to disruption associated with the end of the transition period, before rebounding again. Also, exports in April 2021 are down on the period before the pandemic started, and on the period before Brexit actually happened in January 2020. All but one month from January 2017 to the start of the pandemic saw the UK export more goods to the EU than in April 2021.  It’s correct that the UK is exporting more goods to non-EU countries (£13.6 billion excluding precious metals) than EU countries (£12.9 billion).  It’s also correct that the UK imported £20.1 billion of goods (excluding precious metals) from non-EU countries in April, which was technically the highest level recorded. But these figures represent cash values, and the value of money has decreased over time (inflation). Non-EU imports were higher during large periods of the late 2010s, once adjusted for inflation. Trade data can move quite a lot from month to month and as we’ve said is especially volatile given the effects of the pandemic, and the end of the transition period.  Therefore, it’s worth considering longer trends in trade data alongside month-to-month changes.  Since the mid-2010s the UK’s balance of trade (exports minus imports) for goods and services combined has grown, with the balance even turning positive for a few months, meaning we exported more than we imported.  There have been big swings in recent quarters, but, overall, it appears as if exports are catching up with imports.  Looking back over this period at trade with the EU specifically, the balance is negative (we import more than we export) and reached a low in 2019 after many years of going down, but did increase in 2020. The UK is a net importer of goods from the EU but a net exporter of services.  Over the past decade, exports of goods to non-EU countries have grown more overall than exports to EU countries.","https://www.express.co.uk/comment/expresscomment/1450410/brexit-news-trade-deal-australia-new-visa-food,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/redir/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpbmRleCI6MSwicGFnZVNpemUiOjEwLCJwYWdlIjoxLCJ1cmkiOiIvZWNvbm9teS9uYXRpb25hbGFjY291bnRzL2JhbGFuY2VvZnBheW1lbnRzL2RhdGFzZXRzL3VrdHJhZGVhbGxjb3VudHJpZXNzZWFzb25hbGx5YWRqdXN0ZWQiLCJsaXN0VHlwZSI6InJlbGF0ZWRkYXRhIn0.PEhdfMGEAX6ic9rkVvlKUWZnl_kIySGvDwylFDVWvto,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl4/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/theimpactsofeuexitandthecoronavirusonuktradeingoods/2021-05-25,https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/theimpactsofeuexitandthecoronavirusonuktradeingoods/2021-05-25,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/news/latest/end-brexit-transition,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktraderecordssheet,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktraderecordssheet,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl8/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/redir/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpbmRleCI6NiwicGFnZVNpemUiOjEwLCJwYWdlIjoxLCJ1cmkiOiIvZWNvbm9teS9uYXRpb25hbGFjY291bnRzL2JhbGFuY2VvZnBheW1lbnRzL2RhdGFzZXRzL3VrdHJhZGVyZWNvcmRzc2hlZXQiLCJsaXN0VHlwZSI6InJlbGF0ZWRkYXRhIn0.Jwl5t2Db7T2yAHdTwnqDRcwq3Pbnpd1EAu3J70XRp3k,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktradegoodsandservicespublicationtables,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsid/mret,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/l86i,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl6/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/l86m/ukea,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl7/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl4/diop,https://fullfact.org/economy/george-freeman-africa-eu-tariffs/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/millionaire-pensioners/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/uk-foreign-aid-g7/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/labours-record-on-unemployment/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",April’s trade figures fact checked,,,,,,
-31,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-06-18,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/economy/april-2021-trade-figures/,"Imports from the rest of the world rose to £20.1 billion, their highest since records began in 1997.",2021-06-18,fullfact,,"A column in the Daily Express makes a number of claims about the latest trade data published by the Office for National Statistics.  A few of the claims could use more context.  The figures in the Express refer to the UK’s trade deficit (how much more we import than export), excluding precious metals, with the whole world in the three months to April 2021, not just the trade deficit with the EU. This data includes both trade in goods and services.  For April 2021, data on trade with the EU specifically is only available for goods, and not for services, so we don’t yet know the total trade deficit for the EU for April.  However, for goods only (excluding precious metals), it is correct that EU exports rose and EU imports fell in the three months to April 2021, compared to the three months to January 2021. It’s correct that exports from Britain to the EU, excluding precious metals, were valued at £12.9 billion in April 2021. As for the claim that exports were up 10% on pre-Brexit figures, the Express confirmed to Full Fact this was sourced from a Daily Telegraph article which looked at the change from the period “before pre-Brexit stockpiling began to skew figures at the end of last year.”  This refers to stockpiling which took place prior to the end of the transition period specifically rather than any other part of the Brexit process. Exports did increase 10% between July 2020 and April 2021, but, as the ONS notes, trade volumes are incredibly volatile at the moment and these figures don’t entirely represent the wider picture.  Exports fell considerably in spring 2020 as the pandemic took hold, before rebounding through the latter half of the year, partly influenced by stockpiling mentioned. They then fell again in January 2021, partly due to disruption associated with the end of the transition period, before rebounding again. Also, exports in April 2021 are down on the period before the pandemic started, and on the period before Brexit actually happened in January 2020. All but one month from January 2017 to the start of the pandemic saw the UK export more goods to the EU than in April 2021.  It’s correct that the UK is exporting more goods to non-EU countries (£13.6 billion excluding precious metals) than EU countries (£12.9 billion).  It’s also correct that the UK imported £20.1 billion of goods (excluding precious metals) from non-EU countries in April, which was technically the highest level recorded. But these figures represent cash values, and the value of money has decreased over time (inflation). Non-EU imports were higher during large periods of the late 2010s, once adjusted for inflation. Trade data can move quite a lot from month to month and as we’ve said is especially volatile given the effects of the pandemic, and the end of the transition period.  Therefore, it’s worth considering longer trends in trade data alongside month-to-month changes.  Since the mid-2010s the UK’s balance of trade (exports minus imports) for goods and services combined has grown, with the balance even turning positive for a few months, meaning we exported more than we imported.  There have been big swings in recent quarters, but, overall, it appears as if exports are catching up with imports.  Looking back over this period at trade with the EU specifically, the balance is negative (we import more than we export) and reached a low in 2019 after many years of going down, but did increase in 2020. The UK is a net importer of goods from the EU but a net exporter of services.  Over the past decade, exports of goods to non-EU countries have grown more overall than exports to EU countries.","https://www.express.co.uk/comment/expresscomment/1450410/brexit-news-trade-deal-australia-new-visa-food,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/redir/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpbmRleCI6MSwicGFnZVNpemUiOjEwLCJwYWdlIjoxLCJ1cmkiOiIvZWNvbm9teS9uYXRpb25hbGFjY291bnRzL2JhbGFuY2VvZnBheW1lbnRzL2RhdGFzZXRzL3VrdHJhZGVhbGxjb3VudHJpZXNzZWFzb25hbGx5YWRqdXN0ZWQiLCJsaXN0VHlwZSI6InJlbGF0ZWRkYXRhIn0.PEhdfMGEAX6ic9rkVvlKUWZnl_kIySGvDwylFDVWvto,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl4/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/theimpactsofeuexitandthecoronavirusonuktradeingoods/2021-05-25,https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/theimpactsofeuexitandthecoronavirusonuktradeingoods/2021-05-25,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/news/latest/end-brexit-transition,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktraderecordssheet,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktraderecordssheet,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl8/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/redir/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpbmRleCI6NiwicGFnZVNpemUiOjEwLCJwYWdlIjoxLCJ1cmkiOiIvZWNvbm9teS9uYXRpb25hbGFjY291bnRzL2JhbGFuY2VvZnBheW1lbnRzL2RhdGFzZXRzL3VrdHJhZGVyZWNvcmRzc2hlZXQiLCJsaXN0VHlwZSI6InJlbGF0ZWRkYXRhIn0.Jwl5t2Db7T2yAHdTwnqDRcwq3Pbnpd1EAu3J70XRp3k,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktradegoodsandservicespublicationtables,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsid/mret,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/l86i,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl6/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/l86m/ukea,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl7/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl4/diop,https://fullfact.org/economy/george-freeman-africa-eu-tariffs/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/millionaire-pensioners/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/uk-foreign-aid-g7/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/labours-record-on-unemployment/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",April’s trade figures fact checked,,,,,,
-32,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-06-18,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/economy/april-2021-trade-figures/,"Imports from the rest of the world rose to £20.1 billion, their highest since records began in 1997.",2021-06-18,fullfact,,"A column in the Daily Express makes a number of claims about the latest trade data published by the Office for National Statistics.  A few of the claims could use more context.  The figures in the Express refer to the UK’s trade deficit (how much more we import than export), excluding precious metals, with the whole world in the three months to April 2021, not just the trade deficit with the EU. This data includes both trade in goods and services.  For April 2021, data on trade with the EU specifically is only available for goods, and not for services, so we don’t yet know the total trade deficit for the EU for April.  However, for goods only (excluding precious metals), it is correct that EU exports rose and EU imports fell in the three months to April 2021, compared to the three months to January 2021. It’s correct that exports from Britain to the EU, excluding precious metals, were valued at £12.9 billion in April 2021. As for the claim that exports were up 10% on pre-Brexit figures, the Express confirmed to Full Fact this was sourced from a Daily Telegraph article which looked at the change from the period “before pre-Brexit stockpiling began to skew figures at the end of last year.”  This refers to stockpiling which took place prior to the end of the transition period specifically rather than any other part of the Brexit process. Exports did increase 10% between July 2020 and April 2021, but, as the ONS notes, trade volumes are incredibly volatile at the moment and these figures don’t entirely represent the wider picture.  Exports fell considerably in spring 2020 as the pandemic took hold, before rebounding through the latter half of the year, partly influenced by stockpiling mentioned. They then fell again in January 2021, partly due to disruption associated with the end of the transition period, before rebounding again. Also, exports in April 2021 are down on the period before the pandemic started, and on the period before Brexit actually happened in January 2020. All but one month from January 2017 to the start of the pandemic saw the UK export more goods to the EU than in April 2021.  It’s correct that the UK is exporting more goods to non-EU countries (£13.6 billion excluding precious metals) than EU countries (£12.9 billion).  It’s also correct that the UK imported £20.1 billion of goods (excluding precious metals) from non-EU countries in April, which was technically the highest level recorded. But these figures represent cash values, and the value of money has decreased over time (inflation). Non-EU imports were higher during large periods of the late 2010s, once adjusted for inflation. Trade data can move quite a lot from month to month and as we’ve said is especially volatile given the effects of the pandemic, and the end of the transition period.  Therefore, it’s worth considering longer trends in trade data alongside month-to-month changes.  Since the mid-2010s the UK’s balance of trade (exports minus imports) for goods and services combined has grown, with the balance even turning positive for a few months, meaning we exported more than we imported.  There have been big swings in recent quarters, but, overall, it appears as if exports are catching up with imports.  Looking back over this period at trade with the EU specifically, the balance is negative (we import more than we export) and reached a low in 2019 after many years of going down, but did increase in 2020. The UK is a net importer of goods from the EU but a net exporter of services.  Over the past decade, exports of goods to non-EU countries have grown more overall than exports to EU countries.","https://www.express.co.uk/comment/expresscomment/1450410/brexit-news-trade-deal-australia-new-visa-food,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/redir/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpbmRleCI6MSwicGFnZVNpemUiOjEwLCJwYWdlIjoxLCJ1cmkiOiIvZWNvbm9teS9uYXRpb25hbGFjY291bnRzL2JhbGFuY2VvZnBheW1lbnRzL2RhdGFzZXRzL3VrdHJhZGVhbGxjb3VudHJpZXNzZWFzb25hbGx5YWRqdXN0ZWQiLCJsaXN0VHlwZSI6InJlbGF0ZWRkYXRhIn0.PEhdfMGEAX6ic9rkVvlKUWZnl_kIySGvDwylFDVWvto,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl4/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/theimpactsofeuexitandthecoronavirusonuktradeingoods/2021-05-25,https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/theimpactsofeuexitandthecoronavirusonuktradeingoods/2021-05-25,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/news/latest/end-brexit-transition,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktraderecordssheet,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktraderecordssheet,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl8/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/redir/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpbmRleCI6NiwicGFnZVNpemUiOjEwLCJwYWdlIjoxLCJ1cmkiOiIvZWNvbm9teS9uYXRpb25hbGFjY291bnRzL2JhbGFuY2VvZnBheW1lbnRzL2RhdGFzZXRzL3VrdHJhZGVyZWNvcmRzc2hlZXQiLCJsaXN0VHlwZSI6InJlbGF0ZWRkYXRhIn0.Jwl5t2Db7T2yAHdTwnqDRcwq3Pbnpd1EAu3J70XRp3k,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktradegoodsandservicespublicationtables,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsid/mret,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/l86i,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl6/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/l86m/ukea,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl7/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl4/diop,https://fullfact.org/economy/george-freeman-africa-eu-tariffs/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/millionaire-pensioners/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/uk-foreign-aid-g7/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/labours-record-on-unemployment/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",April’s trade figures fact checked,,,,,,
-33,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-06-18,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/economy/april-2021-trade-figures/,"Imports from the rest of the world rose to £20.1 billion, their highest since records began in 1997.",2021-06-18,fullfact,,"A column in the Daily Express makes a number of claims about the latest trade data published by the Office for National Statistics.  A few of the claims could use more context.  The figures in the Express refer to the UK’s trade deficit (how much more we import than export), excluding precious metals, with the whole world in the three months to April 2021, not just the trade deficit with the EU. This data includes both trade in goods and services.  For April 2021, data on trade with the EU specifically is only available for goods, and not for services, so we don’t yet know the total trade deficit for the EU for April.  However, for goods only (excluding precious metals), it is correct that EU exports rose and EU imports fell in the three months to April 2021, compared to the three months to January 2021. It’s correct that exports from Britain to the EU, excluding precious metals, were valued at £12.9 billion in April 2021. As for the claim that exports were up 10% on pre-Brexit figures, the Express confirmed to Full Fact this was sourced from a Daily Telegraph article which looked at the change from the period “before pre-Brexit stockpiling began to skew figures at the end of last year.”  This refers to stockpiling which took place prior to the end of the transition period specifically rather than any other part of the Brexit process. Exports did increase 10% between July 2020 and April 2021, but, as the ONS notes, trade volumes are incredibly volatile at the moment and these figures don’t entirely represent the wider picture.  Exports fell considerably in spring 2020 as the pandemic took hold, before rebounding through the latter half of the year, partly influenced by stockpiling mentioned. They then fell again in January 2021, partly due to disruption associated with the end of the transition period, before rebounding again. Also, exports in April 2021 are down on the period before the pandemic started, and on the period before Brexit actually happened in January 2020. All but one month from January 2017 to the start of the pandemic saw the UK export more goods to the EU than in April 2021.  It’s correct that the UK is exporting more goods to non-EU countries (£13.6 billion excluding precious metals) than EU countries (£12.9 billion).  It’s also correct that the UK imported £20.1 billion of goods (excluding precious metals) from non-EU countries in April, which was technically the highest level recorded. But these figures represent cash values, and the value of money has decreased over time (inflation). Non-EU imports were higher during large periods of the late 2010s, once adjusted for inflation. Trade data can move quite a lot from month to month and as we’ve said is especially volatile given the effects of the pandemic, and the end of the transition period.  Therefore, it’s worth considering longer trends in trade data alongside month-to-month changes.  Since the mid-2010s the UK’s balance of trade (exports minus imports) for goods and services combined has grown, with the balance even turning positive for a few months, meaning we exported more than we imported.  There have been big swings in recent quarters, but, overall, it appears as if exports are catching up with imports.  Looking back over this period at trade with the EU specifically, the balance is negative (we import more than we export) and reached a low in 2019 after many years of going down, but did increase in 2020. The UK is a net importer of goods from the EU but a net exporter of services.  Over the past decade, exports of goods to non-EU countries have grown more overall than exports to EU countries.","https://www.express.co.uk/comment/expresscomment/1450410/brexit-news-trade-deal-australia-new-visa-food,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/redir/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpbmRleCI6MSwicGFnZVNpemUiOjEwLCJwYWdlIjoxLCJ1cmkiOiIvZWNvbm9teS9uYXRpb25hbGFjY291bnRzL2JhbGFuY2VvZnBheW1lbnRzL2RhdGFzZXRzL3VrdHJhZGVhbGxjb3VudHJpZXNzZWFzb25hbGx5YWRqdXN0ZWQiLCJsaXN0VHlwZSI6InJlbGF0ZWRkYXRhIn0.PEhdfMGEAX6ic9rkVvlKUWZnl_kIySGvDwylFDVWvto,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl4/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/theimpactsofeuexitandthecoronavirusonuktradeingoods/2021-05-25,https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/theimpactsofeuexitandthecoronavirusonuktradeingoods/2021-05-25,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/news/latest/end-brexit-transition,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktraderecordssheet,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktraderecordssheet,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl8/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/redir/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpbmRleCI6NiwicGFnZVNpemUiOjEwLCJwYWdlIjoxLCJ1cmkiOiIvZWNvbm9teS9uYXRpb25hbGFjY291bnRzL2JhbGFuY2VvZnBheW1lbnRzL2RhdGFzZXRzL3VrdHJhZGVyZWNvcmRzc2hlZXQiLCJsaXN0VHlwZSI6InJlbGF0ZWRkYXRhIn0.Jwl5t2Db7T2yAHdTwnqDRcwq3Pbnpd1EAu3J70XRp3k,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/datasets/uktradegoodsandservicespublicationtables,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/bulletins/uktrade/april2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsid/mret,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/l86i,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl6/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/l86m/ukea,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl7/diop,https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/balanceofpayments/timeseries/fsl4/diop,https://fullfact.org/economy/george-freeman-africa-eu-tariffs/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/millionaire-pensioners/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/uk-foreign-aid-g7/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/labours-record-on-unemployment/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",April’s trade figures fact checked,,,,,,
-34,,,,Mixture,Leo Benedictus,2021-06-17,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/economy/uk-foreign-aid-g7/,The UK was the only G7 nation to reduce aid spending in 2020.,2021-06-17,fullfact,,"On Wednesday, opposition parties said the UK is the only country in the G7 to be reducing foreign aid. On Thursday, a New Statesman article said it was the only G7 country that had  reduced aid last year. Earlier in the week, a group of charities had released an open letter, in which they said that “While other G7 countries have stepped up their aid budget, the UK is the only one to have rowed back on its commitments."" Where 2020 is concerned, the claim by the New Statesman is potentially misleading. The supposed “cut” last year was extremely small—from 0.704% of national income to 0.698%—and the UK’s actual aid spending remained much higher than all other G7 countries, except Germany. The picture in 2021 is less clear, in part because we don’t yet know what any country’s total national income will be. The UK does plan a more substantial reduction this year—down to 0.5%—while most other G7 countries appear likely to raise their spending, at least on some measures. There are many different ways to measure how much a country spends on foreign aid. In cash terms, the US is the world’s biggest donor, but the US has a very large economy, so it also has more money to spend. Since 1970, many countries have endorsed a United Nations pledge to spend 0.7% of their Gross National Income (GNI) on aid each year. In practice, they have often failed to do so. The UK has spent almost exactly 0.7% of national income every year since 2013. However, it announced plans last November to reduce this to 0.5% from 2021. Spending 0.5% of national income on aid would be high by the UK’s historic standards, although it breaks a Conservative manifesto pledge and a legal commitment to maintain the level 0.7%. We have written another article that explains this in more detail. The New Statesman claimed in a headline, and on its “Chart of the Day” that “The UK was the only G7 member to cut foreign aid last year”.  This is true, but misleading, because it says nothing about the overall spending levels themselves.   In reality, even while the UK was observing the commitment to spend 0.7% of its income, it did not spend precisely this amount. In 2018, the exact figure was 0.696%; in 2019, it was 0.704%; in 2020, it was 0.698%. This tiny fall of 0.006 percentage points is what the New Statesman chart called a “cut” of $60 “per $1m of GNI”. So the claim is true, but it leaves out the larger picture: that the UK’s aid spending was essentially unchanged in 2020, making it the second-highest donor in the G7, and still spending more than twice as much as Japan, Italy, the US or Canada. The New Statesman did say later in the article: “Britain is also set to be overtaken by France, which last year spent 0.53 per cent, but it will remain ahead of Canada (0.31 per cent), Japan (0.31 per cent), Italy (0.22 per cent) and the US (0.17 per cent).” It is not yet possible to know how much these countries will spend on aid as a proportion of their national income this year. Some projections suggest it will be higher than these figures. The UK’s reduction in aid spending in 2021 will be much larger than it was in 2020. Mr Miliband and Mr Blackford also claimed that it would be the only G7 country reducing aid this year. This appears to be a reference to the planned reduction from 0.7% to 0.5%. When we asked them for the source of the claim that the UK was the only country, Mr Blackford’s office told us that it came from a New Statesman article, but did not specify which one. We can’t find a New Statesman article that makes this claim, and the chart that we’ve already mentioned was published the day after Mr Blackford’s comments, so it’s not quite clear what the source was. We have asked for more clarity on this. Mr Miliband’s office did not reply. Both politicians’ comments resemble a claim made by many charities, academics and universities in an open letter on 6 June, which said: “While other G7 countries have stepped up their aid budget, the UK is the only one to have rowed back on its commitments."" We spoke to Bond, a charity that organised the letter, which told us that this claim is based on the absolute spending on aid by each country. It also cited a research article from January, which says that at least four other G7 countries (France, Germany, Italy, Japan) plan to increase their absolute aid spending in 2021. We have not been able to find clear evidence that the US or Canada plan to raise absolute aid spending in 2021, although there are signs that the US may raise spending in 2022. An increase in absolute spending is also not necessarily an increase in a country’s share of income, if a country earns more in 2021 than it did in 2020. In short, there doesn’t seem to be enough evidence to support Mr MIliband’s or Mr Blackford’s comments, although it is plausible that they will turn out to be true when the evidence arrives.","https://www.newstatesman.com/world/2021/06/uk-was-only-g7-member-cut-foreign-aid-last-year,https://www.bond.org.uk/press-releases/2021/06/uks-words-risk-ringing-hollow-at-g7-unless-aid-cuts-are-reversed-warn,https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/ODA-2020-detailed-summary.pdf,https://www.oecd.org/development/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-standards/the07odagnitarget-ahistory.htm,https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-standards/Evolution%20of%20ODA.pdf#page=23,https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-standards/Evolution%20of%20ODA.pdf#page=22,https://ifs.org.uk/uploads/BN322-The-UK%27s-reduction-in-aid-spending-2.pdf#page=7,https://ifs.org.uk/uploads/BN322-The-UK%27s-reduction-in-aid-spending-2.pdf#page=6,https://data.oecd.org/chart/6pc7,https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/spending-review-2020-speech,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/,https://www.newstatesman.com/world/2021/06/uk-was-only-g7-member-cut-foreign-aid-last-year,https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/aid-at-a-glance.htm,https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/statisticsonresourceflowstodevelopingcountries.htm,https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/,https://donortracker.org/country/france,https://donortracker.org/country/italy,https://www.bond.org.uk/sites/default/files/20210605_letter_to_the_prime_minister_-_g7.pdf,https://www.cgdev.org/publication/overview-impact-proposed-cuts-uk-aid,https://www.devex.com/news/biden-proposes-6-8b-boost-for-us-international-budget-99627,https://fullfact.org/economy/george-freeman-africa-eu-tariffs/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/millionaire-pensioners/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/april-2021-trade-figures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/labours-record-on-unemployment/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content","The UK will cut aid this year, but barely did last year",,,,,,
-35,,,,False,Tom Norton,2021-06-14,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,Vaccine manufacturers have never claimed their vaccines stop transmission of Covid-19.,2021-06-14,fullfact,,"A video interview of conspiracy theorist David Icke, posted on Facebook, makes a number of misleading and dangerous claims about Covid-19 vaccine manufacturers, gene therapy and asymptomatic cases of the virus.  During the video, Mr Icke claims the transmission of Covid-19 through those with asymptomatic cases of the virus is a “hoax” and brands asymptomatic Covid-19 a “load of nonsense”. There is a large amount of evidence that asymptomatic cases not only exist but may have accounted for a huge proportion of total Covid-19 cases. One analysis published in the Lancet in January states that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients are infectious (although may be less so than symptomatic patients). It concluded that “where resources permit, contact tracing should proactively seek people with asymptomatic COVID-19 because they can transmit disease and will need to be contained if a national policy objective is to minimise cases and transmission.” Other analysis has been more forthright – a meta-analysis of eight Chinese studies, published in the Journal of the American Medicine Association, says that transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated in some cases to have accounted for more than half of all Covid-19 transmissions. Mr Icke also claims that Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum said Covid-19 was “an opportunity for a great reset to save the world from human caused climate change” and later states that Covid-19 and climate change are “two hoaxes perpetuated by the same force”.  The basis for this, he says, was a book by Mr Schwab and author Theirry Mallaret called “The Great Reset”. Since its publication in 2020 it has drawn the attention of conspiracy theorists.  The Great Reset (very broadly summarised) discusses how the world’s political, business and social institutions may wish to address pre-existing geo-political concerns, such as global warming, in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic.  In the book Mr Schwab suggests the possibility of creating “long-lasting and wider environmental changes” through changes in behaviours and new activism as society readapts to a world in which it must co-exist with Covid-19. He also provides some evidence of some of the efforts being made by big business and others to achieve this.  However, Mr Schwab also states the pandemic has created significant risk that the climate change agenda could be deprioritised as nations attempt to deal with other pressures caused by the virus.  Mr Schwab states that some economies may even “put aside” concerns about global warming to concentrate on their recovery following Covid-19, which may well include subsidising “fossil-fuel heavy and carbon emitting industries”.  So while Mr Schwab did talk about climate change policy and action in respect of the global recovery from Covid-19, there is nothing to suggest the pandemic was engineered to promote this agenda. Mr Icke also suggests that none of the manufacturers of Covid-19 vaccines are “claiming to stop transmission”. Evidence shows vaccines reduce the risk of infection for those who have been vaccinated, and the risk of people who have been vaccinated from passing on the virus.  While manufacturers of Covid-19 vaccines have not claimed they prevent 100% of transmission, as they do not, evidence suggests the vaccines significantly reduce the risk. Evidence from Public Health England showed that the vaccine reduces the risk of infection by more than 70% which rises to 85% after two weeks.  Other studies have shown recipients of the Pfizer vaccine were 95% less likely to contract Covid-19. For the Moderna vaccine that was 94% and for AstraZeneca it was 76%.  Initial research, covering over a million contacts in the UK, has found that people who became infected three weeks after their first vaccination were between 38% and 49% less likely to pass the virus onto household contacts. This protection appeared from around two weeks after the vaccination, and was regardless of age. We also have repeatedly written about the links between transmission of Covid-19 and vaccines. Mr Icke says plainly at one point that none of the Covid-19 vaccines fulfill the definition of a vaccine but that “they are a gene therapy”. Gene therapy is a technique to treat illnesses by modifying an individuals' genes, for example by replacing a faulty gene with a healthy one. As we have stated before, some of the Covid-19 vaccines contain messenger RNA (mRNA) that codes a protein specific to a pathogen’s surface. This mRNA provides instructions to make the proteins usually found on the surface of the Covid-19 virus. This in turn prompts the body to make Covid-19 antibodies.  However, introduction of mRNA into human cells does not change the DNA of the human cells and if these cells replicate, the mRNA would not be incorporated into the new cells’ genetic information. There are a number of other claims within the video which we’ve already debunked including false claims that that the inventor of PCR said it couldn’t be used to detect infectious diseases, that vaccines make you infertile and that the current Covid-19 vaccines don’t fulfil the definition of what a vaccine is.","https://www.facebook.com/OracleFilmsUK/videos/vb.110226437870353/505147480839056/?type=2&theater,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/covid-19-what-proportion-are-asymptomatic/,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32651-9/fulltext,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2774707,https://www.deseret.com/indepth/2021/1/2/22203108/great-reset-world-economic-forum-politics-conservative-conspiracy-parler-america-first,https://www.deseret.com/indepth/2021/1/2/22203108/great-reset-world-economic-forum-politics-conservative-conspiracy-parler-america-first,http://reparti.free.fr/schwab2020.pdf#page=60,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-real-world-uk-data-shows-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-provides-high-levels-of-protection-from-the-first-dose,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/azd1222-us-phase-iii-primary-analysis-confirms-safety-and-efficacy.html,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-infection-illness/,https://fullfact.org/online/this-morning-vaccines/,https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/cellular-gene-therapy-products/what-gene-therapy,https://fullfact.org/online/rna-vaccine-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/pcr-test-mullis/,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",David Icke makes false claim that vaccines are ‘gene therapy’,,,,,,
