From f391e6f94290cbeb5155e40afdfc194f7754fd9b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Damion Dooley Date: Thu, 23 Jan 2025 17:25:19 -0800 Subject: [PATCH] New B2B2B template --- web/templates/b2b2b/export.js | 2 + web/templates/b2b2b/schema.json | 11901 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ web/templates/b2b2b/schema.yaml | 9253 +++++++++++++++++++ web/templates/b2b2b/schema_core.yaml | 37 + web/templates/b2b2b/schema_enums.tsv | 1210 +++ web/templates/b2b2b/schema_slots.tsv | 93 + web/templates/menu.json | 11 + 7 files changed, 22507 insertions(+) create mode 100644 web/templates/b2b2b/export.js create mode 100644 web/templates/b2b2b/schema.json create mode 100644 web/templates/b2b2b/schema.yaml create mode 100644 web/templates/b2b2b/schema_core.yaml create mode 100644 web/templates/b2b2b/schema_enums.tsv create mode 100644 web/templates/b2b2b/schema_slots.tsv diff --git a/web/templates/b2b2b/export.js b/web/templates/b2b2b/export.js new file mode 100644 index 00000000..592ad2d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/web/templates/b2b2b/export.js @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +// A dictionary of possible export formats +export default {}; diff --git a/web/templates/b2b2b/schema.json b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema.json new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2003e955 --- /dev/null +++ b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema.json @@ -0,0 +1,11901 @@ +{ + "name": "B2B2B", + "description": "B2B2B Schema which includes B2B2B template", + "id": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "version": "1.0.0", + "prefixes": { + "linkml": { + "prefix_prefix": "linkml", + "prefix_reference": "https://w3id.org/linkml/" + }, + "xsd": { + "prefix_prefix": "xsd", + "prefix_reference": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" + }, + "shex": { + "prefix_prefix": "shex", + "prefix_reference": "http://www.w3.org/ns/shex#" + }, + "schema": { + "prefix_prefix": "schema", + "prefix_reference": "http://schema.org/" + } + }, + "default_prefix": "https://example.com/B2B2B/", + "types": { + "WhitespaceMinimizedString": { + "name": "WhitespaceMinimizedString", + "description": "A string that has all whitespace trimmed off of beginning and end, and all internal whitespace segments reduced to single spaces. Whitespace includes", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "typeof": "string", + "base": "str", + "uri": "xsd:token" + }, + "Provenance": { + "name": "Provenance", + "description": "A field containing a DataHarmonizer versioning marker. It is issued by DataHarmonizer when validation is applied to a given row of data.", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "typeof": "string", + "base": "str", + "uri": "xsd:token" + }, + "string": { + "name": "string", + "description": "A character string", + "notes": [ + "In RDF serializations, a slot with range of string is treated as a literal or type xsd:string. If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"string\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "schema:Text" + ], + "base": "str", + "uri": "xsd:string" + }, + "integer": { + "name": "integer", + "description": "An integer", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"integer\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "schema:Integer" + ], + "base": "int", + "uri": "xsd:integer" + }, + "boolean": { + "name": "boolean", + "description": "A binary (true or false) value", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"boolean\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "schema:Boolean" + ], + "base": "Bool", + "uri": "xsd:boolean", + "repr": "bool" + }, + "float": { + "name": "float", + "description": "A real number that conforms to the xsd:float specification", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"float\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "schema:Float" + ], + "base": "float", + "uri": "xsd:float" + }, + "double": { + "name": "double", + "description": "A real number that conforms to the xsd:double specification", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"double\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "close_mappings": [ + "schema:Float" + ], + "base": "float", + "uri": "xsd:double" + }, + "decimal": { + "name": "decimal", + "description": "A real number with arbitrary precision that conforms to the xsd:decimal specification", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"decimal\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "broad_mappings": [ + "schema:Number" + ], + "base": "Decimal", + "uri": "xsd:decimal" + }, + "time": { + "name": "time", + "description": "A time object represents a (local) time of day, independent of any particular day", + "notes": [ + "URI is dateTime because OWL reasoners do not work with straight date or time", + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"time\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "schema:Time" + ], + "base": "XSDTime", + "uri": "xsd:time", + "repr": "str" + }, + "date": { + "name": "date", + "description": "a date (year, month and day) in an idealized calendar", + "notes": [ + "URI is dateTime because OWL reasoners don't work with straight date or time", + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"date\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "schema:Date" + ], + "base": "XSDDate", + "uri": "xsd:date", + "repr": "str" + }, + "datetime": { + "name": "datetime", + "description": "The combination of a date and time", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"datetime\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "schema:DateTime" + ], + "base": "XSDDateTime", + "uri": "xsd:dateTime", + "repr": "str" + }, + "date_or_datetime": { + "name": "date_or_datetime", + "description": "Either a date or a datetime", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"date_or_datetime\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "str", + "uri": "linkml:DateOrDatetime", + "repr": "str" + }, + "uriorcurie": { + "name": "uriorcurie", + "description": "a URI or a CURIE", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"uriorcurie\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "URIorCURIE", + "uri": "xsd:anyURI", + "repr": "str" + }, + "curie": { + "name": "curie", + "conforms_to": "https://www.w3.org/TR/curie/", + "description": "a compact URI", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"curie\"." + ], + "comments": [ + "in RDF serializations this MUST be expanded to a URI", + "in non-RDF serializations MAY be serialized as the compact representation" + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "Curie", + "uri": "xsd:string", + "repr": "str" + }, + "uri": { + "name": "uri", + "conforms_to": "https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt", + "description": "a complete URI", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"uri\"." + ], + "comments": [ + "in RDF serializations a slot with range of uri is treated as a literal or type xsd:anyURI unless it is an identifier or a reference to an identifier, in which case it is translated directly to a node" + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "close_mappings": [ + "schema:URL" + ], + "base": "URI", + "uri": "xsd:anyURI", + "repr": "str" + }, + "ncname": { + "name": "ncname", + "description": "Prefix part of CURIE", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"ncname\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "NCName", + "uri": "xsd:string", + "repr": "str" + }, + "objectidentifier": { + "name": "objectidentifier", + "description": "A URI or CURIE that represents an object in the model.", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"objectidentifier\"." + ], + "comments": [ + "Used for inheritance and type checking" + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "ElementIdentifier", + "uri": "shex:iri", + "repr": "str" + }, + "nodeidentifier": { + "name": "nodeidentifier", + "description": "A URI, CURIE or BNODE that represents a node in a model.", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"nodeidentifier\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "NodeIdentifier", + "uri": "shex:nonLiteral", + "repr": "str" + }, + "jsonpointer": { + "name": "jsonpointer", + "conforms_to": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6901", + "description": "A string encoding a JSON Pointer. The value of the string MUST conform to JSON Point syntax and SHOULD dereference to a valid object within the current instance document when encoded in tree form.", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"jsonpointer\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "str", + "uri": "xsd:string", + "repr": "str" + }, + "jsonpath": { + "name": "jsonpath", + "conforms_to": "https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-goessner-dispatch-jsonpath-00.html", + "description": "A string encoding a JSON Path. The value of the string MUST conform to JSON Point syntax and SHOULD dereference to zero or more valid objects within the current instance document when encoded in tree form.", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"jsonpath\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "str", + "uri": "xsd:string", + "repr": "str" + }, + "sparqlpath": { + "name": "sparqlpath", + "conforms_to": "https://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-query/#propertypaths", + "description": "A string encoding a SPARQL Property Path. The value of the string MUST conform to SPARQL syntax and SHOULD dereference to zero or more valid objects within the current instance document when encoded as RDF.", + "notes": [ + "If you are authoring schemas in LinkML YAML, the type is referenced with the lower case \"sparqlpath\"." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "base": "str", + "uri": "xsd:string", + "repr": "str" + } + }, + "enums": { + "NullValueMenu": { + "name": "NullValueMenu", + "title": "null value menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Not Applicable [GENEPIO:0001619]": { + "text": "Not Applicable [GENEPIO:0001619]", + "description": "A categorical choice recorded when a datum does not apply to a given context.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001619" + }, + "Missing [GENEPIO:0001618]": { + "text": "Missing [GENEPIO:0001618]", + "description": "A categorical choice recorded when a datum is not included for an unknown reason.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001618" + }, + "Not Collected [GENEPIO:0001620]": { + "text": "Not Collected [GENEPIO:0001620]", + "description": "A categorical choice recorded when a datum was not measured or collected.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001620" + }, + "Not Provided [GENEPIO:0001668]": { + "text": "Not Provided [GENEPIO:0001668]", + "description": "A categorical choice recorded when a datum was collected but is not currently provided in the information being shared. This value indicates the information may be shared at the later stage.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001668" + }, + "Restricted Access [GENEPIO:0001810]": { + "text": "Restricted Access [GENEPIO:0001810]", + "description": "A categorical choice recorded when a given datum is available but not shared publicly because of information privacy concerns.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001810" + } + } + }, + "PurposeOfSamplingMenu": { + "name": "PurposeOfSamplingMenu", + "title": "purpose_of_sampling menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001]": { + "text": "Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are chosen for investigation into a disease cluster or outbreak.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100001" + }, + "Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002]": { + "text": "Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context of diagnostic testing.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100002" + }, + "Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548]": { + "text": "Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which environments are sampled in the context of testing for the presence of, or change in the levels of, chemicals, pathogens or other phenomena.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100548" + }, + "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]": { + "text": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in order to perform research.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100003" + }, + "Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549]": { + "text": "Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context of experiments or observations performed as part of clinical research.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100549", + "is_a": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]" + }, + "Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550]": { + "text": "Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which samples are taken during real-life experiments which test directly whether proposed interventions actually work.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100550", + "is_a": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]" + }, + "Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582]": { + "text": "Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals and/or materials are sampled for surveillance performed for research purposes.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100582", + "is_a": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]" + }, + "Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004]": { + "text": "Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled for surveillance investigations.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100004" + } + } + }, + "PresamplingActivityMenu": { + "name": "PresamplingActivityMenu", + "title": "presampling_activity menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Addition of substances to food/water [GENEPIO:0100536]": { + "text": "Addition of substances to food/water [GENEPIO:0100536]", + "description": "The addition of substances to food or water administered to an individual or group of individuals.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100536" + }, + "Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537]": { + "text": "Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537]", + "description": "The administration of an antimicrobial agent to an individual or its addition to a substance prior to some other event or activity.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100537" + }, + "Certified animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100538]": { + "text": "Certified animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100538]", + "description": "The implementation of animal husbandy practices that have been certified by an authorized organization.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100538" + }, + "Certified humane animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100894]": { + "text": "Certified humane animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100894]", + "description": "A certification organization in Washington DC that is dedicated to improving the lives of farm animals in food production from birth through slaughter.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100894", + "is_a": "Certified animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100538]" + }, + "Certified organic farming practices [GENEPIO:0100539]": { + "text": "Certified organic farming practices [GENEPIO:0100539]", + "description": "The implementation of organic farming practices that have been certified by an authorized organization.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100539" + }, + "Conventional farming practices [GENEPIO:0100895]": { + "text": "Conventional farming practices [GENEPIO:0100895]", + "description": "The implementation of farming practices that include man-made inputs such as chemical fertilizers and genetically-modified seeds.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100895" + }, + "Change in storage conditions [GENEPIO:0100540]": { + "text": "Change in storage conditions [GENEPIO:0100540]", + "description": "A change in the storage conditions of a material or a substance.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100540" + }, + "Cleaning/disinfection [GENEPIO:0100541]": { + "text": "Cleaning/disinfection [GENEPIO:0100541]", + "description": "A process of removing unwanted substances, such as dirt, infectious agents, and other impurities, from an object or environment.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100541" + }, + "Extended downtime between activities [GENEPIO:0100542]": { + "text": "Extended downtime between activities [GENEPIO:0100542]", + "description": "A prolonged period of inactivity between processes or events.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100542" + }, + "Fertilizer pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100543]": { + "text": "Fertilizer pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100543]", + "description": "The addition of fertilizer to a material or environment prior to some other event or activity.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100543" + }, + "Genetic mutation [GENEPIO:0100544]": { + "text": "Genetic mutation [GENEPIO:0100544]", + "description": "A process in which a genetic mutation (or mutations) are created in an organism.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100544" + }, + "Logistic slaughter [GENEPIO:0100545]": { + "text": "Logistic slaughter [GENEPIO:0100545]", + "description": "The logistical planning of events and processes upstream of the immediate slaughter of an animal (which may include controlling transport climate; traffic conditions, number of pick-up farms, as well as time and distance during transport; queuing at the abattoir etc) that optimize operations and reduce stress on the animal.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100545" + }, + "Microbial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100546]": { + "text": "Microbial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100546]", + "description": "The deliberate addition of microbes or a mixture of microbes to an individual or substance prior to some other event or activity.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100546" + }, + "Probiotic pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100547]": { + "text": "Probiotic pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100547]", + "description": "The addition of a probiotic substance to an individual or material prior to some other event or activity.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100547" + }, + "Vaccination [NCIT:C15346]": { + "text": "Vaccination [NCIT:C15346]", + "description": "Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis or treatment.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C15346" + } + } + }, + "ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu": { + "name": "ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu", + "title": "experimental_specimen_role_type menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018]": { + "text": "Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018]", + "description": "A control specimen that is expected to yield a positive result, to establish a reference baseline for an experiment.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0101018" + }, + "Negative experimental control [GENEPIO:0101019]": { + "text": "Negative experimental control [GENEPIO:0101019]", + "description": "A control specimen that is expected to yield a negative result, to establish a reference baseline for an experiment", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0101019" + }, + "Technical replicate [EFO:0002090]": { + "text": "Technical replicate [EFO:0002090]", + "description": "A technical replicate is a replicate role where the same BioSample is use e.g. the same pool of RNA used to assess technical (as opposed to biological) variation within an experiment.", + "meaning": "EFO:0002090" + }, + "Biological replicate [EFO:0002091]": { + "text": "Biological replicate [EFO:0002091]", + "description": "A biological replicate is a replicate role that consists of independent biological replicates made from different individual biosamples.", + "meaning": "EFO:0002091" + } + } + }, + "SpecimenProcessingMenu": { + "name": "SpecimenProcessingMenu", + "title": "specimen_processing menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Samples pooled [OBI:0600016]": { + "text": "Samples pooled [OBI:0600016]", + "description": "Physical combination of several instances of like material", + "meaning": "OBI:0600016" + }, + "Isolated from single source [OBI:0002079]": { + "text": "Isolated from single source [OBI:0002079]", + "description": "A collection of specimens that is collected from one source (e.g. one organism) during a time period which for the purpose of the study can be considered to be taken at the same sampling time.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002079" + } + } + }, + "EnvironmentalSiteMenu": { + "name": "EnvironmentalSiteMenu", + "title": "environmental_site menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Abattoir [ENVO:01000925]": { + "text": "Abattoir [ENVO:01000925]", + "description": "A facility in which non-human animals are slaughtered and processed for human consumption.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000925" + }, + "Agricultural Field [ENVO:00000114]": { + "text": "Agricultural Field [ENVO:00000114]", + "description": "A field which is located on land and used for agricultural purposes, such as the grazing of livestock or the cultivation of crops.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000114" + }, + "Alluvial fan [ENVO:00000314]": { + "text": "Alluvial fan [ENVO:00000314]", + "description": "A fan-shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing stream flattens, slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_fan ]", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000314" + }, + "Animal cage [ENVO:01000922]": { + "text": "Animal cage [ENVO:01000922]", + "description": "A manufactured cage which may be used to confine, contain, or protect an animal.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000922" + }, + "Aquarium [ENVO:00002196]": { + "text": "Aquarium [ENVO:00002196]", + "description": "An aquarium is a vivarium which simulates the submerged portions of an aquatic environment", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002196" + }, + "Artificial wetland [ENVO:03501406]": { + "text": "Artificial wetland [ENVO:03501406]", + "description": "A wetland ecosystem which is constructed to treat municipal or industrial wastewater, greywater or stormwater runoff.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501406" + }, + "Breeding ground [ENVO:03501441]": { + "text": "Breeding ground [ENVO:03501441]", + "description": "A place where animals breed.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501441" + }, + "Building [ENVO:00000073]": { + "text": "Building [ENVO:00000073]", + "description": "A permanent walled and roofed construction.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000073" + }, + "Barn [ENVO:03501257]": { + "text": "Barn [ENVO:03501257]", + "description": "A farm building used for housing livestock, storing machinery or crops etc", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501257", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Breeder barn [ENVO:03501383]": { + "text": "Breeder barn [ENVO:03501383]", + "description": "A barn where animals are kept for breeding purposes.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501383", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Broiler barn [ENVO:03501386]": { + "text": "Broiler barn [ENVO:03501386]", + "description": "A barn where broiler chickens are reared.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501386", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Sheep barn [ENVO:03501385]": { + "text": "Sheep barn [ENVO:03501385]", + "description": "A barn where sheep are kept.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501385", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Biodome [ENVO:03501397]": { + "text": "Biodome [ENVO:03501397]", + "description": "A building which encloses one or more self-contained ecosystems or living environments.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501397", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Cottage [ENVO:03501393]": { + "text": "Cottage [ENVO:03501393]", + "description": "A human house which is small and is typically in a rural or semi-rural location.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501393", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Dairy [ENVO:00003862]": { + "text": "Dairy [ENVO:00003862]", + "description": "A dairy is a building in which animal milk is harvested and, optionally, processed for human consumption.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00003862", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Hospital [ENVO:00002173]": { + "text": "Hospital [ENVO:00002173]", + "description": "A hospital is a building in which health care services are provided by specialized staff and equipment.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002173", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Laboratory facility [ENVO:01001406]": { + "text": "Laboratory facility [ENVO:01001406]", + "description": "A research facility in which systems of manufactured products control internal conditions and in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01001406", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Pigsty [ENVO:03501413]": { + "text": "Pigsty [ENVO:03501413]", + "description": "A small-scale outdoor enclosure for raising domestic pigs as livestock.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501413", + "is_a": "Building [ENVO:00000073]" + }, + "Building part (organizational term)": { + "text": "Building part (organizational term)", + "description": "A part, section, or fixture of a building." + }, + "Air intake [ENVO:03501380]": { + "text": "Air intake [ENVO:03501380]", + "description": "A building part which is a pipe, vent or other device that enables air to be drawn in from outside a building.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501380", + "is_a": "Building part (organizational term)" + }, + "Animal pen [ENVO:03501387]": { + "text": "Animal pen [ENVO:03501387]", + "description": "An animal enclosure for holding livestock.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501387", + "is_a": "Building part (organizational term)" + }, + "Building floor [ENVO:01000486]": { + "text": "Building floor [ENVO:01000486]", + "description": "A building floor is a surface layer which is part of a building and used for walking.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000486", + "is_a": "Building part (organizational term)" + }, + "Building wall [ENVO:01000465]": { + "text": "Building wall [ENVO:01000465]", + "description": "Building walls are bulding parts which serve to support roofs, floors and ceilings; enclose a space as part of the building envelope; give buildings form; and to provide shelter and security.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000465", + "is_a": "Building part (organizational term)" + }, + "Countertop [ENVO:03501404]": { + "text": "Countertop [ENVO:03501404]", + "description": "A manufactured product which is the surface of a table or cabinet on which work is performed.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501404", + "is_a": "Building part (organizational term)" + }, + "Shelf [ENVO:03501403]": { + "text": "Shelf [ENVO:03501403]", + "description": "A manufactured product which is a flat, long piece of material fastened horizontally, as on a wall or bookcase, to support objects.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501403", + "is_a": "Building part (organizational term)" + }, + "Stall [EOL:0001903]": { + "text": "Stall [EOL:0001903]", + "description": "Division or compartment for an animal, usually within a house", + "meaning": "EOL:0001903", + "is_a": "Building part (organizational term)" + }, + "Window sill [ENVO:03501381]": { + "text": "Window sill [ENVO:03501381]", + "description": "A building part which is a mainly horizontal surface or ledge at the bottom of a window which provides structural support.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501381", + "is_a": "Building part (organizational term)" + }, + "Creek [ENVO:03501405]": { + "text": "Creek [ENVO:03501405]", + "description": "A stream that is usually smaller than a river.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501405" + }, + "Farm [ENVO:00000078]": { + "text": "Farm [ENVO:00000078]", + "description": "An area of land which is used for the cultivation of crops or grazing of livestock, including any agricultural constructions therein.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000078" + }, + "Beef farm [ENVO:03501443]": { + "text": "Beef farm [ENVO:03501443]", + "description": "A farm where cows are kept for the purpose of meat production.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501443", + "is_a": "Farm [ENVO:00000078]" + }, + "Breeder farm [ENVO:03501384]": { + "text": "Breeder farm [ENVO:03501384]", + "description": "A farm where animals are kept for breeding purposes.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501384", + "is_a": "Farm [ENVO:00000078]" + }, + "Dairy farm [ENVO:03501416]": { + "text": "Dairy farm [ENVO:03501416]", + "description": "A farm where cows are kept for the purpose of producing milk and other dairy products.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501416", + "is_a": "Farm [ENVO:00000078]" + }, + "Feedlot [ENVO:01000627]": { + "text": "Feedlot [ENVO:01000627]", + "description": "A feedlot is a plot of land on which livestock are fattened for market [URL:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feedlot ].", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000627", + "is_a": "Farm [ENVO:00000078]" + }, + "Beef cattle feedlot [ENVO:03501444]": { + "text": "Beef cattle feedlot [ENVO:03501444]", + "description": "A feedlot where beef cattle are kept with a focus on efficient growth and weight gain of the animals.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501444", + "is_a": "Feedlot [ENVO:01000627]" + }, + "Fish farm [ENVO:00000294]": { + "text": "Fish farm [ENVO:00000294]", + "description": "A facility in which fish are raised commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000294", + "is_a": "Farm [ENVO:00000078]" + }, + "Research farm [ENVO:03501417]": { + "text": "Research farm [ENVO:03501417]", + "description": "A farm which is used for conducting agricultural research.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501417", + "is_a": "Farm [ENVO:00000078]" + }, + "Central Experimental Farm [GAZ:00004603]": { + "text": "Central Experimental Farm [GAZ:00004603]", + "description": "An agricultural facility, working farm, and research centre of the Research Branch of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. This farm is centrally located in and completely surrounded by the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The CEF is bordered by the Rideau Canal (a National Historic Site as well) to the east, by Baseline Road to the south, by Merivale and Fisher Roads to the west, and Carling Avenue to the north.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004603", + "is_a": "Research farm [ENVO:03501417]" + }, + "Freshwater environment [ENVO:01000306]": { + "text": "Freshwater environment [ENVO:01000306]", + "description": "An aquatic environment which is determined by freshwater.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000306" + }, + "Hatchery [ENVO:01001873]": { + "text": "Hatchery [ENVO:01001873]", + "description": "A construction in which eggs are hatched under artificial conditions.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01001873" + }, + "Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874]": { + "text": "Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874]", + "description": "A hatchery in which the eggs of poultry are hatched under artificial conditions", + "meaning": "ENVO:01001874", + "is_a": "Hatchery [ENVO:01001873]" + }, + "Lake [ENVO:00000020]": { + "text": "Lake [ENVO:00000020]", + "description": "A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained in a depression on a landmass.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000020" + }, + "Manure digester facility [ENVO:03501422]": { + "text": "Manure digester facility [ENVO:03501422]", + "description": "A human construction which is a facility in which a manure digester is housed.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501422" + }, + "Manure lagoon (Anaerobic lagoon) [ENVO:03501423]": { + "text": "Manure lagoon (Anaerobic lagoon) [ENVO:03501423]", + "description": "A human construction which is an outdoor earthen basin filled with animal waste that undergoes anaerobic respiration as part of a system designed to manage and treat refuse created by concentrated animal feeding operations.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501423" + }, + "Manure pit [ENVO:01001872]": { + "text": "Manure pit [ENVO:01001872]", + "description": "A pit which is used for the collection and storage of manure.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01001872" + }, + "Marine environment [ENVO:01000320]": { + "text": "Marine environment [ENVO:01000320]", + "description": "A marine environment and enviroment which is determined by a marine water body.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000320" + }, + "Benthic zone [ENVO:03501440": { + "text": "Benthic zone [ENVO:03501440", + "description": "The ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean, lake, or stream, that includes the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501440", + "is_a": "Marine environment [ENVO:01000320]" + }, + "Pelagic zone [ENVO:00000208]": { + "text": "Pelagic zone [ENVO:00000208]", + "description": "An open ocean region. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean ]", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000208", + "is_a": "Marine environment [ENVO:01000320]" + }, + "Park [ENVO:00000562]": { + "text": "Park [ENVO:00000562]", + "description": "A bounded area of land, or water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped) state and set aside for some purpose, usually to do with recreation or conservation.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000562" + }, + "Pond [ENVO:00000033]": { + "text": "Pond [ENVO:00000033]", + "description": "A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000033" + }, + "Reservoir [ENVO:00000025]": { + "text": "Reservoir [ENVO:00000025]", + "description": "An artificial body of water, often contained by a dam, constructed for the purpose of water storage.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000025" + }, + "Irrigation reservoir [ENVO:00000450]": { + "text": "Irrigation reservoir [ENVO:00000450]", + "description": "A reservoir constructed for the purpose of providing water for irrigation.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000450", + "is_a": "Reservoir [ENVO:00000025]" + }, + "Retail environment [ENVO:01001448]": { + "text": "Retail environment [ENVO:01001448]", + "description": "A planned environmental usage process during which an environment supports the sale of goods to ultimate consumers, usually in small quantities.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01001448" + }, + "Shop [ENVO:00002221]": { + "text": "Shop [ENVO:00002221]", + "description": "A building in which a business presents a selection of goods and offers to trade or sell them to customers for money or other goods.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002221", + "is_a": "Retail environment [ENVO:01001448]" + }, + "Butcher shop [ENVO:03501396]": { + "text": "Butcher shop [ENVO:03501396]", + "description": "A food shop in which meat, poultry, and sometimes fish are sold.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501396", + "is_a": "Retail environment [ENVO:01001448]" + }, + "Pet store [ENVO:03501395]": { + "text": "Pet store [ENVO:03501395]", + "description": "A shop which sells companion animals to the public.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501395", + "is_a": "Retail environment [ENVO:01001448]" + }, + "Supermarket [ENVO:01000984]": { + "text": "Supermarket [ENVO:01000984]", + "description": "A food shop in which food products are the primary offer for sale or trade.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000984", + "is_a": "Retail environment [ENVO:01001448]" + }, + "River [ENVO:00000022]": { + "text": "River [ENVO:00000022]", + "description": "A stream which, through permanent or seasonal flow processes, moves from elevated land towards lower elevations through a definite channel and empties either into a sea, lake, or another river or ends on land as bed seepage and evapotranspiration exceed water supply.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000022" + }, + "Roost (bird) [ENVO:03501439]": { + "text": "Roost (bird) [ENVO:03501439]", + "description": "A perch on which birds rest.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501439" + }, + "Rural area [ENVO:01000772]": { + "text": "Rural area [ENVO:01000772]", + "description": "An area which is outside of a town, city, or urban area. Rural areas are primarily used for agriculture or pastoralism and may contain rural settlements. [ http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/am085e/am085e.pdf ]", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000772" + }, + "Slough [ENVO:03501438]": { + "text": "Slough [ENVO:03501438]", + "description": "A freshwater wetland, that is usually a swamp or shallow lake, often a backwater to a larger body of water.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501438" + }, + "Stream [ENVO:00000023]": { + "text": "Stream [ENVO:00000023]", + "description": "A watercourse which is linear and flows across the solid portion of a planetary surface. [USGS:http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html ]", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000023" + }, + "Trailer [ENVO:03501394]": { + "text": "Trailer [ENVO:03501394]", + "description": "A vehicle which is nonautomative and is designed to be hauled by a motorized vehicle.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501394" + }, + "Tributary [ENVO:00000495]": { + "text": "Tributary [ENVO:00000495]", + "description": "A stream or river which flows into another river (a parent river) or body of water but which may not flow directly into the sea.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000495" + }, + "Truck [ENVO:01000602]": { + "text": "Truck [ENVO:01000602]", + "description": "A truck is a motor vehicle which, as its primary funcion, transports cargo rather than human passangers.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01000602" + }, + "Urban area [ENVO:03501437]": { + "text": "Urban area [ENVO:03501437]", + "description": "An area that has a high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban area includes cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501437" + }, + "Water surface [ENVO:01001191]": { + "text": "Water surface [ENVO:01001191]", + "description": "The surface layer of a volume of water.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01001191" + }, + "Woodland area [ENVO:00000109]": { + "text": "Woodland area [ENVO:00000109]", + "description": "Land having a cover of trees, shrubs, or both.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000109" + }, + "Zoo [ENVO:00010625]": { + "text": "Zoo [ENVO:00010625]", + "description": "A facility in which animals are confined within enclosures and displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00010625" + } + } + }, + "EnvironmentalMaterialMenu": { + "name": "EnvironmentalMaterialMenu", + "title": "environmental_material menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Air [ENVO:00002005]": { + "text": "Air [ENVO:00002005]", + "description": "The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) that surrounds the planet Earth.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002005" + }, + "Alluvium [ENVO:01001202]": { + "text": "Alluvium [ENVO:01001202]", + "description": "Soil or sediment which has been eroded and influenced by flowing water and redeposited in a non-marine setting. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvium ]", + "meaning": "ENVO:01001202" + }, + "Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675]": { + "text": "Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675]", + "description": "An equipment used to feed and water livestock animals.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000675" + }, + "Animal feeder [AGRO:00000679]": { + "text": "Animal feeder [AGRO:00000679]", + "description": "An animal feeding equipment that has a food storage unit and which enables livestock to obtain their own food.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000679", + "is_a": "Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675]" + }, + "Animal drinker [AGRO:00000680]": { + "text": "Animal drinker [AGRO:00000680]", + "description": "An animal feeding equipment that has a water storage unit which enables livestock to obtain their own water.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000680", + "is_a": "Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675]" + }, + "Feed pan [AGRO:00000676]": { + "text": "Feed pan [AGRO:00000676]", + "description": "A bowl or pan which is used to feed livestock.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000676", + "is_a": "Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675]" + }, + "Watering bowl [AGRO:00000677]": { + "text": "Watering bowl [AGRO:00000677]", + "description": "A bowl from which animals can drink.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000677", + "is_a": "Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675]" + }, + "Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671]": { + "text": "Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671]", + "description": "An equipment used in the transportation of an animal", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000671" + }, + "Dead haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100896]": { + "text": "Dead haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100896]", + "description": "A trailer used by a dead haul truck to transport dead animal from an abattoir.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100896", + "is_a": "Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671]" + }, + "Dead haul truck [AGRO:00000673]": { + "text": "Dead haul truck [AGRO:00000673]", + "description": "A truck used to haul dead animals from an abattoir.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000673", + "is_a": "Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671]" + }, + "Live haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100897]": { + "text": "Live haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100897]", + "description": "A trailer used by a live haul truck to transport live animals.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100897", + "is_a": "Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671]" + }, + "Live haul truck [AGRO:00000674]": { + "text": "Live haul truck [AGRO:00000674]", + "description": "A truck used to haul live animals.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000674", + "is_a": "Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671]" + }, + "Belt [NCIT:C49844]": { + "text": "Belt [NCIT:C49844]", + "description": "A device consisting of a narrow loop of material moving over shafts or pulleys.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C49844" + }, + "Biosolids [ENVO:00002059]": { + "text": "Biosolids [ENVO:00002059]", + "description": "A treated form of sludge, sometimes used as a fertilizer in agriculture.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002059" + }, + "Boot [GSSO:012935]": { + "text": "Boot [GSSO:012935]", + "description": "A footwear which covers the foot, the ankle, and sometimes the leg below the knee.", + "meaning": "GSSO:012935" + }, + "Boot cover [OBI:0002806]": { + "text": "Boot cover [OBI:0002806]", + "description": "A personal protective device which is an impermiable material which covers a shoe or boot in order to prevent spread of specific environmental contaminants.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002806", + "is_a": "Boot [GSSO:012935]" + }, + "Broom [ENVO:03501431]": { + "text": "Broom [ENVO:03501431]", + "description": "A cleaning equipment piece which is a bundle of fibres attached to a long handle, and is used for sweeping.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501431" + }, + "Bulk tank [ENVO:03501379]": { + "text": "Bulk tank [ENVO:03501379]", + "description": "A manufactured product which used to safely store and/or transport solids, liquids, gases and a variety of compounds and mixtures.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501379" + }, + "Chick box [AGRO:00000678]": { + "text": "Chick box [AGRO:00000678]", + "description": "The box which is used to transport chick (juvenile chicken).", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000678" + }, + "Chick pad [AGRO:00000672]": { + "text": "Chick pad [AGRO:00000672]", + "description": "The lining of a box or crate used to transport chicks (juvenile chickens).", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000672" + }, + "Cleaning equipment [ENVO:03501430]": { + "text": "Cleaning equipment [ENVO:03501430]", + "description": "An equipment piece used for cleaning a built environment or a manufactured product.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501430" + }, + "Compost [ENVO:00002170]": { + "text": "Compost [ENVO:00002170]", + "description": "The aerobically decomposed remnants of organic materials.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002170" + }, + "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]": { + "text": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]", + "description": "A type of water that contains contaminants such as pathogens, debris, chemicals, etc.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002186" + }, + "Fecal slurry [ENVO:03501436]": { + "text": "Fecal slurry [ENVO:03501436]", + "description": "A mixture of fecal material mixed, buffer, and other materials, that is homogenized and strained and used in fecal microbiota translpantation.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501436", + "is_a": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]" + }, + "Fluid from meat rinse [GENEPIO:0004323]": { + "text": "Fluid from meat rinse [GENEPIO:0004323]", + "description": "A type of fluid obtained from rinsing meat for the purpose of collecting materials and organisms that are on its surface.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004323", + "is_a": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]" + }, + "Effluent [ENVO:03501407]": { + "text": "Effluent [ENVO:03501407]", + "description": "Contaminated water which eminates from a structure such as a wastewater treatment plant, sewer pipe, or industrial outfall, into the environment.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501407", + "is_a": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]" + }, + "Influent [ENVO:03501442]": { + "text": "Influent [ENVO:03501442]", + "description": "Contaminated or untreated water which is flowing into a wastewater treatment plant for processing.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501442", + "is_a": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]" + }, + "Surface runoff [ENVO:03501408]": { + "text": "Surface runoff [ENVO:03501408]", + "description": "Surface water which is 1) from some rainwater, stormwater, meltwater, or other local source and 2) which can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate into soil, and instead flows along a drainage slope.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501408", + "is_a": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]" + }, + "Poultry plucking water [AGRO:00000693]": { + "text": "Poultry plucking water [AGRO:00000693]", + "description": "A type of water obtained from rinsing poultry carcasses during the feather plucking process.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000693", + "is_a": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]" + }, + "Wastewater [ENVO:00002001]": { + "text": "Wastewater [ENVO:00002001]", + "description": "Water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002001", + "is_a": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]" + }, + "Weep fluid [AGRO:00000692]": { + "text": "Weep fluid [AGRO:00000692]", + "description": "A fluid that leaks from a bag containing an animal carcass, and can include water, chemicals and anatomical fluids.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000692", + "is_a": "Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]" + }, + "Crate [ENVO:03501372]": { + "text": "Crate [ENVO:03501372]", + "description": "A manufactured product which is a container, traditionally made of wooden slates, designed to protect transported goods from damage.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501372" + }, + "Dumpster [ENVO:03501400]": { + "text": "Dumpster [ENVO:03501400]", + "description": "A manufactured product which is a reusable container that accumulates waste until it is periodically emptied or replaced.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501400" + }, + "Dust [ENVO:00002008]": { + "text": "Dust [ENVO:00002008]", + "description": "Minute solid particles with diameters less than 500 micrometers. Occurs in and may be deposited from, the atmosphere.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002008" + }, + "Egg belt [AGRO:00000670]": { + "text": "Egg belt [AGRO:00000670]", + "description": "A conveyor belt used to collect eggs in an industrial egg production environment.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000670" + }, + "Fan [NCIT:C49947]": { + "text": "Fan [NCIT:C49947]", + "description": "A device designed to create an air current through the rotation of a planar surface.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C49947" + }, + "Freezer [ENVO:03501415]": { + "text": "Freezer [ENVO:03501415]", + "description": "A manufactured product which is a device used to keep things frozen by maintaining a temperature below the freezing point of water.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501415" + }, + "Freezer handle [ENVO:03501414]": { + "text": "Freezer handle [ENVO:03501414]", + "description": "A manufactured product which is the handle of a freezer door.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501414", + "is_a": "Freezer [ENVO:03501415]" + }, + "Manure [ENVO:00003031]": { + "text": "Manure [ENVO:00003031]", + "description": "Organic matter, mostly animal feces, that is used as organic fertilizer in agriculture.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00003031" + }, + "Animal manure [AGRO:00000079]": { + "text": "Animal manure [AGRO:00000079]", + "description": "Organic matter mostly derived from animal feces which can be used as organic fertilizer in agriculture.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000079", + "is_a": "Manure [ENVO:00003031]" + }, + "Pig manure [ENVO:00003860]": { + "text": "Pig manure [ENVO:00003860]", + "description": "Manure which is primarily composed of pig feces.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00003860", + "is_a": "Manure [ENVO:00003031]" + }, + "Manure digester equipment [ENVO:03501424]": { + "text": "Manure digester equipment [ENVO:03501424]", + "description": "An equipment piece which is used in the aerobic or anaerobic microbial digestion of manure.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501424" + }, + "Nest [ENVO:03501432]": { + "text": "Nest [ENVO:03501432]", + "description": "A structure that is built for certain animals to hold eggs or young.", + "meaning": "ENVO:03501432" + }, + "Bird's nest [ENVO:00005805]": { + "text": "Bird's nest [ENVO:00005805]", + "description": "A bird nest is the spot in which a bird lays and incubates its eggs and raises its young. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_nest ]", + "meaning": "ENVO:00005805", + "is_a": "Nest [ENVO:03501432]" + }, + "Permafrost [ENVO:00000134]": { + "text": "Permafrost [ENVO:00000134]", + "description": "Soil or rock and included ice or organic material at or below the freezing point of water (0 degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Fahrenheit) for two or more years.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00000134" + }, + "Plucking belt [AGRO:00000669]": { + "text": "Plucking belt [AGRO:00000669]", + "description": "A part of the plucking machine that moves the birds through the stages of plucking within the plucking apparatus.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000669" + }, + "Poultry fluff [UBERON:0008291]": { + "text": "Poultry fluff [UBERON:0008291]", + "description": "A feather lacking a vane and having a rudimentary rachis and a tuft of non-interlocked barbs with elongated barbules extending from the calamus.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0008291" + }, + "Poultry litter [AGRO:00000080]": { + "text": "Poultry litter [AGRO:00000080]", + "description": "An animal manure that contains poultry excreta, spilled feed, feathers, and material used as bedding in poultry operations.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000080" + }, + "Sediment [ENVO:00002007]": { + "text": "Sediment [ENVO:00002007]", + "description": "Sediment is an environmental substance comprised of any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bedor bottom of a body of water or other liquid.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002007" + }, + "Soil [ENVO:00001998]": { + "text": "Soil [ENVO:00001998]", + "description": "Soil is an environmental material which is primarily composed of minerals, varying proportions of sand, silt, and clay, organic material such as humus, gases, liquids, and a broad range of resident micro- and macroorganisms.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00001998" + }, + "Agricultural soil [ENVO:00002259]": { + "text": "Agricultural soil [ENVO:00002259]", + "description": "A type of soil used for agriculture that supports the physical, chemical, and biological needs of the desired crop during production.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002259", + "is_a": "Soil [ENVO:00001998]" + }, + "Forest soil [ENVO:00002261]": { + "text": "Forest soil [ENVO:00002261]", + "description": "A portion of soil which is found in a forested area.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002261", + "is_a": "Soil [ENVO:00001998]" + }, + "Straw [ENVO:00003869]": { + "text": "Straw [ENVO:00003869]", + "description": "An agricultural byproduct, the dry stalk of a cereal plant, after the nutrient grain or seed has been removed.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00003869" + }, + "Canola straw [FOODON:00004430]": { + "text": "Canola straw [FOODON:00004430]", + "description": "A straw of a canola plant (Brassica napus var. napus).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004430", + "is_a": "Straw [ENVO:00003869]" + }, + "Oat straw [FOODON:03309878]": { + "text": "Oat straw [FOODON:03309878]", + "description": "A straw of an oat plant (Avena sativa)", + "meaning": "FOODON:03309878", + "is_a": "Straw [ENVO:00003869]" + }, + "Barley straw [FOODON:00004559]": { + "text": "Barley straw [FOODON:00004559]", + "description": "A straw of a barley plant (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare)", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004559", + "is_a": "Straw [ENVO:00003869]" + }, + "Sludge [ENVO:00002044]": { + "text": "Sludge [ENVO:00002044]", + "description": "The residual semi-solid material left from domestic or industrial processes, or wastewater treatment processes.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002044" + }, + "Primary sludge [ENVO:00002057]": { + "text": "Primary sludge [ENVO:00002057]", + "description": "Sludge generated from the initial processes (i.e., precipitation, sedimentation) of wastewater treatment.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002057", + "is_a": "Sludge [ENVO:00002044]" + }, + "Secondary sludge [ENVO:00002058]": { + "text": "Secondary sludge [ENVO:00002058]", + "description": "Activated waste biomass generated during wastewater treatment.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002058", + "is_a": "Sludge [ENVO:00002044]" + }, + "Water [CHEBI:15377]": { + "text": "Water [CHEBI:15377]", + "description": "An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:15377" + }, + "Drinking water [ENVO:00003064]": { + "text": "Drinking water [ENVO:00003064]", + "description": "Water which is suitable for consumption by humans", + "meaning": "ENVO:00003064", + "is_a": "Water [CHEBI:15377]" + }, + "Groundwater [ENVO:01001004]": { + "text": "Groundwater [ENVO:01001004]", + "description": "Underground water which is located in pore spaces found in rock or unconsolidated deposits such as soil, clay, or gravel.", + "meaning": "ENVO:01001004", + "is_a": "Water [CHEBI:15377]" + }, + "Surface water [ENVO:00002042]": { + "text": "Surface water [ENVO:00002042]", + "description": "Water that is found on the surface of an astronomical object.", + "meaning": "ENVO:00002042", + "is_a": "Water [CHEBI:15377]" + } + } + }, + "AnatomicalMaterialMenu": { + "name": "AnatomicalMaterialMenu", + "title": "anatomical_material menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Blood [UBERON:0000178]": { + "text": "Blood [UBERON:0000178]", + "description": "A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000178" + }, + "Fluid [UBERON:0006314]": { + "text": "Fluid [UBERON:0006314]", + "description": "Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0006314" + }, + "Fluid (cerebrospinal (CSF)) [UBERON:0001359]": { + "text": "Fluid (cerebrospinal (CSF)) [UBERON:0001359]", + "description": "A clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001359", + "is_a": "Fluid [UBERON:0006314]" + }, + "Fluid (amniotic) [UBERON:0000173]": { + "text": "Fluid (amniotic) [UBERON:0000173]", + "description": "Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000173", + "is_a": "Fluid [UBERON:0006314]" + }, + "Saliva [UBERON:0001836]": { + "text": "Saliva [UBERON:0001836]", + "description": "A fluid produced in the oral cavity by salivary glands, typically used in predigestion, but also in other functions.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001836", + "is_a": "Fluid [UBERON:0006314]" + }, + "Tissue [UBERON:0000479]": { + "text": "Tissue [UBERON:0000479]", + "description": "Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organisation.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000479" + } + } + }, + "BodyProductMenu": { + "name": "BodyProductMenu", + "title": "body_product menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898]": { + "text": "Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898]", + "description": "Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found in the digestive tract.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100898" + }, + "Caecal content [GENEPIO:0100899]": { + "text": "Caecal content [GENEPIO:0100899]", + "description": "Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found in the cecum", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100899", + "is_a": "Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898]" + }, + "Intestinal content [GENEPIO:0100900]": { + "text": "Intestinal content [GENEPIO:0100900]", + "description": "Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found in the intestine", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100900", + "is_a": "Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898]" + }, + "Stomach content [GENEPIO:0100901]": { + "text": "Stomach content [GENEPIO:0100901]", + "description": "Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found in the stomach", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100901", + "is_a": "Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898]" + }, + "Feces [UBERON:0001988]": { + "text": "Feces [UBERON:0001988]", + "description": "Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001988" + }, + "Fecal composite [GENEPIO:0004512]": { + "text": "Fecal composite [GENEPIO:0004512]", + "description": "A mixture of feces obtained from multiple individuals.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004512", + "is_a": "Feces [UBERON:0001988]" + }, + "Feces (fresh) [GENEPIO:0004513]": { + "text": "Feces (fresh) [GENEPIO:0004513]", + "description": "Feces that was recently excreted.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004513", + "is_a": "Feces [UBERON:0001988]" + }, + "Feces (environmental) [GENEPIO:0004514]": { + "text": "Feces (environmental) [GENEPIO:0004514]", + "description": "Feces which is deposited in the environment.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004514", + "is_a": "Feces [UBERON:0001988]" + }, + "Meconium [UBERON:0007109]": { + "text": "Meconium [UBERON:0007109]", + "description": "A dark greenish mass that accumulates in the bowel during fetal life and is discharged shortly after birth.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0007109", + "is_a": "Feces [UBERON:0001988]" + }, + "Milk [UBERON:0001913]": { + "text": "Milk [UBERON:0001913]", + "description": "An emulsion of fat globules within a fluid that is secreted by the mammary gland during lactation.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001913" + }, + "Colostrum [UBERON:0001914]": { + "text": "Colostrum [UBERON:0001914]", + "description": "The thin, yellow, serous fluid secreted by the mammary glands during pregnancy and immediately postpartum before lactation begins. It consists of immunologically active substances, white blood cells, water, protein, fat, and carbohydrates. [ MESH : A12.200.194 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colostrum ]", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001914", + "is_a": "Milk [UBERON:0001913]" + }, + "Urine [UBERON:0001088]": { + "text": "Urine [UBERON:0001088]", + "description": "Excretion that is the output of a kidney.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001088" + } + } + }, + "AnatomicalPartMenu": { + "name": "AnatomicalPartMenu", + "title": "anatomical_part menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Carcass [UBERON:0008979]": { + "text": "Carcass [UBERON:0008979]", + "description": "A body of a multi-cellular organism that is no longer living.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0008979" + }, + "Swine carcass [FOODON:03311719]": { + "text": "Swine carcass [FOODON:03311719]", + "description": "A carcass of a swine.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03311719", + "is_a": "Carcass [UBERON:0008979]" + }, + "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]": { + "text": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]", + "description": "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001007" + }, + "Caecum [UBERON:0001153]": { + "text": "Caecum [UBERON:0001153]", + "description": "pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001153", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Colon [UBERON:0001155]": { + "text": "Colon [UBERON:0001155]", + "description": "A portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum. In mammals, the colon is the most part of the large intestine, excluding the vermiform appendix, the rectum and the anal canal.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001155", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Digestive gland [UBERON:0006925]": { + "text": "Digestive gland [UBERON:0006925]", + "description": "Any gland that is part of the digestive system.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0006925", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Foregut [UBERON:0001041]": { + "text": "Foregut [UBERON:0001041]", + "description": "Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001041", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Gall bladder [UBERON:0002110]": { + "text": "Gall bladder [UBERON:0002110]", + "description": "An organ that aids digestion and stores bile produced by the liver.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002110", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Gastrointestinal system mucosa [UBERON:0004786]": { + "text": "Gastrointestinal system mucosa [UBERON:0004786]", + "description": "A mucosa that is part of a gastrointestinal system.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0004786", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Gizzard [UBERON:0005052]": { + "text": "Gizzard [UBERON:0005052]", + "description": "The muscular enlargement of the alimentary canal that has usually thick muscular walls and a tough horny lining for grinding the food and when the crop is present follows it and the proventriculus.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0005052", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Hindgut [UBERON:0001046]": { + "text": "Hindgut [UBERON:0001046]", + "description": "The caudalmost subdivision of a digestive tract.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001046", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Intestine [UBERON:0000160]": { + "text": "Intestine [UBERON:0000160]", + "description": "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000160", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Small intestine [UBERON:0002108]": { + "text": "Small intestine [UBERON:0002108]", + "description": "Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002108", + "is_a": "Intestine [UBERON:0000160]" + }, + "Duodenum [UBERON:0002114]": { + "text": "Duodenum [UBERON:0002114]", + "description": "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one).", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002114", + "is_a": "Intestine [UBERON:0000160]" + }, + "Ileum [UBERON:0002116]": { + "text": "Ileum [UBERON:0002116]", + "description": "The portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002116", + "is_a": "Intestine [UBERON:0000160]" + }, + "Jejunum [UBERON:0002115]": { + "text": "Jejunum [UBERON:0002115]", + "description": "The portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002115", + "is_a": "Intestine [UBERON:0000160]" + }, + "Stomach [UBERON:0000945]": { + "text": "Stomach [UBERON:0000945]", + "description": "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000945", + "is_a": "Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]" + }, + "Abomasum [UBERON:0007358]": { + "text": "Abomasum [UBERON:0007358]", + "description": "The fourth stomach of ruminating animals, which is an elongated pear-shaped sac lying on the floor of the abdomen, on the right-hand side, and roughly between the seventh and twelfth ribs. It leads to the beginning of the small intestine.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0007358", + "is_a": "Stomach [UBERON:0000945]" + }, + "Rumen [UBERON:0007365]": { + "text": "Rumen [UBERON:0007365]", + "description": "The first compartment of the ruminant stomach. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0007365", + "is_a": "Stomach [UBERON:0000945]" + }, + "Excretory system (organizational term)": { + "text": "Excretory system (organizational term)", + "description": "An organ or anatomical structure associated with excretion or detoxification of substances in the body." + }, + "Anus [UBERON:0001245]": { + "text": "Anus [UBERON:0001245]", + "description": "Orifice at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. Its function is to expel feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones; food material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose or lignin; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive tract; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001245", + "is_a": "Excretory system (organizational term)" + }, + "Anal gland [UBERON:0011253]": { + "text": "Anal gland [UBERON:0011253]", + "description": "A type of gland occurring as solitary or in pairs or groups, near the anus and sometimes opening into the rectum.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0011253", + "is_a": "Excretory system (organizational term)" + }, + "Cloaca [UBERON:0000162]": { + "text": "Cloaca [UBERON:0000162]", + "description": "Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000162", + "is_a": "Excretory system (organizational term)" + }, + "Liver [UBERON:0002107]": { + "text": "Liver [UBERON:0002107]", + "description": "An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002107", + "is_a": "Excretory system (organizational term)" + }, + "Kidney [UBERON:0002113]": { + "text": "Kidney [UBERON:0002113]", + "description": "A paired organ of the urinary tract which has the production of urine as its primary function.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002113", + "is_a": "Excretory system (organizational term)" + }, + "Rectum [UBERON:0001052]": { + "text": "Rectum [UBERON:0001052]", + "description": "The terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001052", + "is_a": "Excretory system (organizational term)" + }, + "Spleen [UBERON:0002106]": { + "text": "Spleen [UBERON:0002106]", + "description": "The organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002106", + "is_a": "Excretory system (organizational term)" + }, + "Urinary bladder [UBERON:0001255]": { + "text": "Urinary bladder [UBERON:0001255]", + "description": "Distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001255", + "is_a": "Excretory system (organizational term)" + }, + "Foot [UBERON:0002387]": { + "text": "Foot [UBERON:0002387]", + "description": "The terminal part of the vertebrate leg upon which an individual stands. 2: An invertebrate organ of locomotion or attachment; especially: a ventral muscular surface or process of a mollusk.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002387" + }, + "Head [UBERON:0000033]": { + "text": "Head [UBERON:0000033]", + "description": "The head is the anterior-most division of the body.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000033", + "is_a": "Foot [UBERON:0002387]" + }, + "Brain [UBERON:0000955]": { + "text": "Brain [UBERON:0000955]", + "description": "The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000955", + "is_a": "Foot [UBERON:0002387]" + }, + "Ear [UBERON:0001690]": { + "text": "Ear [UBERON:0001690]", + "description": "Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001690", + "is_a": "Foot [UBERON:0002387]" + }, + "Eye [UBERON:0000970]": { + "text": "Eye [UBERON:0000970]", + "description": "An organ that detects light.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000970", + "is_a": "Foot [UBERON:0002387]" + }, + "Mouth [UBERON:0000165]": { + "text": "Mouth [UBERON:0000165]", + "description": "The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. In vertebrates, this extends to the pharynx and includes gums, lips, tongue and parts of the palate. Typically also includes the teeth, except where these occur elsewhere (e.g. pharyngeal jaws) or protrude from the mouth (tusks).", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000165", + "is_a": "Foot [UBERON:0002387]" + }, + "Nose [UBERON:0000004]": { + "text": "Nose [UBERON:0000004]", + "description": "The olfactory organ of vertebrates, consisting of nares, olfactory epithelia and the structures and skeletal framework of the nasal cavity.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000004", + "is_a": "Foot [UBERON:0002387]" + }, + "Nasal turbinal [UBERON:0035612]": { + "text": "Nasal turbinal [UBERON:0035612]", + "description": "A skeletal element of the ethmoid region with complex morphology that are lined with mucuous membranes involved in either olfaction or air conditioning.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0035612", + "is_a": "Nose [UBERON:0000004]" + }, + "Nasopharynx (NP) [UBERON:0001728]": { + "text": "Nasopharynx (NP) [UBERON:0001728]", + "description": "The section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001728", + "is_a": "Nose [UBERON:0000004]" + }, + "Pair of nares [UBERON:0002109]": { + "text": "Pair of nares [UBERON:0002109]", + "description": "Pair of nostrils.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002109", + "is_a": "Nose [UBERON:0000004]" + }, + "Paranasal sinus [UBERON:0001825]": { + "text": "Paranasal sinus [UBERON:0001825]", + "description": "The paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001825", + "is_a": "Nose [UBERON:0000004]" + }, + "Snout [UBERON:0006333]": { + "text": "Snout [UBERON:0006333]", + "description": "The projecting nose and mouth of an animal, especially a mammal.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0006333", + "is_a": "Nose [UBERON:0000004]" + }, + "Lymphatic system [UBERON:0006558]": { + "text": "Lymphatic system [UBERON:0006558]", + "description": "An organ system subdivision that is a network of vessels capable of removing accumulating protein and fluid from the interstitial space and returning it to the vascular space. In some species, this network is connected to the immune system via lymph nodes and lymphocyte-producing organs, with the whole being the lymphoid system.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0006558" + }, + "Lymph node [UBERON:0000029]": { + "text": "Lymph node [UBERON:0000029]", + "description": "Any of the rounded masses of lymphoid tissue that are surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue, are distributed along the lymphatic vessels, and contain numerous lymphocytes which filter the flow of lymph.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000029", + "is_a": "Lymphatic system [UBERON:0006558]" + }, + "Mesenteric lymph node [UBERON:0002509]": { + "text": "Mesenteric lymph node [UBERON:0002509]", + "description": "The lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002509", + "is_a": "Lymph node [UBERON:0000029]" + }, + "Mantle (bird) [GENEPIO:0100927]": { + "text": "Mantle (bird) [GENEPIO:0100927]", + "description": "The forward area of a bird's upper side that is sandwiched between the nape and the start of the back.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100927" + }, + "Neck [UBERON:0000974]": { + "text": "Neck [UBERON:0000974]", + "description": "An organism subdivision that extends from the head to the pectoral girdle, encompassing the cervical vertebral column.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000974" + }, + "Esophagus [UBERON:0001043]": { + "text": "Esophagus [UBERON:0001043]", + "description": "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001043", + "is_a": "Neck [UBERON:0000974]" + }, + "Trachea [UBERON:0003126]": { + "text": "Trachea [UBERON:0003126]", + "description": "The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0003126", + "is_a": "Neck [UBERON:0000974]" + }, + "Nerve [UBERON:0001021]": { + "text": "Nerve [UBERON:0001021]", + "description": "An enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system originating in a nerve root in the central nervous system (or a condensed nervous structure) connecting with peripheral structures.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001021" + }, + "Spinal cord [UBERON:0002240]": { + "text": "Spinal cord [UBERON:0002240]", + "description": "Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002240", + "is_a": "Nerve [UBERON:0001021]" + }, + "Organs or organ parts [GENEPIO:0001117]": { + "text": "Organs or organ parts [GENEPIO:0001117]", + "description": "An object aggregate which has as members whole organs or parts of organs, possibly from different organisms.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001117" + }, + "Organ [UBERON:0000062]": { + "text": "Organ [UBERON:0000062]", + "description": "Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000062", + "is_a": "Organs or organ parts [GENEPIO:0001117]" + }, + "Muscle organ [UBERON:0001630]": { + "text": "Muscle organ [UBERON:0001630]", + "description": "Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001630", + "is_a": "Organ [UBERON:0000062]" + }, + "Skin of body [UBERON:0002097]": { + "text": "Skin of body [UBERON:0002097]", + "description": "The organ covering the body that consists of the dermis and epidermis.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002097", + "is_a": "Organ [UBERON:0000062]" + }, + "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]": { + "text": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]", + "description": "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000990" + }, + "Embryo [UBERON:0000922]": { + "text": "Embryo [UBERON:0000922]", + "description": "Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000922", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Fetus [UBERON:0000323]": { + "text": "Fetus [UBERON:0000323]", + "description": "An embryo that is at the late embryonic stage; this stage covers late steps of the embryogenesis with a fully formed embryo still developing before birth or egg hatching", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000323", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Ovary [UBERON:0000992]": { + "text": "Ovary [UBERON:0000992]", + "description": "The gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000992", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Oviduct [UBERON:0000993]": { + "text": "Oviduct [UBERON:0000993]", + "description": "A tube or collection of tubes in an animal from the ovaries to the outside of the body.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000993", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Placenta [UBERON:0001987]": { + "text": "Placenta [UBERON:0001987]", + "description": "Organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001987", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Testis [UBERON:0000473]": { + "text": "Testis [UBERON:0000473]", + "description": "A gonad of a male animal. A gonad produces and releases sperm.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000473", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Udder [UBERON:0013216]": { + "text": "Udder [UBERON:0013216]", + "description": "A large pendulous organ consisting of two or more mammary glands enclosed in a common envelope and each provided with a single nipple.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0013216", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Uterus [UBERON:0000995]": { + "text": "Uterus [UBERON:0000995]", + "description": "The female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000995", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Vagina [UBERON:0000996]": { + "text": "Vagina [UBERON:0000996]", + "description": "A fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000996", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Yolk sac [UBERON:0001040]": { + "text": "Yolk sac [UBERON:0001040]", + "description": "A sac-like expansion of the ventral wall of the intestine, narrowed into a yolk stalk near the body[Hyman's]. Membranous sac attached to an embryo, providing early nourishment in the form of yolk in bony fishes, sharks, reptiles, birds, and primitive mammals. It functions as the developmental circulatory system of the human embryo, before internal circulation begins. In the mouse, the yolk sac is the first site of blood formation, generating primitive macrophages and erythrocytes.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001040", + "is_a": "Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]" + }, + "Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004]": { + "text": "Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004]", + "description": "Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001004" + }, + "Air sac [UBERON:0009060]": { + "text": "Air sac [UBERON:0009060]", + "description": "Any of the membranous air-filled extensions of the lungs of birds, which increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the lungs.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0009060", + "is_a": "Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004]" + }, + "Lung [UBERON:0002048]": { + "text": "Lung [UBERON:0002048]", + "description": "Respiration organ that develops as an outpocketing of the esophagus", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002048", + "is_a": "Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]" + }, + "Pleura [UBERON:0000977]": { + "text": "Pleura [UBERON:0000977]", + "description": "The invaginated serous membrane that surrounds the lungs (the visceral portion) and lines the walls of the pleural cavity (parietal portion).", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000977", + "is_a": "Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004]" + }, + "Respiratory system mucosa [UBERON:0004785]": { + "text": "Respiratory system mucosa [UBERON:0004785]", + "description": "The mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0004785", + "is_a": "Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004]" + }, + "Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434]": { + "text": "Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434]", + "description": "Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001434" + }, + "Skeletal joint [UBERON:0000982]": { + "text": "Skeletal joint [UBERON:0000982]", + "description": "Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000982", + "is_a": "Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434]" + }, + "Bone element [UBERON:0001474]": { + "text": "Bone element [UBERON:0001474]", + "description": "Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001474", + "is_a": "Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434]" + }, + "Thoracic segment of trunk [UBERON:0000915]": { + "text": "Thoracic segment of trunk [UBERON:0000915]", + "description": "Subdivision of trunk that lies between the head and the abdomen.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000915" + }, + "Abdomen [UBERON:0000916]": { + "text": "Abdomen [UBERON:0000916]", + "description": "The subdivision of the vertebrate body between the thorax and pelvis. The ventral part of the abdomen contains the abdominal cavity and visceral organs. The dorsal part includes the abdominal section of the vertebral column.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000916", + "is_a": "Thoracic segment of trunk [UBERON:0000915]" + }, + "Muscle of abdomen [UBERON:0002378]": { + "text": "Muscle of abdomen [UBERON:0002378]", + "description": "Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external oblique, rectus abdominis.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002378", + "is_a": "Abdomen [UBERON:0000916]" + }, + "Peritoneum [UBERON:0002358]": { + "text": "Peritoneum [UBERON:0002358]", + "description": "Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external oblique, rectus abdominis.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002358", + "is_a": "Abdomen [UBERON:0000916]" + }, + "Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]": { + "text": "Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]", + "description": "Anatomical system that consists of all blood and lymph vessels.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0007798" + }, + "Blood vessel [UBERON:0001981]": { + "text": "Blood vessel [UBERON:0001981]", + "description": "A vessel through which blood circulates in the body.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001981", + "is_a": "Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]" + }, + "Bursa of Fabricius [UBERON:0003903]": { + "text": "Bursa of Fabricius [UBERON:0003903]", + "description": "An epithelial and lymphoid organ that develops as a dorsal diverticulum of the proctodeal region of the cloaca in birds. The luminal (interior) surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary plicae or folds. These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during ontogeny. In the bursa, these stem cells acquire the characteristics of mature, immunocompetent B cells. The bursa is an organ found in birds involved in B cell differentiation.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0003903", + "is_a": "Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]" + }, + "Gill [UBERON:0002535]": { + "text": "Gill [UBERON:0002535]", + "description": "Anatomical surface structure found in many aquatic organisms. It is a respiration organ whose function is the extraction of oxygen from water and the excretion of carbon dioxide. The microscopic structure of a gill is such that it presents a very large surface area to the external environment. Gills usually consist of thin filaments of tissue, branches, or slender tufted processes which have a highly folded surface to increase surface area. A high surface area is crucial to the gas exchange of aquatic organisms as water contains only 1/20 parts dissolved Oxygen compared to air. With the exception of some aquatic insects, the filaments and lamellae (folds) contain blood or coelomic fluid, from which gases are exchanged through the thin walls. Oxygen is carried by the blood to other parts of the body. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood through the thin gill tissue into the water. Gills or gill-like organs, located in different parts of the body, are found in various groups of aquatic animals, including mollusks, crustaceans, insects, fish, and amphibians. [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gill ]", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002535", + "is_a": "Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]" + }, + "Heart [UBERON:0000948]": { + "text": "Heart [UBERON:0000948]", + "description": "A myogenic muscular circulatory organ found in the vertebrate cardiovascular system composed of chambers of cardiac muscle. It is the primary circulatory organ.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0000948", + "is_a": "Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]" + }, + "Pericardium [UBERON:0002407]": { + "text": "Pericardium [UBERON:0002407]", + "description": "The combination of pericardial sac (a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels) plus fibrous pericardium.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0002407", + "is_a": "Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]" + }, + "Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298]": { + "text": "Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298]", + "description": "The external opening of the rectum or cloaca.", + "meaning": "UBERON:2000298" + }, + "Bird vent [UBERON:0012464]": { + "text": "Bird vent [UBERON:0012464]", + "description": "The opening of the cloacal chamber to the outside of the organism. Birds maintain a single cloacal opening throughout their lives. [ http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165 ]", + "meaning": "UBERON:0012464", + "is_a": "Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298]" + }, + "Fish vent [GENEPIO:0100902]": { + "text": "Fish vent [GENEPIO:0100902]", + "description": "The external opening which opens to the reproductive and digestive tracts of the fish. During spawning, the vent serves as an outlet for eggs and sperm. In most fishes, the vent is in front of the anal fin.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100902", + "is_a": "Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298]" + } + } + }, + "FoodProductMenu": { + "name": "FoodProductMenu", + "title": "food_product menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]": { + "text": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]", + "description": "Food material which can be used to meet nutritional requirements of animals, particularly livestock such as cattle, goats, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs.", + "meaning": "ENVO:02000047" + }, + "Blood meal [FOODON:00001564]": { + "text": "Blood meal [FOODON:00001564]", + "description": "Blood meal is a dry, inert powder made from blood used as a high-nitrogen organic fertilizer and a high protein animal feed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001564", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Bone meal [ENVO:02000054]": { + "text": "Bone meal [ENVO:02000054]", + "description": "A mixture of crushed and coarsely ground bones that is used as an organic fertilizer for plants and formerly in animal feed.", + "meaning": "ENVO:02000054", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Brassica carinata meal [FOODON:00004310]": { + "text": "Brassica carinata meal [FOODON:00004310]", + "description": "A meal that is a co-product produced after the extraction of oil from the seed of the Ethiopian mustard plant (Brassica carinata).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004310", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Canola meal [FOODON:00002694]": { + "text": "Canola meal [FOODON:00002694]", + "description": "Canola meal is an oilseed meal made from canola grain. Canola meal is a by-product of the oil crushing process.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002694", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Compound feed premix [FOODON:00004323]": { + "text": "Compound feed premix [FOODON:00004323]", + "description": "A formula mixture of micronutrients that is used as a component in compound feed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004323", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Compound feed premix (medicated) [FOODON:00004324]": { + "text": "Compound feed premix (medicated) [FOODON:00004324]", + "description": "A compound feed premix in which medicinal substance has been added.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004324", + "is_a": "Compound feed premix [FOODON:00004323]" + }, + "Feather meal [FOODON:00003927]": { + "text": "Feather meal [FOODON:00003927]", + "description": "A by product of processing poultry which is made from poultry feathers by partially grinding them under elevated heat and pressure, and then grinding and drying.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003927", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Fish meal [FOODON:03301620]": { + "text": "Fish meal [FOODON:03301620]", + "description": "Fish meal is primarily used as a protein supplement in compound feed. As of 2010, about 56% of fish meal was used to feed farmed fish, about 20% was used in pig feed, about 12% in poultry feed, and about 12% in other uses, which included fertilizer.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03301620", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Lay ration [FOODON:00004286]": { + "text": "Lay ration [FOODON:00004286]", + "description": "Food formulated for the laying hens to increase egg production and egg shell quality.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004286", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Meat and bone meal [FOODON:00002738]": { + "text": "Meat and bone meal [FOODON:00002738]", + "description": "Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a product of the rendering industry. It is typically about 48–52% protein, 33–35% ash, 8–12% fat, and 4–7% water. It is primarily used in the formulation of animal feed to improve the amino acid profile of the feed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002738", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Meat meal [FOODON:00004282]": { + "text": "Meat meal [FOODON:00004282]", + "description": "A meal that is obtained by cooking, defatting, sterilizing, grinding, and sifting by-products of an animal.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004282", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Pet food [FOODON:00002682]": { + "text": "Pet food [FOODON:00002682]", + "description": "Pet food is plant or animal material intended for consumption by pets.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002682", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Soybean meal [FOODON:03302757]": { + "text": "Soybean meal [FOODON:03302757]", + "description": "A type of ground protein-rich residue from the production of soybean oil used chiefly in animal feeds, in adhesives and plastics, in making synthetic protein fibers, and in fermentation media (as for the production of antibiotics).", + "meaning": "FOODON:03302757", + "is_a": "Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]" + }, + "Animal feed ingredient [FOODON:00004322]": { + "text": "Animal feed ingredient [FOODON:00004322]", + "description": "An ingredient that is used in the preparation of animal feed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004322" + }, + "Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256]": { + "text": "Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256]", + "description": "A dairy food product has mammilian milk or a milk component as an ingredient.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001256" + }, + "Cheese block (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000287]": { + "text": "Cheese block (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000287]", + "description": "A whole cheese block or some substance made from a block of processed cheese.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000287", + "is_a": "Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256]" + }, + "Cow skim milk (powdered) [FOODON:03310016]": { + "text": "Cow skim milk (powdered) [FOODON:03310016]", + "description": "Milk powder that is obtained by removing all of the water from pasteurized skim milk.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03310016", + "is_a": "Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256]" + }, + "Milk [UBERON:0001913]": { + "text": "Milk [UBERON:0001913]", + "description": "An emulsion of fat globules within a fluid that is secreted by the mammary gland during lactation.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0001913", + "is_a": "Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256]" + }, + "Dietary supplement [FOODON:03401298]": { + "text": "Dietary supplement [FOODON:03401298]", + "description": "Index dietary/food supplements according to legal and market definitions.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03401298" + }, + "Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194]": { + "text": "Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194]", + "description": "Poultry, game bird or turtle eggs.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03420194" + }, + "Balut [FOODON:03302184]": { + "text": "Balut [FOODON:03302184]", + "description": "A fertilized developing egg embryo that is boiled and eaten from the shell.