-36,,,,False,Tom Norton,2021-06-14,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,Vaccine manufacturers have never claimed their vaccines stop transmission of Covid-19.,2021-06-14,fullfact,,"A video interview of conspiracy theorist David Icke, posted on Facebook, makes a number of misleading and dangerous claims about Covid-19 vaccine manufacturers, gene therapy and asymptomatic cases of the virus.  During the video, Mr Icke claims the transmission of Covid-19 through those with asymptomatic cases of the virus is a “hoax” and brands asymptomatic Covid-19 a “load of nonsense”. There is a large amount of evidence that asymptomatic cases not only exist but may have accounted for a huge proportion of total Covid-19 cases. One analysis published in the Lancet in January states that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients are infectious (although may be less so than symptomatic patients). It concluded that “where resources permit, contact tracing should proactively seek people with asymptomatic COVID-19 because they can transmit disease and will need to be contained if a national policy objective is to minimise cases and transmission.” Other analysis has been more forthright – a meta-analysis of eight Chinese studies, published in the Journal of the American Medicine Association, says that transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated in some cases to have accounted for more than half of all Covid-19 transmissions. Mr Icke also claims that Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum said Covid-19 was “an opportunity for a great reset to save the world from human caused climate change” and later states that Covid-19 and climate change are “two hoaxes perpetuated by the same force”.  The basis for this, he says, was a book by Mr Schwab and author Theirry Mallaret called “The Great Reset”. Since its publication in 2020 it has drawn the attention of conspiracy theorists.  The Great Reset (very broadly summarised) discusses how the world’s political, business and social institutions may wish to address pre-existing geo-political concerns, such as global warming, in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic.  In the book Mr Schwab suggests the possibility of creating “long-lasting and wider environmental changes” through changes in behaviours and new activism as society readapts to a world in which it must co-exist with Covid-19. He also provides some evidence of some of the efforts being made by big business and others to achieve this.  However, Mr Schwab also states the pandemic has created significant risk that the climate change agenda could be deprioritised as nations attempt to deal with other pressures caused by the virus.  Mr Schwab states that some economies may even “put aside” concerns about global warming to concentrate on their recovery following Covid-19, which may well include subsidising “fossil-fuel heavy and carbon emitting industries”.  So while Mr Schwab did talk about climate change policy and action in respect of the global recovery from Covid-19, there is nothing to suggest the pandemic was engineered to promote this agenda. Mr Icke also suggests that none of the manufacturers of Covid-19 vaccines are “claiming to stop transmission”. Evidence shows vaccines reduce the risk of infection for those who have been vaccinated, and the risk of people who have been vaccinated from passing on the virus.  While manufacturers of Covid-19 vaccines have not claimed they prevent 100% of transmission, as they do not, evidence suggests the vaccines significantly reduce the risk. Evidence from Public Health England showed that the vaccine reduces the risk of infection by more than 70% which rises to 85% after two weeks.  Other studies have shown recipients of the Pfizer vaccine were 95% less likely to contract Covid-19. For the Moderna vaccine that was 94% and for AstraZeneca it was 76%.  Initial research, covering over a million contacts in the UK, has found that people who became infected three weeks after their first vaccination were between 38% and 49% less likely to pass the virus onto household contacts. This protection appeared from around two weeks after the vaccination, and was regardless of age. We also have repeatedly written about the links between transmission of Covid-19 and vaccines. Mr Icke says plainly at one point that none of the Covid-19 vaccines fulfill the definition of a vaccine but that “they are a gene therapy”. Gene therapy is a technique to treat illnesses by modifying an individuals' genes, for example by replacing a faulty gene with a healthy one. As we have stated before, some of the Covid-19 vaccines contain messenger RNA (mRNA) that codes a protein specific to a pathogen’s surface. This mRNA provides instructions to make the proteins usually found on the surface of the Covid-19 virus. This in turn prompts the body to make Covid-19 antibodies.  However, introduction of mRNA into human cells does not change the DNA of the human cells and if these cells replicate, the mRNA would not be incorporated into the new cells’ genetic information. There are a number of other claims within the video which we’ve already debunked including false claims that that the inventor of PCR said it couldn’t be used to detect infectious diseases, that vaccines make you infertile and that the current Covid-19 vaccines don’t fulfil the definition of what a vaccine is.","https://www.facebook.com/OracleFilmsUK/videos/vb.110226437870353/505147480839056/?type=2&theater,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/covid-19-what-proportion-are-asymptomatic/,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32651-9/fulltext,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2774707,https://www.deseret.com/indepth/2021/1/2/22203108/great-reset-world-economic-forum-politics-conservative-conspiracy-parler-america-first,https://www.deseret.com/indepth/2021/1/2/22203108/great-reset-world-economic-forum-politics-conservative-conspiracy-parler-america-first,http://reparti.free.fr/schwab2020.pdf#page=60,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-real-world-uk-data-shows-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-provides-high-levels-of-protection-from-the-first-dose,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/azd1222-us-phase-iii-primary-analysis-confirms-safety-and-efficacy.html,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-infection-illness/,https://fullfact.org/online/this-morning-vaccines/,https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/cellular-gene-therapy-products/what-gene-therapy,https://fullfact.org/online/rna-vaccine-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/pcr-test-mullis/,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",David Icke makes false claim that vaccines are ‘gene therapy’,,,,,,
-37,,,,False,Tom Norton,2021-06-14,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-makes-false-claim-that-vaccines-are-gene-therapy/,Vaccine manufacturers have never claimed their vaccines stop transmission of Covid-19.,2021-06-14,fullfact,,"A video interview of conspiracy theorist David Icke, posted on Facebook, makes a number of misleading and dangerous claims about Covid-19 vaccine manufacturers, gene therapy and asymptomatic cases of the virus.  During the video, Mr Icke claims the transmission of Covid-19 through those with asymptomatic cases of the virus is a “hoax” and brands asymptomatic Covid-19 a “load of nonsense”. There is a large amount of evidence that asymptomatic cases not only exist but may have accounted for a huge proportion of total Covid-19 cases. One analysis published in the Lancet in January states that asymptomatic Covid-19 patients are infectious (although may be less so than symptomatic patients). It concluded that “where resources permit, contact tracing should proactively seek people with asymptomatic COVID-19 because they can transmit disease and will need to be contained if a national policy objective is to minimise cases and transmission.” Other analysis has been more forthright – a meta-analysis of eight Chinese studies, published in the Journal of the American Medicine Association, says that transmission from asymptomatic individuals was estimated in some cases to have accounted for more than half of all Covid-19 transmissions. Mr Icke also claims that Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum said Covid-19 was “an opportunity for a great reset to save the world from human caused climate change” and later states that Covid-19 and climate change are “two hoaxes perpetuated by the same force”.  The basis for this, he says, was a book by Mr Schwab and author Theirry Mallaret called “The Great Reset”. Since its publication in 2020 it has drawn the attention of conspiracy theorists.  The Great Reset (very broadly summarised) discusses how the world’s political, business and social institutions may wish to address pre-existing geo-political concerns, such as global warming, in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic.  In the book Mr Schwab suggests the possibility of creating “long-lasting and wider environmental changes” through changes in behaviours and new activism as society readapts to a world in which it must co-exist with Covid-19. He also provides some evidence of some of the efforts being made by big business and others to achieve this.  However, Mr Schwab also states the pandemic has created significant risk that the climate change agenda could be deprioritised as nations attempt to deal with other pressures caused by the virus.  Mr Schwab states that some economies may even “put aside” concerns about global warming to concentrate on their recovery following Covid-19, which may well include subsidising “fossil-fuel heavy and carbon emitting industries”.  So while Mr Schwab did talk about climate change policy and action in respect of the global recovery from Covid-19, there is nothing to suggest the pandemic was engineered to promote this agenda. Mr Icke also suggests that none of the manufacturers of Covid-19 vaccines are “claiming to stop transmission”. Evidence shows vaccines reduce the risk of infection for those who have been vaccinated, and the risk of people who have been vaccinated from passing on the virus.  While manufacturers of Covid-19 vaccines have not claimed they prevent 100% of transmission, as they do not, evidence suggests the vaccines significantly reduce the risk. Evidence from Public Health England showed that the vaccine reduces the risk of infection by more than 70% which rises to 85% after two weeks.  Other studies have shown recipients of the Pfizer vaccine were 95% less likely to contract Covid-19. For the Moderna vaccine that was 94% and for AstraZeneca it was 76%.  Initial research, covering over a million contacts in the UK, has found that people who became infected three weeks after their first vaccination were between 38% and 49% less likely to pass the virus onto household contacts. This protection appeared from around two weeks after the vaccination, and was regardless of age. We also have repeatedly written about the links between transmission of Covid-19 and vaccines. Mr Icke says plainly at one point that none of the Covid-19 vaccines fulfill the definition of a vaccine but that “they are a gene therapy”. Gene therapy is a technique to treat illnesses by modifying an individuals' genes, for example by replacing a faulty gene with a healthy one. As we have stated before, some of the Covid-19 vaccines contain messenger RNA (mRNA) that codes a protein specific to a pathogen’s surface. This mRNA provides instructions to make the proteins usually found on the surface of the Covid-19 virus. This in turn prompts the body to make Covid-19 antibodies.  However, introduction of mRNA into human cells does not change the DNA of the human cells and if these cells replicate, the mRNA would not be incorporated into the new cells’ genetic information. There are a number of other claims within the video which we’ve already debunked including false claims that that the inventor of PCR said it couldn’t be used to detect infectious diseases, that vaccines make you infertile and that the current Covid-19 vaccines don’t fulfil the definition of what a vaccine is.","https://www.facebook.com/OracleFilmsUK/videos/vb.110226437870353/505147480839056/?type=2&theater,https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/198833/whole-town-study-reveals-more-than-40/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03141-3,https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/covid-19-what-proportion-are-asymptomatic/,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32651-9/fulltext,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2774707,https://www.deseret.com/indepth/2021/1/2/22203108/great-reset-world-economic-forum-politics-conservative-conspiracy-parler-america-first,https://www.deseret.com/indepth/2021/1/2/22203108/great-reset-world-economic-forum-politics-conservative-conspiracy-parler-america-first,http://reparti.free.fr/schwab2020.pdf#page=60,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-real-world-uk-data-shows-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-provides-high-levels-of-protection-from-the-first-dose,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/azd1222-us-phase-iii-primary-analysis-confirms-safety-and-efficacy.html,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-infection-illness/,https://fullfact.org/online/this-morning-vaccines/,https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/cellular-gene-therapy-products/what-gene-therapy,https://fullfact.org/online/rna-vaccine-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/pcr-test-mullis/,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",David Icke makes false claim that vaccines are ‘gene therapy’,,,,,,
-38,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-06-11,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-midazolam/,There's no evidence there is a Covid-19 virus. The illusion of it has been manifested by using a fake test and fraudulent death certificates.,2021-06-11,fullfact,,"Conspiracy theorist David Icke has released a long  video that has been shared on social media, talking about the use of a drug called midazolam during the Covid-19 pandemic. He claims that midazolam was used to facilitate the “culling of old people”, and that Covid-19 is a faked pandemic used as a guise to allow this.  He also claims that tests for Covid-19 are “fake” and death certificates issued during the pandemic are fraudulent.  There is no evidence for any of these claims. Covid-19 is the disease caused by the SARS-Cov-2 virus. We have written many times before about the Covid-19 pandemic, and the evidence behind proof of its existence. It has been isolated many times, been recognised worldwide and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation in March 2020. We also know that tests for Covid-19 are largely accurate. We have written more about tests for Covid-19 previously.  There has been some controversy around the way that deaths from Covid-19 have been recorded. Sometimes death tolls count anybody who has died within 28 days of a positive test for Covid-19. Others, however, only include deaths which have Covid-19 recorded as the cause of death on the death certificate by a doctor (the government’s Covid-19 dashboard includes both of these tolls).  Up until the week ending 28 May 2021, the Office for National Statistics data shows there have been 138,367 deaths in England and Wales involving Covid-19 (where Covid-19 is mentioned anywhere on the death certificate), and 123,717 with Covid-19 documented as the underlying cause of death on the death certificate. As of April 2021, there were approximately 42,341 deaths of care home residents involving Covid-19 in England and Wales. This is an approximate figure, as testing availability in the community was variable, particularly during the first wave.  Midazolam is a type of benzodiazepine medication, used as a conscious sedative, anaesthetic agent, anticonvulsant and is also licensed to help manage restlessness and agitation in palliative care.  Midazolam is often prescribed as an ‘anticipatory medication’. These are medications that are prescribed in advance for patients who are nearing the end of life should they experience any common and unpleasant symptoms such as anxiety, pain, nausea and vomiting associated with the dying process. They do not necessarily have to be used, and should be given ‘as required’.  Midazolam can also be used more generally for patients who are not nearing end of life, and for sedation for certain medical procedures.  There is no evidence that midazolam was being used with the intention of ending care home residents’ lives, or that this was a formal policy.  The Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) told Full Fact: “These claims are deeply misleading. The government’s top priority throughout this pandemic has always been doing everything possible to save lives.” Euthanasia remains illegal in the UK.  During the Covid-19 pandemic, the government did stockpile certain medications, including midazolam.  DHSC told Full Fact: “COVID-19 has brought about an increase in global and UK demand for a number of medicines, including midazolam to support patients in intensive care or at the end of their lives.” In his video post, Mr Icke says that the UK supplemented stocks by getting midazolam from France. A DHSC spokesperson previously told Full Fact that: “To manage increases in demand, we have been building UK stockpiles of key medicines, including midazolam. “All of the Midazolam purchased for the UK Covid-19 medicines stockpile was sourced within the UK, has been licensed for use in the UK and was destined for the UK market.” There has been some confusion around where the stock came from, as an article published in the Pharmaceutical Journal in May 2020, in which the DHSC reportedly confirmed that “some French label stock” of midazolam was being sold in the UK. It is unclear whether this stock had already reached France or had been produced and held in the UK. We have written more about this previously.  In the video, Mr Icke suggests that the use of midazolam, and practices around end of life care are a return to the Liverpool Care Pathway, which was abolished in 2014.  The Liverpool Care Pathway (LCP) was a generic approach to care for the dying, intended to improve end of life care and allow some of the essentials of palliative medicine and hospice model end of life practices into hospitals and other healthcare settings.  It became controversial and was criticised by patient and family groups, media and by some medical professionals who referenced cases where individuals had been ‘put on’ the pathway without consent or discussion and where the pathway had been used as an excuse for depersonalised and substandard care. Complaints included anger around medications being stopped, patients not being offered food and drink, or being inappropriately identified as dying. There were also criticisms that the use of the LCP had hastened people’s deaths through over-prescription of painkillers and/or the withdrawal of hydration or nutrition.  This led to an independent review in 2013, which concluded that although the principles behind the LCP could promote good practice and prevent suffering at the end of life, there had been failings. It was recommended that the LCP be replaced by an individualised end of life care plan for each patient. The review also recommended structural change, education, planning and inspection around end of life care.  Therefore, while midazolam was included as a symptom control option in the LCP, its use has continued as a tenet of good end of life care.  There is no evidence that the LCP has been reinstated. DHSC confirmed that it is not aware of any trusts using the LCP since it was phased out, and NHS England is clear that the LCP must not be used.","https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1053552418504543,https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19,https://fullfact.org/health/Covid-isolated-virus/,https://fullfact.org/health/antivax-video-march-2021/,https://fullfact.org/online/coronavirus-textbook-1989-common-cold/,https://fullfact.org/health/colds-flu-second-wave/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-is-not-flu/,https://fullfact.org/health/antivax-video-march-2021/,https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020,https://fullfact.org/online/screenshot-false-positive-rate-viruses-exist/,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-pcr-test-accuracy/,https://fullfact.org/health/cycle-threshold-values/,https://fullfact.org/health/lateral-flow/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19/latestinsights#deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/latest,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/latest,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/articles/deathsinvolvingcovid19inthecaresectorenglandandwales/deathsregisteredbetweenweekending20march2020andweekending2april2021,https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drug/midazolam.html,https://www.mariecurie.org.uk/professionals/palliative-care-knowledge-zone/symptom-control/anticipatory-medicines,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/euthanasia-and-assisted-suicide/,https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/news/supplies-of-sedative-used-for-covid-19-patients-diverted-from-france-to-avoid-potential-shortages,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/212450/Liverpool_Care_Pathway.pdf#page=6,https://www.mariecurie.org.uk/media/press-releases/marie-curie-welcomes-recommendations-of-liverpool-care-pathway-review/103369,https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/end-of-life-and-palliative-care/what-is-the-liverpool-care-pathway-08-11-2012/,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5963294/pdf/wellcomeopenres-3-15857.pdf,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/212450/Liverpool_Care_Pathway.pdf#page=3,https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/end-of-life-and-palliative-care/what-is-the-liverpool-care-pathway-08-11-2012/,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5963294/pdf/wellcomeopenres-3-15857.pdf,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/212450/Liverpool_Care_Pathway.pdf#page=4,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2364029/How-Liverpool-Care-Pathway-used-excuse-appalling-care.html,https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2223286/Hospitals-bribed-patients-pathway-death-Cash-incentive-NHS-trusts-meet-targets-Liverpool-Care-Pathway.html,https://www.compassionindying.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/IN05-What-happened-to-the-Liverpool-Care-Pathway.pdf#page=1,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/212450/Liverpool_Care_Pathway.pdf,https://www.palliativedrugs.com/download/08_06_LCP_renalprescribing.pdf%60#page=7,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Covid-19 is real and not a government euthanasia policy,,,,,,
-39,,,,True,Leo Benedictus,2021-06-10,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/,The present government has spent more on foreign aid than any previous Labour government.,2021-06-10,fullfact,,"On Wednesday, the Prime Minister said that this government has spent more on aid than Labour governments did in the past. He also said that the government was continuing to spend more—even with its planned reduction of the aid budget from 0.7% to 0.5% of national income. This is essentially true, with some minor caveats. Since the late 2000s, the UK has spent much more on foreign aid than it used to—both in terms of cash, and as a share of the national income. So the Conservative-led governments since 2010 have certainly spent more on aid than any previous Labour government, and more than any previous Conservative government too. This partly reflects the UK’s commitment, along with many other countries, to the United Nations target of spending 0.7% of national income on foreign aid every year. In practice, countries often do not live up to this.The UK has met the 0.7% aid target every year since 2013, however, and in 2015 the Conservative-led coalition government made doing so a legal requirement. This usually means spending more on aid each year, as the national income grows, but in 2020 it’s expected to mean spending less in cash terms, because the national income fell during the pandemic. Maintaining the 0.7% commitment was also a pledge in the Conservatives’ 2019 general election manifesto. In November 2020, however, the government announced that it would reduce the target to 0.5% for a period, while finances recover from the pandemic. “Our intention is to return to 0.7% when the fiscal situation allows,” the Chancellor, Rishi Sunak, said. The new target will substantially reduce the amount of aid spending. Although even at 0.5% of national income, it will be higher than it generally was before 2006. Mr Johnson’s claim that “we continue to spend more than Labour ever did” is therefore accurate if you compare sustained periods of government—although Labour did spend 0.51% of national income on foreign aid in two single years: 2006 and 2009.","https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/spending-review-2020-speech,https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/statistics-on-international-development-final-uk-aid-spend-2019,https://www.oecd.org/development/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-standards/the07odagnitarget-ahistory.htm,https://ifs.org.uk/uploads/BN322-The-UK%27s-reduction-in-aid-spending-2.pdf#page=7,https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/sn03714/,https://assets-global.website-files.com/5da42e2cae7ebd3f8bde353c/5dda924905da587992a064ba_Conservative%202019%20Manifesto.pdf#page=55,https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/spending-review-2020-speech,https://fullfact.org/economy/george-freeman-africa-eu-tariffs/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/millionaire-pensioners/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/april-2021-trade-figures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/uk-foreign-aid-g7/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/labours-record-on-unemployment/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Boris Johnson was broadly right about aid spending,,,,,,
-40,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-06-04,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Piers-Corbyn-wrong-covid-vaccine-figures/,"Covid-19 vaccines have caused 859,481 adverse reactions.",2021-06-04,fullfact,,"A Facebook post by Piers Corbyn claims that a Channel 4 documentary “The Anti-Vax Conspiracy” failed to highlight deaths from and adverse reactions to Covid-19 vaccines in the UK. But some of the points he makes are not accurate.  The Yellow Card scheme is “the UK system for collecting and monitoring information on safety concerns such as suspected side effects or adverse incidents involving medicines and medical devices.” It relies on voluntary reporting from medics and members of the public, and is intended to provide an early warning of any previously unknown risks. Using the latest statistics when the statement was posted, there were 246,970 adverse reaction reports made to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), among which there were 857,323 suspected reactions (a single report may contain more than one symptom).  However, as we have stated before, while the Yellow Card scheme records reported adverse reactions following vaccination, it does not mean the vaccines are necessarily the cause of  these reactions.  While the MHRA monitors the effects of the vaccines, it has noted the number and nature of Yellow Card reports is “not unusual for a new vaccine for which members of the public and healthcare professionals are encouraged to report any suspected adverse reaction.” The MHRA notes that the “overwhelming majority” of these reports are of injection site reactions that are “not associated with more serious or lasting illness” which “reflect the acute immune response triggered by the body to the vaccines, are typically seen with most types of vaccine and tend to resolve within a day or two.” Out of the 857,323 suspected reactions, 1,400 include more serious potential side effects such as anaphylaxis, blood clots and capillary leak syndrome (a rare but potentially fatal condition where blood leaks from the small blood vessels into the body). Again, this does not mean that the vaccine caused them. There have been 1,213 reported deaths within seven days of vaccination. Although Mr Corbyn gave the correct number, he was wrong to say these were all caused by the vaccines. The MHRA’s report states: “The majority of these reports were in elderly people or people with underlying illness.” The MHRA states that individual reviews have (so far) found no link between these deaths and the vaccine.  Mr Corbyn also claimed people are more likely to die from Covid-19 vaccines than from Covid-19. This is clearly untrue, as at least 123,647 people have already died of Covid in England and Wales so far. Even if everyone in England and Wales had been infected with Covid, this would still make it much more dangerous than vaccination.  Mr Corbyn claims in his post there is a 99.97% survival rate for Covid-19. We’ve written before about how European estimates (i.e. estimates in countries with similar age profiles and healthcare quality as the UK) put the fatality rate at somewhere between 0.5% and 1%, meaning the “survival rate” could be somewhere between 99% and 99.5%. But precise estimates for the UK are difficult to make, because we don’t know how many people have caught Covid, and therefore what proportion have survived.","https://www.facebook.com/stopnewnormaluk/posts/297520508757540,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/the-yellow-card-scheme/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/989946/Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting_19.05.21.pdf,https://fullfact.org/online/yellow-card-astrazeneca-reactions/,https://fullfact.org/online/460-vaccine-deaths-yellow-card/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/991132/Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting_26_05.pdf#page=14,https://www.ons.gov.uk/visualisations/dvc1399/fig2/datadownload.xlsx,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-ifr-more-01/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Piers Corbyn makes misleading claims about vaccine deaths,,,,,,
-41,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-06-04,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/MHRA-yellow-card-poster/,Yellow Card data will allow the vaccines to move out of the phase 3 clinical trials and be granted full approval.,2021-06-04,fullfact,,"A poster which has been made to look like it comes from the Medical and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has been shared on social media, and asks people to report any side effects from Covid-19 vaccines. Full Fact readers have asked us whether the poster is genuine, but it is not.   The poster talks about the importance of the Yellow Card scheme, which is the UK system for collecting reports of safety concerns such as potential side effects involving medical devices and medicines, including vaccines.   It claims that Yellow Card reports are essential to ensure the Covid-19 vaccines are safe and effective and will enable the vaccines to move out of phase 3 clinical trials and be granted “full approval”.  However, these claims are not entirely true. The poster is a pretty good imitation of similar graphics published by the MHRA but there are still some clues which suggest that it might not be genuine. Doing a Google image search for “MHRA Coronavirus (Covid-19) vaccine injury report scheme” returned very similar graphics to the fake one. These images led to a legitimate MHRA webpage which linked to various resources for its “Every report counts campaign”, including posters. However, none of the posters or images there matched the image we’re checking.  And while the style was quite similar (using the same graphics of people and colour scheme), there were some key differences.  The real posters use a slightly different typeface and the MHRA’s logo looks different in the fabricated poster. There is also a grammatical error in the fake poster.   The MHRA confirmed to Full Fact that the image on social media did not come from them. The claims made in the fake poster are also not entirely accurate. It is true that the MHRA has launched a campaign promoting the Yellow Card scheme, and it is important people report suspected side effects from vaccines so they can be investigated. But the fake poster then says: “This [data] will allow [the vaccines] to move out of the phase 3 clinical trials and be granted full approval by the European Medical Agency as it currently only has temporary approval by the MHRA.” This doesn’t accurately represent how vaccine approval works nor the place of Yellow Card reports in the process.  Vaccines, like other drugs, go through a number of stages before being released.  Before human trials, vaccines must be shown to be safe and effective in animals. Then, phase 1 trials among up to 100 adults are focused on making sure the vaccine has no major safety concerns, and to work out the most effective dose. Phase 2 trials involve a few hundred participants and are more focused on checking the vaccine works consistently, and starting to look for any side effects. Phase 3 trials are then conducted among, typically, thousands of participants and are used to gather statistically significant and robust data on a vaccine’s safety and efficacy.  Following phase 3, the vaccine manufacturer can submit all their data to the regulatory body (which in the UK is the MHRA) which will then decide whether to licence the vaccine. The four Covid-19 vaccines approved for use in the UK (Oxford-AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna and Janssen) have all published data from their phase 3 trials demonstrating they are safe and effective. Participants in these trials are being monitored for the next few years, but it’s wrong to suggest that Yellow Card reports are needed for the vaccines to “move out of the phase 3 clinical trials.”  It is also wrong to suggest, as some on social media have done, that because these trials are ongoing, people who take the vaccines are themselves in clinical trials. Some drugs also go through trials after being fully rolled out, known as phase 4 trials, which don’t mean that people regularly prescribed them are in clinical trials themselves.  Analysis of the Yellow Card reports so far shows that, other than well-known, temporary, mild and moderate side effects, such as fatigue, the risk of serious illness is very low. One possible link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and a rare blood clot has been identified. The latest data shows around one in 400,000 people who have been given a dose of the vaccine have died of one of these blood clots in the UK.  The poster claims the vaccines have received “temporary approval” which is essentially correct.  The Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines have received temporary authorisation via regulation 174 of the Human Medicines Regulation 2012, while the Moderna and Janssen vaccines have received “conditional marketing authorisation”, a type of licence.  We’ve written about the different types of authorisation for vaccines before.  Normally, vaccines go through a process to obtain marketing authorisation (also known as a licence). In certain scenarios, however, for example in response to “pathogenic agents”, the MHRA may use different types of authorisation. Regulation 174 temporary authorisations are triggered by the government, rather than applied for by the drug company, and authorise the emergency supply of an unlicensed medicine in response to an unmet public health need. The process doesn’t allow them to be turned into full permanent licenses, although that doesn’t stop Pfizer or AstraZeneca applying for a license for their vaccines in the future. A conditional marketing authorisation, as held by Moderna and Janssen for their Covid vaccines, is applied for by the company in question. It is also a form of temporary authorisation, but can be converted into a full, permanent marketing authorisation, or licence.   The MHRA has previously told Full Fact that temporary authorisation and conditional marketing authorisations are “regulatory tools that enable medicines to be approved at the earliest time possible during an emergency situation, as soon as there are robust data to show that the benefits outweigh the risks” and added that no vaccine would be authorised in this way “unless the expected high standards are met”.","https://twitter.com/BluesManV2/status/1398551917840711685,https://www.facebook.com/ANHInternational/photos/a.867511463290190/5491771804197443,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/the-yellow-card-scheme/,https://www.google.com/search?q=MHRA+Coronavirus+(Covid-19)+vaccine+injury+report+scheme&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiNgsWEsfvwAhWzDWMBHd72DaYQ_AUoAnoECAEQBA&biw=1536&bih=722#imgrc=A5obLUBDLxp27M,https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/,https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/campaignpage,https://downloads.ctfassets.net/58vt0wp5xpi9/1cq6VCa1c0MwC7uXmAtF2N/b6a4b3853a9362b475017cf225628ed6/A4_Poster_EveryReportCounts-1-.pdf,https://images.ctfassets.net/58vt0wp5xpi9/7p797fj8tVdb7aXCHbhjGw/2d85aecf0c19caa879531effb26583fd/Email_Signature_Version-1_ERC-1-.png,https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/campaignpage,https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32661-1/fulltext,https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2034577,https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2035389,https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2101544,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04516746?term=NCT04516746&draw=2&rank=1,https://twitter.com/BluesManV2/status/1398551917840711685,https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#analysis-of-data,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-uk-recipients-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-uk-recipients-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2012/1916/regulation/174/made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/summary-of-the-public-assessment-report-for-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2012/1916/made/data.pdf#page=35,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/access-to-treatment/how-are-drugs-licensed-in-the-uk,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/access-to-treatment/how-are-drugs-licensed-in-the-uk,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2012/1916/regulation/174/made,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Poster about Yellow Card scheme is not real,,,,,,
-42,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-06-04,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/MHRA-yellow-card-poster/,Yellow Card data will allow the vaccines to move out of the phase 3 clinical trials and be granted full approval.,2021-06-04,fullfact,,"A poster which has been made to look like it comes from the Medical and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has been shared on social media, and asks people to report any side effects from Covid-19 vaccines. Full Fact readers have asked us whether the poster is genuine, but it is not.   The poster talks about the importance of the Yellow Card scheme, which is the UK system for collecting reports of safety concerns such as potential side effects involving medical devices and medicines, including vaccines.   It claims that Yellow Card reports are essential to ensure the Covid-19 vaccines are safe and effective and will enable the vaccines to move out of phase 3 clinical trials and be granted “full approval”.  However, these claims are not entirely true. The poster is a pretty good imitation of similar graphics published by the MHRA but there are still some clues which suggest that it might not be genuine. Doing a Google image search for “MHRA Coronavirus (Covid-19) vaccine injury report scheme” returned very similar graphics to the fake one. These images led to a legitimate MHRA webpage which linked to various resources for its “Every report counts campaign”, including posters. However, none of the posters or images there matched the image we’re checking.  And while the style was quite similar (using the same graphics of people and colour scheme), there were some key differences.  The real posters use a slightly different typeface and the MHRA’s logo looks different in the fabricated poster. There is also a grammatical error in the fake poster.   The MHRA confirmed to Full Fact that the image on social media did not come from them. The claims made in the fake poster are also not entirely accurate. It is true that the MHRA has launched a campaign promoting the Yellow Card scheme, and it is important people report suspected side effects from vaccines so they can be investigated. But the fake poster then says: “This [data] will allow [the vaccines] to move out of the phase 3 clinical trials and be granted full approval by the European Medical Agency as it currently only has temporary approval by the MHRA.” This doesn’t accurately represent how vaccine approval works nor the place of Yellow Card reports in the process.  Vaccines, like other drugs, go through a number of stages before being released.  Before human trials, vaccines must be shown to be safe and effective in animals. Then, phase 1 trials among up to 100 adults are focused on making sure the vaccine has no major safety concerns, and to work out the most effective dose. Phase 2 trials involve a few hundred participants and are more focused on checking the vaccine works consistently, and starting to look for any side effects. Phase 3 trials are then conducted among, typically, thousands of participants and are used to gather statistically significant and robust data on a vaccine’s safety and efficacy.  Following phase 3, the vaccine manufacturer can submit all their data to the regulatory body (which in the UK is the MHRA) which will then decide whether to licence the vaccine. The four Covid-19 vaccines approved for use in the UK (Oxford-AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna and Janssen) have all published data from their phase 3 trials demonstrating they are safe and effective. Participants in these trials are being monitored for the next few years, but it’s wrong to suggest that Yellow Card reports are needed for the vaccines to “move out of the phase 3 clinical trials.”  It is also wrong to suggest, as some on social media have done, that because these trials are ongoing, people who take the vaccines are themselves in clinical trials. Some drugs also go through trials after being fully rolled out, known as phase 4 trials, which don’t mean that people regularly prescribed them are in clinical trials themselves.  Analysis of the Yellow Card reports so far shows that, other than well-known, temporary, mild and moderate side effects, such as fatigue, the risk of serious illness is very low. One possible link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and a rare blood clot has been identified. The latest data shows around one in 400,000 people who have been given a dose of the vaccine have died of one of these blood clots in the UK.  The poster claims the vaccines have received “temporary approval” which is essentially correct.  The Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines have received temporary authorisation via regulation 174 of the Human Medicines Regulation 2012, while the Moderna and Janssen vaccines have received “conditional marketing authorisation”, a type of licence.  We’ve written about the different types of authorisation for vaccines before.  Normally, vaccines go through a process to obtain marketing authorisation (also known as a licence). In certain scenarios, however, for example in response to “pathogenic agents”, the MHRA may use different types of authorisation. Regulation 174 temporary authorisations are triggered by the government, rather than applied for by the drug company, and authorise the emergency supply of an unlicensed medicine in response to an unmet public health need. The process doesn’t allow them to be turned into full permanent licenses, although that doesn’t stop Pfizer or AstraZeneca applying for a license for their vaccines in the future. A conditional marketing authorisation, as held by Moderna and Janssen for their Covid vaccines, is applied for by the company in question. It is also a form of temporary authorisation, but can be converted into a full, permanent marketing authorisation, or licence.   The MHRA has previously told Full Fact that temporary authorisation and conditional marketing authorisations are “regulatory tools that enable medicines to be approved at the earliest time possible during an emergency situation, as soon as there are robust data to show that the benefits outweigh the risks” and added that no vaccine would be authorised in this way “unless the expected high standards are met”.","https://twitter.com/BluesManV2/status/1398551917840711685,https://www.facebook.com/ANHInternational/photos/a.867511463290190/5491771804197443,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/the-yellow-card-scheme/,https://www.google.com/search?q=MHRA+Coronavirus+(Covid-19)+vaccine+injury+report+scheme&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiNgsWEsfvwAhWzDWMBHd72DaYQ_AUoAnoECAEQBA&biw=1536&bih=722#imgrc=A5obLUBDLxp27M,https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/,https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/campaignpage,https://downloads.ctfassets.net/58vt0wp5xpi9/1cq6VCa1c0MwC7uXmAtF2N/b6a4b3853a9362b475017cf225628ed6/A4_Poster_EveryReportCounts-1-.pdf,https://images.ctfassets.net/58vt0wp5xpi9/7p797fj8tVdb7aXCHbhjGw/2d85aecf0c19caa879531effb26583fd/Email_Signature_Version-1_ERC-1-.png,https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/campaignpage,https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32661-1/fulltext,https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2034577,https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2035389,https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2101544,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04516746?term=NCT04516746&draw=2&rank=1,https://twitter.com/BluesManV2/status/1398551917840711685,https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#analysis-of-data,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-uk-recipients-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca/information-for-uk-recipients-on-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2012/1916/regulation/174/made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna/summary-of-the-public-assessment-report-for-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2012/1916/made/data.pdf#page=35,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/access-to-treatment/how-are-drugs-licensed-in-the-uk,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/access-to-treatment/how-are-drugs-licensed-in-the-uk,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2012/1916/regulation/174/made,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Poster about Yellow Card scheme is not real,,,,,,
-43,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-06-04,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,The Covid-19 vaccine contains a nanobot transmitter which can connect you to the “internet of things”.,2021-06-04,fullfact,,"A video posted on Facebook, filmed at Twickenham Stadium where many people queued to receive a Covid-19 vaccination on the May Bank Holiday, includes a number of false claims.   During the video a recording of someone who identifies herself as Kate Shemirani can be heard making various false and harmful claims about the vaccines, some of which we’ve looked into. Not only have we repeatedly debunked claims that Covid-19 vaccines are “devices”, but all four vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna, Astra-Zeneca, Janssen) are authorised as vaccines by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). It’s not clear what is meant by an “immune response” which would lead to your body attacking itself. There is no evidence that the currently approved Covid-19 vaccines cause autoimmune diseases or other autoimmune responses.  We have previously debunked claims that the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine causes infertility in women (Professor Jonathan Stoye, Virologist at the Francis Crick Institute, told Full Fact the possibility of a risk is “vanishingly small”) and they risk causing infertility in young men (evidence shows the vaccine may help protect male fertility). Many other news outlets, fact checkers and health businesses have also dispelled claims that Covid-19 vaccines cause infertility. Covid-19 vaccines do not contain micro-transmitters of any kind. While the Pfizer and Moderna Covid-19 vaccines do use nanoparticles, this is just a generic term for very small particles that can be found in nature or can be man-made. These however are not “nanobots”. They don’t send data and cannot connect to WiFi. Nanoparticles have been used to deliver medicines into the body since the 1990s. In another section of the video, one of the protestors says over the microphone: This is wrong for several reasons. Firstly, the British Red Cross is not responsible for managing blood donations in England, it’s NHS Blood and Transplant. Secondly, you can give blood after having a vaccine. However, in England, you have to wait seven days from your vaccination or, if you experience side effects, 28 days after recovery from those side effects. NHS Blood and Transplant says it is a precautionary measure and that leaving a gap prevents side effects from being confused with other illnesses, making blood donation safer.  The claim may be based on a falsehood recently repeated by The Stone Roses’ lead singer Ian Brown, that the Japanese Red Cross doesn’t accept blood donations after a vaccine. This is also incorrect. The Japanese Red Cross only asks those who have been vaccinated to wait for 48 hours after being vaccinated to give blood.","https://www.facebook.com/fiona.hine.7/videos/vb.504850440/10165495628185441/?type=2&theater,https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/twickenham-queues-covid-vaccine-b938120.html,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-magnet-bluetooth/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/05/28/fact-check-covid-19-vaccine-not-cause-autoimmune-disease/4719138001/,https://www.health.gov.au/initiatives-and-programs/covid-19-vaccines/is-it-true/is-it-true-do-covid-19-vaccines-cause-autoimmune-diseases#:~:text=cause%20autoimmune%20diseases%3F-,Autoimmune%20diseases%2C%20such%20as%20arthritis%20and%20multiple%20sclerosis%2C%20are%20chronic,vaccines%20can%20cause%20autoimmune%20diseases.,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-afs:Content:9889529642,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/vaccines-are-safe-and-arent-associated-with-autoimmune-disease-contrary-to-claim-in-viral-video-by-chiropractor-steven-baker/,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-covid-fertility/,https://fullfact.org/health/there-isnt-pork-in-covid-19-vaccines/,https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2021/05/12/no-evidence-that-covid-19-coronavirus-vaccines-damage-placenta-or-cause-infertility-says-study/?sh=47e307794e8d,https://www.wxyz.com/news/coronavirus/covid-19-vaccine/fact-check-no-the-covid-19-vaccine-doesnt-cause-infertility,https://www.bupa.co.uk/newsroom/ourviews/covid-affect-fertility,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-vaccines-artificial-intelligence/,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-magnet-bluetooth/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-vaccine-nanoparticles/,https://www.britannica.com/science/nanoparticle,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-vaccines-artificial-intelligence/,https://factcheckni.org/articles/is-the-red-cross-refusing-blood-donations-from-anyone-who-has-received-a-covid-19-vaccination/,https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/,https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/news-and-statements/coronavirus-covid-19-updates/,https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/news-and-statements/coronavirus-covid-19-updates/#:~:text=Can%20I%20give%20blood%20if,need%20to%20wait%207%20days,https://fullfact.org/online/ian-brown-wrong-to-claim-japan-refuses-blood-from-anyone-whos-been-vaccinated/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Hecklers at Twickenham Stadium vaccine drive spout false claims,,,,,,
-44,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-06-04,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,The Covid-19 vaccine contains a nanobot transmitter which can connect you to the “internet of things”.,2021-06-04,fullfact,,"A video posted on Facebook, filmed at Twickenham Stadium where many people queued to receive a Covid-19 vaccination on the May Bank Holiday, includes a number of false claims.   During the video a recording of someone who identifies herself as Kate Shemirani can be heard making various false and harmful claims about the vaccines, some of which we’ve looked into. Not only have we repeatedly debunked claims that Covid-19 vaccines are “devices”, but all four vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna, Astra-Zeneca, Janssen) are authorised as vaccines by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). It’s not clear what is meant by an “immune response” which would lead to your body attacking itself. There is no evidence that the currently approved Covid-19 vaccines cause autoimmune diseases or other autoimmune responses.  We have previously debunked claims that the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine causes infertility in women (Professor Jonathan Stoye, Virologist at the Francis Crick Institute, told Full Fact the possibility of a risk is “vanishingly small”) and they risk causing infertility in young men (evidence shows the vaccine may help protect male fertility). Many other news outlets, fact checkers and health businesses have also dispelled claims that Covid-19 vaccines cause infertility. Covid-19 vaccines do not contain micro-transmitters of any kind. While the Pfizer and Moderna Covid-19 vaccines do use nanoparticles, this is just a generic term for very small particles that can be found in nature or can be man-made. These however are not “nanobots”. They don’t send data and cannot connect to WiFi. Nanoparticles have been used to deliver medicines into the body since the 1990s. In another section of the video, one of the protestors says over the microphone: This is wrong for several reasons. Firstly, the British Red Cross is not responsible for managing blood donations in England, it’s NHS Blood and Transplant. Secondly, you can give blood after having a vaccine. However, in England, you have to wait seven days from your vaccination or, if you experience side effects, 28 days after recovery from those side effects. NHS Blood and Transplant says it is a precautionary measure and that leaving a gap prevents side effects from being confused with other illnesses, making blood donation safer.  The claim may be based on a falsehood recently repeated by The Stone Roses’ lead singer Ian Brown, that the Japanese Red Cross doesn’t accept blood donations after a vaccine. This is also incorrect. The Japanese Red Cross only asks those who have been vaccinated to wait for 48 hours after being vaccinated to give blood.","https://www.facebook.com/fiona.hine.7/videos/vb.504850440/10165495628185441/?type=2&theater,https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/twickenham-queues-covid-vaccine-b938120.html,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-magnet-bluetooth/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/05/28/fact-check-covid-19-vaccine-not-cause-autoimmune-disease/4719138001/,https://www.health.gov.au/initiatives-and-programs/covid-19-vaccines/is-it-true/is-it-true-do-covid-19-vaccines-cause-autoimmune-diseases#:~:text=cause%20autoimmune%20diseases%3F-,Autoimmune%20diseases%2C%20such%20as%20arthritis%20and%20multiple%20sclerosis%2C%20are%20chronic,vaccines%20can%20cause%20autoimmune%20diseases.,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-afs:Content:9889529642,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/vaccines-are-safe-and-arent-associated-with-autoimmune-disease-contrary-to-claim-in-viral-video-by-chiropractor-steven-baker/,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-covid-fertility/,https://fullfact.org/health/there-isnt-pork-in-covid-19-vaccines/,https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2021/05/12/no-evidence-that-covid-19-coronavirus-vaccines-damage-placenta-or-cause-infertility-says-study/?sh=47e307794e8d,https://www.wxyz.com/news/coronavirus/covid-19-vaccine/fact-check-no-the-covid-19-vaccine-doesnt-cause-infertility,https://www.bupa.co.uk/newsroom/ourviews/covid-affect-fertility,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-vaccines-artificial-intelligence/,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-magnet-bluetooth/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-vaccine-nanoparticles/,https://www.britannica.com/science/nanoparticle,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-vaccines-artificial-intelligence/,https://factcheckni.org/articles/is-the-red-cross-refusing-blood-donations-from-anyone-who-has-received-a-covid-19-vaccination/,https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/,https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/news-and-statements/coronavirus-covid-19-updates/,https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/news-and-statements/coronavirus-covid-19-updates/#:~:text=Can%20I%20give%20blood%20if,need%20to%20wait%207%20days,https://fullfact.org/online/ian-brown-wrong-to-claim-japan-refuses-blood-from-anyone-whos-been-vaccinated/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Hecklers at Twickenham Stadium vaccine drive spout false claims,,,,,,
-45,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-06-04,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,The Covid-19 vaccine contains a nanobot transmitter which can connect you to the “internet of things”.,2021-06-04,fullfact,,"A video posted on Facebook, filmed at Twickenham Stadium where many people queued to receive a Covid-19 vaccination on the May Bank Holiday, includes a number of false claims.   During the video a recording of someone who identifies herself as Kate Shemirani can be heard making various false and harmful claims about the vaccines, some of which we’ve looked into. Not only have we repeatedly debunked claims that Covid-19 vaccines are “devices”, but all four vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna, Astra-Zeneca, Janssen) are authorised as vaccines by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). It’s not clear what is meant by an “immune response” which would lead to your body attacking itself. There is no evidence that the currently approved Covid-19 vaccines cause autoimmune diseases or other autoimmune responses.  We have previously debunked claims that the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine causes infertility in women (Professor Jonathan Stoye, Virologist at the Francis Crick Institute, told Full Fact the possibility of a risk is “vanishingly small”) and they risk causing infertility in young men (evidence shows the vaccine may help protect male fertility). Many other news outlets, fact checkers and health businesses have also dispelled claims that Covid-19 vaccines cause infertility. Covid-19 vaccines do not contain micro-transmitters of any kind. While the Pfizer and Moderna Covid-19 vaccines do use nanoparticles, this is just a generic term for very small particles that can be found in nature or can be man-made. These however are not “nanobots”. They don’t send data and cannot connect to WiFi. Nanoparticles have been used to deliver medicines into the body since the 1990s. In another section of the video, one of the protestors says over the microphone: This is wrong for several reasons. Firstly, the British Red Cross is not responsible for managing blood donations in England, it’s NHS Blood and Transplant. Secondly, you can give blood after having a vaccine. However, in England, you have to wait seven days from your vaccination or, if you experience side effects, 28 days after recovery from those side effects. NHS Blood and Transplant says it is a precautionary measure and that leaving a gap prevents side effects from being confused with other illnesses, making blood donation safer.  The claim may be based on a falsehood recently repeated by The Stone Roses’ lead singer Ian Brown, that the Japanese Red Cross doesn’t accept blood donations after a vaccine. This is also incorrect. The Japanese Red Cross only asks those who have been vaccinated to wait for 48 hours after being vaccinated to give blood.","https://www.facebook.com/fiona.hine.7/videos/vb.504850440/10165495628185441/?type=2&theater,https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/twickenham-queues-covid-vaccine-b938120.html,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-magnet-bluetooth/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/05/28/fact-check-covid-19-vaccine-not-cause-autoimmune-disease/4719138001/,https://www.health.gov.au/initiatives-and-programs/covid-19-vaccines/is-it-true/is-it-true-do-covid-19-vaccines-cause-autoimmune-diseases#:~:text=cause%20autoimmune%20diseases%3F-,Autoimmune%20diseases%2C%20such%20as%20arthritis%20and%20multiple%20sclerosis%2C%20are%20chronic,vaccines%20can%20cause%20autoimmune%20diseases.,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-afs:Content:9889529642,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/vaccines-are-safe-and-arent-associated-with-autoimmune-disease-contrary-to-claim-in-viral-video-by-chiropractor-steven-baker/,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-covid-fertility/,https://fullfact.org/health/there-isnt-pork-in-covid-19-vaccines/,https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2021/05/12/no-evidence-that-covid-19-coronavirus-vaccines-damage-placenta-or-cause-infertility-says-study/?sh=47e307794e8d,https://www.wxyz.com/news/coronavirus/covid-19-vaccine/fact-check-no-the-covid-19-vaccine-doesnt-cause-infertility,https://www.bupa.co.uk/newsroom/ourviews/covid-affect-fertility,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-vaccines-artificial-intelligence/,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-magnet-bluetooth/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-vaccine-nanoparticles/,https://www.britannica.com/science/nanoparticle,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-vaccines-artificial-intelligence/,https://factcheckni.org/articles/is-the-red-cross-refusing-blood-donations-from-anyone-who-has-received-a-covid-19-vaccination/,https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/,https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/news-and-statements/coronavirus-covid-19-updates/,https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/news-and-statements/coronavirus-covid-19-updates/#:~:text=Can%20I%20give%20blood%20if,need%20to%20wait%207%20days,https://fullfact.org/online/ian-brown-wrong-to-claim-japan-refuses-blood-from-anyone-whos-been-vaccinated/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Hecklers at Twickenham Stadium vaccine drive spout false claims,,,,,,
-46,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-06-04,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Twickenham-Covid-19-vaccine-claims-false/,The Covid-19 vaccine contains a nanobot transmitter which can connect you to the “internet of things”.,2021-06-04,fullfact,,"A video posted on Facebook, filmed at Twickenham Stadium where many people queued to receive a Covid-19 vaccination on the May Bank Holiday, includes a number of false claims.   During the video a recording of someone who identifies herself as Kate Shemirani can be heard making various false and harmful claims about the vaccines, some of which we’ve looked into. Not only have we repeatedly debunked claims that Covid-19 vaccines are “devices”, but all four vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna, Astra-Zeneca, Janssen) are authorised as vaccines by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). It’s not clear what is meant by an “immune response” which would lead to your body attacking itself. There is no evidence that the currently approved Covid-19 vaccines cause autoimmune diseases or other autoimmune responses.  We have previously debunked claims that the Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine causes infertility in women (Professor Jonathan Stoye, Virologist at the Francis Crick Institute, told Full Fact the possibility of a risk is “vanishingly small”) and they risk causing infertility in young men (evidence shows the vaccine may help protect male fertility). Many other news outlets, fact checkers and health businesses have also dispelled claims that Covid-19 vaccines cause infertility. Covid-19 vaccines do not contain micro-transmitters of any kind. While the Pfizer and Moderna Covid-19 vaccines do use nanoparticles, this is just a generic term for very small particles that can be found in nature or can be man-made. These however are not “nanobots”. They don’t send data and cannot connect to WiFi. Nanoparticles have been used to deliver medicines into the body since the 1990s. In another section of the video, one of the protestors says over the microphone: This is wrong for several reasons. Firstly, the British Red Cross is not responsible for managing blood donations in England, it’s NHS Blood and Transplant. Secondly, you can give blood after having a vaccine. However, in England, you have to wait seven days from your vaccination or, if you experience side effects, 28 days after recovery from those side effects. NHS Blood and Transplant says it is a precautionary measure and that leaving a gap prevents side effects from being confused with other illnesses, making blood donation safer.  The claim may be based on a falsehood recently repeated by The Stone Roses’ lead singer Ian Brown, that the Japanese Red Cross doesn’t accept blood donations after a vaccine. This is also incorrect. The Japanese Red Cross only asks those who have been vaccinated to wait for 48 hours after being vaccinated to give blood.","https://www.facebook.com/fiona.hine.7/videos/vb.504850440/10165495628185441/?type=2&theater,https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/twickenham-queues-covid-vaccine-b938120.html,https://fullfact.org/online/viral-video-covid-vaccine/,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-magnet-bluetooth/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2021/05/28/fact-check-covid-19-vaccine-not-cause-autoimmune-disease/4719138001/,https://www.health.gov.au/initiatives-and-programs/covid-19-vaccines/is-it-true/is-it-true-do-covid-19-vaccines-cause-autoimmune-diseases#:~:text=cause%20autoimmune%20diseases%3F-,Autoimmune%20diseases%2C%20such%20as%20arthritis%20and%20multiple%20sclerosis%2C%20are%20chronic,vaccines%20can%20cause%20autoimmune%20diseases.,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-afs:Content:9889529642,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/vaccines-are-safe-and-arent-associated-with-autoimmune-disease-contrary-to-claim-in-viral-video-by-chiropractor-steven-baker/,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-covid-fertility/,https://fullfact.org/health/there-isnt-pork-in-covid-19-vaccines/,https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2021/05/12/no-evidence-that-covid-19-coronavirus-vaccines-damage-placenta-or-cause-infertility-says-study/?sh=47e307794e8d,https://www.wxyz.com/news/coronavirus/covid-19-vaccine/fact-check-no-the-covid-19-vaccine-doesnt-cause-infertility,https://www.bupa.co.uk/newsroom/ourviews/covid-affect-fertility,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-vaccines-artificial-intelligence/,https://fullfact.org/online/vaccine-magnet-bluetooth/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-vaccine-nanoparticles/,https://www.britannica.com/science/nanoparticle,https://fullfact.org/online/david-icke-vaccines-artificial-intelligence/,https://factcheckni.org/articles/is-the-red-cross-refusing-blood-donations-from-anyone-who-has-received-a-covid-19-vaccination/,https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/,https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/news-and-statements/coronavirus-covid-19-updates/,https://www.blood.co.uk/news-and-campaigns/news-and-statements/coronavirus-covid-19-updates/#:~:text=Can%20I%20give%20blood%20if,need%20to%20wait%207%20days,https://fullfact.org/online/ian-brown-wrong-to-claim-japan-refuses-blood-from-anyone-whos-been-vaccinated/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Hecklers at Twickenham Stadium vaccine drive spout false claims,,,,,,