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03302184", + "is_a": "Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194]" + }, + "Egg yolk [UBERON:0007378]": { + "text": "Egg yolk [UBERON:0007378]", + "description": "The yellow spheroidal mass of stored food that forms the inner portion of the egg of a bird or reptile and is surrounded by the white.", + "meaning": "UBERON:0007378", + "is_a": "Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194]" + }, + "Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414]": { + "text": "Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414]", + "description": "A food product consisting mainly of poultry eggs or derivatives.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000414", + "is_a": "Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194]" + }, + "Hen egg (whole) [FOODON:03316061]": { + "text": "Hen egg (whole) [FOODON:03316061]", + "description": "An egg produced by a chicken hen.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03316061", + "is_a": "Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414]" + }, + "Poultry egg (whole, shell on) [FOODON:03000415]": { + "text": "Poultry egg (whole, shell on) [FOODON:03000415]", + "description": "A whole egg with a shell from poultry.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000415", + "is_a": "Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414]" + }, + "Food mixture [FOODON:00004130]": { + "text": "Food mixture [FOODON:00004130]", + "description": "A mixture of two or more separate food components", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004130" + }, + "Food product analog (food subsitute) [FOODON:00001871]": { + "text": "Food product analog (food subsitute) [FOODON:00001871]", + "description": "A type of food substance used as a replacement for another type of food that looks and behaves similarly e.g. imitation crab meant, almond milk.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001871" + }, + "Milk substitute [FOODON:03305408]": { + "text": "Milk substitute [FOODON:03305408]", + "description": "An edible substance that resembles milk.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03305408", + "is_a": "Food product analog (food subsitute) [FOODON:00001871]" + }, + "Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]": { + "text": "Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]", + "description": "A meat product is a product organized by the form of - or processing done to - its meat component (a skeletal meat part of an animal or crustacean).", + "meaning": "FOODON:03317170" + }, + "Cutlet [FOODON:00003001]": { + "text": "Cutlet [FOODON:00003001]", + "description": "A thin slice of meat from the leg or ribs of veal, pork, chicken, or mutton.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003001", + "is_a": "Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]" + }, + "Filet [FOODON:03530144]": { + "text": "Filet [FOODON:03530144]", + "description": "A boneless cut or slice of meat or fish.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03530144", + "is_a": "Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]" + }, + "Liver (whole, raw) [FOODON:03309772]": { + "text": "Liver (whole, raw) [FOODON:03309772]", + "description": "A whole raw liver is a whole liver organ obtained from an animal during a butchery process.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03309772", + "is_a": "Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]" + }, + "Meat trim [FOODON:03309475]": { + "text": "Meat trim [FOODON:03309475]", + "description": "A meat part that has been cut from a large piece of meat and is too small to be sold individually.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03309475", + "is_a": "Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]" + }, + "Rib (meat cut) [FOODON:03530023]": { + "text": "Rib (meat cut) [FOODON:03530023]", + "description": "The joined section of meat and bone cut from the ribs of an animal.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03530023", + "is_a": "Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]" + }, + "Rib chop [FOODON:00004290]": { + "text": "Rib chop [FOODON:00004290]", + "description": "A cut of meat that comes from the rib section of an animal.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004290", + "is_a": "Rib (meat cut) [FOODON:03530023]" + }, + "Shoulder (meat cut) [FOODON:03530043]": { + "text": "Shoulder (meat cut) [FOODON:03530043]", + "description": "A boneless cut of meat from the area where the clod meets the edge of the pectoral muscle in an animal.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03530043", + "is_a": "Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]" + }, + "Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term)": { + "text": "Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term)", + "description": "A food product consisting of grains and/or cereals." + }, + "Bread loaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000288]": { + "text": "Bread loaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000288]", + "description": "A whole bread loaf or some substance made from a loaf of processed bread.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000288", + "is_a": "Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term)" + }, + "Breakfast cereal [FOODON:03311075]": { + "text": "Breakfast cereal [FOODON:03311075]", + "description": "Breakfast food that is made from processed cereal grains and is often consumed with dairy products such as milk.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03311075", + "is_a": "Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term)" + }, + "Bulk grain [FOODON:03309390]": { + "text": "Bulk grain [FOODON:03309390]", + "description": "A large quantity of grain without any retail packaging.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03309390", + "is_a": "Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term)" + }, + "Oat grain [FOODON:00003429]": { + "text": "Oat grain [FOODON:00003429]", + "description": "A caryopsis fruit of an oat plant (Avena sativa).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003429", + "is_a": "Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term)" + }, + "Legume food product [FOODON:00001264]": { + "text": "Legume food product [FOODON:00001264]", + "description": "A one-celled fruit (pod) usually dehiscing down both sutures, and having the seed attached along a ventral suture.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001264" + }, + "Chickpea (whole) [FOODON:03306811]": { + "text": "Chickpea (whole) [FOODON:03306811]", + "description": "A seed of a chickpea plant (Cicer arietinum).", + "meaning": "FOODON:03306811", + "is_a": "Legume food product [FOODON:00001264]" + }, + "Hummus [FOODON:00003049]": { + "text": "Hummus [FOODON:00003049]", + "description": "Hummus is a Levantine dip or spread made from cooked, mashed chickpeas or other beans, blended with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt, and garlic.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003049", + "is_a": "Legume food product [FOODON:00001264]" + }, + "Soybean (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000245]": { + "text": "Soybean (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000245]", + "description": "A whole soybean or some substance made from a processed soybean.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000245", + "is_a": "Legume food product [FOODON:00001264]" + }, + "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)": { + "text": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)", + "description": "A food product that consists of some meat, poultry or fish." + }, + "Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]": { + "text": "Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]", + "description": "A ground beef product is made of beef that has been finely chopped with a knife or a meat grinder (American English) or mincing machine (British English). Ground beef is used in many recipes including hamburgers and spaghetti Bolognese.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001282", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Beef (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:0001282]": { + "text": "Beef (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:0001282]", + "description": "Ground or minced beef that has had no bone material in it.", + "meaning": "FOODON:0001282", + "is_a": "Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]" + }, + "Beef (ground, extra lean) [FOODON:02000426]": { + "text": "Beef (ground, extra lean) [FOODON:02000426]", + "description": "A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced beef.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000426", + "is_a": "Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]" + }, + "Beef (ground, lean) [FOODON:02000425]": { + "text": "Beef (ground, lean) [FOODON:02000425]", + "description": "A food product made of lean, ground or minced beef.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000425", + "is_a": "Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]" + }, + "Beef (ground, medium) [FOODON:02000427]": { + "text": "Beef (ground, medium) [FOODON:02000427]", + "description": "A food product made of medium, ground or minced beef.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000427", + "is_a": "Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]" + }, + "Beef (ground, regular) [FOODON:02000428]": { + "text": "Beef (ground, regular) [FOODON:02000428]", + "description": "A food product made of regular, ground or minced beef.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000428", + "is_a": "Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]" + }, + "Beef (ground, sirloin) [FOODON:02000429]": { + "text": "Beef (ground, sirloin) [FOODON:02000429]", + "description": "Ground or minced beef that comes from the sirloin region.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000429", + "is_a": "Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]" + }, + "Beef hamburger (dish) [FOODON:00002737]": { + "text": "Beef hamburger (dish) [FOODON:00002737]", + "description": "A hamburger (short: burger) is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun. The patty may be pan fried, grilled, or flame broiled.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002737", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Beef shoulder [FOODON:02000069]": { + "text": "Beef shoulder [FOODON:02000069]", + "description": "The primal cut of beef taken from the shoulder region.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000069", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Beef shoulder chop [FOODON:03000387]": { + "text": "Beef shoulder chop [FOODON:03000387]", + "description": "Meat chop from the shoulder region of beef.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000387", + "is_a": "Beef shoulder [FOODON:02000069]" + }, + "Beef sirloin chop [FOODON:03000389]": { + "text": "Beef sirloin chop [FOODON:03000389]", + "description": "Meat chop from the sirloin region of beef", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000389", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Beef stew chunk [FOODON:00004288]": { + "text": "Beef stew chunk [FOODON:00004288]", + "description": "A chunk of beef used as an ingredient in making stew.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004288", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Beef tenderloin [FOODON:00003302]": { + "text": "Beef tenderloin [FOODON:00003302]", + "description": "A cut of beef corresponding to the psoas major muscle, which is very tender.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003302", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Beef (pieces) [FOODON:02000412]": { + "text": "Beef (pieces) [FOODON:02000412]", + "description": "A whole cut of beef or some substance made from processed beef.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000412", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Brisket [FOODON:03530020]": { + "text": "Brisket [FOODON:03530020]", + "description": "A cut of meat from the breast or lower chest of beef or veal.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03530020", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]": { + "text": "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]", + "description": "Chicken breast consists mainly of the breast meat portion of a chicken, and may or may not include connected bone (boneless versus \"with bone\") and skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002703", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Chicken breast (back off) [FOODON:03000385]": { + "text": "Chicken breast (back off) [FOODON:03000385]", + "description": "A chicken breast with its backbone removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000385", + "is_a": "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]" + }, + "Chicken breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020231]": { + "text": "Chicken breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020231]", + "description": "A chicken breast after the skin has been removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020231", + "is_a": "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]" + }, + "Chicken breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020233]": { + "text": "Chicken breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020233]", + "description": "A chicken breast that still contains the skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020233", + "is_a": "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]" + }, + "Chicken breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020235]": { + "text": "Chicken breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020235]", + "description": "A chicken breast that has had skin and bone material removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020235", + "is_a": "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]" + }, + "Chicken breast cutlet [FOODON:00004308]": { + "text": "Chicken breast cutlet [FOODON:00004308]", + "description": "A cutlet made from chicken breast.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004308", + "is_a": "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]" + }, + "Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716]": { + "text": "Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716]", + "description": "The segment of a chicken's leg between the thigh and tarsus (ankle).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002716", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Chicken drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020237]": { + "text": "Chicken drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020237]", + "description": "A chicken drumstick after the skin has been removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020237", + "is_a": "Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716]" + }, + "Chicken drumstick(with skin) [FOODON:02020239]": { + "text": "Chicken drumstick(with skin) [FOODON:02020239]", + "description": "A chicken drumstick that still contains the skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020239", + "is_a": "Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716]" + }, + "Chicken meat [FOODON:00001040]": { + "text": "Chicken meat [FOODON:00001040]", + "description": "Meat from a chicken", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004239", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311]": { + "text": "Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311]", + "description": "A food product made of ground or minced chicken meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03311826", + "is_a": "Chicken meat [FOODON:00001040]" + }, + "Chicken meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000392]": { + "text": "Chicken meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000392]", + "description": "A food product made of lean, ground or minced chicken meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000392", + "is_a": "Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311]" + }, + "Chicken meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000396]": { + "text": "Chicken meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000396]", + "description": "A food product made of extra lean, ground or minced chicken meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000396", + "is_a": "Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311]" + }, + "Chicken meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000400]": { + "text": "Chicken meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000400]", + "description": "A food product made of medium, ground or minced chicken meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000400", + "is_a": "Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311]" + }, + "Chicken meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000404]": { + "text": "Chicken meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000404]", + "description": "A food product made of regular, ground or minced chicken meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000404", + "is_a": "Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311]" + }, + "Chicken meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000410]": { + "text": "Chicken meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000410]", + "description": "Ground or minced chicken meat that has had no bone material in it.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020311", + "is_a": "Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311]" + }, + "Chicken nugget [FOODON:00002672]": { + "text": "Chicken nugget [FOODON:00002672]", + "description": "A chicken nugget is a chicken product made from chicken meat that is breaded or battered, then deep-fried or baked.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002672", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219]": { + "text": "Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219]", + "description": "A whole thigh that derives from a chicken.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020219", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Chicken thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003331]": { + "text": "Chicken thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003331]", + "description": "A chicken thigh after the skin has been removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003331", + "is_a": "Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219]" + }, + "Chicken thigh (skinless, with bone) [FOODON:02020227]": { + "text": "Chicken thigh (skinless, with bone) [FOODON:02020227]", + "description": "A chicken thigh that is skinless and contains bone element.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020227", + "is_a": "Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219]" + }, + "Chicken thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020228]": { + "text": "Chicken thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020228]", + "description": "A chicken thigh that has had skin and bone material removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020228", + "is_a": "Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219]" + }, + "Chicken upper thigh [FOODON:03000381]": { + "text": "Chicken upper thigh [FOODON:03000381]", + "description": "Meat from the upper thigh of a chicken.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000381", + "is_a": "Chicken thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020228]" + }, + "Chicken upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000383]": { + "text": "Chicken upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000383]", + "description": "A chicken upper thigh that contains the skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000383", + "is_a": "Chicken upper thigh [FOODON:03000381]" + }, + "Chicken thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003330]": { + "text": "Chicken thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003330]", + "description": "A chicken thigh that contains skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003330", + "is_a": "Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219]" + }, + "Chicken thigh (with skin, with bone) [FOODON:00003363]": { + "text": "Chicken thigh (with skin, with bone) [FOODON:00003363]", + "description": "A chicken thigh that contains skin and bone material.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003363", + "is_a": "Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219]" + }, + "Chicken wing [FOODON:00002674]": { + "text": "Chicken wing [FOODON:00002674]", + "description": "A whole wing that derives from a chicken.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002674", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Fish food product [FOODON:00001248]": { + "text": "Fish food product [FOODON:00001248]", + "description": "A fish food product includes products made from any fish species (aquatic vertebrate with gills and fins).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001248", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Fish steak [FOODON:00002986]": { + "text": "Fish steak [FOODON:00002986]", + "description": "A fish steak, alternatively known as a fish cutlet, is a cut of fish which is cut perpendicular to the spine and can either include the bones or be boneless.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002986", + "is_a": "Fish food product [FOODON:00001248]" + }, + "Ham food product [FOODON:00002502]": { + "text": "Ham food product [FOODON:00002502]", + "description": "Ham is pork from a leg cut that has been preserved by wet or dry curing, with or without smoking. As a processed meat, the term \"ham\" includes both whole cuts of meat and ones that have been mechanically formed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002502", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Head cheese [FOODON:03315658]": { + "text": "Head cheese [FOODON:03315658]", + "description": "Head cheese is a cold cut that originated in Europe. Head cheese is not a dairy cheese, but a terrine or meat jelly made with flesh from the head of a calf or pig, or less commonly a sheep or cow, and often set in aspic. A version pickled with vinegar is known as souse.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03315658", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Lamb [FOODON:03411669]": { + "text": "Lamb [FOODON:03411669]", + "description": "A whole lamb or some material processed from a lamb.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411669", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Meat strip [FOODON:00004285]": { + "text": "Meat strip [FOODON:00004285]", + "description": "A cut of meat which is long, narrow and boneless.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004285", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Mutton [FOODON:00002912]": { + "text": "Mutton [FOODON:00002912]", + "description": "The meat of an adult sheep is mutton, a term only used for the meat, not the living animals.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002912", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Pork chop [FOODON:00001049]": { + "text": "Pork chop [FOODON:00001049]", + "description": "A cut of meat (a meat chop) cut perpendicularly to the spine of the pig and usually containing a rib or part of a vertebra, served as an individual portion.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001049", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]": { + "text": "pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]", + "description": "Meat from a pig that has been ground or minced.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03309969", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Pork meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000413]": { + "text": "Pork meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000413]", + "description": "Ground or minced pork meat that has had no bone material in it.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02021718", + "is_a": "pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]" + }, + "Pork meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000399]": { + "text": "Pork meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000399]", + "description": "A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced pork meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000399", + "is_a": "pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]" + }, + "Pork meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000395]": { + "text": "Pork meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000395]", + "description": "A food product made of lean, ground or minced pork meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000395", + "is_a": "pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]" + }, + "Pork meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000403]": { + "text": "Pork meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000403]", + "description": "A food product made of medium, ground or minced pork meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000403", + "is_a": "pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]" + }, + "Pork meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000407]": { + "text": "Pork meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000407]", + "description": "A food product made of regular, ground or minced pork meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000407", + "is_a": "pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]" + }, + "Pork meat (ground or minced, Sirloin) [FOODON:03000409]": { + "text": "Pork meat (ground or minced, Sirloin) [FOODON:03000409]", + "description": "Ground or minced pork meat that comes from the sirloin region.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000409", + "is_a": "pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]" + }, + "Pork shoulder [FOODON:02000322]": { + "text": "Pork shoulder [FOODON:02000322]", + "description": "The primal cut from a pig’s shoulder, above the forelegs.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000322", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Pork shoulder chop [FOODON:03000388]": { + "text": "Pork shoulder chop [FOODON:03000388]", + "description": "Meat chop from the blade roast of pork.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000388", + "is_a": "Pork shoulder [FOODON:02000322]" + }, + "Pork sirloin chop [FOODON:02000300]": { + "text": "Pork sirloin chop [FOODON:02000300]", + "description": "Pork chop from the sirloin region.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000300", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Pork steak [FOODON:02021757]": { + "text": "Pork steak [FOODON:02021757]", + "description": "Pork steaks are steaks cut from the shoulder of the pig.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02021757", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Pork tenderloin [FOODON:02000306]": { + "text": "Pork tenderloin [FOODON:02000306]", + "description": "A cut of pork corresponding to the psoas major muscle which is very tender.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02000306", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883]": { + "text": "Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883]", + "description": "Any meat from one or more poultry birds.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03315883", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Leg (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530159]": { + "text": "Leg (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530159]", + "description": "The leg cut of a poultry bird.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03530159", + "is_a": "Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883]" + }, + "Poultry drumstick [FOODON:00003469]": { + "text": "Poultry drumstick [FOODON:00003469]", + "description": "The calf part of a poultry hindleg (hindlimb zeugopod)", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003469", + "is_a": "Leg (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530159]" + }, + "Neck (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530294]": { + "text": "Neck (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530294]", + "description": "The neck cut of a poultry bird.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03530294", + "is_a": "Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883]" + }, + "Thigh (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530160]": { + "text": "Thigh (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530160]", + "description": "The thigh cut of a poultry bird.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03530160", + "is_a": "Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883]" + }, + "Wing (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530157]": { + "text": "Wing (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530157]", + "description": "The wing cut of a poultry bird.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03530157", + "is_a": "Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883]" + }, + "Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904]": { + "text": "Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904]", + "description": "A food product that is highly seasoned minced meat and is encased in a skin in the shape of a cylinder.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03315904", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Pepperoni [FOODON:03311003]": { + "text": "Pepperoni [FOODON:03311003]", + "description": "A highly seasoned and spicy beef or pork sausage.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03311003", + "is_a": "Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904]" + }, + "Salami [FOODON:03312067]": { + "text": "Salami [FOODON:03312067]", + "description": "A cured sausage which consists of fermented and air-dried meat, typically pork.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03312067", + "is_a": "Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904]" + }, + "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]": { + "text": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]", + "description": "The term shellfish is used both broadly and specifically. For regulatory purposes it is often narrowly defined as filter-feeding molluscs such as clams, mussels, and oyster to the exclusion of crustaceans and all else. Although their shells may differ, all shellfish are invertebrates.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411433", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Mussel [FOODON:03411223]": { + "text": "Mussel [FOODON:03411223]", + "description": "Mussel is the common name used for members of several families of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and freshwater habitats. These groups have in common a shell whose outline is elongated and asymmetrical compared with other edible clams, which are often more or less rounded or oval.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411223", + "is_a": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]" + }, + "Oyster [FOODON:03411224]": { + "text": "Oyster [FOODON:03411224]", + "description": "Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. True oysters are members of the family *Ostreidae*. This family includes the edible oysters, which mainly belong to the genera *Ostrea, Crassostrea, Ostreola, Magallana, Saccostrea*. Pearl oysters are not closely related to true oysters, being members of a distinct family, the feathered oysters (*Pteriidae*).", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411224", + "is_a": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]" + }, + "Shrimp [FOODON:03301673]": { + "text": "Shrimp [FOODON:03301673]", + "description": "A whole shrimp or some material processed from a shrimp.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03301673", + "is_a": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]" + }, + "Scallop [FOODON:02020805]": { + "text": "Scallop [FOODON:02020805]", + "description": "Scallop is a common name that is primarily applied to any one of numerous species of saltwater clams or marine bivalve mollusks in the taxonomic family Pectinidae, the scallops. However, the common name \"scallop\" is also sometimes applied to species in other closely related families within the superfamily Pectinoidea, which also includes the thorny oysters.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020805", + "is_a": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]" + }, + "Squid [FOODON:03411205]": { + "text": "Squid [FOODON:03411205]", + "description": "A squid is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder Decapodiformes.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411205", + "is_a": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]" + }, + "Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690]": { + "text": "Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690]", + "description": "Turkey breast consists mainly of the breast meat portion of a turkey, and may or may not include connected bone (\"deboned or boneless versus bone-in\") and skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002690", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Turkey breast (back off) [FOODON:03000386]": { + "text": "Turkey breast (back off) [FOODON:03000386]", + "description": "A turkey breast with its backbone removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000386", + "is_a": "Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690]" + }, + "Turkey breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020495]": { + "text": "Turkey breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020495]", + "description": "A turkey breast after the skin has been removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020495", + "is_a": "Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690]" + }, + "Turkey breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020499]": { + "text": "Turkey breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020499]", + "description": "A turkey breast that has had skin and bone material removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020499", + "is_a": "Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690]" + }, + "Turkey breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020497]": { + "text": "Turkey breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020497]", + "description": "A turkey breast that still contains the skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020497", + "is_a": "Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690]" + }, + "Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477]": { + "text": "Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477]", + "description": "Meat from the lower joint of the leg of a turkey.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020477", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Turkey drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020501]": { + "text": "Turkey drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020501]", + "description": "A turkey drumstick after the skin has been removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020501", + "is_a": "Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477]" + }, + "Turkey drumstick (with skin) [FOODON:02020503]": { + "text": "Turkey drumstick (with skin) [FOODON:02020503]", + "description": "A turkey drumstick that still contains the skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020503", + "is_a": "Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477]" + }, + "Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]": { + "text": "Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]", + "description": "A turkey meat food product is any food product made predominantly of turkey parts.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001286", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Turkey meat (ground) [FOODON:02020577]": { + "text": "Turkey meat (ground) [FOODON:02020577]", + "description": "A food product made of ground or minced turkey meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002714", + "is_a": "Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]" + }, + "Turkey meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000393]": { + "text": "Turkey meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000393]", + "description": "A food product made of lean, ground or minced turkey meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000393", + "is_a": "Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]" + }, + "Turkey meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000397]": { + "text": "Turkey meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000397]", + "description": "A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced turkey meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000397", + "is_a": "Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]" + }, + "Turkey meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000401]": { + "text": "Turkey meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000401]", + "description": "A food product made of medium, ground or minced turkey meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000401", + "is_a": "Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]" + }, + "Turkey meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000405]": { + "text": "Turkey meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000405]", + "description": "A food product made of regular, ground or minced turkey meat.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000405", + "is_a": "Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]" + }, + "Turkey meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000411]": { + "text": "Turkey meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000411]", + "description": "Ground or minced turkey meat that has had no bone material in it.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020577", + "is_a": "Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]" + }, + "Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325]": { + "text": "Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325]", + "description": "A thigh poultry cut of turkey.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003325", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Turkey thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003329]": { + "text": "Turkey thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003329]", + "description": "A turkey thigh after the skin has been removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003329", + "is_a": "Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325]" + }, + "Turkey thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020491]": { + "text": "Turkey thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020491]", + "description": "A turkey thigh that has had skin and bone material removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020491", + "is_a": "Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325]" + }, + "Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328]": { + "text": "Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328]", + "description": "A turkey thigh that still contains the skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003328", + "is_a": "Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325]" + }, + "Turkey upper thigh [FOODON:03000382]": { + "text": "Turkey upper thigh [FOODON:03000382]", + "description": "Meat from the upper thigh of a turkey.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000382", + "is_a": "Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328]" + }, + "Turkey upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000384]": { + "text": "Turkey upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000384]", + "description": "Turkey's upper thigh that contains the skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000384", + "is_a": "Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328]" + }, + "Turkey wing [FOODON:02020478]": { + "text": "Turkey wing [FOODON:02020478]", + "description": "The wing of a turkey.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02020478", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Veal [FOODON:00003083]": { + "text": "Veal [FOODON:00003083]", + "description": "Veal is the meat of calves, in contrast to the beef from older cattle. Veal can be produced from a calf of either sex and any breed; however, most veal comes from young males of dairy breeds which are not used for breeding.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003083", + "is_a": "Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term)" + }, + "Formula fed veal [FOODON:000039111]": { + "text": "Formula fed veal [FOODON:000039111]", + "description": "Meat of a calf that is raised on a fortified milk formula diet and solid feed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:000039111", + "is_a": "Veal [FOODON:00003083]" + }, + "Grain-fed veal [FOODON:00004280]": { + "text": "Grain-fed veal [FOODON:00004280]", + "description": "Meat from a calf that is raised on grain, hay, or other solid food, in addition to milk", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004280", + "is_a": "Veal [FOODON:00003083]" + }, + "Microbial food product [FOODON:00001145]": { + "text": "Microbial food product [FOODON:00001145]", + "description": "A food product derived from one or more microorganisms including bacteria, mold, and yeast.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001145" + }, + "Yeast [FOODON:03411345]": { + "text": "Yeast [FOODON:03411345]", + "description": "Yeasts are eukaryotic micro-organisms classified in the kingdom *Fungi*, with 1,500 species currently described estimated to be only 1% of all fungal species.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411345", + "is_a": "Microbial food product [FOODON:00001145]" + }, + "Nuts and seed products": { + "text": "Nuts and seed products", + "description": "A food product derived from nuts and seeds, either whole or in parts." + }, + "Almond (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000218]": { + "text": "Almond (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000218]", + "description": "A whole almond or some substance made from a processed almond.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000218", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Almond (whole) [FOODON:00003523]": { + "text": "Almond (whole) [FOODON:00003523]", + "description": "A drupe fruit of an almond plant (Prunus dulcis).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003523", + "is_a": "Almond (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000218]" + }, + "Barley seed [FOODON:00003394]": { + "text": "Barley seed [FOODON:00003394]", + "description": "A caryopsis fruit of a barley plant (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003394", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Canola seed [FOODON:00004560]": { + "text": "Canola seed [FOODON:00004560]", + "description": "A seed of a canola plant.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004560", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Chia seed powder [FOODON:00003925]": { + "text": "Chia seed powder [FOODON:00003925]", + "description": "A powder made from chia seeds.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003925", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Chia seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000241]": { + "text": "Chia seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000241]", + "description": "A whole chia seed or some substance made from a processed chia seed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000241", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Flaxseed powder [FOODON:00004276]": { + "text": "Flaxseed powder [FOODON:00004276]", + "description": "A powder that is prepared by grinding flax seeds.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004276", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Hazelnut [FOODON:00002933]": { + "text": "Hazelnut [FOODON:00002933]", + "description": "The hazelnut is the nut of the hazel and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. It also is known as cobnut or filbert nut according to species.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002933", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Nut (whole or part) [FOODON:03306632]": { + "text": "Nut (whole or part) [FOODON:03306632]", + "description": "A whole nut or some substance made from a processed nut.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03306632", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Peanut butter [FOODON:03306867]": { + "text": "Peanut butter [FOODON:03306867]", + "description": "A food paste or spread made from ground, dry-roasted peanuts.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03306867", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Sesame seed [FOODON:03310306]": { + "text": "Sesame seed [FOODON:03310306]", + "description": "A seed of a sesame plant (Sesamum indicum).", + "meaning": "FOODON:03310306", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Tahini [FOODON:00003855]": { + "text": "Tahini [FOODON:00003855]", + "description": "A condiment made from toasted ground hulled sesame.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003855", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Walnut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03316466]": { + "text": "Walnut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03316466]", + "description": "A whole walnut or some substance made from a processed walnut.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03316466", + "is_a": "Nuts and seed products" + }, + "Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180]": { + "text": "Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180]", + "description": "Food product that is 1) ready or nearly ready for consumption; 2) usually a composite of several foods or ingredients that often belong to distinct product types; 3) usually formulated, mixed and partially or fully cooked.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001180" + }, + "Condiment [FOODON:03315708]": { + "text": "Condiment [FOODON:03315708]", + "description": "A substance such as a sauce or powder that is used to add flavor to food e.g. ketchup.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03315708", + "is_a": "Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180]" + }, + "Confectionery food product [FOODON:00001149]": { + "text": "Confectionery food product [FOODON:00001149]", + "description": "Food items that are rich in sugar, any one or type of which is called a confection. Modern usage may include substances rich in artificial sweeteners as well.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001149", + "is_a": "Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180]" + }, + "Snack food [FOODON:03315013]": { + "text": "Snack food [FOODON:03315013]", + "description": "A snack is a small portion of food and generally eaten between meals.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03315013", + "is_a": "Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180]" + }, + "Produce [FOODON:03305145]": { + "text": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]", + "description": "A type of farm-produced crop or crops, usually fruits and vegetables, which are fresh and generally in the same state as where and when they were harvested.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03305145" + }, + "Apple (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310788]": { + "text": "Apple (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310788]", + "description": "An apple, whole or in pieces, for eating, baking or other food processing.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03310788", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Apple (whole) [FOODON:00002473]": { + "text": "Apple (whole) [FOODON:00002473]", + "description": "A pome fruit of an apple tree (Malus domestica).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002473", + "is_a": "Apple (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310788]" + }, + "Arugula greens bunch [FOODON:00003643]": { + "text": "Arugula greens bunch [FOODON:00003643]", + "description": "Arugula, (Eruca sativa) is an edible annual plant, also known as rocket salad, rucola, rucoli, rugula, colewort, and roquette.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003643", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Avocado [FOODON:00003600]": { + "text": "Avocado [FOODON:00003600]", + "description": "A whole avocado or some substance made from processed avocado.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003600", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Cantaloupe (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000243]": { + "text": "Cantaloupe (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000243]", + "description": "A whole cantaloupe or some substance made from a processed cantaloupe.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000243", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Chilli pepper [FOODON:00003744]": { + "text": "Chilli pepper [FOODON:00003744]", + "description": "The chili pepper is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum which are members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003744", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Coconut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03309861]": { + "text": "Coconut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03309861]", + "description": "A whole coconut or some substance made from a processed coconut.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03309861", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Coconut meat [FOODON:00003856]": { + "text": "Coconut meat [FOODON:00003856]", + "description": "The white, fleshy part of a coconut.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003856", + "is_a": "Coconut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03309861]" + }, + "Corn cob (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310791]": { + "text": "Corn cob (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310791]", + "description": "A whole corn cob or some substance made from one or more processed corn cob.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03310791", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Cucumber (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000229]": { + "text": "Cucumber (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000229]", + "description": "A whole cucumber or some substance made from a processed cucumber.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000229", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Fruit [PO:0009001]": { + "text": "Fruit [PO:0009001]", + "description": "A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a gynoecium (PO:0009062), or a single carpel (PO:0009030), and at maturity may have as parts one or more seeds", + "meaning": "PO:0009001", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Goji berry [FOODON:00004360]": { + "text": "Goji berry [FOODON:00004360]", + "description": "A whole goji berry or some substance made from the processed goji berry.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004360", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Greens (raw) [FOODON:03310765]": { + "text": "Greens (raw) [FOODON:03310765]", + "description": "A plant leaf vegetable food product which is a bunch of raw leaves.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03310765", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Kale leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000236]": { + "text": "Kale leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000236]", + "description": "A whole kale leaf or some substance made from a processed kale leaf.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000236", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Karela (bitter melon) [FOODON:00004367]": { + "text": "Karela (bitter melon) [FOODON:00004367]", + "description": "A melon food product from the Momordica charantia, a tropical and subtropical vine of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004367", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Lettuce head (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000239]": { + "text": "Lettuce head (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000239]", + "description": "A whole lettuce head or some substance made from a processed lettuce head.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000239", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Mango (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000217]": { + "text": "Mango (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000217]", + "description": "A whole mango or some substance made from a processed mango.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000217", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Mushroom (fruitbody) [FOODON:00003528]": { + "text": "Mushroom (fruitbody) [FOODON:00003528]", + "description": "A fruitbody of a mushroom.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003528", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Papaya (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000228]": { + "text": "Papaya (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000228]", + "description": "Whole papaya or some substance made from processed papaya.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000228", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Pattypan squash (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000232]": { + "text": "Pattypan squash (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000232]", + "description": "A whole pattypan squash or some substance made from a processed pattypan squash.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000232", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Peach [FOODON:00002485]": { + "text": "Peach [FOODON:00002485]", + "description": "A whole peach or some substance made from processed peach.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002485", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000249]": { + "text": "Pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000249]", + "description": "A whole pepper or some substance made from processed pepper.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000249", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Potato [FOODON:03315354]": { + "text": "Potato [FOODON:03315354]", + "description": "A whole potato or some substance made from processed potato.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03315354", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Salad [FOODON:03316042]": { + "text": "Salad [FOODON:03316042]", + "description": "A cold dish of various mixtures of raw or cooked vegetables, usually seasoned with oil, vinegar, or other dressing and sometimes accompanied by meat, fish, or other ingredients.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03316042", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Scallion (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000250]": { + "text": "Scallion (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000250]", + "description": "A whole scallion or some substance made from a processed scallion.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000250", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Spinach (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000221]": { + "text": "Spinach (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000221]", + "description": "Whole spinach or some substance made from processed spinach.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000221", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Sprout [FOODON:03420183]": { + "text": "Sprout [FOODON:03420183]", + "description": "A young plant growing from a seed; may have small leaves. The endosperm is diminished or removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03420183", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102]": { + "text": "Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102]", + "description": "A seed which has germinated and put out shoots.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03420102", + "is_a": "Sprout [FOODON:03420183]" + }, + "Alfalfa sprout [FOODON:00002670]": { + "text": "Alfalfa sprout [FOODON:00002670]", + "description": "A sprout from an alfalfa seed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002670", + "is_a": "Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102]" + }, + "Bean sprout [FOODON:00002576]": { + "text": "Bean sprout [FOODON:00002576]", + "description": "A bean sprout is a germinated bean to be eaten raw or cooked", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002576", + "is_a": "Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102]" + }, + "Chia sprout [FOODON:03000180]": { + "text": "Chia sprout [FOODON:03000180]", + "description": "A sprouted chia seed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000180", + "is_a": "Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102]" + }, + "Mixed sprouts [FOODON:03000182]": { + "text": "Mixed sprouts [FOODON:03000182]", + "description": "A food product made from more than one sprouted seed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000182", + "is_a": "Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102]" + }, + "Mung bean sprout [FOODON:03301446]": { + "text": "Mung bean sprout [FOODON:03301446]", + "description": "A germinated or sprouted seed of a mung bean plant (Vigna radiata).", + "meaning": "FOODON:03301446", + "is_a": "Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102]" + }, + "Tomato (whole or pieces) [FOODON:00002318]": { + "text": "Tomato (whole or pieces) [FOODON:00002318]", + "description": "A whole tomato or some substance made from a processed tomato.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002318", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Vegetable (whole or parts) [FOODON:03315308]": { + "text": "Vegetable (whole or parts) [FOODON:03315308]", + "description": "A whole vegetable or some substance made from a processed vegetable.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03315308", + "is_a": "Produce [FOODON:03305145]" + }, + "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]": { + "text": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]", + "description": "A vegetable product such as leaves, flowers, seeds and roots that is rich in essential oils and aromatic principles. Used mainly a a condiment.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001242" + }, + "Basil (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000233]": { + "text": "Basil (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000233]", + "description": "Whole basil or some substance made from processed basil.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000233", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Black pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000242]": { + "text": "Black pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000242]", + "description": "A whole black pepper or some substance made from processed black pepper.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000242", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Cardamom (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000246]": { + "text": "Cardamom (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000246]", + "description": "A whole cardamom or some substance made from a processed cardamom.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000246", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Chive leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000240]": { + "text": "Chive leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000240]", + "description": "A whole chive leaf or some substance made from a processed chive leaf.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000240", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Coriander powder [FOODON:00004274]": { + "text": "Coriander powder [FOODON:00004274]", + "description": "A powder that is prepared by grinding coriander seeds.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004274", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Coriander seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000224]": { + "text": "Coriander seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000224]", + "description": "A whole coriander seed or some substance made from a processed coriander seed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000224", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Cumin powder [FOODON:00004275]": { + "text": "Cumin powder [FOODON:00004275]", + "description": "A powder that is prepared by grinding cumin seeds.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004275", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Cumin seed (whole) [FOODON:00003396]": { + "text": "Cumin seed (whole) [FOODON:00003396]", + "description": "A seed of a cumin plant (Cuminum cyminum).", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003396", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Black cumin seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000247]": { + "text": "Black cumin seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000247]", + "description": "Whole black cumin seed or some substance made from a processed black cumin seed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000247", + "is_a": "Cumin seed (whole) [FOODON:00003396]" + }, + "Curry leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000225]": { + "text": "Curry leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000225]", + "description": "A whole curry leaf or some substance made from a processed curry leaf.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000225", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Curry powder [FOODON:03301842]": { + "text": "Curry powder [FOODON:03301842]", + "description": "A mixture of finely ground spices, such as turmeric, ginger, and coriander, used for making curry.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03301842", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Dill spice [FOODON:00004307]": { + "text": "Dill spice [FOODON:00004307]", + "description": "The aromatic foliage and seeds of dill (usually Anethum graveolens) which are used in flavoring foods and especially pickles.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004307", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Fennel (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000244]": { + "text": "Fennel (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000244]", + "description": "Whole fennel or some substance made from processed fennel.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000244", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Garlic powder [FOODON:03301844]": { + "text": "Garlic powder [FOODON:03301844]", + "description": "A spice derived from grounding dehydrated garlic into a powder.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03301844", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Ginger root (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000220]": { + "text": "Ginger root (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000220]", + "description": "A whole ginger root or some substance made from a processed ginger root.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000220", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Mint leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000238]": { + "text": "Mint leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000238]", + "description": "A whole mint leaf or some substance made from a processed mint leaf.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000238", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Oregano (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000226]": { + "text": "Oregano (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000226]", + "description": "A whole oregano leaf or some substance made from a processed oregano leaf.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000226", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Paprika (ground) [FOODON:03301223]": { + "text": "Paprika (ground) [FOODON:03301223]", + "description": "A powdered spice with a deep orange-red color and a mildly pungent flavor, made from the dried and ground fruits of certain varieties of pepper.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03301223", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Parsley leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000231]": { + "text": "Parsley leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000231]", + "description": "A whole parsley leaf or some substance made from a processed parsley leaf.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000231", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Pepper (ground) [FOODON:03301526]": { + "text": "Pepper (ground) [FOODON:03301526]", + "description": "A spice derived from grounding dried peppercorns usually obtained from the flowering vine of the species Piper nigrum.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03301526", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Rasam powder [FOODON:00004277]": { + "text": "Rasam powder [FOODON:00004277]", + "description": "A traditional south Indian condiment made with roasted lentils, whole spices and fresh herbs.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004277", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Sage [FOODON:03301560]": { + "text": "Sage [FOODON:03301560]", + "description": "A leaf of a sage plant (Salvia officinalis).", + "meaning": "FOODON:03301560", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Turmeric (ground) [FOODON:03310841]": { + "text": "Turmeric (ground) [FOODON:03310841]", + "description": "A spice that is bright yellow in colour spice that is made by grounding the dried root of the ginger plant Curcuma longa.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03310841", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "Spice [FOODON:03303380]": { + "text": "Spice [FOODON:03303380]", + "description": "An aromatic or pungent vegetable substance used to flavor food, e.g. cloves, pepper, or cumin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03303380", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + }, + "White peppercorn (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000251]": { + "text": "White peppercorn (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000251]", + "description": "A whole white peppercorn or some substance made from a processed white peppercorn.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000251", + "is_a": "Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]" + } + } + }, + "FoodProductPropertiesMenu": { + "name": "FoodProductPropertiesMenu", + "title": "food_product_properties menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Food (canned) [FOODON:00002418]": { + "text": "Food (canned) [FOODON:00002418]", + "description": "A food material stored in a metal can.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002418" + }, + "Food (cooked) [FOODON:00001181]": { + "text": "Food (cooked) [FOODON:00001181]", + "description": "A food material that has been prepared by heating.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00001181" + }, + "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]": { + "text": "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]", + "description": "A food state quality in which the food has undergone a process of being cut into smaller pieces, chunks or slices.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004291" + }, + "Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777]": { + "text": "Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777]", + "description": "Food material chopped into roughly bite-sized pieces.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002777", + "is_a": "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]" + }, + "Food (chunks) [FOODON:00004555]": { + "text": "Food (chunks) [FOODON:00004555]", + "description": "Solid food that has been cut into short, thick pieces.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004555", + "is_a": "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]" + }, + "Food (cubed) [FOODON:00004278]": { + "text": "Food (cubed) [FOODON:00004278]", + "description": "Solid food that is divided into uniformly box-shaped pieces with all sides equal.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004278", + "is_a": "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]" + }, + "Food (diced) [FOODON:00004549]": { + "text": "Food (diced) [FOODON:00004549]", + "description": "Solid food that has been cut into small cubes using a dicing culinary technique.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004549", + "is_a": "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]" + }, + "Food (grated) [FOODON:00004552]": { + "text": "Food (grated) [FOODON:00004552]", + "description": "Solid food that has been scrated across a grater to create small pieces.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004552", + "is_a": "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]" + }, + "Food (sliced) [FOODON:00002455]": { + "text": "Food (sliced) [FOODON:00002455]", + "description": "Solid food that is divided into uniformly thin pieces.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002455", + "is_a": "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]" + }, + "Food (shredded) [FOODON:00004553]": { + "text": "Food (shredded) [FOODON:00004553]", + "description": "Solid food that has been scraped across or through a shredding surface to make strips.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004553", + "is_a": "Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]" + }, + "Food (dried) [FOODON:03307539]": { + "text": "Food (dried) [FOODON:03307539]", + "description": "A food material preserved by the process of dehydration or drying.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03307539" + }, + "Food (fresh) [FOODON:00002457]": { + "text": "Food (fresh) [FOODON:00002457]", + "description": "Fresh food is food that has not been subjected to food preservation processes (including freezing) that alter its harvested state significantly.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00002457" + }, + "Food (frozen) [FOODON:03302148]": { + "text": "Food (frozen) [FOODON:03302148]", + "description": "A food material stored below its freezing point.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03302148" + }, + "Food (pulped) [FOODON:00004554]": { + "text": "Food (pulped) [FOODON:00004554]", + "description": "Solid food that has softened by pressure and any resulting liquid has been removed.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004554" + }, + "Food (raw) [FOODON:03311126]": { + "text": "Food (raw) [FOODON:03311126]", + "description": "A food material that has not been cooked.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03311126" + }, + "Food (unseasoned) [FOODON:00004287]": { + "text": "Food (unseasoned) [FOODON:00004287]", + "description": "A food product which does not have any seasoning applied to it.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004287" + }, + "Italian-style food product [FOODON:00004321]": { + "text": "Italian-style food product [FOODON:00004321]", + "description": "A food product which is prepared in an Italian cooking style.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004321" + }, + "Meat (boneless) [FOODON:00003467]": { + "text": "Meat (boneless) [FOODON:00003467]", + "description": "A piece of animal meat that is boneless.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003467" + }, + "Meat (skinless) [FOODON:00003468]": { + "text": "Meat (skinless) [FOODON:00003468]", + "description": "A piece of animal meat that is skinless.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003468" + }, + "Meat (with bone) [FOODON:02010116]": { + "text": "Meat (with bone) [FOODON:02010116]", + "description": "A piece of animal meat that contains bone material.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02010116" + }, + "Meat (with skin) [FOODON:02010111]": { + "text": "Meat (with skin) [FOODON:02010111]", + "description": "A piece of animal meat that contains skin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:02010111" + }, + "Soft [PATO:0000387]": { + "text": "Soft [PATO:0000387]", + "description": "A hardness quality of giving little resistance to pressure.", + "meaning": "PATO:0000387" + } + } + }, + "CollectionDeviceMenu": { + "name": "CollectionDeviceMenu", + "title": "collection_device menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Auger (earth auger) [AGRO:00000405]": { + "text": "Auger (earth auger) [AGRO:00000405]", + "description": "Manually operated hand tool that consists of cutter head having semicircular blades connected to pipe with the help of clamp and flange. The connecting pipe is further connected to a handle.", + "meaning": "AGRO:00000405" + }, + "Box corer [GENEPIO:0100928]": { + "text": "Box corer [GENEPIO:0100928]", + "description": "A specimen collection device that is used to collect soft sediments in lakes or oceans.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100928" + }, + "Container [OBI:0000967]": { + "text": "Container [OBI:0000967]", + "description": "A device that can be used to restrict the location of material entities over time.", + "meaning": "OBI:0000967" + }, + "Bag [GSSO:008558]": { + "text": "Bag [GSSO:008558]", + "description": "A sac or pouch.", + "meaning": "GSSO:008558", + "is_a": "Container [OBI:0000967]" + }, + "Whirlpak sampling bag [GENEPIO:0002122]": { + "text": "Whirlpak sampling bag [GENEPIO:0002122]", + "description": "A sterilized sampling bag that is puncture proof tabs for protection from damage due to wire-end protrusion and leak-proof closures.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0002122", + "is_a": "Bag [GSSO:008558]" + }, + "Bottle [FOODON:03490214]": { + "text": "Bottle [FOODON:03490214]", + "description": "A rigid or semirigid container typically of glass or plastic having a comparatively narrow neck or mouth and usually no handle.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03490214", + "is_a": "Container [OBI:0000967]" + }, + "Vial [OBI:0000522]": { + "text": "Vial [OBI:0000522]", + "description": "A container made from solid material and primarily used for holding liquid.", + "meaning": "OBI:0000522", + "is_a": "Container [OBI:0000967]" + }, + "Culture plate [GENEPIO:0004318]": { + "text": "Culture plate [GENEPIO:0004318]", + "description": "A low flat-bottomed laboratory container for growing a layer of organisms such as bacteria, molds, and cells on a thin layer of nutrient medium.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004318" + }, + "Petri dish [NCIT:C96141]": { + "text": "Petri dish [NCIT:C96141]", + "description": "A shallow dish with a lid used to culture cells.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C96141", + "is_a": "Culture plate [GENEPIO:0004318]" + }, + "Filter [GENEPIO:0100103]": { + "text": "Filter [GENEPIO:0100103]", + "description": "A manufactured product which separates solids from fluids by adding a medium through which only a fluid can pass.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100103" + }, + "PONAR grab sampler [GENEPIO:0100929]": { + "text": "PONAR grab sampler [GENEPIO:0100929]", + "description": "A specimen collection device that is designed to collect sediment samples from the hard bottoms of a body of water i.e. sand, gravel, consolidated marl or clay.\"", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100929" + }, + "Scoop [GENEPIO:0002125]": { + "text": "Scoop [GENEPIO:0002125]", + "description": "A shovel-like utensil that has a deep curved dish and a short handle and is used for digging into a soft substance for lifting out a portion.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0002125" + }, + "Soil sample probe [GENEPIO:0100930]": { + "text": "Soil sample probe [GENEPIO:0100930]", + "description": "A specimen collection device designed to penetrate soil with a hollow tube to collect soil sample cores.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100930" + }, + "Spatula [NCIT:C149941]": { + "text": "Spatula [NCIT:C149941]", + "description": "Administration device with a flattened side used for the application of semi-solid pharmaceutical forms.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C149941" + }, + "Sponge [OBI:0002819]": { + "text": "Sponge [OBI:0002819]", + "description": "A sample collection device consisting of a soft flexible, absorbent pad usually made from natural material such as gauze or cotton, used to absorb specimen fluid or particulate matter.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002819" + }, + "Swab [GENEPIO:0100027]": { + "text": "Swab [GENEPIO:0100027]", + "description": "A device which is a soft, absorbent material mounted on one or both ends of a stick.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100027", + "is_a": "Sponge [OBI:0002819]" + }, + "Drag swab [OBI:0002822]": { + "text": "Drag swab [OBI:0002822]", + "description": "A specimen collection device consisting of a specimen pad made of sterile gauze which is aseptically attached to a pole by clips or to a string", + "meaning": "OBI:0002822", + "is_a": "Swab [GENEPIO:0100027]" + }, + "Surface wipe [OBI:0002824]": { + "text": "Surface wipe [OBI:0002824]", + "description": "A sample collection device consisting of a thin, less absorbent sheet, used to collect material from surfaces.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002824", + "is_a": "Swab [GENEPIO:0100027]" + }, + "Tube [GENEPIO:0101196]": { + "text": "Tube [GENEPIO:0101196]", + "description": "A sample collection device which is cylindrical shape that is open at one end, used to collect material.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0101196" + }, + "Vacuum device [GENEPIO:0002127]": { + "text": "Vacuum device [GENEPIO:0002127]", + "description": "A device which generates a vacuum to provide suction of material.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0002127" + }, + "Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032]": { + "text": "Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032]", + "description": "A test tube which is either a sterile glass or plastic tube with a closure that is evacuated to create a vacuum inside the tube facilitating the draw of a predetermined volume of liquid. Most commonly used to draw a blood sample directly from the vein, these also are used to collect urine samples. Vacutainer tube may contain additives designed to stabilize and preserve the specimen prior to analytical testing.", + "meaning": "OBIB:0000032", + "is_a": "Vacuum device [GENEPIO:0002127]" + } + } + }, + "CollectionMethodMenu": { + "name": "CollectionMethodMenu", + "title": "collection_method menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Aspiration [HP:0002835]": { + "text": "Aspiration [HP:0002835]", + "description": "Inspiration of a foreign object into the airway.", + "meaning": "HP:0002835" + }, + "Biopsy [OBI:0002650]": { + "text": "Biopsy [OBI:0002650]", + "description": "A specimen collection that obtains a sample of tissue or cell from a living multicellular organism body for diagnostic purposes by means intended to be minimally invasive.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002650" + }, + "Fecal grab [GENEPIO:0004326]": { + "text": "Fecal grab [GENEPIO:0004326]", + "description": "A fecal specimen collection method in which feces is obtained by inserting the collection device into the anus of the host, or the feces is captured as it is excreted.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004326" + }, + "Filtration [OBI:0302885]": { + "text": "Filtration [OBI:0302885]", + "description": "Filtration is a process which separates components suspended in a fluid based on granularity properties relying on a filter device", + "meaning": "OBI:0302885" + }, + "Air filtration [GENEPIO:0100031]": { + "text": "Air filtration [GENEPIO:0100031]", + "description": "A filtration process which removes solid particulates from the air via an air filtration device.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100031", + "is_a": "Filtration [OBI:0302885]" + }, + "Water filtration [GENEPIO:0100931]": { + "text": "Water filtration [GENEPIO:0100931]", + "description": "A filtration process which removes or reduces the concentration of particulate matter, including suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, viruses, and fungi, as well as other undesirable chemical and biological contaminants from contaminated water using water filters to produce safe and clean water.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100931", + "is_a": "Filtration [OBI:0302885]" + }, + "Lavage [OBI:0600044]": { + "text": "Lavage [OBI:0600044]", + "description": "A protocol application to separate cells and/or cellular secretions from an anatomical space by the introduction and removal of fluid", + "meaning": "OBI:0600044" + }, + "Bronchoalveolar lavage [GENEPIO:0100032]": { + "text": "Bronchoalveolar lavage [GENEPIO:0100032]", + "description": "The collection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) from the lungs.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100032", + "is_a": "Lavage [OBI:0600044]" + }, + "Gastric lavage [GENEPIO:0100033]": { + "text": "Gastric lavage [GENEPIO:0100033]", + "description": "The administration and evacuation of small volumes of liquid through an orogastric tube to remove toxic substances within the stomach.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100033", + "is_a": "Lavage [OBI:0600044]" + }, + "Necropsy [MMO:0000344]": { + "text": "Necropsy [MMO:0000344]", + "description": "A postmortem examination of the body of an animal to determine the cause of death or the character and extent of changes produced by disease.", + "meaning": "MMO:0000344" + }, + "Phlebotomy [NCIT:C28221]": { + "text": "Phlebotomy [NCIT:C28221]", + "description": "The collection of blood from a vein, most commonly via needle venipuncture.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C28221" + }, + "Rinsing for specimen collection [GENEPIO:0002116]": { + "text": "Rinsing for specimen collection [GENEPIO:0002116]", + "description": "The process of removal and collection of specimen material from the surface of an entity by washing, or a similar application of fluids.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0002116" + }, + "Scooping [GENEPIO:0100932]": { + "text": "Scooping [GENEPIO:0100932]", + "description": "A specimen collection process that is used to dig out an amount of sample using a scoop.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100932" + }, + "Sediment collection [GENEPIO:0100933]": { + "text": "Sediment collection [GENEPIO:0100933]", + "description": "A specimen collection process that is used to collect a sediment sample.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100933" + }, + "Soil coring [GENEPIO:0100934]": { + "text": "Soil coring [GENEPIO:0100934]", + "description": "A specimen collection process that is used to collect soil sample cores.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100934" + }, + "Weep fluid collection (pouring) [GENEPIO:0101003]": { + "text": "Weep fluid collection (pouring) [GENEPIO:0101003]", + "description": "A specimen collection process that is used to collect weep fluid via pouring from the source container into the sample collection device. (e.g. bag or tube)", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0101003" + } + } + }, + "HostCommonNameMenu": { + "name": "HostCommonNameMenu", + "title": "host_(common_name) menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Bird [NCBITaxon:8782]": { + "text": "Bird [NCBITaxon:8782]", + "description": "A group of warm-blooded vertebrates in class Aves, that are characterized by feathers, wings, toothless beaked jaws and the laying of hard-shelled eggs and are usually able to fly.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8782" + }, + "Chicken [NCBITaxon:9031]": { + "text": "Chicken [NCBITaxon:9031]", + "description": "A domesticated junglefowl of the species Gallus gallus.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9031", + "is_a": "Bird [NCBITaxon:8782]" + }, + "Seabird [FOODON:00004504]": { + "text": "Seabird [FOODON:00004504]", + "description": "A bird that is adapted to live within the marine environment.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00004504", + "is_a": "Bird [NCBITaxon:8782]" + }, + "Cormorant [NCBITaxon:9206]": { + "text": "Cormorant [NCBITaxon:9206]", + "description": "A family of aquatic birds (Phalacrocoracidae).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9206", + "is_a": "Seabird [FOODON:00004504]" + }, + "Double Crested Cormorant [NCBITaxon:56069]": { + "text": "Double Crested Cormorant [NCBITaxon:56069]", + "description": "A species of the cormorant family of water birds (Phalacrocorax auritus).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:56069", + "is_a": "Cormorant [NCBITaxon:9206]" + }, + "Crane [NCBITaxon:9109]": { + "text": "Crane [NCBITaxon:9109]", + "description": "A family of large, long-legged, and long-necked birds (Gruidae).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9109", + "is_a": "Seabird [FOODON:00004504]" + }, + "Whooping Crane [NCBITaxon:9117]": { + "text": "Whooping Crane [NCBITaxon:9117]", + "description": "An endangered crane species that is native to North America and is named for its whooping sound.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9117", + "is_a": "Crane [NCBITaxon:9109]" + }, + "Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911]": { + "text": "Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911]", + "description": "A large genus of gulls within the family Laridae.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8911", + "is_a": "Seabird [FOODON:00004504]" + }, + "Glaucous-winged Gull [NCBITaxon:119606]": { + "text": "Glaucous-winged Gull [NCBITaxon:119606]", + "description": "A species of large, white-headed gull (Larus glaucescens).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:119606", + "is_a": "Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911]" + }, + "Great Black-backed Gull [NCBITaxon:8912]": { + "text": "Great Black-backed Gull [NCBITaxon:8912]", + "description": "A species of white gull that has a black back and wings (Larus marinus).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8912", + "is_a": "Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911]" + }, + "Herring Gull [NCBITaxon:35669]": { + "text": "Herring Gull [NCBITaxon:35669]", + "description": "A species of large gull, that is up to 66 cm (26 in) long (Larus argentatus).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:35669", + "is_a": "Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911]" + }, + "Ring-billed Gull [NCBITaxon:126683]": { + "text": "Ring-billed Gull [NCBITaxon:126683]", + "description": "A species of ring-billed gull that has a black ring around its bill (Larus delawarensis).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:126683", + "is_a": "Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911]" + }, + "Eider [NCBITaxon:50366]": { + "text": "Eider [NCBITaxon:50366]", + "description": "A genus of large seaducks (Somateria).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:50366", + "is_a": "Seabird [FOODON:00004504]" + }, + "Common Eider [NCBITaxon:76058]": { + "text": "Common Eider [NCBITaxon:76058]", + "description": "A species of a large sea-duck that is distributed over the northern coasts of Europe, North America and eastern Siberia (Somateria mollissima).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:76058", + "is_a": "Eider [NCBITaxon:50366]" + }, + "Turkey [NCBITaxon:9103]": { + "text": "Turkey [NCBITaxon:9103]", + "description": "A large, mainly domesticated game bird characterized by a bald head and wattles (in the male) of the species Meleagris gallopavo.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9103", + "is_a": "Bird [NCBITaxon:8782]" + }, + "Fish [FOODON:03411222]": { + "text": "Fish [FOODON:03411222]", + "description": "Fish are the gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits. Most fish are ectothermic (\"cold-blooded\"), allowing their body temperatures to vary as ambient temperatures change, though some of the large active swimmers like white shark and tuna can hold a higher core temperature.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411222" + }, + "Rainbow Trout [NCBITaxon:8022]": { + "text": "Rainbow Trout [NCBITaxon:8022]", + "description": "A species of trout native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America (Oncorhynchus mykiss).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8022", + "is_a": "Fish [FOODON:03411222]" + }, + "Sablefish [NCBITaxon:229290]": { + "text": "Sablefish [NCBITaxon:229290]", + "description": "One of two members of the fish family Anoplopomatidae and the only species in the genus Anoplopoma.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:229290", + "is_a": "Fish [FOODON:03411222]" + }, + "Salmon [FOODON:00003473]": { + "text": "Salmon [FOODON:00003473]", + "description": "A group of euryhaline ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae, which are native to tributaries of the North Atlantic (genus Salmo) and North Pacific (genus Oncorhynchus) basin.", + "meaning": "FOODON:00003473", + "is_a": "Fish [FOODON:03411222]" + }, + "Atlantic Salmon [NCBITaxon:8030]": { + "text": "Atlantic Salmon [NCBITaxon:8030]", + "description": "A species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae (Salmo salar).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8030", + "is_a": "Salmon [FOODON:00003473]" + }, + "Chinook salmon [NCBITaxon:74940]": { + "text": "Chinook salmon [NCBITaxon:74940]", + "description": "A species of pacific salmon in North America, that is commonly called as coho salmon.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8019", + "is_a": "Salmon [FOODON:00003473]" + }, + "Coho Salmon [NCBITaxon:8019]": { + "text": "Coho Salmon [NCBITaxon:8019]", + "description": "The largest species of pacific salmon in North America (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:74940", + "is_a": "Salmon [FOODON:00003473]" + }, + "Mammal [FOODON:03411134]": { + "text": "Mammal [FOODON:03411134]", + "description": "Mammals (from Latin mamma \"breast\") are vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia, and characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or hair, and three middle ear bones.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411134" + }, + "Companion animal [FOODON:03000300]": { + "text": "Companion animal [FOODON:03000300]", + "description": "An animal that is kept as a companion.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03000300", + "is_a": "Mammal [FOODON:03411134]" + }, + "Cow [NCBITaxon:9913]": { + "text": "Cow [NCBITaxon:9913]", + "description": "A large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivore of the species Bos taurus.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9913", + "is_a": "Mammal [FOODON:03411134]" + }, + "Human [NCBITaxon:9606]": { + "text": "Human [NCBITaxon:9606]", + "description": "A bipedal primate mammal of the species Homo sapiens.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9606", + "is_a": "Mammal [FOODON:03411134]" + }, + "Pig [NCBITaxon:9823]": { + "text": "Pig [NCBITaxon:9823]", + "description": "A stout-bodied, hooved and short-legged, omnivorous mammal from the species Sus scofus, with thick skin usually sparsely coated with short bristles.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9823", + "is_a": "Mammal [FOODON:03411134]" + }, + "Sheep [NCBITaxon:9940]": { + "text": "Sheep [NCBITaxon:9940]", + "description": "A domesticated, even-toed, ungluate, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock for its wool and meat, usually of the species Ovis aries.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9940", + "is_a": "Mammal [FOODON:03411134]" + }, + "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]": { + "text": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]", + "description": "The term shellfish is used both broadly and specifically. For regulatory purposes it is often narrowly defined as filter-feeding molluscs such as clams, mussels, and oyster to the exclusion of crustaceans and all else. Although their shells may differ, all shellfish are invertebrates.", + "meaning": "FOODON:03411433" + }, + "Atlantic Lobster [NCBITaxon:6706]": { + "text": "Atlantic Lobster [NCBITaxon:6706]", + "description": "A species of lobster that is found on the Atlantic coast of North America (Homarus americanus).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:6706", + "is_a": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]" + }, + "Atlantic Oyster [NCBITaxon:6565]": { + "text": "Atlantic Oyster [NCBITaxon:6565]", + "description": "A species of true oyster (Crassostrea virginica).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:6565", + "is_a": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]" + }, + "Blue Mussel [NCBITaxon:6550]": { + "text": "Blue Mussel [NCBITaxon:6550]", + "description": "A medium-sized edible marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mytilidae, the mussels.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:6550", + "is_a": "Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]" + } + } + }, + "HostScientificNameMenu": { + "name": "HostScientificNameMenu", + "title": "host_(scientific_name) menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Anoplopoma fimbria [NCBITaxon:229290]": { + "text": "Anoplopoma fimbria [NCBITaxon:229290]", + "description": "The only species of the fish genus Anoplopoma.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:229290" + }, + "Bos taurus [NCBITaxon:9913]": { + "text": "Bos taurus [NCBITaxon:9913]", + "description": "A large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivore raised for its milk, meat and hide.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9913" + }, + "Crassostrea virginica [NCBITaxon:6565]": { + "text": "Crassostrea virginica [NCBITaxon:6565]", + "description": "A species of true oyster that is commonly called as an eastern oyster.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:6565" + }, + "Gallus gallus [NCBITaxon:9031]": { + "text": "Gallus gallus [NCBITaxon:9031]", + "description": "A domesticated junglefowl raised for its eggs, feathers and meat.