-47,,,,False,Abbas Panjwani,2021-06-03,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/education/literacy-numeracy-uk-telegraph/,The UK has the lowest literacy rates in its history,2021-06-03,fullfact,,"A column in the Daily Telegraph makes a number of eye-catching claims about the state of education in the UK, but not all of them are right.  In the piece, journalist Celia Walden argues that schemes to help pupils catch up on their learning after the pandemic should focus on the core education of literacy and numeracy. She writes: “Do we really need reminding that […] we have the lowest literacy rates in our history.” This isn’t true. We’ve asked the Telegraph what Ms Walden was referring to but it has not responded. Our World in Data, a statistical publication from the University of Oxford, has collated figures going back to 1475, showing literacy in the late 15th century was around 5% - meaning only 5% of the population could read and write.  It is currently around 99%, although a significant number have low levels of literacy. Assuming that Ms Walden was referring to the more recent past, it also appears as if this has improved slightly over the past few decades, based on the little consistent data available.  The average adult literacy scores improved between 1996 and 2012. And England’s score in international tests among children shows reading aptitude has remained similar or even increased since 2006.   The Telegraph article goes on to claim: “Our child literacy and numeracy rates consistently languish either at or near the bottom of every international table.”  We have asked the Telegraph for the source of this claim. It possibly refers to a 2012 analysis by the OECD which found that England had the highest proportion of teenagers aged 16-19 with low levels of literacy and numeracy among 23 countries and territories. However, it would be wrong to say that the UK’s child literacy and numeracy rates are at or near the bottom of every international table. More recent data, albeit covering children of different ages, paints a more positive picture.  In 2016, the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) tested 10-year-olds across 50 countries and territories. Northern Ireland placed seventh and England placed joint-eighth, while Scotland and Wales did not participate. In 2018, the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) tested 15-year-olds across around 80 countries and territories and the UK was above average for both reading and mathematics. And in 2019, the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) tested pupils in year 5 and year 9 with much the same outcome. Students from the UK (specifically England and Northern Ireland, as Scotland and Wales didn’t participate), outperformed the average. These studies all measure, in their own ways, average aptitude in maths and reading, rather than the proportion of children who meet a definition of “illiterate” or “innumerate”.","https://www.telegraph.co.uk/columnists/2021/05/24/now-not-time-back-creative-syllabus-children-need-get-back/,https://ourworldindata.org/literacy,https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org//sites/605ec8b3-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/605ec8b3-en#fig-2.6,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/246534/bis-13-1221-international-survey-of-adult-skills-2012.pdf#page=145,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/904420/PISA_2018_England_national_report_accessible.pdf#page=29,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/664562/PIRLS_2016_National_Report_for_England-_BRANDED.pdf#page=31,https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/02/which-countries-have-the-best-literacy-and-numeracy-rates?utm_content=buffer34a53&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer,https://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/english-teenagers-are-the-most-illiterate-in-the-developed-world-report-reveals-a6841166.html,https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pirls/pirls2016/tables/pirls2016_table01.asp,https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pirls/pirls2016/tables/pirls2016_table01.asp,https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pirls/pirls2016/tables/pirls2016_table01.asp,https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/PISA2018_CN_GBR.pdf,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/941351/TIMSS_2019_National_Report.pdf#page=8,https://www.education-ni.gov.uk/sites/default/files/publications/education/timss-2019-in-northern-ireland-main-report.pdf#page=8,https://fullfact.org/education/evening-standard-missing-school-children-covid/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/maria-miller-nine-ten-girls-ofsted/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/school-pupils-return-classroom-covid/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/pupil-funding-conservatives/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Telegraph columnist wrongly claims literacy at the lowest level in UK history,,,,,,
-48,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-06-01,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/this-morning-vaccines/,The survival rate from Covid-19 is 99.8%.,2021-06-01,fullfact,,"A heated exchange between presenter Dermot O’Leary and guest Beverley Turner on This Morning, about whether the Covid-19 vaccines stop you from catching and passing on the disease has gone viral on social media.  Ms Turner claimed: “[The vaccine] does not stop you contracting or passing on the virus.” Multiple, reliable forms of evidence show that vaccines greatly reduce a person’s chance of contracting or passing on a virus. Ms Turner has asked us to clarify that she meant that the vaccines don’t always stop the transmission of the disease, which is correct as set out below. The NHS website says that the vaccines reduce your risk of catching, spreading, getting symptoms, getting ill, and dying from Covid, and she has asked us to clarify that her remarks about transmission were intended to reflect that. Studies have found that people given one dose of the Pfizer vaccine have a 70% reduced risk of becoming infected, both with and without symptoms, rising to 85% after the second dose. This data comes from testing healthcare workers who were tested for Covid every two weeks, regardless of whether they had symptoms. Data in adults over 70 shows that both the Pfizer and the AstraZeneca vaccines are between 60-70% effective against symptomatic disease around a month after the first dose, and 85-90% after the second dose of Pfizer (this particular study didn’t look at the effect after two doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine). As to Ms Turner’s claim on vaccines not stopping people passing on the virus, the evidence suggests that one dose of either the AstraZeneca or Pfizer vaccines significantly reduces your chances of passing on the virus to members of your household, if you do catch it. Initial research, covering over a million contacts in the UK, has found that people who became infected three weeks after their first vaccination were between 38% and 49% less likely to pass the virus onto household contacts. This protection appeared from around two weeks after the vaccination, and was regardless of age. This may be what Ms Turner was referring to when she then went on to say there was “a little bit of evidence to suggest that it might minimise transmission, but that’s because it ameliorates your symptoms and if it ameliorates your symptoms then you are less likely to pass it on.” She also made a number of other claims about the Covid survival rate and whether the vaccine is in trials that we have written about before. Ms Turner described the Covid-19 vaccine as a “trial drug”. While it’s not quite clear what this means, we have checked similar claims before. These claims have been based on the fact that some of the Covid-19 vaccine trials have completion dates set in the future. As we’ve explained before, data on key safety and efficacy outcomes has already been published in peer-reviewed journals, but data on long term protection and safety will continue to be collected over the coming years.  The three coronavirus vaccines currently approved and being rolled out in the UK have been through all the normal stages of vaccine testing, including animal and human studies. The survival rate is almost certainly lower than this in the UK, as we’ve written before.  We’ve covered elsewhere how  estimates for Europe (countries with similar age profiles and healthcare quality as the UK) put the fatality rate at somewhere between 0.5% and 1%, meaning the “survival rate” could be somewhere between 99% and 99.5%, but not as high as 99.8%. Covid-19 is more dangerous in older populations, which is part of the reason survival rates vary between countries. As of 14 May there have been about 153,000 deaths registered with Covid-19 recorded as a cause on the death certificate. That’s about 0.23% of the entire UK population. If the survival rate really was 99.8%, and 0.23% had died, that implies that the entire population of the UK has been infected. As we’ve written before, this is almost certainly not the case. The figures don’t show high enough rates of infection for this to be the case. It’s true that the average age of death involving Covid-19 is 82. That was the average age of people whose deaths were registered in England and Wales between October 2020 and January 2021 which involved Covid-19. It’s been estimated that people who die of Covid lose, on average, around ten years of life.","https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=387100835942532,https://www.facebook.com/demikate.ivemadeitthisfar/videos/120301673544611/,https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3790399,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-real-world-uk-data-shows-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-provides-high-levels-of-protection-from-the-first-dose,https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.01.21252652v1,https://healthmedia.blog.gov.uk/2021/03/12/covid19vaccines-faqs/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-dose-of-covid-19-vaccine-can-cut-household-transmission-by-up-to-half,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-19-vaccines/,https://www.modernatx.com/modernas-work-potential-vaccine-against-covid-19,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2020/covid-19-vaccine-azd1222-showed-robust-immune-responses-in-all-participants-in-phase-i-ii-trial.html,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/astrazeneca-us-vaccine-trial-met-primary-endpoint.html,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-share-positive-early-data-lead-mrna,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-confirm-high-efficacy-and-no-serious,https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development,https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-announces-positive-interim-phase-1-data-its-mrna-vaccine,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-announce-data-preclinical-studies-mrna,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-ifr-more-01/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/datasets/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveydata,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",This Morning guest makes misleading claims on vaccine efficacy,,,,,,
-49,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-06-01,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/this-morning-vaccines/,The survival rate from Covid-19 is 99.8%.,2021-06-01,fullfact,,"A heated exchange between presenter Dermot O’Leary and guest Beverley Turner on This Morning, about whether the Covid-19 vaccines stop you from catching and passing on the disease has gone viral on social media.  Ms Turner claimed: “[The vaccine] does not stop you contracting or passing on the virus.” Multiple, reliable forms of evidence show that vaccines greatly reduce a person’s chance of contracting or passing on a virus. Ms Turner has asked us to clarify that she meant that the vaccines don’t always stop the transmission of the disease, which is correct as set out below. The NHS website says that the vaccines reduce your risk of catching, spreading, getting symptoms, getting ill, and dying from Covid, and she has asked us to clarify that her remarks about transmission were intended to reflect that. Studies have found that people given one dose of the Pfizer vaccine have a 70% reduced risk of becoming infected, both with and without symptoms, rising to 85% after the second dose. This data comes from testing healthcare workers who were tested for Covid every two weeks, regardless of whether they had symptoms. Data in adults over 70 shows that both the Pfizer and the AstraZeneca vaccines are between 60-70% effective against symptomatic disease around a month after the first dose, and 85-90% after the second dose of Pfizer (this particular study didn’t look at the effect after two doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine). As to Ms Turner’s claim on vaccines not stopping people passing on the virus, the evidence suggests that one dose of either the AstraZeneca or Pfizer vaccines significantly reduces your chances of passing on the virus to members of your household, if you do catch it. Initial research, covering over a million contacts in the UK, has found that people who became infected three weeks after their first vaccination were between 38% and 49% less likely to pass the virus onto household contacts. This protection appeared from around two weeks after the vaccination, and was regardless of age. This may be what Ms Turner was referring to when she then went on to say there was “a little bit of evidence to suggest that it might minimise transmission, but that’s because it ameliorates your symptoms and if it ameliorates your symptoms then you are less likely to pass it on.” She also made a number of other claims about the Covid survival rate and whether the vaccine is in trials that we have written about before. Ms Turner described the Covid-19 vaccine as a “trial drug”. While it’s not quite clear what this means, we have checked similar claims before. These claims have been based on the fact that some of the Covid-19 vaccine trials have completion dates set in the future. As we’ve explained before, data on key safety and efficacy outcomes has already been published in peer-reviewed journals, but data on long term protection and safety will continue to be collected over the coming years.  The three coronavirus vaccines currently approved and being rolled out in the UK have been through all the normal stages of vaccine testing, including animal and human studies. The survival rate is almost certainly lower than this in the UK, as we’ve written before.  We’ve covered elsewhere how  estimates for Europe (countries with similar age profiles and healthcare quality as the UK) put the fatality rate at somewhere between 0.5% and 1%, meaning the “survival rate” could be somewhere between 99% and 99.5%, but not as high as 99.8%. Covid-19 is more dangerous in older populations, which is part of the reason survival rates vary between countries. As of 14 May there have been about 153,000 deaths registered with Covid-19 recorded as a cause on the death certificate. That’s about 0.23% of the entire UK population. If the survival rate really was 99.8%, and 0.23% had died, that implies that the entire population of the UK has been infected. As we’ve written before, this is almost certainly not the case. The figures don’t show high enough rates of infection for this to be the case. It’s true that the average age of death involving Covid-19 is 82. That was the average age of people whose deaths were registered in England and Wales between October 2020 and January 2021 which involved Covid-19. It’s been estimated that people who die of Covid lose, on average, around ten years of life.","https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=387100835942532,https://www.facebook.com/demikate.ivemadeitthisfar/videos/120301673544611/,https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3790399,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-real-world-uk-data-shows-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-provides-high-levels-of-protection-from-the-first-dose,https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.01.21252652v1,https://healthmedia.blog.gov.uk/2021/03/12/covid19vaccines-faqs/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-dose-of-covid-19-vaccine-can-cut-household-transmission-by-up-to-half,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-19-vaccines/,https://www.modernatx.com/modernas-work-potential-vaccine-against-covid-19,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2020/covid-19-vaccine-azd1222-showed-robust-immune-responses-in-all-participants-in-phase-i-ii-trial.html,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/astrazeneca-us-vaccine-trial-met-primary-endpoint.html,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-share-positive-early-data-lead-mrna,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-confirm-high-efficacy-and-no-serious,https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development,https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-announces-positive-interim-phase-1-data-its-mrna-vaccine,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-announce-data-preclinical-studies-mrna,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-ifr-more-01/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/datasets/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveydata,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",This Morning guest makes misleading claims on vaccine efficacy,,,,,,
-50,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-06-01,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/this-morning-vaccines/,The survival rate from Covid-19 is 99.8%.,2021-06-01,fullfact,,"A heated exchange between presenter Dermot O’Leary and guest Beverley Turner on This Morning, about whether the Covid-19 vaccines stop you from catching and passing on the disease has gone viral on social media.  Ms Turner claimed: “[The vaccine] does not stop you contracting or passing on the virus.” Multiple, reliable forms of evidence show that vaccines greatly reduce a person’s chance of contracting or passing on a virus. Ms Turner has asked us to clarify that she meant that the vaccines don’t always stop the transmission of the disease, which is correct as set out below. The NHS website says that the vaccines reduce your risk of catching, spreading, getting symptoms, getting ill, and dying from Covid, and she has asked us to clarify that her remarks about transmission were intended to reflect that. Studies have found that people given one dose of the Pfizer vaccine have a 70% reduced risk of becoming infected, both with and without symptoms, rising to 85% after the second dose. This data comes from testing healthcare workers who were tested for Covid every two weeks, regardless of whether they had symptoms. Data in adults over 70 shows that both the Pfizer and the AstraZeneca vaccines are between 60-70% effective against symptomatic disease around a month after the first dose, and 85-90% after the second dose of Pfizer (this particular study didn’t look at the effect after two doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine). As to Ms Turner’s claim on vaccines not stopping people passing on the virus, the evidence suggests that one dose of either the AstraZeneca or Pfizer vaccines significantly reduces your chances of passing on the virus to members of your household, if you do catch it. Initial research, covering over a million contacts in the UK, has found that people who became infected three weeks after their first vaccination were between 38% and 49% less likely to pass the virus onto household contacts. This protection appeared from around two weeks after the vaccination, and was regardless of age. This may be what Ms Turner was referring to when she then went on to say there was “a little bit of evidence to suggest that it might minimise transmission, but that’s because it ameliorates your symptoms and if it ameliorates your symptoms then you are less likely to pass it on.” She also made a number of other claims about the Covid survival rate and whether the vaccine is in trials that we have written about before. Ms Turner described the Covid-19 vaccine as a “trial drug”. While it’s not quite clear what this means, we have checked similar claims before. These claims have been based on the fact that some of the Covid-19 vaccine trials have completion dates set in the future. As we’ve explained before, data on key safety and efficacy outcomes has already been published in peer-reviewed journals, but data on long term protection and safety will continue to be collected over the coming years.  The three coronavirus vaccines currently approved and being rolled out in the UK have been through all the normal stages of vaccine testing, including animal and human studies. The survival rate is almost certainly lower than this in the UK, as we’ve written before.  We’ve covered elsewhere how  estimates for Europe (countries with similar age profiles and healthcare quality as the UK) put the fatality rate at somewhere between 0.5% and 1%, meaning the “survival rate” could be somewhere between 99% and 99.5%, but not as high as 99.8%. Covid-19 is more dangerous in older populations, which is part of the reason survival rates vary between countries. As of 14 May there have been about 153,000 deaths registered with Covid-19 recorded as a cause on the death certificate. That’s about 0.23% of the entire UK population. If the survival rate really was 99.8%, and 0.23% had died, that implies that the entire population of the UK has been infected. As we’ve written before, this is almost certainly not the case. The figures don’t show high enough rates of infection for this to be the case. It’s true that the average age of death involving Covid-19 is 82. That was the average age of people whose deaths were registered in England and Wales between October 2020 and January 2021 which involved Covid-19. It’s been estimated that people who die of Covid lose, on average, around ten years of life.","https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=387100835942532,https://www.facebook.com/demikate.ivemadeitthisfar/videos/120301673544611/,https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3790399,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-real-world-uk-data-shows-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-provides-high-levels-of-protection-from-the-first-dose,https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.01.21252652v1,https://healthmedia.blog.gov.uk/2021/03/12/covid19vaccines-faqs/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-dose-of-covid-19-vaccine-can-cut-household-transmission-by-up-to-half,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-19-vaccines/,https://www.modernatx.com/modernas-work-potential-vaccine-against-covid-19,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2020/covid-19-vaccine-azd1222-showed-robust-immune-responses-in-all-participants-in-phase-i-ii-trial.html,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/astrazeneca-us-vaccine-trial-met-primary-endpoint.html,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-share-positive-early-data-lead-mrna,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-confirm-high-efficacy-and-no-serious,https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development,https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-announces-positive-interim-phase-1-data-its-mrna-vaccine,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-announce-data-preclinical-studies-mrna,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-ifr-more-01/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/datasets/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveydata,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",This Morning guest makes misleading claims on vaccine efficacy,,,,,,
-51,,,,Other,Grace Rahman,2021-06-01,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/this-morning-vaccines/,The survival rate from Covid-19 is 99.8%.,2021-06-01,fullfact,,"A heated exchange between presenter Dermot O’Leary and guest Beverley Turner on This Morning, about whether the Covid-19 vaccines stop you from catching and passing on the disease has gone viral on social media.  Ms Turner claimed: “[The vaccine] does not stop you contracting or passing on the virus.” Multiple, reliable forms of evidence show that vaccines greatly reduce a person’s chance of contracting or passing on a virus. Ms Turner has asked us to clarify that she meant that the vaccines don’t always stop the transmission of the disease, which is correct as set out below. The NHS website says that the vaccines reduce your risk of catching, spreading, getting symptoms, getting ill, and dying from Covid, and she has asked us to clarify that her remarks about transmission were intended to reflect that. Studies have found that people given one dose of the Pfizer vaccine have a 70% reduced risk of becoming infected, both with and without symptoms, rising to 85% after the second dose. This data comes from testing healthcare workers who were tested for Covid every two weeks, regardless of whether they had symptoms. Data in adults over 70 shows that both the Pfizer and the AstraZeneca vaccines are between 60-70% effective against symptomatic disease around a month after the first dose, and 85-90% after the second dose of Pfizer (this particular study didn’t look at the effect after two doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine). As to Ms Turner’s claim on vaccines not stopping people passing on the virus, the evidence suggests that one dose of either the AstraZeneca or Pfizer vaccines significantly reduces your chances of passing on the virus to members of your household, if you do catch it. Initial research, covering over a million contacts in the UK, has found that people who became infected three weeks after their first vaccination were between 38% and 49% less likely to pass the virus onto household contacts. This protection appeared from around two weeks after the vaccination, and was regardless of age. This may be what Ms Turner was referring to when she then went on to say there was “a little bit of evidence to suggest that it might minimise transmission, but that’s because it ameliorates your symptoms and if it ameliorates your symptoms then you are less likely to pass it on.” She also made a number of other claims about the Covid survival rate and whether the vaccine is in trials that we have written about before. Ms Turner described the Covid-19 vaccine as a “trial drug”. While it’s not quite clear what this means, we have checked similar claims before. These claims have been based on the fact that some of the Covid-19 vaccine trials have completion dates set in the future. As we’ve explained before, data on key safety and efficacy outcomes has already been published in peer-reviewed journals, but data on long term protection and safety will continue to be collected over the coming years.  The three coronavirus vaccines currently approved and being rolled out in the UK have been through all the normal stages of vaccine testing, including animal and human studies. The survival rate is almost certainly lower than this in the UK, as we’ve written before.  We’ve covered elsewhere how  estimates for Europe (countries with similar age profiles and healthcare quality as the UK) put the fatality rate at somewhere between 0.5% and 1%, meaning the “survival rate” could be somewhere between 99% and 99.5%, but not as high as 99.8%. Covid-19 is more dangerous in older populations, which is part of the reason survival rates vary between countries. As of 14 May there have been about 153,000 deaths registered with Covid-19 recorded as a cause on the death certificate. That’s about 0.23% of the entire UK population. If the survival rate really was 99.8%, and 0.23% had died, that implies that the entire population of the UK has been infected. As we’ve written before, this is almost certainly not the case. The figures don’t show high enough rates of infection for this to be the case. It’s true that the average age of death involving Covid-19 is 82. That was the average age of people whose deaths were registered in England and Wales between October 2020 and January 2021 which involved Covid-19. It’s been estimated that people who die of Covid lose, on average, around ten years of life.","https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=387100835942532,https://www.facebook.com/demikate.ivemadeitthisfar/videos/120301673544611/,https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3790399,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/first-real-world-uk-data-shows-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-provides-high-levels-of-protection-from-the-first-dose,https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.01.21252652v1,https://healthmedia.blog.gov.uk/2021/03/12/covid19vaccines-faqs/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-dose-of-covid-19-vaccine-can-cut-household-transmission-by-up-to-half,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-19-vaccines/,https://www.modernatx.com/modernas-work-potential-vaccine-against-covid-19,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2020/covid-19-vaccine-azd1222-showed-robust-immune-responses-in-all-participants-in-phase-i-ii-trial.html,https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2021/astrazeneca-us-vaccine-trial-met-primary-endpoint.html,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-share-positive-early-data-lead-mrna,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-confirm-high-efficacy-and-no-serious,https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development,https://investors.modernatx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/moderna-announces-positive-interim-phase-1-data-its-mrna-vaccine,https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-announce-data-preclinical-studies-mrna,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-ifr-more-01/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/timeseries/ukpop/pop,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-19-survival-rate-less-998/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/datasets/coronaviruscovid19infectionsurveydata,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",This Morning guest makes misleading claims on vaccine efficacy,,,,,,
-52,,,,False,Abbas Panjwani,2021-05-28,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/luc-montagnier/,Luc Montagnier has said there is no chance for survival for people who receive a Covid-19 vaccine.,2021-05-28,fullfact,,"It’s been claimed that Luc Montagnier, a Nobel Laureate, has said there is no chance of survival for people who have received a Covid-19 vaccine. Posts sharing this text also claim that all vaccinated people will die within two years. Professor Montagnier, who led the team that first identified HIV, has expressed views against the Covid-19 vaccination process but there is no evidence he has said they will die within two years or that they have no chance of surviving. A clip sometimes posted alongside these sorts of claims is a two-minute long excerpt from a longer 11 minute interview with Professor Montagnier which has been translated from French into English. In the 11 minute French original, Professor Montagnier does not make the claims attributed to him. There is no evidence we could find which shows he has made these claims anywhere else.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=472286090654699&set=a.110160096867302&type=3,https://www.instagram.com/p/CPLaWr5t9xN/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.instagram.com/p/CPMP57lnq17/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.instagram.com/p/CPMSTHRDkla/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.mediatheque.lindau-nobel.org/laureates/montagnier,https://www.facebook.com/veronica.major.3158/videos/431140964720333,https://www.facebook.com/VoieNature/videos/1215893138843019/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",No evidence Nobel Laureate said vaccinated people will die in two years,,,,,,
+0,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-27,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/,"Tetanus is an anaerobic bacteria meaning it can't survive in oxygenated environments and because blood has oxygen in it, if the wound bled, there is no risk of tetanus.",2021-07-27,fullfact,,"A Facebook post contains lots of false information about tetanus, including misinformation about the types of wounds that can lead to tetanus infection, and the fact that a bleeding wound means there is “NO tetanus”.  Tetanus is an infection caused by a bacteria called Clostridium tetani, and affects the muscles and nervous system. It is rare in the UK, but can be fatal. The symptoms are caused by toxins produced by the bacteria once it enters the body.   The bacteria that cause tetanus can live in the gut and faeces of horses and other animals.  The bacteria itself is anaerobic (lives in an oxygen-free environment), but it produces spores which allow it to reproduce. These spores can live in lots of different environments including ones with oxygen, like on surfaces and in soil, and can survive for a very long time. Infection in humans then occurs if spores are introduced into the body, for example through a cut or wound. The Facebook post claims: “If your wound was not caused by a rusty nail (embedded in a place where cattle, sheep, or horses graze and poop, or where cattle, sheep, or horses used to graze or poop) or a pitch fork while mucking stalls... you most likely don’t have to worry about tetanus.” This isn’t true. While some types of injuries may pose a higher risk than others, the NHS website describes several different types of injury that could pose a risk of tetanus infection, especially if you are not vaccinated, including eye injury, contaminated injections, piercings, burns and animal bites. Public Health England says tetanus may also follow injecting drug use or abdominal surgery.  The post adds: “Once exposed to oxygen, it dies. Blood carries oxygen, so if the wound is bleeding, it is being oxygenated.” Although it is true that the bacteria require an environment without oxygen, it is not true that the presence of oxygen eliminates the risk of tetanus infection. A bleeding wound does not completely eliminate the risk of tetanus.  Vaccines against tetanus are a large part of why we have so few cases in the UK. The vaccine can protect against tetanus infection, and it is included in the standard UK immunisation schedule.  The post claims that if there were concerns about tetanus exposure, the only thing that could help would be an injection of tetanus immunoglobulin. This contains antibodies that stop the tetanus toxin working and offers immediate short term protection. The NHS website says that if somebody has a very high risk wound (but has not yet developed symptoms), the wound would be cleaned and immunoglobulins may be given. In addition, if somebody has not been fully vaccinated against tetanus, or isn’t sure, they may be given a top up vaccine.  If a tetanus infection is suspected (due to symptoms or laboratory tests), lots of different treatments may be given, including immunoglobulins, and this would normally require admission to hospital and an intensive care setting.  Tetanus immunisation is usually combined with others, for example, polio and diphtheria.","https://www.facebook.com/janine.brockway/posts/10158480827243727,https://patient.info/childrens-health/immunisation/tetanus-immunisation,https://patient.info/childrens-health/immunisation/tetanus-immunisation#nav-0,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=7,https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002230.htm,https://www.britannica.com/science/spore-biology,https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tetanus,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tetanus,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=7,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=8,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=14,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/nhs-vaccinations-and-when-to-have-them/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/3-in-1-teenage-booster/,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Facebook post on tetanus jabs gets a lot wrong,,,,,,
+1,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-27,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/,"Tetanus is an anaerobic bacteria meaning it can't survive in oxygenated environments and because blood has oxygen in it, if the wound bled, there is no risk of tetanus.",2021-07-27,fullfact,,"A Facebook post contains lots of false information about tetanus, including misinformation about the types of wounds that can lead to tetanus infection, and the fact that a bleeding wound means there is “NO tetanus”.  Tetanus is an infection caused by a bacteria called Clostridium tetani, and affects the muscles and nervous system. It is rare in the UK, but can be fatal. The symptoms are caused by toxins produced by the bacteria once it enters the body.   The bacteria that cause tetanus can live in the gut and faeces of horses and other animals.  The bacteria itself is anaerobic (lives in an oxygen-free environment), but it produces spores which allow it to reproduce. These spores can live in lots of different environments including ones with oxygen, like on surfaces and in soil, and can survive for a very long time. Infection in humans then occurs if spores are introduced into the body, for example through a cut or wound. The Facebook post claims: “If your wound was not caused by a rusty nail (embedded in a place where cattle, sheep, or horses graze and poop, or where cattle, sheep, or horses used to graze or poop) or a pitch fork while mucking stalls... you most likely don’t have to worry about tetanus.” This isn’t true. While some types of injuries may pose a higher risk than others, the NHS website describes several different types of injury that could pose a risk of tetanus infection, especially if you are not vaccinated, including eye injury, contaminated injections, piercings, burns and animal bites. Public Health England says tetanus may also follow injecting drug use or abdominal surgery.  The post adds: “Once exposed to oxygen, it dies. Blood carries oxygen, so if the wound is bleeding, it is being oxygenated.” Although it is true that the bacteria require an environment without oxygen, it is not true that the presence of oxygen eliminates the risk of tetanus infection. A bleeding wound does not completely eliminate the risk of tetanus.  Vaccines against tetanus are a large part of why we have so few cases in the UK. The vaccine can protect against tetanus infection, and it is included in the standard UK immunisation schedule.  The post claims that if there were concerns about tetanus exposure, the only thing that could help would be an injection of tetanus immunoglobulin. This contains antibodies that stop the tetanus toxin working and offers immediate short term protection. The NHS website says that if somebody has a very high risk wound (but has not yet developed symptoms), the wound would be cleaned and immunoglobulins may be given. In addition, if somebody has not been fully vaccinated against tetanus, or isn’t sure, they may be given a top up vaccine.  If a tetanus infection is suspected (due to symptoms or laboratory tests), lots of different treatments may be given, including immunoglobulins, and this would normally require admission to hospital and an intensive care setting.  Tetanus immunisation is usually combined with others, for example, polio and diphtheria.","https://www.facebook.com/janine.brockway/posts/10158480827243727,https://patient.info/childrens-health/immunisation/tetanus-immunisation,https://patient.info/childrens-health/immunisation/tetanus-immunisation#nav-0,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=7,https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002230.htm,https://www.britannica.com/science/spore-biology,https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tetanus,https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tetanus,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=7,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=8,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820628/Tetanus_information_for_health_professionals_2019.pdf#page=14,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tetanus/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/nhs-vaccinations-and-when-to-have-them/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/3-in-1-teenage-booster/,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Facebook post on tetanus jabs gets a lot wrong,,,,,,
+2,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-27,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/,The daily number of Covid-19 cases seriously understates the real total because it does not count reinfections.,2021-07-27,fullfact,,"ITV News’s political editor Robert Peston said in a tweet that the number of Covid-19 cases being reported each day on the government’s Coronavirus Dashboard “seriously understates” the real number, because people who catch the disease more than once are not counted after the first time. While it is true that these reinfections are not counted as new cases on the dashboard, this is unlikely to mean that the daily case number “seriously understates” the number of cases each day. According to figures published by Public Health England (PHE), there have been 23,105 “possible reinfections” of Covid-19 in England up to 4 July 2021. PHE defines a possible reinfection as one person giving two positive tests “at least 90 days apart”. These are not definite reinfections, however. PHE says: “For a possible reinfection to be categorised as confirmed it requires sequencing of a specimen at each episode and for the later specimen to be genetically distinct from that sequenced from the earlier episode.” This is often not possible, however, since not all positive samples are genomically sequenced. The proportion of cases that are suspected reinfections changes from week to week, but the overall rate has been estimated by a PHE epidemiologist at around 1%. On the day that Mr Peston posted his tweet, 29,173 new cases were reported in the UK on the Coronavirus Dashboard. If a further 1% had been detected as reinfections and added to the total, following the pattern in England, this would have amounted to an extra 290 cases or so. It is possible that reinfections may become more common over time, if immunity from past infections wanes, or if new variants of Covid prove more likely to reinfect people. (Indeed there are indications that PHE may monitor reinfections more closely in future.) Reinfections aside, it’s true that the number of cases reported each day does underestimate the total number of actual infections in the real world, since some infections are asymptomatic and not everyone gets tested. Overall though, it is not right to say that the reported daily case total “seriously understates” the total number of detected cases, as the current evidence suggests it would be only 1% higher if reinfections were included. Mr Peston has since clarified that his concern was that “the quality of the dashboard infections data was not what it should be because of the policy driven exclusion of those who have been infected a second time”.","https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/about-data#:~:text=If%20a%20person%20has%20more%20than%20one%20positive%20test%2C%20they%20are%20only%20counted%20as%20one%20case.,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005056/Weekly_Flu_and_COVID-19_report_w29.pdf#page=18,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005056/Weekly_Flu_and_COVID-19_report_w29.pdf#page=17,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-exceeds-600000-covid-19-tests-genomically-sequenced,https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1419246354224848897?s=20,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1419249293693698049,https://twitter.com/Peston/status/1419683464408875012?s=20,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Robert Peston overstated the importance of reinfections,,,,,,
+3,,,,Mixture,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-26,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/,The mandatory Covid-19 vaccine has been passed through the House of Lords without an impact assessment having been carried out.,2021-07-26,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook claims that a law mandating the Covid-19 vaccine has been passed through the House of Lords without an impact assessment.  This is true, but refers only to an amendment of the Health and Social Care Act which will make it a requirement for care home workers to be fully vaccinated against Covid-19 from October.  It is not mandatory for anyone else to have a Covid-19 vaccination.  This amendment was passed after being voted through the House of Commons and approved by the House of Lords, and it is now law. Baroness Wheeler, a Labour peer, tabled another amendment highlighting the fact that “a full impact assessment has not been published including analysis of the number of current staff who may not comply and the potential impact on care homes if care home staff become ineligible for work because they are not fully vaccinated or medically exempt”.  The lack of an impact statement also prompted the Regulatory Policy Committee (RPC), an independent group who assess the quality of evidence and analysis used to inform regulatory proposals across a number of policy areas, to say the Department of Health and Social Care should have produced an assessment and presented it to the RPC for scrutiny. The RPC also said it should have been seen by ministers and presented to Parliament before it was debated in the House of Commons.  Vaccines minister Nadhim Zahawi had said at a meeting of the Secondary Legislation Scrutiny Committee on 13 July, that the impact assessment was being worked on and would hopefully be made available by the end of that month.  During the debate on this in the Lords, Baroness Wheeler said that an impact statement had been provided, but not a more thorough impact assessment.","https://www.facebook.com/cassiesunshine369/posts/10157902819056857,https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/health-and-social-care-act-2008-regulated-activities-amendment-coronavirus-regulations-2021/#:~:text=would%20make%20it%20a%20requirement%20for%20workers%20in%20care%20homes%20to%20be%20fully%20vaccinated%20against%20coronavirus,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2021/891/contents/made,https://commonsbusiness.parliament.uk/document/49419/html#:~:text=11National%20Health%20Service,accordingly%20agreed%20to.,https://commonsbusiness.parliament.uk/document/49419/html#:~:text=11National%20Health%20Service,accordingly%20agreed%20to.,https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2021/891/contents/made,https://votes.parliament.uk/Votes/Lords/Division/2552,https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/regulatory-policy-committee/about#:~:text=we%20assess%20the%20quality%20of%20evidence%20and%20analysis%20used%20to%20inform%20regulatory%20proposals%20affecting%20the%20economy%2C%20businesses%2C%20civil%20society%2C%20charities%20and%20other%20non-government%20organisations.,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/regulatory-policy-committee-statement-on-the-draft-health-and-social-care-act-2008-regulated-activities-amendment-coronavirus-regulations-2021,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/2542/html/#:~:text=You%20are%20absolutely,with%20your%20permission.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/lords/2021-07-20/debates/8154B2EF-D373-4C43-8831-A6B79BCC29CA/Debate#contribution-DE2918F9-74F8-4FF5-A520-7290D1B589F6,https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/making-vaccination-a-condition-of-deployment-in-older-adult-care-homes/outcome/statement-of-impact-the-health-and-social-care-act-2008-regulated-activities-amendment-coronavirus-regulations-2021#cost-implications-for-care-home-providers,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Mandatory Covid-19 vaccine is only for care home workers,,,,,,
+4,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-26,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/,Vaccinated people are dying from Covid-19.,2021-07-26,fullfact,,"A widely shared Facebook post asks “If the jabbed are apparently dying from the unjabbed. Why are the unjabbed not dying? And why are the jabbed dying?”  As we have written about before, the Covid-19 vaccines have been shown to be highly effective in preventing serious illness and death from the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A recent Public Health England (PHE) study, for example, showed that two doses of vaccine are 96% effective against hospitalisation of patients infected with the delta variant.  However, no vaccine is 100% effective in preventing everyone from getting a disease, and some ‘breakthrough’ cases in vaccinated people are expected. Although the virus can be passed on from both vaccinated and unvaccinated people, we know that people who are vaccinated are less likely to transmit the virus. A July 2021 publication from PHE showed that amongst cases of the delta variant (which is now dominant in the UK), there have been 257 deaths within 28 days of a positive test in England since February 2021. Of these, just under half had received two doses of vaccine,  17% were amongst those who’d had the first dose and tested positive after a 21 day period (the time taken to build immunity), and 36% of those deaths were amongst unvaccinated people. However, this does not mean that the vaccines aren’t working, or are themselves causing the deaths.  It is important to remember that although the risk of death with Covid-19 is much reduced with vaccination, because so many people in the UK have been vaccinated, and uptake has been highest and provided first to the most vulnerable people, it is expected that many people who become unwell with Covid-19 will now be among those who are vaccinated.  As statisticians Professor Sir David Spiegelhalter, ​​chair of the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication at Cambridge University, and Anthony Masters, a statistical ambassador for the Royal Statistical Society, wrote in the Guardian, due to the age-related nature of Covid-19 deaths: someone aged 80 who is fully vaccinated has a similar risk profile to an unvaccinated person aged around 50.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=122998123360389&set=a.106860828307452&type=3,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001354/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_17.pdf#page=39,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-dose-of-covid-19-vaccine-can-cut-household-transmission-by-up-to-half,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=17,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=3,https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/commentisfree/2021/jun/27/why-most-people-who-now-die-with-covid-have-been-vaccinated,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines reduce the risk of death but don’t eliminate it altogether,,,,,,
+5,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-26,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/,Vaccinated people are dying from Covid-19.,2021-07-26,fullfact,,"A widely shared Facebook post asks “If the jabbed are apparently dying from the unjabbed. Why are the unjabbed not dying? And why are the jabbed dying?”  As we have written about before, the Covid-19 vaccines have been shown to be highly effective in preventing serious illness and death from the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A recent Public Health England (PHE) study, for example, showed that two doses of vaccine are 96% effective against hospitalisation of patients infected with the delta variant.  However, no vaccine is 100% effective in preventing everyone from getting a disease, and some ‘breakthrough’ cases in vaccinated people are expected. Although the virus can be passed on from both vaccinated and unvaccinated people, we know that people who are vaccinated are less likely to transmit the virus. A July 2021 publication from PHE showed that amongst cases of the delta variant (which is now dominant in the UK), there have been 257 deaths within 28 days of a positive test in England since February 2021. Of these, just under half had received two doses of vaccine,  17% were amongst those who’d had the first dose and tested positive after a 21 day period (the time taken to build immunity), and 36% of those deaths were amongst unvaccinated people. However, this does not mean that the vaccines aren’t working, or are themselves causing the deaths.  It is important to remember that although the risk of death with Covid-19 is much reduced with vaccination, because so many people in the UK have been vaccinated, and uptake has been highest and provided first to the most vulnerable people, it is expected that many people who become unwell with Covid-19 will now be among those who are vaccinated.  As statisticians Professor Sir David Spiegelhalter, ​​chair of the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication at Cambridge University, and Anthony Masters, a statistical ambassador for the Royal Statistical Society, wrote in the Guardian, due to the age-related nature of Covid-19 deaths: someone aged 80 who is fully vaccinated has a similar risk profile to an unvaccinated person aged around 50.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=122998123360389&set=a.106860828307452&type=3,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001354/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_17.pdf#page=39,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-dose-of-covid-19-vaccine-can-cut-household-transmission-by-up-to-half,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=17,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=3,https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/commentisfree/2021/jun/27/why-most-people-who-now-die-with-covid-have-been-vaccinated,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines reduce the risk of death but don’t eliminate it altogether,,,,,,
+6,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+7,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+8,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+9,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+10,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-23,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/,Vaccines have severed the link between Covid-19 infections and serious disease or death.,2021-07-23,fullfact,,"In a speech to Parliament on 22 July, the Labour MP Dawn Butler said that Boris Johnson “has lied to this House and the country, over and over again”. This broke the rules about “unparliamentary language”, which say that accusations of “deliberate falsehood” must only be made with prior permission of the Speaker. Ms Butler did not withdraw her comments and was asked to leave the House for the rest of the day as a result. Ms Butler based most of her claims that the Prime Minister lied on a widely viewed video from the lawyer and campaigner Peter Stefanovic. It is often impossible to say for sure whether somebody is “lying”, because you’d need to know that they intended to deceive people. At Full Fact, our focus is on whether the claim being made is true, not the intention behind it. However, it is correct that the majority of Mr Johnson’s claims that Ms Butler mentioned were either false or misleading.   On 29 January 2020, Boris Johnson said: “The economy, under this Conservative government, has grown by 73%.” Ms Butler is correct that this claim is false. As we wrote at the time, and as Mr Stefanovic says in his video, the 73% figure describes growth since 1990, not since 2010, which means it covers a much longer period that also includes 13 years of Labour government.   On 26 February 2020, Boris Johnson did say: “We have restored the nurses’ bursary.” He made similar claims on 4 March 2020 and 19 May 2021. A bursary for student nurses was reintroduced in 2019, but it did not restore funding for tuition fees that existed before. Under the bursary scheme which existed until 2017, new nursing students were entitled to a non-means tested grant of £1,000 a year, and a means tested bursary to help with living costs up to £3,191. Additional funding elements were available for certain students. Students who qualified for a bursary also had the costs of their tuition paid.  In 2017, following plans announced by George Osborne in 2015, the Conservative government led by Theresa May replaced this bursary with access to the full loan system used by other students, and began requiring student nurses to pay their own tuition fees. Some extra grants remained available for students with children or experiencing hardship. In December 2019, the Conservative government led by Boris Johnson announced the introduction of an additional £5,000 grant for all student nurses to help with living costs, with an additional £3,000 available for some eligible students. However, students would continue to pay their own tuition fees. This is not the same system that existed before 2017, so in that sense it is not true that the old bursary has been “restored”. Mr Johnson’s government has reintroduced a system in which all student nurses receive a non-repayable grant from the government, but it does not pay their tuition fees on their behalf, which was the system when the old bursary applied.   The Prime Minister said on 24 June 2020: “The [Covid-19 contact-tracing] app would be the icing on the cake, if we can get it to work. If we can get it to work, it would be a fine thing, but there isn’t one anywhere in the world so far.” We checked a similar claim that he made the day before, when he said: “No country currently has a functioning track and trace app”. The truth of this really depends on what you think it means for a contact-tracing app to “work” or “function”. Many countries had launched apps that were operational when the Prime Minister was speaking. However, at the time it was not yet clear whether any of their technological approaches were effective, or whether they’d been downloaded widely enough to reduce the spread of Covid. There is now some evidence that contact-tracing apps have been effective to some extent in several countries, including the UK. Arguably, Mr Johnson oversimplified the situation by claiming that no app was working anywhere (when he couldn’t yet be sure, and apps were certainly available and being downloaded by millions of people), but Ms Butler also oversimplified things by claiming that he was definitely wrong (which we can’t be sure he was at the time, either).     Mr Johnson said on 15 July 2020 that “the government are engaged in record investments in the NHS of £34bn.” And it was not the first time he had made this claim. Technically speaking, it is true in absolute cash terms, but this is a misleading way to measure it.   As we explained in November 2019, the government did announce a £34 billion spending increase for the NHS between 2018/19 and 2023/24. However, this figure does not account for inflation, which tends to make the actual value of a sum of money diminish over time. If you do account for inflation, which is the fairest way to compare sums of money across time, then the ‘real terms’ value of the spending increase was £20.5 billion. Nor is this spending increase a “record”. The last time NHS spending rose by at least this much in real terms was between 2004/05 and 2009/10.   This comes from Prime Minister’s Questions on 7 July 2021, when Mr Johnson said: “Scientists are also absolutely clear that we have severed the link between infection and serious disease and death.” Ms Butler is correct that this is not true. Vaccination is highly effective against the worst effects of Covid-19, but it is not perfectly effective. Recent data from Public Health England shows that even fully vaccinated people do sometimes get seriously ill with the disease, and a few still die. It is therefore not right to say that the link has been completely “severed” between infection and serious disease or death, although it has certainly been severely weakened. We have not attempted to determine whether the Prime Minister was ‘lying’ in any of these instances. The Ministerial Code states: “It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity.” The Prime Minister has corrected none of the errors mentioned in this piece, at the time of writing.","https://parliamentlive.tv/event/index/e9085c07-ac3b-43dd-9dbf-71911d435363?in=15:37:55&out=15:39:46,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmproced/writev/language/p19.htm,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://twitter.com/PeterStefanovi2/status/1417524808141639682?s=20,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-29/debates/821DAC2A-A644-40CF-86AE-5D8CB585640D/Engagements#contribution-6FD04C53-12E7-47D0-B2DF-25B5857BD6C7,https://fullfact.org/economy/boris-johnson-economic-growth/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-02-26/debates/6A733918-AC43-4143-A629-0BA4AF5A932B/Engagements#contribution-5D74B73E-78A7-437F-84C3-5D6DD99E8A8C,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-03-04/debates/034D0B7F-9941-489F-ADDD-69F0E6FC7CA9/Engagements#contribution-DC09ECB4-8137-41A1-B314-DA2E27FC34D5,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-05-19/debates/C4EF032A-1F6B-429D-934D-B8BBF28D7B95/Engagements#contribution-357DC6C3-1BD3-49BF-B747-783999136D83,https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7436/CBP-7436.pdf#page=7,https://web.archive.org/web/20170329095234/http:/www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk:80/Documents/Students/Your_guide_to_NHS_Student_Bursaries_2016_-17_(V1)_09.2015_Web.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/spending-review-and-autumn-statement-2015-key-announcements,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#why-changes-to-funding-have-been-made,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-bursary-reform/nhs-bursary-reform#additional-funding,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nursing-students-to-receive-5-000-payment-a-year,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-06-24/debates/A22E1955-6855-4DCA-B5A8-0A0D97A71BB5/PrimeMinister#contribution-68A65581-DFA5-452D-A4EE-91036487A53F,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00451-y,https://fullfact.org/health/coronavirus-track-and-trace-app-boris-johnson/,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-07-15/debates/8EB241F4-52D1-4AAD-9A64-D1D544FEE903/Engagements#contribution-A9E9FA33-D061-43FC-AE47-3AE1E59E7BB7,https://fullfact.org/health/boris-johnsons-first-interview-2020-fact-checked/,https://fullfact.org/election-2019/nhs-spending-biggest-boost/,https://fullfact.org/economy/economics-glossary/#:~:text=If%20an%20amount%20of%20money,%E2%80%9Creal%20terms%E2%80%9D%20pay%20rise.,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/1C736EA1-AB82-4BE4-81D6-9D2F284BEAB3/Engagements#contribution-630FC374-5980-43EC-A603-37F1237EDAEC,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1005517/Technical_Briefing_19.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmselect/cmproced/622/622ap28.htm,https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1423&startDate=07%2F23%2F2016%2000%3A00%3A00&endDate=07%2F23%2F2021%2000%3A00%3A00&type=Corrections,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Was Dawn Butler right about Boris Johnson ‘lying’ to Parliament?,,,,,,
+11,,,,False,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-22,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/,Pictures show Boris Johnson has received a Covid-19 vaccine three times.,2021-07-22,fullfact,,"A number of posts on social media claim that pictures show Boris Johnson receiving three doses of the Covid-19 vaccines.  Two of the pictures do show the Prime Minister receiving a Covid-19 vaccine—his first dose in March 2021 and his second in June.  But the third picture shows him receiving a different vaccine, the annual flu jab, in October 2019.  A clue that this third photograph was taken before vaccine roll out began in December is the fact that, unlike in the other two pictures, Mr Johnson is not wearing a face mask.  This photograph was also taken in Downing Street, rather than in a medical setting like the other two pictures.  The NHS has been given the go-ahead to start a programme of booster Covid-19 vaccines before winter, but the rollout is not expected to start until the autumn. This will mean that all adults aged 50 or over— which will include Mr Johnson—as well as anyone over 16 who qualifies for a flu jab will be offered a third vaccination.  Only two doses are being given at present.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10159938653122697&set=a.10150496491497697&type=3,https://www.instagram.com/p/CRga4vGJ1-e/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.instagram.com/p/CRe7uj3Joiz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/boris-johnson-first-dose-of-astrazeneca-oxford-covid-19-jab-b925189.html#:~:text=else.%22-,The%20Prime%20Minister%20urged%20everyone,%2F%20%20AP,-The%20Prime,https://www.itv.com/news/2021-06-03/covid-boris-johnson-receives-second-coronavirus-vaccine-dose#:~:text=boris%20johnson%20receives%20his%20second%20dose%20of%20the%20astrazeneca%20coronavirus%20vaccine.%20credit%3A%20pa,https://www.forbes.com/sites/jemimamcevoy/2020/12/02/boris-johnson-may-take-newly-approved-covid-vaccine-live-on-tv/?sh=574530234e28#:~:text=speed.-,Prime%20Minister%20Boris%20Johnson,Getty%20Images,-Key,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-55227325,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-57667987,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/coronavirus-vaccination/coronavirus-vaccine/#:~:text=the%20covid-19%20vaccines%20currently%20available%20are%20given%20in%202%20doses.,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Boris Johnson hasn’t had three Covid-19 vaccines,,,,,,