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9031" + }, + "Grus americana [NCBITaxon:9117]": { + "text": "Grus americana [NCBITaxon:9117]", + "description": "An endangered crane species that is native to North America and is named for its whooping sound. It is commonly called as a whopping crane.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9117" + }, + "Homarus americanus [NCBITaxon:6706]": { + "text": "Homarus americanus [NCBITaxon:6706]", + "description": "A species of lobster that is found on the Atlantic coast of North America and is commonly called as American lobster.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:6706" + }, + "Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606]": { + "text": "Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606]", + "description": "A type of primate characterized by bipedalism and large, complex brain.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9606" + }, + "Larus argentatus [NCBITaxon:35669]": { + "text": "Larus argentatus [NCBITaxon:35669]", + "description": "A species of large gull, that is up to 66 cm (26 in) long and is commonly called as herring gull.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:35669" + }, + "Larus delawarensis [NCBITaxon:126683]": { + "text": "Larus delawarensis [NCBITaxon:126683]", + "description": "A species of ring-billed gull that has a black ring around its bill and is commonly called as ring-billed gull.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:126683" + }, + "Larus glaucescens [NCBITaxon:119606]": { + "text": "Larus glaucescens [NCBITaxon:119606]", + "description": "A species of large, white-headed gull.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:119606" + }, + "Larus marinus [NCBITaxon:8912]": { + "text": "Larus marinus [NCBITaxon:8912]", + "description": "A species of white gull that has a black back and wings..", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8912" + }, + "Meleagris gallopavo [NCBITaxon:9103]": { + "text": "Meleagris gallopavo [NCBITaxon:9103]", + "description": "A large, mainly domesticated game bird characterized by a bald head and wattles (in the male).", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9103" + }, + "Mytilus edulis [NCBITaxon:6550]": { + "text": "Mytilus edulis [NCBITaxon:6550]", + "description": "A medium-sized edible marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mytilidae, the mussels.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:6550" + }, + "Oncorhynchus kisutch [NCBITaxon:8019]": { + "text": "Oncorhynchus kisutch [NCBITaxon:8019]", + "description": "A species of pacific salmon in North America, that is commonly called as coho salmon.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8019" + }, + "Oncorhynchus mykiss [NCBITaxon:8022]": { + "text": "Oncorhynchus mykiss [NCBITaxon:8022]", + "description": "A species of trout that is native to cold-water tributaries of the pacific ocean in Asia and North America. It is commonly called as rainbow trout.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8022" + }, + "Oncorhynchus tshawytscha [NCBITaxon:74940]": { + "text": "Oncorhynchus tshawytscha [NCBITaxon:74940]", + "description": "The largest species of pacific salmon in North America, that is commonly called as chinook salmon.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:74940" + }, + "Ovis aries [NCBITaxon:9940]": { + "text": "Ovis aries [NCBITaxon:9940]", + "description": "A domesticated, even-toed, ungluate, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock for its wool and meat.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9940" + }, + "Phalacrocorax auritus [NCBITaxon:56069]": { + "text": "Phalacrocorax auritus [NCBITaxon:56069]", + "description": "A species of the cormorant family of water birds that is commonly called as double-crested cormorant.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:56069" + }, + "Salmo salar [NCBITaxon:8030]": { + "text": "Salmo salar [NCBITaxon:8030]", + "description": "A species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae that is commonly called as atlantic salmon.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:8030" + }, + "Somateria mollissima [NCBITaxon:76058]": { + "text": "Somateria mollissima [NCBITaxon:76058]", + "description": "A species of large sea duck that is distributed over the northern coasts of Europe, North America and eastern Siberia. It is also called as common eider.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:76058" + }, + "Sus scrofa domesticus [NCBITaxon:9825]": { + "text": "Sus scrofa domesticus [NCBITaxon:9825]", + "description": "A stout-bodied, hooved and short-legged, omnivorous mammal, with thick skin usually sparsely coated with short bristles raised for its meat.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:9825" + } + } + }, + "HostAgeUnitMenu": { + "name": "HostAgeUnitMenu", + "title": "host_age_unit menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "month [UO:0000035]": { + "text": "month [UO:0000035]", + "description": "A time unit which is approximately equal to the length of time of one of cycle of the moon's phases which in science is taken to be equal to 30 days.", + "meaning": "UO:0000035" + }, + "year [UO:0000036]": { + "text": "year [UO:0000036]", + "description": "A time unit which is equal to 12 months which in science is taken to be equal to 365.25 days.", + "meaning": "UO:0000036" + } + } + }, + "HostGenderInternationalMenu": { + "name": "HostGenderInternationalMenu", + "title": "host_gender_international menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Female [NCIT:C46110]": { + "text": "Female [NCIT:C46110]", + "description": "An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role distinction of female.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C46110" + }, + "Male [NCIT:C46109]": { + "text": "Male [NCIT:C46109]", + "description": "An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role distinction of male.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C46109" + }, + "Non-binary gender [GSSO:000132]": { + "text": "Non-binary gender [GSSO:000132]", + "description": "Either, a specific gender identity which is not male or female; or, more broadly, an umbrella term for gender identities not considered male or female.", + "meaning": "GSSO:000132" + }, + "Transgender (assigned male at birth) [GSSO:004004]": { + "text": "Transgender (assigned male at birth) [GSSO:004004]", + "description": "Having a feminine gender (identity) which is different from the sex one was assigned at birth.", + "meaning": "GSSO:004004" + }, + "Transgender (assigned female at birth) [GSSO:004005]": { + "text": "Transgender (assigned female at birth) [GSSO:004005]", + "description": "Having a masculine gender (identity) which is different from the sex one was assigned at birth.", + "meaning": "GSSO:004005" + }, + "Undeclared [NCIT:C110959]": { + "text": "Undeclared [NCIT:C110959]", + "description": "A categorical choice recorded when an individual being interviewed is unable or chooses not to provide a datum.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C110959" + } + } + }, + "OrganismMenu": { + "name": "OrganismMenu", + "title": "organism menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469]": { + "text": "Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469]", + "description": "A Moraxellaceae genus of gram-negative bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. Acinetobacter species are oxidase-negative, exhibit twitching motility,and occur in pairs under magnification. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acinetobacter]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:469" + }, + "Acinetobacter baumannii [NCBITaxon:470]": { + "text": "Acinetobacter baumannii [NCBITaxon:470]", + "description": "An Acinetobacter species which is typically short, almost round, rod-shaped (coccobacillus) Gram-negative bacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acinetobacter_baumannii]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:470", + "is_a": "Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469]" + }, + "Acinetobacter bereziniae [NCBITaxon:106648]": { + "text": "Acinetobacter bereziniae [NCBITaxon:106648]", + "description": "An Acinetobacter species.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:106648", + "is_a": "Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469]" + }, + "Acinetobacter ursingii [NCBITaxon:108980]": { + "text": "Acinetobacter ursingii [NCBITaxon:108980]", + "description": "An Acinetobacter species.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:108980", + "is_a": "Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469]" + }, + "Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642]": { + "text": "Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642]", + "description": "An Aeromonadaceae genus of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that morphologically resemble members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:642" + }, + "Aeromonas allosaccharophila [NCBITaxon:656]": { + "text": "Aeromonas allosaccharophila [NCBITaxon:656]", + "description": "An Aeromonas species which is a Gram-negative, catalase-positive, motile bacterium from the genus Aeromonas which was isolated from ill elvers (Anguilla anguilla) in Valencia, Spain. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_allosaccharophila]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:656", + "is_a": "Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642]" + }, + "Aeromonas hydrophila [NCBITaxon:644]": { + "text": "Aeromonas hydrophila [NCBITaxon:644]", + "description": "An Aeromonas species which is a heterotrophic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium mainly found in areas with a warm climate. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_hydrophila]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:644", + "is_a": "Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642]" + }, + "Aeromonas rivipollensis [NCBITaxon:948519]": { + "text": "Aeromonas rivipollensis [NCBITaxon:948519]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria assigned to the genus Aeromonas. This bacteria is motile and has been isolated from river sediments from the Ter River in Spain. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_rivipollensis]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:948519", + "is_a": "Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642]" + }, + "Aeromonas salmonicida [NCBITaxon:645]": { + "text": "Aeromonas salmonicida [NCBITaxon:645]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This bacteria is non motile, capable of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, ferments glucose and is generally oxidase positive. A. solmonicida is found in freshwater and marine environments and causes furunculosis in fish and bald sea urchin disease. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C861288]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:645", + "is_a": "Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642]" + }, + "Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194]": { + "text": "Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194]", + "description": "A genus of gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral bacteria. They are motile, with either uni- or bi-polar flagella and are oxidase-positive. Several species of Campylobacter have been implicated in human disease. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76211]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:194" + }, + "Campylobacter coli [NCBITaxon:195]": { + "text": "Campylobacter coli [NCBITaxon:195]", + "description": "A species of microaerophilic, Gram-negative, curved or spiral bacilli assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile with a single flagellum at each pole, non-spore forming, oxidase positive, and does not hydrolyze hippurate. C. coli is commensal in pigs, associated with indigenously acquired food borne disease, and recognized as the second most common pathogen for human campylobacteriosis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86230]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:195", + "is_a": "Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194]" + }, + "Campylobacter jejuni [NCBITaxon:197]": { + "text": "Campylobacter jejuni [NCBITaxon:197]", + "description": "A Campylobacter species which is a helical-shaped, non-spore-forming, Gram-negative, microaerophilic, nonfermenting motile bacterium with a single flagellum at one or both poles, which are also oxidase-positive, grow optimally at 37 to 42 °C, and is among the most common causes of bacterial infections in humans worldwide. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacter_jejuni]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:197", + "is_a": "Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194]" + }, + "Campylobacter lari [NCBITaxon:201]": { + "text": "Campylobacter lari [NCBITaxon:201]", + "description": "A species of microaerophilic, Gram-negative, curved or spiral bacilli assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile using a single flagellum at each pole, non-spore forming, oxidase positive, catalase positive, reduces nitrate, produces hydrogen sulfide, and does not hydrolyze hippurate nor ferment glucose. C. lari is associated in recurrent gastroenteritis in children, causes septicemia and enteritis in immunodeficient patients and is commensal in healthy seagulls, birds, mussels and oysters. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86236]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:201", + "is_a": "Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194]" + }, + "Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544]": { + "text": "Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544]", + "description": "An Enterobacteriaceae genus which is a Gram-negative coliform bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:544" + }, + "Citrobacter braakii [NCBITaxon:57706]": { + "text": "Citrobacter braakii [NCBITaxon:57706]", + "description": "A Citrobacter species which is a Gram-negative species of bacteria. It has been reported to cause sepsis in an immunocompromised person. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_braakii]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:57706", + "is_a": "Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544]" + }, + "Citrobacter freundii [NCBITaxon:546]": { + "text": "Citrobacter freundii [NCBITaxon:546]", + "description": "A Citrobacter species which is a Gram-negative species of bacteria. They have a rod shape with a typical length of 1–5 μm, most have several locomotive flagella, and is a soil-dwelling microorganism but can also be found in other environments (water, sewage, food, and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans). [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_freundii]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:546", + "is_a": "Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544]" + }, + "Citrobacter gillenii [NCBITaxon:67828]": { + "text": "Citrobacter gillenii [NCBITaxon:67828]", + "description": "A species of Gram-negative bacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_gillenii]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:67828", + "is_a": "Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544]" + }, + "Clostridioides [NCBITaxon:1870884]": { + "text": "Clostridioides [NCBITaxon:1870884]", + "description": "A genus of gram-positive bacteria.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1870884" + }, + "Clostridioides difficile [NCBITaxon:1496]": { + "text": "Clostridioides difficile [NCBITaxon:1496]", + "description": "A species of Clostridium that is the most significant cause of pseudomembranous colitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76276]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1496", + "is_a": "Clostridioides [NCBITaxon:1870884]" + }, + "Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485]": { + "text": "Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485]", + "description": "A genus of gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacteria in the Firmicutes phylum capable of producing endospores. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76275]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1485" + }, + "Clostridium perfringens [NCBITaxon:1502]": { + "text": "Clostridium perfringens [NCBITaxon:1502]", + "description": "A species of anaerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, hydrolyzes gelatin, produces enterotoxin, is beta-hemolytic and catalase negative. C. perfringens is a food borne pathogen, being the causative agent of pig-bel syndrome and gas gangrene. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86288]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1502", + "is_a": "Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485]" + }, + "Clostridium sporogenes [NCBITaxon:1509]": { + "text": "Clostridium sporogenes [NCBITaxon:1509]", + "description": "A species of anaerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Firmicutes. This species is proteolytic, does not produce botulinum toxin, is beta-hemolytic and positive for indole. C. sporogenes is pathogenic and culture is associated with a foul odor. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86294]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1509", + "is_a": "Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485]" + }, + "Comamonas [NCBITaxon:283]": { + "text": "Comamonas [NCBITaxon:283]", + "description": "A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Comamonadaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86303]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:283" + }, + "Comamonas aquatica [NCBITaxon:225991]": { + "text": "Comamonas aquatica [NCBITaxon:225991]", + "description": "Comamonas species which is is Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-negative, and is a motile bacterium with multitrichous polar flagella. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comamonas_aquatica]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:225991", + "is_a": "Comamonas [NCBITaxon:283]" + }, + "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]": { + "text": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]", + "description": "An Enterobacteriaceae genus which is a common Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria of the order Enterobacterales. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:547" + }, + "Enterobacter asburiae [NCBITaxon:61645]": { + "text": "Enterobacter asburiae [NCBITaxon:61645]", + "description": "An Enterobacteriaceae cloacae complex subspecies.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:61645", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Enterobacter cancerogenus [NCBITaxon:69218]": { + "text": "Enterobacter cancerogenus [NCBITaxon:69218]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile by peritrichous flagella, catalase positive, reduces nitrate, hydrolyzes esculin, oxidase, indole and urease negative and not susceptible to erythromycin and penicillin. E. cancerogenus was isolated from the tree Populus canadensis and is known to cause infection in cases of severe trauma. [ NCI ]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:69218", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Enterobacter cloacae [NCBITaxon:550]": { + "text": "Enterobacter cloacae [NCBITaxon:550]", + "description": "An Enterobacteriaceae species which is gram-negative, facultatively-anaerobic, and rod-shaped. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter_cloacae]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:550", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Enterobacter hormaechei [NCBITaxon:158836]": { + "text": "Enterobacter hormaechei [NCBITaxon:158836]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, indole negative, does not hydrolyze gelatin, reduces nitrate and produces acid from mucate. E. hormachei is an opportunistic pathogen, causing nosocomial infections. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86362]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:158836", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Enterobacter kobei [NCBITaxon:208224]": { + "text": "Enterobacter kobei [NCBITaxon:208224]", + "description": "An Enterobacteriaceae cloacae complex subspecies which is Gram-negative, motile rods conforming to the definition of the family Enterobacteriaceae, proposed for a group of organisms referred to as NIH Group 21 at the National Institute of Health, Tokyo. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s002849900110]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:208224", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Enterobacter roggenkampii [NCBITaxon:1812935]": { + "text": "Enterobacter roggenkampii [NCBITaxon:1812935]", + "description": "An Enterobacter species which is a nitrogen fixing plant growth promoting endophytic bacterium with biocontrol and stress tolerance properties, isolated from sugarcane root [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.580081/full].", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1812935", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Enterobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:42895]": { + "text": "Enterobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:42895]", + "description": "An unclassified Enterobacter species.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:42895", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Lelliottia amnigena [NCBITaxon:61646]": { + "text": "Lelliottia amnigena [NCBITaxon:61646]", + "description": "An Enterobacteriaceae species which is also known as Enterobacter amnigenus.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:61646", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Pluralibacter gergoviae [NCBITaxon:61647]": { + "text": "Pluralibacter gergoviae [NCBITaxon:61647]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, indole negative, hydrolyzes esculin, oxidase negative, reduces nitrate and does not grow in culture in the presence of potassium cyanide. E. gergoviae is a common nosocomial pathogen, causing urinary tract infections. [NCIT:C86361]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:61647", + "is_a": "Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]" + }, + "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]": { + "text": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]", + "description": "A Bacillota genus which contains many kinds of Gram-positive lactic acid cocci bacteria that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short chains, and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics alone.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1350" + }, + "Enterococcus asini [NCBITaxon:57732]": { + "text": "Enterococcus asini [NCBITaxon:57732]", + "description": "An Enterococcus species.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:57732", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus avium [NCBITaxon:33945]": { + "text": "Enterococcus avium [NCBITaxon:33945]", + "description": "An Enterococcus species which is most commonly found in birds.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:33945", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus caccae [NCBITaxon:317735]": { + "text": "Enterococcus caccae [NCBITaxon:317735]", + "description": "An Enterococcus species.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:317735", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus canis [NCBITaxon:214095]": { + "text": "Enterococcus canis [NCBITaxon:214095]", + "description": "An Enterococcus species.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:214095", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus casseliflavus [NCBITaxon:37734]": { + "text": "Enterococcus casseliflavus [NCBITaxon:37734]", + "description": "An Enteroccocus species which is a Gram positive, catalase- and oxidase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile ovoid cocci occurring in single, pairs or short chains. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/enterococcus-casseliflavus]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:37734", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus cecorum [NCBITaxon:44008]": { + "text": "Enterococcus cecorum [NCBITaxon:44008]", + "description": "An Enterococcus species.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:44008", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus dispar [NCBITaxon:44009]": { + "text": "Enterococcus dispar [NCBITaxon:44009]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, and hydrolyzes esculin. E. dispar has been isolated from human specimens. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86366]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:44009", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus durans [NCBITaxon:53345]": { + "text": "Enterococcus durans [NCBITaxon:53345]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is non-motile, ferments melibiose, does not ferment arabinose or citrate, does not reduce tetrazolium and is a lactic acid bacteria. E. durans is pathogenic in chickens but is rarely shown to be pathogenic in humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86367]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:53345", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus faecium [NCBITaxon:1352]": { + "text": "Enterococcus faecium [NCBITaxon:1352]", + "description": "An Enterococcus species which is a Gram-positive, gamma-hemolytic or non-hemolytic bacterium that can act as a pathogen or commensal in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1352", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus faecalis [NCBITaxon:1351]": { + "text": "Enterococcus faecalis [NCBITaxon:1351]", + "description": "An Enterococcus species which is a Gram-positive, commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans. E. faecalis is found in healthy humans and can be used as a probiotic, but can also cause a variety of nosocomial infections of which urinary tract infections are the most common.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1351", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus gallinarum [NCBITaxon:1353]": { + "text": "Enterococcus gallinarum [NCBITaxon:1353]", + "description": "An Enteroccocus species which is a Gram positive, catalase- and oxidase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile ovoid cocci occurring in single, pairs or short chains. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/enterococcus-casseliflavus]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1353", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus hirae [NCBITaxon:1354]": { + "text": "Enterococcus hirae [NCBITaxon:1354]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, and hydrolyzes esculin but not hippurate. E. hirae was isolated from chicken and pig intestines and though rare, is pathogenic in humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86371]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1354", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus malodoratus [NCBITaxon:71451]": { + "text": "Enterococcus malodoratus [NCBITaxon:71451]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, produces hydrogen sulfide, and hydrolyzes esculin, but not hippurate. E. malodoratus has been isolated from Gouda cheese. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86372]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:71451", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus mundtii [NCBITaxon:53346]": { + "text": "Enterococcus mundtii [NCBITaxon:53346]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, hydrolyzes esculin, but not hippurate. E. mundtii has been isolated from cow teats, plants and soil, and though rare is pathogenic in humans causing enophthalmitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86373]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:53346", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus ratti [NCBITaxon:150033]": { + "text": "Enterococcus ratti [NCBITaxon:150033]", + "description": "An Enterococcus species.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:150033", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus saccharolyticus [NCBITaxon:41997]": { + "text": "Enterococcus saccharolyticus [NCBITaxon:41997]", + "description": "A species of Gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, fermentative, non-motile, coccus-shaped bacteria in the family Enterococcaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C122301]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:41997", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus thailandicus [NCBITaxon:417368]": { + "text": "Enterococcus thailandicus [NCBITaxon:417368]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, spherical or ovoid shaped bacteria arranged in pairs or chains, in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, hydrolyzes arginine and esculin, but not starch or gelatin, weakly positive for blood hemolysis, does not reduce nitrate, and ferments glucose. E. thailandicus has been isolated from fermented sausages produced in Thailand and is not yet known to be pathogenic to humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C114243]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:417368", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Enterococcus villorum [NCBITaxon:112904]": { + "text": "Enterococcus villorum [NCBITaxon:112904]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, spherical or ovoid shaped bacteria in the genus Enterococcus.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:112904", + "is_a": "Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]" + }, + "Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561]": { + "text": "Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561]", + "description": "An Enterobacteriaceae genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:561" + }, + "Escherichia coli [NCBITaxon:562]": { + "text": "Escherichia coli [NCBITaxon:562]", + "description": "An Escherichia species which is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:562", + "is_a": "Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561]" + }, + "Escherichia fergusonii [NCBITaxon:564]": { + "text": "Escherichia fergusonii [NCBITaxon:564]", + "description": "A species of Escherichia is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped species of bacterium.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:564", + "is_a": "Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561]" + }, + "Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986]": { + "text": "Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986]", + "description": "A genus of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Firmicutes and the family Bacillales XII.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86885]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:33986" + }, + "Exiguobacterium oxidotolerans [NCBITaxon:223958]": { + "text": "Exiguobacterium oxidotolerans [NCBITaxon:223958]", + "description": "A species of Gram positive, alkaliphilic, facultative anaerobic and motile bacteria assigned to the genus Exiguobacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exiguobacterium_oxidotolerans]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:223958", + "is_a": "Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986]" + }, + "Exiguobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:44751]": { + "text": "Exiguobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:44751]", + "description": "A species of the genus Exiguobacterium.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:44751", + "is_a": "Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986]" + }, + "Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]": { + "text": "Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]", + "description": "A genus of Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria that have a polysaccharide-based capsule and are oxidase negative. Klebsiella spp. are frequent human pathogens. [NCIT:C28165]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:570" + }, + "Klebsiella aerogenes [NCBITaxon:548]": { + "text": "Klebsiella aerogenes [NCBITaxon:548]", + "description": "A species of Klebsiella which is a Gram-negative, oxidase negative, catalase positive, citrate positive, indole negative, rod-shaped bacterium", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:548", + "is_a": "Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]" + }, + "Klebsiella michiganensis [NCBITaxon:1134687]": { + "text": "Klebsiella michiganensis [NCBITaxon:1134687]", + "description": "A species of Klebsiella.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1134687", + "is_a": "Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]" + }, + "Klebsiella oxytoca [NCBITaxon:571]": { + "text": "Klebsiella oxytoca [NCBITaxon:571]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, oxidase negative and indole positive. K. oxytoca is pathogenic, causing urinary tract infections, and is one of the major causes of neonatal bacteremia and septicemia. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86455]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:571", + "is_a": "Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]" + }, + "Klebsiella pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:573]": { + "text": "Klebsiella pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:573]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, oxidase negative, and produces acid from glucose, mannitol, rhamnose, arabinose and amygdalin. K. ozaenae is pathogenic and a causative agent of ozena/atrophic rhinitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86457]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:573", + "is_a": "Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]" + }, + "Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:72407]": { + "text": "Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:72407]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, oxidase negative, and produces acid from glucose, mannitol, rhamnose, arabinose and amygdalin. K. ozaenae is pathogenic and a causative agent of ozena/atrophic rhinitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86457]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:72407", + "is_a": "Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]" + }, + "Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae [NCBITaxon:574]": { + "text": "Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae [NCBITaxon:574]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, oxidase and indole negative, encapsulated and lactose fermenting. K. pneumoniae is part of the normal flora of the mouth, intestines, and skin but may become pathogenic; it is the causative agent of Klebsiella pneumonia in immunocompromised, diabetic, and alcoholic patients. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86456]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:574", + "is_a": "Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]" + }, + "Kluyvera [NCBITaxon:579]": { + "text": "Kluyvera [NCBITaxon:579]", + "description": "A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86461]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:579" + }, + "Kluyvera intermedia [NCBITaxon:61648]": { + "text": "Kluyvera intermedia [NCBITaxon:61648]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile by peritrichous flagella, catalase positive, oxidase and indole negative, and ferments sucrose, dulcitol and amygdalin. K. intermedia is commonly found in surface water and may be an opportunistic pathogen. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86465]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:61648", + "is_a": "Kluyvera [NCBITaxon:579]" + }, + "Kosakonia [NCBITaxon:1330547]": { + "text": "Kosakonia [NCBITaxon:1330547]", + "description": "A genus of the Enterobacteria complex which associated to plant growth-promoting bacteria. [https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823414-3.00012-5]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1330547" + }, + "Kosakonia cowanii [NCBITaxon:208223]": { + "text": "Kosakonia cowanii [NCBITaxon:208223]", + "description": "A species of the genus Kosakonia which is a Gram-negative, motile, facultatively-anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, formerly known as Enterobacter cowanii. [https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-020-05084-6]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:208223", + "is_a": "Kosakonia [NCBITaxon:1330547]" + }, + "Leclercia [NCBITaxon:83654]": { + "text": "Leclercia [NCBITaxon:83654]", + "description": "A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86486]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:83654" + }, + "Leclercia adecarboxylata [NCBITaxon:83655]": { + "text": "Leclercia adecarboxylata [NCBITaxon:83655]", + "description": "A species of the genus Leclercia which is a gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7286590/#:~:text=Leclercia%20adecarboxylata%20is%20a%20gram,or%20contact%20with%20aquatic%20environment.]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:83655", + "is_a": "Leclercia [NCBITaxon:83654]" + }, + "Listeria [NCBITaxon:1637]": { + "text": "Listeria [NCBITaxon:1637]", + "description": "A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76359]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1637" + }, + "Listeria monocytogenes [NCBITaxon:1639]": { + "text": "Listeria monocytogenes [NCBITaxon:1639]", + "description": "A species of the genus Listeria which is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacterium in the phylum Bacillota. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria_monocytogenes]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1639", + "is_a": "Listeria [NCBITaxon:1637]" + }, + "Ochrobactrum [NCBITaxon:528]": { + "text": "Ochrobactrum [NCBITaxon:528]", + "description": "A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Brucellaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86619]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:528" + }, + "Ochrobactrum sp. [NCBITaxon:42190]": { + "text": "Ochrobactrum sp. [NCBITaxon:42190]", + "description": "A species of the Ochrobacterium genus.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:42190", + "is_a": "Ochrobactrum [NCBITaxon:528]" + }, + "Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335]": { + "text": "Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335]", + "description": "A genus of Gram-negative bacteria of the family Erwiniaceae, which is motile, yellow pigmented, ferments lactose, are motile, and form mucoid colonies. This genus includes at least 20 species and recently separated from the genus Enterobacter. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantoea]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:53335" + }, + "Pantoea ananatis [NCBITaxon:553]": { + "text": "Pantoea ananatis [NCBITaxon:553]", + "description": "A species of the genus Pantoea that is facultatively anaerobic. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/pantoea-ananatis]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:553", + "is_a": "Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335]" + }, + "Pantoea sp. [NCBITaxon:69393]": { + "text": "Pantoea sp. [NCBITaxon:69393]", + "description": "A species of the genus Pantoea.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:69393", + "is_a": "Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335]" + }, + "Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657]": { + "text": "Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657]", + "description": "A genus of facultatively anaerobic gram negative rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Vibrionaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C866466]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:657" + }, + "Photobacterium indicum [NCBITaxon:81447]": { + "text": "Photobacterium indicum [NCBITaxon:81447]", + "description": "A mesophilic, motile bacterium of the genus Photobacterium that was isolated from marine mud.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:81447", + "is_a": "Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657]" + }, + "Photobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:660]": { + "text": "Photobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:660]", + "description": "A species of the genus Pseudomonas.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:660", + "is_a": "Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657]" + }, + "Providencia [NCBITaxon:586]": { + "text": "Providencia [NCBITaxon:586]", + "description": "A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86690]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:586" + }, + "Providencia rettgeri [NCBITaxon:587]": { + "text": "Providencia rettgeri [NCBITaxon:587]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, indole, citrate, and urease positive. P. rettgeri is an opportunistic pathogen associated with nosocomial outbreaks, bacteremia, skin infections, and traveler's diarrhea. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86693]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:587", + "is_a": "Providencia [NCBITaxon:586]" + }, + "Pseudoalteromonas [NCBITaxon:53246]": { + "text": "Pseudoalteromonas [NCBITaxon:53246]", + "description": "A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Pseudomonadota [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoalteromonas | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0021851]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:53246" + }, + "Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis [NCBITaxon:43659]": { + "text": "Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis [NCBITaxon:43659]", + "description": "A species of marine bacteria assigned to the genus Pseudoalteromonas. This species is isolated from the surface slime of the puffer fish. It secretes the neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoalteromonas_tetraodonis]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:43659", + "is_a": "Pseudoalteromonas [NCBITaxon:53246]" + }, + "Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286]": { + "text": "Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286]", + "description": "A genus of the family Pseudomonadaceae which is a Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:286" + }, + "Pseudomonas aeruginosa [NCBITaxon:287]": { + "text": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa [NCBITaxon:287]", + "description": "A species of the genus Pseudomonas which is a facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:287", + "is_a": "Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286]" + }, + "Pseudomonas fluorescens [NCBITaxon:294]": { + "text": "Pseudomonas fluorescens [NCBITaxon:294]", + "description": "A species of the genus Pseudomonas which is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_fluorescens]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:294", + "is_a": "Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286]" + }, + "Pseudomonas soli [NCBITaxon:1306993]": { + "text": "Pseudomonas soli [NCBITaxon:1306993]", + "description": "A species of the genus Pseudomonas.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1306993", + "is_a": "Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286]" + }, + "Pseudomonas sp. [NCBITaxon:306]": { + "text": "Pseudomonas sp. [NCBITaxon:306]", + "description": "A species of the genus Pseudomonas.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:306", + "is_a": "Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286]" + }, + "Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497]": { + "text": "Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497]", + "description": "A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Moraxellaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C867077]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:497" + }, + "Psychrobacter faecalis [NCBITaxon:180588]": { + "text": "Psychrobacter faecalis [NCBITaxon:180588]", + "description": "A species of Gram-negative, and oxidase-negative bacteria assigned to the genus Psychrobacter.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:180588", + "is_a": "Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497]" + }, + "Psychrobacter nivimaris [NCBITaxon:281738]": { + "text": "Psychrobacter nivimaris [NCBITaxon:281738]", + "description": "Psychrobacter nivimaris is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, aerobic, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from the Southern Ocean", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:281738", + "is_a": "Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497]" + }, + "Psychrobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:56811]": { + "text": "Psychrobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:56811]", + "description": "A species of the genus Psychrobacter.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:56811", + "is_a": "Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497]" + }, + "Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037]": { + "text": "Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037]", + "description": "A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86710]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:34037" + }, + "Rahnella aquatilis [NCBITaxon:34038]": { + "text": "Rahnella aquatilis [NCBITaxon:34038]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria in the phylum Fusobacteria. This species is weakly positive for phenylalanine deaminase. R. aquatilis is pathogenic in immunocompromised patients. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86711]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:34038", + "is_a": "Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037]" + }, + "Rahnella sp. [NCBITaxon:1873497]": { + "text": "Rahnella sp. [NCBITaxon:1873497]", + "description": "A species of the genus Rahnella.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1873497", + "is_a": "Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037]" + }, + "Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674]": { + "text": "Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674]", + "description": "A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86714]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:160674" + }, + "Raoultella ornithinolytica [NCBITaxon:54291]": { + "text": "Raoultella ornithinolytica [NCBITaxon:54291]", + "description": "A species of the genus Raoultella which is an encapsulated Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, aerobic, non-motile rod bacteria that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:54291", + "is_a": "Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674]" + }, + "Raoultella planticola [NCBITaxon:575]": { + "text": "Raoultella planticola [NCBITaxon:575]", + "description": "A species of Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species can deaminate tryptophan, is able to grow at 10 degrees Celsius and uses sorbose as a carbon source. R. planticola is a pathogen that can cause pancreatitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86716]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:575", + "is_a": "Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674]" + }, + "Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901]": { + "text": "Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901]", + "description": "A species of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is oxidase and urease negative, catalase positive, reduces nitrate to nitrite, ferments glucose, and grows well on media containing peptone or meat extract. S. enterica is a causative agent of salmonellosis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86731]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:28901" + }, + "Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201]": { + "text": "Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201]", + "description": "A subspecies of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the species Salmonella enterica. This subspecies does not produce acid from lactose, salicin, or galacturonate, will not hydrolyze gelatin, and exhibits no growth in the presence of KCN. S. enterica subsp. enterica is the causative agent of various types of salmonellosis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86913]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:59201", + "is_a": "Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901]" + }, + "Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae [NCBITaxon:59203]": { + "text": "Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae [NCBITaxon:59203]", + "description": "A subspecies of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the species Salmonella enterica. S. enterica subsp. arizonae is an inhabitant of the gut of reptiles and is pathogenic in humans, although is rarely isolated from clinical specimens. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86910]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:59203", + "is_a": "Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901]" + }, + "Serratia [NCBITaxon:613]": { + "text": "Serratia [NCBITaxon:613]", + "description": "A genus of small motile peritrichous bacteria in the Enterobacteriacaea family consisting of Gram-negative rods. [NCIT:C86010]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:613" + }, + "Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22]": { + "text": "Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22]", + "description": "A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Shewanellaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C867422]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:22" + }, + "Shewanella pealeana [NCBITaxon:70864]": { + "text": "Shewanella pealeana [NCBITaxon:70864]", + "description": "A species of Gram-negative, mesophilic, facultatively anaerobic, psychrotolerant, motile and rod-shaped bacteria that are assigned to the genus Shewanella. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-49-4-13411]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:2726434", + "is_a": "Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22]" + }, + "Shewanella putrefaciens [NCBITaxon:24]": { + "text": "Shewanella putrefaciens [NCBITaxon:24]", + "description": "A species of Gram-negative, mesophilic, facultatively anaerobic, psychrotolerant, motile and rod-shaped bacteria that are assigned to the genus Shewanella. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-49-4-13411]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:70864", + "is_a": "Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22]" + }, + "Shewanella oncorhynchi [NCBITaxon:2726434]": { + "text": "Shewanella oncorhynchi [NCBITaxon:2726434]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species can reduce metals including iron, manganese and uranium to produce energy. S. putrefaciens is found in marine environments and is a pathogen that can cause bacteremia, biliary tract infection, peritonitis, empyema, and various skin and soft tissue infections. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86743]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:24", + "is_a": "Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22]" + }, + "Shewanella sp. [NCBITaxon:50422]": { + "text": "Shewanella sp. [NCBITaxon:50422]", + "description": "A species of the genus Shewanella.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:50422", + "is_a": "Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22]" + }, + "Staphylococcus [NCBITaxon:1279]": { + "text": "Staphylococcus [NCBITaxon:1279]", + "description": "A genus of nonmotile, nonspore-forming, aerobic to facultatively anaerobic bacteria containing Gram-positive, spherical cells, 0.5-1.5 microns in diameter, which divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Coagulase-positive strains produce a variety of toxins and are therefore potentially pathogenic and may cause food poisoning. They are found on the skin, in skin glands, on the nasal and other mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals, and in various food products. The type species is Staphylococcus aureus [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C62583]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1279" + }, + "Staphylococcus aureus [NCBITaxon:1280]": { + "text": "Staphylococcus aureus [NCBITaxon:1280]", + "description": "A common bacterial species found especially on nasal mucous membrane and skin (hair follicles); bacterial species that produces exotoxins including those that cause toxic shock syndrome, with resulting skin rash, and renal, hepatic, and central nervous system disease, and an enterotoxin associated with food poisoning; it causes furunculosis, cellulitis, pyemia, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, suppuration of wounds, other infections; also a cause of infection in burn patients; humans are the chief reservoir. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C50921]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1280", + "is_a": "Staphylococcus [NCBITaxon:1279]" + }, + "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]": { + "text": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]", + "description": "A genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes and the lactic acid bacteria group. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76383]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1301" + }, + "Streptococcus alactolyticus [NCBITaxon:29389]": { + "text": "Streptococcus alactolyticus [NCBITaxon:29389]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for urease, alpha hemolysis, esculin hydrolysis and Lancefield group D and negative for gelatinase, caseinase, catalase, arginine deamination and growth in 6.5% NaCl. It can ferment glucose, cellobiose, fructose, galactose, maltose, mannose, salicin and sucrose but not arabinose, mannitol, lactose, glycerol, raffinose, ribose, sorbitol, trehalose or xylose. S. alactolyticus is found in the intestinal tract of pigs, is a cause of zoonotic infections and has rarely been isolated from human clinical specimen. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86781]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:29389", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Streptococcus bovis [NCBITaxon:1335]": { + "text": "Streptococcus bovis [NCBITaxon:1335]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for arginine deamination and negative for catalase, oxidase, hemolysis, growth in 6.5% NaCl and urease. It can ferment raffinose but not arabinose, mannitol, lactose or glycerol. S. bovis is found in the alimentary tract of ruminants and is a human pathogen that can cause bacteremia, sepsis or endocarditis.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86784]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1335", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Streptococcus equinus [NCBITaxon:1335]": { + "text": "Streptococcus equinus [NCBITaxon:1335]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for Lancefield group D and esculin hydrolysis and negative for catalase, arginine deaminase, growth in 6.5% NaCl and pyrrolidonylarylamidase. It can ferment trehalose but not mannitol, melibiose or sorbitol. S. equinus is commensal in many animals and can be a human pathogen that causes a variety of opportunistic infections.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86790]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1335", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Streptococcus gallolyticus [NCBITaxon:315405]": { + "text": "Streptococcus gallolyticus [NCBITaxon:315405]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for gallate degradation, esculin hydrolysis and Lancefield group D and negative for catalase, hemolysis, growth in 6.5% NaCl and pyrrolidonylarylamidase. It can ferment cellobiose, fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannose, melibiose and trehalose but not ribose or sorbitol. S. gallolyticus is commensal in the human alimentary tract and is a pathogen that can cause septicemia and endocarditis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86791]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:315405", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Streptococcus infantarius [NCBITaxon:102684]": { + "text": "Streptococcus infantarius [NCBITaxon:102684]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for esculin hydrolysis, alpha galactosidase and Lancefield group D and negative for catalase, arginine deaminase, growth in 6.5% NaCl, pyrrolidonylarylamidase and urease. It can ferment melibiose, lactose and sucrose but not mannitol, sorbitol, inulin or trehalose. S infantarius has been isolated from infants and is a human pathogen that can cause hepatobiliary bacteremia. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86793]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:102684", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Streptococcus lutetiensis [NCBITaxon:150055]": { + "text": "Streptococcus lutetiensis [NCBITaxon:150055]", + "description": "A species of Gram-positive, non-sporulating, non-motile coccus-shaped bacteria in the order Lactobacillales. S.lutetiensis is positive for alpha-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase and negative for catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, beta-glactosidase, and beta-glucuronidase. The species has been isolated from human cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and stool.. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C124409]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:150055", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Streptococcus macedonicus [NCBITaxon:59310]": { + "text": "Streptococcus macedonicus [NCBITaxon:59310]", + "description": "A species among the Streptococcus thermophilus-like micro-organisms that belong to the S. bovis/S. equinus complex. It was first isolated from naturally fermented Greek Kasseri cheese and possesses a food-grade and non-pathogenic status.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:59310", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Streptococcus pasteurianus [NCBITaxon:197614]": { + "text": "Streptococcus pasteurianus [NCBITaxon:197614]", + "description": "A species of Streptococcus that is a member of Group D streptococci and was formerly known as S. bovis biotype II/2.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:197614", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Streptococcus suis [NCBITaxon:1307]": { + "text": "Streptococcus suis [NCBITaxon:1307]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is beta glucuronidase and arginine deaminase positive, hydrolyzes esculin, alpha hemolytic, Lancefield groups R, S, and T positive, catalase and pyrrolidonylarylamidase negative and does not grow in 6.5% NaCl. It can ferment sucrose, lactose, glucose, galactose, maltose, salicin, trehalose, and inulin but not arabinose, mannitol, melibiose, ribose, or sorbitol. S. suis is found in pigs where it can cause cervical abscesses. Contact of infected pigs by humans can result in meningitis, septicemia, endocarditis, and deafness. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86807]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:1307", + "is_a": "Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]" + }, + "Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662]": { + "text": "Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662]", + "description": "A genus of Gram-negative bacteria with a curved rod shape in the phylum Proteobacteria. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76386]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:662" + }, + "Vibrio cholerae [NCBITaxon:666]": { + "text": "Vibrio cholerae [NCBITaxon:666]", + "description": "A species of the genus Vibrio which is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrio_cholerae]", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:666", + "is_a": "Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662]" + }, + "Vibrio parahaemolyticus [NCBITaxon:670]": { + "text": "Vibrio parahaemolyticus [NCBITaxon:670]", + "description": "A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, curved rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, oxidase and lysine decarboxylase positive, hemolytic, halophilic and can use a wide variety of sugars as carbon sources. V. parahaemolyticus is a marine organism and a pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and wound infections.", + "meaning": "NCBITaxon:670", + "is_a": "Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662]" + } + } + }, + "SequencingAssayTypeMenu": { + "name": "SequencingAssayTypeMenu", + "title": "sequencing_assay_type menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Amplicon sequencing assay [OBI:0002767]": { + "text": "Amplicon sequencing assay [OBI:0002767]", + "description": "A sequencing assay in which a DNA or RNA input molecule is amplified by PCR and the product sequenced.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002767" + }, + "16S ribosomal gene sequencing assay [OBI:0002763]": { + "text": "16S ribosomal gene sequencing assay [OBI:0002763]", + "description": "An amplicon sequencing assay in which the amplicon is derived from universal primers used to amplify the 16S ribosomal RNA gene from isolate bacterial genomic DNA or metagenomic DNA from a microbioal community. Resulting sequences are compared to reference 16S sequence databases to identify or classify bacteria present within a given sample.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002763", + "is_a": "Amplicon sequencing assay [OBI:0002767]" + }, + "Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117]": { + "text": "Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117]", + "description": "A DNA sequencing assay that intends to provide information about the sequence of an entire genome of an organism.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002117" + }, + "Whole metagenome sequencing assay [OBI:0002623]": { + "text": "Whole metagenome sequencing assay [OBI:0002623]", + "description": "A DNA sequencing assay that intends to provide information on the DNA sequences of multiple genomes (a metagenome) from different organisms present in the same input sample.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002623" + }, + "Whole virome sequencing assay [OBI:0002768]": { + "text": "Whole virome sequencing assay [OBI:0002768]", + "description": "A whole metagenome sequencing assay that intends to provide information on multiple genome sequences from different viruses present in the same input sample.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002768", + "is_a": "Whole metagenome sequencing assay [OBI:0002623]" + } + } + }, + "SequencingPlatformMenu": { + "name": "SequencingPlatformMenu", + "title": "sequencing_platform menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923]": { + "text": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923]", + "description": "A sequencing platform provided by the Illumina company.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001923" + }, + "Pacific Biosciences [GENEPIO:0001927]": { + "text": "Pacific Biosciences [GENEPIO:0001927]", + "description": "A sequencing platform provided by the Pacific Biosciences company.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001927" + }, + "Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0002683]": { + "text": "Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0002683]", + "description": "A sequencing platform provided by the Ion Torrent company.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0002683" + }, + "Oxford Nanopore Technologies [OBI:0002755]": { + "text": "Oxford Nanopore Technologies [OBI:0002755]", + "description": "An organization that is developing and selling nanopore sequencing products and is based in the UK.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002755" + }, + "BGI Genomics [GENEPIO:0004324]": { + "text": "BGI Genomics [GENEPIO:0004324]", + "description": "A sequencing platform provided by the BGI Genomics company.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004324" + }, + "MGI [GENEPIO:0004325]": { + "text": "MGI [GENEPIO:0004325]", + "description": "A sequencing platform provided by the MGI company.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004325" + } + } + }, + "SequencingInstrumentMenu": { + "name": "SequencingInstrumentMenu", + "title": "sequencing_instrument menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]": { + "text": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100105" + }, + "Illumina Genome Analyzer [OBI:0002128]": { + "text": "Illumina Genome Analyzer [OBI:0002128]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by Solexa as one of its first sequencer lines, launched in 2006, and capable of sequencing 1 gigabase (Gb) of data in a single run.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002128", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina Genome Analyzer II [OBI:0000703]": { + "text": "Illumina Genome Analyzer II [OBI:0000703]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina (Solexa) corporation, which supports sequencing of single or paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology.", + "meaning": "OBI:0000703", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx [OBI:0002000]": { + "text": "Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx [OBI:0002000]", + "description": "An Illumina Genome Analyzer II which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology. The Genome Analyzer IIx is the most widely adopted next-generation sequencing platform and proven and published across the broadest range of research applications.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002000", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina HiScanSQ [GENEPIO:0100109]": { + "text": "Illumina HiScanSQ [GENEPIO:0100109]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry, and contains a HiScan Reader for sequencing and microarray-based analyses as well as an \"SQ Module\" to support microfluidics.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100109", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry, enabling deep sequencing and high yield.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100110", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq X [GENEPIO:0100111]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq X [GENEPIO:0100111]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that oenabled sufficent depth and coverage to produce the first 30x human genome for $1000.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100111", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq X Five [GENEPIO:0100112]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq X Five [GENEPIO:0100112]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that consists of a set of 5 HiSeq X Sequencing Systems.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100112", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq X Ten [OBI:0002129]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq X Ten [OBI:0002129]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer that consists of a set of 10 HiSeq X Sequencing Systems.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002129", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq 1000 [OBI:0002022]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq 1000 [OBI:0002022]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with a single flow cell and a throughput of up to 35 Gb per day. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002022", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq 1500 [OBI:0003386]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq 1500 [OBI:0003386]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with a single flow cell and a throughput of up to 35-50 Gb per day.", + "meaning": "OBI:0003386", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq 2000 [OBI:0002001]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq 2000 [OBI:0002001]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with two flow cells and a throughput of up to 55 Gb per day. Built upon sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine is optimized for generation of data for multiple samples in a single run.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002001", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq 2500 [OBI:0002002]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq 2500 [OBI:0002002]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with two flow cells and a throughput of up to 160 Gb per day. Built upon sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine is optimized for generation of data for batching multiple samples or rapid results on a few samples.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002002", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq 3000 [OBI:0002048]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq 3000 [OBI:0002048]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by Illumina corporation, with a single flow cell and a throughput of more than 200 Gb per day.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002048", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina HiSeq 4000 [OBI:0002049]": { + "text": "Illumina HiSeq 4000 [OBI:0002049]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by Illumina corporation, with two flow cell and a throughput of more than 400 Gb per day.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002049", + "is_a": "Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]" + }, + "Illumina iSeq [GENEPIO:0100120]": { + "text": "Illumina iSeq [GENEPIO:0100120]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that is lightweight.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100120", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina iSeq 100 [GENEPIO:0100121]": { + "text": "Illumina iSeq 100 [GENEPIO:0100121]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that is lightweight and has an output capacity between 144MB-1.2GB.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100121", + "is_a": "Illumina iSeq [GENEPIO:0100120]" + }, + "Illumina NovaSeq [GENEPIO:0100122]": { + "text": "Illumina NovaSeq [GENEPIO:0100122]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illunina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that has an output capacirty of 6 Tb and 20 billion reads in dual flow cell mode.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100122", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina NovaSeq 6000 [OBI:0002630]": { + "text": "Illumina NovaSeq 6000 [OBI:0002630]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with two flow cells and an output of up to 6000 Gb (32-40 B reads per run). The sequencer utilizes synthesis technology and patterned flow cells to optimize throughput and even spacing of sequencing clusters.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002630", + "is_a": "Illumina NovaSeq [GENEPIO:0100122]" + }, + "Illumina MiniSeq [OBI:0003114]": { + "text": "Illumina MiniSeq [OBI:0003114]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an output capacity of 1.65-7.5 Gb.", + "meaning": "OBI:0003114", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina MiSeq [OBI:0002003]": { + "text": "Illumina MiSeq [OBI:0002003]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation. Built upon sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine provides an end-to-end solution (cluster generation, amplification, sequencing, and data analysis) in a single machine.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002003", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126]": { + "text": "Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an output capacity of 1.65-7.5 Gb.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100126", + "is_a": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]" + }, + "Illumina NextSeq 500 [OBI:0002021]": { + "text": "Illumina NextSeq 500 [OBI:0002021]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is a desktop sequencer ideal for smaller-scale studies manufactured by the Illumina corporation. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002021", + "is_a": "Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126]" + }, + "Illumina NextSeq 550 [GENEPIO:0100128]": { + "text": "Illumina NextSeq 550 [GENEPIO:0100128]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is a desktop sequencer ideal for smaller-scale studies manufactured by the Illumina corporation. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology. The 550 is an upgrade on the 500 model.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100128", + "is_a": "Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126]" + }, + "Illumina NextSeq 1000 [OBI:0003606]": { + "text": "Illumina NextSeq 1000 [OBI:0003606]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and uses P1 and P2 flow cells.", + "meaning": "OBI:0003606", + "is_a": "Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126]" + }, + "Illumina NextSeq 2000 [GENEPIO:0100129]": { + "text": "Illumina NextSeq 2000 [GENEPIO:0100129]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an output capacity of 30-360 Gb.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100129", + "is_a": "Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126]" + }, + "PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130]": { + "text": "PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100130" + }, + "PacBio RS [GENEPIO:0100131]": { + "text": "PacBio RS [GENEPIO:0100131]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation which utilizes “SMRT Cells” for single-molecule real-time sequencing. The RS was the first model made by the company.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100131", + "is_a": "PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130]" + }, + "PacBio RS II [OBI:0002012]": { + "text": "PacBio RS II [OBI:0002012]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation. Built upon single molecule real-time sequencing technology, the machine is optimized for generation with long reads and high consensus accuracy.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002012", + "is_a": "PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130]" + }, + "PacBio Sequel [OBI:0002632]": { + "text": "PacBio Sequel [OBI:0002632]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer built upon single molecule real-time sequencing technology, optimized for generation with long reads and high consensus accuracy, and manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation", + "meaning": "OBI:0002632", + "is_a": "PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130]" + }, + "PacBio Sequel II [OBI:0002633]": { + "text": "PacBio Sequel II [OBI:0002633]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer built upon single molecule real-time sequencing technology, optimized for generation of highly accurate (\"HiFi\") long reads, and which is manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002633", + "is_a": "PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130]" + }, + "Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135]": { + "text": "Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100135" + }, + "Ion Torrent PGM [GENEPIO:0100136]": { + "text": "Ion Torrent PGM [GENEPIO:0100136]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and has an output capacity of 300 MB - 1GB.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100136", + "is_a": "Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135]" + }, + "Ion Torrent Proton [GENEPIO:0100137]": { + "text": "Ion Torrent Proton [GENEPIO:0100137]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and has an output capacity of up to 15 Gb.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100137", + "is_a": "Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135]" + }, + "Ion Torrent S5 XL [GENEPIO:0100138]": { + "text": "Ion Torrent S5 XL [GENEPIO:0100138]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and requires only a small amount of input material while producing data faster than the S5 model.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100138", + "is_a": "Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135]" + }, + "Ion Torrent S5 [GENEPIO:0100139]": { + "text": "Ion Torrent S5 [GENEPIO:0100139]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and requires only a small amount of input material.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100139", + "is_a": "Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135]" + }, + "Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140]": { + "text": "Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore corporation.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100140" + }, + "Oxford Nanopore Flongle [GENEPIO:0004433]": { + "text": "Oxford Nanopore Flongle [GENEPIO:0004433]", + "description": "An adapter for MinION or GridION DNA sequencers manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore corporation that enables sequencing on smaller, single-use flow cells.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0004433", + "is_a": "Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140]" + }, + "Oxford Nanopore GridION [GENEPIO:0100141]": { + "text": "Oxford Nanopore GridION [GENEPIO:0100141]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer that is manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore Technologies corporation, that can run and analyze up to five individual flow cells producing up to 150 Gb of data per run. The sequencer produces real-time results and utilizes nanopore technology with the option of running the flow cells concurrently or individual", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100141", + "is_a": "Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140]" + }, + "Oxford Nanopore MinION [OBI:0002750]": { + "text": "Oxford Nanopore MinION [OBI:0002750]", + "description": "A portable DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore Technologies corporation, that uses consumable flow cells producing up to 30 Gb of DNA sequence data per flow cell. The sequencer produces real-time results and utilizes nanopore technology with up to 512 nanopore channels in the sensor array.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002750", + "is_a": "Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140]" + }, + "Oxford Nanopore PromethION [OBI:0002752]": { + "text": "Oxford Nanopore PromethION [OBI:0002752]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer that is manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore Technologies corporation, capable of running up to 48 flow cells and producing up to 7.6 Tb of data per run. The sequencer produces real-time results and utilizes Nanopore technology, with each flow cell allowing up to 3,000 nanopores to be sequencing simultaneously.", + "meaning": "OBI:0002752", + "is_a": "Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140]" + }, + "BGISEQ [GENEPIO:0100144]": { + "text": "BGISEQ [GENEPIO:0100144]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the BGI Genomics corporation.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100144" + }, + "BGISEQ-500 [GENEPIO:0100145]": { + "text": "BGISEQ-500 [GENEPIO:0100145]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the BGI Genomics corporation that utilizes Probe-Anchor Synthesis (cPAS) chemistry and \"DNA Nanoballs\".", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100145", + "is_a": "BGISEQ [GENEPIO:0100144]" + }, + "DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146]": { + "text": "DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100146" + }, + "DNBSEQ-T7 [GENEPIO:0100147]": { + "text": "DNBSEQ-T7 [GENEPIO:0100147]", + "description": "A high throughput DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an output capacity of 1~6TB of data per day.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100147", + "is_a": "DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146]" + }, + "DNBSEQ-G400 [GENEPIO:0100148]": { + "text": "DNBSEQ-G400 [GENEPIO:0100148]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an output capacity of 55GB~1440GB per run.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100148", + "is_a": "DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146]" + }, + "DNBSEQ-G400 FAST [GENEPIO:0100149]": { + "text": "DNBSEQ-G400 FAST [GENEPIO:0100149]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an outout capacity of 55GB~330GB per run, which enables faster sequencing than the DNBSEQ-G400.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100149", + "is_a": "DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146]" + }, + "DNBSEQ-G50 [GENEPIO:0100150]": { + "text": "DNBSEQ-G50 [GENEPIO:0100150]", + "description": "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an output capacity of 10～150 GB per run and enables different read lengths.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100150", + "is_a": "DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146]" + } + } + }, + "PurposeOfSequencingMenu": { + "name": "PurposeOfSequencingMenu", + "title": "purpose_of_sequencing menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001]": { + "text": "Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are chosen for investigation into a disease cluster or outbreak.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100001" + }, + "Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002]": { + "text": "Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context of diagnostic testing.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100002" + }, + "Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548]": { + "text": "Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which environments are sampled in the context of testing for the presence of, or change in the levels of, chemicals, pathogens or other phenomena.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100548" + }, + "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]": { + "text": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in order to perform research.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100003" + }, + "Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549]": { + "text": "Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context of experiments or observations performed as part of clinical research.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100549", + "is_a": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]" + }, + "Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550]": { + "text": "Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which samples are taken during real-life experiments which test directly whether proposed interventions actually work.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100550", + "is_a": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]" + }, + "Protocol testing experiment [GENEPIO:0100024]": { + "text": "Protocol testing experiment [GENEPIO:0100024]", + "description": "A research sampling strategy in which samples are collected in order to test a method or protocol.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100024", + "is_a": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]" + }, + "Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582]": { + "text": "Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals and/or materials are sampled for surveillance performed for research purposes.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100582", + "is_a": "Research [GENEPIO:0100003]" + }, + "Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004]": { + "text": "Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004]", + "description": "A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled for surveillance investigations.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100004" + } + } + }, + "AntimicrobialAgentNameMenu": { + "name": "AntimicrobialAgentNameMenu", + "title": "antimicrobial_agent_name menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Amikacin [CHEBI:2637]": { + "text": "Amikacin [CHEBI:2637]", + "description": "An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:2637" + }, + "Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [ARO:3003997]": { + "text": "Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [ARO:3003997]", + "description": "A fixed combination of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid, which inhibits beta-lactamase, a bacterial enzyme that inactivates amoxicillin.", + "meaning": "ARO:3003997" + }, + "Ampicillin [CHEBI:28971]": { + "text": "Ampicillin [CHEBI:28971]", + "description": "A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:28971" + }, + "Azithromycin [CHEBI:2955]": { + "text": "Azithromycin [CHEBI:2955]", + "description": "A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:2955" + }, + "Cefazolin [CHEBI:474053]": { + "text": "Cefazolin [CHEBI:474053]", + "description": "A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:474053" + }, + "Cefepime [CHEBI:478164]": { + "text": "Cefepime [CHEBI:478164]", + "description": "A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:478164" + }, + "Cefotaxime [CHEBI:204928]": { + "text": "Cefotaxime [CHEBI:204928]", + "description": "A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:204928" + }, + "Cefotaxime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004710]": { + "text": "Cefotaxime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004710]", + "description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the cephalosporin antibiotic cefotaxime and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004710" + }, + "Cefoxitin [CHEBI:209807]": { + "text": "Cefoxitin [CHEBI:209807]", + "description": "A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:209807" + }, + "Cefpodoxime [CHEBI:3504]": { + "text": "Cefpodoxime [CHEBI:3504]", + "description": "A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with methoxymethyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamino substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:3504" + }, + "Ceftazidime [CHEBI:3508]": { + "text": "Ceftazidime [CHEBI:3508]", + "description": "A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic bearing pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and {[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:3508" + }, + "Ceftazidime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004705]": { + "text": "Ceftazidime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004705]", + "description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the cephalosporin antibiotic ceftazidime and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004705" + }, + "Ceftiofur [ARO:3004006]": { + "text": "Ceftiofur [ARO:3004006]", + "description": "A third-generation broad spectrum cephalosporin and beta-lactam antibiotic. It causes cell lysis by disrupting peptidoglycan cross-linkage and cell wall formation by binding to PBPs.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004006" + }, + "Ceftriaxone [CHEBI:29007]": { + "text": "Ceftriaxone [CHEBI:29007]", + "description": "A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:29007" + }, + "Cephalothin": { + "text": "Cephalothin", + "description": "A semisynthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cephalothin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall.", + "meaning": "NCIT:C62021" + }, + "Chloramphenicol": { + "text": "Chloramphenicol", + "description": "An organochlorine compound that is dichloro-substituted acetamide containing a nitrobenzene ring, an amide bond and two alcohol functions.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:17698" + }, + "Ciprofloxacin": { + "text": "Ciprofloxacin", + "description": "A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:100241" + }, + "Clindamycin": { + "text": "Clindamycin", + "description": "A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:3745" + }, + "Doxycycline": { + "text": "Doxycycline", + "description": "A semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic in which the 5beta-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group, while the 6alpha-hydroxy group is replaced by hydrogen.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:50845" + }, + "Enrofloxacin": { + "text": "Enrofloxacin", + "description": "A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:35720" + }, + "Erythromycin": { + "text": "Erythromycin", + "description": "Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).", + "meaning": "CHEBI:48923" + }, + "Florfenicol": { + "text": "Florfenicol", + "description": "A carboxamide that is the N-dichloroacetyl derivative of (1R,2S)-2-amino-3-fluoro-1-[4-(methanesulfonyl)phenyl]propan-1-ol. A synthetic veterinary antibiotic that is used for treatment of bovine respiratory disease and foot rot; also used in aquaculture.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:87185" + }, + "Gentamicin": { + "text": "Gentamicin", + "description": "Gentamicin is a parenterally administered, broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic typically used for moderate to severe gram negative infections.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:17833" + }, + "Imipenem": { + "text": "Imipenem", + "description": "A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:471744" + }, + "Kanamycin": { + "text": "Kanamycin", + "description": "Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:6104" + }, + "Levofloxacin": { + "text": "Levofloxacin", + "description": "An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase", + "meaning": "CHEBI:63598" + }, + "Linezolid": { + "text": "Linezolid", + "description": "An organofluorine compound that consists of 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one bearing an N-3-fluoro-4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl group as well as an acetamidomethyl group at position 5. A synthetic antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to a site on 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit and prevents further formation of a functional 70S initiation complex.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:63607" + }, + "Meropenem": { + "text": "Meropenem", + "description": "A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:43968" + }, + "Nalidixic acid": { + "text": "Nalidixic acid", + "description": "A monocarboxylic acid comprising 1,8-naphthyridin-4-one substituted by carboxylic acid, ethyl and methyl groups at positions 3, 1, and 7, respectively. An orally administered antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of lower urinary-tract infections due to Gram-negative bacteria", + "meaning": "CHEBI:100147" + }, + "Neomycin": { + "text": "Neomycin", + "description": "A broad-spectrum highly toxic antibiotic or mixture of antibiotics produced by a streptomyces (Streptomyces fradiae) and used medically especially to treat local infections.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:7507" + }, + "Nitrofurantoin": { + "text": "Nitrofurantoin", + "description": "An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:71415" + }, + "Norfloxacin": { + "text": "Norfloxacin", + "description": "A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:100246" + }, + "Oxolinic acid": { + "text": "Oxolinic acid", + "description": "A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid having the carboxy group at position 7 as well as oxo and ethyl groups at positions 4 and 1 respectively and a dioxolo ring fused at the 5- and 6-positions.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:138856" + }, + "Oxytetracycline": { + "text": "Oxytetracycline", + "description": "A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:27701" + }, + "Penicillin": { + "text": "Penicillin", + "description": "Any member of the group of substituted penams containing two methyl substituents at position 2, a carboxylate substituent at position 3 and a carboxamido group at position 6.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:17334" + }, + "Piperacillin": { + "text": "Piperacillin", + "description": "A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:8232" + }, + "Piperacillin-tazobactam": { + "text": "Piperacillin-tazobactam", + "description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the penam beta-lactam antibiotic Piperacillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004021" + }, + "Polymyxin B": { + "text": "Polymyxin B", + "description": "Polymyxin B is mixture of mostly polymyxins B1 and B2, mainly used for resistant gram-negative infections.", + "meaning": "ARO:3000454" + }, + "Quinupristin-dalfopristin": { + "text": "Quinupristin-dalfopristin", + "description": "An antibiotic cocktail of the streptogramin A dalfopristin and the streptogramin B quinupristin antibiotics.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004022" + }, + "Streptomycin": { + "text": "Streptomycin", + "description": "A amino cyclitol glycoside that consists of streptidine having a disaccharyl moiety attached at the 4-position. The parent of the streptomycin class", + "meaning": "CHEBI:17076" + }, + "Sulfisoxazole": { + "text": "Sulfisoxazole", + "description": "A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:102484" + }, + "Telithromycin": { + "text": "Telithromycin", + "description": "Telithromycin is a semi-synthetic derivative of erythromycin. It is a 14-membered macrolide and is the first ketolide antibiotic to be used in clinics. Telithromycin binds the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis.", + "meaning": "ARO:0000057" + }, + "Tetracycline": { + "text": "Tetracycline", + "description": "A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:27902" + }, + "Tigecycline": { + "text": "Tigecycline", + "description": "Tetracycline in which the hydroxy group at position 5 and the methyl group at position 6 are replaced by hydrogen, and with a dimethylamino substituent and an (N-tert-butylglycyl)amino substituent at positions 7 and 9, respectively. A glycylcycline antibiotic, it has activity against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including tetracycline-resistant organisms.", + "meaning": "CHEBI:149836" + }, + "Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole": { + "text": "Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole", + "description": "An antibiotic cocktail containing the diaminopyrimidine antibiotic Trimethoprim and the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (1 TMP:5 SMX).", + "meaning": "ARO:3004024" + } + } + }, + "AmrPhenotypeMenu": { + "name": "AmrPhenotypeMenu", + "title": "AMR_phenotype menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040]": { + "text": "Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040]", + "description": "A not defined resistance indicates that an isolate was not tested against a given antibiotic, or the result of the test was inconclusive.