+12,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-22,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/,"Everybody who’s self-isolating is entitled, in addition to the equivalent of the living wage and statutory sick pay, to help in extreme circumstances from their local councils and also to a £500 payment to help them with self-isolation.",2021-07-22,fullfact,,"At Prime Minister’s Questions, Boris Johnson suggested that everybody who’s self-isolating due to Covid-19 is entitled to the equivalent of living wage, statutory sick pay, council support in extreme circumstances and a £500 payment. This is not true. All employees (with a few exceptions) are entitled to statutory sick pay from their employer of £96.35 a week if they are self-isolating (provided the reason for self-isolating isn’t that they have recently returned from abroad). But people are not legally entitled to the equivalent of the living wage (£8.91 an hour for over 23s) while they are self-isolating. Although some employers may of course choose to continue to pay them the living wage while they’re off, as if it were sick leave, and this may be a part of their contractual obligations.  It’s unclear whether Mr Johnson just meant that all employees are entitled to the living wage in general, which is broadly true, except under-23s and apprentices. However, the suggestion that people are entitled to receive the “equivalent” of the living wage while self-isolating, is not. People on low incomes who receive certain benefits, including self-employed people, can also apply for a £500 support payment from their local council.  Some of those who do not receive the right benefits to qualify may get a discretionary payment from their council instead. However, this is an alternative to the support payment, not an additional payment. Nor is “everybody” entitled to it, as the Prime Minister’s comments might have suggested. There is provision for councils to make the £500 payment to people in “extreme circumstances”, but it remains a “discretionary” payment that they are not guaranteed to receive. We have asked Downing Street to clarify Mr Johnson’s comments but at the time of writing it had not responded.","https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/self-isolation-and-treatment/when-to-self-isolate-and-what-to-do/,https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay/eligibility-and-form-ssp1,https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay,https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-rates,https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-rates,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme-claiming-financial-support/claiming-financial-support-under-the-test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme-claiming-financial-support/claiming-financial-support-under-the-test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme,https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/benefits/coronavirus-getting-benefits-if-youre-self-isolating/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme-claiming-financial-support/claiming-financial-support-under-the-test-and-trace-support-payment-scheme#:~:text=for%20a%20%C2%A3500-,discretionary,-payment%20if%20all,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Boris Johnson was wrong to say that “everybody” is entitled to extra self-isolation support,,,,,,
+13,,,,Mixture,Pippa Allen-Kinross,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/,Sir Patrick Vallance said 60% of people currently in hospital with Covid-19 were double vaccinated.,2021-07-21,fullfact,,"The government’s Chief Scientific Adviser Sir Patrick Vallance has corrected comments made at a press conference on 19 July, when he claimed that 60% of people currently in hospital with Covid-19 were double vaccinated.  Writing on Twitter the same evening, he clarified: “About 60% of hospitalisations from covid are not from double vaccinated people, rather 60% of hospitalisations from covid are currently from unvaccinated people.” However, some users on social media are continuing to share the original, incorrect claim without acknowledging the correction in their posts.  The most recent data publicly available from Public Health England, covering the period between 1 February and 21 June 2021, shows there were 1,165 confirmed Delta variant cases where presentation to emergency care resulted in an overnight stay (although this is likely an underestimate). Of these, 733 cases were people who were unvaccinated (63%). Of those who had been vaccinated, 173 cases had received both doses of the vaccine (14.8%), 162 cases had received their first dose of the vaccine more than 21 days ago (13.9%) and 74 had received the first dose less than 21 days ago (6.4%).  As we have written before, none of the Covid-19 vaccines currently available are 100% effective, but vaccines have been found to be highly effective against the risk of hospitalisation. The fact so many people have been vaccinated, and vaccine take up has been very high amongst those most at risk, means it is expected that many people now presenting with Covid in hospitals will have received one or more doses of the vaccine. We welcome Sir Patrick’s correction. It is important that public figures are transparent about errors that they make and issue corrections in a timely manner.","https://youtu.be/3EkYBeoGgV8?t=1544,https://twitter.com/uksciencechief/status/1417204235356213252?s=20,https://www.instagram.com/p/CRjOscMNAiF/,https://www.instagram.com/p/CRhSSlONDC6/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.facebook.com/jordan.nixon.946/posts/10224820733767355,https://www.facebook.com/janine.davies.129/posts/10226433634405379,https://www.instagram.com/reel/CRhWEN2hAHT/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=17,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001358/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_18.pdf#page=18,https://fullfact.org/online/fully-vaccinated-deaths-daily-expose/,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Double vaccinated people do not make up 60% of Covid-19 hospitalisations,,,,,,
+14,,,,False,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/,"“Forcing” young women to have Covid-19 vaccines is “almost certain” to lead to increased stillbirths, miscarriages, disabled children and infertility.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"In a widely shared and now-deleted tweet, Reform UK leader Richard Tice claimed that “forcing” young women to have the Covid-19 vaccine is “almost certain” to lead to “increased stillbirths, miscarriages, disabled children, infertility”. There is no evidence to support this claim. Mr Tice appeared to be reacting to the announcement that people attending nightclubs and other venues where large numbers of people gather in England will need to be fully vaccinated from the end of September.  When asked on Twitter to back up his claim, Mr Tice later cited the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency’s (MHRA) Yellow Card scheme, and a similar programme also used to monitor suspected side effects of vaccines in the US called the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).  After being questioned on why he shared inaccurate information about the vaccines, Mr Tice  later deleted the tweet and apologised.  As we have written before, the Yellow Card scheme relies on voluntary reporting from medics and members of the public, and is intended to provide an early warning of any previously unknown risks. An adverse event that occurs after vaccination did not necessarily occur because of it. As the MHRA explains: “The nature of Yellow Card reporting means that reported events are not always proven side effects. Some events may have happened anyway, regardless of vaccination.”  The VAERS site includes a similar caveat, stating: “Healthcare providers, vaccine manufacturers, and the public can submit reports to VAERS. While very important in monitoring vaccine safety, VAERS reports alone cannot be used to determine if a vaccine caused or contributed to an adverse event or illness.  “The reports may contain information that is incomplete, inaccurate, coincidental, or unverifiable. Most reports to VAERS are voluntary, which means they are subject to biases.” Claims that the vaccine can affect a woman’s fertility due to the generation of the spike protein have circulated since the start of the vaccine rollout. As we have written before, there is no evidence this is true.  The latest government data shows that 46 million people in the UK have had at least one dose of a Covid-19 vaccine.  The most recent adverse reaction data published by the MHRA shows that there have been six reports of stillbirths after a Covid-19 vaccine, four reports of foetal death, 339 reports of spontaneous abortion (miscarriage), and nine reports of infertility (two male, one female, five unspecified).  As we have written before, it’s sadly estimated one in five pregnancies ends in miscarriage, with an estimated 250,000 miscarriages in the UK each year, so the number of miscarriages reported after vaccination doesn’t appear to exceed the expected level.  Advice from the NHS says there is no evidence that the Covid-19 vaccines affect fertility, and the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines have been “widely used during pregnancy in other countries and no safety concerns have been identified.” Evidence reviewed by the MHRA “has raised no specific concerns for safety in pregnancy”. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists states on its website: “Covid-19 vaccines do not contain ingredients that are known to be harmful to pregnant women or to a developing baby.  “Studies of the vaccines in animals to look at the effects on pregnancy have shown no evidence that the vaccine causes harm to the pregnancy or to fertility.” Mr Tice also said the Covid-19 vaccines have “emergency approval only”. All three of the vaccines currently in use in the UK (Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Moderna) have been authorised for use. A fourth, Janssen has been authorised, but is not yet in use.  Across the UK, the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine has a temporary authorisation (sometimes known as a regulation 174 authorisation) issued by the MHRA, which is an emergency authorisation.  In Great Britain, the Oxford-AstraZeneca, Moderna and Janssen vaccines have another type of authorisation, called a “conditional marketing authorisation” which has been issued by the MHRA.  We have written more about the difference between these types of authorisation before.","https://twitter.com/TiceRichard/status/1417173243782475783,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-57893788,https://twitter.com/TiceRichard/status/1417462595175522305,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/,https://vaers.hhs.gov/,https://twitter.com/TiceRichard/status/1417534451534467073,https://fullfact.org/online/yellow-card-astrazeneca-reactions/#:~:text=REACTIONS-,The%20Yellow%20Card%20scheme,who%20have%20underlying%20illness,-The,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting#summary,https://wonder.cdc.gov/vaers.html#:~:text=Healthcare,scientifically,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccine-covid-fertility/,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=66,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003228/COVID-19_AstraZeneca_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=85,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=66,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=66,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003228/COVID-19_AstraZeneca_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=85,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003230/COVID-19_Moderna_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=30,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003231/COVID-19_Brand_Unspecified_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=19,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=78,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003228/COVID-19_AstraZeneca_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=97,https://fullfact.org/online/Covid-vaccine-miscarriage-false/,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/coronavirus-vaccination/pregnancy-breastfeeding-fertility-and-coronavirus-covid-19-vaccination/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/safety-of-covid-19-vaccines-when-given-in-pregnancy/the-safety-of-covid-19-vaccines-when-given-in-pregnancy,https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/coronavirus-covid-19-pregnancy-and-womens-health/covid-19-vaccines-and-pregnancy/covid-19-vaccines-pregnancy-and-breastfeeding/,https://fullfact.org/online/car-multiclaim-video/#:~:text=All%20three,authorisation%20before,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-uk-recipients-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/conditions-of-authorisation-for-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca#history,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-moderna,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-covid-19-vaccine-janssen,https://fullfact.org/health/covid-vaccines/,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Richard Tice makes misleading claims about Covid-19 vaccines and fertility,,,,,,
+15,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/charles-walker-youngsters-covid-risk/,Young people are not at risk from Covid-19 at all.,2021-07-21,fullfact,,"During a conversation about nightclub rules on the BBC radio programme World at One, the Conservative MP Sir Charles Walker said that young people are not at risk from Covid-19. This is not true. Although the risks of Covid-19 to young people are very low, it is not right to say that they face no risk at all. In England and Wales, since the pandemic started, 237 people under the age of 30 have died with Covid mentioned on their death certificates as either an underlying or contributory cause. Within this group, the risk is higher among those old enough to go to nightclubs. A small number of young people also become seriously ill with Covid, even if they do not die. The latest data from England, Wales and Northern Ireland suggests that since September about 2.9% of hospital patients critically ill with Covid were younger than 30. There also appears to be a risk of ‘long Covid’, when symptoms last for a long time, although the size of this risk is currently difficult to quantify.","https://medium.com/wintoncentre/what-have-been-the-fatal-risks-of-covid-particularly-to-children-and-younger-adults-a5cbf7060c49,https://twitter.com/zorinaq/status/1406714693507375106?s=20,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/weeklyprovisionalfiguresondeathsregisteredinenglandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/weeklyprovisionalfiguresondeathsregisteredinenglandandwales,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2770542/#:~:text=Young%20adults%20age%2018%20to%2034%20years%20hospitalized%20with%20COVID-19%20experienced%20substantial%20rates%20of%20adverse%20outcomes%3A%2021%25%20required%20intensive%20care%2C%2010%25%20required%20mechanical%20ventilation%2C%20and%202.7%25%20died.,https://www.icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports,https://www.icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports,https://www.icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports,https://www.icnarc.org/our-audit/audits/cmp/reports,https://fullfact.org/health/extrapolating-figures-around-long-covid-kids-not-way-go/,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Young people do face a small risk from Covid,,,,,,
+16,,,,True,Grace Rahman,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/,"In the UK on 1 July 2021, 66% had had their first vaccination, 49% had had their second, and there were 27,989 new cases of Covid-19.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"A post on Instagram seems to imply that the vaccine is causing more Covid-19 cases, by comparing the number of new cases at the start of July 2021, with the same time last year. It correctly states that there were 27,989 new cases reported on 1 July 2021, but incorrectly suggests that there were 63 new daily cases reported on 1 July 2020 in the UK, when there were actually 829. The national Covid-19 vaccine roll-out didn’t start until 8 December. It’s true that, by 1 July 2020, 66% of the total population had received a first dose and 49% had received their second, although that population includes those under 18, who are not routinely advised to have the vaccine. The percentage of adults who had had their first and second vaccines by 1 July 2021 was 86% and 63% respectively. But to suggest then that the vaccines have not slowed transmission, or even increased it, ignores the fact that a lot of other things have changed in the year between these dates. A more transmissible strain of Covid-19 is now dominant, testing is much more prominent now, and restrictions have generally eased across the UK.  The Covid-19 vaccines are highly effective at preventing Covid-19, and at preventing hospitalisations and death following Covid-19 infection, including from the Delta variant. There’s also evidence that they can reduce the risk of you passing Covid-19 to household contacts, if you do happen to get infected.  Getting vaccinated doesn’t guarantee that you won’t get Covid-19, but it does decrease the chance of getting seriously ill and having to hospitalised, and dying of the disease. It certainly isn’t causing more cases, as the Instagram post implies.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CRZ26g9LIIz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_specimen_date,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-55153325,https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2021-07-01&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=People+vaccinated+%28by+dose%29&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=~GBR,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-and-young-people,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations#card-latest_reported_vaccination_uptake,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1000661/8_July_2021_Risk_assessment_for_SARS-CoV-2_variant_DELTA_02.00-1.pdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/testing#card-virus_tests_conducted,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/charts/uk-government-coronavirus-lockdowns,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-vaccine-surveillance-report-published,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines have not caused daily cases to increase,,,,,,
+17,,,,True,Grace Rahman,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/,"In the UK on 1 July 2021, 66% had had their first vaccination, 49% had had their second, and there were 27,989 new cases of Covid-19.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"A post on Instagram seems to imply that the vaccine is causing more Covid-19 cases, by comparing the number of new cases at the start of July 2021, with the same time last year. It correctly states that there were 27,989 new cases reported on 1 July 2021, but incorrectly suggests that there were 63 new daily cases reported on 1 July 2020 in the UK, when there were actually 829. The national Covid-19 vaccine roll-out didn’t start until 8 December. It’s true that, by 1 July 2020, 66% of the total population had received a first dose and 49% had received their second, although that population includes those under 18, who are not routinely advised to have the vaccine. The percentage of adults who had had their first and second vaccines by 1 July 2021 was 86% and 63% respectively. But to suggest then that the vaccines have not slowed transmission, or even increased it, ignores the fact that a lot of other things have changed in the year between these dates. A more transmissible strain of Covid-19 is now dominant, testing is much more prominent now, and restrictions have generally eased across the UK.  The Covid-19 vaccines are highly effective at preventing Covid-19, and at preventing hospitalisations and death following Covid-19 infection, including from the Delta variant. There’s also evidence that they can reduce the risk of you passing Covid-19 to household contacts, if you do happen to get infected.  Getting vaccinated doesn’t guarantee that you won’t get Covid-19, but it does decrease the chance of getting seriously ill and having to hospitalised, and dying of the disease. It certainly isn’t causing more cases, as the Instagram post implies.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CRZ26g9LIIz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_specimen_date,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-55153325,https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2021-07-01&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=People+vaccinated+%28by+dose%29&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=~GBR,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-and-young-people,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations#card-latest_reported_vaccination_uptake,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1000661/8_July_2021_Risk_assessment_for_SARS-CoV-2_variant_DELTA_02.00-1.pdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/testing#card-virus_tests_conducted,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/charts/uk-government-coronavirus-lockdowns,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-vaccine-surveillance-report-published,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines have not caused daily cases to increase,,,,,,
+18,,,,True,Grace Rahman,2021-07-21,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/,"In the UK on 1 July 2021, 66% had had their first vaccination, 49% had had their second, and there were 27,989 new cases of Covid-19.",2021-07-21,fullfact,,"A post on Instagram seems to imply that the vaccine is causing more Covid-19 cases, by comparing the number of new cases at the start of July 2021, with the same time last year. It correctly states that there were 27,989 new cases reported on 1 July 2021, but incorrectly suggests that there were 63 new daily cases reported on 1 July 2020 in the UK, when there were actually 829. The national Covid-19 vaccine roll-out didn’t start until 8 December. It’s true that, by 1 July 2020, 66% of the total population had received a first dose and 49% had received their second, although that population includes those under 18, who are not routinely advised to have the vaccine. The percentage of adults who had had their first and second vaccines by 1 July 2021 was 86% and 63% respectively. But to suggest then that the vaccines have not slowed transmission, or even increased it, ignores the fact that a lot of other things have changed in the year between these dates. A more transmissible strain of Covid-19 is now dominant, testing is much more prominent now, and restrictions have generally eased across the UK.  The Covid-19 vaccines are highly effective at preventing Covid-19, and at preventing hospitalisations and death following Covid-19 infection, including from the Delta variant. There’s also evidence that they can reduce the risk of you passing Covid-19 to household contacts, if you do happen to get infected.  Getting vaccinated doesn’t guarantee that you won’t get Covid-19, but it does decrease the chance of getting seriously ill and having to hospitalised, and dying of the disease. It certainly isn’t causing more cases, as the Instagram post implies.","https://www.instagram.com/p/CRZ26g9LIIz/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_date_reported,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases#card-cases_by_specimen_date,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-55153325,https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-data-explorer?zoomToSelection=true&time=2021-07-01&pickerSort=asc&pickerMetric=location&Metric=People+vaccinated+%28by+dose%29&Interval=7-day+rolling+average&Relative+to+Population=true&Align+outbreaks=false&country=~GBR,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-and-young-people,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/vaccinations#card-latest_reported_vaccination_uptake,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1000661/8_July_2021_Risk_assessment_for_SARS-CoV-2_variant_DELTA_02.00-1.pdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/testing#card-virus_tests_conducted,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/charts/uk-government-coronavirus-lockdowns,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=4,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-vaccine-surveillance-report-published,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/vaccines-highly-effective-against-hospitalisation-from-delta-variant,https://khub.net/documents/135939561/390853656/Impact+of+vaccination+on+household+transmission+of+SARS-COV-2+in+England.pdf/35bf4bb1-6ade-d3eb-a39e-9c9b25a8122a?t=1619601878136,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1002580/Vaccine_surveillance_report_-_week_28.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Vaccines have not caused daily cases to increase,,,,,,
+19,,,,True,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/tfl-self-isolation-pilot/,TfL is part of a pilot whereby staff required to self-isolate can instead take daily Covid-19 tests at work.,2021-07-20,fullfact,,"Transport for London (TfL) has confirmed to Full Fact that it has been participating in a pilot where staff can take daily Covid-19 tests at work instead of self-isolating, after earlier suggesting it was unaware of its formal involvement in the trial. On Sunday, 18 July, it was announced that, as part of this pilot, the Prime Minister and the Chancellor were not required to self-isolate after coming into contact with the health secretary Sajid Javid, who then tested positive for Covid-19. This decision was later reversed and both are now self-isolating.  After accusations that the government had received preferential treatment, ministers including Robert Jenrick and Nadhim Zahawi stressed that the pilot scheme included other participants including TfL, and not just the government. TfL, however, responded suggesting it was not part of the trial and was “waiting for formal notification from [the government] that we are part of this trial.” The head of the RMT trade union said: “For the government to claim there is an agreed scheme or system is totally untrue.” But the Department for Health and Social Care (DHSC) told us that TfL currently have two sites registered as part of the pilot And a TfL spokesperson later confirmed: “We have been part of a limited location-based trial at two sites which allows staff who have been notified by Test & Trace to take a lateral flow test at one of these sites on seven consecutive days and continue working throughout if negative.” The two locations included its own main office in Southwark, as well as King’s Cross station.  DHSC said that the trial has been running since December among organisations in England with workplace testing sites, and that Downing Street joined the trial in May.  TfL confirmed that when it said it was “waiting for formal notification from them that we are part of this trial”, it had been referring to a different trial, whereby employees can take tests at home instead of self-isolating, after being told to do so by NHS Test & Trace.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-57877373,https://news.sky.com/story/pm-and-sunak-not-isolating-despite-being-pinged-after-javids-positive-covid-test-12358198,https://twitter.com/RidgeOnSunday/status/1416735259740225536,https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m000y35m/breakfast-19072021,https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/18/unions-deny-rail-and-tube-staff-in-scheme-to-skip-self-isolation,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",TfL is part of self-isolation pilot scheme,,,,,,
+20,,,,Other,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/news/boris-johnson-whatsapp-covid-life-expectancy-cummings/,"The average age of Covid-19 deaths is higher than the average life expectancy, which means that people who get Covid live longer.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"In an allegedly leaked WhatsApp message, shared with the BBC by the Prime Minister’s former chief political adviser Dominic Cummings, Boris Johnson appears to say “get Covid and live longer”, alluding to the average age of Covid-19 deaths.  Screenshots of the supposed message from Mr Johnson, shared on Twitter and dated 15 October 2020, read: “I must say I have been slightly rocked by some of the data on Covid fatalities. The median age is 82 - 81 for men 85 for women.  “That is above life expectancy. So get Covid and live longer.”  While Downing Street has denied other claims made by Mr Cummings, they have so far not denied that the message was sent by Mr Johnson. The idea that people who die of Covid have lived longer than average fails to appreciate these are the very people who would have been expected to live much longer. As we have written before, people dying of Covid lose about a decade of life, on average. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) does not regularly publish information on the average age of Covid-19 deaths but, as we have written before, a response to a Freedom of Information (FOI) request published in January 2021 shows that between the week ending 9 October, 2020, and the week ending 1 January, 2021, the median age of deaths involving Covid-19 was 83.  Data published through a different FOI request to the ONS shows that the median age of Covid-19 deaths in England and Wales, up to and including 2 October, 2020, was also 83. According to the most recent statistics from the ONS, the average life expectancy at birth in the UK from 2017 to 2019 was 79.4 years for males and 83.1 years for females.  This would appear to show that the message attributed to Mr Johnson was correct—but it is not how life expectancy works in reality.  Life expectancy is an average, which means it is pulled down by people who die young. It also means that life expectancy increases as you age.  A set of data called the National Life Tables, produced by the ONS, shows how life expectancy adjusts as a person ages.  An 82-year-old man can expect to live for another 7.4 years on average, while an 85-year-old woman can expect to live another 6.87 years on average.  People dying of Covid in their 80s before they otherwise would have died, itself reduces average life expectancy.  The idea that you can ‘get Covid and live longer’ fails to take this into account, and therefore misunderstands the impact of Covid-19 deaths.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-57854811#:~:text=the%20%22median%20age%22%20for%20those%20dying%20was%20between%2081%20and%2082%20for%20men%20and%2085%20for%20women%2C%20the%20prime%20minister%20allegedly%20wrote%2C%20adding%3A%20%22that%20is%20above%20life%20expectancy.%20so%20get%20covid%20and%20live%20longer.,https://twitter.com/faisalislam/status/1417397768931401754,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-57854811#:~:text=downing%20street%20denied%20that%20this%20incident%20took%20place%20and%20buckingham%20palace%20declined%20to%20comment.],https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/#:~:text=people%20dying%20of%20covid%20have%20still%20lost%20about%20a%20decade%20of%20life%2C%20on%20average.,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-cremation-pcr-asymptomatic-transmission/#:~:text=The%20ONS%20does,was%20also%2083,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/adhocs/12773averageageofdeathmedianandmeanofpersonswhosedeathwasduetocovid19orinvolvedcovid19bysexdeathsregisteredinweekending9october2020toweekending1january2021englandandwales,https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/averageageofthosewhohaddiedwithcovid19,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/lifeexpectancies/bulletins/nationallifetablesunitedkingdom/2017to2019#:~:text=life%20expectancy%20at%20birth%20in%20the%20uk%20in%202017%20to%202019%20was%2079.4%20years%20for%20males%20and%2083.1%20years%20for%20females,https://www.covid-arg.com/post/get-covid-and-live-longer#:~:text=above-,life%20expectancy%20is%20an,at%20least%2080%20years,-The,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/lifeexpectancies/bulletins/nationallifetablesunitedkingdom/2017to2019#:~:text=national%20life%20tables%3A%20uk%20dataset%20%7C%20released%2024%20september%202020,https://fullfact.org/news/dawn-butler-boris-johnson-lying/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/what-has-prime-minister-said-about-booing-england-players/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/times-woke-survey/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/michael-gove-public-first/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/news/sun-cancel-culture/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Average Covid-19 victim dies years before they otherwise would,,,,,,
+21,,,,Mixture,Grace Rahman,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/,"There have been 1,400 deaths and one million injured from Covid-19 vaccinations in the UK.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The front page of free newspaper ‘The Light’, shared on Facebook, claimed that there have been 1,400 deaths and a million injuries “from covid injections” in the UK. There have been just over 1,470 deaths following a Covid-19 vaccination in the UK, according to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency’s (MHRA) Yellow Card reporting scheme, as of 7 July 2020. These deaths aren’t necessarily caused by the vaccine though. The MHRA says: “Vaccination and surveillance of large populations means that, by chance, some people will experience and report a new illness or events in the days and weeks after vaccination.  “A high proportion of people vaccinated early in the vaccination campaign were very elderly, and/or had pre-existing medical conditions. Older age and chronic underlying illnesses make it more likely that coincidental adverse events will occur, especially given the millions of people vaccinated.” The MHRA has identified a possible link between a type of extremely rare blood clot occurring with low levels of platelets and the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine. There have been 74 fatal cases of this following this vaccination as of 7 July. There have been just over a million suspected reactions reported as of 7 July. Again, these adverse reactions weren’t definitely caused by the vaccination, but were reported afterwards, either by the individual themselves or a healthcare professional. Not all of these were serious “injuries”, as The Light describes them. For example, there were over 14,000 reported suspected side effects of fatigue following the Pfizer vaccine. The main body of The Light’s front page text, which is blurry in the Facebook picture, goes on to say: “More than 1400 deaths have been reported following covid injections in the UK”. This is technically correct but, as said, the fact a death is reported following a vaccination is no proof the vaccine was the cause.","https://thelightpaper.co.uk/assets/pdf/The-Light-11D-Miki-FINAL.pdf,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10158628780561795&set=a.493612736794&type=3,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003414/Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting_07.07.2021_-_Clean.pdf#page=17,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003414/Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting_07.07.2021_-_Clean.pdf#page=17,https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-issues-new-advice-concluding-a-possible-link-between-covid-19-vaccine-astrazeneca-and-extremely-rare-unlikely-to-occur-blood-clots,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003414/Coronavirus_vaccine_-_summary_of_Yellow_Card_reporting_07.07.2021_-_Clean.pdf#page=9,https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/about,https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1003227/COVID-19_Pfizer-BioNTech_Vaccine_Analysis_Print_DLP_07.07.2021.pdf#page=22,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Free paper repeats falsehoods on deaths following vaccination,,,,,,
+22,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/lord-sumption-covid-errors/,"Only hundreds, not thousands, of people have died of Covid without any other pre-existing condition mentioned on their death certificate.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The former Supreme Court judge Lord Sumption made several mistakes with Covid-19 data when talking about the disease on the Today programme this morning. First of all, he said that the virus had not killed more than 100,000 people, because many of the deaths recorded may have been people who were infected with Covid, but died for other reasons. This is not true. The daily data on the number of people who have died after a positive test does include some people who died for other reasons. However, we also have data from death certificates, which records whether or not Covid itself was the “underlying cause”. This shows that up to 2 July this year, 124,082 people died with Covid as the underlying cause of death in England and Wales alone. Lord Sumption went on to say that the people who died of Covid would soon have died anyway. He said: “At the age which they had reached, they would probably have died within a year after, as even Professor Ferguson has I think admitted.""  [1.19.00] This is not supported by the evidence. The mention of Professor Ferguson seems to be a reference to the government’s former scientific advisor’s comments before the Science and Technology Select Committee on 25 March 2020, when he said that the proportion of people dying of Covid in 2020 who would have died that year anyway “might be as much as half to two thirds of the deaths we are seeing from COVID-19”. In other words, he was talking at a very early stage of the pandemic about what might be seen by the end of the year, not stating a fact, or predicting what the facts would be. Research suggests that people dying of Covid lost far more than a year of life—about a decade on average. We have written about this in detail before.  Lord Sumption also said: ""The number of people who have died who are not in highly vulnerable groups who have died without a sufficiently serious comorbidity to appear on the death certificate is very small. It's a matter of hundreds and not thousands."" [1.19.42] This is not true either. It seems that Lord Sumption is talking about the number of death certificates that mention Covid as the underlying cause but do not mention any pre-existing medical condition. There were 15,883 of these deaths in England and Wales alone, up to the end of March 2021. All of them had Covid as the underlying cause. If you added all the deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland too, the total would be higher.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths#card-deaths_within_28_days_of_positive_test_by_date_of_death,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending2july2021#:~:text=Deaths%20involving%20and%20due%20to%20COVID-19%20and%20influenza%20and%20pneumonia%2C%20England%20and%20Wales%2C%20deaths%20registered%20in%202020%20and%202021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/237/pdf/#page=10,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Lord Sumption made several errors about Covid on Today,,,,,,
+23,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/lord-sumption-covid-errors/,"Only hundreds, not thousands, of people have died of Covid without any other pre-existing condition mentioned on their death certificate.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The former Supreme Court judge Lord Sumption made several mistakes with Covid-19 data when talking about the disease on the Today programme this morning. First of all, he said that the virus had not killed more than 100,000 people, because many of the deaths recorded may have been people who were infected with Covid, but died for other reasons. This is not true. The daily data on the number of people who have died after a positive test does include some people who died for other reasons. However, we also have data from death certificates, which records whether or not Covid itself was the “underlying cause”. This shows that up to 2 July this year, 124,082 people died with Covid as the underlying cause of death in England and Wales alone. Lord Sumption went on to say that the people who died of Covid would soon have died anyway. He said: “At the age which they had reached, they would probably have died within a year after, as even Professor Ferguson has I think admitted.""  [1.19.00] This is not supported by the evidence. The mention of Professor Ferguson seems to be a reference to the government’s former scientific advisor’s comments before the Science and Technology Select Committee on 25 March 2020, when he said that the proportion of people dying of Covid in 2020 who would have died that year anyway “might be as much as half to two thirds of the deaths we are seeing from COVID-19”. In other words, he was talking at a very early stage of the pandemic about what might be seen by the end of the year, not stating a fact, or predicting what the facts would be. Research suggests that people dying of Covid lost far more than a year of life—about a decade on average. We have written about this in detail before.  Lord Sumption also said: ""The number of people who have died who are not in highly vulnerable groups who have died without a sufficiently serious comorbidity to appear on the death certificate is very small. It's a matter of hundreds and not thousands."" [1.19.42] This is not true either. It seems that Lord Sumption is talking about the number of death certificates that mention Covid as the underlying cause but do not mention any pre-existing medical condition. There were 15,883 of these deaths in England and Wales alone, up to the end of March 2021. All of them had Covid as the underlying cause. If you added all the deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland too, the total would be higher.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths#card-deaths_within_28_days_of_positive_test_by_date_of_death,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending2july2021#:~:text=Deaths%20involving%20and%20due%20to%20COVID-19%20and%20influenza%20and%20pneumonia%2C%20England%20and%20Wales%2C%20deaths%20registered%20in%202020%20and%202021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/237/pdf/#page=10,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Lord Sumption made several errors about Covid on Today,,,,,,
+24,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/lord-sumption-covid-errors/,"Only hundreds, not thousands, of people have died of Covid without any other pre-existing condition mentioned on their death certificate.",2021-07-20,fullfact,,"The former Supreme Court judge Lord Sumption made several mistakes with Covid-19 data when talking about the disease on the Today programme this morning. First of all, he said that the virus had not killed more than 100,000 people, because many of the deaths recorded may have been people who were infected with Covid, but died for other reasons. This is not true. The daily data on the number of people who have died after a positive test does include some people who died for other reasons. However, we also have data from death certificates, which records whether or not Covid itself was the “underlying cause”. This shows that up to 2 July this year, 124,082 people died with Covid as the underlying cause of death in England and Wales alone. Lord Sumption went on to say that the people who died of Covid would soon have died anyway. He said: “At the age which they had reached, they would probably have died within a year after, as even Professor Ferguson has I think admitted.""  [1.19.00] This is not supported by the evidence. The mention of Professor Ferguson seems to be a reference to the government’s former scientific advisor’s comments before the Science and Technology Select Committee on 25 March 2020, when he said that the proportion of people dying of Covid in 2020 who would have died that year anyway “might be as much as half to two thirds of the deaths we are seeing from COVID-19”. In other words, he was talking at a very early stage of the pandemic about what might be seen by the end of the year, not stating a fact, or predicting what the facts would be. Research suggests that people dying of Covid lost far more than a year of life—about a decade on average. We have written about this in detail before.  Lord Sumption also said: ""The number of people who have died who are not in highly vulnerable groups who have died without a sufficiently serious comorbidity to appear on the death certificate is very small. It's a matter of hundreds and not thousands."" [1.19.42] This is not true either. It seems that Lord Sumption is talking about the number of death certificates that mention Covid as the underlying cause but do not mention any pre-existing medical condition. There were 15,883 of these deaths in England and Wales alone, up to the end of March 2021. All of them had Covid as the underlying cause. If you added all the deaths in Scotland and Northern Ireland too, the total would be higher.","https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths#card-deaths_within_28_days_of_positive_test_by_date_of_death,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/weekending2july2021#:~:text=Deaths%20involving%20and%20due%20to%20COVID-19%20and%20influenza%20and%20pneumonia%2C%20England%20and%20Wales%2C%20deaths%20registered%20in%202020%20and%202021,https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000xzdf,https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/237/pdf/#page=10,https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75,https://fullfact.org/health/covid19-behind-the-death-toll/,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/preexistingconditionsofpeoplewhodiedduetocovid19englandandwales,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Lord Sumption made several errors about Covid on Today,,,,,,
+25,,,,False,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-20,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/economy/george-freeman-africa-eu-tariffs/,The EU has a 40% tariff on food from Africa.,2021-07-20,fullfact,,"Following the government’s decision to reduce its commitment to spend 0.7% of Gross National Income on foreign aid to 0.5%, Conservative MP George Freeman appeared on Newsnight to talk about the other ways in which the government supported poorer nations. One thing he claimed was that the UK had reduced the EU’s 40% tariff on food imports from Africa. It was something he previously said in Parliament in April. But the EU doesn’t have a 40% tariff on food from Africa.  Tariffs are taxes on imports. They are largely used to protect domestic producers from foreign competition. For example, if a government wanted to protect domestic beef farmers from being undercut by foreign competitors, it might choose to place a tariff on foreign imports of beef. The EU has tariffs on various products, but there isn’t just one flat 40% tariff on food. Tariffs vary by foodstuff. For instance, the average tariff placed on dairy products imported into the EU is 37% while on tea and coffee it’s 6%.  In practice there are many different products within each of these categories which have their own specific tariff.  But what’s more important, is that the EU waives most tariffs on the majority of African countries.  By our count, 43 of 55 African countries face no tariffs whatsoever when exporting to the EU, with the exception of arms. This is because of schemes where the EU unilaterally waives tariffs on the least developed nations worldwide, or bilateral “economic partnership agreements”, where the EU drops its import tariffs, often in exchange for better access to the other signatory country’s market.  Another eight African countries face either reduced or removed tariffs on most exports to the EU, by virtue of schemes the EU has to help low and lower-middle income countries, or free trade agreements.  Goods originating from Western Sahara are subject to the same terms as goods from Morocco which claims the area (a free trade agreement with some tariffs on fish and agri-foods) .   Only three countries in Africa do not have preferential trading terms with the EU: Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and Libya.  Going back to Mr Freeman’s original claim, there may well be a particular foodstuff from the continent which the EU charges an import tariff of 40% on, and which the UK does not. And that may mean that exporters from those 12 countries without complete tariff free access to the EU face lower tariff barriers exporting that product to the UK than the EU. But that’s hardly the same as saying that the EU puts a 40% tariff on food imports from Africa. After publication Mr Freeman acknowledged the statistic was incorrect.","https://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-sets-out-conditions-for-returning-to-07-aid-target,https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m000xwmw/newsnight-13072021,https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-04-13/debates/9158B8BB-DBAE-4495-86F7-57A3C5B05CD2/Finance(No2)Bill#contribution-27E3A907-13A5-46A1-9875-A89DCF05C156,https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/explainers/trade-tariffs#:~:text=What%20are%20tariffs%20and%20why,domestic%20industries%20from%20foreign%20competition.,https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/daily_update_e/tariff_profiles/CE_E.pdf,https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/reports/how-many-countries-africa-how-hard-can-question-be,https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17kCrdVtZr8ziSFFA0EeVJ0QGCYNWV7rXgx23Li88R-A/edit?usp=sharing,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/development/generalised-scheme-of-preferences/,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/development/economic-partnerships/index_en.htm,https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2014/october/tradoc_152818.pdf,https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17kCrdVtZr8ziSFFA0EeVJ0QGCYNWV7rXgx23Li88R-A/edit?usp=sharing,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/development/generalised-scheme-of-preferences/index_en.htm,https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2017/november/tradoc_156399.pdf,https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2019.034.01.0004.01.ENG,https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/internationalrelations/2021/05/04/eu-western-sahara/,https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2017/november/tradoc_156399.pdf,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/regions/central-africa/index_en.htm,https://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/libya/index_en.htm,https://twitter.com/GeorgeFreemanMP/status/1417950084017397760,https://fullfact.org/economy/millionaire-pensioners/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/april-2021-trade-figures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/uk-foreign-aid-g7/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/labours-record-on-unemployment/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/economy/foreign-aid-2021/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",The EU doesn’t have a 40% tariff on African food imports,,,,,,
+26,,,,False,Pippa Allen-Kinross,2021-07-19,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/paris-protests-photograph/,Photograph of people filling the streets of Paris was taken during protests against Covid-19 regulations on 17 July 2021.,2021-07-19,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook shared almost 1,000 times shows people lining the streets of Paris. The caption of the post claims this photograph was taken on 17 July 2021, when there were protests in the French capital over Covid-19 rules. However, this photograph actually shows celebrations in the city after France won the World Cup in 2018.  Since this fact check was published, the Facebook post has been updated to show a different image of people protesting against Covid-19 regulations. On 12 July, French president Emmanuel Macron announced new measures against Covid-19, including the introduction of Covid-19 ‘passports’ and that vaccination will become mandatory for all health workers.  The planned new measures have led to large protests in the country. Reuters reported that there were 137 protests across France on 17 July, gathering nearly 114,000 people. Of these protestors, 18,000 were in Paris, according to the French government.  However, this photograph, which appears to show far more than 18,000 people, was not taken during these protests. A reverse image search shows this photograph was used by multiple news outlets reporting on France’s victory in the 2018 World Cup. Posts suggesting the image was taken during the protests on 17 July have also been widely shared on Twitter, including by lockdown sceptic Ivor Cummins.","https://www.facebook.com/red.hat.121398/posts/193482426124960,https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/french-protests-call-freedom-amid-government-vaccine-push-2021-07-17/,https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20210712-follow-live-france-s-macron-addresses-the-nation-as-covid-19-delta-variant-surges,https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/french-protests-call-freedom-amid-government-vaccine-push-2021-07-17/,https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/frankreich-ist-weltmeister-so-schoen-feiert-paris-fotostrecke-162444.html,https://www.lejsl.com/actualite/2018/07/15/apres-la-victoire-les-champs-elysees-pris-d-assaut,https://twitter.com/adsportwereld/status/1018580749186928640,https://twitter.com/MaryMbois/status/1416729576701579265,https://twitter.com/StealthGrooove/status/1416949079301496837,https://twitter.com/avokasianssi/status/1416871116384182280?s=20,https://twitter.com/FatEmperor/status/1416874308249559045?s=20,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Photo doesn’t show Covid protest in Paris,,,,,,
+27,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-07-16,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-statistics-Covid-19/,Death rates are lower than previous years which proves Covid-19 hasn’t killed or is killing anyone.,2021-07-16,fullfact,,"A Facebook post shows a meme of actor John Krasinski in TV show The Office sitting next to a white board with edited text which states that death rates are the same level as previous years therefore proving there is “nothing new killing people”. Other text accompanying the image adds “Actually lower”. Firstly, it’s true that death rates are lower than previous years, at least in England and Wales. To measure this we can use the age-standardised mortality rate which is the number of deaths per 100,000 people, adjusted to even out the changing age structure of the country over time. As of May 2021, the rate is at its lowest since records began in 2001. Mortality rates have been broadly declining since 2001. However, the Facebook post seems to be suggesting that lower death rates indicate that Covid-19 is not killing anyone or perhaps that it does not exist. Using the same data we can see the age-standardised mortality rate in May 2020 (near the peak of the pandemic in England) was at its highest level for both men and women since 2007. Looking back further to April 2020, mortality rates were then at their highest since the Office for National Statistics’ mortality records began. While deaths are lower now compared to the same time last year, owed in part to the vaccination programme, people are still dying from Covid-19.  Hundreds of people are also still being infected and hospitalised every day. We’ve fact checked similar claims before.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10225170874115640&set=a.10209627838189456&type=3&theater,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/monthlymortalityanalysisenglandandwales/may2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/monthlymortalityanalysisenglandandwales/may2021,https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/monthlymortalityanalysisenglandandwales/april2021,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/deaths,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/healthcare,https://fullfact.org/online/death-rate-2020-2003/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",A fall in death rates doesn’t prove Covid-19 isn’t killing anyone,,,,,,
+28,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-07-16,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/Allison-Pearson-Covid-stats-hospital/,The number of Covid hospitalisations is 0.5% of the level of cases.,2021-07-16,fullfact,,"Columnist Allison Pearson tweeted on Monday that only 0.5% of patients with Covid-19 have been hospitalised, looking at the recent weekly average of cases and hospitalisations. This is a misleading calculation to make because of the lag between cases and hospitalisations, and, regardless, the calculation has been done incorrectly. It's unclear but it appears Ms Pearson was looking at the data for England. When she tweeted, the seven-day average daily case count was around 26,000 (taken on 4 July). She compares this with the seven-day average of patients admitted to hospital with Covid-19 (which was 444 on 7 July, the latest data when she tweeted). You can’t compare these numbers to calculate the hospitalisation risk of Covid. It takes time for symptoms to develop to the point someone with Covid may need to be hospitalised, meaning, they are likely to be hospitalised later than the date they were first tested. We’re also not sure where the 0.5% proportion figure has come from either, as (although as noted these figures shouldn’t be compared) 433 is 1.67% of 26,000, not 0.5%.","https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/cases?areaType=nation&areaName=England,https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/healthcare?areaType=nation&areaName=England,https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html#:~:text=Symptoms%20may%20appear%202%2D14,Fever%20or%20chills,https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.07.18.20156307v1,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Allison Pearson tweets misleading stats about Covid hospital patients,,,,,,
+29,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-16,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/health/Rife-machines/,"Rife machines can cure over 5,000 diseases including all cancers, infections and more.",2021-07-16,fullfact,,"A post on social media claims that Raymond Rife created a device that could “cure over 5000 diseases including all cancers, infections and more” and asks “why aren’t we using it”? This claim is not proven. Cancer Research UK says that “there is no reliable evidence to use [Rife machines] as a treatment for cancer”. RIFE machines were created in the 1920-30s by the scientist Raymond Rife, and they work by omitting low electromagnetic energy waves. Supporters of the machine say that all medical conditions have an electromagnetic frequency, and by matching the frequency, the RIFE machine can kill or disable affected cells.  RIFE machines are not an established treatment in the UK (or in other countries such as the US), as there is no reliable evidence to say that they work and they have not been through the rigorous testing required for a treatment to be used.  Cancer Research UK says: “Many websites promote the Rife machine as a cure for cancer. But no reputable scientific cancer organisations support any of these claims.” It also says there is no evidence that these machines do not cause harm to people who use them, and warns: “You could harm your health if you stop your cancer treatment for an unproven treatment.” There are some studies which have explored the use of low energy waves as a treatment for cancer, but further research in this area is required.  There are cancer treatments which use high frequency sound waves to kill cancer cells, and these have a good evidence base for their use.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=173655694783084&set=a.125066426308678&type=3&theater,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/rife-machine-and-cancer,https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.3322/canjclin.44.2.115#page=5,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8124604/,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/rife-machine-and-cancer#:~:text=The%20Food%20and%20Drug%20Administration,machines%20against%20making%20unproven%20claims.,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/rife-machine-and-cancer,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3097732/,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/individual-therapies/rife-machine-and-cancer,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3261663/,https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26762464/,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3845545/#b11,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5119968/,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3188936/,https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/other/high-intensity-focused-ultrasound-hifu,https://fullfact.org/health/tetanus-risk-social-media/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/robert-peston-reinfections/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/vaccinated-Covid-19-deaths/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/self-isolation-support/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/health/richard-tice-covid-vaccine-infertility-stillbirth/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",No evidence Rife machines can cure all cancers,,,,,,
+30,,,,Other,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-16,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/education/evening-standard-missing-school-children-covid/,"100,000 children have not returned to school since the start of the pandemic.",2021-07-16,fullfact,,"An Evening Standard article claims that “almost 100,000 ‘ghost children’ have not returned to school since [the] start of [the] Covid pandemic”.  We have fact checked the use of this figure before. It is based on a report produced by the Centre for Social Justice (CSJ), which states that during September to December 2020, 93,514 pupils in England were severely absent, which means they missed school more often than they attended. This does not include pupils who missed lessons directly due to Covid-19, for example, school bubble closures. As the figure is now quite old, it tells us nothing about attendance during the spring and summer terms so it is not accurate to say that “nearly 100,000 children have failed to return to school full-time since they reopened [our emphasis]”, as stated in the article. The phrasing that these children “have not returned to school” is also problematic. The CSJ found 100,000 children attended less than 50% of available sessions in the autumn term, not that they weren’t present at school at all.  Finally, the idea that these children have failed to “return” is inaccurate, in suggesting that these children (or this many equivalent children) were regularly attending school before the pandemic, which is not the case.  Even before Covid-19, in the autumn term of 2019, 60,244 pupils were classed as severely absent. The number of severely absent children has risen by more than 50% in a year, a significant increase, but it’s important to bear in mind that the factors contributing to the absence of a large number of these children may not be related to, or at least dependent on, Covid-19.","https://www.standard.co.uk/news/education/school-absence-children-covid-pandemic-b945551.html?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1626187865-1,https://fullfact.org/education/school-pupils-return-classroom-covid/,https://www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Cant_Catch_Up_FULL-REPORT.pdf#page=3,https://www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Cant_Catch_Up_FULL-REPORT.pdf#page=7,https://www.standard.co.uk/news/education/school-absence-children-covid-pandemic-b945551.html?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Twitter#:~:text=nearly%20100%2C000%20children%20have%20failed%20to%20return%20to%20school%20full-time%20since%20they%20reopened.,https://www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Cant_Catch_Up_FULL-REPORT.pdf#page=3,https://fullfact.org/education/maria-miller-nine-ten-girls-ofsted/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/school-pupils-return-classroom-covid/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/literacy-numeracy-uk-telegraph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/pupil-funding-conservatives/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content","Figure of 100,000 children missing from school is out of date",,,,,,
+31,,,,Other,Tom Norton,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/wolf-pack-BBC-frozen-planet/,"A photo of a wolf pack shows how they are separated in formation based on strength, with an alpha wolf that pulls up the rear and controls the whole group.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A Facebook post shows a photo of a wolf pack, with text alongside the photo explaining their formation. It claims that while on the move the pack organises a formation based on strength, with the “alpha” wolf pulling up the rear and controlling the direction of the entire group, while the old and sick wolves set the pace at the front of the group. While the photograph is real (taken from the 2011 documentary Frozen Planet filming in Wood Buffalo National Park, Alberta, Canada), the accompanying description isn’t accurate. As this fact check by Snopes points out, the documentary explains that one “alpha female” leads the pack while other wolves follow to conserve energy. It is not correct that the wolves at the front are old or sick, or that the wolves at the back are the strongest. The post has been in circulation online since at least 2015. The photo is incorrectly attributed to “Cesare Brai” but was actually taken by Chadden Hunter.","https://www.facebook.com/groups/welovewolf/posts/505338357438884/,https://www.theguardian.com/environment/gallery/2011/oct/19/bbc-frozen-planet-in-pictures,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/wolf-pack-photo/,https://twitter.com/chaddenh/status/679623256404398080?lang=en,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Facebook post about wolves makes howling errors,,,,,,
+32,,,,Other,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/fuel-tank-car-heatwave-explode/,Filling up your car in hot weather could cause the fuel tank to explode.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook, shared more than half a million times, warns that filling a fuel tank in hot weather could cause the tank to explode.  “Due to [an] increase in temperature in the coming days, please don’t fill petrol to the maximum limit. It may cause [an] explosion in the fuel tank. Please fill the tank about half and allow space for air.”  This is not true, and has already been debunked a number of times online.  In 2018, a spokesperson for motoring organisation RAC, Rod Dennis, said: “All fuel systems on passenger vehicles are designed to cope with any expansion of fuel, or vapour coming from the fuel. “There is no risk of explosion from filling up a fuel tank fully and drivers should have no concerns in doing so.” In their fact check of a similar post, fact checking service Snopes write: “The temperature at which fuel auto-ignites (i.e. the temperature at which fuel will combust without a trigger or spark) is around 495ºF [257C].  “This level is far higher than any temperature a covered, insulated tank could possibly achieve simply by being driven or parked on planet Earth.”","https://www.facebook.com/highwaypolicepakistan/photos/a.407439279293874/1055122731192189/?type=3&theater,https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/news/motoring-news/no-truth-to-exploding-petrol-tank-reports-rac/,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/full-gas-tank-explosion/,https://inews.co.uk/essentials/lifestyle/cars/car-news/filling-up-heatwave-do-cars-expode-170259,https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/news/motoring-news/no-truth-to-exploding-petrol-tank-reports-rac/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThere%20is%20no,via%20social%20media.%E2%80%9D,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/full-gas-tank-explosion/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Your fuel tank won’t explode if you fill it during a heatwave,,,,,,
+33,,,,Other,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/google-removed-churchill-photograph/,Google has removed Churchill.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A Facebook post shares a picture of Winston Churchill with the text: “As Google have removed him let's share him all over Facebook.” The post was published on 17 June 2020, but it is still being widely shared, with more than 36,000 shares so far. It seems to refer to the disappearance of Churchill’s photograph from Google’s ‘Knowledge Graph’ in late April last year. The Knowledge Graph is the panel of basic information that appears after some searches on Google, and which sometimes creates lists at the top of the page. Photographs of Churchill continued to be available on Google through web and image searches. Google subsequently restored the image on 14 June 2020, and said that it was never deliberately removed. According to the company, the image failed to update as a result of a bug following its decision to use a more recognisable picture. The photograph of Churchill had already been restored by Google when this Facebook post was first published.","https://www.facebook.com/andy.penaluna.1/posts/3321214734569190,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-53050711,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272234504594141184?s=20,https://www.google.com/url?q=https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272234504594141184?s%3D20&sa=D&source=editors&ust=1626361548908000&usg=AOvVaw2QeXhLzT1UfQmjvbK0yvWT,https://www.google.com/search?q=uk+prime+ministers&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB888GB888&ei=wUTwYN3QObKLhbIP7_uG2A4&oq=uk+pr&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMYADIICAAQsQMQkQIyAggAMgQIABADMgIIADIFCAAQyQMyAggAMgIIADIFCAAQsQMyCAgAELEDEIMBMgIIADoKCC4QsQMQQxCTAjoECAAQQzoCCC46BwgAELEDEEM6CggAELEDEIMBEEM6CAguEMcBEK8BOgQILhBDOgUILhCxAzoLCAAQsQMQgwEQyQNKBAhBGABQ5-4mWNbzJmCM_yZoAnACeACAAWqIAeIDkgEDNi4xmAEAoAEBqgEHZ3dzLXdpesABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272077557454655490?s=20,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272112542576328706,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272112542576328706,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272234502421708800?s=20,https://twitter.com/searchliaison/status/1272234502421708800?s=20,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Churchill’s photograph has not been removed from Google,,,,,,