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0002040" + }, + "Intermediate antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004300]": { + "text": "Intermediate antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004300]", + "description": "Intermediate sensitivity of a bacterial strain to a given antibiotic occurs when it is inhibited by a concentration of the drug that is associated with uncertain therapeutic effect. The elimination of intermediate phenotype bacteria may depend on the site of infection and/or the concentration of the administered drug.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004300", + "is_a": "Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040]" + }, + "Indeterminate antimicrobial phenotype [GENEPIO:0100585]": { + "text": "Indeterminate antimicrobial phenotype [GENEPIO:0100585]", + "description": "A not defined resistance which indicates that the result of the test was inconclusive.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0100585", + "is_a": "Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040]" + }, + "Nonsusceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004303]": { + "text": "Nonsusceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004303]", + "description": "A bacterial strain is said to be nonsusceptible to a given antibiotic drug if it demonstrates either an intermediate or resistant phenotype when exposed to a concentration of a drug that is associated with a high likelihood of therapeutic failure, i.e. if the bacterial strain is not susceptible to the antibiotic drug but not necessarily totally resistant under all conditions.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004303" + }, + "Resistant antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004301]": { + "text": "Resistant antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004301]", + "description": "A bacterial strain is said to be resistant to a given antibiotic when it is inhibited in vitro by a concentration of this drug that is associated with a high likelihood of therapeutic failure.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004301" + }, + "Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302]": { + "text": "Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302]", + "description": "A bacterial strain is said to be susceptible to a given antibiotic when it is inhibited in vitro by a concentration of a drug that is associated with a high likelihood of therapeutic success", + "meaning": "ARO:3004302" + }, + "Susceptible dose dependent antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004304]": { + "text": "Susceptible dose dependent antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004304]", + "description": "A bacterial strain is said to be susceptible-dose dependent (SDD) to a given antibiotic when growth is inhibited with a high likelihood of therapeutic success, but when multiple approved dosing options exist. When a higher or more frequent dose is used, the predicted therapeutic result is the same as for susceptible individuals.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004304" + } + } + }, + "AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu": { + "name": "AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu", + "title": "AMR_measurement_units menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "milligram per litre (mg/L) [UO:0000273]": { + "text": "milligram per litre (mg/L) [UO:0000273]", + "description": "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in milligrams divided by the volume in liters.", + "meaning": "UO:0000273" + }, + "millimetre (mm) [UO:0000016]": { + "text": "millimetre (mm) [UO:0000016]", + "description": "A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of a meter or 10^[-3] m", + "meaning": "UO:0000016" + }, + "microgram per millilitre (ug/mL) [UO:0000274]": { + "text": "microgram per millilitre (ug/mL) [UO:0000274]", + "description": "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in micrograms divided by the volume in millliters.", + "meaning": "UO:0000274" + } + } + }, + "AmrMeasurementSignMenu": { + "name": "AmrMeasurementSignMenu", + "title": "AMR_measurement_sign menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "less than (<) [GENEPIO:0001002]": { + "text": "less than (<) [GENEPIO:0001002]", + "description": "The \"less than\" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at less than a given quantity or concentration.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001002" + }, + "less than or equal to (<=) [GENEPIO:0001003]": { + "text": "less than or equal to (<=) [GENEPIO:0001003]", + "description": "The \"less than or equal to\" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at less than or equal to a given quantity or concentration.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001003" + }, + "equal to (==) [GENEPIO:0001004]": { + "text": "equal to (==) [GENEPIO:0001004]", + "description": "The \"equal to\" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at the given quantity or concentration.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001004" + }, + "greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006]": { + "text": "greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006]", + "description": "The \"greater than\" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at greater than a given quantity or concentration.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001006" + }, + "greater than or equal to (>=) [GENEPIO:0001005]": { + "text": "greater than or equal to (>=) [GENEPIO:0001005]", + "description": "The \"greater than or equal to\" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at greater than or equal to a given quantity or concentration.", + "meaning": "GENEPIO:0001005" + } + } + }, + "AmrLaboratoryTypingMethodMenu": { + "name": "AmrLaboratoryTypingMethodMenu", + "title": "AMR_laboratory_typing_method menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Agar diffusion [NCIT:85595]": { + "text": "Agar diffusion [NCIT:85595]", + "description": "A method to determine microbial susceptibility to antibiotics wherein bacteria are inoculated onto agar plates and the antimicrobial agent diffused onto the agar plate from a filter paper disk. An approximate, but not exact, MIC is determined by the diameter of growth inhibition zones. This method has been found to have good correlation between in-vivo data and in-vitro data. [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ]", + "meaning": "NCIT:85595" + }, + "Antimicrobial gradient (E-test) [NCIT:85596]": { + "text": "Antimicrobial gradient (E-test) [NCIT:85596]", + "description": "A method to determine microbial susceptibility to antibiotics in which a plastic strip impregnated with the antibiotic of interest is placed on an agar plate that has been inoculated with bacteria. The antibiotic diffuses from the strip producing a concentration gradient of drug on the agar. The point at which the elliptical shaped area of growth inhibition meets the strip is the minimum inhibitory concentration of the drug of interest. [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ]", + "meaning": "NCIT:85596", + "is_a": "Agar diffusion [NCIT:85595]" + }, + "Agar dilution [ARO:3004411]": { + "text": "Agar dilution [ARO:3004411]", + "description": "In this method, bacteria are inoculated onto agar plates and the antimicrobial agent is injected into the plate and allowed to diffuse. [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ]", + "meaning": "ARO:3004411" + }, + "Broth dilution [ARO:3004397]": { + "text": "Broth dilution [ARO:3004397]", + "description": "The microbial species are inoculated in liquid growth medium containing incremental dilutions (usually 2-fold) of the antimicrobial agent.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004397" + } + } + }, + "AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu": { + "name": "AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu", + "title": "AMR_laboratory_typing_platform menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "BIOMIC Microbiology System [ARO:3007569]": { + "text": "BIOMIC Microbiology System [ARO:3007569]", + "description": "Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by Giles Scientific.", + "meaning": "ARO:3007569" + }, + "Microscan [ARO:3004400]": { + "text": "Microscan [ARO:3004400]", + "description": "Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by Omron.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004400" + }, + "Phoenix [ARO:3004401]": { + "text": "Phoenix [ARO:3004401]", + "description": "Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by Becton Dickinson.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004401" + }, + "Sensititre [ARO:3004402]": { + "text": "Sensititre [ARO:3004402]", + "description": "Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by ThermoFisher Scientific.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004402" + }, + "Vitek System [ARO:3004403]": { + "text": "Vitek System [ARO:3004403]", + "description": "Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by bioMérieux.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004403" + } + } + }, + "AMR_vendor_name menu": { + "name": "AMR_vendor_name menu", + "title": "AMR_vendor_name menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Becton Dickinson [ARO:3004405]": { + "text": "Becton Dickinson [ARO:3004405]", + "description": "Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in New Jersey, USA. Becton Dickinson is the developer of the Phoenix automated testing platform.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004405" + }, + "bioMérieux [ARO:3004406]": { + "text": "bioMérieux [ARO:3004406]", + "description": "Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in France. bioMérieux is the developer of the Vitek automated testing platform.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004406" + }, + "Omron [ARO:3004408]": { + "text": "Omron [ARO:3004408]", + "description": "Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility based in Japan. Omron is the developer of the MicroScan automated testing platform.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004408" + }, + "Siemens [ARO:3004407]": { + "text": "Siemens [ARO:3004407]", + "description": "Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in Berlin and Munich.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004407" + }, + "Trek [ARO:3004409]": { + "text": "Trek [ARO:3004409]", + "description": "Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility that was acquired by Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Thermo Fisher Scienfiic Inc. is headquartered in Massachusetts, USA. Trek is the developer of the Sensitire automated testing platform.", + "meaning": "ARO:3004409" + } + } + }, + "AmrTestingStandardMenu": { + "name": "AmrTestingStandardMenu", + "title": "AMR_testing_standard menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) [ARO:3004365]": { + "text": "British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) [ARO:3004365]", + "meaning": "ARO:3004365" + }, + "Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366]": { + "text": "Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366]", + "meaning": "ARO:3004366" + }, + "Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) [ARO:3004367]": { + "text": "Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) [ARO:3004367]", + "meaning": "ARO:3004367" + }, + "European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) [ARO:3004368]": { + "text": "European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) [ARO:3004368]", + "meaning": "ARO:3004368" + }, + "National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) [ARO:3007195]": { + "text": "National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) [ARO:3007195]", + "meaning": "ARO:3007195" + }, + "National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) [ARO:3007193]": { + "text": "National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) [ARO:3007193]", + "meaning": "ARO:3007193" + }, + "Société Française de Microbiologie (SFM) [ARO:3004369]": { + "text": "Société Française de Microbiologie (SFM) [ARO:3004369]", + "meaning": "ARO:3004369" + }, + "Swedish Reference Group for Antibiotics (SIR) [ARO:3007397]": { + "text": "Swedish Reference Group for Antibiotics (SIR) [ARO:3007397]", + "meaning": "ARO:3007397" + }, + "Werkgroep Richtlijnen Gevoeligheidsbepalingen (WRG) [ARO:3007398]": { + "text": "Werkgroep Richtlijnen Gevoeligheidsbepalingen (WRG) [ARO:3007398]", + "meaning": "ARO:3007398" + } + } + }, + "GeoLocNameCountryMenu": { + "name": "GeoLocNameCountryMenu", + "title": "geo_loc_name_(country) menu", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "permissible_values": { + "Afghanistan [GAZ:00006882]": { + "text": "Afghanistan [GAZ:00006882]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006882" + }, + "Albania [GAZ:00002953]": { + "text": "Albania [GAZ:00002953]", + "description": "A landlocked country that is located approximately in the center of Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east Iran in the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast. Afghanistan is administratively divided into thirty-four (34) provinces (welayats). Each province is then divided into many provincial districts, and each district normally covers a city or several townships. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002953" + }, + "Algeria [GAZ:00000563]": { + "text": "Algeria [GAZ:00000563]", + "description": "A country in South Eastern Europe. Albania is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the west, and on the Ionian Sea to the southwest. From the Strait of Otranto, Albania is less than 100 km from Italy. Albania is divided into 12 administrative divisions called (Albanian: official qark/qarku, but often prefekture/prefektura Counties), 36 districts (Rrethe) and 351 municipalities (Bashkia) and communes (Komuna). [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000563" + }, + "American Samoa [GAZ:00003957]": { + "text": "American Samoa [GAZ:00003957]", + "description": "A country in North Africa. It is bordered by Tunisia in the northeast, Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, a few km of the Western Sahara in the west, Morocco in the northwest, and the Mediterranean Sea in the north. It divided into 48 provinces (wilayas), 553 districts (dairas) and 1,541 municipalities (communes, baladiyahs). [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003957" + }, + "Andorra [GAZ:00002948]": { + "text": "Andorra [GAZ:00002948]", + "description": "An unincorporated territory of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of the sovereign State of Samoa. The main (largest and most populous) island is Tutuila, with the Manu'a Islands, Rose Atoll, and Swains Island also included in the territory. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Samoa ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002948" + }, + "Angola [GAZ:00001095]": { + "text": "Angola [GAZ:00001095]", + "description": "A small landlocked country in western Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain (Catalonia) and France. Andorra consists of seven communities known as parishes (Catalan: parroquies, singular - parroquia). Until relatively recently, it had only six parishes; the seventh, Escaldes-Engordany, was created in 1978. Some parishes have a further territorial subdivision. Ordino, La Massana and Sant Julia de Loria are subdivided into quarts (quarters), while Canillo is subdivided into veinats (neighborhoods). Those mostly coincide with villages, which are found in all parishes. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andorra ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001095" + }, + "Anguilla [GAZ:00009159]": { + "text": "Anguilla [GAZ:00009159]", + "description": "A country in south-central Africa bordering Namibia to the south, Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, and Zambia to the east, and with a west coast along the Atlantic Ocean. The exclave province Cabinda has a border with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angola ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00009159" + }, + "Antarctica [GAZ:00000462]": { + "text": "Antarctica [GAZ:00000462]", + "description": "A British overseas territory in the Caribbean, one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles. It consists of the main island of Anguilla itself, approximately 26 km long by 5 km wide at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguila ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000462" + }, + "Antigua and Barbuda [GAZ:00006883]": { + "text": "Antigua and Barbuda [GAZ:00006883]", + "description": "The Earth's southernmost continent, overlying the South Pole. It is situated in the southern hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctica ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006883" + }, + "Argentina [GAZ:00002928]": { + "text": "Argentina [GAZ:00002928]", + "description": "An island nation located on the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002928" + }, + "Armenia [GAZ:00004094]": { + "text": "Armenia [GAZ:00004094]", + "description": "A South American country, constituted as a federation of twenty-three provinces and an autonomous city. It is bordered by Paraguay and Bolivia in the north, Brazil and Uruguay in the northeast, and Chile in the west and south. The country claims the British controlled territories of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. Argentina also claims 969,464 km2 of Antarctica, known as Argentine Antarctica, overlapping other claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom. Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one federal district (Capital de la Republica or Capital de la Nacion, informally the Capital Federal). The federal district and the provinces have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system. Provinces are then divided into departments (Spanish: departamentos, singular departamento), except for Buenos Aires Province, which is divided into partidos. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004094" + }, + "Aruba [GAZ:00004025]": { + "text": "Aruba [GAZ:00004025]", + "description": "A landlocked mountainous country in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Southern Caucasus. It borders Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan to the south. A transcontinental country at the juncture of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. A former republic of the Soviet Union. Armenia is divided into ten marzes (provinces, singular marz), with the city (kaghak) of Yerevan having special administrative status as the country's capital. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004025" + }, + "Ashmore and Cartier Islands [GAZ:00005901]": { + "text": "Ashmore and Cartier Islands [GAZ:00005901]", + "description": "An autonomous region within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Aruba has no administrative subdivisions. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruba ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005901" + }, + "Australia [GAZ:00000463]": { + "text": "Australia [GAZ:00000463]", + "description": "A Territory of Australia that includes two groups of small low-lying uninhabited tropical islands in the Indian Ocean situated on the edge of the continental shelf north-west of Australia and south of the Indonesian island of Roti. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands ]", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000463" + }, + "Austria [GAZ:00002942]": { + "text": "Austria [GAZ:00002942]", + "description": "A country in the southern hemisphere comprising the mainland of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and a number of other islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The neighbouring countries are Indonesia, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia has six states, two major mainland territories, and other minor territories.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002942" + }, + "Azerbaijan [GAZ:00004941]": { + "text": "Azerbaijan [GAZ:00004941]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The capital is the city of Vienna on the Danube River. Austria is divided into nine states (Bundeslander). These states are then divided into districts (Bezirke) and cities (Statutarstadte). Districts are subdivided into municipalities (Gemeinden). Cities have the competencies otherwise granted to both districts and municipalities.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004941" + }, + "Bahamas [GAZ:00002733]": { + "text": "Bahamas [GAZ:00002733]", + "description": "A country in the he South Caucasus region of Eurasia, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. The Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan is bordered by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and Turkey to the northwest. Nagorno-Karabakh, along with 7 other districts in Azerbaijan's southwest, have been controlled by Armenia since the end of the Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1994. Azerbaijan is divided into 59 rayons 11 city districts (saharlar), and one autonomous republic (muxtar respublika).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002733" + }, + "Bahrain [GAZ:00005281]": { + "text": "Bahrain [GAZ:00005281]", + "description": "A country consisting of two thousand cays and seven hundred islands that form an archipelago. It is located in the Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Florida and the United States, north of Cuba, the island of Hispanola and the Caribbean, and northwest of the British overseas territory of the Turks and Caicos Islands. It is divided into 32 districts, plus New Providence, whose affairs are handled directly by the central government.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005281" + }, + "Baker Island [GAZ:00007117]": { + "text": "Baker Island [GAZ:00007117]", + "description": "A borderless island country in the Persian Gulf. Saudi Arabia lies to the west and is connected to Bahrain by the King Fahd Causeway, and Qatar is to the south across the Gulf of Bahrain. Bahrain is split into five governorates.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007117" + }, + "Bangladesh [GAZ:00003750]": { + "text": "Bangladesh [GAZ:00003750]", + "description": "An uninhabited atoll located just north of the equator in the central Pacific Ocean about 3,100 km southwest of Honolulu. Baker Island is an unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003750" + }, + "Barbados [GAZ:00001251]": { + "text": "Barbados [GAZ:00001251]", + "description": "A country in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Myanmar to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south. Bangladesh is divided into six administrative divisions. Divisions are subdivided into districts (zila). There are 64 districts in Bangladesh, each further subdivided into upazila (subdistricts) or thana (\"police stations\").", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001251" + }, + "Bassas da India [GAZ:00005810]": { + "text": "Bassas da India [GAZ:00005810]", + "description": "An island country in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies, in the Caribbean region of the Americas, and the most easterly of the Caribbean Islands. It is 34 kilometres (21 miles) in length and up to 23 km (14 mi) in width, covering an area of 432 km2 (167 sq mi). It is in the western part of the North Atlantic, 100 km (62 mi) east of the Windward Islands and the Caribbean Sea.[7] Barbados is east of the Windwards, part of the Lesser Antilles, at roughly 13°N of the equator. It is about 168 km (104 mi) east of both the countries of Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and 180 km (110 mi) south-east of Martinique and 400 km (250 mi) north-east of Trinidad and Tobago. Barbados is outside the principal Atlantic hurricane belt. Its capital and largest city is Bridgetown.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005810" + }, + "Belarus [GAZ:00006886]": { + "text": "Belarus [GAZ:00006886]", + "description": "A roughly circular atoll about 10 km in diameter, which corresponds to a total size (including lagoon) of 80 km2. It is located in the southern Mozambique Channel, about half-way between Madagascar (which is 385 km to the east) and Mozambique, and 110 km northwest of Europa Island. It rises steeply from the seabed 3000 m below.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006886" + }, + "Belgium [GAZ:00002938]": { + "text": "Belgium [GAZ:00002938]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Eastern Europe, that borders Russia to the north and east, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the north. Its capital is Minsk. Belarus is divided into six voblasts, or provinces. Voblasts are further subdivided into raions (commonly translated as districts or regions). As of 2002, there are six voblasts, 118 raions, 102 towns and 108 urbanized settlements. Minsk is given a special status, due to the city serving as the national capital.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002938" + }, + "Belize [GAZ:00002934]": { + "text": "Belize [GAZ:00002934]", + "description": "A country in northwest Europe. Belgium shares borders with France (620 km), Germany (167 km), Luxembourg (148 km) and the Netherlands (450 km). The Flemish Region (Flanders) and the Walloon Region (Wallonia) each comprise five provinces; the third region, Brussels-Capital Region, is not a province, nor does it contain any Together, these comprise 589 municipalities, which in general consist of several sub-municipalities (which were independent municipalities before the municipal merger operation mainly in 1977).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002934" + }, + "Benin [GAZ:00000904]": { + "text": "Benin [GAZ:00000904]", + "description": "A country in Central America. It is the only officially English speaking country in the region. Belize was a British colony for more than a century and was known as British Honduras until 1973. It became an independent nation within The Commonwealth in 1981. Belize is divided into 6 districts, which are further divided into 31 constituencies.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000904" + }, + "Bermuda [GAZ:00001264]": { + "text": "Bermuda [GAZ:00001264]", + "description": "A country in Western Africa. It borders Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east and Burkina Faso and Niger to the north; its short coastline to the south leads to the Bight of Benin. Its capital is Porto Novo, but the seat of government is Cotonou. Benin is divided into 12 departments and subdivided into 77 communes.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001264" + }, + "Bhutan [GAZ:00003920]": { + "text": "Bhutan [GAZ:00003920]", + "description": "A British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Located off the east coast of the United States, it is situated around 1770 km NE of Miami, Florida and 1350 km S of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Comprised of approximately 138 islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003920" + }, + "Bolivia [GAZ:00002511]": { + "text": "Bolivia [GAZ:00002511]", + "description": "A landlocked nation in South Asia. It is located amidst the eastern end of the Himalaya Mountains and is bordered to the south, east and west by India and to the north by Tibet. Bhutan is separated from Nepal by the Indian State of Sikkim. Bhutan is divided into four dzongdey (administrative zones). Each dzongdey is further divided into dzongkhag (districts). There are twenty dzongkhag in Bhutan. Large dzongkhags are further divided into subdistricts known as dungkhag. At the basic level, groups of villages form a constituency called gewog.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002511" + }, + "Borneo [GAZ:00025355]": { + "text": "Borneo [GAZ:00025355]", + "description": "A landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil on the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina on the south, and Chile and Peru on the west. Bolivia is divided into 9 departments (Spanish: departamentos). Each of the departments is subdivided into provinces (provincias), which are further subdivided into municipalities (municipios).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00025355" + }, + "Bosnia and Herzegovina [GAZ:00006887]": { + "text": "Bosnia and Herzegovina [GAZ:00006887]", + "description": "An island at the grographic centre of Maritime Southeast Adia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and east of Sumatra. It is the third-largest island in the world and the larest in Asia. The island is politically divided among three countries: Malaysia and Brunei in the north, and Indonesia to the south.[1] Approximately 73% of the island is Indonesian territory. In the north, the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak make up about 26% of the island. Additionally, the Malaysian federal territory of Labuan is situated on a small island just off the coast of Borneo. The sovereign state of Brunei, located on the north coast, comprises about 1% of Borneo's land area. A little more than half of the island is in the Northern Hemisphere, including Brunei and the Malaysian portion, while the Indonesian portion spans the Northern and Southern hemispheres.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006887" + }, + "Botswana [GAZ:00001097]": { + "text": "Botswana [GAZ:00001097]", + "description": "A country on the Balkan peninsula of Southern Europe. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the south, Bosnia and Herzegovina is mostly landlocked, except for 26 km of the Adriatic Sea coastline. Bosnia and Herzegovina is now divided into three political regions of which one, the Brcko District is part of the other two, the Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine and the Republika Srpska. All three have an equal constitutional status on the whole territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001097" + }, + "Bouvet Island [GAZ:00001453]": { + "text": "Bouvet Island [GAZ:00001453]", + "description": "A landlocked nation in Southern Africa. It is bordered by South Africa to the south and southeast, Namibia to the west, Zambia to the north, and Zimbabwe to the northeast. Botswana is divided into nine districts, which are subdivided into a total twenty-eight subdistricts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001453" + }, + "Brazil [GAZ:00002828]": { + "text": "Brazil [GAZ:00002828]", + "description": "A sub-antarctic volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean, south-southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa). It is a dependent area of Norway and is not subject to the Antarctic Treaty, as it is north of the latitude south of which claims are suspended.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002828" + }, + "British Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003961]": { + "text": "British Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003961]", + "description": "A country in South America. Bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and by Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana and the department of French Guiana to the north, Colombia to the northwest, Bolivia and Peru to the west, Argentina and Paraguay to the southwest, and Uruguay to the south. Federation of twenty-six states (estados) and one federal district (Distrito Federal). The states are subdivided into municipalities. For statistical purposes, the States are grouped into five main regions: North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast and South.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003961" + }, + "Brunei [GAZ:00003901]": { + "text": "Brunei [GAZ:00003901]", + "description": "A British overseas territory, located in the Caribbean to the east of Puerto Rico. The islands make up part of the Virgin Islands archipelago, the remaining islands constituting the US Virgin Islands. The British Virgin Islands consist of the main islands of Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Anegada and Jost Van Dyke, along with over fifty other smaller islands and cays. Approximately fifteen of the islands are inhabited.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003901" + }, + "Bulgaria [GAZ:00002950]": { + "text": "Bulgaria [GAZ:00002950]", + "description": "A country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo, in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea it is completely surrounded by the State of Sarawak, Malaysia, and in fact it is separated into two parts by Limbang, which is part of Sarawak. Brunei is divided into four districts (daerah), the districts are subdivided into thirty-eight mukims, which are then divided into kampong (villages).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002950" + }, + "Burkina Faso [GAZ:00000905]": { + "text": "Burkina Faso [GAZ:00000905]", + "description": "A country in Southeastern Europe, borders five other countries; Romania to the north (mostly along the Danube), Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west, and Greece and Turkey to the south. The Black Sea defines the extent of the country to the east. Since 1999, it has consisted of twenty-eight provinces. The provinces subdivide into 264 municipalities.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000905" + }, + "Burundi [GAZ:00001090]": { + "text": "Burundi [GAZ:00001090]", + "description": "A landlocked nation in West Africa. It is surrounded by six countries: Mali to the north, Niger to the east, Benin to the south east, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Cote d'Ivoire to the south west. Burkina Faso is divided into thirteen regions, forty-five provinces, and 301 departments (communes).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001090" + }, + "Cambodia [GAZ:00006888]": { + "text": "Cambodia [GAZ:00006888]", + "description": "A small country in the Great Lakes region of Africa. It is bordered by Rwanda on the north, Tanzania on the south and east, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the west. Although the country is landlocked, much of its western border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika. Burundi is divided into 17 provinces, 117 communes, and 2,638 collines.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006888" + }, + "Cameroon [GAZ:00001093]": { + "text": "Cameroon [GAZ:00001093]", + "description": "A country in Southeast Asia. The country borders Thailand to its west and northwest, Laos to its northeast, and Vietnam to its east and southeast. In the south it faces the Gulf of Thailand.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001093" + }, + "Canada [GAZ:00002560]": { + "text": "Canada [GAZ:00002560]", + "description": "A country of central and western Africa. It borders Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Bonny, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. The Republic of Cameroon is divided into ten provinces and 58 divisions or departments. The divisions are further sub-divided into sub-divisions (arrondissements) and districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002560" + }, + "Cape Verde [GAZ:00001227]": { + "text": "Cape Verde [GAZ:00001227]", + "description": "A country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Canada is a federation composed of ten provinces and three territories; in turn, these may be grouped into regions. Western Canada consists of British Columbia and the three Prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba). Central Canada consists of Quebec and Ontario. Atlantic Canada consists of the three Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia), along with Newfoundland and Labrador. Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together. Three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) make up Northern Canada.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001227" + }, + "Cayman Islands [GAZ:00003986]": { + "text": "Cayman Islands [GAZ:00003986]", + "description": "A republic located on an archipelago in the Macaronesia ecoregion of the North Atlantic Ocean, off the western coast of Africa. Cape Verde is divided into 22 municipalities (concelhos), and subdivided into 32 parishes (freguesias).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003986" + }, + "Central African Republic [GAZ:00001089]": { + "text": "Central African Republic [GAZ:00001089]", + "description": "A British overseas territory located in the western Caribbean Sea, comprising the islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, and Little Cayman. The Cayman Islands are divided into seven districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001089" + }, + "Chad [GAZ:00000586]": { + "text": "Chad [GAZ:00000586]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Central Africa. It borders Chad in the north, Sudan in the east, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the south, and Cameroon in the west. The Central African Republic is divided into 14 administrative prefectures (prefectures), along with 2 economic prefectures (prefectures economiques) and one autonomous commune. The prefectures are further divided into 71 sub-prefectures (sous-prefectures).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000586" + }, + "Chile [GAZ:00002825]": { + "text": "Chile [GAZ:00002825]", + "description": "A landlocked country in central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Chad is divided into 18 regions. The departments are divided into 200 sub-prefectures, which are in turn composed of 446 cantons. This is due to change.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002825" + }, + "China [GAZ:00002845]": { + "text": "China [GAZ:00002845]", + "description": "A country in South America occupying a long and narrow coastal strip wedged between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific forms the country's entire western border, with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage at the country's southernmost tip. Chile claims 1,250,000 km2 of territory in Antarctica. Chile is divided into 15 regions. Every region is further divided into provinces. Finally each province is divided into communes. Each region is designated by a name and a Roman numeral, assigned from north to south. The only exception is the region housing the nation's capital, which is designated RM, that stands for Region Metropolitana (Metropolitan Region). Two new regions were created in 2006: Arica-Parinacota in the north, and Los Rios in the south. Both became operative in 2007-10.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002845" + }, + "Christmas Island [GAZ:00005915]": { + "text": "Christmas Island [GAZ:00005915]", + "description": "A large country in Northeast Asia. China borders 14 nations (counted clockwise from south): Vietnam, Laos, Burma, India, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Russia, Mongolia and North Korea. Additionally the border between PRC and ROC is located in territorial waters. The People's Republic of China has administrative control over twenty-two provinces and considers Taiwan to be its twenty-third province. There are also five autonomous regions, each with a designated minority group; four municipalities; and two Special Administrative Regions that enjoy considerable autonomy. The People's Republic of China administers 33 province-level regions, 333 prefecture-level regions, 2,862 county-level regions, 41,636 township-level regions, and several village-level regions.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005915" + }, + "Clipperton Island [GAZ:00005838]": { + "text": "Clipperton Island [GAZ:00005838]", + "description": "An island in the Indian Ocean, 500 km south of Indonesia and about 2600 km northwest of Perth. The island is the flat summit of a submarine mountain.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005838" + }, + "Cocos Islands [GAZ:00009721]": { + "text": "Cocos Islands [GAZ:00009721]", + "description": "A nine-square km coral atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, southwest of Mexico and west of Costa Rica.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00009721" + }, + "Colombia [GAZ:00002929]": { + "text": "Colombia [GAZ:00002929]", + "description": "Islands that located in the Indian Ocean, about halfway between Australia and Sri Lanka. A territory of Australia. There are two atolls and twenty-seven coral islands in the group.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002929" + }, + "Comoros [GAZ:00005820]": { + "text": "Comoros [GAZ:00005820]", + "description": "A country located in the northwestern region of South America. Colombia is bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the North by the Atlantic Ocean, through the Caribbean Sea; to the north-west by Panama; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Besides the countries in South America, the Republic of Colombia is recognized to share maritime borders with the Caribbean countries of Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic and the Central American countries of Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. Colombia is divided into 32 departments and one capital district which is treated as a department. There are in total 10 districts assigned to cities in Colombia including Bogota, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Tunja, Cucuta, Popayan, Buenaventura, Tumaco and Turbo. Colombia is also subdivided into some municipalities which form departments, each with a municipal seat capital city assigned. Colombia is also subdivided into corregimientos which form municipalities.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005820" + }, + "Cook Islands [GAZ:00053798]": { + "text": "Cook Islands [GAZ:00053798]", + "description": "An island nation in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern coast of Africa on the northern end of the Mozambique Channel between northern Madagascar and northeastern Mozambique.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00053798" + }, + "Coral Sea Islands [GAZ:00005917]": { + "text": "Coral Sea Islands [GAZ:00005917]", + "description": "A self-governing parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand. The fifteen small islands in this South Pacific Ocean country have a total land area of 240 km2, but the Cook Islands Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers 1.8 million km2 of ocean.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005917" + }, + "Costa Rica [GAZ:00002901]": { + "text": "Costa Rica [GAZ:00002901]", + "description": "A Territory of Australia which includes a group of small and mostly uninhabited tropical islands and reefs in the Coral Sea, northeast of Queensland, Australia. The only inhabited island is Willis Island. The territory covers 780,000 km2, extending east and south from the outer edge of the Great Barrier Reef, and including Heralds Beacon Island, Osprey Reef, the Willis Group, and fifteen other reef/island groups.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002901" + }, + "Cote d'Ivoire [GAZ:00000906]": { + "text": "Cote d'Ivoire [GAZ:00000906]", + "description": "A republic in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the east-southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, and the Caribbean Sea to the east. Costa Rica is composed of seven provinces, which in turn are divided into 81 cantons.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000906" + }, + "Croatia [GAZ:00002719]": { + "text": "Croatia [GAZ:00002719]", + "description": "A country in West Africa. It borders Liberia and Guinea to the west, Mali and Burkina Faso to the north, Ghana to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. Cote d'Ivoire is divided into nineteen regions (regions). The regions are further divided into 58 departments.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002719" + }, + "Cuba [GAZ:00003762]": { + "text": "Cuba [GAZ:00003762]", + "description": "A country at the crossroads of the Mediterranean, Central Europe, and the Balkans. Its capital is Zagreb. Croatia borders with Slovenia and Hungary to the north, Serbia to the northeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the east, Montenegro to the far southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the south. Croatia is divided into 21 counties (zupanija) and the capital Zagreb's city district.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003762" + }, + "Curacao [GAZ:00012582]": { + "text": "Curacao [GAZ:00012582]", + "description": "A country that consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles), Isla de la Juventud and several adjacent small islands. Fourteen provinces and one special municipality (the Isla de la Juventud) now compose Cuba.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00012582" + }, + "Cyprus [GAZ:00004006]": { + "text": "Cyprus [GAZ:00004006]", + "description": "One of five island areas of the Netherlands Antilles.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004006" + }, + "Czech Republic [GAZ:00002954]": { + "text": "Czech Republic [GAZ:00002954]", + "description": "The third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and Sardinia), Cyprus is situated in the eastern Mediterranean, just south of the Anatolian peninsula (or Asia Minor) of the Asian mainland; thus, it is often included in the Middle East (see also Western Asia and Near East). Turkey is 75 km north; other neighbouring countries include Syria and Lebanon to the east, Israel to the southeast, Egypt to the south, and Greece to the west-north-west.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002954" + }, + "Democratic Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001086]": { + "text": "Democratic Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001086]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Central Europe. It has borders with Poland to the north, Germany to the northwest and southwest, Austria to the south, and Slovakia to the east. The capital and largest city is Prague. The country is composed of the historic regions of Bohemia and Moravia, as well as parts of Silesia. Since 2000, the Czech Republic is divided into thirteen regions (kraje, singular kraj) and the capital city of Prague. The older seventy-six districts (okresy, singular okres) including three 'statutory cities' (without Prague, which had special status) were disbanded in 1999 in an administrative reform; they remain as territorial division and seats of various branches of state administration. Since 2003-01-01, the regions have been divided into around 203 Municipalities with Extended Competence (unofficially named \"Little Districts\" (Czech: 'male okresy') which took over most of the administration of the former District Authorities. Some of these are further divided into Municipalities with Commissioned Local Authority. However, the old districts still exist as territorial units and remain as seats of some of the offices.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001086" + }, + "Denmark [GAZ:00005852]": { + "text": "Denmark [GAZ:00005852]", + "description": "A country of central Africa. It borders the Central African Republic and Sudan on the north, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi on the east, Zambia and Angola on the south, the Republic of the Congo on the west, and is separated from Tanzania by Lake Tanganyika on the east. The country enjoys access to the ocean through a 40 km stretch of Atlantic coastline at Muanda and the roughly 9 km wide mouth of the Congo river which opens into the Gulf of Guinea. Congo Kinshasa is now divided into 11 Provinces, to be redistributed into 25 Provinces from 2.2009. Each Province is divided into Zones.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005852" + }, + "Djibouti [GAZ:00000582]": { + "text": "Djibouti [GAZ:00000582]", + "description": "That part of the Kingdom of Denmark located in continental Europe. The mainland is bordered to the south by Germany; Denmark is located to the southwest of Sweden and the south of Norway. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland (Jylland) and a large number of islands, most notably Zealand (Sjaelland), Funen (Fyn), Vendsyssel-Thy, Lolland, Falster and Bornholm as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000582" + }, + "Dominica [GAZ:00006890]": { + "text": "Dominica [GAZ:00006890]", + "description": "A country in eastern Africa. Djibouti is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. On the other side of the Red Sea, on the Arabian Peninsula, 20 km from the coast of Djibouti, is Yemen. The capital of Djibouti is the city of Djibouti. Djibouti is divided into 5 regions and one city. It is further subdivided into 11 districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006890" + }, + "Dominican Republic [GAZ:00003952]": { + "text": "Dominican Republic [GAZ:00003952]", + "description": "An island nation in the Caribbean Sea. Dominica is divided into ten parishes.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003952" + }, + "Ecuador [GAZ:00002912]": { + "text": "Ecuador [GAZ:00002912]", + "description": "A country in the West Indies that occupies the E two-thirds of the Hispaniola island. The Dominican Republic's shores are washed by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Sea to the south. The Mona Passage, a channel about 130 km wide, separates the country (and the Hispaniola) from Puerto Rico. The Dominican Republic is divided into 31 provinces. Additionally, the national capital, Santo Domingo, is contained within its own Distrito Nacional (National District). The provinces are divided into municipalities (municipios; singular municipio).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002912" + }, + "Egypt [GAZ:00003934]": { + "text": "Egypt [GAZ:00003934]", + "description": "A country in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, by Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. The country also includes the Galapagos Islands (Archipelago de Colon) in the Pacific, about 965 km west of the mainland. Ecuador is divided into 24 provinces, divided into 199 cantons and subdivided into parishes (or parroquias).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003934" + }, + "El Salvador [GAZ:00002935]": { + "text": "El Salvador [GAZ:00002935]", + "description": "A country in North Africa that includes the Sinai Peninsula, a land bridge to Asia. Egypt borders Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, and the Gaza Strip and Israel to the east. The northern coast borders the Mediterranean Sea and the island of Cyprus; the eastern coast borders the Red Sea. Egypt is divided into 26 governorates (in Arabic, called muhafazat, singular muhafazah). The governorates are further divided into regions (markazes).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002935" + }, + "Equatorial Guinea [GAZ:00001091]": { + "text": "Equatorial Guinea [GAZ:00001091]", + "description": "A country in Central America, bordering the Pacific Ocean between Guatemala and Honduras. El Salvador is divided into 14 departments (departamentos), which, in turn, are subdivided into 267 municipalities (municipios).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001091" + }, + "Eritrea [GAZ:00000581]": { + "text": "Eritrea [GAZ:00000581]", + "description": "A country in Central Africa. It is one of the smallest countries in continental Africa, and comprises two regions: Rio Muni, continental region including several offshore islands; and Insular Region containing Annobon island in the South Atlantic Ocean, and Bioko island (formerly Fernando Po) that contains the capital, Malabo. Equatorial Guinea is divided into seven provinces which are divided into districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000581" + }, + "Estonia [GAZ:00002959]": { + "text": "Estonia [GAZ:00002959]", + "description": "A country situated in northern East Africa. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The east and northeast of the country have an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea. Eritrea is divided into six regions (zobas) and subdivided into districts (\"sub-zobas\").", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002959" + }, + "Eswatini [GAZ:00001099]": { + "text": "Eswatini [GAZ:00001099]", + "description": "A country in Northern Europe. Estonia has land borders to the south with Latvia and to the east with Russia. It is separated from Finland in the north by the Gulf of Finland and from Sweden in the west by the Baltic Sea. Estonia is divided into 15 counties. (maakonnad; sing. - maakond). Estonian counties are divided into rural (vallad, singular vald) and urban (linnad, singular linn; alevid, singular alev; alevikud, singular alevik) municipalities. The municipalities comprise populated places (asula or asustusuksus) - various settlements and territorial units that have no administrative function. A group of populated places form a rural municipality with local administration. Most towns constitute separate urban municipalities, while some have joined with surrounding rural municipalities.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001099" + }, + "Ethiopia [GAZ:00000567]": { + "text": "Ethiopia [GAZ:00000567]", + "description": "A small, landlocked country in Africa embedded between South Africa in the west, north and south and Mozambique in the east. Swaziland is divided into four districts, each of which is divided into Tinkhundla (singular, Inkhundla).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000567" + }, + "Europa Island [GAZ:00005811]": { + "text": "Europa Island [GAZ:00005811]", + "description": "A country situated in the Horn of Africa that has been landlocked since the independence of its northern neighbor Eritrea in 1993. Apart from Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia is bordered by Sudan to the west, Kenya to the south, Djibouti to the northeast, and Somalia to the east. Since 1996 Ethiopia has had a tiered government system consisting of a federal government overseeing ethnically-based regional states, zones, districts (woredas), and neighborhoods (kebele). It is divided into nine ethnically-based administrative states (kililoch, singular kilil) and subdivided into sixty-eight zones and two chartered cities (astedader akababiwoch, singular astedader akababi): Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa. It is further subdivided into 550 woredas and six special woredas.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005811" + }, + "Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) [GAZ:00001412]": { + "text": "Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) [GAZ:00001412]", + "description": "A 28 km2 low-lying tropical island in the Mozambique Channel, about a third of the way from southern Madagascar to southern Mozambique.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001412" + }, + "Faroe Islands [GAZ:00059206]": { + "text": "Faroe Islands [GAZ:00059206]", + "description": "An archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, located 483 km from the coast of Argentina, 1,080 km west of the Shag Rocks (South Georgia), and 940 km north of Antarctica (Elephant Island). They consist of two main islands, East Falkland and West Falkland, together with 776 smaller islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00059206" + }, + "Fiji [GAZ:00006891]": { + "text": "Fiji [GAZ:00006891]", + "description": "An autonomous province of the Kingdom of Denmark since 1948 located in the Faroes. Administratively, the islands are divided into 34 municipalities (kommunur) within which 120 or so cities and villages lie.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006891" + }, + "Finland [GAZ:00002937]": { + "text": "Finland [GAZ:00002937]", + "description": "An island nation in the South Pacific Ocean east of Vanuatu, west of Tonga and south of Tuvalu. The country occupies an archipelago of about 322 islands, of which 106 are permanently inhabited, and 522 islets. The two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, account for 87% of the population.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002937" + }, + "France [GAZ:00003940]": { + "text": "France [GAZ:00003940]", + "description": "A Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It has borders with Sweden to the west, Russia to the east, and Norway to the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland. The capital city is Helsinki. Finland is divided into six administrative provinces (laani, plural laanit). These are divided into 20 regions (maakunt), 77 subregions (seutukunta) and then into municipalities (kunta).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003940" + }, + "French Guiana [GAZ:00002516]": { + "text": "French Guiana [GAZ:00002516]", + "description": "A part of the country of France that extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Metropolitan France is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra, and Spain. Due to its overseas departments.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002516" + }, + "French Polynesia [GAZ:00002918]": { + "text": "French Polynesia [GAZ:00002918]", + "description": "An overseas department (departement d'outre-mer) of France, located on the northern coast of South America. It is bordered by Suriname, to the E, and Brazil, to the S and W, and by the North Atlantic Ocean, to the N. French Guiana is divided into 2 departmental arrondissements, 19 cantons and 22 communes.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002918" + }, + "French Southern and Antarctic Lands [GAZ:00003753]": { + "text": "French Southern and Antarctic Lands [GAZ:00003753]", + "description": "A French overseas collectivity in the southern Pacific Ocean. It is made up of several groups of Polynesian islands. French Polynesia has five administrative subdivisions (French: subdivisions administratives).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003753" + }, + "Gabon [GAZ:00001092]": { + "text": "Gabon [GAZ:00001092]", + "description": "The French Southern and Antarctic Lands have formed a territoire d'outre-mer (an overseas territory) of France since 1955. The territory is divided into five districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001092" + }, + "Gambia [GAZ:00000907]": { + "text": "Gambia [GAZ:00000907]", + "description": "A country in west central Africa sharing borders with Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Republic of the Congo and the Gulf of Guinea. The capital and largest city is Libreville. Gabon is divided into 9 provinces and further divided into 37 departments.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000907" + }, + "Gaza Strip [GAZ:00009571]": { + "text": "Gaza Strip [GAZ:00009571]", + "description": "A country in Western Africa. It is the smallest country on the African continental mainland and is bordered to the north, east, and south by Senegal, and has a small coast on the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Flowing through the centre of the country and discharging to the Atlantic Ocean is the Gambia River. The Gambia is divided into five divisions and one city (Banjul). The divisions are further subdivided into 37 districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00009571" + }, + "Georgia [GAZ:00004942]": { + "text": "Georgia [GAZ:00004942]", + "description": "A Palestinian enclave on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Egypt on the southwest for 11 kilometers (6.8 mi) and Israel on the east and north along a 51 km (32 mi) border. Gaza and the West Bank are claimed by the de jure sovereign State of Palestine.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004942" + }, + "Germany [GAZ:00002646]": { + "text": "Germany [GAZ:00002646]", + "description": "A Eurasian country in the Caucasus located at the east coast of the Black Sea. In the north, Georgia has a 723 km common border with Russia, specifically with the Northern Caucasus federal district. The following Russian republics/subdivisions: from west to east: border Georgia: Krasnodar Krai, Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia-Alania, Ingushetia, Chechnya, Dagestan. Georgia also shares borders with Azerbaijan (322 km) to the south-east, Armenia (164 km) to the south, and Turkey (252 km) to the south-west. It is a transcontinental country, located at the juncture of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. Georgia is divided into 9 regions, 2 autonomous republics (avtonomiuri respublika), and 1 city (k'alak'i). The regions are further subdivided into 69 districts (raioni).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002646" + }, + "Ghana [GAZ:00000908]": { + "text": "Ghana [GAZ:00000908]", + "description": "A country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Germany comprises 16 states (Lander, Bundeslander), which are further subdivided into 439 districts (Kreise/Landkreise) and cities (kreisfreie Stadte).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000908" + }, + "Gibraltar [GAZ:00003987]": { + "text": "Gibraltar [GAZ:00003987]", + "description": "A country in West Africa. It borders Cote d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, Togo to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. Ghana is a divided into 10 regions, subdivided into a total of 138 districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003987" + }, + "Glorioso Islands [GAZ:00005808]": { + "text": "Glorioso Islands [GAZ:00005808]", + "description": "A British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar. The territory shares a border with Spain to the north.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005808" + }, + "Greece [GAZ:00002945]": { + "text": "Greece [GAZ:00002945]", + "description": "A group of islands and rocks totalling 5 km2, in the northern Mozambique channel, about 160 km northwest of Madagascar.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002945" + }, + "Greenland [GAZ:00001507]": { + "text": "Greenland [GAZ:00001507]", + "description": "A country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula. It has borders with Albania, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east and south of mainland Greece, while the Ionian Sea lies to the west. Both parts of the Eastern Mediterranean basin feature a vast number of islands. Greece consists of thirteen peripheries subdivided into a total of fifty-one prefectures (nomoi, singular nomos). There is also one autonomous area, Mount Athos, which borders the periphery of Central Macedonia.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001507" + }, + "Grenada [GAZ:02000573]": { + "text": "Grenada [GAZ:02000573]", + "description": "A self-governing Danish province located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.", + "meaning": "GAZ:02000573" + }, + "Guadeloupe [GAZ:00067142]": { + "text": "Guadeloupe [GAZ:00067142]", + "description": "An island country in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at the southern end of the Grenadines island chain. Grenada consists of the island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, Carriacou and Petite Martinique, and several small islands which lie to the north of the main island and are a part of the Grenadines. It is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, northeast of Venezuela and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Its size is 348.5 square kilometres (134.6 sq mi), and it had an estimated population of 112,523 in July 2020.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00067142" + }, + "Guam [GAZ:00003706]": { + "text": "Guam [GAZ:00003706]", + "description": "An archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands—Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the two inhabited Îles des Saintes—as well as many uninhabited islands and outcroppings. It is south of Antigua and Barbuda and Montserrat, and north of Dominica.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003706" + }, + "Guatemala [GAZ:00002936]": { + "text": "Guatemala [GAZ:00002936]", + "description": "An organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic center of the U.S.); in Oceania, it is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands and the largest island in Micronesia.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002936" + }, + "Guernsey [GAZ:00001550]": { + "text": "Guernsey [GAZ:00001550]", + "description": "A country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the northwest, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize and the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast. Guatemala is divided into 22 departments (departamentos) and sub-divided into about 332 municipalities (municipios).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001550" + }, + "Guinea [GAZ:00000909]": { + "text": "Guinea [GAZ:00000909]", + "description": "A British Crown Dependency in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000909" + }, + "Guinea-Bissau [GAZ:00000910]": { + "text": "Guinea-Bissau [GAZ:00000910]", + "description": "A nation in West Africa, formerly known as French Guinea. Guinea's territory has a curved shape, with its base at the Atlantic Ocean, inland to the east, and turning south. The base borders Guinea-Bissau and Senegal to the north, and Mali to the north and north-east; the inland part borders Cote d'Ivoire to the south-east, Liberia to the south, and Sierra Leone to the west of the southern tip.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000910" + }, + "Guyana [GAZ:00002522]": { + "text": "Guyana [GAZ:00002522]", + "description": "A country in western Africa, and one of the smallest nations in continental Africa. It is bordered by Senegal to the north, and Guinea to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west. Formerly the Portuguese colony of Portuguese Guinea, upon independence, the name of its capital, Bissau, was added to the country's name in order to prevent confusion between itself and the Republic of Guinea.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002522" + }, + "Haiti [GAZ:00003953]": { + "text": "Haiti [GAZ:00003953]", + "description": "A country in the N of South America. Guyana lies north of the equator, in the tropics, and is located on the Atlantic Ocean. Guyana is bordered to the east by Suriname, to the south and southwest by Brazil and to the west by Venezuela. Guyana is divided into 10 regions. The regions of Guyana are divided into 27 neighborhood councils.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003953" + }, + "Heard Island and McDonald Islands [GAZ:00009718]": { + "text": "Heard Island and McDonald Islands [GAZ:00009718]", + "description": "A country located in the Greater Antilles archipelago on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Haiti is divided into 10 departments. The departments are further divided into 41 arrondissements, and 133 communes which serve as second and third level administrative divisions.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00009718" + }, + "Honduras [GAZ:00002894]": { + "text": "Honduras [GAZ:00002894]", + "description": "An Australian external territory comprising a volcanic group of mostly barren Antarctic islands, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002894" + }, + "Hong Kong [GAZ:00003203]": { + "text": "Hong Kong [GAZ:00003203]", + "description": "A republic in Central America. The country is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea. Honduras is divided into 18 departments. The capital city is Tegucigalpa Central District of the department of Francisco Morazan.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003203" + }, + "Howland Island [GAZ:00007120]": { + "text": "Howland Island [GAZ:00007120]", + "description": "A special administrative region of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The territory lies on the eastern side of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Guangdong province in the north and facing the South China Sea in the east, west and south. Hong Kong was a crown colony of the United Kingdom from 1842 until the transfer of its sovereignty to the People's Republic of China in 1997.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007120" + }, + "Hungary [GAZ:00002952]": { + "text": "Hungary [GAZ:00002952]", + "description": "An uninhabited coral island located just north of the equator in the central Pacific Ocean, about 3,100 km (1,670 nm) southwest of Honolulu. The island is almost half way between Hawaii and Australia and is an unincorporated, unorganized territory of the United States, and is often included as one of the Phoenix Islands. For statistical purposes, Howland is grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002952" + }, + "Iceland [GAZ:00000843]": { + "text": "Iceland [GAZ:00000843]", + "description": "A landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. Its capital is Budapest. Hungary is divided into 19 counties (megyek, singular: megye). In addition, the capital city (fovaros), Budapest, is independent of any county government. The counties are further subdivided into 173 subregions (kistersegek), and Budapest is comprised of its own subregion. Since 1996, the counties and City of Budapest have been grouped into 7 regions for statistical and development purposes. These seven regions constitute NUTS second-level units of Hungary.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000843" + }, + "India [GAZ:00002839]": { + "text": "India [GAZ:00002839]", + "description": "A country in northern Europe, comprising the island of Iceland and its outlying islands in the North Atlantic Ocean between the rest of Europe and Greenland.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002839" + }, + "Indonesia [GAZ:00003727]": { + "text": "Indonesia [GAZ:00003727]", + "description": "A country in South Asia. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517 km. It borders Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and Indonesia in the Indian Ocean. India is a federal republic of twenty-eight states and seven Union Territories. Each state or union territory is divided into basic units of government and administration called districts. There are nearly 600 districts in India. The districts in turn are further divided into tehsils and eventually into villages.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003727" + }, + "Iran [GAZ:00004474]": { + "text": "Iran [GAZ:00004474]", + "description": "An archipelagic state in Southeast Asia. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia consists of 33 provinces, five of which have special status. The provinces are subdivided into regencies (kabupaten, distrik in Papua and West Papua Provinces) and cities (kota), which are further subdivided into subdistricts (kecamatan), and again into village groupings (either desa or kelurahan).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004474" + }, + "Iraq [GAZ:00004483]": { + "text": "Iraq [GAZ:00004483]", + "description": "A country in Central Eurasia. Iran is bounded by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south and the Caspian Sea to its north. It borders Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and Turkey and Iraq to the west. Iran is divided into 30 provinces (ostan). The provinces are divided into counties (shahrestan), and subdivided into districts (bakhsh) and sub-districts (dehestan).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004483" + }, + "Ireland [GAZ:00002943]": { + "text": "Ireland [GAZ:00002943]", + "description": "A country in the Middle East spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert. It shares borders with Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the west, Syria to the northwest, Turkey to the north, and Iran to the east. It has a very narrow section of coastline at Umm Qasr on the Persian Gulf. There are two major flowing rivers: the Tigris and the Euphrates. Iraq is divided into 18 governorates (or provinces) (muhafazah). The governorates are divided into qadhas (or districts).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002943" + }, + "Isle of Man [GAZ:00052477]": { + "text": "Isle of Man [GAZ:00052477]", + "description": "A country in north-western Europe. The modern sovereign state occupies five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was partitioned in 1921. It is bordered by Northern Ireland (part of the United Kingdom) to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and by the Irish Sea to the east. Administration follows the 34 \"county-level\" counties and cities of Ireland. Of these twenty-nine are counties, governed by county councils while the five cities of Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway and Waterford have city councils, (previously known as corporations), and are administered separately from the counties bearing those names. The City of Kilkenny is the only city in the republic which does not have a \"city council\"; it is still a borough but not a county borough and is administered as part of County Kilkenny. Ireland is split into eight regions for NUTS statistical purposes. These are not related to the four traditional provinces but are based on the administrative counties.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00052477" + }, + "Israel [GAZ:00002476]": { + "text": "Israel [GAZ:00002476]", + "description": "A Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the centre of the Irish Sea. It is not part of the United Kingdom, European Union or United Nations.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002476" + }, + "Italy [GAZ:00002650]": { + "text": "Italy [GAZ:00002650]", + "description": "A country in Western Asia located on the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest. The West Bank and Gaza Strip, which are partially administrated by the Palestinian National Authority, are also adjacent. The State of Israel is divided into six main administrative districts, known as mehozot (singular mahoz). Districts are further divided into fifteen sub-districts known as nafot (singular: nafa), which are themselves partitioned into fifty natural regions.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002650" + }, + "Jamaica [GAZ:00003781]": { + "text": "Jamaica [GAZ:00003781]", + "description": "A country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within the Italian Peninsula, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. Italy is subdivided into 20 regions (regioni, singular regione). Five of these regions have a special autonomous status that enables them to enact legislation on some of their local matters. It is further divided into 109 provinces (province) and 8,101 municipalities (comuni).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003781" + }, + "Jan Mayen [GAZ:00005853]": { + "text": "Jan Mayen [GAZ:00005853]", + "description": "A nation of the Greater Antilles. Jamaica is divided into 14 parishes, which are grouped into three historic counties that have no administrative relevance.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005853" + }, + "Japan [GAZ:00002747]": { + "text": "Japan [GAZ:00002747]", + "description": "A volcanic island that is part of the Kingdom of Norway, It has two parts: larger Nord-Jan and smaller Sor-Jan, linked by an isthmus 2.5 km wide. It lies 600 km north of Iceland, 500 km east of Greenland and 1,000 km west of the Norwegian mainland. The island is mountainous, the highest summit being the Beerenberg volcano in the north. The isthmus is the location of the two largest lakes of the island, Sorlaguna (South Lagoon), and Nordlaguna (North Lagoon). A third lake is called Ullerenglaguna (Ullereng Lagoon). Jan Mayen was formed by the Jan Mayen hotspot.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002747" + }, + "Jarvis Island [GAZ:00007118]": { + "text": "Jarvis Island [GAZ:00007118]", + "description": "An island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007118" + }, + "Jersey [GAZ:00001551]": { + "text": "Jersey [GAZ:00001551]", + "description": "An uninhabited 4.5 km2 coral atoll located in the South Pacific Ocean about halfway between Hawaii and the Cook Islands. It is an unincorporated territory of the United States administered from Washington, DC by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service of the United States Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system. Jarvis is one of the southern Line Islands and for statistical purposes is also grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. Sits atop the Jarvis Seamount.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001551" + }, + "Johnston Atoll [GAZ:00007114]": { + "text": "Johnston Atoll [GAZ:00007114]", + "description": "A British Crown Dependency[6] off the coast of Normandy, France. As well as the island of Jersey itself, the bailiwick includes two groups of small islands that are no longer permanently inhabited, the Minquiers and Ecrehous, and the Pierres de Lecq.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007114" + }, + "Jordan [GAZ:00002473]": { + "text": "Jordan [GAZ:00002473]", + "description": "A 130 km2 atoll in the North Pacific Ocean about 1400 km (750 nm) west of Hawaii. There are four islands located on the coral reef platform, two natural islands, Johnston Island and Sand Island, which have been expanded by coral dredging, as well as North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina), artificial islands formed from coral dredging. Johnston is an unincorporated territory of the United States, administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior as part of the United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges. Sits atop Johnston Seamount.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002473" + }, + "Juan de Nova Island [GAZ:00005809]": { + "text": "Juan de Nova Island [GAZ:00005809]", + "description": "A country in Southwest Asia, bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the north-east, Israel and the West Bank to the west, and Saudi Arabia to the east and south. It shares the coastlines of the Dead Sea, and the Gulf of Aqaba with Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt. Jordan is divided into 12 provinces called governorates. The Governorates are subdivided into approximately fifty-two nahias.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005809" + }, + "Kazakhstan [GAZ:00004999]": { + "text": "Kazakhstan [GAZ:00004999]", + "description": "A 4.4 km2 low, flat, tropical island in the narrowest part of the Mozambique Channel, about one-third of the way between Madagascar and Mozambique.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004999" + }, + "Kenya [GAZ:00001101]": { + "text": "Kenya [GAZ:00001101]", + "description": "A country in Central Asia and Europe. It is bordered by Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and China. The country also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. Kazakhstan is divided into 14 provinces and two municipal districts. The provinces of Kazakhstan are divided into raions.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001101" + }, + "Kerguelen Archipelago [GAZ:00005682]": { + "text": "Kerguelen Archipelago [GAZ:00005682]", + "description": "A country in Eastern Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north, Somalia to the east, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, and Sudan to the northwest, with the Indian Ocean running along the southeast border. Kenya comprises eight provinces each headed by a Provincial Commissioner (centrally appointed by the president). The provinces (mkoa singular mikoa plural in Swahili) are subdivided into districts (wilaya). There were 69 districts as of 1999 census. Districts are then subdivided into 497 divisions (taarafa). The divisions are then subdivided into 2,427 locations (kata) and then 6,612 sublocations (kata ndogo). The City of Nairobi enjoys the status of a full administrative province.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005682" + }, + "Kingman Reef [GAZ:00007116]": { + "text": "Kingman Reef [GAZ:00007116]", + "description": "A group of islands in the southern Indian Ocean. It is a territory of France. They are composed primarily of Tertiary flood basalts and a complex of plutonic rocks. The trachybasaltic-to-trachytic Mount Ross stratovolcano at the southern end was active during the late Pleistocene. The Rallier du Baty Peninsula on the SW tip of the island contains two youthful subglacial eruptive centers, Mont St. Allouarn and Mont Henri Rallier du Baty. An active fumarole field is related to a series of Holocene trachytic lava flows and lahars that extend beyond the icecap.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007116" + }, + "Kiribati [GAZ:00006894]": { + "text": "Kiribati [GAZ:00006894]", + "description": "A largely submerged, uninhabited tropical atoll located in the North Pacific Ocean, roughly half way between Hawaiian Islands and American Samoa. It is the northernmost of the Northern Line Islands and lies 65 km NNW of Palmyra Atoll, the next closest island, and has the status of an unincorporated territory of the United States, administered from Washington, DC by the US Navy. Sits atop Kingman Reef Seamount.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006894" + }, + "Kosovo [GAZ:00011337]": { + "text": "Kosovo [GAZ:00011337]", + "description": "An island nation located in the central tropical Pacific Ocean. It is composed of 32 atolls and one raised coral island dispersed over 3,500,000 km2 straddling the equator and bordering the International Date Line to the east. It is divided into three island groups which have no administrative function, including a group which unites the Line Islands and the Phoenix Islands (ministry at London, Christmas). Each inhabited island has its own council (three councils on Tarawa: Betio, South-Tarawa, North-Tarawa; two councils on Tabiteuea).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00011337" + }, + "Kuwait [GAZ:00005285]": { + "text": "Kuwait [GAZ:00005285]", + "description": "A country on the Balkan Peninsula. Kosovo borders Central Serbia to the north and east, Montenegro to the northwest, Albania to the west and the Republic of Macedonia to the south. Kosovo is divided into 7 districts (Rreth) and 30 municipalities. Serbia does not recognise the unilateral secession of Kosovo[8] and considers it a United Nations-governed entity within its sovereign territory, the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005285" + }, + "Kyrgyzstan [GAZ:00006893]": { + "text": "Kyrgyzstan [GAZ:00006893]", + "description": "A sovereign emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed by Saudi Arabia to the south and Iraq to the north and west. Kuwait is divided into six governorates (muhafazat, singular muhafadhah).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006893" + }, + "Laos [GAZ:00006889]": { + "text": "Laos [GAZ:00006889]", + "description": "A country in Central Asia. Landlocked and mountainous, it is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the southwest and China to the east. Kyrgyzstan is divided into seven provinces (oblast. The capital, Bishkek, and the second large city Osh are administratively the independent cities (shaar) with a status equal to a province. Each province comprises a number of districts (raions).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006889" + }, + "Latvia [GAZ:00002958]": { + "text": "Latvia [GAZ:00002958]", + "description": "A landlocked country in southeast Asia, bordered by Burma (Myanmar) and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south, and Thailand to the west. Laos is divided into sixteen provinces (qwang) and Vientiane Capital (Na Kone Luang Vientiane). The provinces further divided into districts (muang).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002958" + }, + "Lebanon [GAZ:00002478]": { + "text": "Lebanon [GAZ:00002478]", + "description": "A country in Northern Europe. Latvia shares land borders with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south, and both Russia and Belarus to the east. It is separated from Sweden in the west by the Baltic Sea. The capital of Latvia is Riga. Latvia is divided into 26 districts (raioni). There are also seven cities (lielpilsetas) that have a separate status. Latvia is also historically, culturally and constitutionally divided in four or more distinct regions.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002478" + }, + "Lesotho [GAZ:00001098]": { + "text": "Lesotho [GAZ:00001098]", + "description": "A small, mostly mountainous country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon is divided into six governorates (mohaafazaat, which are further subdivided into twenty-five districts (aqdya, singular: qadaa).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001098" + }, + "Liberia [GAZ:00000911]": { + "text": "Liberia [GAZ:00000911]", + "description": "A land-locked country, entirely surrounded by the Republic of South Africa. Lesotho is divided into ten districts; these are further subdivided into 80 constituencies, which consists of 129 local community councils.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000911" + }, + "Libya [GAZ:00000566]": { + "text": "Libya [GAZ:00000566]", + "description": "A country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, and the Atlantic Ocean.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000566" + }, + "Liechtenstein [GAZ:00003858]": { + "text": "Liechtenstein [GAZ:00003858]", + "description": "A country in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west. There are thirty-four municipalities of Libya, known by the Arabic term sha'biyat (singular sha'biyah). These came recently (in the 1990s to replaced old Baladiyat systam. The Baladiyat system in turn was introduced to replace the system of muhafazah (governorates or provinces) that existed from the 1960s to the 1970s.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003858" + }, + "Line Islands [GAZ:00007144]": { + "text": "Line Islands [GAZ:00007144]", + "description": "A tiny, doubly landlocked alpine country in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland to its west and by Austria to its east. The principality of Liechtenstein is divided into 11 municipalities called Gemeinden (singular Gemeinde). The Gemeinden mostly consist only of a single town. Five of them fall within the electoral district Unterland (the lower county), and the remainder within Oberland (the upper county).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007144" + }, + "Lithuania [GAZ:00002960]": { + "text": "Lithuania [GAZ:00002960]", + "description": "A group of eleven atolls and low coral islands in the central Pacific Ocean south of the Hawaiian Islands, eight of which belong to Kiribati, while three are United States territories that are grouped with the United States Minor Outlying Islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002960" + }, + "Luxembourg [GAZ:00002947]": { + "text": "Luxembourg [GAZ:00002947]", + "description": "A country located along the south-eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, sharing borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of the Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest. Lithuania has a three-tier administrative division: the country is divided into 10 counties (singular apskritis, plural, apskritys) that are further subdivided into 60 municipalities (singular savivaldybe, plural savivaldybes) which consist of over 500 elderates (singular seniunija, plural seniunijos).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002947" + }, + "Macau [GAZ:00003202]": { + "text": "Macau [GAZ:00003202]", + "description": "A small landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. Luxembourg is divided into 3 districts, which are further divided into 12 cantons and then 116 communes. Twelve of the communes have city status, of which the city of Luxembourg is the largest.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003202" + }, + "Madagascar [GAZ:00001108]": { + "text": "Madagascar [GAZ:00001108]", + "description": "One of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China, the other being Hong Kong. Macau lies on the western side of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Guangdong province in the north and facing the South China Sea in the east and south. Macau is situated 60 kmsouthwest of Hong Kong and 145 km from Guangzhou. It consists of the Macau Peninsula itself and the islands of Taipa and Coloane. The peninsula is formed by the Zhujiang (Pearl River) estuary on the east and the Xijiang (West River) on the west. It borders the Zhuhai Special Economic Zone in mainland China.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001108" + }, + "Malawi [GAZ:00001105]": { + "text": "Malawi [GAZ:00001105]", + "description": "An island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa. The main island, also called Madagascar, is the fourth largest island in the world, and is home to 5% of the world's plant and animal species, of which more than 80% are endemic to Madagascar. Most notable are the lemur infraorder of primates, the carnivorous fossa, three endemic bird families and six endemic baobab species. Madagascar is divided into six autonomous provinces (faritany mizakatena), and 22 regions. The regions are further subdivided into 116 districts, 1,548 communes, and 16,969 fokontany.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001105" + }, + "Malaysia [GAZ:00003902]": { + "text": "Malaysia [GAZ:00003902]", + "description": "A country in southeastern Africa. It is bordered by Zambia to the north-west, Tanzania to the north and Mozambique, which surrounds it on the east, south and west. Malawi is divided into three regions (the Northern, Central and Southern regions), which are further divided into twenty-seven districts, which in turn are further divided into 137 traditional authorities and 68 sub-chiefdoms.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003902" + }, + "Maldives [GAZ:00006924]": { + "text": "Maldives [GAZ:00006924]", + "description": "A country in southeastern Africa. It is bordered by Zambia to the north-west, Tanzania to the north and Mozambique, which surrounds it on the east, south and west. Malawi is divided into three regions (the Northern, Central and Southern regions), which are further divided into twenty-seven districts, which in turn are further divided into 137 traditional authorities and 68 sub-chiefdoms.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006924" + }, + "Mali [GAZ:00000584]": { + "text": "Mali [GAZ:00000584]", + "description": "An archipelago which consists of approximately 1,196 coral islands grouped in a double chain of 27 atolls, spread over roughly 90,000 km2.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000584" + }, + "Malta [GAZ:00004017]": { + "text": "Malta [GAZ:00004017]", + "description": "A landlocked country in northern Africa. It borders Algeria on the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the Cote d'Ivoire on the south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west. Mali is divided into 8 regions (regions) and 1 district, and subdivided into 49 cercles, totalling 288 arrondissements.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004017" + }, + "Marshall Islands [GAZ:00007161]": { + "text": "Marshall Islands [GAZ:00007161]", + "description": "A Southern European country and consists of an archipelago situated centrally in the Mediterranean.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007161" + }, + "Martinique [GAZ:00067143]": { + "text": "Martinique [GAZ:00067143]", + "description": "An archipelago that consists of twenty-nine atolls and five isolated islands. The most important atolls and islands form two groups: the Ratak Chain and the Ralik Chain (meaning \"sunrise\" and \"sunset\" chains). Two-thirds of the nation's population lives on Majuro (which is also the capital) and Ebeye. The outer islands are sparsely populated.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00067143" + }, + "Mauritania [GAZ:00000583]": { + "text": "Mauritania [GAZ:00000583]", + "description": "An island and an overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000583" + }, + "Mauritius [GAZ:00003745]": { + "text": "Mauritius [GAZ:00003745]", + "description": "A country in North-West Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the west, by Senegal on the southwest, by Mali on the east and southeast, by Algeria on the northeast, and by Western Sahara on the northwest (most of which is occupied by Morocco). The capital and largest city is Nouakchott, located on the Atlantic coast. Mauritania is divided into 12 regions (regions) and one capital district, which in turn are subdivided into 44 departments (departements).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003745" + }, + "Mayotte [GAZ:00003943]": { + "text": "Mayotte [GAZ:00003943]", + "description": "An island nation off the coast of the African continent in the southwest Indian Ocean, about 900 km east of Madagascar. In addition to the island of Mauritius, the republic includes the islands of St. Brandon, Rodrigues and the Agalega Islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003943" + }, + "Mexico [GAZ:00002852]": { + "text": "Mexico [GAZ:00002852]", + "description": "An overseas collectivity of France consisting of a main island, Grande-Terre (or Mahore), a smaller island, Petite-Terre (or Pamanzi), and several islets around these two.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002852" + }, + "Micronesia [GAZ:00005862]": { + "text": "Micronesia [GAZ:00005862]", + "description": "A federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bounded on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the North Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. The United Mexican States comprise a federation of thirty-one states and a federal district, the capital Mexico City.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005862" + }, + "Midway Islands [GAZ:00007112]": { + "text": "Midway Islands [GAZ:00007112]", + "description": "A subregion of Oceania, comprising hundreds of small islands in the Pacific Ocean. The Philippines lie to the northwest, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Melanesia to the west and southwest, and Polynesia to the east.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007112" + }, + "Moldova [GAZ:00003897]": { + "text": "Moldova [GAZ:00003897]", + "description": "A 6.2 km2 atoll located in the North Pacific Ocean (near the northwestern end of the Hawaiian archipelago). It is an unincorporated territory of the United States, designated an insular area under the authority of the US Department of the Interior.