+34,,,,Mixture,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/jonathan-tortoise-190-oldest-animal/,"A picture shows the world's oldest living land animal, a tortoise named Jonathan.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A picture of a tortoise, claimed to be the oldest known living land animal in the world, has been shared widely on social media.  It’s true that the oldest known living land animal in the world is a tortoise named Jonathan, at almost 190 years old.  But the picture shared on social media is not of Jonathan, who lives on the island of St Helena in the south Atlantic.  The picture can instead be sourced to Taronga Zoo in Sydney, Australia. A post from 2014 on the zoo’s Instagram page identifies the animal as a male Galapagos Tortoise.  While fact checking the same picture, Check Your Fact contacted the zoo itself. A spokesperson said the tortoise pictured was in its 50s.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10158862630436091&set=a.10150979184681091&type=3&theater,https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=283652683330876&set=gm.771326640425104,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2834547610192780&set=a.1403261623321393&type=3&theater,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10225429101704294&set=a.10204941070356315&type=3&theater,https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2019/2/introducing-jonathan-the-worlds-oldest-animal-on-land-561882,https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2019/2/introducing-jonathan-the-worlds-oldest-animal-on-land-561882#:~:text=St%20Helena%20in%20the%20South%20Atlantic%20since%201882,https://www.instagram.com/p/nZpsJNQPk6/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.instagram.com/p/nZpsJNQPk6/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://checkyourfact.com/2021/06/24/fact-check-jonathan-tortoise-oldest-land-animal-alive/?fbclid=IwAR093rMoqhGqfVNEvOwOtI3mgkEGpc0URLASIEn7lxKXYqFA1U2GpG_UhAc,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Viral social media picture doesn’t show world’s oldest living land animal,,,,,,
+35,,,,Other,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/three-president-deaths-refuse-vaccines/,"The presidents of Haiti, Tanzania and Zambia died ‘unexpectedly’, and this is linked to the fact they refused the Covid-19 vaccines for their nations.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A meme shared on Facebook features actor John Krasinski in The Office with a whiteboard with edited text, which says: “3 countries refused the covid vaccine”, followed by: “Now all 3 of their presidents have died unexpectedly”. Beneath the image are the names of the former presidents of Haiti (Jovenel Moïse), Tanzania (John Magufuli) and Zambia (Kenneth Kaunda).  The posts suggest that the death of these three men is linked to a refusal of the Covid-19 vaccines. There is no evidence to support this claim.  Haiti is eligible for provision of Covid-19 vaccines through the Covax programme, but roll out has been slow, with Haiti yet to give any doses to residents, and only receiving its first vaccines this week.   President Moïse did not explicitly refuse all of the Covid-19 vaccines, but the country did initially refuse the AstraZeneca vaccine due to safety concerns.   There have also been administrative and supply difficulties around the arrival of vaccinations to Haiti, and concerns about the logistics of organising the vaccine roll out.  Mr Moïse was fatally shot at home on 7 July 2021. Arrests have been made but there are still many unknown details about the assasination. There is no evidence to suggest that there is a link to the lack of progress made regarding Haiti’s vaccine roll out.  President Magufuli reportedly said that home treatments such as steam inhalation were preferable to “dangerous foreign vaccines”, and in February 2021 the country’s health minister said that Tanzania had no plans to accept Covid-19 vaccines.   Mr Magufuli’s successor,  president Samia Suluhu Hassan announced that the president’s death in March 2021 was due to heart disease. There is no evidence to suggest that the death was related to Mr Magufuli’s stance on the Covid-19 vaccines.  There has been some speculation from Tanzanian opposition leaders, and on social media, that Mr Magufuli’s death may have been caused by Covid-19, however this has been discredited.  President Kaunda died of pneumonia at a military hospital in Lusaka in June 2021, age 97. The president did not refuse the Covid-19 vaccines for Zambia. In fact, in March 2021, the Zambian health minister announced plans to vaccinate all over 18s in the country. Similar claims have been fact checked before.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=274927637691526&set=a.154530876397870&type=3&theater,https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/92-low-middle-income-economies-eligible-access-covid-19-vaccines-gavi-covax-amc,https://www.gavi.org/sites/default/files/covid/covax/COVAX-Interim-Distribution-Forecast.pdf,https://apnews.com/article/africa-coronavirus-vaccine-coronavirus-pandemic-business-government-and-politics-2d5eab50c1ef8bd63b1a48331f4c3025,https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/coronavirus-wave-takes-haiti-yet-begin-vaccinations-by-surprise-2021-06-09/,https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-08/haiti-is-the-only-country-in-western-hemisphere-without-vaccines,https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/15/world/haiti-covid-vaccine.html,https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/15/world/haiti-covid-vaccine.html,https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-06-08/haiti-is-the-only-country-in-western-hemisphere-without-vaccines,https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news/2021/7/5/haiti-still-awaiting-first-covid-vaccines-as-cases-surge,https://apnews.com/article/caribbean-haiti-puerto-rico-public-health-health-40bd0544848fd37b28414c37281be86e,https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/covax-aims-deliver-520-mln-vaccine-doses-africa-this-year-2021-07-08/,https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/haitian-president-shot-dead-home-overnight-pm-2021-07-07/,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-57800152,https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-tanzania-idUSKBN29W1Z6,https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00362-7/fulltext,https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tanzania-president-idUSKBN2B92R0,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56437852,https://www.reuters.com/article/fact-check-magufuli-covid-idUSL1N2M11DF,https://www.reuters.com/article/fact-check-magufuli-covid-idUSL1N2M11DF,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-57517729,https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-zambia-vaccine-idUSKBN2BH2NS,https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/former-zambian-president-kenneth-kaunda-97-hospitalised-2021-06-14/,https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jul/12/facebook-posts/theres-no-evidence-these-politicians-were-killed-o/?fbclid=IwAR3nn2jIyk-pzxIw5UCQ0h5eFqlKIyRmVzEAY0y4dtiJ5FjVKob9lQY1HCc,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",No evidence three presidents died because they refused vaccines for their nations,,,,,,
+36,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/wolf-retreating-not-protecting-partner-neck/,Female wolf is acting as part of a ‘fighting unit’ and showing trickery and loyalty by protecting her partner’s neck in a fight.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A Facebook post shows a picture of three wolves entitled ‘a fighting unit’. Underneath, a caption says “A she-wolf hides under a male. She doesn’t seem frightened by his opponent, but that’s only because she trusts her partner and believes in his strength. Male wolves never attack a female, and she knows it. Why does she hide then? By doing this, the resourceful female protects her partner’s throat against an attack”.  This narrative is untrue. The image, ‘wolf fight’, was taken by photographer Jean Paul and uploaded to Flickr in 2009. It shows three wolves, two of which appear about to fight. The third wolf is cowering beneath one of the fighting wolves’ heads and is covering its neck. The caption says that the image was taken in Ely, Minnesota. The claim attached to the image on Facebook—that one of the wolves is female, and is using her stance to protect a male wolf's neck—appears to come from a post on Reddit in 2016.  Fact checkers Snopes, previously spoke to wolf expert Cameron Feaster at the International Wolf Center in Ely who said that “little of anything in that photo’s statement is correct.”  Mr Feaster was familiar with the wolves, and said none of the three shown in the image are female. He also said that the crouching wolf was simply submitting and trying to turn back, and collided into another male wolf.  Rather than showing a female wolf protecting the neck of her male partner, the photograph simply shows a collision between two male wolves as one tries to flee.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2639763119652582&set=gm.979222356242137&type=3&theater,https://www.flickr.com/photos/jeanpaulphotos/3409921252,https://www.reddit.com/r/wolves/comments/4esyro/the_female_wolf_appears_to_hide_under_the/,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/wolf-fight-female-throat/,https://wolf.org/wolf-log/feeding-time/,https://wolf.org/visit/hours-fees-programs/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content","Image shows a retreating wolf, not a protector",,,,,,
+37,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/vaers-adverse-event-reports/,"In the USA there have been 387,087 reports of adverse events after the Covid-19 vaccination.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A Facebook post claims that, in the USA there have been 387,087 reports of adverse events “of this evil shot in the arm”, presumably referring to the Covid-19 vaccine, up until 18 June 2021. As we have said before, the fact that an adverse event was reported after a vaccination is no proof that it was caused by the vaccine. Public health authorities do monitor these reports to see if there may be genuine issues associated with vaccination, and this has uncovered issues such as a link between the AstraZeneca vaccine and rare blood clots.    But the US Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) says these ”reports alone cannot be used to determine if a vaccine caused or contributed to an adverse event or illness.” Some of the reports submitted include things we know can be a result of vaccination, such as fatigue and headaches.  The most recent data shows 438,441 reports detailing 1,919,081 adverse events have been submitted to the CDC following a Covid-19 vaccine, up until 2 July 2021. A small number of these reports come from outside the United States.   The USA’s Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) is similar to the UK’s Yellow Card scheme, which we have written about before.","https://www.facebook.com/Dawn.Jesusismylife/posts/1447389282284898,https://fullfact.org/health/VAERS-reporting-america/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-adverse-reactions/coronavirus-vaccine-summary-of-yellow-card-reporting,https://vaers.hhs.gov/data.html,https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/coronavirus-vaccination/safety-and-side-effects/,https://wonder.cdc.gov/controller/saved/D8/D185F526,https://wonder.cdc.gov/controller/saved/D8/D185F540,https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/ensuringsafety/monitoring/vaers/index.html,https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/,https://fullfact.org/online/MHRA-yellow-card-poster/,https://fullfact.org/online/police-station-video/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Adverse event reports after vaccines are not necessarily due to vaccines,,,,,,
+38,,,,False,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/stonehenge-not-1950s-fake/,Stonehenge is a modern fake.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A video claiming that Stonehenge is a modern fake has been widely viewed on Facebook. (At least one other post has made similar claims.) Stonehenge isn’t fake, just to be clear. The video appears to come from TikTok. It begins with the caption: “And you thought Stonehenge was real?!” It then shows a series of pictures of the site. The video claims that the first picture shows “Metal framing with poured concrete”. In fact this is a picture of “Stone 60”, which is ancient like the rest, but was reinforced with concrete in 1959.  The other pictures show people working on the site with various pieces of scaffolding and equipment. The video captions say: “These are just props… Created in the 1950s… Then Faked old pictures from the 1800s… To fool the masses… ‘His-story’ is a lie... We are now learning the mainstream narrative of history was completely fabricated!” A post accompanying the video claims something slightly different, saying: “They built the fake Stonehenge in the 1800's”. In fact, these pictures simply show the stones being restored at various times in history. Stonehenge was built in stages, between 5,000 and 4,500 years ago. It wasn’t made in the 1800s, or the 1950s.","https://www.facebook.com/stevenjdbeattie/videos/244340077179183/,https://www.facebook.com/davidewingjr/videos/1596385043886808/,https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/373/,https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/stonehenge/things-to-do/stone-circle/stones-of-stonehenge/,https://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/stonehenge-100-years-of-care/,https://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/stonehenge-early-excavations-restoration/,https://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/excavation-restoration-stonehenge-1950s-60s/,https://blog.english-heritage.org.uk/excavation-restoration-stonehenge-1950s-60s/,https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/stonehenge/history-and-stories/history/description/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Stonehenge wasn’t built in the 1950s,,,,,,
+39,,,,Other,Abbas Panjwani,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/this-isnt-a-real-image-of-the-northern-lights-from-space/,An image from NASA shows the Northern Lights from space.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"An image claiming to show the Northern Lights from space has been going viral on Facebook.  The post says the image comes “courtesy of NASA” which is true. But the image is not a real photo from space but a computer generation. As Snopes reported back in 2018, the image is a still image taken from a short video made by NASA to explain the Earth’s magnetic field.  The Northern Lights, also called the aurora borealis, are a natural phenomenon caused when electrically charged particles from the Sun collide with the Earth and are drawn to the magnetic poles, where they become heated and then glow.  While this particular image is not real, NASA has taken many genuine photos of the Northern Lights from space.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=4954700961223273&set=a.288421267851289&type=3,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/northern-lights-seen-space/,https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=20056,https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/what-causes-northern-lights-aurora-borealis-explained,https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/aurora-image-gallery/index.html,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",This isn’t a real image of the Northern Lights from space,,,,,,
+40,,,,False,Tom Norton,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/social-media-food-covid-tests/,"Tomatoes, raspberries, blackberries and lemons produce positive lateral flow test results for Covid-19.",2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A number of Facebook posts have claimed that tomatoes, raspberries, blackberries and lemons produce positive lateral flow test results for Covid-19. This isn’t true. The photos in both posts show pictures of fruit accompanied by a completed lateral flow test with two lines next to areas marked “C” and “T”. These lines indicate a positive result for Covid-19. Any other result is either negative or invalid. One of the posts shows a lemon with a positive result, which it claims is evidence of the tests producing multiple false positives, while the other shows ‘positive’ results next to a tomato, a raspberry and a blackberry. However, as we’ve established before, foods high in acid break lateral flow tests, causing it to appear like a positive result. The fact that these tests can effectively be broken with fruit does not make them inaccurate or unreliable for use in the general population.  Lateral flow tests are unlikely to give a false positive result if used correctly. We have previously fact checked, among others, claims that kiwi fruit, Coca Cola, ketchup, fruit squash, strawberries, grapes, oranges and diluted cordial have incorrectly produced “positive” results.  Using food and drinks on lateral flow tests has been in the news after reports that pupils are attempting to get time off school by using liquids like lemon juice to create false positive results.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=175025971311811&set=a.108946811253061&type=3,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=4779371318745742&set=a.178099415539645&type=3,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=4779371318745742&set=a.178099415539645&type=3,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=175025971311811&set=a.108946811253061&type=3,https://fullfact.org/online/orange-covid-positive/,https://www.apr.cz/data/uploads/covid-19/cpr_05_diaquick-covid-19-ag-cassette_2020-09-18.pdf,https://en.joysbio.com/covid-19-antigen-rapid-test-kit/,https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Options-use-of-rapid-antigen-tests-for-COVID-19.pdf#page=4,https://fullfact.org/online/kiwi-covid/,https://fullfact.org/online/ketchup-squash-fruit/,https://fullfact.org/online/orange-covid-positive/,https://fullfact.org/online/lateral-flow-tests-cordial/,https://inews.co.uk/news/technology/tiktok-fake-covid-positive-test-schools-1079693,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Acidic foods don’t test positive for Covid,,,,,,
+41,,,,False,Sarah Turnnidge,2021-07-15,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/david-attenborough-red-black-ants/,An analogy about red and black ants in a jar and society was made by Sir David Attenborough.,2021-07-15,fullfact,,"A post on Facebook, shared thousands of times, attributes an analogy about red and black ants in a jar to broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.  “If you collect 100 black ants and 100 fire ants and put them in a glass jar, nothing will happen. But if you take the jar, shake it violently and leave it on the table, the ants will start killing each other. Red believes that black is the enemy, while black believes that red is the enemy, when the real enemy is the person who shook the jar. The same is true in society. Men vs Women. Black vs White. Faith vs Science. Young vs Old. Etc… Before we fight each other, we must ask ourselves: Who shook the jar?”  There is no evidence of Sir David ever having made this analogy. Full Fact can find no credible sources attributing this quote to the naturalist.  We also couldn’t find any record online of an experiment of the nature described in the quote ever having been carried out.  The quote has appeared elsewhere online, including on Facebook, without attribution to Sir David. It was also referenced, and directly attributed to Sir David, in an opinion article about prisons published in the Express and Star, and has been shared hundreds of times on Twitter.  Fact checking service Snopes have also written about this quote, and found no evidence it had originated with Sir David.  This is not the first time we have seen a quote incorrectly sourced to Sir David. Posts like these, where quotes are misattributed to public figures, are relatively common on social media.","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=338170754332034&set=a.281579096657867&type=3&theater,https://m.facebook.com/IamSouthAfrican/photos/a.144762078905365/3254961457885396/?type=3&source=48,https://www.expressandstar.com/news/voices/opinions/2021/06/08/star-comment-we-must-look-at-our-prisons/,https://twitter.com/freebabarahmad/status/1397595453470957568?lang=en,https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/black-and-red-ants-attenborough/,https://fullfact.org/online/david-attenborough-tree-HS2/,https://fullfact.org/online/no-evidence-boris-johnson-said-he-wanted-to-lop-the-heads-off-of-smelly-peasants/,https://fullfact.org/online/martin-lewis-city-of-london-police/,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",No record of Sir David Attenborough talking about red and black ants in a jar,,,,,,
+42,,,,False,Daniella de Block Golding,2021-07-14,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/online/graphene-oxide/,The Pfizer vaccine is 99% graphene oxide.,2021-07-14,fullfact,,"There have been multiple claims made online which say that the Pfizer vaccine contains 99% graphene oxide, a substance which is derived from graphite. The claims originate from a Spanish study and have been circulating in English (across the UK and the US), in Spanish and in Portugese. They are not true. Some of the claims highlight concerns about the toxicity of graphene oxide, while others suggest that graphene oxide may provide an explanation for the ‘magnetism’ that has been commonly claimed to be associated with the Covid-19 vaccines (this is false and we have fact checked this claim previously).  In addition to seeing posts shared on social media, Full Fact has also been asked about these claims by our own readers. Several users on social media have claimed graphene oxide in the vaccine is being used to poison people and create a mass genocide. This is not true, and there is no graphene oxide in the Pfizer vaccine. Graphene oxide is a nanomaterial (a chemical substance or material that is at a very small scale, for example with an external dimension of 1-100nm) which is thought to be of important potential use for biomedicine. There are concerns, however, around toxicity and potential adverse effects. There are modifications which are being explored, and Johns Hopkins infectious disease specialist Dr. Amesh Adalja previously told AP News that there has been research on potentially using graphene oxide in other vaccines, but the amounts would not be toxic to human cells. The concern around the presence of graphene oxide in the Pfizer vaccine seem to be based on a Spanish study which says that on transmission electron microscopy (a microscopy technique which allows particularly fine details and structures to be seen), the solution created from a vial of the Pfizer vaccine takes a very similar form to graphene oxide.  Graphene oxide is not listed as an ingredient of the vaccine, and the Medical and Health product Regulatory Agency (MHRA)  told Full Fact that these claims are “completely incorrect”.  A spokesperson for Pfizer also told Full Fact that “Graphene oxide is not used in the manufacture of the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine”. With regards to the Spanish study, there are a number of problems with the claims that it makes, and the way that these findings have been interpreted by some people on social media.  The claim that the Pfizer vaccine is largely made up of graphene oxide has been fact checked many times before.    Firstly, we have no way of verifying what the scientists actually looked at through electron microscopy. The paper says that the sample of Pfizer vaccine for testing was received by the testing laboratory from a courier and, although the sample was sealed, its provenance and traceability is unknown. The author says in the study limitations that these findings are from “one single sample” of Pfizer vaccine and therefore, “significant sampling of similar vials” is required in order to “draw conclusions that can be generalized”.    When referring to the images which compare electron microscopy of the Pfizer vaccine with images of microscopy of graphene oxide, the study says that they “represent a high similarity” but also says that this does not provide “definitive identification” or “conclusive evidence”.  Importantly, the document says that it is an interim report. It has not been published in a reputable scientific journal, or received peer review.  Thirdly, while the researcher who authors the paper reportedly works at the University of Almeria in Spain—a claim that has been used to add legitimacy when circulated online—the author clearly states that the results and conclusions of the report “do not imply any institutional position of the University of Almeria”.  The university has also publicly distanced itself from the paper on Twitter and in a released statement, saying that it is an “unofficial report by a university professor about an analysis of a sample of unknown origin with total lack of traceability”.  The university said it does not subscribe to this report.","https://roguemale.org/2021/07/07/murder-by-injection-the-vile-vials/?fbclid=IwAR17MwbuL8YLrZ3M_YToUeQVeuIEfHHGcjCq5VRd09tR4VV8x4q21t6CPr4,https://truth11.com/2021/06/30/no-biological-content-in-pfizer-vaccine-spanish-researchers-put-the-pfizer-vaccine-under-an-electron-microscope-and-found-it-contains-99-graphene-oxide-and-hardly-anything-else/,https://www.henrymakow.com/2021/06/no-biological-content-in-pfize.html,https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/graphene-oxide,https://www.docdroid.net/rNgtxyh/microscopia-de-vial-corminaty-dr-campra-firma-e-1-fusionado-pdf#page=16,https://www.globalresearch.ca/actual-contents-inside-pfizer-vials-exposed/5749458,https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20210704/analizamos-bulo-grafeno-vacuna-informe/2119721.shtml,https://observador.pt/factchecks/fact-check-vacinas-contem-grafeno-na-sua-composicao/,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-vaccine-magnet/,https://www.instagram.com/p/CQsk4_SNWEO/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.facebook.com/oluwole.adebiyi/videos/vb.1360171672/1111292026061642/?type=2&theater,https://www.instagram.com/reel/CRBnSVVAgPO/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=345722947084202&set=pcb.553492665657573&type=3&theater,https://www.instagram.com/reel/CRBnSVVAgPO/?utm_source=ig_embed,https://www.facebook.com/oluwole.adebiyi/videos/vb.1360171672/1111292026061642/?type=2&theater,https://www.safenano.org/knowledgebase/resources/faqs/what-is-a-nanomaterial/,https://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/nanotech/faq/definition_en.htm,https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210520/Could-graphene-oxide-nanosheets-be-an-effective-SARS-CoV-2-antiviral-in-PPE.aspx,https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smll.202101483,https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1742706120303305,https://www.pnas.org/content/118/19/e2024998118,https://particleandfibretoxicology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12989-016-0168-y,https://www.pnas.org/content/118/19/e2024998118,https://www.graphene-info.com/graphene-oxide-gives-boost-new-intranasal-flu-vaccine,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-430816913228,https://www.docdroid.net/Ov1M99x/official-interim-report-in-english-university-of-almeria-pdf#page=8,https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/current/postgraduate/regs/mpagswarwick/ex5/techniques/structural/tem/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/summary-of-product-characteristics-for-covid-19-vaccine-pfizerbiontech,https://www.newtral.es/grafeno-vacuna-pfizer-universidad-almeria-bulo/20210702/,https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/there-is-no-conclusive-evidence-that-the-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-contains-graphene-oxide/,https://maldita.es/malditaciencia/20210709/informe-universidad-almeria-vacuna-covid-19-pfizer-grafeno-oxido/,https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20210704/analizamos-bulo-grafeno-vacuna-informe/2119721.shtml,https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2021/07/10/graphene-oxide-in-pfizer-covid-19-vaccines-here-are-the-latest-unsupported-claims/?sh=2301198974d7,https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-430816913228?fbclid=IwAR2PeKAzhQNulH_xFDS5BAac4YGQ4vXw2DRLwBfsSmuG1dx2Yj5EGTFBsZg,https://www.docdroid.net/rNgtxyh/microscopia-de-vial-corminaty-dr-campra-firma-e-1-fusionado-pdf#page=3,https://www.docdroid.net/rNgtxyh/microscopia-de-vial-corminaty-dr-campra-firma-e-1-fusionado-pdf#page=22,https://www.docdroid.net/rNgtxyh/microscopia-de-vial-corminaty-dr-campra-firma-e-1-fusionado-pdf,https://twitter.com/ualmeria/status/1410884237377560579?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1410884237377560579%7Ctwgr%5E%7Ctwcon%5Es1_c10&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fhealthfeedback.org%2Fclaimreview%2Fthere-is-no-conclusive-evidence-that-the-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-contains-graphene-oxide%2F,https://www.newtral.es/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/COMUNICADO-DE-LA-UNIVERSIDAD-DE-ALMERI%CC%81A_2-julio-2021_def.pdf?x32658,https://fullfact.org/online/mandatory-vaccine-care-workers/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/boris-johnson-three-covid-vaccine-pictures/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/covid-hospitalisations-vaccine-patrick-vallance/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/daily-cases-vaccine-coverage/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/online/the-light-vaccines/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",The Pfizer vaccine isn’t 99% graphene oxide,,,,,,
+43,,,,True,Leo Benedictus,2021-07-14,,fullfact,,https://fullfact.org/education/maria-miller-nine-ten-girls-ofsted/,Nine in 10 school-age girls are being sent explicit images.,2021-07-14,fullfact,,"During Prime Minister’s Questions last week, and on Twitter, the Conservative MP Maria Miller misinterpreted recent Ofsted research on sexual abuse in schools. As we have said before, based on evidence from a variety of sources, it seems very likely that sexual harassment and abuse are a common problem among schoolchildren, and especially among girls. However, the Ofsted survey does not tell us how common the problem is. Ofsted visited 32 schools and colleges, which it specifically said “should not be assumed to be a fully representative sample of all schools and colleges nationally.” During these visits, inspectors asked students to complete a questionnaire, which showed them a list of different types of abusive behaviour and asked: “How often do these things happen between people of your age”. (This is slightly different from the wording that Ofsted originally told us it had used.) Roughly nine out of 10 girls (88%) said that “being sent pictures or videos they did not want to see” happened “a lot” or “sometimes”. However, they were not answering a question about what happened to them. The question was whether people their age are sent pictures or videos that they do not want to see. It’s unclear how students might have interpreted that in their answers so we can’t say that the figure refers to the number of girls, or even students, that this has happened to. Ms Miller’s office told us that her claim was based on Ofsted’s press statement and its review. We subsequently explained why Ofsted’s statement and review did not support Ms Miller’s claim. She has now added a clarification to her original tweet. Ms Miller is by no means the only person who misinterpreted Ofsted’s research. As we said in our original fact check, the i, Mirror, Metro, Times, Telegraph, Mail, BBC and ITV all made the same mistake in their reporting. The day after we published our first fact check, the BBC amended its article and added a clarification. The fact that many people misunderstood Ofsted’s research in the same way suggests that its press statement and review were not easy for others to understand correctly. We contacted Ofsted to ask whether it planned to clarify the press release or reach out to news outlets to correct these mistakes. However, Ofsted denies that its communication was misleading, and has told us that it will not clarify it.","https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2021-07-07/debates/71BD3D91-1486-41C0-904C-3B5836088E4C/TopicalQuestions#contribution-335CAA50-3B51-4DFF-9B53-15AF33D123F9,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/review-of-sexual-abuse-in-schools-and-colleges/review-of-sexual-abuse-in-schools-and-colleges#what-did-we-find-out-about-the-scale-and-nature-of-sexual-abuse-in-schools,https://twitter.com/MariaMillerUK/status/1415238835609477123?s=20,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/,https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-57411363,https://fullfact.org/education/evening-standard-missing-school-children-covid/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/ofsted-sexual-abuse-schools/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/school-pupils-return-classroom-covid/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/literacy-numeracy-uk-telegraph/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content,https://fullfact.org/education/pupil-funding-conservatives/?utm_source=content_page&utm_medium=related_content",Nine in 10 girls did not say they’d been sent explicit images,,,,,,