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003897" + }, + "Monaco [GAZ:00003857]": { + "text": "Monaco [GAZ:00003857]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east and south. Moldova is divided into thirty-two districts (raioane, singular raion); three municipalities (Balti, Chisinau, Tighina); and two autonomous regions (Gagauzia and Transnistria). The cities of Comrat and Tiraspol also have municipality status, however not as first-tier subdivisions of Moldova, but as parts of the regions of Gagauzia and Transnistria, respectively. The status of Transnistria is however under dispute. Although it is de jure part of Moldova and is recognized as such by the international community, Transnistria is not de facto under the control of the central government of Moldova. It is administered by an unrecognized breakaway authority under the name Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003857" + }, + "Mongolia [GAZ:00008744]": { + "text": "Mongolia [GAZ:00008744]", + "description": "A small country that is completely bordered by France to the north, west, and south; to the east it is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of a single municipality (commune) currently divided into 4 quartiers and 10 wards.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00008744" + }, + "Montenegro [GAZ:00006898]": { + "text": "Montenegro [GAZ:00006898]", + "description": "A country in East-Central Asia. The landlocked country borders Russia to the north and China to the south. The capital and largest city is Ulan Bator. Mongolia is divided into 21 aimags (provinces), which are in turn divided into 315 sums (districts). The capital Ulan Bator is administrated separately as a khot (municipality) with provincial status.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006898" + }, + "Montserrat [GAZ:00003988]": { + "text": "Montserrat [GAZ:00003988]", + "description": "A country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south and borders Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia and its partially recognized breakaway southern province of Kosovo to the northeast and Albania to the southeast. Its capital and largest city is Podgorica. Montenegro is divided into twenty-one municipalities (opstina), and two urban municipalities, subdivisions of Podgorica municipality.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003988" + }, + "Morocco [GAZ:00000565]": { + "text": "Morocco [GAZ:00000565]", + "description": "A British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands. Montserrat is divided into three parishes.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000565" + }, + "Mozambique [GAZ:00001100]": { + "text": "Mozambique [GAZ:00001100]", + "description": "A country in North Africa. It has a coast on the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. Morocco has international borders with Algeria to the east, Spain to the north (a water border through the Strait and land borders with two small Spanish autonomous cities, Ceuta and Melilla), and Mauritania to the south. Morocco is divided into 16 regions, and subdivided into 62 prefectures and provinces. Because of the conflict over Western Sahara, the status of both regions of \"Saguia el-Hamra\" and \"Rio de Oro\" is disputed.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001100" + }, + "Myanmar [GAZ:00006899]": { + "text": "Myanmar [GAZ:00006899]", + "description": "A country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest. Mozambique is divided into ten provinces (provincias) and one capital city (cidade capital) with provincial status. The provinces are subdivided into 129 districts (distritos). Districts are further divided in \"Postos Administrativos\" (Administrative Posts) and these in Localidades (Localities) the lowest geographical level of central state administration.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006899" + }, + "Namibia [GAZ:00001096]": { + "text": "Namibia [GAZ:00001096]", + "description": "A country in SE Asia that is bordered by China on the north, Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, and India on the northwest, with the Bay of Bengal to the southwest. Myanmar is divided into seven states and seven divisions. The administrative divisions are further subdivided into districts, which are further subdivided into townships, wards, and villages.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001096" + }, + "Nauru [GAZ:00006900]": { + "text": "Nauru [GAZ:00006900]", + "description": "A country in southern Africa on the Atlantic coast. It shares borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east, and South Africa to the south. Namibia is divided into 13 regions and subdivided into 102 constituencies.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006900" + }, + "Navassa Island [GAZ:00007119]": { + "text": "Navassa Island [GAZ:00007119]", + "description": "An island nation in the Micronesian South Pacific. The nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in the Republic of Kiribati, 300 km due east. Nauru is divided into fourteen administrative districts which are grouped into eight electoral constituencies.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007119" + }, + "Nepal [GAZ:00004399]": { + "text": "Nepal [GAZ:00004399]", + "description": "A small, uninhabited island in the Caribbean Sea, and is an unorganized unincorporated territory of the United States, which administers it through the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The island is also claimed by Haiti.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004399" + }, + "Netherlands [GAZ:00002946]": { + "text": "Netherlands [GAZ:00002946]", + "description": "A landlocked nation in South Asia. It is bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China to the northeast and India to the south and west; it is separated from Bhutan by the Indian State of Sikkim and from Bangladesh by a small strip of the Indian State of West Bengal, known as the \"Chicken's Neck\". The Himalaya mountain range runs across Nepal's north and western parts, and eight of the world's ten highest mountains, including the highest, Mount Everest are situated within its territory. Nepal is divided into 14 zones and 75 districts, grouped into 5 development regions.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002946" + }, + "New Caledonia [GAZ:00005206]": { + "text": "New Caledonia [GAZ:00005206]", + "description": "The European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east. The Netherlands is divided into twelve administrative regions, called provinces. All provinces of the Netherlands are divided into municipalities (gemeenten), together 443 (2007).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005206" + }, + "New Zealand [GAZ:00000469]": { + "text": "New Zealand [GAZ:00000469]", + "description": "A \"sui generis collectivity\" (in practice an overseas territory) of France, made up of a main island (Grande Terre), the Loyalty Islands, and several smaller islands. It is located in the region of Melanesia in the southwest Pacific. Administratively, the archipelago is divided into three provinces, and then into 33 communes.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000469" + }, + "Nicaragua [GAZ:00002978]": { + "text": "Nicaragua [GAZ:00002978]", + "description": "A nation in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two large islands (the North Island and the South Island) and numerous smaller islands, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002978" + }, + "Niger [GAZ:00000585]": { + "text": "Niger [GAZ:00000585]", + "description": "A republic in Central America. It is also the least densely populated with a demographic similar in size to its smaller neighbors. The country is bordered by Honduras to the north and by Costa Rica to the south. The Pacific Ocean lies to the west of the country, while the Caribbean Sea lies to the east. For administrative purposes it is divided into 15 departments (departamentos) and two self-governing regions (autonomous communities) based on the Spanish model. The departments are then subdivided into 153 municipios (municipalities). The two autonomous regions are Region Autonoma del Atlantico Norte and Region Autonoma del Atlantico Sur, often referred to as RAAN and RAAS, respectively. Until they were granted autonomy in 1985 they formed the single department of Zelaya.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000585" + }, + "Nigeria [GAZ:00000912]": { + "text": "Nigeria [GAZ:00000912]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east. The capital city is Niamey. Niger is divided into 7 departments and one capital district. The departments are subdivided into 36 arrondissements and further subdivided into 129 communes.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000912" + }, + "Niue [GAZ:00006902]": { + "text": "Niue [GAZ:00006902]", + "description": "A federal constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its coast lies on the Gulf of Guinea, part of the Atlantic Ocean, in the south. The capital city is Abuja. Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006902" + }, + "Norfolk Island [GAZ:00005908]": { + "text": "Norfolk Island [GAZ:00005908]", + "description": "An island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean. Although self-governing, Niue is in free association with New Zealand, meaning that the Sovereign in Right of New Zealand is also Niue's head of state.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005908" + }, + "North Korea [GAZ:00002801]": { + "text": "North Korea [GAZ:00002801]", + "description": "A Territory of Australia that includes Norfolk Island and neighboring islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002801" + }, + "North Macedonia [GAZ:00006895]": { + "text": "North Macedonia [GAZ:00006895]", + "description": "A state in East Asia in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula, with its capital in the city of Pyongyang. To the south and separated by the Korean Demilitarized Zone is South Korea, with which it formed one nation until division following World War II. At its northern Amnok River border are China and, separated by the Tumen River in the extreme north-east, Russia.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006895" + }, + "North Sea [GAZ:00002284]": { + "text": "North Sea [GAZ:00002284]", + "description": "A landlocked country on the Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Serbia and Kosovo to the north, Albania to the west, Greece to the south, and Bulgaria to the east. In 2004-08, the Republic of Macedonia was reorganised into 85 municipalities (opstini; singular opstina), 10 of which comprise Greater Skopje. This is reduced from the previous 123 municipalities established in 1996-09. Prior to this, local government was organised into 34 administrative districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002284" + }, + "Northern Mariana Islands [GAZ:00003958]": { + "text": "Northern Mariana Islands [GAZ:00003958]", + "description": "A sea situated between the eastern coasts of the British Isles and the western coast of Europe.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003958" + }, + "Norway [GAZ:00002699]": { + "text": "Norway [GAZ:00002699]", + "description": "A group of 15 islands about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002699" + }, + "Oman [GAZ:00005283]": { + "text": "Oman [GAZ:00005283]", + "description": "A country and constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. It is bordered by Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The Kingdom of Norway also includes the Arctic island territories of Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norwegian sovereignty over Svalbard is based upon the Svalbard Treaty, but that treaty does not apply to Jan Mayen. Bouvet Island in the South Atlantic Ocean and Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land in Antarctica are external dependencies, but those three entities do not form part of the kingdom.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005283" + }, + "Pakistan [GAZ:00005246]": { + "text": "Pakistan [GAZ:00005246]", + "description": "A country in southwest Asia, on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia on the west, and Yemen on the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the south and east, and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The country also contains Madha, an exclave enclosed by the United Arab Emirates, and Musandam, an exclave also separated by Emirati territory. Oman is divided into four governorates (muhafazah) and five regions (mintaqat). The regions are subdivided into provinces (wilayat).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005246" + }, + "Palau [GAZ:00006905]": { + "text": "Palau [GAZ:00006905]", + "description": "A country in Middle East which lies on the Iranian Plateau and some parts of South Asia. It is located in the region where South Asia converges with Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046 km coastline along the Arabian Sea in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. Pakistan is subdivided into four provinces and two territories. In addition, the portion of Kashmir that is administered by the Pakistani government is divided into two separate administrative units. The provinces are divided into a total of 105 zillas (districts). A zilla is further subdivided into tehsils (roughly equivalent to counties). Tehsils may contain villages or municipalities. There are over five thousand local governments in Pakistan.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006905" + }, + "Panama [GAZ:00002892]": { + "text": "Panama [GAZ:00002892]", + "description": "A nation that consists of eight principal islands and more than 250 smaller ones lying roughly 500 miles southeast of the Philippines.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002892" + }, + "Papua New Guinea [GAZ:00003922]": { + "text": "Papua New Guinea [GAZ:00003922]", + "description": "The southernmost country of Central America. Situated on an isthmus, some categorize it as a transcontinental nation connecting the north and south part of America. It borders Costa Rica to the north-west, Colombia to the south-east, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Panama's major divisions are nine provinces and five indigenous territories (comarcas indigenas). The provincial borders have not changed since they were determined at independence in 1903. The provinces are divided into districts, which in turn are subdivided into sections called corregimientos. Configurations of the corregimientos are changed periodically to accommodate population changes as revealed in the census reports.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003922" + }, + "Paracel Islands [GAZ:00010832]": { + "text": "Paracel Islands [GAZ:00010832]", + "description": "A country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00010832" + }, + "Paraguay [GAZ:00002933]": { + "text": "Paraguay [GAZ:00002933]", + "description": "A group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about one-third of the way from Vietnam to the Philippines.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002933" + }, + "Peru [GAZ:00002932]": { + "text": "Peru [GAZ:00002932]", + "description": "A landlocked country in South America. It lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, bordering Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest, and is located in the very heart of South America. Paraguay consists of seventeen departments and one capital district (distrito capital). Each department is divided into districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002932" + }, + "Philippines [GAZ:00004525]": { + "text": "Philippines [GAZ:00004525]", + "description": "A country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is divided into 25 regions and the province of Lima. These regions are subdivided into provinces, which are composed of districts (provincias and distritos). There are 195 provinces and 1833 districts in Peru. The Lima Province, located in the central coast of the country, is unique in that it doesn't belong to any of the twenty-five regions. The city of Lima, which is the nation's capital, is located in this province. Callao is its own region, even though it only contains one province, the Constitutional Province of Callao.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004525" + }, + "Pitcairn Islands [GAZ:00005867]": { + "text": "Pitcairn Islands [GAZ:00005867]", + "description": "An archipelagic nation located in Southeast Asia. The Philippine archipelago comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean, bordering countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Palau and the Republic of China, although it is the only Southeast Asian country to share no land borders with its neighbors. The Philippines is divided into three island groups: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. These are divided into 17 regions, 81 provinces, 136 cities, 1,494 municipalities and 41,995 barangays.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005867" + }, + "Poland [GAZ:00002939]": { + "text": "Poland [GAZ:00002939]", + "description": "A group of four islands in the southern Pacific Ocean. The Pitcairn Islands form the southeasternmost extension of the geological archipelago of the Tuamotus of French Polynesia.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002939" + }, + "Portugal [GAZ:00004126]": { + "text": "Portugal [GAZ:00004126]", + "description": "A country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The administrative division of Poland since 1999 has been based on three levels of subdivision. The territory of Poland is divided into voivodeships (provinces); these are further divided into powiats (counties), and these in turn are divided into gminas (communes or municipalities). Major cities normally have the status of both gmina and powiat. Poland currently has 16 voivodeships, 379 powiats (including 65 cities with powiat status), and 2,478 gminas.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004126" + }, + "Puerto Rico [GAZ:00006935]": { + "text": "Puerto Rico [GAZ:00006935]", + "description": "That part of the Portugese Republic that occupies the W part of the Iberian Peninsula, and immediately adjacent islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006935" + }, + "Qatar [GAZ:00005286]": { + "text": "Qatar [GAZ:00005286]", + "description": "A semi-autonomous territory composed of an archipelago in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of the Virgin Islands, approximately 2,000 km off the coast of Florida (the nearest of the mainland United States).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005286" + }, + "Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001088]": { + "text": "Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001088]", + "description": "An Arab emirate in Southwest Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south; otherwise the Persian Gulf surrounds the state. Qatar is divided into ten municipalities (Arabic: baladiyah), which are further divided into zones (districts).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001088" + }, + "Reunion [GAZ:00003945]": { + "text": "Reunion [GAZ:00003945]", + "description": "A country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea. The Republic of the Congo is divided into 10 regions (regions) and one commune, the capital Brazzaville. The regions are subdivided into forty-six districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003945" + }, + "Romania [GAZ:00002951]": { + "text": "Romania [GAZ:00002951]", + "description": "An island, located in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar, about 200 km south west of Mauritius, the nearest island.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002951" + }, + "Ross Sea [GAZ:00023304]": { + "text": "Ross Sea [GAZ:00023304]", + "description": "A country in Southeastern Europe. It shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south. Romania has a stretch of sea coast along the Black Sea. It is located roughly in the lower basin of the Danube and almost all of the Danube Delta is located within its territory. Romania is divided into forty-one counties (judete), as well as the municipality of Bucharest (Bucuresti) - which is its own administrative unit. The country is further subdivided into 319 cities and 2686 communes (rural localities).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00023304" + }, + "Russia [GAZ:00002721]": { + "text": "Russia [GAZ:00002721]", + "description": "A large embayment of the Southern Ocean, extending deeply into Antarctica between Cape Adare, at 170degE, on the west and Cape Colbeck on the east, at 158degW.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002721" + }, + "Rwanda [GAZ:00001087]": { + "text": "Rwanda [GAZ:00001087]", + "description": "A transcontinental country extending over much of northern Eurasia. Russia shares land borders with the following countries (counter-clockwise from northwest to southeast): Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast), Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. The Russian Federation comprises 83 federal subjectsm 46 oblasts(provinces), 21 republics, 9 krais (territories), 4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts), one autonomous oblast, and two federal cities. The federal subjects are grouped into seven federal districts. These subjects are divided into districts (raions), cities/towns and urban-type settlements, and, at level 4, selsovets (rural councils), towns and urban-type settlements under the jurisdiction of the district and city districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001087" + }, + "Saint Helena [GAZ:00000849]": { + "text": "Saint Helena [GAZ:00000849]", + "description": "A small landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of east-central Africa, bordered by Uganda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania. Rwanda is divided into five provinces (intara) and subdivided into thirty districts (akarere). The districts are divided into sectors (imirenge).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000849" + }, + "Saint Kitts and Nevis [GAZ:00006906]": { + "text": "Saint Kitts and Nevis [GAZ:00006906]", + "description": "An island of volcanic origin and a British overseas territory in the South Atlantic Ocean.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006906" + }, + "Saint Lucia [GAZ:00006909]": { + "text": "Saint Lucia [GAZ:00006909]", + "description": "A federal two-island nation in the West Indies. Located in the Leeward Islands. Saint Kitts and Nevis are geographically part of the Leeward Islands. To the north-northwest lie the islands of Saint Eustatius, Saba, Saint Barthelemy, and Saint-Martin/Sint Maarten. To the east and northeast are Antigua and Barbuda, and to the southeast is the small uninhabited island of Redonda, and the island of Montserrat. The federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis is divided into fourteen parishes: nine divisions on Saint Kitts and five on Nevis.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006909" + }, + "Saint Pierre and Miquelon [GAZ:00003942]": { + "text": "Saint Pierre and Miquelon [GAZ:00003942]", + "description": "An island nation in the eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary with the Atlantic Ocean.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003942" + }, + "Saint Martin [GAZ:00005841]": { + "text": "Saint Martin [GAZ:00005841]", + "description": "An Overseas Collectivity of France located in a group of small islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, the main ones being Saint Pierre and Miquelon, 25 km off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada. Saint Pierre and Miquelon became an overseas department in 1976, but its status changed to that of an Overseas collectivity in 1985.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005841" + }, + "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [GAZ:02000565]": { + "text": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [GAZ:02000565]", + "description": "An overseas collectivity of France that came into being on 2007-02-22, encompassing the northern parts of the island of Saint Martin and neighboring islets. The southern part of the island, Sint Maarten, is part of the Netherlands Antilles. Formerly, with Saint-Barthelemy, an arrondissement of Guadeloupe.", + "meaning": "GAZ:02000565" + }, + "Samoa [GAZ:00006910]": { + "text": "Samoa [GAZ:00006910]", + "description": "An island nation in the Lesser Antilles chain of the Caribbean Sea.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006910" + }, + "San Marino [GAZ:00003102]": { + "text": "San Marino [GAZ:00003102]", + "description": "A country governing the western part of the Samoan Islands archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean. Samoa is made up of eleven itumalo (political districts).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003102" + }, + "Sao Tome and Principe [GAZ:00006927]": { + "text": "Sao Tome and Principe [GAZ:00006927]", + "description": "A country in the Apennine Mountains. It is a landlocked enclave, completely surrounded by Italy. San Marino is an enclave in Italy, on the border between the regioni of Emilia Romagna and Marche. Its topography is dominated by the Apennines mountain range. San Marino is divided into nine municipalities, known locally as Castelli (singular castello).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006927" + }, + "Saudi Arabia [GAZ:00005279]": { + "text": "Saudi Arabia [GAZ:00005279]", + "description": "An island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Africa. It consists of two islands: Sao Tome and Principe, located about 140 km apart and about 250 and 225 km respectively, off of the northwestern coast of Gabon. Both islands are part of an extinct volcanic mountain range. Sao Tome and Principe is divided into 2 provinces: Principe, Sao Tome. The provinces are further divided into seven districts, six on Sao Tome and one on Principe (with Principe having self-government since 1995-04-29).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005279" + }, + "Senegal [GAZ:00000913]": { + "text": "Senegal [GAZ:00000913]", + "description": "A country on the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Jordan on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west. Saudi Arabia is divided into 13 provinces or regions (manatiq; singular mintaqah). Each is then divided into Governorates.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000913" + }, + "Serbia [GAZ:00002957]": { + "text": "Serbia [GAZ:00002957]", + "description": "A country south of the Senegal River in western Africa. Senegal is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, and Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south. The Gambia lies almost entirely within Senegal, surrounded on the north, east and south; from its western coast Gambia's territory follows the Gambia River more than 300 km inland. Dakar is the capital city of Senegal, located on the Cape Verde Peninsula on the country's Atlantic coast. Senegal is subdivided into 11 regions and further subdivided into 34 Departements, 103 Arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function) and by Collectivites Locales.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002957" + }, + "Seychelles [GAZ:00006922]": { + "text": "Seychelles [GAZ:00006922]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Central and Southeastern Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkan Peninsula. It is bordered by Hungary to the north; Romania and Bulgaria to the east; Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro to the south; Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to the west. The capital is Belgrade. Serbia is divided into 29 districts plus the City of Belgrade. The districts and the city of Belgrade are further divided into municipalities. Serbia has two autonomous provinces: Kosovo and Metohija in the south (5 districts, 30 municipalities), and Vojvodina in the north (7 districts, 46 municipalities).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006922" + }, + "Sierra Leone [GAZ:00000914]": { + "text": "Sierra Leone [GAZ:00000914]", + "description": "An archipelagic island country in the Indian Ocean at the eastern edge of the Somali Sea. It consists of 115 islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000914" + }, + "Singapore [GAZ:00003923]": { + "text": "Singapore [GAZ:00003923]", + "description": "A country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea in the north and east, Liberia in the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest and west. The Republic of Sierra Leone is composed of 3 provinces and one area called the Western Area; the provinces are further divided into 12 districts. The Western Area is also divided into 2 districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003923" + }, + "Sint Maarten [GAZ:00012579]": { + "text": "Sint Maarten [GAZ:00012579]", + "description": "An island nation located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. It lies 137 km north of the Equator, south of the Malaysian State of Johor and north of Indonesia's Riau Islands. Singapore consists of 63 islands, including mainland Singapore. There are two man-made connections to Johor, Malaysia, Johor-Singapore Causeway in the north, and Tuas Second Link in the west. Since 2001-11-24, Singapore has had an administrative subdivision into 5 districts. It is also divided into five Regions, urban planning subdivisions with no administrative role.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00012579" + }, + "Slovakia [GAZ:00002956]": { + "text": "Slovakia [GAZ:00002956]", + "description": "One of five island areas (Eilandgebieden) of the Netherlands Antilles, encompassing the southern half of the island of Saint Martin/Sint Maarten.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002956" + }, + "Slovenia [GAZ:00002955]": { + "text": "Slovenia [GAZ:00002955]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Central Europe. The Slovak Republic borders the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. The largest city is its capital, Bratislava. Slovakia is subdivided into 8 kraje (singular - kraj, usually translated as regions. The kraje are subdivided into many okresy (singular okres, usually translated as districts). Slovakia currently has 79 districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002955" + }, + "Solomon Islands [GAZ:00005275]": { + "text": "Solomon Islands [GAZ:00005275]", + "description": "A country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north. The capital of Slovenia is Ljubljana. As of 2005-05 Slovenia is divided into 12 statistical regions for legal and statistical purposes. Slovenia is divided into 210 local municipalities, eleven of which have urban status.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005275" + }, + "Somalia [GAZ:00001104]": { + "text": "Somalia [GAZ:00001104]", + "description": "A nation in Melanesia, east of Papua New Guinea, consisting of nearly one thousand islands. Together they cover a land mass of 28,400 km2. The capital is Honiara, located on the island of Guadalcanal.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001104" + }, + "South Africa [GAZ:00001094]": { + "text": "South Africa [GAZ:00001094]", + "description": "A country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya on its southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen on its north, the Indian Ocean at its east, and Ethiopia to the west. Prior to the civil war, Somalia was divided into eighteen regions (gobollada, singular gobol), which were in turn subdivided into districts. On a de facto basis, northern Somalia is now divided up among the quasi-independent states of Puntland, Somaliland, Galmudug and Maakhir.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001094" + }, + "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands [GAZ:00003990]": { + "text": "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands [GAZ:00003990]", + "description": "A country located at the southern tip of Africa. It borders the Atlantic and Indian oceans and Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Swaziland, and Lesotho, an independent enclave surrounded by South African territory. It is divided into nine provinces which are further subdivided into 52 districts: 6 metropolitan and 46 district municipalities. The 46 district municipalities are further subdivided into 231 local municipalities. The district municipalities also contain 20 district management areas (mostly game parks) that are directly governed by the district municipalities. The six metropolitan municipalities perform the functions of both district and local municipalities.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003990" + }, + "South Korea [GAZ:00002802]": { + "text": "South Korea [GAZ:00002802]", + "description": "A British overseas territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. It iconsists of South Georgia and the Sandwich Islands, some 640 km to the SE.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002802" + }, + "South Sudan [GAZ:00233439]": { + "text": "South Sudan [GAZ:00233439]", + "description": "A republic in East Asia, occupying the southern half of the Korean Peninsula. South Korea is divided into 8 provinces (do), 1 special autonomous province (teukbyeol jachido), 6 metropolitan cities (gwangyeoksi), and 1 special city (teukbyeolsi). These are further subdivided into a variety of smaller entities, including cities (si), counties (gun), districts (gu), towns (eup), townships (myeon), neighborhoods (dong) and villages (ri).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00233439" + }, + "Spain [GAZ:00003936]": { + "text": "Spain [GAZ:00003936]", + "description": "A state located in Africa with Juba as its capital city. It's bordered by Ethiopia to the east, Kenya, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south, and the Central African Republic to the west and Sudan to the North. Southern Sudan includes the vast swamp region of the Sudd formed by the White Nile, locally called the Bahr el Jebel.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003936" + }, + "Spratly Islands [GAZ:00010831]": { + "text": "Spratly Islands [GAZ:00010831]", + "description": "That part of the Kingdom of Spain that occupies the Iberian Peninsula plus the Balaeric Islands. The Spanish mainland is bordered to the south and east almost entirely by the Mediterranean Sea (except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar); to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00010831" + }, + "Sri Lanka [GAZ:00003924]": { + "text": "Sri Lanka [GAZ:00003924]", + "description": "A group of >100 islands located in the Southeastern Asian group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003924" + }, + "State of Palestine [GAZ:00002475]": { + "text": "State of Palestine [GAZ:00002475]", + "description": "An island nation in South Asia, located about 31 km off the southern coast of India. Sri Lanka is divided into 9 provinces and 25 districts. Districts are divided into Divisional Secretariats.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002475" + }, + "Sudan [GAZ:00000560]": { + "text": "Sudan [GAZ:00000560]", + "description": "The territory under the administration of the Palestine National Authority, as established by the Oslo Accords. The PNA divides the Palestinian territories into 16 governorates.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000560" + }, + "Suriname [GAZ:00002525]": { + "text": "Suriname [GAZ:00002525]", + "description": "A country in North Africa. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. Sudan is divided into twenty-six states (wilayat, singular wilayah) which in turn are subdivided into 133 districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002525" + }, + "Svalbard [GAZ:00005396]": { + "text": "Svalbard [GAZ:00005396]", + "description": "A country in northern South America. It is situated between French Guiana to the east and Guyana to the west. The southern border is shared with Brazil and the northern border is the Atlantic coast. The southernmost border with French Guiana is disputed along the Marowijne river. Suriname is divided into 10 districts, each of which is divided into Ressorten.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005396" + }, + "Swaziland [GAZ:00001099]": { + "text": "Swaziland [GAZ:00001099]", + "description": "An archipelago of continental islands lying in the Arctic Ocean north of mainland Europe, about midway between Norway and the North Pole.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001099" + }, + "Sweden [GAZ:00002729]": { + "text": "Sweden [GAZ:00002729]", + "description": "A small, landlocked country in Africa embedded between South Africa in the west, north and south and Mozambique in the east. Swaziland is divided into four districts, each of which is divided into Tinkhundla (singular, Inkhundla).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002729" + }, + "Switzerland [GAZ:00002941]": { + "text": "Switzerland [GAZ:00002941]", + "description": "A Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It has borders with Norway (west and north) and Finland (northeast). Sweden is a unitary state, currently divided into twenty-one counties (lan). Each county further divides into a number of municipalities or kommuner, with a total of 290 municipalities in 2004.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002941" + }, + "Syria [GAZ:00002474]": { + "text": "Syria [GAZ:00002474]", + "description": "A federal republic in Europe. Switzerland is bordered by Germany, France, Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein. The Swiss Confederation consists of 26 cantons. The Cantons comprise a total of 2,889 municipalities. Within Switzerland there are two enclaves: Busingen belongs to Germany, Campione d'Italia belongs to Italy.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002474" + }, + "Taiwan [GAZ:00005341]": { + "text": "Taiwan [GAZ:00005341]", + "description": "A country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon, the Mediterranean Sea and the island of Cyprus to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north. Syria has fourteen governorates, or muhafazat (singular: muhafazah). The governorates are divided into sixty districts, or manatiq (singular: mintaqah), which are further divided into sub-districts, or nawahi (singular: nahia).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005341" + }, + "Tajikistan [GAZ:00006912]": { + "text": "Tajikistan [GAZ:00006912]", + "description": "A state in East Asia with de facto rule of the island of Tawain and adjacent territory. The Republic of China currently administers two historical provinces of China (one completely and a small part of another one) and centrally administers two direct-controlled municipalities.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006912" + }, + "Tanzania [GAZ:00001103]": { + "text": "Tanzania [GAZ:00001103]", + "description": "A mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and People's Republic of China to the east. Tajikistan consists of 4 administrative divisions. These are the provinces (viloyat) of Sughd and Khatlon, the autonomous province of Gorno-Badakhshan (abbreviated as GBAO), and the Region of Republican Subordination (RRP, Raiony Respublikanskogo Podchineniya in Russian; formerly known as Karotegin Province). Each region is divided into several districts (nohiya or raion).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001103" + }, + "Thailand [GAZ:00003744]": { + "text": "Thailand [GAZ:00003744]", + "description": "A country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda on the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique on the south. To the east it borders the Indian Ocean. Tanzania is divided into 26 regions (mkoa), twenty-one on the mainland and five on Zanzibar (three on Unguja, two on Pemba). Ninety-eight districts (wilaya), each with at least one council, have been created to further increase local authority; the councils are also known as local government authorities. Currently there are 114 councils operating in 99 districts; 22 are urban and 92 are rural. The 22 urban units are further classified as city councils (Dar es Salaam and Mwanza), municipal councils (Arusha, Dodoma, Iringa, Kilimanjaro, Mbeya, Morogoro, Shinyanga, Tabora, and Tanga) or town councils (the remaining eleven communities).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003744" + }, + "Timor-Leste [GAZ:00006913]": { + "text": "Timor-Leste [GAZ:00006913]", + "description": "A country in Southeast Asia. To its east lie Laos and Cambodia; to its south, the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia; and to its west, the Andaman Sea and Burma. Its capital and largest city is Bangkok. Thailand is divided into 75 provinces (changwat), which are gathered into 5 groups of provinces by location. There are also 2 special governed districts: the capital Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon) and Pattaya, of which Bangkok is at provincial level and thus often counted as a 76th province.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006913" + }, + "Togo [GAZ:00000915]": { + "text": "Togo [GAZ:00000915]", + "description": "A country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecussi-Ambeno, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor. The small country of 15,410 km2 is located about 640 km northwest of Darwin, Australia. East Timor is divided into thirteen administrative districts, are subdivided into 65 subdistricts, 443 sucos and 2,336 towns, villages and hamlets.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000915" + }, + "Tokelau [GAZ:00260188]": { + "text": "Tokelau [GAZ:00260188]", + "description": "A country in West Africa bordering Ghana in the west, Benin in the east and Burkina Faso in the north. In the south, it has a short Gulf of Guinea coast, on which the capital Lome is located.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00260188" + }, + "Tonga [GAZ:00006916]": { + "text": "Tonga [GAZ:00006916]", + "description": "A dependent territory of New Zealand in the southern Pacific Ocean. It consists of three tropical coral atolls: Atafu, Nukunonu, and Fakaofo. They have a combined land area of 10 km2 (4 sq mi).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006916" + }, + "Trinidad and Tobago [GAZ:00003767]": { + "text": "Trinidad and Tobago [GAZ:00003767]", + "description": "A Polynesian country, and also an archipelago comprising 169 islands, of which 36 are inhabited. The archipelago's total surface area is about 750 square kilometres (290 sq mi) scattered over 700,000 square kilometres (270,000 sq mi) of the southern Pacific Ocean.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003767" + }, + "Tromelin Island [GAZ:00005812]": { + "text": "Tromelin Island [GAZ:00005812]", + "description": "An archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast of the South American nation of Venezuela and south of Grenada in the Lesser Antilles. It also shares maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast and Guyana to the southeast. The country covers an area of 5,128 km2and consists of two main islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and 21 smaller islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005812" + }, + "Tunisia [GAZ:00000562]": { + "text": "Tunisia [GAZ:00000562]", + "description": "A low, flat 0.8 km2 island in the Indian Ocean, about 350 km east of Madagascar. Tromelin is a low, scrub-covered sandbank about 1,700 m long and 700 m wide, surrounded by coral reefs. The island is 7 m high at its highest point.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000562" + }, + "Turkey [GAZ:00000558]": { + "text": "Turkey [GAZ:00000558]", + "description": "A country situated on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and Libya to the southeast. Tunisia is subdivided into 24 governorates, divided into 262 \"delegations\" or \"districts\" (mutamadiyat), and further subdivided into municipalities (shaykhats).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000558" + }, + "Turkmenistan [GAZ:00005018]": { + "text": "Turkmenistan [GAZ:00005018]", + "description": "A Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace (Rumelia) in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey borders eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west, Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhichevan), and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea and Archipelago are to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. Separating Anatolia and Thrace are the Sea of Marmara and the Turkish Straits (the Bosporus and the Dardanelles), which are commonly reckoned to delineate the border between Asia and Europe, thereby making Turkey transcontinental. The territory of Turkey is subdivided into 81 provinces for administrative purposes. The provinces are organized into 7 regions for census purposes; however, they do not represent an administrative structure. Each province is divided into districts, for a total of 923 districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005018" + }, + "Turks and Caicos Islands [GAZ:00003955]": { + "text": "Turks and Caicos Islands [GAZ:00003955]", + "description": "A country in Central Asia. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the southwest, Uzbekistan to the northeast, Kazakhstan to the northwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west. It was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic. Turkmenistan is divided into five provinces or welayatlar (singular - welayat) and one independent city.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003955" + }, + "Tuvalu [GAZ:00009715]": { + "text": "Tuvalu [GAZ:00009715]", + "description": "A British Overseas Territory consisting of two groups of tropical islands in the West Indies. The Turks and Caicos Islands are divided into six administrative districts (two in the Turks Islands and four in the Caicos Islands.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00009715" + }, + "United States of America [GAZ:00002459]": { + "text": "United States of America [GAZ:00002459]", + "description": "A Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean midway between Hawaii and Australia.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002459" + }, + "Uganda [GAZ:00001102]": { + "text": "Uganda [GAZ:00001102]", + "description": "A federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, DC, the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The State of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to its east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait, and the State of Hawaii is in the mid-Pacific. The United States also possesses several territories, or insular areas, that are scattered around the Caribbean and Pacific. The states are divided into smaller administrative regions, called counties in most states, exceptions being Alaska (parts of the state are organized into subdivisions called boroughs; the rest of the state's territory that is not included in any borough is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). There are also independent cities which are within particular states but not part of any particular county or consolidated city-counties. Another type of organization is where the city and county are unified and function as an independent city. There are thirty-nine independent cities in Virginia and other independent cities or city-counties are San Francisco, California, Baltimore, Maryland, St. Louis, Missouri, Denver, Colorado and Carson City, Nevada. Counties can include a number of cities, towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. Counties have varying degrees of political and legal significance, but they are always administrative divisions of the state. Counties in many states are further subdivided into townships, which, by definition, are administrative divisions of a county. In some states, such as Michigan, a township can file a charter with the state government, making itself into a \"charter township\", which is a type of mixed municipal and township status (giving the township some of the rights of a city without all of the responsibilities), much in the way a metropolitan municipality is a mixed municipality and county.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001102" + }, + "Ukraine [GAZ:00002724]": { + "text": "Ukraine [GAZ:00002724]", + "description": "A landlocked country in East Africa, bordered on the east by Kenya, the north by Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by Tanzania. The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, within which it shares borders with Kenya and Tanzania. Uganda is divided into 80 districts, spread across four administrative regions: Northern, Eastern, Central and Western. The districts are subdivided into counties.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002724" + }, + "United Arab Emirates [GAZ:00005282]": { + "text": "United Arab Emirates [GAZ:00005282]", + "description": "A country in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the east, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. Ukraine is subdivided into twenty-four oblasts (provinces) and one autonomous republic (avtonomna respublika), Crimea. Additionally, the cities of Kiev, the capital, and Sevastopol, both have a special legal status. The 24 oblasts and Crimea are subdivided into 490 raions (districts), or second-level administrative units.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005282" + }, + "United Kingdom [GAZ:00002637]": { + "text": "United Kingdom [GAZ:00002637]", + "description": "A Middle Eastern federation of seven states situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia. The seven states, termed emirates, are Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah, and Umm al-Quwain.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002637" + }, + "Uruguay [GAZ:00002930]": { + "text": "Uruguay [GAZ:00002930]", + "description": "A sovereign island country located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe comprising of the four constituent countries; England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It comprises the island of Great Britain, the northeast part of the island of Ireland and many small islands. Apart from Northern Ireland the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. The largest island, Great Britain, is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002930" + }, + "Uzbekistan [GAZ:00004979]": { + "text": "Uzbekistan [GAZ:00004979]", + "description": "A country located in the southeastern part of South America. It is bordered by Brazil to the north, by Argentina across the bank of both the Uruguay River to the west and the estuary of Rio de la Plata to the southwest, and the South Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. Uraguay consists of 19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00004979" + }, + "Vanuatu [GAZ:00006918]": { + "text": "Vanuatu [GAZ:00006918]", + "description": "A doubly landlocked country in Central Asia, formerly part of the Soviet Union. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south. Uzbekistan is divided into twelve provinces (viloyatlar) one autonomous republic (respublika and one independent city (shahar).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00006918" + }, + "Venezuela [GAZ:00002931]": { + "text": "Venezuela [GAZ:00002931]", + "description": "An island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is 1,750 kilometres (1,090 mi) east of northern Australia, 540 kilometres (340 mi) northeast of New Caledonia, east of New Guinea, southeast of the Solomon Islands, and west of Fiji.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00002931" + }, + "Viet Nam [GAZ:00003756]": { + "text": "Viet Nam [GAZ:00003756]", + "description": "A country on the northern coast of South America. The country comprises a continental mainland and numerous islands located off the Venezuelan coastline in the Caribbean Sea. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela possesses borders with Guyana to the east, Brazil to the south, and Colombia to the west. Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, St. Lucia, Barbados, Curacao, Bonaire, Aruba, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and the Leeward Antilles lie just north, off the Venezuelan coast. Venezuela is divided into twenty-three states (Estados), a capital district (distrito capital) corresponding to the city of Caracas, the Federal Dependencies (Dependencias Federales, a special territory), and Guayana Esequiba (claimed in a border dispute with Guyana). Venezuela is further subdivided into 335 municipalities (municipios); these are subdivided into over one thousand parishes (parroquias).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003756" + }, + "Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003959]": { + "text": "Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003959]", + "description": "The easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It borders the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, alongside China, Laos, and Cambodia.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00003959" + }, + "Wake Island [GAZ:00007111]": { + "text": "Wake Island [GAZ:00007111]", + "description": "A group of islands in the Caribbean that are an insular area of the United States. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles. The US Virgin Islands are an organized, unincorporated United States territory. The US Virgin Islands are administratively divided into two districts and subdivided into 20 sub-districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007111" + }, + "Wallis and Futuna [GAZ:00007191]": { + "text": "Wallis and Futuna [GAZ:00007191]", + "description": "A coral atoll (despite its name) having a coastline of 19 km in the North Pacific Ocean, located about two-thirds of the way from Honolulu (3,700 km west) to Guam (2,430 km east).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00007191" + }, + "West Bank [GAZ:00009572]": { + "text": "West Bank [GAZ:00009572]", + "description": "A Polynesian French island territory (but not part of, or even contiguous with, French Polynesia) in the South Pacific between Fiji and Samoa. It is made up of three main volcanic tropical islands and a number of tiny islets.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00009572" + }, + "Western Sahara [GAZ:00000564]": { + "text": "Western Sahara [GAZ:00000564]", + "description": "A landlocked territory near the Mediterranean coast of Western Asia, bordered by Jordan and the Dead Sea to the east and by Israel to the south, west and north.[2] Under Israeli occupation since 1967, the area is split into 167 Palestinian \"islands\" under partial Palestinian National Authority civil rule, and 230 Israeli settlements into which Israeli law is \"pipelined\".", + "meaning": "GAZ:00000564" + }, + "Yemen [GAZ:00005284]": { + "text": "Yemen [GAZ:00005284]", + "description": "A territory of northwestern Africa, bordered by Morocco to the north, Algeria in the northeast, Mauritania to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean on the west. Western Sahara is administratively divided into four regions.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00005284" + }, + "Zambia [GAZ:00001107]": { + "text": "Zambia [GAZ:00001107]", + "description": "A country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. Yemen is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east. Yemen's territory includes over 200 islands, the largest of which is Socotra, about 415 km to the south of Yemen, off the coast of Somalia. As of 2004-02, Yemen is divided into twenty governorates (muhafazah) and one municipality. The population of each governorate is listed in the table below. The governorates of Yemen are divided into 333 districts (muderiah). The districts are subdivided into 2,210 sub-districts, and then into 38,284 villages (as of 2001).", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001107" + }, + "Zimbabwe [GAZ:00001106]": { + "text": "Zimbabwe [GAZ:00001106]", + "description": "A landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west. The capital city is Lusaka. Zambia is divided into nine provinces. Each province is subdivided into several districts with a total of 73 districts.", + "meaning": "GAZ:00001106" + } + } + } + }, + "slots": { + "sample_collector_sample_ID": { + "name": "sample_collector_sample_ID", + "description": "The user-defined name for the sample.", + "title": "sample_collector_sample_ID", + "comments": [ + "The sample_ID should represent the identifier assigned to the sample at time of collection, for which all the descriptive information applies. If the original sample_ID is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "ABCD123" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001123", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "bioproject_accession": { + "name": "bioproject_accession", + "description": "The INSDC (i.e., ENA, NCBI, or DDBJ) accession number of the BioProject(s) to which the BioSample belongs.", + "title": "BioProject_accession", + "comments": [ + "Store the BioProject accession number. BioProjects are an organizing tool that links together raw sequence data, assemblies, and their associated metadata. Each province will be assigned a different bioproject accession number by the National Microbiology Lab. A valid NCBI BioProject accession has prefix PRJN e.g., PRJNA12345, and is created once at the beginning of a new sequencing project." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "PRJNA608651" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001136", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "biosample_accession": { + "name": "biosample_accession", + "description": "The identifier assigned to a BioSample in INSDC archives.", + "title": "BioSample_accession", + "comments": [ + "Store the accession returned from the BioSample submission. NCBI BioSamples will have the prefix SAMN, while ENA BioSamples will have the prefix SAMEA." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "SAMN14180202" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001139", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email": { + "name": "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the individual responsible for the data governance, (meta)data usage and distribution of the sample.", + "title": "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "Provide the email address of the sample collection data steward. This may or may not be the same individual/organization that collected the sample. If the contact is the same, provide the same address as the \"sample collector contact email\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "bloggsj@aglab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0101107", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collected_by": { + "name": "sample_collected_by", + "description": "The name of the organization with which the sample collector is affiliated.", + "title": "sample_collected_by", + "comments": [ + "The name of the agency should be written out in full, (with minor exceptions) and be consistent across multiple submissions." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Public Health Agency of Canada" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001153", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_name": { + "name": "sample_collection_name", + "description": "The name of the sample collection.", + "title": "sample_collection_name", + "comments": [ + "If the sample is associated with a particular collection, provide the name of the sample collection. Type culture collection names can be referenced here. Private collections and sample collection project names can also be included." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100429", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_ID": { + "name": "sample_collection_ID", + "description": "The identifier associated with the sample collection.", + "title": "sample_collection_ID", + "comments": [ + "If the sample is associated with a particular collection that can be refered to by an identifier, provide the identifier of the sample collection." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "BCRCAMUAMR" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "OBIB:0000001", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_URL": { + "name": "sample_collection_URL", + "description": "The URL associated with online material about a sample collection.", + "title": "sample_collection_URL", + "comments": [ + "If the sample collection has online materials that may be useful for providing context, include the URL associated with the sample collection." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "https://www.jpiamr.eu/projects/b2b2b-amrdx/" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0102067", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collector_contact_email": { + "name": "sample_collector_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sample.", + "title": "sample_collector_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "The email address can represent a specific individual or lab e.g. johnnyblogs@lab.ca, or RespLab@lab.ca" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "WaterTester@facility.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001156", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "geo_loc_name_(country)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(country)", + "description": "The country of origin of the sample.", + "title": "geo_loc_name_(country)", + "comments": [ + "If known, select a value from the pick list." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Canada" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001181", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "GeoLocNameCountryMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)", + "description": "The state/province/territory of origin of the sample.", + "title": "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)", + "comments": [ + "Provide the state/province/territory name from the GAZ geography ontology. Search for geography terms here: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/ontologies/ga" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Western Cape" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001185", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "geo_loc_name_(site)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(site)", + "description": "The name of a specific geographical location e.g. Credit River (rather than river).", + "title": "geo_loc_name_(site)", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the specific geographical site using a specific noun (a word that names a certain place, thing)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Credit River" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100436", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "organism": { + "name": "organism", + "description": "Taxonomic name of the organism.", + "title": "organism", + "comments": [ + "Provide the official nomenclature for the organism present in the sample." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001191", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "OrganismMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "purpose_of_sampling": { + "name": "purpose_of_sampling", + "description": "The reason that the sample was collected.", + "title": "purpose_of_sampling", + "comments": [ + "The reason a sample was collected may provide information about potential biases in sampling strategy. Provide the purpose of sampling from the picklist in the template. Most likely, the sample was collected for Diagnostic testing. The reason why a sample was originally collected may differ from the reason why it was selected for sequencing, which should be indicated in the \"purpose of sequencing\" field." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001198", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "PurposeOfSamplingMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "presampling_activity": { + "name": "presampling_activity", + "description": "The experimental activities or variables that affected the sample collected.", + "title": "presampling_activity", + "comments": [ + "If there was experimental activity that would affect the sample prior to collection (this is different than sample processing), provide the experimental activities by selecting one or more values from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100433", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "PresamplingActivityMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "presampling_activity_details": { + "name": "presampling_activity_details", + "description": "The details of the experimental activities or variables that affected the sample collected.", + "title": "presampling_activity_details", + "comments": [ + "Briefly describe the experimental details using free text." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Chicken feed containing novobiocin was fed to chickens for 72 hours prior to collection of litter." + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100434", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "experimental_specimen_role_type": { + "name": "experimental_specimen_role_type", + "description": "The type of role that the sample represents in the experiment.", + "title": "experimental_specimen_role_type", + "comments": [ + "Samples can play different types of roles in experiments. A sample under study in one experiment may act as a control or be a replicate of another sample in another experiment. This field is used to distinguish samples under study from controls, replicates, etc. If the sample acted as an experimental control or a replicate, select a role type from the picklist. If the sample was not a control, leave blank or select \"Not Applicable\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100921", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "experimental_control_details": { + "name": "experimental_control_details", + "description": "The details regarding the experimental control contained in the sample.", + "title": "experimental_control_details", + "comments": [ + "Provide details regarding the nature of the reference strain used as a control, or what is was used to monitor." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100922", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "specimen_processing": { + "name": "specimen_processing", + "description": "The processing applied to samples post-collection, prior to further testing, characterization, or isolation procedures.", + "title": "specimen_processing", + "comments": [ + "Provide the sample processing information by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Samples pooled [OBI:0600016]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100435", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "SpecimenProcessingMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "specimen_processing_details": { + "name": "specimen_processing_details", + "description": "The details of the processing applied to the sample during or after receiving the sample.", + "title": "specimen_processing_details", + "comments": [ + "Briefly describe the processes applied to the sample." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "25 samples were pooled and further prepared as a single sample during library prep." + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100311", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country)": { + "name": "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country)", + "description": "The country of origin of a food product.", + "title": "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country)", + "comments": [ + "If a food product was sampled and the food product was manufactured outside of Canada, provide the name of the country where the food product originated by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown, cannot be provided, or is not applicable to the sample type, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "United States of America [GAZ:00002459]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100437", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "GeoLocNameCountryMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)": { + "name": "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)", + "description": "The country of origin of the host.", + "title": "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)", + "comments": [ + "If a sample is from a human or animal host that originated from outside of Canada, provide the the name of the country where the host originated by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown, cannot be provided, or is not applicable to the sample type, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "South Africa [GAZ:00001094]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100438", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "GeoLocNameCountryMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_date": { + "name": "sample_collection_date", + "description": "The date on which the sample was collected.", + "title": "sample_collection_date", + "comments": [ + "Provide the date according to the ISO 8601 standard \"YYYY-MM-DD\", \"YYYY-MM\" or \"YYYY\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "2020-10-30" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001174", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "date" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "environmental_site": { + "name": "environmental_site", + "description": "An environmental location may describe a site in the natural or built environment e.g. hospital, wet market, bat cave.", + "title": "environmental_site", + "comments": [ + "If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the environmental site from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001232", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "EnvironmentalSiteMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "environmental_material": { + "name": "environmental_material", + "description": "A substance obtained from the natural or man-made environment e.g. soil, water, sewage, door handle, bed handrail, face mask.", + "title": "environmental_material", + "comments": [ + "If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the environmental material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Wastewater [ENVO:00002001]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001223", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "EnvironmentalMaterialMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "anatomical_material": { + "name": "anatomical_material", + "description": "A substance obtained from an anatomical part of an organism e.g. tissue, blood.", + "title": "anatomical_material", + "comments": [ + "An anatomical material is a substance taken from the body. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Tissue [UBERON:0000479]" + }, + { + "value": "Blood [UBERON:0000178]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001211", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AnatomicalMaterialMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "body_product": { + "name": "body_product", + "description": "A substance excreted/secreted from an organism e.g. feces, urine, sweat.", + "title": "body_product", + "comments": [ + "A body product is a substance produced by the body but meant to be excreted/secreted (i.e. not part of the body). If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the body product from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Feces [UBERON:0001988]" + }, + { + "value": "Urine [UBERON:0001088]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001216", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "BodyProductMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "anatomical_part": { + "name": "anatomical_part", + "description": "An anatomical part of an organism e.g. oropharynx.", + "title": "anatomical_part", + "comments": [ + "An anatomical part is a structure or location in the body. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Cloaca [UBERON:0000162]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001214", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AnatomicalPartMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "food_product": { + "name": "food_product", + "description": "A material consumed and digested for nutritional value or enjoyment.", + "title": "food_product", + "comments": [ + "This field includes animal feed. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100444", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "FoodProductMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "food_product_properties": { + "name": "food_product_properties", + "description": "Any characteristic of the food product pertaining to its state, processing, or implications for consumers.", + "title": "food_product_properties", + "comments": [ + "Provide any characteristics of the food product including whether it has been cooked, processed, preserved, any known information about its state (e.g. raw, ready-to-eat), any known information about its containment (e.g. canned), and any information about a label claim (e.g. organic, fat-free)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100445", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "FoodProductPropertiesMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "collection_device": { + "name": "collection_device", + "description": "The instrument or container used to collect the sample e.g. swab.", + "title": "collection_device", + "comments": [ + "This field includes animal feed. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001234", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "CollectionDeviceMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "collection_method": { + "name": "collection_method", + "description": "The process used to collect the sample e.g. phlebotomy, necropsy.", + "title": "collection_method", + "comments": [ + "If applicable, provide the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Necropsy [MMO:0000344]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001241", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "CollectionMethodMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_(common_name)": { + "name": "host_(common_name)", + "description": "The commonly used name of the host.", + "title": "host_(common_name)", + "comments": [ + "Common name or scientific name are required if there was a host. Both can be provided, if known. Use terms from the pick lists in the template. Common name e.g. human, bat. If the sample was environmental, put \"not applicable." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Human [NCBITaxon:9606]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001386", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "HostCommonNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_(scientific_name)": { + "name": "host_(scientific_name)", + "description": "The taxonomic, or scientific name of the host.", + "title": "host_(scientific_name)", + "comments": [ + "Common name or scientific name are required if there was a host. Both can be provided, if known. Use terms from the pick lists in the template. Scientific name e.g. Homo sapiens, If the sample was environmental, put \"not applicable" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001387", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "HostScientificNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_disease": { + "name": "host_disease", + "description": "The name of the disease experienced by the host.", + "title": "host_disease", + "comments": [ + "This field is only required if there was a host. If the host was a human select COVID-19 from the pick list. If the host was asymptomatic, this can be recorded under “host health state details”. \"COVID-19\" should still be provided if patient is asymptomatic. If the host is not human, and the disease state is not known or the host appears healthy, put “not applicable”." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Mastitis [MONDO:0006849]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001391", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_age": { + "name": "host_age", + "description": "Age of host at the time of sampling.", + "title": "host_age", + "comments": [ + "If there was a host and the host age is known, provide the age." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "79" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001392", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "integer" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_age_unit": { + "name": "host_age_unit", + "description": "The units used to measure the host's age.", + "title": "host_age_unit", + "comments": [ + "If known, provide the age units used to measure the host's age from the pick list." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "year" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001393", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "HostAgeUnitMenu" + }, + { + "range": "NullValueMenu" + } + ] + }, + "host_gender": { + "name": "host_gender", + "description": "The gender of the host at the time of sample collection.", + "title": "host_gender", + "comments": [ + "If known, select a value from the pick list." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Male" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001395", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "HostGenderMenu" + }, + { + "range": "NullValueMenu" + } + ] + }, + "isolate_ID": { + "name": "isolate_ID", + "description": "The user-defined identifier for the isolate, as provided by the laboratory that originally isolated the isolate.", + "title": "isolate_ID", + "comments": [ + "Provide the isolate_ID created by the lab that first isolated the isolate (i.e. the original isolate ID). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. If only an alternate isolate ID is known (e.g. the ID from your lab, if your lab did not isolate the isolate from the original sample), make asure to include it in the alternative_isolate_ID field." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "SA20131043" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100456", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "isolated_by": { + "name": "isolated_by", + "description": "The name of the agency, organization or institution with which the individual who performed the isolation procedure is affiliated.", + "title": "isolated_by", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that isolated the original isolate in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Public Health Agency of Canada" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100461", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "isolated_by_contact_email": { + "name": "isolated_by_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the isolate.", + "title": "isolated_by_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more prefereable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "enterics@lab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100464", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequencing_assay_type": { + "name": "sequencing_assay_type", + "description": "The overarching sequencing methodology that was used to determine the sequence of a biomaterial.", + "title": "sequencing_assay_type", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the DNA or RNA sequencing technology used in your study. If unsure refer to the protocol documentation, or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100997", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "SequencingAssayTypeMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "library_ID": { + "name": "library_ID", + "description": "The user-specified identifier for the library prepared for sequencing.", + "title": "library_ID", + "comments": [ + "The library name should be unique, and can be an autogenerated ID from your LIMS, or modification of the isolate ID." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "XYZ_123345" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001448", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "nucleic_acid_extraction_method": { + "name": "nucleic_acid_extraction_method", + "description": "The process used to extract genomic material from a sample.", + "title": "nucleic_acid_extraction_method", + "comments": [ + "Briefly describe the extraction method used." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Direct wastewater RNA capture and purification via the \"Sewage, Salt, Silica and SARS-CoV-2 (4S)\" method v4 found at https://www.protocols.io/view/v-4-direct-wastewater-rna-capture-and-purification-36wgq581ygk5/v4" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100939", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "genomic_target_enrichment_method": { + "name": "genomic_target_enrichment_method", + "description": "The molecular technique used to selectively capture and amplify specific regions of interest from a genome.", + "title": "genomic_target_enrichment_method", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the enrichment method" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Hybrid selection method (bait-capture) [GENEPIO:0001950]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100966", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "library_preparation_kit": { + "name": "library_preparation_kit", + "description": "The name of the DNA library preparation kit used to generate the library being sequenced.", + "title": "library_preparation_kit", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the library preparation kit used." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Nextera XT" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001450", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequencing_platform": { + "name": "sequencing_platform", + "description": "The platform technology used to perform the sequencing.", + "title": "sequencing_platform", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the company that created the sequencing instrument by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100473", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "SequencingPlatformMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequencing_instrument": { + "name": "sequencing_instrument", + "description": "The model of the sequencing instrument used.", + "title": "sequencing_instrument", + "comments": [ + "Provide the model sequencing instrument by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Illumina HiSeq 2500 [GENEPIO:0100117]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001452", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "SequencingInstrumentMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "purpose_of_sequencing": { + "name": "purpose_of_sequencing", + "description": "The reason that the sample was sequenced.", + "title": "purpose_of_sequencing", + "comments": [ + "The reason why a sample was originally collected may differ from the reason why it was selected for sequencing. The reason a sample was sequenced may provide information about potential biases in sequencing strategy. Provide the purpose of sequencing from the picklist in the template. The reason for sample collection should be indicated in the \"purpose of sampling\" field." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001445", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "PurposeOfSequencingMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "purpose_of_sequencing_details": { + "name": "purpose_of_sequencing_details", + "description": "The description of why the sample was sequenced providing specific details.", + "title": "purpose_of_sequencing_details", + "comments": [ + "Provide an expanded description of why the sample was sequenced using free text. The description may include the importance of the sequences for a particular public health investigation/surveillance activity/research question. Suggested standardized descriptions include: Assessing public health control measures, Determining early introductions and spread, Investigating airline-related exposures, Investigating remote regions, Investigating health care workers, Investigating schools/universities." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Hospital outbreak" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001446", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequenced_by": { + "name": "sequenced_by", + "description": "The name of the agency, organization or institution responsible for sequencing the isolate's genome.", + "title": "sequenced_by", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that performed the sequencing in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Public Health Agency of Canada" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100416", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequenced_by_contact_email": { + "name": "sequenced_by_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sequence.", + "title": "sequenced_by_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more prefereable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "enterics@lab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100471", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequence_submitted_by": { + "name": "sequence_submitted_by", + "description": "The name of the agency that submitted the sequence to a database.", + "title": "sequence_submitted_by", + "comments": [ + "The name of the agency should be written out in full, (with minor exceptions) and be consistent across multiple submissions. For Canadian institutions submitting specimens rather than sequencing data, please put the \"National Microbiology Laboratory (NML)\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Public Health Ontario (PHO)" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001159", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequence_submitter_contact_email": { + "name": "sequence_submitter_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sequence.", + "title": "sequence_submitter_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "The email address can represent a specific individual or laboratory." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "RespLab@lab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001165", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "raw_sequence_data_processing_method": { + "name": "raw_sequence_data_processing_method", + "description": "The names of the software and version number used for raw data processing such as removing barcodes, adapter trimming, filtering etc.", + "title": "raw_sequence_data_processing_method", + "comments": [ + "Provide the software name followed by the version e.g. Trimmomatic v. 0.38, Porechop v. 0.2.3" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Porechop 0.2.3" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001458", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "dehosting_method": { + "name": "dehosting_method", + "description": "The method used to remove host reads from the pathogen sequence.", + "title": "dehosting_method", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name and version number of the software used to remove host reads." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Nanostripper" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001459", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "number_of_total_reads": { + "name": "number_of_total_reads", + "description": "The total number of non-unique reads generated by the sequencing process.", + "title": "number_of_total_reads", + "comments": [ + "Provide a numerical value (no need to include units)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "423867" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100827", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "integer" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_by": { + "name": "amr_testing_by", + "description": "The name of the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing.", + "title": "AMR_testing_by", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that performed the AMR testing, in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Canadian Food Inspection Agency" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100511", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_by_laboratory_name": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_laboratory_name", + "description": "The name of the lab within the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing.", + "title": "AMR_testing_by_laboratory_name", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the specific laboratory that performed the AMR testing (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Topp Lab" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100512", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrTestingByLaboratoryNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_by_contact_name": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_contact_name", + "description": "The name of the individual or the individual's role in the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing.", + "title": "AMR_testing_by_contact_name", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of an individual or their job title. As personnel turnover may render the contact's name obsolete, it is more preferable to provide a job title for ensuring accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Enterics Lab Manager" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100513", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_by_contact_email": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_contact_email", + "description": "The email of the individual or the individual's role in the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing.", + "title": "AMR_testing_by_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more preferable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "johnnyblogs@lab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100514", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_date": { + "name": "amr_testing_date", + "description": "The date the antimicrobial resistance testing was performed.", + "title": "AMR_testing_date", + "comments": [ + "Provide the date according to the ISO 8601 standard \"YYYY-MM-DD\", \"YYYY-MM\" or \"YYYY\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "2022-04-03" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100515", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "date" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_agent_name": { + "name": "amr_agent_name", + "description": "The name of the agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.", + "title": "AMR_agent_name", + "comments": [ + "The names of the drug have already been matched with measurement, breakpoint, and phenotype fields in the template. No need to add these unless the drug of interest is not present. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other agents." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Amoxicillin-clavulanic [ARO:3003997]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100521", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrAgentNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_phenotype": { + "name": "amr_phenotype", + "description": "The antimicrobial resistance phenotype, as determined by the antibiotic susceptibility measurement and testing standard.", + "title": "AMR_phenotype", + "comments": [ + "Select a phenotype from the pick list provided." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100525", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrPhenotypeMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_measurement_sign": { + "name": "amr_measurement_sign", + "description": "The qualifier associated with the antibiotic susceptibility measurement", + "title": "AMR_measurement_sign", + "comments": [ + "Select the comparator sign from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other signs if necessary." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100524", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrMeasurementSignMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_measurement": { + "name": "amr_measurement", + "description": "The measured value of antimicrobial resistance.", + "title": "AMR_measurement", + "comments": [ + "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "4" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100522", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_measurement_units": { + "name": "amr_measurement_units", + "description": "The units of the antimicrobial resistance measurement.", + "title": "AMR_measurement_units", + "comments": [ + "Select the units from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other units if necessary." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "ug/mL [UO:0000274]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100523", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_method": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_method", + "description": "The general method used for antibiotic susceptibility testing.", + "title": "AMR_laboratory_typing_method", + "comments": [ + "Select a typing method from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other methods if necessary." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Broth dilution [ARO:3004397]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100526", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_platform": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_platform", + "description": "The brand/platform used for antibiotic susceptibility testing", + "title": "AMR_laboratory_typing_platform", + "comments": [ + "Select a typing platform from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other platforms if necessary." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Sensitire [ARO:3004402]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100527", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version", + "description": "The specific name and version of the plate, panel, or other platform used for antibiotic susceptibility testing.", + "title": "AMR_laboratory_typing_platform_version", + "comments": [ + "Include any additional information about the antimicrobial susceptibility test such as the drug panel details." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "CMV3AGNF" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100528", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_vendor_name": { + "name": "amr_vendor_name", + "description": "The name of the vendor of the testing platform used.", + "title": "AMR_vendor_name", + "comments": [ + "Provide the full name of the company (avoid abbreviations)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Sensititre [ARO:3004402]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100529", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrVendorNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_standard": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard", + "description": "The testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype", + "title": "AMR_testing_standard", + "comments": [ + "Select a testing standard from the pick list provided." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100530", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrTestingStandardMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_standard_version": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard_version", + "description": "The version number associated with the testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype", + "title": "AMR_testing_standard_version", + "comments": [ + "If applicable, include a version number for the testing standard used." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "M100" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100531", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_standard_details": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard_details", + "description": "The additional details associated with the testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype", + "title": "AMR_testing_standard_details", + "comments": [ + "This information may include the year or location where the testing standard was published. If not applicable, leave blank." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "27th ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute" + }, + { + "value": "2017." + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100520", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint", + "description": "The maximum measurement, in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, for a sample to be considered “sensitive” to this antibiotic", + "title": "AMR_testing_susceptible_breakpoint", + "comments": [ + "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “<=” qualifier is implied." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "8" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100516", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint", + "description": "The intermediate measurement(s), in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, where a sample would be considered to have an “intermediate” phenotype for this antibiotic", + "title": "AMR_testing_intermediate_breakpoint", + "comments": [ + "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “>_<” qualifier is implied." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "16" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100517", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint", + "description": "The minimum measurement, in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, for a sample to be considered “resistant” to this antibiotic", + "title": "AMR_testing_resistant_breakpoint", + "comments": [ + "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “>=” qualifier is implied." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "32" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100518", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "authors": { + "name": "authors", + "description": "Names of individuals contributing to the processes of sample collection, sequence generation, analysis, and data submission.", + "title": "authors", + "comments": [ + "Include the first and last names of all individuals that should be attributed, separated by a semicolon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Tejinder Singh" + }, + { + "value": "Fei Hu" + }, + { + "value": "Joe Blogs" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "BIOSAMPLE:Authors" + ], + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001517", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString", + "recommended": true + }, + "dataharmonizer_provenance": { + "name": "dataharmonizer_provenance", + "description": "The DataHarmonizer software and template version provenance.", + "title": "DataHarmonizer provenance", + "comments": [ + "The current software and template version information will be automatically generated in this field after the user utilizes the \"validate\" function. This information will be generated regardless as to whether the row is valid of not." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "DataHarmonizer v3.3.3, B2B2B v1.0.0" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "BIOSAMPLE:DataHarmonizer%20provenance" + ], + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001518", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "range": "Provenance" + } + }, + "classes": { + "dh_interface": { + "name": "dh_interface", + "description": "A DataHarmonizer interface", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B" + }, + "B2B2B": { + "name": "B2B2B", + "description": "The B2B2B template is a One Health contextual data specification designed for gold standard benchmark datasets for microbial AMR analyses. The specification was developed as part of the JPIAMR’s Bench, Bedside, Business, and Beyond: innovative solutions for AMR diagnostics (B2B2B AMRDx) project, and represents a subset of Canada’s GRDI-AMR-One-Health vocabulary (see GRDI template). The specification provides standardized (ontology-based) fields and terms which are implemented via a spreadsheet collection template, supported by field and reference guides, as well as a new term request SOP.", + "title": "B2B2B", + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "is_a": "dh_interface", + "slot_usage": { + "sample_collector_sample_ID": { + "name": "sample_collector_sample_ID", + "rank": 1, + "slot_group": "Database Identifiers" + }, + "bioproject_accession": { + "name": "bioproject_accession", + "rank": 2, + "slot_group": "Database Identifiers" + }, + "biosample_accession": { + "name": "biosample_accession", + "rank": 3, + "slot_group": "Database Identifiers" + }, + "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email": { + "name": "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email", + "rank": 4, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "sample_collected_by": { + "name": "sample_collected_by", + "rank": 5, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "sample_collection_name": { + "name": "sample_collection_name", + "rank": 6, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "sample_collection_ID": { + "name": "sample_collection_ID", + "rank": 7, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "sample_collection_URL": { + "name": "sample_collection_URL", + "rank": 8, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "sample_collector_contact_email": { + "name": "sample_collector_contact_email", + "rank": 9, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "geo_loc_name_(country)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(country)", + "rank": 10, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)", + "rank": 11, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "geo_loc_name_(site)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(site)", + "rank": 12, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "organism": { + "name": "organism", + "rank": 13, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "purpose_of_sampling": { + "name": "purpose_of_sampling", + "rank": 14, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "presampling_activity": { + "name": "presampling_activity", + "rank": 15, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "presampling_activity_details": { + "name": "presampling_activity_details", + "rank": 16, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "experimental_specimen_role_type": { + "name": "experimental_specimen_role_type", + "rank": 17, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "experimental_control_details": { + "name": "experimental_control_details", + "rank": 18, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "specimen_processing": { + "name": "specimen_processing", + "rank": 19, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "specimen_processing_details": { + "name": "specimen_processing_details", + "rank": 20, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country)": { + "name": "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country)", + "rank": 21, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)": { + "name": "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)", + "rank": 22, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "sample_collection_date": { + "name": "sample_collection_date", + "rank": 23, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "environmental_site": { + "name": "environmental_site", + "rank": 24, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "environmental_material": { + "name": "environmental_material", + "rank": 25, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "anatomical_material": { + "name": "anatomical_material", + "rank": 26, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "body_product": { + "name": "body_product", + "rank": 27, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "anatomical_part": { + "name": "anatomical_part", + "rank": 28, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "food_product": { + "name": "food_product", + "rank": 29, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "food_product_properties": { + "name": "food_product_properties", + "rank": 30, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "collection_device": { + "name": "collection_device", + "rank": 31, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "collection_method": { + "name": "collection_method", + "rank": 32, + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing" + }, + "host_(common_name)": { + "name": "host_(common_name)", + "rank": 33, + "slot_group": "Host information" + }, + "host_(scientific_name)": { + "name": "host_(scientific_name)", + "rank": 34, + "slot_group": "Host information" + }, + "host_disease": { + "name": "host_disease", + "rank": 35, + "slot_group": "Host information" + }, + "host_age": { + "name": "host_age", + "rank": 36, + "slot_group": "Host Information" + }, + "host_age_unit": { + "name": "host_age_unit", + "rank": 37, + "slot_group": "Host Information" + }, + "host_gender": { + "name": "host_gender", + "rank": 38, + "slot_group": "Host Information" + }, + "isolate_ID": { + "name": "isolate_ID", + "rank": 39, + "slot_group": "Strain and isolation information" + }, + "isolated_by": { + "name": "isolated_by", + "rank": 40, + "slot_group": "Strain and isolation information" + }, + "isolated_by_contact_email": { + "name": "isolated_by_contact_email", + "rank": 41, + "slot_group": "Strain and isolation information" + }, + "sequencing_assay_type": { + "name": "sequencing_assay_type", + "rank": 42, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "library_ID": { + "name": "library_ID", + "rank": 43, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "nucleic_acid_extraction_method": { + "name": "nucleic_acid_extraction_method", + "rank": 44, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "genomic_target_enrichment_method": { + "name": "genomic_target_enrichment_method", + "rank": 45, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "library_preparation_kit": { + "name": "library_preparation_kit", + "rank": 46, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "sequencing_platform": { + "name": "sequencing_platform", + "rank": 47, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "sequencing_instrument": { + "name": "sequencing_instrument", + "rank": 48, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "purpose_of_sequencing": { + "name": "purpose_of_sequencing", + "rank": 49, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "purpose_of_sequencing_details": { + "name": "purpose_of_sequencing_details", + "rank": 50, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "sequenced_by": { + "name": "sequenced_by", + "rank": 51, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "sequenced_by_contact_email": { + "name": "sequenced_by_contact_email", + "rank": 52, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "sequence_submitted_by": { + "name": "sequence_submitted_by", + "rank": 53, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "sequence_submitter_contact_email": { + "name": "sequence_submitter_contact_email", + "rank": 54, + "slot_group": "Sequence information" + }, + "raw_sequence_data_processing_method": { + "name": "raw_sequence_data_processing_method", + "rank": 55, + "slot_group": "Bioinformatics and QC metrics" + }, + "dehosting_method": { + "name": "dehosting_method", + "rank": 56, + "slot_group": "Bioinformatics and QC metrics" + }, + "number_of_total_reads": { + "name": "number_of_total_reads", + "rank": 57, + "slot_group": "Bioinformatics and QC metrics" + }, + "amr_testing_by": { + "name": "amr_testing_by", + "rank": 58, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_by_laboratory_name": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_laboratory_name", + "rank": 59, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_by_contact_name": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_contact_name", + "rank": 60, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_by_contact_email": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_contact_email", + "rank": 61, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_date": { + "name": "amr_testing_date", + "rank": 62, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_agent_name": { + "name": "amr_agent_name", + "rank": 63, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_phenotype": { + "name": "amr_phenotype", + "rank": 64, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_measurement_sign": { + "name": "amr_measurement_sign", + "rank": 65, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_measurement": { + "name": "amr_measurement", + "rank": 66, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_measurement_units": { + "name": "amr_measurement_units", + "rank": 67, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_method": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_method", + "rank": 68, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_platform": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_platform", + "rank": 69, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version", + "rank": 70, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_vendor_name": { + "name": "amr_vendor_name", + "rank": 71, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_standard": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard", + "rank": 72, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_standard_version": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard_version", + "rank": 73, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_standard_details": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard_details", + "rank": 74, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint", + "rank": 75, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint", + "rank": 76, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint", + "rank": 77, + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing" + }, + "authors": { + "name": "authors", + "rank": 78, + "slot_group": "Contributor acknowledgement" + }, + "dataharmonizer_provenance": { + "name": "dataharmonizer_provenance", + "rank": 79, + "slot_group": "Contributor acknowledgement" + } + }, + "attributes": { + "sample_collector_sample_ID": { + "name": "sample_collector_sample_ID", + "description": "The user-defined name for the sample.", + "title": "sample_collector_sample_ID", + "comments": [ + "The sample_ID should represent the identifier assigned to the sample at time of collection, for which all the descriptive information applies. If the original sample_ID is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "ABCD123" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 1, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001123", + "alias": "sample_collector_sample_ID", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Database Identifiers", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "bioproject_accession": { + "name": "bioproject_accession", + "description": "The INSDC (i.e., ENA, NCBI, or DDBJ) accession number of the BioProject(s) to which the BioSample belongs.", + "title": "BioProject_accession", + "comments": [ + "Store the BioProject accession number. BioProjects are an organizing tool that links together raw sequence data, assemblies, and their associated metadata. Each province will be assigned a different bioproject accession number by the National Microbiology Lab. A valid NCBI BioProject accession has prefix PRJN e.g., PRJNA12345, and is created once at the beginning of a new sequencing project." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "PRJNA608651" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 2, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001136", + "alias": "bioproject_accession", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Database Identifiers", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "biosample_accession": { + "name": "biosample_accession", + "description": "The identifier assigned to a BioSample in INSDC archives.", + "title": "BioSample_accession", + "comments": [ + "Store the accession returned from the BioSample submission. NCBI BioSamples will have the prefix SAMN, while ENA BioSamples will have the prefix SAMEA." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "SAMN14180202" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 3, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001139", + "alias": "biosample_accession", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Database Identifiers", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email": { + "name": "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the individual responsible for the data governance, (meta)data usage and distribution of the sample.", + "title": "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "Provide the email address of the sample collection data steward. This may or may not be the same individual/organization that collected the sample. If the contact is the same, provide the same address as the \"sample collector contact email\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "bloggsj@aglab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 4, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0101107", + "alias": "sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collected_by": { + "name": "sample_collected_by", + "description": "The name of the organization with which the sample collector is affiliated.", + "title": "sample_collected_by", + "comments": [ + "The name of the agency should be written out in full, (with minor exceptions) and be consistent across multiple submissions." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Public Health Agency of Canada" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 5, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001153", + "alias": "sample_collected_by", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_name": { + "name": "sample_collection_name", + "description": "The name of the sample collection.", + "title": "sample_collection_name", + "comments": [ + "If the sample is associated with a particular collection, provide the name of the sample collection. Type culture collection names can be referenced here. Private collections and sample collection project names can also be included." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 6, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100429", + "alias": "sample_collection_name", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_ID": { + "name": "sample_collection_ID", + "description": "The identifier associated with the sample collection.", + "title": "sample_collection_ID", + "comments": [ + "If the sample is associated with a particular collection that can be refered to by an identifier, provide the identifier of the sample collection." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "BCRCAMUAMR" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 7, + "slot_uri": "OBIB:0000001", + "alias": "sample_collection_ID", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_URL": { + "name": "sample_collection_URL", + "description": "The URL associated with online material about a sample collection.", + "title": "sample_collection_URL", + "comments": [ + "If the sample collection has online materials that may be useful for providing context, include the URL associated with the sample collection." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "https://www.jpiamr.eu/projects/b2b2b-amrdx/" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 8, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0102067", + "alias": "sample_collection_URL", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collector_contact_email": { + "name": "sample_collector_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sample.", + "title": "sample_collector_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "The email address can represent a specific individual or lab e.g. johnnyblogs@lab.ca, or RespLab@lab.ca" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "WaterTester@facility.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 9, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001156", + "alias": "sample_collector_contact_email", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "geo_loc_name_(country)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(country)", + "description": "The country of origin of the sample.", + "title": "geo_loc_name_(country)", + "comments": [ + "If known, select a value from the pick list." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Canada" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 10, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001181", + "alias": "geo_loc_name_(country)", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "GeoLocNameCountryMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)", + "description": "The state/province/territory of origin of the sample.", + "title": "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)", + "comments": [ + "Provide the state/province/territory name from the GAZ geography ontology. Search for geography terms here: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/ontologies/ga" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Western Cape" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 11, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001185", + "alias": "geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory)", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "geo_loc_name_(site)": { + "name": "geo_loc_name_(site)", + "description": "The name of a specific geographical location e.g. Credit River (rather than river).", + "title": "geo_loc_name_(site)", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the specific geographical site using a specific noun (a word that names a certain place, thing)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Credit River" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 12, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100436", + "alias": "geo_loc_name_(site)", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "organism": { + "name": "organism", + "description": "Taxonomic name of the organism.", + "title": "organism", + "comments": [ + "Provide the official nomenclature for the organism present in the sample." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 13, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001191", + "alias": "organism", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "OrganismMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "purpose_of_sampling": { + "name": "purpose_of_sampling", + "description": "The reason that the sample was collected.", + "title": "purpose_of_sampling", + "comments": [ + "The reason a sample was collected may provide information about potential biases in sampling strategy. Provide the purpose of sampling from the picklist in the template. Most likely, the sample was collected for Diagnostic testing. The reason why a sample was originally collected may differ from the reason why it was selected for sequencing, which should be indicated in the \"purpose of sequencing\" field." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 14, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001198", + "alias": "purpose_of_sampling", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "PurposeOfSamplingMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "presampling_activity": { + "name": "presampling_activity", + "description": "The experimental activities or variables that affected the sample collected.", + "title": "presampling_activity", + "comments": [ + "If there was experimental activity that would affect the sample prior to collection (this is different than sample processing), provide the experimental activities by selecting one or more values from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 15, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100433", + "alias": "presampling_activity", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "PresamplingActivityMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "presampling_activity_details": { + "name": "presampling_activity_details", + "description": "The details of the experimental activities or variables that affected the sample collected.", + "title": "presampling_activity_details", + "comments": [ + "Briefly describe the experimental details using free text." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Chicken feed containing novobiocin was fed to chickens for 72 hours prior to collection of litter." + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 16, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100434", + "alias": "presampling_activity_details", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "experimental_specimen_role_type": { + "name": "experimental_specimen_role_type", + "description": "The type of role that the sample represents in the experiment.", + "title": "experimental_specimen_role_type", + "comments": [ + "Samples can play different types of roles in experiments. A sample under study in one experiment may act as a control or be a replicate of another sample in another experiment. This field is used to distinguish samples under study from controls, replicates, etc. If the sample acted as an experimental control or a replicate, select a role type from the picklist. If the sample was not a control, leave blank or select \"Not Applicable\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 17, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100921", + "alias": "experimental_specimen_role_type", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "experimental_control_details": { + "name": "experimental_control_details", + "description": "The details regarding the experimental control contained in the sample.", + "title": "experimental_control_details", + "comments": [ + "Provide details regarding the nature of the reference strain used as a control, or what is was used to monitor." + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 18, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100922", + "alias": "experimental_control_details", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "specimen_processing": { + "name": "specimen_processing", + "description": "The processing applied to samples post-collection, prior to further testing, characterization, or isolation procedures.", + "title": "specimen_processing", + "comments": [ + "Provide the sample processing information by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Samples pooled [OBI:0600016]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 19, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100435", + "alias": "specimen_processing", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "SpecimenProcessingMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "specimen_processing_details": { + "name": "specimen_processing_details", + "description": "The details of the processing applied to the sample during or after receiving the sample.", + "title": "specimen_processing_details", + "comments": [ + "Briefly describe the processes applied to the sample." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "25 samples were pooled and further prepared as a single sample during library prep." + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 20, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100311", + "alias": "specimen_processing_details", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country)": { + "name": "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country)", + "description": "The country of origin of a food product.", + "title": "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country)", + "comments": [ + "If a food product was sampled and the food product was manufactured outside of Canada, provide the name of the country where the food product originated by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown, cannot be provided, or is not applicable to the sample type, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "United States of America [GAZ:00002459]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 21, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100437", + "alias": "food_product_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "GeoLocNameCountryMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)": { + "name": "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)", + "description": "The country of origin of the host.", + "title": "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)", + "comments": [ + "If a sample is from a human or animal host that originated from outside of Canada, provide the the name of the country where the host originated by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown, cannot be provided, or is not applicable to the sample type, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "South Africa [GAZ:00001094]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 22, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100438", + "alias": "host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country)", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "GeoLocNameCountryMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sample_collection_date": { + "name": "sample_collection_date", + "description": "The date on which the sample was collected.", + "title": "sample_collection_date", + "comments": [ + "Provide the date according to the ISO 8601 standard \"YYYY-MM-DD\", \"YYYY-MM\" or \"YYYY\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "2020-10-30" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 23, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001174", + "alias": "sample_collection_date", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "date" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "environmental_site": { + "name": "environmental_site", + "description": "An environmental location may describe a site in the natural or built environment e.g. hospital, wet market, bat cave.", + "title": "environmental_site", + "comments": [ + "If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the environmental site from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 24, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001232", + "alias": "environmental_site", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "EnvironmentalSiteMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "environmental_material": { + "name": "environmental_material", + "description": "A substance obtained from the natural or man-made environment e.g. soil, water, sewage, door handle, bed handrail, face mask.", + "title": "environmental_material", + "comments": [ + "If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the environmental material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Wastewater [ENVO:00002001]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 25, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001223", + "alias": "environmental_material", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "EnvironmentalMaterialMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "anatomical_material": { + "name": "anatomical_material", + "description": "A substance obtained from an anatomical part of an organism e.g. tissue, blood.", + "title": "anatomical_material", + "comments": [ + "An anatomical material is a substance taken from the body. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Tissue [UBERON:0000479]" + }, + { + "value": "Blood [UBERON:0000178]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 26, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001211", + "alias": "anatomical_material", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AnatomicalMaterialMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "body_product": { + "name": "body_product", + "description": "A substance excreted/secreted from an organism e.g. feces, urine, sweat.", + "title": "body_product", + "comments": [ + "A body product is a substance produced by the body but meant to be excreted/secreted (i.e. not part of the body). If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the body product from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Feces [UBERON:0001988]" + }, + { + "value": "Urine [UBERON:0001088]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 27, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001216", + "alias": "body_product", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "BodyProductMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "anatomical_part": { + "name": "anatomical_part", + "description": "An anatomical part of an organism e.g. oropharynx.", + "title": "anatomical_part", + "comments": [ + "An anatomical part is a structure or location in the body. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Cloaca [UBERON:0000162]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 28, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001214", + "alias": "anatomical_part", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AnatomicalPartMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "food_product": { + "name": "food_product", + "description": "A material consumed and digested for nutritional value or enjoyment.", + "title": "food_product", + "comments": [ + "This field includes animal feed. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 29, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100444", + "alias": "food_product", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "FoodProductMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "food_product_properties": { + "name": "food_product_properties", + "description": "Any characteristic of the food product pertaining to its state, processing, or implications for consumers.", + "title": "food_product_properties", + "comments": [ + "Provide any characteristics of the food product including whether it has been cooked, processed, preserved, any known information about its state (e.g. raw, ready-to-eat), any known information about its containment (e.g. canned), and any information about a label claim (e.g. organic, fat-free)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 30, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100445", + "alias": "food_product_properties", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "FoodProductPropertiesMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "collection_device": { + "name": "collection_device", + "description": "The instrument or container used to collect the sample e.g. swab.", + "title": "collection_device", + "comments": [ + "This field includes animal feed. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 31, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001234", + "alias": "collection_device", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "CollectionDeviceMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "collection_method": { + "name": "collection_method", + "description": "The process used to collect the sample e.g. phlebotomy, necropsy.", + "title": "collection_method", + "comments": [ + "If applicable, provide the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Necropsy [MMO:0000344]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 32, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001241", + "alias": "collection_method", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sample collection and processing", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "CollectionMethodMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_(common_name)": { + "name": "host_(common_name)", + "description": "The commonly used name of the host.", + "title": "host_(common_name)", + "comments": [ + "Common name or scientific name are required if there was a host. Both can be provided, if known. Use terms from the pick lists in the template. Common name e.g. human, bat. If the sample was environmental, put \"not applicable." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Human [NCBITaxon:9606]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 33, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001386", + "alias": "host_(common_name)", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Host information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "HostCommonNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_(scientific_name)": { + "name": "host_(scientific_name)", + "description": "The taxonomic, or scientific name of the host.", + "title": "host_(scientific_name)", + "comments": [ + "Common name or scientific name are required if there was a host. Both can be provided, if known. Use terms from the pick lists in the template. Scientific name e.g. Homo sapiens, If the sample was environmental, put \"not applicable" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 34, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001387", + "alias": "host_(scientific_name)", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Host information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "HostScientificNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_disease": { + "name": "host_disease", + "description": "The name of the disease experienced by the host.", + "title": "host_disease", + "comments": [ + "This field is only required if there was a host. If the host was a human select COVID-19 from the pick list. If the host was asymptomatic, this can be recorded under “host health state details”. \"COVID-19\" should still be provided if patient is asymptomatic. If the host is not human, and the disease state is not known or the host appears healthy, put “not applicable”." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Mastitis [MONDO:0006849]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 35, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001391", + "alias": "host_disease", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Host information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_age": { + "name": "host_age", + "description": "Age of host at the time of sampling.", + "title": "host_age", + "comments": [ + "If there was a host and the host age is known, provide the age." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "79" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 36, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001392", + "alias": "host_age", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Host Information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "integer" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "host_age_unit": { + "name": "host_age_unit", + "description": "The units used to measure the host's age.", + "title": "host_age_unit", + "comments": [ + "If known, provide the age units used to measure the host's age from the pick list." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "year" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 37, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001393", + "alias": "host_age_unit", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Host Information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "HostAgeUnitMenu" + }, + { + "range": "NullValueMenu" + } + ] + }, + "host_gender": { + "name": "host_gender", + "description": "The gender of the host at the time of sample collection.", + "title": "host_gender", + "comments": [ + "If known, select a value from the pick list." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Male" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 38, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001395", + "alias": "host_gender", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Host Information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "HostGenderMenu" + }, + { + "range": "NullValueMenu" + } + ] + }, + "isolate_ID": { + "name": "isolate_ID", + "description": "The user-defined identifier for the isolate, as provided by the laboratory that originally isolated the isolate.", + "title": "isolate_ID", + "comments": [ + "Provide the isolate_ID created by the lab that first isolated the isolate (i.e. the original isolate ID). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. If only an alternate isolate ID is known (e.g. the ID from your lab, if your lab did not isolate the isolate from the original sample), make asure to include it in the alternative_isolate_ID field." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "SA20131043" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 39, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100456", + "alias": "isolate_ID", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Strain and isolation information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "isolated_by": { + "name": "isolated_by", + "description": "The name of the agency, organization or institution with which the individual who performed the isolation procedure is affiliated.", + "title": "isolated_by", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that isolated the original isolate in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Public Health Agency of Canada" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 40, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100461", + "alias": "isolated_by", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Strain and isolation information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "isolated_by_contact_email": { + "name": "isolated_by_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the isolate.", + "title": "isolated_by_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more prefereable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "enterics@lab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 41, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100464", + "alias": "isolated_by_contact_email", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Strain and isolation information", + "recommended": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequencing_assay_type": { + "name": "sequencing_assay_type", + "description": "The overarching sequencing methodology that was used to determine the sequence of a biomaterial.", + "title": "sequencing_assay_type", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the DNA or RNA sequencing technology used in your study. If unsure refer to the protocol documentation, or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 42, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100997", + "alias": "sequencing_assay_type", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "SequencingAssayTypeMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "library_ID": { + "name": "library_ID", + "description": "The user-specified identifier for the library prepared for sequencing.", + "title": "library_ID", + "comments": [ + "The library name should be unique, and can be an autogenerated ID from your LIMS, or modification of the isolate ID." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "XYZ_123345" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 43, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001448", + "alias": "library_ID", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "nucleic_acid_extraction_method": { + "name": "nucleic_acid_extraction_method", + "description": "The process used to extract genomic material from a sample.", + "title": "nucleic_acid_extraction_method", + "comments": [ + "Briefly describe the extraction method used." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Direct wastewater RNA capture and purification via the \"Sewage, Salt, Silica and SARS-CoV-2 (4S)\" method v4 found at https://www.protocols.io/view/v-4-direct-wastewater-rna-capture-and-purification-36wgq581ygk5/v4" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 44, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100939", + "alias": "nucleic_acid_extraction_method", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "genomic_target_enrichment_method": { + "name": "genomic_target_enrichment_method", + "description": "The molecular technique used to selectively capture and amplify specific regions of interest from a genome.", + "title": "genomic_target_enrichment_method", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the enrichment method" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Hybrid selection method (bait-capture) [GENEPIO:0001950]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 45, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100966", + "alias": "genomic_target_enrichment_method", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "library_preparation_kit": { + "name": "library_preparation_kit", + "description": "The name of the DNA library preparation kit used to generate the library being sequenced.", + "title": "library_preparation_kit", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the library preparation kit used." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Nextera XT" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 46, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001450", + "alias": "library_preparation_kit", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequencing_platform": { + "name": "sequencing_platform", + "description": "The platform technology used to perform the sequencing.", + "title": "sequencing_platform", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the company that created the sequencing instrument by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 47, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100473", + "alias": "sequencing_platform", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "SequencingPlatformMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequencing_instrument": { + "name": "sequencing_instrument", + "description": "The model of the sequencing instrument used.", + "title": "sequencing_instrument", + "comments": [ + "Provide the model sequencing instrument by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Illumina HiSeq 2500 [GENEPIO:0100117]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 48, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001452", + "alias": "sequencing_instrument", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "SequencingInstrumentMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "purpose_of_sequencing": { + "name": "purpose_of_sequencing", + "description": "The reason that the sample was sequenced.", + "title": "purpose_of_sequencing", + "comments": [ + "The reason why a sample was originally collected may differ from the reason why it was selected for sequencing. The reason a sample was sequenced may provide information about potential biases in sequencing strategy. Provide the purpose of sequencing from the picklist in the template. The reason for sample collection should be indicated in the \"purpose of sampling\" field." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 49, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001445", + "alias": "purpose_of_sequencing", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "PurposeOfSequencingMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "purpose_of_sequencing_details": { + "name": "purpose_of_sequencing_details", + "description": "The description of why the sample was sequenced providing specific details.", + "title": "purpose_of_sequencing_details", + "comments": [ + "Provide an expanded description of why the sample was sequenced using free text. The description may include the importance of the sequences for a particular public health investigation/surveillance activity/research question. Suggested standardized descriptions include: Assessing public health control measures, Determining early introductions and spread, Investigating airline-related exposures, Investigating remote regions, Investigating health care workers, Investigating schools/universities." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Hospital outbreak" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 50, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001446", + "alias": "purpose_of_sequencing_details", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequenced_by": { + "name": "sequenced_by", + "description": "The name of the agency, organization or institution responsible for sequencing the isolate's genome.", + "title": "sequenced_by", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that performed the sequencing in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Public Health Agency of Canada" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 51, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100416", + "alias": "sequenced_by", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequenced_by_contact_email": { + "name": "sequenced_by_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sequence.", + "title": "sequenced_by_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more prefereable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "enterics@lab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 52, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100471", + "alias": "sequenced_by_contact_email", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequence_submitted_by": { + "name": "sequence_submitted_by", + "description": "The name of the agency that submitted the sequence to a database.", + "title": "sequence_submitted_by", + "comments": [ + "The name of the agency should be written out in full, (with minor exceptions) and be consistent across multiple submissions. For Canadian institutions submitting specimens rather than sequencing data, please put the \"National Microbiology Laboratory (NML)\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Public Health Ontario (PHO)" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 53, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001159", + "alias": "sequence_submitted_by", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "sequence_submitter_contact_email": { + "name": "sequence_submitter_contact_email", + "description": "The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sequence.", + "title": "sequence_submitter_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "The email address can represent a specific individual or laboratory." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "RespLab@lab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 54, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001165", + "alias": "sequence_submitter_contact_email", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Sequence information", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "raw_sequence_data_processing_method": { + "name": "raw_sequence_data_processing_method", + "description": "The names of the software and version number used for raw data processing such as removing barcodes, adapter trimming, filtering etc.", + "title": "raw_sequence_data_processing_method", + "comments": [ + "Provide the software name followed by the version e.g. Trimmomatic v. 0.38, Porechop v. 0.2.3" + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Porechop 0.2.3" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 55, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001458", + "alias": "raw_sequence_data_processing_method", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Bioinformatics and QC metrics", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "dehosting_method": { + "name": "dehosting_method", + "description": "The method used to remove host reads from the pathogen sequence.", + "title": "dehosting_method", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name and version number of the software used to remove host reads." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Nanostripper" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 56, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001459", + "alias": "dehosting_method", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Bioinformatics and QC metrics", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "number_of_total_reads": { + "name": "number_of_total_reads", + "description": "The total number of non-unique reads generated by the sequencing process.", + "title": "number_of_total_reads", + "comments": [ + "Provide a numerical value (no need to include units)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "423867" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 57, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100827", + "alias": "number_of_total_reads", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Bioinformatics and QC metrics", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "integer" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_by": { + "name": "amr_testing_by", + "description": "The name of the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing.", + "title": "AMR_testing_by", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that performed the AMR testing, in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Canadian Food Inspection Agency" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 58, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100511", + "alias": "amr_testing_by", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_by_laboratory_name": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_laboratory_name", + "description": "The name of the lab within the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing.", + "title": "AMR_testing_by_laboratory_name", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of the specific laboratory that performed the AMR testing (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Topp Lab" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 59, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100512", + "alias": "amr_testing_by_laboratory_name", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrTestingByLaboratoryNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_by_contact_name": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_contact_name", + "description": "The name of the individual or the individual's role in the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing.", + "title": "AMR_testing_by_contact_name", + "comments": [ + "Provide the name of an individual or their job title. As personnel turnover may render the contact's name obsolete, it is more preferable to provide a job title for ensuring accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Enterics Lab Manager" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 60, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100513", + "alias": "amr_testing_by_contact_name", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_by_contact_email": { + "name": "amr_testing_by_contact_email", + "description": "The email of the individual or the individual's role in the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing.", + "title": "AMR_testing_by_contact_email", + "comments": [ + "Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more preferable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "johnnyblogs@lab.ca" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 61, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100514", + "alias": "amr_testing_by_contact_email", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_date": { + "name": "amr_testing_date", + "description": "The date the antimicrobial resistance testing was performed.", + "title": "AMR_testing_date", + "comments": [ + "Provide the date according to the ISO 8601 standard \"YYYY-MM-DD\", \"YYYY-MM\" or \"YYYY\"." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "2022-04-03" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 62, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100515", + "alias": "amr_testing_date", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "date" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_agent_name": { + "name": "amr_agent_name", + "description": "The name of the agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.", + "title": "AMR_agent_name", + "comments": [ + "The names of the drug have already been matched with measurement, breakpoint, and phenotype fields in the template. No need to add these unless the drug of interest is not present. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other agents." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Amoxicillin-clavulanic [ARO:3003997]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 63, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100521", + "alias": "amr_agent_name", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrAgentNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_phenotype": { + "name": "amr_phenotype", + "description": "The antimicrobial resistance phenotype, as determined by the antibiotic susceptibility measurement and testing standard.", + "title": "AMR_phenotype", + "comments": [ + "Select a phenotype from the pick list provided." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 64, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100525", + "alias": "amr_phenotype", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrPhenotypeMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_measurement_sign": { + "name": "amr_measurement_sign", + "description": "The qualifier associated with the antibiotic susceptibility measurement", + "title": "AMR_measurement_sign", + "comments": [ + "Select the comparator sign from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other signs if necessary." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 65, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100524", + "alias": "amr_measurement_sign", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrMeasurementSignMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_measurement": { + "name": "amr_measurement", + "description": "The measured value of antimicrobial resistance.", + "title": "AMR_measurement", + "comments": [ + "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "4" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 66, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100522", + "alias": "amr_measurement", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_measurement_units": { + "name": "amr_measurement_units", + "description": "The units of the antimicrobial resistance measurement.", + "title": "AMR_measurement_units", + "comments": [ + "Select the units from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other units if necessary." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "ug/mL [UO:0000274]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 67, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100523", + "alias": "amr_measurement_units", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_method": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_method", + "description": "The general method used for antibiotic susceptibility testing.", + "title": "AMR_laboratory_typing_method", + "comments": [ + "Select a typing method from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other methods if necessary." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Broth dilution [ARO:3004397]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 68, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100526", + "alias": "amr_laboratory_typing_method", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_platform": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_platform", + "description": "The brand/platform used for antibiotic susceptibility testing", + "title": "AMR_laboratory_typing_platform", + "comments": [ + "Select a typing platform from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other platforms if necessary." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Sensitire [ARO:3004402]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 69, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100527", + "alias": "amr_laboratory_typing_platform", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version": { + "name": "amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version", + "description": "The specific name and version of the plate, panel, or other platform used for antibiotic susceptibility testing.", + "title": "AMR_laboratory_typing_platform_version", + "comments": [ + "Include any additional information about the antimicrobial susceptibility test such as the drug panel details." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "CMV3AGNF" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 70, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100528", + "alias": "amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_vendor_name": { + "name": "amr_vendor_name", + "description": "The name of the vendor of the testing platform used.", + "title": "AMR_vendor_name", + "comments": [ + "Provide the full name of the company (avoid abbreviations)." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Sensititre [ARO:3004402]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 71, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100529", + "alias": "amr_vendor_name", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrVendorNameMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_standard": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard", + "description": "The testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype", + "title": "AMR_testing_standard", + "comments": [ + "Select a testing standard from the pick list provided." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366]" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 72, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100530", + "alias": "amr_testing_standard", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "AmrTestingStandardMenu" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_standard_version": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard_version", + "description": "The version number associated with the testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype", + "title": "AMR_testing_standard_version", + "comments": [ + "If applicable, include a version number for the testing standard used." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "M100" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 73, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100531", + "alias": "amr_testing_standard_version", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_standard_details": { + "name": "amr_testing_standard_details", + "description": "The additional details associated with the testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype", + "title": "AMR_testing_standard_details", + "comments": [ + "This information may include the year or location where the testing standard was published. If not applicable, leave blank." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "27th ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute" + }, + { + "value": "2017." + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 74, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100520", + "alias": "amr_testing_standard_details", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint", + "description": "The maximum measurement, in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, for a sample to be considered “sensitive” to this antibiotic", + "title": "AMR_testing_susceptible_breakpoint", + "comments": [ + "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “<=” qualifier is implied." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "8" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 75, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100516", + "alias": "amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint", + "description": "The intermediate measurement(s), in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, where a sample would be considered to have an “intermediate” phenotype for this antibiotic", + "title": "AMR_testing_intermediate_breakpoint", + "comments": [ + "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “>_<” qualifier is implied." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "16" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 76, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100517", + "alias": "amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint": { + "name": "amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint", + "description": "The minimum measurement, in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, for a sample to be considered “resistant” to this antibiotic", + "title": "AMR_testing_resistant_breakpoint", + "comments": [ + "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “>=” qualifier is implied." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "32" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "rank": 77, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0100518", + "alias": "amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing", + "required": true, + "any_of": [ + { + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString" + }, + { + "range": "null value menu" + } + ] + }, + "authors": { + "name": "authors", + "description": "Names of individuals contributing to the processes of sample collection, sequence generation, analysis, and data submission.", + "title": "authors", + "comments": [ + "Include the first and last names of all individuals that should be attributed, separated by a semicolon." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "Tejinder Singh" + }, + { + "value": "Fei Hu" + }, + { + "value": "Joe Blogs" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "BIOSAMPLE:Authors" + ], + "rank": 78, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001517", + "alias": "authors", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Contributor acknowledgement", + "range": "WhitespaceMinimizedString", + "recommended": true + }, + "dataharmonizer_provenance": { + "name": "dataharmonizer_provenance", + "description": "The DataHarmonizer software and template version provenance.", + "title": "DataHarmonizer provenance", + "comments": [ + "The current software and template version information will be automatically generated in this field after the user utilizes the \"validate\" function. This information will be generated regardless as to whether the row is valid of not." + ], + "examples": [ + { + "value": "DataHarmonizer v3.3.3, B2B2B v1.0.0" + } + ], + "from_schema": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "exact_mappings": [ + "BIOSAMPLE:DataHarmonizer%20provenance" + ], + "rank": 79, + "slot_uri": "GENEPIO:0001518", + "alias": "dataharmonizer_provenance", + "owner": "B2B2B", + "domain_of": [ + "B2B2B" + ], + "slot_group": "Contributor acknowledgement", + "range": "Provenance" + } + } + } + }, + "settings": { + "Title_Case": { + "setting_key": "Title_Case", + "setting_value": "(((?<=\\b)[^a-z\\W]\\w*?|[\\W])+)" + }, + "UPPER_CASE": { + "setting_key": "UPPER_CASE", + "setting_value": "[A-Z\\W\\d_]*" + }, + "lower_case": { + "setting_key": "lower_case", + "setting_value": "[a-z\\W\\d_]*" + } + }, + "@type": "SchemaDefinition" +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/web/templates/b2b2b/schema.yaml b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e29db5bb --- /dev/null +++ b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,9253 @@ +id: https://example.com/B2B2B +name: B2B2B +description: B2B2B Schema which includes B2B2B template +version: 1.0.0 +imports: +- linkml:types +prefixes: + linkml: https://w3id.org/linkml/ +classes: + dh_interface: + name: dh_interface + description: A DataHarmonizer interface + from_schema: https://example.com/CanCOGeN_Covid-19 + B2B2B: + name: B2B2B + title: B2B2B + description: "The B2B2B template is a One Health contextual data specification\ + \ designed for gold standard benchmark datasets for microbial AMR analyses.\ + \ The specification was developed as part of the JPIAMR\u2019s Bench, Bedside,\ + \ Business, and Beyond: innovative solutions for AMR diagnostics (B2B2B AMRDx)\ + \ project, and represents a subset of Canada\u2019s GRDI-AMR-One-Health vocabulary\ + \ (see GRDI template). The specification provides standardized (ontology-based)\ + \ fields and terms which are implemented via a spreadsheet collection template,\ + \ supported by field and reference guides, as well as a new term request SOP." + is_a: dh_interface + slots: + - sample_collector_sample_ID + - bioproject_accession + - biosample_accession + - sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email + - sample_collected_by + - sample_collection_name + - sample_collection_ID + - sample_collection_URL + - sample_collector_contact_email + - geo_loc_name_(country) + - geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory) + - geo_loc_name_(site) + - organism + - purpose_of_sampling + - presampling_activity + - presampling_activity_details + - experimental_specimen_role_type + - experimental_control_details + - specimen_processing + - specimen_processing_details + - food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country) + - host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country) + - sample_collection_date + - environmental_site + - environmental_material + - anatomical_material + - body_product + - anatomical_part + - food_product + - food_product_properties + - collection_device + - collection_method + - host_(common_name) + - host_(scientific_name) + - host_disease + - host_age + - host_age_unit + - host_gender + - isolate_ID + - isolated_by + - isolated_by_contact_email + - sequencing_assay_type + - library_ID + - nucleic_acid_extraction_method + - genomic_target_enrichment_method + - library_preparation_kit + - sequencing_platform + - sequencing_instrument + - purpose_of_sequencing + - purpose_of_sequencing_details + - sequenced_by + - sequenced_by_contact_email + - sequence_submitted_by + - sequence_submitter_contact_email + - raw_sequence_data_processing_method + - dehosting_method + - number_of_total_reads + - amr_testing_by + - amr_testing_by_laboratory_name + - amr_testing_by_contact_name + - amr_testing_by_contact_email + - amr_testing_date + - amr_agent_name + - amr_phenotype + - amr_measurement_sign + - amr_measurement + - amr_measurement_units + - amr_laboratory_typing_method + - amr_laboratory_typing_platform + - amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version + - amr_vendor_name + - amr_testing_standard + - amr_testing_standard_version + - amr_testing_standard_details + - amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint + - amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint + - amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint + - authors + - dataharmonizer_provenance + slot_usage: + sample_collector_sample_ID: + rank: 1 + slot_group: Database Identifiers + bioproject_accession: + rank: 2 + slot_group: Database Identifiers + biosample_accession: + rank: 3 + slot_group: Database Identifiers + sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email: + rank: 4 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + sample_collected_by: + rank: 5 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + sample_collection_name: + rank: 6 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + sample_collection_ID: + rank: 7 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + sample_collection_URL: + rank: 8 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + sample_collector_contact_email: + rank: 9 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + geo_loc_name_(country): + rank: 10 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory): + rank: 11 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + geo_loc_name_(site): + rank: 12 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + organism: + rank: 13 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + purpose_of_sampling: + rank: 14 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + presampling_activity: + rank: 15 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + presampling_activity_details: + rank: 16 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + experimental_specimen_role_type: + rank: 17 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + experimental_control_details: + rank: 18 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + specimen_processing: + rank: 19 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + specimen_processing_details: + rank: 20 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country): + rank: 21 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country): + rank: 22 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + sample_collection_date: + rank: 23 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + environmental_site: + rank: 24 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + environmental_material: + rank: 25 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + anatomical_material: + rank: 26 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + body_product: + rank: 27 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + anatomical_part: + rank: 28 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + food_product: + rank: 29 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + food_product_properties: + rank: 30 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + collection_device: + rank: 31 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + collection_method: + rank: 32 + slot_group: Sample collection and processing + host_(common_name): + rank: 33 + slot_group: Host information + host_(scientific_name): + rank: 34 + slot_group: Host information + host_disease: + rank: 35 + slot_group: Host information + host_age: + rank: 36 + slot_group: Host Information + host_age_unit: + rank: 37 + slot_group: Host Information + host_gender: + rank: 38 + slot_group: Host Information + isolate_ID: + rank: 39 + slot_group: Strain and isolation information + isolated_by: + rank: 40 + slot_group: Strain and isolation information + isolated_by_contact_email: + rank: 41 + slot_group: Strain and isolation information + sequencing_assay_type: + rank: 42 + slot_group: Sequence information + library_ID: + rank: 43 + slot_group: Sequence information + nucleic_acid_extraction_method: + rank: 44 + slot_group: Sequence information + genomic_target_enrichment_method: + rank: 45 + slot_group: Sequence information + library_preparation_kit: + rank: 46 + slot_group: Sequence information + sequencing_platform: + rank: 47 + slot_group: Sequence information + sequencing_instrument: + rank: 48 + slot_group: Sequence information + purpose_of_sequencing: + rank: 49 + slot_group: Sequence information + purpose_of_sequencing_details: + rank: 50 + slot_group: Sequence information + sequenced_by: + rank: 51 + slot_group: Sequence information + sequenced_by_contact_email: + rank: 52 + slot_group: Sequence information + sequence_submitted_by: + rank: 53 + slot_group: Sequence information + sequence_submitter_contact_email: + rank: 54 + slot_group: Sequence information + raw_sequence_data_processing_method: + rank: 55 + slot_group: Bioinformatics and QC metrics + dehosting_method: + rank: 56 + slot_group: Bioinformatics and QC metrics + number_of_total_reads: + rank: 57 + slot_group: Bioinformatics and QC metrics + amr_testing_by: + rank: 58 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_by_laboratory_name: + rank: 59 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_by_contact_name: + rank: 60 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_by_contact_email: + rank: 61 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_date: + rank: 62 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_agent_name: + rank: 63 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_phenotype: + rank: 64 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_measurement_sign: + rank: 65 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_measurement: + rank: 66 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_measurement_units: + rank: 67 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_laboratory_typing_method: + rank: 68 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_laboratory_typing_platform: + rank: 69 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version: + rank: 70 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_vendor_name: + rank: 71 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_standard: + rank: 72 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_standard_version: + rank: 73 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_standard_details: + rank: 74 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint: + rank: 75 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint: + rank: 76 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint: + rank: 77 + slot_group: Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + authors: + rank: 78 + slot_group: Contributor acknowledgement + dataharmonizer_provenance: + rank: 79 + slot_group: Contributor acknowledgement +slots: + sample_collector_sample_ID: + name: sample_collector_sample_ID + title: sample_collector_sample_ID + description: The user-defined name for the sample. + comments: The sample_ID should represent the identifier assigned to the sample + at time of collection, for which all the descriptive information applies. If + the original sample_ID is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide + a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001123 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: ABCD123 + bioproject_accession: + name: bioproject_accession + title: BioProject_accession + description: The INSDC (i.e., ENA, NCBI, or DDBJ) accession number of the BioProject(s) + to which the BioSample belongs. + comments: Store the BioProject accession number. BioProjects are an organizing + tool that links together raw sequence data, assemblies, and their associated + metadata. Each province will be assigned a different bioproject accession number + by the National Microbiology Lab. A valid NCBI BioProject accession has prefix + PRJN e.g., PRJNA12345, and is created once at the beginning of a new sequencing + project. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001136 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: PRJNA608651 + biosample_accession: + name: biosample_accession + title: BioSample_accession + description: The identifier assigned to a BioSample in INSDC archives. + comments: Store the accession returned from the BioSample submission. NCBI BioSamples + will have the prefix SAMN, while ENA BioSamples will have the prefix SAMEA. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001139 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: SAMN14180202 + sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email: + name: sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email + title: sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email + description: The email address of the individual responsible for the data governance, + (meta)data usage and distribution of the sample. + comments: Provide the email address of the sample collection data steward. This + may or may not be the same individual/organization that collected the sample. + If the contact is the same, provide the same address as the "sample collector + contact email". + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0101107 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: bloggsj@aglab.ca + sample_collected_by: + name: sample_collected_by + title: sample_collected_by + description: The name of the organization with which the sample collector is affiliated. + comments: The name of the agency should be written out in full, (with minor exceptions) + and be consistent across multiple submissions. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001153 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Public Health Agency of Canada + sample_collection_name: + name: sample_collection_name + title: sample_collection_name + description: The name of the sample collection. + comments: If the sample is associated with a particular collection, provide the + name of the sample collection. Type culture collection names can be referenced + here. Private collections and sample collection project names can also be included. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100429 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) + sample_collection_ID: + name: sample_collection_ID + title: sample_collection_ID + description: The identifier associated with the sample collection. + comments: If the sample is associated with a particular collection that can be + refered to by an identifier, provide the identifier of the sample collection. + slot_uri: OBIB:0000001 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: BCRCAMUAMR + sample_collection_URL: + name: sample_collection_URL + title: sample_collection_URL + description: The URL associated with online material about a sample collection. + comments: If the sample collection has online materials that may be useful for + providing context, include the URL associated with the sample collection. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0102067 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: https://www.jpiamr.eu/projects/b2b2b-amrdx/ + sample_collector_contact_email: + name: sample_collector_contact_email + title: sample_collector_contact_email + description: The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding + the sample. + comments: The email address can represent a specific individual or lab e.g. johnnyblogs@lab.ca, + or RespLab@lab.ca + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001156 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: WaterTester@facility.ca + geo_loc_name_(country): + name: geo_loc_name_(country) + title: geo_loc_name_(country) + description: The country of origin of the sample. + comments: If known, select a value from the pick list. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001181 + any_of: + - range: GeoLocNameCountryMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Canada + geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory): + name: geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory) + title: geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory) + description: The state/province/territory of origin of the sample. + comments: 'Provide the state/province/territory name from the GAZ geography ontology. + Search for geography terms here: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/ontologies/ga' + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001185 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Western Cape + geo_loc_name_(site): + name: geo_loc_name_(site) + title: geo_loc_name_(site) + description: The name of a specific geographical location e.g. Credit River (rather + than river). + comments: Provide the name of the specific geographical site using a specific + noun (a word that names a certain place, thing). + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100436 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Credit River + organism: + name: organism + title: organism + description: Taxonomic name of the organism. + comments: Provide the official nomenclature for the organism present in the sample. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001191 + any_of: + - range: OrganismMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201] + purpose_of_sampling: + name: purpose_of_sampling + title: purpose_of_sampling + description: The reason that the sample was collected. + comments: The reason a sample was collected may provide information about potential + biases in sampling strategy. Provide the purpose of sampling from the picklist + in the template. Most likely, the sample was collected for Diagnostic testing. + The reason why a sample was originally collected may differ from the reason + why it was selected for sequencing, which should be indicated in the "purpose + of sequencing" field. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001198 + any_of: + - range: PurposeOfSamplingMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004] + presampling_activity: + name: presampling_activity + title: presampling_activity + description: The experimental activities or variables that affected the sample + collected. + comments: If there was experimental activity that would affect the sample prior + to collection (this is different than sample processing), provide the experimental + activities by selecting one or more values from the template pick list. If the + information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null + value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100433 + any_of: + - range: PresamplingActivityMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537] + presampling_activity_details: + name: presampling_activity_details + title: presampling_activity_details + description: The details of the experimental activities or variables that affected + the sample collected. + comments: Briefly describe the experimental details using free text. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100434 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Chicken feed containing novobiocin was fed to chickens for 72 hours prior + to collection of litter. + experimental_specimen_role_type: + name: experimental_specimen_role_type + title: experimental_specimen_role_type + description: The type of role that the sample represents in the experiment. + comments: Samples can play different types of roles in experiments. A sample under + study in one experiment may act as a control or be a replicate of another sample + in another experiment. This field is used to distinguish samples under study + from controls, replicates, etc. If the sample acted as an experimental control + or a replicate, select a role type from the picklist. If the sample was not + a control, leave blank or select "Not Applicable". + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100921 + any_of: + - range: ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018] + experimental_control_details: + name: experimental_control_details + title: experimental_control_details + description: The details regarding the experimental control contained in the sample. + comments: Provide details regarding the nature of the reference strain used as + a control, or what is was used to monitor. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100922 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + specimen_processing: + name: specimen_processing + title: specimen_processing + description: The processing applied to samples post-collection, prior to further + testing, characterization, or isolation procedures. + comments: Provide the sample processing information by selecting a value from + the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, + leave blank or provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100435 + any_of: + - range: SpecimenProcessingMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Samples pooled [OBI:0600016] + specimen_processing_details: + name: specimen_processing_details + title: specimen_processing_details + description: The details of the processing applied to the sample during or after + receiving the sample. + comments: Briefly describe the processes applied to the sample. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100311 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: 25 samples were pooled and further prepared as a single sample during + library prep. + food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country): + name: food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country) + title: food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country) + description: The country of origin of a food product. + comments: If a food product was sampled and the food product was manufactured + outside of Canada, provide the name of the country where the food product originated + by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown, + cannot be provided, or is not applicable to the sample type, leave blank or + provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100437 + any_of: + - range: GeoLocNameCountryMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: United States of America [GAZ:00002459] + host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country): + name: host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country) + title: host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country) + description: The country of origin of the host. + comments: If a sample is from a human or animal host that originated from outside + of Canada, provide the the name of the country where the host originated by + selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown, + cannot be provided, or is not applicable to the sample type, leave blank or + provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100438 + any_of: + - range: GeoLocNameCountryMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: South Africa [GAZ:00001094] + sample_collection_date: + name: sample_collection_date + title: sample_collection_date + description: The date on which the sample was collected. + comments: Provide the date according to the ISO 8601 standard "YYYY-MM-DD", "YYYY-MM" + or "YYYY". + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001174 + any_of: + - range: date + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: '2020-10-30' + environmental_site: + name: environmental_site + title: environmental_site + description: An environmental location may describe a site in the natural or built + environment e.g. hospital, wet market, bat cave. + comments: If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the + environmental site from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, + separated by a semi-colon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001232 + any_of: + - range: EnvironmentalSiteMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874] + environmental_material: + name: environmental_material + title: environmental_material + description: A substance obtained from the natural or man-made environment e.g. + soil, water, sewage, door handle, bed handrail, face mask. + comments: If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the + environmental material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, + separated by a semi-colon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001223 + any_of: + - range: EnvironmentalMaterialMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Wastewater [ENVO:00002001] + anatomical_material: + name: anatomical_material + title: anatomical_material + description: A substance obtained from an anatomical part of an organism e.g. + tissue, blood. + comments: An anatomical material is a substance taken from the body. If applicable, + select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from + the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001211 + any_of: + - range: AnatomicalMaterialMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Tissue [UBERON:0000479] + - value: Blood [UBERON:0000178] + body_product: + name: body_product + title: body_product + description: A substance excreted/secreted from an organism e.g. feces, urine, + sweat. + comments: A body product is a substance produced by the body but meant to be excreted/secreted + (i.e. not part of the body). If applicable, select the standardized term and + ontology ID for the body product from the picklist provided. Multiple values + can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001216 + any_of: + - range: BodyProductMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Feces [UBERON:0001988] + - value: Urine [UBERON:0001088] + anatomical_part: + name: anatomical_part + title: anatomical_part + description: An anatomical part of an organism e.g. oropharynx. + comments: An anatomical part is a structure or location in the body. If applicable, + select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from + the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001214 + any_of: + - range: AnatomicalPartMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Cloaca [UBERON:0000162] + food_product: + name: food_product + title: food_product + description: A material consumed and digested for nutritional value or enjoyment. + comments: This field includes animal feed. If applicable, select the standardized + term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. + Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100444 + any_of: + - range: FoodProductMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] + food_product_properties: + name: food_product_properties + title: food_product_properties + description: Any characteristic of the food product pertaining to its state, processing, + or implications for consumers. + comments: Provide any characteristics of the food product including whether it + has been cooked, processed, preserved, any known information about its state + (e.g. raw, ready-to-eat), any known information about its containment (e.g. + canned), and any information about a label claim (e.g. organic, fat-free). + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100445 + any_of: + - range: FoodProductPropertiesMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777] + collection_device: + name: collection_device + title: collection_device + description: The instrument or container used to collect the sample e.g. swab. + comments: This field includes animal feed. If applicable, select the standardized + term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. + Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001234 + any_of: + - range: CollectionDeviceMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032] + collection_method: + name: collection_method + title: collection_method + description: The process used to collect the sample e.g. phlebotomy, necropsy. + comments: If applicable, provide the standardized term and ontology ID for the + anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, + separated by a semi-colon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001241 + any_of: + - range: CollectionMethodMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Necropsy [MMO:0000344] + host_(common_name): + name: host_(common_name) + title: host_(common_name) + description: The commonly used name of the host. + comments: Common name or scientific name are required if there was a host. Both + can be provided, if known. Use terms from the pick lists in the template. Common + name e.g. human, bat. If the sample was environmental, put "not applicable. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001386 + any_of: + - range: HostCommonNameMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Human [NCBITaxon:9606] + host_(scientific_name): + name: host_(scientific_name) + title: host_(scientific_name) + description: The taxonomic, or scientific name of the host. + comments: Common name or scientific name are required if there was a host. Both + can be provided, if known. Use terms from the pick lists in the template. Scientific + name e.g. Homo sapiens, If the sample was environmental, put "not applicable + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001387 + any_of: + - range: HostScientificNameMenu + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606] + host_disease: + name: host_disease + title: host_disease + description: The name of the disease experienced by the host. + comments: "This field is only required if there was a host. If the host was a\ + \ human select COVID-19 from the pick list. If the host was asymptomatic, this\ + \ can be recorded under \u201Chost health state details\u201D. \"COVID-19\"\ + \ should still be provided if patient is asymptomatic. If the host is not human,\ + \ and the disease state is not known or the host appears healthy, put \u201C\ + not applicable\u201D." + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001391 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Mastitis [MONDO:0006849] + host_age: + name: host_age + title: host_age + description: Age of host at the time of sampling. + comments: If there was a host and the host age is known, provide the age. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001392 + any_of: + - range: integer + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: '79' + host_age_unit: + name: host_age_unit + title: host_age_unit + description: The units used to measure the host's age. + comments: If known, provide the age units used to measure the host's age from + the pick list. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001393 + any_of: + - range: HostAgeUnitMenu + - range: NullValueMenu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: year + host_gender: + name: host_gender + title: host_gender + description: The gender of the host at the time of sample collection. + comments: If known, select a value from the pick list. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001395 + any_of: + - range: HostGenderMenu + - range: NullValueMenu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Male + isolate_ID: + name: isolate_ID + title: isolate_ID + description: The user-defined identifier for the isolate, as provided by the laboratory + that originally isolated the isolate. + comments: Provide the isolate_ID created by the lab that first isolated the isolate + (i.e. the original isolate ID). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, + leave blank or provide a null value. If only an alternate isolate ID is known + (e.g. the ID from your lab, if your lab did not isolate the isolate from the + original sample), make asure to include it in the alternative_isolate_ID field. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100456 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: SA20131043 + isolated_by: + name: isolated_by + title: isolated_by + description: The name of the agency, organization or institution with which the + individual who performed the isolation procedure is affiliated. + comments: Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that isolated + the original isolate in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown + or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100461 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Public Health Agency of Canada + isolated_by_contact_email: + name: isolated_by_contact_email + title: isolated_by_contact_email + description: The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding + the isolate. + comments: Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover + may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more prefereable to provide + an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional + memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or + provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100464 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + recommended: true + examples: + - value: enterics@lab.ca + sequencing_assay_type: + name: sequencing_assay_type + title: sequencing_assay_type + description: The overarching sequencing methodology that was used to determine + the sequence of a biomaterial. + comments: Provide the name of the DNA or RNA sequencing technology used in your + study. If unsure refer to the protocol documentation, or provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100997 + any_of: + - range: SequencingAssayTypeMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117] + library_ID: + name: library_ID + title: library_ID + description: The user-specified identifier for the library prepared for sequencing. + comments: The library name should be unique, and can be an autogenerated ID from + your LIMS, or modification of the isolate ID. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001448 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: XYZ_123345 + nucleic_acid_extraction_method: + name: nucleic_acid_extraction_method + title: nucleic_acid_extraction_method + description: The process used to extract genomic material from a sample. + comments: Briefly describe the extraction method used. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100939 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Direct wastewater RNA capture and purification via the "Sewage, Salt, + Silica and SARS-CoV-2 (4S)" method v4 found at https://www.protocols.io/view/v-4-direct-wastewater-rna-capture-and-purification-36wgq581ygk5/v4 + genomic_target_enrichment_method: + name: genomic_target_enrichment_method + title: genomic_target_enrichment_method + description: The molecular technique used to selectively capture and amplify specific + regions of interest from a genome. + comments: Provide the name of the enrichment method + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100966 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Hybrid selection method (bait-capture) [GENEPIO:0001950] + library_preparation_kit: + name: library_preparation_kit + title: library_preparation_kit + description: The name of the DNA library preparation kit used to generate the + library being sequenced. + comments: Provide the name of the library preparation kit used. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001450 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Nextera XT + sequencing_platform: + name: sequencing_platform + title: sequencing_platform + description: The platform technology used to perform the sequencing. + comments: Provide the name of the company that created the sequencing instrument + by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown + or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100473 + any_of: + - range: SequencingPlatformMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923] + sequencing_instrument: + name: sequencing_instrument + title: sequencing_instrument + description: The model of the sequencing instrument used. + comments: Provide the model sequencing instrument by selecting a value from the + template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave + blank or provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001452 + any_of: + - range: SequencingInstrumentMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Illumina HiSeq 2500 [GENEPIO:0100117] + purpose_of_sequencing: + name: purpose_of_sequencing + title: purpose_of_sequencing + description: The reason that the sample was sequenced. + comments: The reason why a sample was originally collected may differ from the + reason why it was selected for sequencing. The reason a sample was sequenced + may provide information about potential biases in sequencing strategy. Provide + the purpose of sequencing from the picklist in the template. The reason for + sample collection should be indicated in the "purpose of sampling" field. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001445 + any_of: + - range: PurposeOfSequencingMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001] + purpose_of_sequencing_details: + name: purpose_of_sequencing_details + title: purpose_of_sequencing_details + description: The description of why the sample was sequenced providing specific + details. + comments: 'Provide an expanded description of why the sample was sequenced using + free text. The description may include the importance of the sequences for a + particular public health investigation/surveillance activity/research question. + Suggested standardized descriptions include: Assessing public health control + measures, Determining early introductions and spread, Investigating airline-related + exposures, Investigating remote regions, Investigating health care workers, + Investigating schools/universities.' + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001446 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Hospital outbreak + sequenced_by: + name: sequenced_by + title: sequenced_by + description: The name of the agency, organization or institution responsible for + sequencing the isolate's genome. + comments: Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that performed + the sequencing in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown + or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100416 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Public Health Agency of Canada + sequenced_by_contact_email: + name: sequenced_by_contact_email + title: sequenced_by_contact_email + description: The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding + the sequence. + comments: Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover + may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more prefereable to provide + an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional + memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or + provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100471 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: enterics@lab.ca + sequence_submitted_by: + name: sequence_submitted_by + title: sequence_submitted_by + description: The name of the agency that submitted the sequence to a database. + comments: The name of the agency should be written out in full, (with minor exceptions) + and be consistent across multiple submissions. For Canadian institutions submitting + specimens rather than sequencing data, please put the "National Microbiology + Laboratory (NML)". + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001159 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Public Health Ontario (PHO) + sequence_submitter_contact_email: + name: sequence_submitter_contact_email + title: sequence_submitter_contact_email + description: The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding + the sequence. + comments: The email address can represent a specific individual or laboratory. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001165 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: RespLab@lab.ca + raw_sequence_data_processing_method: + name: raw_sequence_data_processing_method + title: raw_sequence_data_processing_method + description: The names of the software and version number used for raw data processing + such as removing barcodes, adapter trimming, filtering etc. + comments: Provide the software name followed by the version e.g. Trimmomatic v. + 0.38, Porechop v. 0.2.3 + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001458 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Porechop 0.2.3 + dehosting_method: + name: dehosting_method + title: dehosting_method + description: The method used to remove host reads from the pathogen sequence. + comments: Provide the name and version number of the software used to remove host + reads. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001459 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Nanostripper + number_of_total_reads: + name: number_of_total_reads + title: number_of_total_reads + description: The total number of non-unique reads generated by the sequencing + process. + comments: Provide a numerical value (no need to include units). + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100827 + any_of: + - range: integer + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: '423867' + amr_testing_by: + name: amr_testing_by + title: AMR_testing_by + description: The name of the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance + testing. + comments: Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that performed + the AMR testing, in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown + or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100511 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Canadian Food Inspection Agency + amr_testing_by_laboratory_name: + name: amr_testing_by_laboratory_name + title: AMR_testing_by_laboratory_name + description: The name of the lab within the organization that performed the antimicrobial + resistance testing. + comments: Provide the name of the specific laboratory that performed the AMR testing + (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, + leave blank or provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100512 + any_of: + - range: AmrTestingByLaboratoryNameMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Topp Lab + amr_testing_by_contact_name: + name: amr_testing_by_contact_name + title: AMR_testing_by_contact_name + description: The name of the individual or the individual's role in the organization + that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing. + comments: Provide the name of an individual or their job title. As personnel turnover + may render the contact's name obsolete, it is more preferable to provide a job + title for ensuring accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the + information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null + value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100513 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Enterics Lab Manager + amr_testing_by_contact_email: + name: amr_testing_by_contact_email + title: AMR_testing_by_contact_email + description: The email of the individual or the individual's role in the organization + that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing. + comments: Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover + may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more preferable to provide + an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional + memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or + provide a null value. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100514 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: johnnyblogs@lab.ca + amr_testing_date: + name: amr_testing_date + title: AMR_testing_date + description: The date the antimicrobial resistance testing was performed. + comments: Provide the date according to the ISO 8601 standard "YYYY-MM-DD", "YYYY-MM" + or "YYYY". + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100515 + any_of: + - range: date + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: '2022-04-03' + amr_agent_name: + name: amr_agent_name + title: AMR_agent_name + description: The name of the agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, + including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. + comments: The names of the drug have already been matched with measurement, breakpoint, + and phenotype fields in the template. No need to add these unless the drug of + interest is not present. Use the Term Request System to request the addition + of other agents. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100521 + any_of: + - range: AmrAgentNameMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Amoxicillin-clavulanic [ARO:3003997] + amr_phenotype: + name: amr_phenotype + title: AMR_phenotype + description: The antimicrobial resistance phenotype, as determined by the antibiotic + susceptibility measurement and testing standard. + comments: Select a phenotype from the pick list provided. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100525 + any_of: + - range: AmrPhenotypeMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302] + amr_measurement_sign: + name: amr_measurement_sign + title: AMR_measurement_sign + description: The qualifier associated with the antibiotic susceptibility measurement + comments: Select the comparator sign from the pick list provided. Use the Term + Request System to request the addition of other signs if necessary. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100524 + any_of: + - range: AmrMeasurementSignMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006] + amr_measurement: + name: amr_measurement + title: AMR_measurement + description: The measured value of antimicrobial resistance. + comments: This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number + with decimals). + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100522 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: '4' + amr_measurement_units: + name: amr_measurement_units + title: AMR_measurement_units + description: The units of the antimicrobial resistance measurement. + comments: Select the units from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System + to request the addition of other units if necessary. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100523 + any_of: + - range: AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: ug/mL [UO:0000274] + amr_laboratory_typing_method: + name: amr_laboratory_typing_method + title: AMR_laboratory_typing_method + description: The general method used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. + comments: Select a typing method from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request + System to request the addition of other methods if necessary. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100526 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Broth dilution [ARO:3004397] + amr_laboratory_typing_platform: + name: amr_laboratory_typing_platform + title: AMR_laboratory_typing_platform + description: The brand/platform used for antibiotic susceptibility testing + comments: Select a typing platform from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request + System to request the addition of other platforms if necessary. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100527 + any_of: + - range: AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Sensitire [ARO:3004402] + amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version: + name: amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version + title: AMR_laboratory_typing_platform_version + description: The specific name and version of the plate, panel, or other platform + used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. + comments: Include any additional information about the antimicrobial susceptibility + test such as the drug panel details. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100528 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: CMV3AGNF + amr_vendor_name: + name: amr_vendor_name + title: AMR_vendor_name + description: The name of the vendor of the testing platform used. + comments: Provide the full name of the company (avoid abbreviations). + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100529 + any_of: + - range: AmrVendorNameMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Sensititre [ARO:3004402] + amr_testing_standard: + name: amr_testing_standard + title: AMR_testing_standard + description: The testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype + comments: Select a testing standard from the pick list provided. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100530 + any_of: + - range: AmrTestingStandardMenu + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366] + amr_testing_standard_version: + name: amr_testing_standard_version + title: AMR_testing_standard_version + description: The version number associated with the testing standard used for + determination of resistance phenotype + comments: If applicable, include a version number for the testing standard used. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100531 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: M100 + amr_testing_standard_details: + name: amr_testing_standard_details + title: AMR_testing_standard_details + description: The additional details associated with the testing standard used + for determination of resistance phenotype + comments: This information may include the year or location where the testing + standard was published. If not applicable, leave blank. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100520 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: '27th ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute' + - value: '2017.' + amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint: + name: amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint + title: AMR_testing_susceptible_breakpoint + description: "The maximum measurement, in the units specified in the \u201CAMR_measurement_units\u201D\ + \ field, for a sample to be considered \u201Csensitive\u201D to this antibiotic" + comments: "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number\ + \ with decimals), since the \u201C<=\u201D qualifier is implied." + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100516 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: '8' + amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint: + name: amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint + title: AMR_testing_intermediate_breakpoint + description: "The intermediate measurement(s), in the units specified in the \u201C\ + AMR_measurement_units\u201D field, where a sample would be considered to have\ + \ an \u201Cintermediate\u201D phenotype for this antibiotic" + comments: "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number\ + \ with decimals), since the \u201C>_<\u201D qualifier is implied." + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100517 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: '16' + amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint: + name: amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint + title: AMR_testing_resistant_breakpoint + description: "The minimum measurement, in the units specified in the \u201CAMR_measurement_units\u201D\ + \ field, for a sample to be considered \u201Cresistant\u201D to this antibiotic" + comments: "This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number\ + \ with decimals), since the \u201C>=\u201D qualifier is implied." + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0100518 + any_of: + - range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + - range: null value menu + required: true + examples: + - value: '32' + authors: + name: authors + title: authors + description: Names of individuals contributing to the processes of sample collection, + sequence generation, analysis, and data submission. + comments: Include the first and last names of all individuals that should be attributed, + separated by a semicolon. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001517 + range: WhitespaceMinimizedString + recommended: true + examples: + - value: Tejinder Singh + - value: Fei Hu + - value: Joe Blogs + exact_mappings: + - BIOSAMPLE:Authors + dataharmonizer_provenance: + name: dataharmonizer_provenance + title: DataHarmonizer provenance + description: The DataHarmonizer software and template version provenance. + comments: The current software and template version information will be automatically + generated in this field after the user utilizes the "validate" function. This + information will be generated regardless as to whether the row is valid of not. + slot_uri: GENEPIO:0001518 + range: Provenance + examples: + - value: DataHarmonizer v3.3.3, B2B2B v1.0.0 + exact_mappings: + - BIOSAMPLE:DataHarmonizer%20provenance +enums: + NullValueMenu: + name: NullValueMenu + title: null value menu + permissible_values: + Not Applicable [GENEPIO:0001619]: + text: Not Applicable [GENEPIO:0001619] + description: A categorical choice recorded when a datum does not apply to + a given context. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001619 + Missing [GENEPIO:0001618]: + text: Missing [GENEPIO:0001618] + description: A categorical choice recorded when a datum is not included for + an unknown reason. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001618 + Not Collected [GENEPIO:0001620]: + text: Not Collected [GENEPIO:0001620] + description: A categorical choice recorded when a datum was not measured or + collected. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001620 + Not Provided [GENEPIO:0001668]: + text: Not Provided [GENEPIO:0001668] + description: A categorical choice recorded when a datum was collected but + is not currently provided in the information being shared. This value indicates + the information may be shared at the later stage. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001668 + Restricted Access [GENEPIO:0001810]: + text: Restricted Access [GENEPIO:0001810] + description: A categorical choice recorded when a given datum is available + but not shared publicly because of information privacy concerns. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001810 + PurposeOfSamplingMenu: + name: PurposeOfSamplingMenu + title: purpose_of_sampling menu + permissible_values: + Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001]: + text: Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are chosen for investigation + into a disease cluster or outbreak. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100001 + Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002]: + text: Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context + of diagnostic testing. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100002 + Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548]: + text: Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548] + description: A sampling strategy in which environments are sampled in the + context of testing for the presence of, or change in the levels of, chemicals, + pathogens or other phenomena. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100548 + Research [GENEPIO:0100003]: + text: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in order + to perform research. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100003 + Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549]: + text: Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context + of experiments or observations performed as part of clinical research. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100549 + is_a: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550]: + text: Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550] + description: A sampling strategy in which samples are taken during real-life + experiments which test directly whether proposed interventions actually + work. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100550 + is_a: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582]: + text: Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals and/or materials are + sampled for surveillance performed for research purposes. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100582 + is_a: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004]: + text: Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled for surveillance + investigations. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100004 + PresamplingActivityMenu: + name: PresamplingActivityMenu + title: presampling_activity menu + permissible_values: + Addition of substances to food/water [GENEPIO:0100536]: + text: Addition of substances to food/water [GENEPIO:0100536] + description: The addition of substances to food or water administered to an + individual or group of individuals. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100536 + Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537]: + text: Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537] + description: The administration of an antimicrobial agent to an individual + or its addition to a substance prior to some other event or activity. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100537 + Certified animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100538]: + text: Certified animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100538] + description: The implementation of animal husbandy practices that have been + certified by an authorized organization. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100538 + Certified humane animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100894]: + text: Certified humane animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100894] + description: A certification organization in Washington DC that is dedicated + to improving the lives of farm animals in food production from birth through + slaughter. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100894 + is_a: Certified animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100538] + Certified organic farming practices [GENEPIO:0100539]: + text: Certified organic farming practices [GENEPIO:0100539] + description: The implementation of organic farming practices that have been + certified by an authorized organization. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100539 + Conventional farming practices [GENEPIO:0100895]: + text: Conventional farming practices [GENEPIO:0100895] + description: The implementation of farming practices that include man-made + inputs such as chemical fertilizers and genetically-modified seeds. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100895 + Change in storage conditions [GENEPIO:0100540]: + text: Change in storage conditions [GENEPIO:0100540] + description: A change in the storage conditions of a material or a substance. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100540 + Cleaning/disinfection [GENEPIO:0100541]: + text: Cleaning/disinfection [GENEPIO:0100541] + description: A process of removing unwanted substances, such as dirt, infectious + agents, and other impurities, from an object or environment. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100541 + Extended downtime between activities [GENEPIO:0100542]: + text: Extended downtime between activities [GENEPIO:0100542] + description: A prolonged period of inactivity between processes or events. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100542 + Fertilizer pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100543]: + text: Fertilizer pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100543] + description: The addition of fertilizer to a material or environment prior + to some other event or activity. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100543 + Genetic mutation [GENEPIO:0100544]: + text: Genetic mutation [GENEPIO:0100544] + description: A process in which a genetic mutation (or mutations) are created + in an organism. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100544 + Logistic slaughter [GENEPIO:0100545]: + text: Logistic slaughter [GENEPIO:0100545] + description: The logistical planning of events and processes upstream of the + immediate slaughter of an animal (which may include controlling transport + climate; traffic conditions, number of pick-up farms, as well as time and + distance during transport; queuing at the abattoir etc) that optimize operations + and reduce stress on the animal. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100545 + Microbial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100546]: + text: Microbial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100546] + description: The deliberate addition of microbes or a mixture of microbes + to an individual or substance prior to some other event or activity. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100546 + Probiotic pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100547]: + text: Probiotic pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100547] + description: The addition of a probiotic substance to an individual or material + prior to some other event or activity. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100547 + Vaccination [NCIT:C15346]: + text: Vaccination [NCIT:C15346] + description: Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. + This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis + or treatment. + meaning: NCIT:C15346 + ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu: + name: ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu + title: experimental_specimen_role_type menu + permissible_values: + Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018]: + text: Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018] + description: A control specimen that is expected to yield a positive result, + to establish a reference baseline for an experiment. + meaning: GENEPIO:0101018 + Negative experimental control [GENEPIO:0101019]: + text: Negative experimental control [GENEPIO:0101019] + description: A control specimen that is expected to yield a negative result, + to establish a reference baseline for an experiment + meaning: GENEPIO:0101019 + Technical replicate [EFO:0002090]: + text: Technical replicate [EFO:0002090] + description: A technical replicate is a replicate role where the same BioSample + is use e.g. the same pool of RNA used to assess technical (as opposed to + biological) variation within an experiment. + meaning: EFO:0002090 + Biological replicate [EFO:0002091]: + text: Biological replicate [EFO:0002091] + description: A biological replicate is a replicate role that consists of independent + biological replicates made from different individual biosamples. + meaning: EFO:0002091 + SpecimenProcessingMenu: + name: SpecimenProcessingMenu + title: specimen_processing menu + permissible_values: + Samples pooled [OBI:0600016]: + text: Samples pooled [OBI:0600016] + description: Physical combination of several instances of like material + meaning: OBI:0600016 + Isolated from single source [OBI:0002079]: + text: Isolated from single source [OBI:0002079] + description: A collection of specimens that is collected from one source (e.g. + one organism) during a time period which for the purpose of the study can + be considered to be taken at the same sampling time. + meaning: OBI:0002079 + EnvironmentalSiteMenu: + name: EnvironmentalSiteMenu + title: environmental_site menu + permissible_values: + Abattoir [ENVO:01000925]: + text: Abattoir [ENVO:01000925] + description: A facility in which non-human animals are slaughtered and processed + for human consumption. + meaning: ENVO:01000925 + Agricultural Field [ENVO:00000114]: + text: Agricultural Field [ENVO:00000114] + description: A field which is located on land and used for agricultural purposes, + such as the grazing of livestock or the cultivation of crops. + meaning: ENVO:00000114 + Alluvial fan [ENVO:00000314]: + text: Alluvial fan [ENVO:00000314] + description: A fan-shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing stream flattens, + slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain. + [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_fan ] + meaning: ENVO:00000314 + Animal cage [ENVO:01000922]: + text: Animal cage [ENVO:01000922] + description: A manufactured cage which may be used to confine, contain, or + protect an animal. + meaning: ENVO:01000922 + Aquarium [ENVO:00002196]: + text: Aquarium [ENVO:00002196] + description: An aquarium is a vivarium which simulates the submerged portions + of an aquatic environment + meaning: ENVO:00002196 + Artificial wetland [ENVO:03501406]: + text: Artificial wetland [ENVO:03501406] + description: A wetland ecosystem which is constructed to treat municipal or + industrial wastewater, greywater or stormwater runoff. + meaning: ENVO:03501406 + Breeding ground [ENVO:03501441]: + text: Breeding ground [ENVO:03501441] + description: A place where animals breed. + meaning: ENVO:03501441 + Building [ENVO:00000073]: + text: Building [ENVO:00000073] + description: A permanent walled and roofed construction. + meaning: ENVO:00000073 + Barn [ENVO:03501257]: + text: Barn [ENVO:03501257] + description: A farm building used for housing livestock, storing machinery + or crops etc + meaning: ENVO:03501257 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Breeder barn [ENVO:03501383]: + text: Breeder barn [ENVO:03501383] + description: A barn where animals are kept for breeding purposes. + meaning: ENVO:03501383 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Broiler barn [ENVO:03501386]: + text: Broiler barn [ENVO:03501386] + description: A barn where broiler chickens are reared. + meaning: ENVO:03501386 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Sheep barn [ENVO:03501385]: + text: Sheep barn [ENVO:03501385] + description: A barn where sheep are kept. + meaning: ENVO:03501385 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Biodome [ENVO:03501397]: + text: Biodome [ENVO:03501397] + description: A building which encloses one or more self-contained ecosystems + or living environments. + meaning: ENVO:03501397 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Cottage [ENVO:03501393]: + text: Cottage [ENVO:03501393] + description: A human house which is small and is typically in a rural or semi-rural + location. + meaning: ENVO:03501393 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Dairy [ENVO:00003862]: + text: Dairy [ENVO:00003862] + description: A dairy is a building in which animal milk is harvested and, + optionally, processed for human consumption. + meaning: ENVO:00003862 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Hospital [ENVO:00002173]: + text: Hospital [ENVO:00002173] + description: A hospital is a building in which health care services are provided + by specialized staff and equipment. + meaning: ENVO:00002173 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Laboratory facility [ENVO:01001406]: + text: Laboratory facility [ENVO:01001406] + description: A research facility in which systems of manufactured products + control internal conditions and in which scientific or technological research, + experiments, and measurement may be performed. + meaning: ENVO:01001406 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Pigsty [ENVO:03501413]: + text: Pigsty [ENVO:03501413] + description: A small-scale outdoor enclosure for raising domestic pigs as + livestock. + meaning: ENVO:03501413 + is_a: Building [ENVO:00000073] + Building part (organizational term): + text: Building part (organizational term) + description: A part, section, or fixture of a building. + Air intake [ENVO:03501380]: + text: Air intake [ENVO:03501380] + description: A building part which is a pipe, vent or other device that enables + air to be drawn in from outside a building. + meaning: ENVO:03501380 + is_a: Building part (organizational term) + Animal pen [ENVO:03501387]: + text: Animal pen [ENVO:03501387] + description: An animal enclosure for holding livestock. + meaning: ENVO:03501387 + is_a: Building part (organizational term) + Building floor [ENVO:01000486]: + text: Building floor [ENVO:01000486] + description: A building floor is a surface layer which is part of a building + and used for walking. + meaning: ENVO:01000486 + is_a: Building part (organizational term) + Building wall [ENVO:01000465]: + text: Building wall [ENVO:01000465] + description: Building walls are bulding parts which serve to support roofs, + floors and ceilings; enclose a space as part of the building envelope; give + buildings form; and to provide shelter and security. + meaning: ENVO:01000465 + is_a: Building part (organizational term) + Countertop [ENVO:03501404]: + text: Countertop [ENVO:03501404] + description: A manufactured product which is the surface of a table or cabinet + on which work is performed. + meaning: ENVO:03501404 + is_a: Building part (organizational term) + Shelf [ENVO:03501403]: + text: Shelf [ENVO:03501403] + description: A manufactured product which is a flat, long piece of material + fastened horizontally, as on a wall or bookcase, to support objects. + meaning: ENVO:03501403 + is_a: Building part (organizational term) + Stall [EOL:0001903]: + text: Stall [EOL:0001903] + description: Division or compartment for an animal, usually within a house + meaning: EOL:0001903 + is_a: Building part (organizational term) + Window sill [ENVO:03501381]: + text: Window sill [ENVO:03501381] + description: A building part which is a mainly horizontal surface or ledge + at the bottom of a window which provides structural support. + meaning: ENVO:03501381 + is_a: Building part (organizational term) + Creek [ENVO:03501405]: + text: Creek [ENVO:03501405] + description: A stream that is usually smaller than a river. + meaning: ENVO:03501405 + Farm [ENVO:00000078]: + text: Farm [ENVO:00000078] + description: An area of land which is used for the cultivation of crops or + grazing of livestock, including any agricultural constructions therein. + meaning: ENVO:00000078 + Beef farm [ENVO:03501443]: + text: Beef farm [ENVO:03501443] + description: A farm where cows are kept for the purpose of meat production. + meaning: ENVO:03501443 + is_a: Farm [ENVO:00000078] + Breeder farm [ENVO:03501384]: + text: Breeder farm [ENVO:03501384] + description: A farm where animals are kept for breeding purposes. + meaning: ENVO:03501384 + is_a: Farm [ENVO:00000078] + Dairy farm [ENVO:03501416]: + text: Dairy farm [ENVO:03501416] + description: A farm where cows are kept for the purpose of producing milk + and other dairy products. + meaning: ENVO:03501416 + is_a: Farm [ENVO:00000078] + Feedlot [ENVO:01000627]: + text: Feedlot [ENVO:01000627] + description: A feedlot is a plot of land on which livestock are fattened for + market [URL:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feedlot ]. + meaning: ENVO:01000627 + is_a: Farm [ENVO:00000078] + Beef cattle feedlot [ENVO:03501444]: + text: Beef cattle feedlot [ENVO:03501444] + description: A feedlot where beef cattle are kept with a focus on efficient + growth and weight gain of the animals. + meaning: ENVO:03501444 + is_a: Feedlot [ENVO:01000627] + Fish farm [ENVO:00000294]: + text: Fish farm [ENVO:00000294] + description: A facility in which fish are raised commercially in tanks or + enclosures, usually for food. + meaning: ENVO:00000294 + is_a: Farm [ENVO:00000078] + Research farm [ENVO:03501417]: + text: Research farm [ENVO:03501417] + description: A farm which is used for conducting agricultural research. + meaning: ENVO:03501417 + is_a: Farm [ENVO:00000078] + Central Experimental Farm [GAZ:00004603]: + text: Central Experimental Farm [GAZ:00004603] + description: An agricultural facility, working farm, and research centre of + the Research Branch of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. This farm is centrally + located in and completely surrounded by the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. + The CEF is bordered by the Rideau Canal (a National Historic Site as well) + to the east, by Baseline Road to the south, by Merivale and Fisher Roads + to the west, and Carling Avenue to the north. + meaning: GAZ:00004603 + is_a: Research farm [ENVO:03501417] + Freshwater environment [ENVO:01000306]: + text: Freshwater environment [ENVO:01000306] + description: An aquatic environment which is determined by freshwater. + meaning: ENVO:01000306 + Hatchery [ENVO:01001873]: + text: Hatchery [ENVO:01001873] + description: A construction in which eggs are hatched under artificial conditions. + meaning: ENVO:01001873 + Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874]: + text: Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874] + description: A hatchery in which the eggs of poultry are hatched under artificial + conditions + meaning: ENVO:01001874 + is_a: Hatchery [ENVO:01001873] + Lake [ENVO:00000020]: + text: Lake [ENVO:00000020] + description: A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained + in a depression on a landmass. + meaning: ENVO:00000020 + Manure digester facility [ENVO:03501422]: + text: Manure digester facility [ENVO:03501422] + description: A human construction which is a facility in which a manure digester + is housed. + meaning: ENVO:03501422 + Manure lagoon (Anaerobic lagoon) [ENVO:03501423]: + text: Manure lagoon (Anaerobic lagoon) [ENVO:03501423] + description: A human construction which is an outdoor earthen basin filled + with animal waste that undergoes anaerobic respiration as part of a system + designed to manage and treat refuse created by concentrated animal feeding + operations. + meaning: ENVO:03501423 + Manure pit [ENVO:01001872]: + text: Manure pit [ENVO:01001872] + description: A pit which is used for the collection and storage of manure. + meaning: ENVO:01001872 + Marine environment [ENVO:01000320]: + text: Marine environment [ENVO:01000320] + description: A marine environment and enviroment which is determined by a + marine water body. + meaning: ENVO:01000320 + Benthic zone [ENVO:03501440: + text: Benthic zone [ENVO:03501440 + description: The ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water + such as an ocean, lake, or stream, that includes the sediment surface and + some sub-surface layers. + meaning: ENVO:03501440 + is_a: Marine environment [ENVO:01000320] + Pelagic zone [ENVO:00000208]: + text: Pelagic zone [ENVO:00000208] + description: An open ocean region. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean ] + meaning: ENVO:00000208 + is_a: Marine environment [ENVO:01000320] + Park [ENVO:00000562]: + text: Park [ENVO:00000562] + description: A bounded area of land, or water, usually in its natural or semi-natural + (landscaped) state and set aside for some purpose, usually to do with recreation + or conservation. + meaning: ENVO:00000562 + Pond [ENVO:00000033]: + text: Pond [ENVO:00000033] + description: A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake. + meaning: ENVO:00000033 + Reservoir [ENVO:00000025]: + text: Reservoir [ENVO:00000025] + description: An artificial body of water, often contained by a dam, constructed + for the purpose of water storage. + meaning: ENVO:00000025 + Irrigation reservoir [ENVO:00000450]: + text: Irrigation reservoir [ENVO:00000450] + description: A reservoir constructed for the purpose of providing water for + irrigation. + meaning: ENVO:00000450 + is_a: Reservoir [ENVO:00000025] + Retail environment [ENVO:01001448]: + text: Retail environment [ENVO:01001448] + description: A planned environmental usage process during which an environment + supports the sale of goods to ultimate consumers, usually in small quantities. + meaning: ENVO:01001448 + Shop [ENVO:00002221]: + text: Shop [ENVO:00002221] + description: A building in which a business presents a selection of goods + and offers to trade or sell them to customers for money or other goods. + meaning: ENVO:00002221 + is_a: Retail environment [ENVO:01001448] + Butcher shop [ENVO:03501396]: + text: Butcher shop [ENVO:03501396] + description: A food shop in which meat, poultry, and sometimes fish are sold. + meaning: ENVO:03501396 + is_a: Retail environment [ENVO:01001448] + Pet store [ENVO:03501395]: + text: Pet store [ENVO:03501395] + description: A shop which sells companion animals to the public. + meaning: ENVO:03501395 + is_a: Retail environment [ENVO:01001448] + Supermarket [ENVO:01000984]: + text: Supermarket [ENVO:01000984] + description: A food shop in which food products are the primary offer for + sale or trade. + meaning: ENVO:01000984 + is_a: Retail environment [ENVO:01001448] + River [ENVO:00000022]: + text: River [ENVO:00000022] + description: A stream which, through permanent or seasonal flow processes, + moves from elevated land towards lower elevations through a definite channel + and empties either into a sea, lake, or another river or ends on land as + bed seepage and evapotranspiration exceed water supply. + meaning: ENVO:00000022 + Roost (bird) [ENVO:03501439]: + text: Roost (bird) [ENVO:03501439] + description: A perch on which birds rest. + meaning: ENVO:03501439 + Rural area [ENVO:01000772]: + text: Rural area [ENVO:01000772] + description: An area which is outside of a town, city, or urban area. Rural + areas are primarily used for agriculture or pastoralism and may contain + rural settlements. [ http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/am085e/am085e.pdf ] + meaning: ENVO:01000772 + Slough [ENVO:03501438]: + text: Slough [ENVO:03501438] + description: A freshwater wetland, that is usually a swamp or shallow lake, + often a backwater to a larger body of water. + meaning: ENVO:03501438 + Stream [ENVO:00000023]: + text: Stream [ENVO:00000023] + description: A watercourse which is linear and flows across the solid portion + of a planetary surface. [USGS:http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html + ] + meaning: ENVO:00000023 + Trailer [ENVO:03501394]: + text: Trailer [ENVO:03501394] + description: A vehicle which is nonautomative and is designed to be hauled + by a motorized vehicle. + meaning: ENVO:03501394 + Tributary [ENVO:00000495]: + text: Tributary [ENVO:00000495] + description: A stream or river which flows into another river (a parent river) + or body of water but which may not flow directly into the sea. + meaning: ENVO:00000495 + Truck [ENVO:01000602]: + text: Truck [ENVO:01000602] + description: A truck is a motor vehicle which, as its primary funcion, transports + cargo rather than human passangers. + meaning: ENVO:01000602 + Urban area [ENVO:03501437]: + text: Urban area [ENVO:03501437] + description: An area that has a high population density and infrastructure + of built environment. Urban area includes cities, towns, conurbations or + suburbs. + meaning: ENVO:03501437 + Water surface [ENVO:01001191]: + text: Water surface [ENVO:01001191] + description: The surface layer of a volume of water. + meaning: ENVO:01001191 + Woodland area [ENVO:00000109]: + text: Woodland area [ENVO:00000109] + description: Land having a cover of trees, shrubs, or both. + meaning: ENVO:00000109 + Zoo [ENVO:00010625]: + text: Zoo [ENVO:00010625] + description: A facility in which animals are confined within enclosures and + displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred. + meaning: ENVO:00010625 + EnvironmentalMaterialMenu: + name: EnvironmentalMaterialMenu + title: environmental_material menu + permissible_values: + Air [ENVO:00002005]: + text: Air [ENVO:00002005] + description: 'The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% + nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts + of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) + that surrounds the planet Earth.' + meaning: ENVO:00002005 + Alluvium [ENVO:01001202]: + text: Alluvium [ENVO:01001202] + description: Soil or sediment which has been eroded and influenced by flowing + water and redeposited in a non-marine setting. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvium + ] + meaning: ENVO:01001202 + Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675]: + text: Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675] + description: An equipment used to feed and water livestock animals. + meaning: AGRO:00000675 + Animal feeder [AGRO:00000679]: + text: Animal feeder [AGRO:00000679] + description: An animal feeding equipment that has a food storage unit and + which enables livestock to obtain their own food. + meaning: AGRO:00000679 + is_a: Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675] + Animal drinker [AGRO:00000680]: + text: Animal drinker [AGRO:00000680] + description: An animal feeding equipment that has a water storage unit which + enables livestock to obtain their own water. + meaning: AGRO:00000680 + is_a: Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675] + Feed pan [AGRO:00000676]: + text: Feed pan [AGRO:00000676] + description: A bowl or pan which is used to feed livestock. + meaning: AGRO:00000676 + is_a: Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675] + Watering bowl [AGRO:00000677]: + text: Watering bowl [AGRO:00000677] + description: A bowl from which animals can drink. + meaning: AGRO:00000677 + is_a: Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675] + Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671]: + text: Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671] + description: An equipment used in the transportation of an animal + meaning: AGRO:00000671 + Dead haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100896]: + text: Dead haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100896] + description: A trailer used by a dead haul truck to transport dead animal + from an abattoir. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100896 + is_a: Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671] + Dead haul truck [AGRO:00000673]: + text: Dead haul truck [AGRO:00000673] + description: A truck used to haul dead animals from an abattoir. + meaning: AGRO:00000673 + is_a: Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671] + Live haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100897]: + text: Live haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100897] + description: A trailer used by a live haul truck to transport live animals. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100897 + is_a: Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671] + Live haul truck [AGRO:00000674]: + text: Live haul truck [AGRO:00000674] + description: A truck used to haul live animals. + meaning: AGRO:00000674 + is_a: Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671] + Belt [NCIT:C49844]: + text: Belt [NCIT:C49844] + description: A device consisting of a narrow loop of material moving over + shafts or pulleys. + meaning: NCIT:C49844 + Biosolids [ENVO:00002059]: + text: Biosolids [ENVO:00002059] + description: A treated form of sludge, sometimes used as a fertilizer in agriculture. + meaning: ENVO:00002059 + Boot [GSSO:012935]: + text: Boot [GSSO:012935] + description: A footwear which covers the foot, the ankle, and sometimes the + leg below the knee. + meaning: GSSO:012935 + Boot cover [OBI:0002806]: + text: Boot cover [OBI:0002806] + description: A personal protective device which is an impermiable material + which covers a shoe or boot in order to prevent spread of specific environmental + contaminants. + meaning: OBI:0002806 + is_a: Boot [GSSO:012935] + Broom [ENVO:03501431]: + text: Broom [ENVO:03501431] + description: A cleaning equipment piece which is a bundle of fibres attached + to a long handle, and is used for sweeping. + meaning: ENVO:03501431 + Bulk tank [ENVO:03501379]: + text: Bulk tank [ENVO:03501379] + description: A manufactured product which used to safely store and/or transport + solids, liquids, gases and a variety of compounds and mixtures. + meaning: ENVO:03501379 + Chick box [AGRO:00000678]: + text: Chick box [AGRO:00000678] + description: The box which is used to transport chick (juvenile chicken). + meaning: AGRO:00000678 + Chick pad [AGRO:00000672]: + text: Chick pad [AGRO:00000672] + description: The lining of a box or crate used to transport chicks (juvenile + chickens). + meaning: AGRO:00000672 + Cleaning equipment [ENVO:03501430]: + text: Cleaning equipment [ENVO:03501430] + description: An equipment piece used for cleaning a built environment or a + manufactured product. + meaning: ENVO:03501430 + Compost [ENVO:00002170]: + text: Compost [ENVO:00002170] + description: The aerobically decomposed remnants of organic materials. + meaning: ENVO:00002170 + Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186]: + text: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + description: A type of water that contains contaminants such as pathogens, + debris, chemicals, etc. + meaning: ENVO:00002186 + Fecal slurry [ENVO:03501436]: + text: Fecal slurry [ENVO:03501436] + description: A mixture of fecal material mixed, buffer, and other materials, + that is homogenized and strained and used in fecal microbiota translpantation. + meaning: ENVO:03501436 + is_a: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + Fluid from meat rinse [GENEPIO:0004323]: + text: Fluid from meat rinse [GENEPIO:0004323] + description: A type of fluid obtained from rinsing meat for the purpose of + collecting materials and organisms that are on its surface. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004323 + is_a: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + Effluent [ENVO:03501407]: + text: Effluent [ENVO:03501407] + description: Contaminated water which eminates from a structure such as a + wastewater treatment plant, sewer pipe, or industrial outfall, into the + environment. + meaning: ENVO:03501407 + is_a: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + Influent [ENVO:03501442]: + text: Influent [ENVO:03501442] + description: Contaminated or untreated water which is flowing into a wastewater + treatment plant for processing. + meaning: ENVO:03501442 + is_a: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + Surface runoff [ENVO:03501408]: + text: Surface runoff [ENVO:03501408] + description: Surface water which is 1) from some rainwater, stormwater, meltwater, + or other local source and 2) which can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate + into soil, and instead flows along a drainage slope. + meaning: ENVO:03501408 + is_a: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + Poultry plucking water [AGRO:00000693]: + text: Poultry plucking water [AGRO:00000693] + description: A type of water obtained from rinsing poultry carcasses during + the feather plucking process. + meaning: AGRO:00000693 + is_a: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + Wastewater [ENVO:00002001]: + text: Wastewater [ENVO:00002001] + description: Water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic + influence. + meaning: ENVO:00002001 + is_a: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + Weep fluid [AGRO:00000692]: + text: Weep fluid [AGRO:00000692] + description: A fluid that leaks from a bag containing an animal carcass, and + can include water, chemicals and anatomical fluids. + meaning: AGRO:00000692 + is_a: Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] + Crate [ENVO:03501372]: + text: Crate [ENVO:03501372] + description: A manufactured product which is a container, traditionally made + of wooden slates, designed to protect transported goods from damage. + meaning: ENVO:03501372 + Dumpster [ENVO:03501400]: + text: Dumpster [ENVO:03501400] + description: A manufactured product which is a reusable container that accumulates + waste until it is periodically emptied or replaced. + meaning: ENVO:03501400 + Dust [ENVO:00002008]: + text: Dust [ENVO:00002008] + description: Minute solid particles with diameters less than 500 micrometers. + Occurs in and may be deposited from, the atmosphere. + meaning: ENVO:00002008 + Egg belt [AGRO:00000670]: + text: Egg belt [AGRO:00000670] + description: A conveyor belt used to collect eggs in an industrial egg production + environment. + meaning: AGRO:00000670 + Fan [NCIT:C49947]: + text: Fan [NCIT:C49947] + description: A device designed to create an air current through the rotation + of a planar surface. + meaning: NCIT:C49947 + Freezer [ENVO:03501415]: + text: Freezer [ENVO:03501415] + description: A manufactured product which is a device used to keep things + frozen by maintaining a temperature below the freezing point of water. + meaning: ENVO:03501415 + Freezer handle [ENVO:03501414]: + text: Freezer handle [ENVO:03501414] + description: A manufactured product which is the handle of a freezer door. + meaning: ENVO:03501414 + is_a: Freezer [ENVO:03501415] + Manure [ENVO:00003031]: + text: Manure [ENVO:00003031] + description: Organic matter, mostly animal feces, that is used as organic + fertilizer in agriculture. + meaning: ENVO:00003031 + Animal manure [AGRO:00000079]: + text: Animal manure [AGRO:00000079] + description: Organic matter mostly derived from animal feces which can be + used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. + meaning: AGRO:00000079 + is_a: Manure [ENVO:00003031] + Pig manure [ENVO:00003860]: + text: Pig manure [ENVO:00003860] + description: Manure which is primarily composed of pig feces. + meaning: ENVO:00003860 + is_a: Manure [ENVO:00003031] + Manure digester equipment [ENVO:03501424]: + text: Manure digester equipment [ENVO:03501424] + description: An equipment piece which is used in the aerobic or anaerobic + microbial digestion of manure. + meaning: ENVO:03501424 + Nest [ENVO:03501432]: + text: Nest [ENVO:03501432] + description: A structure that is built for certain animals to hold eggs or + young. + meaning: ENVO:03501432 + Bird's nest [ENVO:00005805]: + text: Bird's nest [ENVO:00005805] + description: A bird nest is the spot in which a bird lays and incubates its + eggs and raises its young. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_nest ] + meaning: ENVO:00005805 + is_a: Nest [ENVO:03501432] + Permafrost [ENVO:00000134]: + text: Permafrost [ENVO:00000134] + description: Soil or rock and included ice or organic material at or below + the freezing point of water (0 degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Fahrenheit) + for two or more years. + meaning: ENVO:00000134 + Plucking belt [AGRO:00000669]: + text: Plucking belt [AGRO:00000669] + description: A part of the plucking machine that moves the birds through the + stages of plucking within the plucking apparatus. + meaning: AGRO:00000669 + Poultry fluff [UBERON:0008291]: + text: Poultry fluff [UBERON:0008291] + description: A feather lacking a vane and having a rudimentary rachis and + a tuft of non-interlocked barbs with elongated barbules extending from the + calamus. + meaning: UBERON:0008291 + Poultry litter [AGRO:00000080]: + text: Poultry litter [AGRO:00000080] + description: An animal manure that contains poultry excreta, spilled feed, + feathers, and material used as bedding in poultry operations. + meaning: AGRO:00000080 + Sediment [ENVO:00002007]: + text: Sediment [ENVO:00002007] + description: Sediment is an environmental substance comprised of any particulate + matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited + as a layer of solid particles on the bedor bottom of a body of water or + other liquid. + meaning: ENVO:00002007 + Soil [ENVO:00001998]: + text: Soil [ENVO:00001998] + description: Soil is an environmental material which is primarily composed + of minerals, varying proportions of sand, silt, and clay, organic material + such as humus, gases, liquids, and a broad range of resident micro- and + macroorganisms. + meaning: ENVO:00001998 + Agricultural soil [ENVO:00002259]: + text: Agricultural soil [ENVO:00002259] + description: A type of soil used for agriculture that supports the physical, + chemical, and biological needs of the desired crop during production. + meaning: ENVO:00002259 + is_a: Soil [ENVO:00001998] + Forest soil [ENVO:00002261]: + text: Forest soil [ENVO:00002261] + description: A portion of soil which is found in a forested area. + meaning: ENVO:00002261 + is_a: Soil [ENVO:00001998] + Straw [ENVO:00003869]: + text: Straw [ENVO:00003869] + description: An agricultural byproduct, the dry stalk of a cereal plant, after + the nutrient grain or seed has been removed. + meaning: ENVO:00003869 + Canola straw [FOODON:00004430]: + text: Canola straw [FOODON:00004430] + description: A straw of a canola plant (Brassica napus var. napus). + meaning: FOODON:00004430 + is_a: Straw [ENVO:00003869] + Oat straw [FOODON:03309878]: + text: Oat straw [FOODON:03309878] + description: A straw of an oat plant (Avena sativa) + meaning: FOODON:03309878 + is_a: Straw [ENVO:00003869] + Barley straw [FOODON:00004559]: + text: Barley straw [FOODON:00004559] + description: A straw of a barley plant (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) + meaning: FOODON:00004559 + is_a: Straw [ENVO:00003869] + Sludge [ENVO:00002044]: + text: Sludge [ENVO:00002044] + description: The residual semi-solid material left from domestic or industrial + processes, or wastewater treatment processes. + meaning: ENVO:00002044 + Primary sludge [ENVO:00002057]: + text: Primary sludge [ENVO:00002057] + description: Sludge generated from the initial processes (i.e., precipitation, + sedimentation) of wastewater treatment. + meaning: ENVO:00002057 + is_a: Sludge [ENVO:00002044] + Secondary sludge [ENVO:00002058]: + text: Secondary sludge [ENVO:00002058] + description: Activated waste biomass generated during wastewater treatment. + meaning: ENVO:00002058 + is_a: Sludge [ENVO:00002044] + Water [CHEBI:15377]: + text: Water [CHEBI:15377] + description: An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently + bonded to two hydrogen atoms. + meaning: CHEBI:15377 + Drinking water [ENVO:00003064]: + text: Drinking water [ENVO:00003064] + description: Water which is suitable for consumption by humans + meaning: ENVO:00003064 + is_a: Water [CHEBI:15377] + Groundwater [ENVO:01001004]: + text: Groundwater [ENVO:01001004] + description: Underground water which is located in pore spaces found in rock + or unconsolidated deposits such as soil, clay, or gravel. + meaning: ENVO:01001004 + is_a: Water [CHEBI:15377] + Surface water [ENVO:00002042]: + text: Surface water [ENVO:00002042] + description: Water that is found on the surface of an astronomical object. + meaning: ENVO:00002042 + is_a: Water [CHEBI:15377] + AnatomicalMaterialMenu: + name: AnatomicalMaterialMenu + title: anatomical_material menu + permissible_values: + Blood [UBERON:0000178]: + text: Blood [UBERON:0000178] + description: A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes. + meaning: UBERON:0000178 + Fluid [UBERON:0006314]: + text: Fluid [UBERON:0006314] + description: Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are + excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is + not. + meaning: UBERON:0006314 + Fluid (cerebrospinal (CSF)) [UBERON:0001359]: + text: Fluid (cerebrospinal (CSF)) [UBERON:0001359] + description: A clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid + space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal + cord. + meaning: UBERON:0001359 + is_a: Fluid [UBERON:0006314] + Fluid (amniotic) [UBERON:0000173]: + text: Fluid (amniotic) [UBERON:0000173] + description: Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid + surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. + meaning: UBERON:0000173 + is_a: Fluid [UBERON:0006314] + Saliva [UBERON:0001836]: + text: Saliva [UBERON:0001836] + description: A fluid produced in the oral cavity by salivary glands, typically + used in predigestion, but also in other functions. + meaning: UBERON:0001836 + is_a: Fluid [UBERON:0006314] + Tissue [UBERON:0000479]: + text: Tissue [UBERON:0000479] + description: Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells + of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their + long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range + organisation. + meaning: UBERON:0000479 + BodyProductMenu: + name: BodyProductMenu + title: body_product menu + permissible_values: + Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898]: + text: Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898] + description: Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found + in the digestive tract. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100898 + Caecal content [GENEPIO:0100899]: + text: Caecal content [GENEPIO:0100899] + description: Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found + in the cecum + meaning: GENEPIO:0100899 + is_a: Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898] + Intestinal content [GENEPIO:0100900]: + text: Intestinal content [GENEPIO:0100900] + description: Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found + in the intestine + meaning: GENEPIO:0100900 + is_a: Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898] + Stomach content [GENEPIO:0100901]: + text: Stomach content [GENEPIO:0100901] + description: Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found + in the stomach + meaning: GENEPIO:0100901 + is_a: Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898] + Feces [UBERON:0001988]: + text: Feces [UBERON:0001988] + description: Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus. + meaning: UBERON:0001988 + Fecal composite [GENEPIO:0004512]: + text: Fecal composite [GENEPIO:0004512] + description: A mixture of feces obtained from multiple individuals. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004512 + is_a: Feces [UBERON:0001988] + Feces (fresh) [GENEPIO:0004513]: + text: Feces (fresh) [GENEPIO:0004513] + description: Feces that was recently excreted. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004513 + is_a: Feces [UBERON:0001988] + Feces (environmental) [GENEPIO:0004514]: + text: Feces (environmental) [GENEPIO:0004514] + description: Feces which is deposited in the environment. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004514 + is_a: Feces [UBERON:0001988] + Meconium [UBERON:0007109]: + text: Meconium [UBERON:0007109] + description: A dark greenish mass that accumulates in the bowel during fetal + life and is discharged shortly after birth. + meaning: UBERON:0007109 + is_a: Feces [UBERON:0001988] + Milk [UBERON:0001913]: + text: Milk [UBERON:0001913] + description: An emulsion of fat globules within a fluid that is secreted by + the mammary gland during lactation. + meaning: UBERON:0001913 + Colostrum [UBERON:0001914]: + text: Colostrum [UBERON:0001914] + description: 'The thin, yellow, serous fluid secreted by the mammary glands + during pregnancy and immediately postpartum before lactation begins. It + consists of immunologically active substances, white blood cells, water, + protein, fat, and carbohydrates. [ MESH : A12.200.194 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colostrum + ]' + meaning: UBERON:0001914 + is_a: Milk [UBERON:0001913] + Urine [UBERON:0001088]: + text: Urine [UBERON:0001088] + description: Excretion that is the output of a kidney. + meaning: UBERON:0001088 + AnatomicalPartMenu: + name: AnatomicalPartMenu + title: anatomical_part menu + permissible_values: + Carcass [UBERON:0008979]: + text: Carcass [UBERON:0008979] + description: A body of a multi-cellular organism that is no longer living. + meaning: UBERON:0008979 + Swine carcass [FOODON:03311719]: + text: Swine carcass [FOODON:03311719] + description: A carcass of a swine. + meaning: FOODON:03311719 + is_a: Carcass [UBERON:0008979] + Digestive system [UBERON:0001007]: + text: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + description: Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to + the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of + residual wastes. + meaning: UBERON:0001007 + Caecum [UBERON:0001153]: + text: Caecum [UBERON:0001153] + description: pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the + ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by + the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is + also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction. + meaning: UBERON:0001153 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Colon [UBERON:0001155]: + text: Colon [UBERON:0001155] + description: A portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum. + In mammals, the colon is the most part of the large intestine, excluding + the vermiform appendix, the rectum and the anal canal. + meaning: UBERON:0001155 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Digestive gland [UBERON:0006925]: + text: Digestive gland [UBERON:0006925] + description: Any gland that is part of the digestive system. + meaning: UBERON:0006925 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Foregut [UBERON:0001041]: + text: Foregut [UBERON:0001041] + description: Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract. + meaning: UBERON:0001041 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Gall bladder [UBERON:0002110]: + text: Gall bladder [UBERON:0002110] + description: An organ that aids digestion and stores bile produced by the + liver. + meaning: UBERON:0002110 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Gastrointestinal system mucosa [UBERON:0004786]: + text: Gastrointestinal system mucosa [UBERON:0004786] + description: A mucosa that is part of a gastrointestinal system. + meaning: UBERON:0004786 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Gizzard [UBERON:0005052]: + text: Gizzard [UBERON:0005052] + description: The muscular enlargement of the alimentary canal that has usually + thick muscular walls and a tough horny lining for grinding the food and + when the crop is present follows it and the proventriculus. + meaning: UBERON:0005052 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Hindgut [UBERON:0001046]: + text: Hindgut [UBERON:0001046] + description: The caudalmost subdivision of a digestive tract. + meaning: UBERON:0001046 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Intestine [UBERON:0000160]: + text: Intestine [UBERON:0000160] + description: Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to + the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the + small intestine and the large intestine. + meaning: UBERON:0000160 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Small intestine [UBERON:0002108]: + text: Small intestine [UBERON:0002108] + description: 'Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to + the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of + food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small + intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: + duodenum, jejunem, ileum.' + meaning: UBERON:0002108 + is_a: Intestine [UBERON:0000160] + Duodenum [UBERON:0002114]: + text: Duodenum [UBERON:0002114] + description: The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the + stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum + first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually + caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a + ventral and a dorsal one). + meaning: UBERON:0002114 + is_a: Intestine [UBERON:0000160] + Ileum [UBERON:0002116]: + text: Ileum [UBERON:0002116] + description: The portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum + to the colon. + meaning: UBERON:0002116 + is_a: Intestine [UBERON:0000160] + Jejunum [UBERON:0002115]: + text: Jejunum [UBERON:0002115] + description: The portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum + to the ileum. + meaning: UBERON:0002115 + is_a: Intestine [UBERON:0000160] + Stomach [UBERON:0000945]: + text: Stomach [UBERON:0000945] + description: An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves + as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in + whole or in part by a glandular epithelium. + meaning: UBERON:0000945 + is_a: Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] + Abomasum [UBERON:0007358]: + text: Abomasum [UBERON:0007358] + description: The fourth stomach of ruminating animals, which is an elongated + pear-shaped sac lying on the floor of the abdomen, on the right-hand side, + and roughly between the seventh and twelfth ribs. It leads to the beginning + of the small intestine. + meaning: UBERON:0007358 + is_a: Stomach [UBERON:0000945] + Rumen [UBERON:0007365]: + text: Rumen [UBERON:0007365] + description: The first compartment of the ruminant stomach. It lies on the + left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen + and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. + It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has + a blind sac at its posterior extremity. + meaning: UBERON:0007365 + is_a: Stomach [UBERON:0000945] + Excretory system (organizational term): + text: Excretory system (organizational term) + description: An organ or anatomical structure associated with excretion or + detoxification of substances in the body. + Anus [UBERON:0001245]: + text: Anus [UBERON:0001245] + description: 'Orifice at the opposite end of an animal''s digestive tract + from the mouth. Its function is to expel feces, unwanted semi-solid matter + produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be + one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones; food + material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose + or lignin; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive + tract; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts.' + meaning: UBERON:0001245 + is_a: Excretory system (organizational term) + Anal gland [UBERON:0011253]: + text: Anal gland [UBERON:0011253] + description: A type of gland occurring as solitary or in pairs or groups, + near the anus and sometimes opening into the rectum. + meaning: UBERON:0011253 + is_a: Excretory system (organizational term) + Cloaca [UBERON:0000162]: + text: Cloaca [UBERON:0000162] + description: Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system + opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes + subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures. + meaning: UBERON:0000162 + is_a: Excretory system (organizational term) + Liver [UBERON:0002107]: + text: Liver [UBERON:0002107] + description: An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism + of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in + the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, + stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes + meaning: UBERON:0002107 + is_a: Excretory system (organizational term) + Kidney [UBERON:0002113]: + text: Kidney [UBERON:0002113] + description: A paired organ of the urinary tract which has the production + of urine as its primary function. + meaning: UBERON:0002113 + is_a: Excretory system (organizational term) + Rectum [UBERON:0001052]: + text: Rectum [UBERON:0001052] + description: The terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with + the anus. + meaning: UBERON:0001052 + is_a: Excretory system (organizational term) + Spleen [UBERON:0002106]: + text: Spleen [UBERON:0002106] + description: The organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles + and platelets. + meaning: UBERON:0002106 + is_a: Excretory system (organizational term) + Urinary bladder [UBERON:0001255]: + text: Urinary bladder [UBERON:0001255] + description: Distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior + part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion. + meaning: UBERON:0001255 + is_a: Excretory system (organizational term) + Foot [UBERON:0002387]: + text: Foot [UBERON:0002387] + description: 'The terminal part of the vertebrate leg upon which an individual + stands. 2: An invertebrate organ of locomotion or attachment; especially: + a ventral muscular surface or process of a mollusk.' + meaning: UBERON:0002387 + Head [UBERON:0000033]: + text: Head [UBERON:0000033] + description: The head is the anterior-most division of the body. + meaning: UBERON:0000033 + is_a: Foot [UBERON:0002387] + Brain [UBERON:0000955]: + text: Brain [UBERON:0000955] + description: The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, + and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as jellyfish + and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while + sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located + in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus + of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell. + meaning: UBERON:0000955 + is_a: Foot [UBERON:0002387] + Ear [UBERON:0001690]: + text: Ear [UBERON:0001690] + description: Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection + of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle + ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains + the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, + the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals. + meaning: UBERON:0001690 + is_a: Foot [UBERON:0002387] + Eye [UBERON:0000970]: + text: Eye [UBERON:0000970] + description: An organ that detects light. + meaning: UBERON:0000970 + is_a: Foot [UBERON:0002387] + Mouth [UBERON:0000165]: + text: Mouth [UBERON:0000165] + description: The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral + cavity and bounded by the oral opening. In vertebrates, this extends to + the pharynx and includes gums, lips, tongue and parts of the palate. Typically + also includes the teeth, except where these occur elsewhere (e.g. pharyngeal + jaws) or protrude from the mouth (tusks). + meaning: UBERON:0000165 + is_a: Foot [UBERON:0002387] + Nose [UBERON:0000004]: + text: Nose [UBERON:0000004] + description: The olfactory organ of vertebrates, consisting of nares, olfactory + epithelia and the structures and skeletal framework of the nasal cavity. + meaning: UBERON:0000004 + is_a: Foot [UBERON:0002387] + Nasal turbinal [UBERON:0035612]: + text: Nasal turbinal [UBERON:0035612] + description: A skeletal element of the ethmoid region with complex morphology + that are lined with mucuous membranes involved in either olfaction or air + conditioning. + meaning: UBERON:0035612 + is_a: Nose [UBERON:0000004] + Nasopharynx (NP) [UBERON:0001728]: + text: Nasopharynx (NP) [UBERON:0001728] + description: The section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate. + meaning: UBERON:0001728 + is_a: Nose [UBERON:0000004] + Pair of nares [UBERON:0002109]: + text: Pair of nares [UBERON:0002109] + description: Pair of nostrils. + meaning: UBERON:0002109 + is_a: Nose [UBERON:0000004] + Paranasal sinus [UBERON:0001825]: + text: Paranasal sinus [UBERON:0001825] + description: The paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the + face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal + cavity. + meaning: UBERON:0001825 + is_a: Nose [UBERON:0000004] + Snout [UBERON:0006333]: + text: Snout [UBERON:0006333] + description: The projecting nose and mouth of an animal, especially a mammal. + meaning: UBERON:0006333 + is_a: Nose [UBERON:0000004] + Lymphatic system [UBERON:0006558]: + text: Lymphatic system [UBERON:0006558] + description: An organ system subdivision that is a network of vessels capable + of removing accumulating protein and fluid from the interstitial space and + returning it to the vascular space. In some species, this network is connected + to the immune system via lymph nodes and lymphocyte-producing organs, with + the whole being the lymphoid system. + meaning: UBERON:0006558 + Lymph node [UBERON:0000029]: + text: Lymph node [UBERON:0000029] + description: Any of the rounded masses of lymphoid tissue that are surrounded + by a capsule of connective tissue, are distributed along the lymphatic vessels, + and contain numerous lymphocytes which filter the flow of lymph. + meaning: UBERON:0000029 + is_a: Lymphatic system [UBERON:0006558] + Mesenteric lymph node [UBERON:0002509]: + text: Mesenteric lymph node [UBERON:0002509] + description: 'The lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are + 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group.' + meaning: UBERON:0002509 + is_a: Lymph node [UBERON:0000029] + Mantle (bird) [GENEPIO:0100927]: + text: Mantle (bird) [GENEPIO:0100927] + description: The forward area of a bird's upper side that is sandwiched between + the nape and the start of the back. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100927 + Neck [UBERON:0000974]: + text: Neck [UBERON:0000974] + description: An organism subdivision that extends from the head to the pectoral + girdle, encompassing the cervical vertebral column. + meaning: UBERON:0000974 + Esophagus [UBERON:0001043]: + text: Esophagus [UBERON:0001043] + description: Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the + oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous + non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through + the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus + (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main + body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland + opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae + (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where + the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, + i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia + of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation. + meaning: UBERON:0001043 + is_a: Neck [UBERON:0000974] + Trachea [UBERON:0003126]: + text: Trachea [UBERON:0003126] + description: The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the + bronchi as it branches. + meaning: UBERON:0003126 + is_a: Neck [UBERON:0000974] + Nerve [UBERON:0001021]: + text: Nerve [UBERON:0001021] + description: An enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous + system originating in a nerve root in the central nervous system (or a condensed + nervous structure) connecting with peripheral structures. + meaning: UBERON:0001021 + Spinal cord [UBERON:0002240]: + text: Spinal cord [UBERON:0002240] + description: Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal + continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane + of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which + nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated + nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal. + meaning: UBERON:0002240 + is_a: Nerve [UBERON:0001021] + Organs or organ parts [GENEPIO:0001117]: + text: Organs or organ parts [GENEPIO:0001117] + description: An object aggregate which has as members whole organs or parts + of organs, possibly from different organisms. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001117 + Organ [UBERON:0000062]: + text: Organ [UBERON:0000062] + description: Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group + of functions + meaning: UBERON:0000062 + is_a: Organs or organ parts [GENEPIO:0001117] + Muscle organ [UBERON:0001630]: + text: Muscle organ [UBERON:0001630] + description: Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells + that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical + work. + meaning: UBERON:0001630 + is_a: Organ [UBERON:0000062] + Skin of body [UBERON:0002097]: + text: Skin of body [UBERON:0002097] + description: The organ covering the body that consists of the dermis and epidermis. + meaning: UBERON:0002097 + is_a: Organ [UBERON:0000062] + Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990]: + text: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + description: Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned + with reproduction. + meaning: UBERON:0000990 + Embryo [UBERON:0000922]: + text: Embryo [UBERON:0000922] + description: Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages + of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying + down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ + systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation + and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation + and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from + zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, + this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells + to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of + the parent plant. + meaning: UBERON:0000922 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Fetus [UBERON:0000323]: + text: Fetus [UBERON:0000323] + description: An embryo that is at the late embryonic stage; this stage covers + late steps of the embryogenesis with a fully formed embryo still developing + before birth or egg hatching + meaning: UBERON:0000323 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Ovary [UBERON:0000992]: + text: Ovary [UBERON:0000992] + description: The gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells. + meaning: UBERON:0000992 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Oviduct [UBERON:0000993]: + text: Oviduct [UBERON:0000993] + description: A tube or collection of tubes in an animal from the ovaries to + the outside of the body. + meaning: UBERON:0000993 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Placenta [UBERON:0001987]: + text: Placenta [UBERON:0001987] + description: Organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly + of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion + of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is + known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring + villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic + shell. + meaning: UBERON:0001987 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Testis [UBERON:0000473]: + text: Testis [UBERON:0000473] + description: A gonad of a male animal. A gonad produces and releases sperm. + meaning: UBERON:0000473 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Udder [UBERON:0013216]: + text: Udder [UBERON:0013216] + description: A large pendulous organ consisting of two or more mammary glands + enclosed in a common envelope and each provided with a single nipple. + meaning: UBERON:0013216 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Uterus [UBERON:0000995]: + text: Uterus [UBERON:0000995] + description: The female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing + embryo or fetus is nourished until birth. + meaning: UBERON:0000995 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Vagina [UBERON:0000996]: + text: Vagina [UBERON:0000996] + description: A fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the + exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the + cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles + meaning: UBERON:0000996 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Yolk sac [UBERON:0001040]: + text: Yolk sac [UBERON:0001040] + description: A sac-like expansion of the ventral wall of the intestine, narrowed + into a yolk stalk near the body[Hyman's]. Membranous sac attached to an + embryo, providing early nourishment in the form of yolk in bony fishes, + sharks, reptiles, birds, and primitive mammals. It functions as the developmental + circulatory system of the human embryo, before internal circulation begins. + In the mouse, the yolk sac is the first site of blood formation, generating + primitive macrophages and erythrocytes. + meaning: UBERON:0001040 + is_a: Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] + Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004]: + text: Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004] + description: Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration. + meaning: UBERON:0001004 + Air sac [UBERON:0009060]: + text: Air sac [UBERON:0009060] + description: Any of the membranous air-filled extensions of the lungs of birds, + which increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the lungs. + meaning: UBERON:0009060 + is_a: Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004] + Lung [UBERON:0002048]: + text: Lung [UBERON:0002048] + description: Respiration organ that develops as an outpocketing of the esophagus + meaning: UBERON:0002048 + is_a: Vascular system [UBERON:0007798] + Pleura [UBERON:0000977]: + text: Pleura [UBERON:0000977] + description: The invaginated serous membrane that surrounds the lungs (the + visceral portion) and lines the walls of the pleural cavity (parietal portion). + meaning: UBERON:0000977 + is_a: Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004] + Respiratory system mucosa [UBERON:0004785]: + text: Respiratory system mucosa [UBERON:0004785] + description: The mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract. + meaning: UBERON:0004785 + is_a: Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004] + Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434]: + text: Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434] + description: Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical + cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system. + meaning: UBERON:0001434 + Skeletal joint [UBERON:0000982]: + text: Skeletal joint [UBERON:0000982] + description: Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal + structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue. + meaning: UBERON:0000982 + is_a: Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434] + Bone element [UBERON:0001474]: + text: Bone element [UBERON:0001474] + description: Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue. + meaning: UBERON:0001474 + is_a: Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434] + Thoracic segment of trunk [UBERON:0000915]: + text: Thoracic segment of trunk [UBERON:0000915] + description: Subdivision of trunk that lies between the head and the abdomen. + meaning: UBERON:0000915 + Abdomen [UBERON:0000916]: + text: Abdomen [UBERON:0000916] + description: The subdivision of the vertebrate body between the thorax and + pelvis. The ventral part of the abdomen contains the abdominal cavity and + visceral organs. The dorsal part includes the abdominal section of the vertebral + column. + meaning: UBERON:0000916 + is_a: Thoracic segment of trunk [UBERON:0000915] + Muscle of abdomen [UBERON:0002378]: + text: Muscle of abdomen [UBERON:0002378] + description: 'Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external + oblique, rectus abdominis.' + meaning: UBERON:0002378 + is_a: Abdomen [UBERON:0000916] + Peritoneum [UBERON:0002358]: + text: Peritoneum [UBERON:0002358] + description: 'Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external + oblique, rectus abdominis.' + meaning: UBERON:0002358 + is_a: Abdomen [UBERON:0000916] + Vascular system [UBERON:0007798]: + text: Vascular system [UBERON:0007798] + description: Anatomical system that consists of all blood and lymph vessels. + meaning: UBERON:0007798 + Blood vessel [UBERON:0001981]: + text: Blood vessel [UBERON:0001981] + description: A vessel through which blood circulates in the body. + meaning: UBERON:0001981 + is_a: Vascular system [UBERON:0007798] + Bursa of Fabricius [UBERON:0003903]: + text: Bursa of Fabricius [UBERON:0003903] + description: An epithelial and lymphoid organ that develops as a dorsal diverticulum + of the proctodeal region of the cloaca in birds. The luminal (interior) + surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary + plicae or folds. These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing + follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma + cells. Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during + ontogeny. In the bursa, these stem cells acquire the characteristics of + mature, immunocompetent B cells. The bursa is an organ found in birds involved + in B cell differentiation. + meaning: UBERON:0003903 + is_a: Vascular system [UBERON:0007798] + Gill [UBERON:0002535]: + text: Gill [UBERON:0002535] + description: Anatomical surface structure found in many aquatic organisms. + It is a respiration organ whose function is the extraction of oxygen from + water and the excretion of carbon dioxide. The microscopic structure of + a gill is such that it presents a very large surface area to the external + environment. Gills usually consist of thin filaments of tissue, branches, + or slender tufted processes which have a highly folded surface to increase + surface area. A high surface area is crucial to the gas exchange of aquatic + organisms as water contains only 1/20 parts dissolved Oxygen compared to + air. With the exception of some aquatic insects, the filaments and lamellae + (folds) contain blood or coelomic fluid, from which gases are exchanged + through the thin walls. Oxygen is carried by the blood to other parts of + the body. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood through the thin gill tissue + into the water. Gills or gill-like organs, located in different parts of + the body, are found in various groups of aquatic animals, including mollusks, + crustaceans, insects, fish, and amphibians. [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gill + ] + meaning: UBERON:0002535 + is_a: Vascular system [UBERON:0007798] + Heart [UBERON:0000948]: + text: Heart [UBERON:0000948] + description: A myogenic muscular circulatory organ found in the vertebrate + cardiovascular system composed of chambers of cardiac muscle. It is the + primary circulatory organ. + meaning: UBERON:0000948 + is_a: Vascular system [UBERON:0007798] + Pericardium [UBERON:0002407]: + text: Pericardium [UBERON:0002407] + description: The combination of pericardial sac (a double-walled sac containing + the heart and the roots of the great vessels) plus fibrous pericardium. + meaning: UBERON:0002407 + is_a: Vascular system [UBERON:0007798] + Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298]: + text: Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298] + description: The external opening of the rectum or cloaca. + meaning: UBERON:2000298 + Bird vent [UBERON:0012464]: + text: Bird vent [UBERON:0012464] + description: The opening of the cloacal chamber to the outside of the organism. + Birds maintain a single cloacal opening throughout their lives. [ http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165 + ] + meaning: UBERON:0012464 + is_a: Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298] + Fish vent [GENEPIO:0100902]: + text: Fish vent [GENEPIO:0100902] + description: The external opening which opens to the reproductive and digestive + tracts of the fish. During spawning, the vent serves as an outlet for eggs + and sperm. In most fishes, the vent is in front of the anal fin. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100902 + is_a: Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298] + FoodProductMenu: + name: FoodProductMenu + title: food_product menu + permissible_values: + Animal feed [ENVO:02000047]: + text: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + description: Food material which can be used to meet nutritional requirements + of animals, particularly livestock such as cattle, goats, sheep, horses, + chickens and pigs. + meaning: ENVO:02000047 + Blood meal [FOODON:00001564]: + text: Blood meal [FOODON:00001564] + description: Blood meal is a dry, inert powder made from blood used as a high-nitrogen + organic fertilizer and a high protein animal feed. + meaning: FOODON:00001564 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Bone meal [ENVO:02000054]: + text: Bone meal [ENVO:02000054] + description: A mixture of crushed and coarsely ground bones that is used as + an organic fertilizer for plants and formerly in animal feed. + meaning: ENVO:02000054 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Brassica carinata meal [FOODON:00004310]: + text: Brassica carinata meal [FOODON:00004310] + description: A meal that is a co-product produced after the extraction of + oil from the seed of the Ethiopian mustard plant (Brassica carinata). + meaning: FOODON:00004310 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Canola meal [FOODON:00002694]: + text: Canola meal [FOODON:00002694] + description: Canola meal is an oilseed meal made from canola grain. Canola + meal is a by-product of the oil crushing process. + meaning: FOODON:00002694 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Compound feed premix [FOODON:00004323]: + text: Compound feed premix [FOODON:00004323] + description: A formula mixture of micronutrients that is used as a component + in compound feed. + meaning: FOODON:00004323 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Compound feed premix (medicated) [FOODON:00004324]: + text: Compound feed premix (medicated) [FOODON:00004324] + description: A compound feed premix in which medicinal substance has been + added. + meaning: FOODON:00004324 + is_a: Compound feed premix [FOODON:00004323] + Feather meal [FOODON:00003927]: + text: Feather meal [FOODON:00003927] + description: A by product of processing poultry which is made from poultry + feathers by partially grinding them under elevated heat and pressure, and + then grinding and drying. + meaning: FOODON:00003927 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Fish meal [FOODON:03301620]: + text: Fish meal [FOODON:03301620] + description: Fish meal is primarily used as a protein supplement in compound + feed. As of 2010, about 56% of fish meal was used to feed farmed fish, about + 20% was used in pig feed, about 12% in poultry feed, and about 12% in other + uses, which included fertilizer. + meaning: FOODON:03301620 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Lay ration [FOODON:00004286]: + text: Lay ration [FOODON:00004286] + description: Food formulated for the laying hens to increase egg production + and egg shell quality. + meaning: FOODON:00004286 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Meat and bone meal [FOODON:00002738]: + text: Meat and bone meal [FOODON:00002738] + description: "Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a product of the rendering industry.\ + \ It is typically about 48\u201352% protein, 33\u201335% ash, 8\u201312%\ + \ fat, and 4\u20137% water. It is primarily used in the formulation of animal\ + \ feed to improve the amino acid profile of the feed." + meaning: FOODON:00002738 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Meat meal [FOODON:00004282]: + text: Meat meal [FOODON:00004282] + description: A meal that is obtained by cooking, defatting, sterilizing, grinding, + and sifting by-products of an animal. + meaning: FOODON:00004282 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Pet food [FOODON:00002682]: + text: Pet food [FOODON:00002682] + description: Pet food is plant or animal material intended for consumption + by pets. + meaning: FOODON:00002682 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Soybean meal [FOODON:03302757]: + text: Soybean meal [FOODON:03302757] + description: A type of ground protein-rich residue from the production of + soybean oil used chiefly in animal feeds, in adhesives and plastics, in + making synthetic protein fibers, and in fermentation media (as for the production + of antibiotics). + meaning: FOODON:03302757 + is_a: Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] + Animal feed ingredient [FOODON:00004322]: + text: Animal feed ingredient [FOODON:00004322] + description: An ingredient that is used in the preparation of animal feed. + meaning: FOODON:00004322 + Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256]: + text: Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256] + description: A dairy food product has mammilian milk or a milk component as + an ingredient. + meaning: FOODON:00001256 + Cheese block (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000287]: + text: Cheese block (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000287] + description: A whole cheese block or some substance made from a block of processed + cheese. + meaning: FOODON:03000287 + is_a: Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256] + Cow skim milk (powdered) [FOODON:03310016]: + text: Cow skim milk (powdered) [FOODON:03310016] + description: Milk powder that is obtained by removing all of the water from + pasteurized skim milk. + meaning: FOODON:03310016 + is_a: Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256] + Milk [UBERON:0001913]: + text: Milk [UBERON:0001913] + description: An emulsion of fat globules within a fluid that is secreted by + the mammary gland during lactation. + meaning: UBERON:0001913 + is_a: Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256] + Dietary supplement [FOODON:03401298]: + text: Dietary supplement [FOODON:03401298] + description: Index dietary/food supplements according to legal and market + definitions. + meaning: FOODON:03401298 + Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194]: + text: Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194] + description: Poultry, game bird or turtle eggs. + meaning: FOODON:03420194 + Balut [FOODON:03302184]: + text: Balut [FOODON:03302184] + description: A fertilized developing egg embryo that is boiled and eaten from + the shell. + meaning: FOODON:03302184 + is_a: Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194] + Egg yolk [UBERON:0007378]: + text: Egg yolk [UBERON:0007378] + description: The yellow spheroidal mass of stored food that forms the inner + portion of the egg of a bird or reptile and is surrounded by the white. + meaning: UBERON:0007378 + is_a: Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194] + Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414]: + text: Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414] + description: A food product consisting mainly of poultry eggs or derivatives. + meaning: FOODON:03000414 + is_a: Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194] + Hen egg (whole) [FOODON:03316061]: + text: Hen egg (whole) [FOODON:03316061] + description: An egg produced by a chicken hen. + meaning: FOODON:03316061 + is_a: Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414] + Poultry egg (whole, shell on) [FOODON:03000415]: + text: Poultry egg (whole, shell on) [FOODON:03000415] + description: A whole egg with a shell from poultry. + meaning: FOODON:03000415 + is_a: Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414] + Food mixture [FOODON:00004130]: + text: Food mixture [FOODON:00004130] + description: A mixture of two or more separate food components + meaning: FOODON:00004130 + Food product analog (food subsitute) [FOODON:00001871]: + text: Food product analog (food subsitute) [FOODON:00001871] + description: A type of food substance used as a replacement for another type + of food that looks and behaves similarly e.g. imitation crab meant, almond + milk. + meaning: FOODON:00001871 + Milk substitute [FOODON:03305408]: + text: Milk substitute [FOODON:03305408] + description: An edible substance that resembles milk. + meaning: FOODON:03305408 + is_a: Food product analog (food subsitute) [FOODON:00001871] + Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170]: + text: Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170] + description: A meat product is a product organized by the form of - or processing + done to - its meat component (a skeletal meat part of an animal or crustacean). + meaning: FOODON:03317170 + Cutlet [FOODON:00003001]: + text: Cutlet [FOODON:00003001] + description: A thin slice of meat from the leg or ribs of veal, pork, chicken, + or mutton. + meaning: FOODON:00003001 + is_a: Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170] + Filet [FOODON:03530144]: + text: Filet [FOODON:03530144] + description: A boneless cut or slice of meat or fish. + meaning: FOODON:03530144 + is_a: Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170] + Liver (whole, raw) [FOODON:03309772]: + text: Liver (whole, raw) [FOODON:03309772] + description: A whole raw liver is a whole liver organ obtained from an animal + during a butchery process. + meaning: FOODON:03309772 + is_a: Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170] + Meat trim [FOODON:03309475]: + text: Meat trim [FOODON:03309475] + description: A meat part that has been cut from a large piece of meat and + is too small to be sold individually. + meaning: FOODON:03309475 + is_a: Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170] + Rib (meat cut) [FOODON:03530023]: + text: Rib (meat cut) [FOODON:03530023] + description: The joined section of meat and bone cut from the ribs of an animal. + meaning: FOODON:03530023 + is_a: Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170] + Rib chop [FOODON:00004290]: + text: Rib chop [FOODON:00004290] + description: A cut of meat that comes from the rib section of an animal. + meaning: FOODON:00004290 + is_a: Rib (meat cut) [FOODON:03530023] + Shoulder (meat cut) [FOODON:03530043]: + text: Shoulder (meat cut) [FOODON:03530043] + description: A boneless cut of meat from the area where the clod meets the + edge of the pectoral muscle in an animal. + meaning: FOODON:03530043 + is_a: Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170] + Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term): + text: Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term) + description: A food product consisting of grains and/or cereals. + Bread loaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000288]: + text: Bread loaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000288] + description: A whole bread loaf or some substance made from a loaf of processed + bread. + meaning: FOODON:03000288 + is_a: Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term) + Breakfast cereal [FOODON:03311075]: + text: Breakfast cereal [FOODON:03311075] + description: Breakfast food that is made from processed cereal grains and + is often consumed with dairy products such as milk. + meaning: FOODON:03311075 + is_a: Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term) + Bulk grain [FOODON:03309390]: + text: Bulk grain [FOODON:03309390] + description: A large quantity of grain without any retail packaging. + meaning: FOODON:03309390 + is_a: Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term) + Oat grain [FOODON:00003429]: + text: Oat grain [FOODON:00003429] + description: A caryopsis fruit of an oat plant (Avena sativa). + meaning: FOODON:00003429 + is_a: Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term) + Legume food product [FOODON:00001264]: + text: Legume food product [FOODON:00001264] + description: A one-celled fruit (pod) usually dehiscing down both sutures, + and having the seed attached along a ventral suture. + meaning: FOODON:00001264 + Chickpea (whole) [FOODON:03306811]: + text: Chickpea (whole) [FOODON:03306811] + description: A seed of a chickpea plant (Cicer arietinum). + meaning: FOODON:03306811 + is_a: Legume food product [FOODON:00001264] + Hummus [FOODON:00003049]: + text: Hummus [FOODON:00003049] + description: Hummus is a Levantine dip or spread made from cooked, mashed + chickpeas or other beans, blended with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt, + and garlic. + meaning: FOODON:00003049 + is_a: Legume food product [FOODON:00001264] + Soybean (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000245]: + text: Soybean (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000245] + description: A whole soybean or some substance made from a processed soybean. + meaning: FOODON:03000245 + is_a: Legume food product [FOODON:00001264] + Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term): + text: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + description: A food product that consists of some meat, poultry or fish. + Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282]: + text: Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282] + description: A ground beef product is made of beef that has been finely chopped + with a knife or a meat grinder (American English) or mincing machine (British + English). Ground beef is used in many recipes including hamburgers and spaghetti + Bolognese. + meaning: FOODON:00001282 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Beef (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:0001282]: + text: Beef (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:0001282] + description: Ground or minced beef that has had no bone material in it. + meaning: FOODON:0001282 + is_a: Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282] + Beef (ground, extra lean) [FOODON:02000426]: + text: Beef (ground, extra lean) [FOODON:02000426] + description: A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced beef. + meaning: FOODON:02000426 + is_a: Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282] + Beef (ground, lean) [FOODON:02000425]: + text: Beef (ground, lean) [FOODON:02000425] + description: A food product made of lean, ground or minced beef. + meaning: FOODON:02000425 + is_a: Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282] + Beef (ground, medium) [FOODON:02000427]: + text: Beef (ground, medium) [FOODON:02000427] + description: A food product made of medium, ground or minced beef. + meaning: FOODON:02000427 + is_a: Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282] + Beef (ground, regular) [FOODON:02000428]: + text: Beef (ground, regular) [FOODON:02000428] + description: A food product made of regular, ground or minced beef. + meaning: FOODON:02000428 + is_a: Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282] + Beef (ground, sirloin) [FOODON:02000429]: + text: Beef (ground, sirloin) [FOODON:02000429] + description: Ground or minced beef that comes from the sirloin region. + meaning: FOODON:02000429 + is_a: Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282] + Beef hamburger (dish) [FOODON:00002737]: + text: Beef hamburger (dish) [FOODON:00002737] + description: 'A hamburger (short: burger) is a sandwich consisting of one + or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced + bread roll or bun. The patty may be pan fried, grilled, or flame broiled.' + meaning: FOODON:00002737 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Beef shoulder [FOODON:02000069]: + text: Beef shoulder [FOODON:02000069] + description: The primal cut of beef taken from the shoulder region. + meaning: FOODON:02000069 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Beef shoulder chop [FOODON:03000387]: + text: Beef shoulder chop [FOODON:03000387] + description: Meat chop from the shoulder region of beef. + meaning: FOODON:03000387 + is_a: Beef shoulder [FOODON:02000069] + Beef sirloin chop [FOODON:03000389]: + text: Beef sirloin chop [FOODON:03000389] + description: Meat chop from the sirloin region of beef + meaning: FOODON:03000389 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Beef stew chunk [FOODON:00004288]: + text: Beef stew chunk [FOODON:00004288] + description: A chunk of beef used as an ingredient in making stew. + meaning: FOODON:00004288 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Beef tenderloin [FOODON:00003302]: + text: Beef tenderloin [FOODON:00003302] + description: A cut of beef corresponding to the psoas major muscle, which + is very tender. + meaning: FOODON:00003302 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Beef (pieces) [FOODON:02000412]: + text: Beef (pieces) [FOODON:02000412] + description: A whole cut of beef or some substance made from processed beef. + meaning: FOODON:02000412 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Brisket [FOODON:03530020]: + text: Brisket [FOODON:03530020] + description: A cut of meat from the breast or lower chest of beef or veal. + meaning: FOODON:03530020 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703]: + text: Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] + description: Chicken breast consists mainly of the breast meat portion of + a chicken, and may or may not include connected bone (boneless versus "with + bone") and skin. + meaning: FOODON:00002703 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Chicken breast (back off) [FOODON:03000385]: + text: Chicken breast (back off) [FOODON:03000385] + description: A chicken breast with its backbone removed. + meaning: FOODON:03000385 + is_a: Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] + Chicken breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020231]: + text: Chicken breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020231] + description: A chicken breast after the skin has been removed. + meaning: FOODON:02020231 + is_a: Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] + Chicken breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020233]: + text: Chicken breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020233] + description: A chicken breast that still contains the skin. + meaning: FOODON:02020233 + is_a: Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] + Chicken breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020235]: + text: Chicken breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020235] + description: A chicken breast that has had skin and bone material removed. + meaning: FOODON:02020235 + is_a: Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] + Chicken breast cutlet [FOODON:00004308]: + text: Chicken breast cutlet [FOODON:00004308] + description: A cutlet made from chicken breast. + meaning: FOODON:00004308 + is_a: Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] + Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716]: + text: Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716] + description: The segment of a chicken's leg between the thigh and tarsus (ankle). + meaning: FOODON:00002716 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Chicken drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020237]: + text: Chicken drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020237] + description: A chicken drumstick after the skin has been removed. + meaning: FOODON:02020237 + is_a: Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716] + Chicken drumstick(with skin) [FOODON:02020239]: + text: Chicken drumstick(with skin) [FOODON:02020239] + description: A chicken drumstick that still contains the skin. + meaning: FOODON:02020239 + is_a: Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716] + Chicken meat [FOODON:00001040]: + text: Chicken meat [FOODON:00001040] + description: Meat from a chicken + meaning: FOODON:00004239 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311]: + text: Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311] + description: A food product made of ground or minced chicken meat. + meaning: FOODON:03311826 + is_a: Chicken meat [FOODON:00001040] + Chicken meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000392]: + text: Chicken meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000392] + description: A food product made of lean, ground or minced chicken meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000392 + is_a: Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311] + Chicken meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000396]: + text: Chicken meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000396] + description: A food product made of extra lean, ground or minced chicken meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000396 + is_a: Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311] + Chicken meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000400]: + text: Chicken meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000400] + description: A food product made of medium, ground or minced chicken meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000400 + is_a: Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311] + Chicken meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000404]: + text: Chicken meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000404] + description: A food product made of regular, ground or minced chicken meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000404 + is_a: Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311] + Chicken meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000410]: + text: Chicken meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000410] + description: Ground or minced chicken meat that has had no bone material in + it. + meaning: FOODON:02020311 + is_a: Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311] + Chicken nugget [FOODON:00002672]: + text: Chicken nugget [FOODON:00002672] + description: A chicken nugget is a chicken product made from chicken meat + that is breaded or battered, then deep-fried or baked. + meaning: FOODON:00002672 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219]: + text: Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219] + description: A whole thigh that derives from a chicken. + meaning: FOODON:02020219 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Chicken thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003331]: + text: Chicken thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003331] + description: A chicken thigh after the skin has been removed. + meaning: FOODON:00003331 + is_a: Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219] + Chicken thigh (skinless, with bone) [FOODON:02020227]: + text: Chicken thigh (skinless, with bone) [FOODON:02020227] + description: A chicken thigh that is skinless and contains bone element. + meaning: FOODON:02020227 + is_a: Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219] + Chicken thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020228]: + text: Chicken thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020228] + description: A chicken thigh that has had skin and bone material removed. + meaning: FOODON:02020228 + is_a: Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219] + Chicken upper thigh [FOODON:03000381]: + text: Chicken upper thigh [FOODON:03000381] + description: Meat from the upper thigh of a chicken. + meaning: FOODON:03000381 + is_a: Chicken thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020228] + Chicken upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000383]: + text: Chicken upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000383] + description: A chicken upper thigh that contains the skin. + meaning: FOODON:03000383 + is_a: Chicken upper thigh [FOODON:03000381] + Chicken thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003330]: + text: Chicken thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003330] + description: A chicken thigh that contains skin. + meaning: FOODON:00003330 + is_a: Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219] + Chicken thigh (with skin, with bone) [FOODON:00003363]: + text: Chicken thigh (with skin, with bone) [FOODON:00003363] + description: A chicken thigh that contains skin and bone material. + meaning: FOODON:00003363 + is_a: Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219] + Chicken wing [FOODON:00002674]: + text: Chicken wing [FOODON:00002674] + description: A whole wing that derives from a chicken. + meaning: FOODON:00002674 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Fish food product [FOODON:00001248]: + text: Fish food product [FOODON:00001248] + description: A fish food product includes products made from any fish species + (aquatic vertebrate with gills and fins). + meaning: FOODON:00001248 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Fish steak [FOODON:00002986]: + text: Fish steak [FOODON:00002986] + description: A fish steak, alternatively known as a fish cutlet, is a cut + of fish which is cut perpendicular to the spine and can either include the + bones or be boneless. + meaning: FOODON:00002986 + is_a: Fish food product [FOODON:00001248] + Ham food product [FOODON:00002502]: + text: Ham food product [FOODON:00002502] + description: Ham is pork from a leg cut that has been preserved by wet or + dry curing, with or without smoking. As a processed meat, the term "ham" + includes both whole cuts of meat and ones that have been mechanically formed. + meaning: FOODON:00002502 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Head cheese [FOODON:03315658]: + text: Head cheese [FOODON:03315658] + description: Head cheese is a cold cut that originated in Europe. Head cheese + is not a dairy cheese, but a terrine or meat jelly made with flesh from + the head of a calf or pig, or less commonly a sheep or cow, and often set + in aspic. A version pickled with vinegar is known as souse. + meaning: FOODON:03315658 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Lamb [FOODON:03411669]: + text: Lamb [FOODON:03411669] + description: A whole lamb or some material processed from a lamb. + meaning: FOODON:03411669 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Meat strip [FOODON:00004285]: + text: Meat strip [FOODON:00004285] + description: A cut of meat which is long, narrow and boneless. + meaning: FOODON:00004285 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Mutton [FOODON:00002912]: + text: Mutton [FOODON:00002912] + description: The meat of an adult sheep is mutton, a term only used for the + meat, not the living animals. + meaning: FOODON:00002912 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Pork chop [FOODON:00001049]: + text: Pork chop [FOODON:00001049] + description: A cut of meat (a meat chop) cut perpendicularly to the spine + of the pig and usually containing a rib or part of a vertebra, served as + an individual portion. + meaning: FOODON:00001049 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718]: + text: pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718] + description: Meat from a pig that has been ground or minced. + meaning: FOODON:03309969 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Pork meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000413]: + text: Pork meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000413] + description: Ground or minced pork meat that has had no bone material in it. + meaning: FOODON:02021718 + is_a: pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718] + Pork meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000399]: + text: Pork meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000399] + description: A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced pork meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000399 + is_a: pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718] + Pork meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000395]: + text: Pork meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000395] + description: A food product made of lean, ground or minced pork meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000395 + is_a: pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718] + Pork meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000403]: + text: Pork meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000403] + description: A food product made of medium, ground or minced pork meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000403 + is_a: pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718] + Pork meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000407]: + text: Pork meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000407] + description: A food product made of regular, ground or minced pork meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000407 + is_a: pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718] + Pork meat (ground or minced, Sirloin) [FOODON:03000409]: + text: Pork meat (ground or minced, Sirloin) [FOODON:03000409] + description: Ground or minced pork meat that comes from the sirloin region. + meaning: FOODON:03000409 + is_a: pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718] + Pork shoulder [FOODON:02000322]: + text: Pork shoulder [FOODON:02000322] + description: "The primal cut from a pig\u2019s shoulder, above the forelegs." + meaning: FOODON:02000322 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Pork shoulder chop [FOODON:03000388]: + text: Pork shoulder chop [FOODON:03000388] + description: Meat chop from the blade roast of pork. + meaning: FOODON:03000388 + is_a: Pork shoulder [FOODON:02000322] + Pork sirloin chop [FOODON:02000300]: + text: Pork sirloin chop [FOODON:02000300] + description: Pork chop from the sirloin region. + meaning: FOODON:02000300 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Pork steak [FOODON:02021757]: + text: Pork steak [FOODON:02021757] + description: Pork steaks are steaks cut from the shoulder of the pig. + meaning: FOODON:02021757 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Pork tenderloin [FOODON:02000306]: + text: Pork tenderloin [FOODON:02000306] + description: A cut of pork corresponding to the psoas major muscle which is + very tender. + meaning: FOODON:02000306 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883]: + text: Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883] + description: Any meat from one or more poultry birds. + meaning: FOODON:03315883 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Leg (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530159]: + text: Leg (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530159] + description: The leg cut of a poultry bird. + meaning: FOODON:03530159 + is_a: Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883] + Poultry drumstick [FOODON:00003469]: + text: Poultry drumstick [FOODON:00003469] + description: The calf part of a poultry hindleg (hindlimb zeugopod) + meaning: FOODON:00003469 + is_a: Leg (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530159] + Neck (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530294]: + text: Neck (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530294] + description: The neck cut of a poultry bird. + meaning: FOODON:03530294 + is_a: Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883] + Thigh (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530160]: + text: Thigh (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530160] + description: The thigh cut of a poultry bird. + meaning: FOODON:03530160 + is_a: Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883] + Wing (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530157]: + text: Wing (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530157] + description: The wing cut of a poultry bird. + meaning: FOODON:03530157 + is_a: Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883] + Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904]: + text: Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904] + description: A food product that is highly seasoned minced meat and is encased + in a skin in the shape of a cylinder. + meaning: FOODON:03315904 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Pepperoni [FOODON:03311003]: + text: Pepperoni [FOODON:03311003] + description: A highly seasoned and spicy beef or pork sausage. + meaning: FOODON:03311003 + is_a: Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904] + Salami [FOODON:03312067]: + text: Salami [FOODON:03312067] + description: A cured sausage which consists of fermented and air-dried meat, + typically pork. + meaning: FOODON:03312067 + is_a: Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904] + Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]: + text: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + description: The term shellfish is used both broadly and specifically. For + regulatory purposes it is often narrowly defined as filter-feeding molluscs + such as clams, mussels, and oyster to the exclusion of crustaceans and all + else. Although their shells may differ, all shellfish are invertebrates. + meaning: FOODON:03411433 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Mussel [FOODON:03411223]: + text: Mussel [FOODON:03411223] + description: Mussel is the common name used for members of several families + of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and freshwater habitats. These groups + have in common a shell whose outline is elongated and asymmetrical compared + with other edible clams, which are often more or less rounded or oval. + meaning: FOODON:03411223 + is_a: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + Oyster [FOODON:03411224]: + text: Oyster [FOODON:03411224] + description: Oyster is the common name for a number of different families + of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. + In some species the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular + in shape. True oysters are members of the family *Ostreidae*. This family + includes the edible oysters, which mainly belong to the genera *Ostrea, + Crassostrea, Ostreola, Magallana, Saccostrea*. Pearl oysters are not closely + related to true oysters, being members of a distinct family, the feathered + oysters (*Pteriidae*). + meaning: FOODON:03411224 + is_a: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + Shrimp [FOODON:03301673]: + text: Shrimp [FOODON:03301673] + description: A whole shrimp or some material processed from a shrimp. + meaning: FOODON:03301673 + is_a: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + Scallop [FOODON:02020805]: + text: Scallop [FOODON:02020805] + description: Scallop is a common name that is primarily applied to any one + of numerous species of saltwater clams or marine bivalve mollusks in the + taxonomic family Pectinidae, the scallops. However, the common name "scallop" + is also sometimes applied to species in other closely related families within + the superfamily Pectinoidea, which also includes the thorny oysters. + meaning: FOODON:02020805 + is_a: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + Squid [FOODON:03411205]: + text: Squid [FOODON:03411205] + description: A squid is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, + eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder Decapodiformes. + meaning: FOODON:03411205 + is_a: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690]: + text: Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690] + description: Turkey breast consists mainly of the breast meat portion of a + turkey, and may or may not include connected bone ("deboned or boneless + versus bone-in") and skin. + meaning: FOODON:00002690 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Turkey breast (back off) [FOODON:03000386]: + text: Turkey breast (back off) [FOODON:03000386] + description: A turkey breast with its backbone removed. + meaning: FOODON:03000386 + is_a: Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690] + Turkey breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020495]: + text: Turkey breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020495] + description: A turkey breast after the skin has been removed. + meaning: FOODON:02020495 + is_a: Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690] + Turkey breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020499]: + text: Turkey breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020499] + description: A turkey breast that has had skin and bone material removed. + meaning: FOODON:02020499 + is_a: Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690] + Turkey breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020497]: + text: Turkey breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020497] + description: A turkey breast that still contains the skin. + meaning: FOODON:02020497 + is_a: Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690] + Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477]: + text: Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477] + description: Meat from the lower joint of the leg of a turkey. + meaning: FOODON:02020477 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Turkey drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020501]: + text: Turkey drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020501] + description: A turkey drumstick after the skin has been removed. + meaning: FOODON:02020501 + is_a: Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477] + Turkey drumstick (with skin) [FOODON:02020503]: + text: Turkey drumstick (with skin) [FOODON:02020503] + description: A turkey drumstick that still contains the skin. + meaning: FOODON:02020503 + is_a: Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477] + Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286]: + text: Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286] + description: A turkey meat food product is any food product made predominantly + of turkey parts. + meaning: FOODON:00001286 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Turkey meat (ground) [FOODON:02020577]: + text: Turkey meat (ground) [FOODON:02020577] + description: A food product made of ground or minced turkey meat. + meaning: FOODON:00002714 + is_a: Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286] + Turkey meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000393]: + text: Turkey meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000393] + description: A food product made of lean, ground or minced turkey meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000393 + is_a: Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286] + Turkey meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000397]: + text: Turkey meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000397] + description: A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced turkey meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000397 + is_a: Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286] + Turkey meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000401]: + text: Turkey meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000401] + description: A food product made of medium, ground or minced turkey meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000401 + is_a: Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286] + Turkey meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000405]: + text: Turkey meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000405] + description: A food product made of regular, ground or minced turkey meat. + meaning: FOODON:03000405 + is_a: Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286] + Turkey meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000411]: + text: Turkey meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000411] + description: Ground or minced turkey meat that has had no bone material in + it. + meaning: FOODON:02020577 + is_a: Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286] + Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325]: + text: Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325] + description: A thigh poultry cut of turkey. + meaning: FOODON:00003325 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Turkey thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003329]: + text: Turkey thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003329] + description: A turkey thigh after the skin has been removed. + meaning: FOODON:00003329 + is_a: Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325] + Turkey thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020491]: + text: Turkey thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020491] + description: A turkey thigh that has had skin and bone material removed. + meaning: FOODON:02020491 + is_a: Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325] + Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328]: + text: Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328] + description: A turkey thigh that still contains the skin. + meaning: FOODON:00003328 + is_a: Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325] + Turkey upper thigh [FOODON:03000382]: + text: Turkey upper thigh [FOODON:03000382] + description: Meat from the upper thigh of a turkey. + meaning: FOODON:03000382 + is_a: Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328] + Turkey upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000384]: + text: Turkey upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000384] + description: Turkey's upper thigh that contains the skin. + meaning: FOODON:03000384 + is_a: Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328] + Turkey wing [FOODON:02020478]: + text: Turkey wing [FOODON:02020478] + description: The wing of a turkey. + meaning: FOODON:02020478 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Veal [FOODON:00003083]: + text: Veal [FOODON:00003083] + description: Veal is the meat of calves, in contrast to the beef from older + cattle. Veal can be produced from a calf of either sex and any breed; however, + most veal comes from young males of dairy breeds which are not used for + breeding. + meaning: FOODON:00003083 + is_a: Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) + Formula fed veal [FOODON:000039111]: + text: Formula fed veal [FOODON:000039111] + description: Meat of a calf that is raised on a fortified milk formula diet + and solid feed. + meaning: FOODON:000039111 + is_a: Veal [FOODON:00003083] + Grain-fed veal [FOODON:00004280]: + text: Grain-fed veal [FOODON:00004280] + description: Meat from a calf that is raised on grain, hay, or other solid + food, in addition to milk + meaning: FOODON:00004280 + is_a: Veal [FOODON:00003083] + Microbial food product [FOODON:00001145]: + text: Microbial food product [FOODON:00001145] + description: A food product derived from one or more microorganisms including + bacteria, mold, and yeast. + meaning: FOODON:00001145 + Yeast [FOODON:03411345]: + text: Yeast [FOODON:03411345] + description: Yeasts are eukaryotic micro-organisms classified in the kingdom + *Fungi*, with 1,500 species currently described estimated to be only 1% + of all fungal species. + meaning: FOODON:03411345 + is_a: Microbial food product [FOODON:00001145] + Nuts and seed products: + text: Nuts and seed products + description: A food product derived from nuts and seeds, either whole or in + parts. + Almond (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000218]: + text: Almond (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000218] + description: A whole almond or some substance made from a processed almond. + meaning: FOODON:03000218 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Almond (whole) [FOODON:00003523]: + text: Almond (whole) [FOODON:00003523] + description: A drupe fruit of an almond plant (Prunus dulcis). + meaning: FOODON:00003523 + is_a: Almond (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000218] + Barley seed [FOODON:00003394]: + text: Barley seed [FOODON:00003394] + description: A caryopsis fruit of a barley plant (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare). + meaning: FOODON:00003394 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Canola seed [FOODON:00004560]: + text: Canola seed [FOODON:00004560] + description: A seed of a canola plant. + meaning: FOODON:00004560 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Chia seed powder [FOODON:00003925]: + text: Chia seed powder [FOODON:00003925] + description: A powder made from chia seeds. + meaning: FOODON:00003925 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Chia seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000241]: + text: Chia seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000241] + description: A whole chia seed or some substance made from a processed chia + seed. + meaning: FOODON:03000241 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Flaxseed powder [FOODON:00004276]: + text: Flaxseed powder [FOODON:00004276] + description: A powder that is prepared by grinding flax seeds. + meaning: FOODON:00004276 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Hazelnut [FOODON:00002933]: + text: Hazelnut [FOODON:00002933] + description: The hazelnut is the nut of the hazel and therefore includes any + of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts + of the species Corylus avellana. It also is known as cobnut or filbert nut + according to species. + meaning: FOODON:00002933 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Nut (whole or part) [FOODON:03306632]: + text: Nut (whole or part) [FOODON:03306632] + description: A whole nut or some substance made from a processed nut. + meaning: FOODON:03306632 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Peanut butter [FOODON:03306867]: + text: Peanut butter [FOODON:03306867] + description: A food paste or spread made from ground, dry-roasted peanuts. + meaning: FOODON:03306867 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Sesame seed [FOODON:03310306]: + text: Sesame seed [FOODON:03310306] + description: A seed of a sesame plant (Sesamum indicum). + meaning: FOODON:03310306 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Tahini [FOODON:00003855]: + text: Tahini [FOODON:00003855] + description: A condiment made from toasted ground hulled sesame. + meaning: FOODON:00003855 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Walnut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03316466]: + text: Walnut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03316466] + description: A whole walnut or some substance made from a processed walnut. + meaning: FOODON:03316466 + is_a: Nuts and seed products + Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180]: + text: Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180] + description: Food product that is 1) ready or nearly ready for consumption; + 2) usually a composite of several foods or ingredients that often belong + to distinct product types; 3) usually formulated, mixed and partially or + fully cooked. + meaning: FOODON:00001180 + Condiment [FOODON:03315708]: + text: Condiment [FOODON:03315708] + description: A substance such as a sauce or powder that is used to add flavor + to food e.g. ketchup. + meaning: FOODON:03315708 + is_a: Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180] + Confectionery food product [FOODON:00001149]: + text: Confectionery food product [FOODON:00001149] + description: Food items that are rich in sugar, any one or type of which is + called a confection. Modern usage may include substances rich in artificial + sweeteners as well. + meaning: FOODON:00001149 + is_a: Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180] + Snack food [FOODON:03315013]: + text: Snack food [FOODON:03315013] + description: A snack is a small portion of food and generally eaten between + meals. + meaning: FOODON:03315013 + is_a: Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180] + Produce [FOODON:03305145]: + text: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + description: A type of farm-produced crop or crops, usually fruits and vegetables, + which are fresh and generally in the same state as where and when they were + harvested. + meaning: FOODON:03305145 + Apple (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310788]: + text: Apple (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310788] + description: An apple, whole or in pieces, for eating, baking or other food + processing. + meaning: FOODON:03310788 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Apple (whole) [FOODON:00002473]: + text: Apple (whole) [FOODON:00002473] + description: A pome fruit of an apple tree (Malus domestica). + meaning: FOODON:00002473 + is_a: Apple (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310788] + Arugula greens bunch [FOODON:00003643]: + text: Arugula greens bunch [FOODON:00003643] + description: Arugula, (Eruca sativa) is an edible annual plant, also known + as rocket salad, rucola, rucoli, rugula, colewort, and roquette. + meaning: FOODON:00003643 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Avocado [FOODON:00003600]: + text: Avocado [FOODON:00003600] + description: A whole avocado or some substance made from processed avocado. + meaning: FOODON:00003600 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Cantaloupe (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000243]: + text: Cantaloupe (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000243] + description: A whole cantaloupe or some substance made from a processed cantaloupe. + meaning: FOODON:03000243 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Chilli pepper [FOODON:00003744]: + text: Chilli pepper [FOODON:00003744] + description: The chili pepper is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum + which are members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. + meaning: FOODON:00003744 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Coconut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03309861]: + text: Coconut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03309861] + description: A whole coconut or some substance made from a processed coconut. + meaning: FOODON:03309861 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Coconut meat [FOODON:00003856]: + text: Coconut meat [FOODON:00003856] + description: The white, fleshy part of a coconut. + meaning: FOODON:00003856 + is_a: Coconut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03309861] + Corn cob (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310791]: + text: Corn cob (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310791] + description: A whole corn cob or some substance made from one or more processed + corn cob. + meaning: FOODON:03310791 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Cucumber (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000229]: + text: Cucumber (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000229] + description: A whole cucumber or some substance made from a processed cucumber. + meaning: FOODON:03000229 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Fruit [PO:0009001]: + text: Fruit [PO:0009001] + description: A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from + a gynoecium (PO:0009062), or a single carpel (PO:0009030), and at maturity + may have as parts one or more seeds + meaning: PO:0009001 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Goji berry [FOODON:00004360]: + text: Goji berry [FOODON:00004360] + description: A whole goji berry or some substance made from the processed + goji berry. + meaning: FOODON:00004360 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Greens (raw) [FOODON:03310765]: + text: Greens (raw) [FOODON:03310765] + description: A plant leaf vegetable food product which is a bunch of raw leaves. + meaning: FOODON:03310765 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Kale leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000236]: + text: Kale leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000236] + description: A whole kale leaf or some substance made from a processed kale + leaf. + meaning: FOODON:03000236 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Karela (bitter melon) [FOODON:00004367]: + text: Karela (bitter melon) [FOODON:00004367] + description: A melon food product from the Momordica charantia, a tropical + and subtropical vine of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia, + Africa, and the Caribbean + meaning: FOODON:00004367 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Lettuce head (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000239]: + text: Lettuce head (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000239] + description: A whole lettuce head or some substance made from a processed + lettuce head. + meaning: FOODON:03000239 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Mango (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000217]: + text: Mango (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000217] + description: A whole mango or some substance made from a processed mango. + meaning: FOODON:03000217 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Mushroom (fruitbody) [FOODON:00003528]: + text: Mushroom (fruitbody) [FOODON:00003528] + description: A fruitbody of a mushroom. + meaning: FOODON:00003528 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Papaya (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000228]: + text: Papaya (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000228] + description: Whole papaya or some substance made from processed papaya. + meaning: FOODON:03000228 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Pattypan squash (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000232]: + text: Pattypan squash (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000232] + description: A whole pattypan squash or some substance made from a processed + pattypan squash. + meaning: FOODON:03000232 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Peach [FOODON:00002485]: + text: Peach [FOODON:00002485] + description: A whole peach or some substance made from processed peach. + meaning: FOODON:00002485 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000249]: + text: Pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000249] + description: A whole pepper or some substance made from processed pepper. + meaning: FOODON:03000249 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Potato [FOODON:03315354]: + text: Potato [FOODON:03315354] + description: A whole potato or some substance made from processed potato. + meaning: FOODON:03315354 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Salad [FOODON:03316042]: + text: Salad [FOODON:03316042] + description: A cold dish of various mixtures of raw or cooked vegetables, + usually seasoned with oil, vinegar, or other dressing and sometimes accompanied + by meat, fish, or other ingredients. + meaning: FOODON:03316042 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Scallion (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000250]: + text: Scallion (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000250] + description: A whole scallion or some substance made from a processed scallion. + meaning: FOODON:03000250 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Spinach (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000221]: + text: Spinach (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000221] + description: Whole spinach or some substance made from processed spinach. + meaning: FOODON:03000221 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Sprout [FOODON:03420183]: + text: Sprout [FOODON:03420183] + description: A young plant growing from a seed; may have small leaves. The + endosperm is diminished or removed. + meaning: FOODON:03420183 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102]: + text: Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102] + description: A seed which has germinated and put out shoots. + meaning: FOODON:03420102 + is_a: Sprout [FOODON:03420183] + Alfalfa sprout [FOODON:00002670]: + text: Alfalfa sprout [FOODON:00002670] + description: A sprout from an alfalfa seed. + meaning: FOODON:00002670 + is_a: Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102] + Bean sprout [FOODON:00002576]: + text: Bean sprout [FOODON:00002576] + description: A bean sprout is a germinated bean to be eaten raw or cooked + meaning: FOODON:00002576 + is_a: Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102] + Chia sprout [FOODON:03000180]: + text: Chia sprout [FOODON:03000180] + description: A sprouted chia seed. + meaning: FOODON:03000180 + is_a: Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102] + Mixed sprouts [FOODON:03000182]: + text: Mixed sprouts [FOODON:03000182] + description: A food product made from more than one sprouted seed. + meaning: FOODON:03000182 + is_a: Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102] + Mung bean sprout [FOODON:03301446]: + text: Mung bean sprout [FOODON:03301446] + description: A germinated or sprouted seed of a mung bean plant (Vigna radiata). + meaning: FOODON:03301446 + is_a: Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102] + Tomato (whole or pieces) [FOODON:00002318]: + text: Tomato (whole or pieces) [FOODON:00002318] + description: A whole tomato or some substance made from a processed tomato. + meaning: FOODON:00002318 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Vegetable (whole or parts) [FOODON:03315308]: + text: Vegetable (whole or parts) [FOODON:03315308] + description: A whole vegetable or some substance made from a processed vegetable. + meaning: FOODON:03315308 + is_a: Produce [FOODON:03305145] + Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242]: + text: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + description: A vegetable product such as leaves, flowers, seeds and roots + that is rich in essential oils and aromatic principles. Used mainly a a + condiment. + meaning: FOODON:00001242 + Basil (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000233]: + text: Basil (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000233] + description: Whole basil or some substance made from processed basil. + meaning: FOODON:03000233 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Black pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000242]: + text: Black pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000242] + description: A whole black pepper or some substance made from processed black + pepper. + meaning: FOODON:03000242 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Cardamom (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000246]: + text: Cardamom (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000246] + description: A whole cardamom or some substance made from a processed cardamom. + meaning: FOODON:03000246 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Chive leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000240]: + text: Chive leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000240] + description: A whole chive leaf or some substance made from a processed chive + leaf. + meaning: FOODON:03000240 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Coriander powder [FOODON:00004274]: + text: Coriander powder [FOODON:00004274] + description: A powder that is prepared by grinding coriander seeds. + meaning: FOODON:00004274 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Coriander seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000224]: + text: Coriander seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000224] + description: A whole coriander seed or some substance made from a processed + coriander seed. + meaning: FOODON:03000224 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Cumin powder [FOODON:00004275]: + text: Cumin powder [FOODON:00004275] + description: A powder that is prepared by grinding cumin seeds. + meaning: FOODON:00004275 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Cumin seed (whole) [FOODON:00003396]: + text: Cumin seed (whole) [FOODON:00003396] + description: A seed of a cumin plant (Cuminum cyminum). + meaning: FOODON:00003396 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Black cumin seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000247]: + text: Black cumin seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000247] + description: Whole black cumin seed or some substance made from a processed + black cumin seed. + meaning: FOODON:03000247 + is_a: Cumin seed (whole) [FOODON:00003396] + Curry leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000225]: + text: Curry leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000225] + description: A whole curry leaf or some substance made from a processed curry + leaf. + meaning: FOODON:03000225 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Curry powder [FOODON:03301842]: + text: Curry powder [FOODON:03301842] + description: A mixture of finely ground spices, such as turmeric, ginger, + and coriander, used for making curry. + meaning: FOODON:03301842 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Dill spice [FOODON:00004307]: + text: Dill spice [FOODON:00004307] + description: The aromatic foliage and seeds of dill (usually Anethum graveolens) + which are used in flavoring foods and especially pickles. + meaning: FOODON:00004307 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Fennel (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000244]: + text: Fennel (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000244] + description: Whole fennel or some substance made from processed fennel. + meaning: FOODON:03000244 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Garlic powder [FOODON:03301844]: + text: Garlic powder [FOODON:03301844] + description: A spice derived from grounding dehydrated garlic into a powder. + meaning: FOODON:03301844 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Ginger root (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000220]: + text: Ginger root (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000220] + description: A whole ginger root or some substance made from a processed ginger + root. + meaning: FOODON:03000220 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Mint leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000238]: + text: Mint leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000238] + description: A whole mint leaf or some substance made from a processed mint + leaf. + meaning: FOODON:03000238 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Oregano (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000226]: + text: Oregano (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000226] + description: A whole oregano leaf or some substance made from a processed + oregano leaf. + meaning: FOODON:03000226 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Paprika (ground) [FOODON:03301223]: + text: Paprika (ground) [FOODON:03301223] + description: A powdered spice with a deep orange-red color and a mildly pungent + flavor, made from the dried and ground fruits of certain varieties of pepper. + meaning: FOODON:03301223 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Parsley leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000231]: + text: Parsley leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000231] + description: A whole parsley leaf or some substance made from a processed + parsley leaf. + meaning: FOODON:03000231 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Pepper (ground) [FOODON:03301526]: + text: Pepper (ground) [FOODON:03301526] + description: A spice derived from grounding dried peppercorns usually obtained + from the flowering vine of the species Piper nigrum. + meaning: FOODON:03301526 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Rasam powder [FOODON:00004277]: + text: Rasam powder [FOODON:00004277] + description: A traditional south Indian condiment made with roasted lentils, + whole spices and fresh herbs. + meaning: FOODON:00004277 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Sage [FOODON:03301560]: + text: Sage [FOODON:03301560] + description: A leaf of a sage plant (Salvia officinalis). + meaning: FOODON:03301560 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Turmeric (ground) [FOODON:03310841]: + text: Turmeric (ground) [FOODON:03310841] + description: A spice that is bright yellow in colour spice that is made by + grounding the dried root of the ginger plant Curcuma longa. + meaning: FOODON:03310841 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + Spice [FOODON:03303380]: + text: Spice [FOODON:03303380] + description: An aromatic or pungent vegetable substance used to flavor food, + e.g. cloves, pepper, or cumin. + meaning: FOODON:03303380 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + White peppercorn (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000251]: + text: White peppercorn (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000251] + description: A whole white peppercorn or some substance made from a processed + white peppercorn. + meaning: FOODON:03000251 + is_a: Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] + FoodProductPropertiesMenu: + name: FoodProductPropertiesMenu + title: food_product_properties menu + permissible_values: + Food (canned) [FOODON:00002418]: + text: Food (canned) [FOODON:00002418] + description: A food material stored in a metal can. + meaning: FOODON:00002418 + Food (cooked) [FOODON:00001181]: + text: Food (cooked) [FOODON:00001181] + description: A food material that has been prepared by heating. + meaning: FOODON:00001181 + Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291]: + text: Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] + description: A food state quality in which the food has undergone a process + of being cut into smaller pieces, chunks or slices. + meaning: FOODON:00004291 + Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777]: + text: Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777] + description: Food material chopped into roughly bite-sized pieces. + meaning: FOODON:00002777 + is_a: Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] + Food (chunks) [FOODON:00004555]: + text: Food (chunks) [FOODON:00004555] + description: Solid food that has been cut into short, thick pieces. + meaning: FOODON:00004555 + is_a: Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] + Food (cubed) [FOODON:00004278]: + text: Food (cubed) [FOODON:00004278] + description: Solid food that is divided into uniformly box-shaped pieces with + all sides equal. + meaning: FOODON:00004278 + is_a: Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] + Food (diced) [FOODON:00004549]: + text: Food (diced) [FOODON:00004549] + description: Solid food that has been cut into small cubes using a dicing + culinary technique. + meaning: FOODON:00004549 + is_a: Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] + Food (grated) [FOODON:00004552]: + text: Food (grated) [FOODON:00004552] + description: Solid food that has been scrated across a grater to create small + pieces. + meaning: FOODON:00004552 + is_a: Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] + Food (sliced) [FOODON:00002455]: + text: Food (sliced) [FOODON:00002455] + description: Solid food that is divided into uniformly thin pieces. + meaning: FOODON:00002455 + is_a: Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] + Food (shredded) [FOODON:00004553]: + text: Food (shredded) [FOODON:00004553] + description: Solid food that has been scraped across or through a shredding + surface to make strips. + meaning: FOODON:00004553 + is_a: Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] + Food (dried) [FOODON:03307539]: + text: Food (dried) [FOODON:03307539] + description: A food material preserved by the process of dehydration or drying. + meaning: FOODON:03307539 + Food (fresh) [FOODON:00002457]: + text: Food (fresh) [FOODON:00002457] + description: Fresh food is food that has not been subjected to food preservation + processes (including freezing) that alter its harvested state significantly. + meaning: FOODON:00002457 + Food (frozen) [FOODON:03302148]: + text: Food (frozen) [FOODON:03302148] + description: A food material stored below its freezing point. + meaning: FOODON:03302148 + Food (pulped) [FOODON:00004554]: + text: Food (pulped) [FOODON:00004554] + description: Solid food that has softened by pressure and any resulting liquid + has been removed. + meaning: FOODON:00004554 + Food (raw) [FOODON:03311126]: + text: Food (raw) [FOODON:03311126] + description: A food material that has not been cooked. + meaning: FOODON:03311126 + Food (unseasoned) [FOODON:00004287]: + text: Food (unseasoned) [FOODON:00004287] + description: A food product which does not have any seasoning applied to it. + meaning: FOODON:00004287 + Italian-style food product [FOODON:00004321]: + text: Italian-style food product [FOODON:00004321] + description: A food product which is prepared in an Italian cooking style. + meaning: FOODON:00004321 + Meat (boneless) [FOODON:00003467]: + text: Meat (boneless) [FOODON:00003467] + description: A piece of animal meat that is boneless. + meaning: FOODON:00003467 + Meat (skinless) [FOODON:00003468]: + text: Meat (skinless) [FOODON:00003468] + description: A piece of animal meat that is skinless. + meaning: FOODON:00003468 + Meat (with bone) [FOODON:02010116]: + text: Meat (with bone) [FOODON:02010116] + description: A piece of animal meat that contains bone material. + meaning: FOODON:02010116 + Meat (with skin) [FOODON:02010111]: + text: Meat (with skin) [FOODON:02010111] + description: A piece of animal meat that contains skin. + meaning: FOODON:02010111 + Soft [PATO:0000387]: + text: Soft [PATO:0000387] + description: A hardness quality of giving little resistance to pressure. + meaning: PATO:0000387 + CollectionDeviceMenu: + name: CollectionDeviceMenu + title: collection_device menu + permissible_values: + Auger (earth auger) [AGRO:00000405]: + text: Auger (earth auger) [AGRO:00000405] + description: Manually operated hand tool that consists of cutter head having + semicircular blades connected to pipe with the help of clamp and flange. + The connecting pipe is further connected to a handle. + meaning: AGRO:00000405 + Box corer [GENEPIO:0100928]: + text: Box corer [GENEPIO:0100928] + description: A specimen collection device that is used to collect soft sediments + in lakes or oceans. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100928 + Container [OBI:0000967]: + text: Container [OBI:0000967] + description: A device that can be used to restrict the location of material + entities over time. + meaning: OBI:0000967 + Bag [GSSO:008558]: + text: Bag [GSSO:008558] + description: A sac or pouch. + meaning: GSSO:008558 + is_a: Container [OBI:0000967] + Whirlpak sampling bag [GENEPIO:0002122]: + text: Whirlpak sampling bag [GENEPIO:0002122] + description: A sterilized sampling bag that is puncture proof tabs for protection + from damage due to wire-end protrusion and leak-proof closures. + meaning: GENEPIO:0002122 + is_a: Bag [GSSO:008558] + Bottle [FOODON:03490214]: + text: Bottle [FOODON:03490214] + description: A rigid or semirigid container typically of glass or plastic + having a comparatively narrow neck or mouth and usually no handle. + meaning: FOODON:03490214 + is_a: Container [OBI:0000967] + Vial [OBI:0000522]: + text: Vial [OBI:0000522] + description: A container made from solid material and primarily used for holding + liquid. + meaning: OBI:0000522 + is_a: Container [OBI:0000967] + Culture plate [GENEPIO:0004318]: + text: Culture plate [GENEPIO:0004318] + description: A low flat-bottomed laboratory container for growing a layer + of organisms such as bacteria, molds, and cells on a thin layer of nutrient + medium. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004318 + Petri dish [NCIT:C96141]: + text: Petri dish [NCIT:C96141] + description: A shallow dish with a lid used to culture cells. + meaning: NCIT:C96141 + is_a: Culture plate [GENEPIO:0004318] + Filter [GENEPIO:0100103]: + text: Filter [GENEPIO:0100103] + description: A manufactured product which separates solids from fluids by + adding a medium through which only a fluid can pass. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100103 + PONAR grab sampler [GENEPIO:0100929]: + text: PONAR grab sampler [GENEPIO:0100929] + description: A specimen collection device that is designed to collect sediment + samples from the hard bottoms of a body of water i.e. sand, gravel, consolidated + marl or clay." + meaning: GENEPIO:0100929 + Scoop [GENEPIO:0002125]: + text: Scoop [GENEPIO:0002125] + description: A shovel-like utensil that has a deep curved dish and a short + handle and is used for digging into a soft substance for lifting out a portion. + meaning: GENEPIO:0002125 + Soil sample probe [GENEPIO:0100930]: + text: Soil sample probe [GENEPIO:0100930] + description: A specimen collection device designed to penetrate soil with + a hollow tube to collect soil sample cores. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100930 + Spatula [NCIT:C149941]: + text: Spatula [NCIT:C149941] + description: Administration device with a flattened side used for the application + of semi-solid pharmaceutical forms. + meaning: NCIT:C149941 + Sponge [OBI:0002819]: + text: Sponge [OBI:0002819] + description: A sample collection device consisting of a soft flexible, absorbent + pad usually made from natural material such as gauze or cotton, used to + absorb specimen fluid or particulate matter. + meaning: OBI:0002819 + Swab [GENEPIO:0100027]: + text: Swab [GENEPIO:0100027] + description: A device which is a soft, absorbent material mounted on one or + both ends of a stick. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100027 + is_a: Sponge [OBI:0002819] + Drag swab [OBI:0002822]: + text: Drag swab [OBI:0002822] + description: A specimen collection device consisting of a specimen pad made + of sterile gauze which is aseptically attached to a pole by clips or to + a string + meaning: OBI:0002822 + is_a: Swab [GENEPIO:0100027] + Surface wipe [OBI:0002824]: + text: Surface wipe [OBI:0002824] + description: A sample collection device consisting of a thin, less absorbent + sheet, used to collect material from surfaces. + meaning: OBI:0002824 + is_a: Swab [GENEPIO:0100027] + Tube [GENEPIO:0101196]: + text: Tube [GENEPIO:0101196] + description: A sample collection device which is cylindrical shape that is + open at one end, used to collect material. + meaning: GENEPIO:0101196 + Vacuum device [GENEPIO:0002127]: + text: Vacuum device [GENEPIO:0002127] + description: A device which generates a vacuum to provide suction of material. + meaning: GENEPIO:0002127 + Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032]: + text: Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032] + description: A test tube which is either a sterile glass or plastic tube with + a closure that is evacuated to create a vacuum inside the tube facilitating + the draw of a predetermined volume of liquid. Most commonly used to draw + a blood sample directly from the vein, these also are used to collect urine + samples. Vacutainer tube may contain additives designed to stabilize and + preserve the specimen prior to analytical testing. + meaning: OBIB:0000032 + is_a: Vacuum device [GENEPIO:0002127] + CollectionMethodMenu: + name: CollectionMethodMenu + title: collection_method menu + permissible_values: + Aspiration [HP:0002835]: + text: Aspiration [HP:0002835] + description: Inspiration of a foreign object into the airway. + meaning: HP:0002835 + Biopsy [OBI:0002650]: + text: Biopsy [OBI:0002650] + description: A specimen collection that obtains a sample of tissue or cell + from a living multicellular organism body for diagnostic purposes by means + intended to be minimally invasive. + meaning: OBI:0002650 + Fecal grab [GENEPIO:0004326]: + text: Fecal grab [GENEPIO:0004326] + description: A fecal specimen collection method in which feces is obtained + by inserting the collection device into the anus of the host, or the feces + is captured as it is excreted. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004326 + Filtration [OBI:0302885]: + text: Filtration [OBI:0302885] + description: Filtration is a process which separates components suspended + in a fluid based on granularity properties relying on a filter device + meaning: OBI:0302885 + Air filtration [GENEPIO:0100031]: + text: Air filtration [GENEPIO:0100031] + description: A filtration process which removes solid particulates from the + air via an air filtration device. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100031 + is_a: Filtration [OBI:0302885] + Water filtration [GENEPIO:0100931]: + text: Water filtration [GENEPIO:0100931] + description: A filtration process which removes or reduces the concentration + of particulate matter, including suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, + algae, viruses, and fungi, as well as other undesirable chemical and biological + contaminants from contaminated water using water filters to produce safe + and clean water. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100931 + is_a: Filtration [OBI:0302885] + Lavage [OBI:0600044]: + text: Lavage [OBI:0600044] + description: A protocol application to separate cells and/or cellular secretions + from an anatomical space by the introduction and removal of fluid + meaning: OBI:0600044 + Bronchoalveolar lavage [GENEPIO:0100032]: + text: Bronchoalveolar lavage [GENEPIO:0100032] + description: The collection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) from the + lungs. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100032 + is_a: Lavage [OBI:0600044] + Gastric lavage [GENEPIO:0100033]: + text: Gastric lavage [GENEPIO:0100033] + description: The administration and evacuation of small volumes of liquid + through an orogastric tube to remove toxic substances within the stomach. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100033 + is_a: Lavage [OBI:0600044] + Necropsy [MMO:0000344]: + text: Necropsy [MMO:0000344] + description: A postmortem examination of the body of an animal to determine + the cause of death or the character and extent of changes produced by disease. + meaning: MMO:0000344 + Phlebotomy [NCIT:C28221]: + text: Phlebotomy [NCIT:C28221] + description: The collection of blood from a vein, most commonly via needle + venipuncture. + meaning: NCIT:C28221 + Rinsing for specimen collection [GENEPIO:0002116]: + text: Rinsing for specimen collection [GENEPIO:0002116] + description: The process of removal and collection of specimen material from + the surface of an entity by washing, or a similar application of fluids. + meaning: GENEPIO:0002116 + Scooping [GENEPIO:0100932]: + text: Scooping [GENEPIO:0100932] + description: A specimen collection process that is used to dig out an amount + of sample using a scoop. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100932 + Sediment collection [GENEPIO:0100933]: + text: Sediment collection [GENEPIO:0100933] + description: A specimen collection process that is used to collect a sediment + sample. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100933 + Soil coring [GENEPIO:0100934]: + text: Soil coring [GENEPIO:0100934] + description: A specimen collection process that is used to collect soil sample + cores. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100934 + Weep fluid collection (pouring) [GENEPIO:0101003]: + text: Weep fluid collection (pouring) [GENEPIO:0101003] + description: A specimen collection process that is used to collect weep fluid + via pouring from the source container into the sample collection device. + (e.g. bag or tube) + meaning: GENEPIO:0101003 + HostCommonNameMenu: + name: HostCommonNameMenu + title: host_(common_name) menu + permissible_values: + Bird [NCBITaxon:8782]: + text: Bird [NCBITaxon:8782] + description: A group of warm-blooded vertebrates in class Aves, that are characterized + by feathers, wings, toothless beaked jaws and the laying of hard-shelled + eggs and are usually able to fly. + meaning: NCBITaxon:8782 + Chicken [NCBITaxon:9031]: + text: Chicken [NCBITaxon:9031] + description: A domesticated junglefowl of the species Gallus gallus. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9031 + is_a: Bird [NCBITaxon:8782] + Seabird [FOODON:00004504]: + text: Seabird [FOODON:00004504] + description: A bird that is adapted to live within the marine environment. + meaning: FOODON:00004504 + is_a: Bird [NCBITaxon:8782] + Cormorant [NCBITaxon:9206]: + text: Cormorant [NCBITaxon:9206] + description: A family of aquatic birds (Phalacrocoracidae). + meaning: NCBITaxon:9206 + is_a: Seabird [FOODON:00004504] + Double Crested Cormorant [NCBITaxon:56069]: + text: Double Crested Cormorant [NCBITaxon:56069] + description: A species of the cormorant family of water birds (Phalacrocorax + auritus). + meaning: NCBITaxon:56069 + is_a: Cormorant [NCBITaxon:9206] + Crane [NCBITaxon:9109]: + text: Crane [NCBITaxon:9109] + description: A family of large, long-legged, and long-necked birds (Gruidae). + meaning: NCBITaxon:9109 + is_a: Seabird [FOODON:00004504] + Whooping Crane [NCBITaxon:9117]: + text: Whooping Crane [NCBITaxon:9117] + description: An endangered crane species that is native to North America and + is named for its whooping sound. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9117 + is_a: Crane [NCBITaxon:9109] + Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911]: + text: Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911] + description: A large genus of gulls within the family Laridae. + meaning: NCBITaxon:8911 + is_a: Seabird [FOODON:00004504] + Glaucous-winged Gull [NCBITaxon:119606]: + text: Glaucous-winged Gull [NCBITaxon:119606] + description: A species of large, white-headed gull (Larus glaucescens). + meaning: NCBITaxon:119606 + is_a: Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911] + Great Black-backed Gull [NCBITaxon:8912]: + text: Great Black-backed Gull [NCBITaxon:8912] + description: A species of white gull that has a black back and wings (Larus + marinus). + meaning: NCBITaxon:8912 + is_a: Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911] + Herring Gull [NCBITaxon:35669]: + text: Herring Gull [NCBITaxon:35669] + description: A species of large gull, that is up to 66 cm (26 in) long (Larus + argentatus). + meaning: NCBITaxon:35669 + is_a: Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911] + Ring-billed Gull [NCBITaxon:126683]: + text: Ring-billed Gull [NCBITaxon:126683] + description: A species of ring-billed gull that has a black ring around its + bill (Larus delawarensis). + meaning: NCBITaxon:126683 + is_a: Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911] + Eider [NCBITaxon:50366]: + text: Eider [NCBITaxon:50366] + description: A genus of large seaducks (Somateria). + meaning: NCBITaxon:50366 + is_a: Seabird [FOODON:00004504] + Common Eider [NCBITaxon:76058]: + text: Common Eider [NCBITaxon:76058] + description: A species of a large sea-duck that is distributed over the northern + coasts of Europe, North America and eastern Siberia (Somateria mollissima). + meaning: NCBITaxon:76058 + is_a: Eider [NCBITaxon:50366] + Turkey [NCBITaxon:9103]: + text: Turkey [NCBITaxon:9103] + description: A large, mainly domesticated game bird characterized by a bald + head and wattles (in the male) of the species Meleagris gallopavo. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9103 + is_a: Bird [NCBITaxon:8782] + Fish [FOODON:03411222]: + text: Fish [FOODON:03411222] + description: Fish are the gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack + limbs with digits. Most fish are ectothermic ("cold-blooded"), allowing + their body temperatures to vary as ambient temperatures change, though some + of the large active swimmers like white shark and tuna can hold a higher + core temperature. + meaning: FOODON:03411222 + Rainbow Trout [NCBITaxon:8022]: + text: Rainbow Trout [NCBITaxon:8022] + description: A species of trout native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific + Ocean in Asia and North America (Oncorhynchus mykiss). + meaning: NCBITaxon:8022 + is_a: Fish [FOODON:03411222] + Sablefish [NCBITaxon:229290]: + text: Sablefish [NCBITaxon:229290] + description: One of two members of the fish family Anoplopomatidae and the + only species in the genus Anoplopoma. + meaning: NCBITaxon:229290 + is_a: Fish [FOODON:03411222] + Salmon [FOODON:00003473]: + text: Salmon [FOODON:00003473] + description: A group of euryhaline ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae, + which are native to tributaries of the North Atlantic (genus Salmo) and + North Pacific (genus Oncorhynchus) basin. + meaning: FOODON:00003473 + is_a: Fish [FOODON:03411222] + Atlantic Salmon [NCBITaxon:8030]: + text: Atlantic Salmon [NCBITaxon:8030] + description: A species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae (Salmo + salar). + meaning: NCBITaxon:8030 + is_a: Salmon [FOODON:00003473] + Chinook salmon [NCBITaxon:74940]: + text: Chinook salmon [NCBITaxon:74940] + description: A species of pacific salmon in North America, that is commonly + called as coho salmon. + meaning: NCBITaxon:8019 + is_a: Salmon [FOODON:00003473] + Coho Salmon [NCBITaxon:8019]: + text: Coho Salmon [NCBITaxon:8019] + description: The largest species of pacific salmon in North America (Oncorhynchus + tshawytscha). + meaning: NCBITaxon:74940 + is_a: Salmon [FOODON:00003473] + Mammal [FOODON:03411134]: + text: Mammal [FOODON:03411134] + description: Mammals (from Latin mamma "breast") are vertebrate animals constituting + the class Mammalia, and characterized by the presence of mammary glands + which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex + (a region of the brain), fur or hair, and three middle ear bones. + meaning: FOODON:03411134 + Companion animal [FOODON:03000300]: + text: Companion animal [FOODON:03000300] + description: An animal that is kept as a companion. + meaning: FOODON:03000300 + is_a: Mammal [FOODON:03411134] + Cow [NCBITaxon:9913]: + text: Cow [NCBITaxon:9913] + description: A large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivore of the species + Bos taurus. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9913 + is_a: Mammal [FOODON:03411134] + Human [NCBITaxon:9606]: + text: Human [NCBITaxon:9606] + description: A bipedal primate mammal of the species Homo sapiens. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9606 + is_a: Mammal [FOODON:03411134] + Pig [NCBITaxon:9823]: + text: Pig [NCBITaxon:9823] + description: A stout-bodied, hooved and short-legged, omnivorous mammal from + the species Sus scofus, with thick skin usually sparsely coated with short + bristles. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9823 + is_a: Mammal [FOODON:03411134] + Sheep [NCBITaxon:9940]: + text: Sheep [NCBITaxon:9940] + description: A domesticated, even-toed, ungluate, ruminant mammal typically + kept as livestock for its wool and meat, usually of the species Ovis aries. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9940 + is_a: Mammal [FOODON:03411134] + Shellfish [FOODON:03411433]: + text: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + description: The term shellfish is used both broadly and specifically. For + regulatory purposes it is often narrowly defined as filter-feeding molluscs + such as clams, mussels, and oyster to the exclusion of crustaceans and all + else. Although their shells may differ, all shellfish are invertebrates. + meaning: FOODON:03411433 + Atlantic Lobster [NCBITaxon:6706]: + text: Atlantic Lobster [NCBITaxon:6706] + description: A species of lobster that is found on the Atlantic coast of North + America (Homarus americanus). + meaning: NCBITaxon:6706 + is_a: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + Atlantic Oyster [NCBITaxon:6565]: + text: Atlantic Oyster [NCBITaxon:6565] + description: A species of true oyster (Crassostrea virginica). + meaning: NCBITaxon:6565 + is_a: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + Blue Mussel [NCBITaxon:6550]: + text: Blue Mussel [NCBITaxon:6550] + description: A medium-sized edible marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mytilidae, + the mussels. + meaning: NCBITaxon:6550 + is_a: Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] + HostScientificNameMenu: + name: HostScientificNameMenu + title: host_(scientific_name) menu + permissible_values: + Anoplopoma fimbria [NCBITaxon:229290]: + text: Anoplopoma fimbria [NCBITaxon:229290] + description: The only species of the fish genus Anoplopoma. + meaning: NCBITaxon:229290 + Bos taurus [NCBITaxon:9913]: + text: Bos taurus [NCBITaxon:9913] + description: A large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivore raised for its + milk, meat and hide. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9913 + Crassostrea virginica [NCBITaxon:6565]: + text: Crassostrea virginica [NCBITaxon:6565] + description: A species of true oyster that is commonly called as an eastern + oyster. + meaning: NCBITaxon:6565 + Gallus gallus [NCBITaxon:9031]: + text: Gallus gallus [NCBITaxon:9031] + description: A domesticated junglefowl raised for its eggs, feathers and meat. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9031 + Grus americana [NCBITaxon:9117]: + text: Grus americana [NCBITaxon:9117] + description: An endangered crane species that is native to North America and + is named for its whooping sound. It is commonly called as a whopping crane. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9117 + Homarus americanus [NCBITaxon:6706]: + text: Homarus americanus [NCBITaxon:6706] + description: A species of lobster that is found on the Atlantic coast of North + America and is commonly called as American lobster. + meaning: NCBITaxon:6706 + Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606]: + text: Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606] + description: A type of primate characterized by bipedalism and large, complex + brain. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9606 + Larus argentatus [NCBITaxon:35669]: + text: Larus argentatus [NCBITaxon:35669] + description: A species of large gull, that is up to 66 cm (26 in) long and + is commonly called as herring gull. + meaning: NCBITaxon:35669 + Larus delawarensis [NCBITaxon:126683]: + text: Larus delawarensis [NCBITaxon:126683] + description: A species of ring-billed gull that has a black ring around its + bill and is commonly called as ring-billed gull. + meaning: NCBITaxon:126683 + Larus glaucescens [NCBITaxon:119606]: + text: Larus glaucescens [NCBITaxon:119606] + description: A species of large, white-headed gull. + meaning: NCBITaxon:119606 + Larus marinus [NCBITaxon:8912]: + text: Larus marinus [NCBITaxon:8912] + description: A species of white gull that has a black back and wings.. + meaning: NCBITaxon:8912 + Meleagris gallopavo [NCBITaxon:9103]: + text: Meleagris gallopavo [NCBITaxon:9103] + description: A large, mainly domesticated game bird characterized by a bald + head and wattles (in the male). + meaning: NCBITaxon:9103 + Mytilus edulis [NCBITaxon:6550]: + text: Mytilus edulis [NCBITaxon:6550] + description: A medium-sized edible marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mytilidae, + the mussels. + meaning: NCBITaxon:6550 + Oncorhynchus kisutch [NCBITaxon:8019]: + text: Oncorhynchus kisutch [NCBITaxon:8019] + description: A species of pacific salmon in North America, that is commonly + called as coho salmon. + meaning: NCBITaxon:8019 + Oncorhynchus mykiss [NCBITaxon:8022]: + text: Oncorhynchus mykiss [NCBITaxon:8022] + description: A species of trout that is native to cold-water tributaries of + the pacific ocean in Asia and North America. It is commonly called as rainbow + trout. + meaning: NCBITaxon:8022 + Oncorhynchus tshawytscha [NCBITaxon:74940]: + text: Oncorhynchus tshawytscha [NCBITaxon:74940] + description: The largest species of pacific salmon in North America, that + is commonly called as chinook salmon. + meaning: NCBITaxon:74940 + Ovis aries [NCBITaxon:9940]: + text: Ovis aries [NCBITaxon:9940] + description: A domesticated, even-toed, ungluate, ruminant mammal typically + kept as livestock for its wool and meat. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9940 + Phalacrocorax auritus [NCBITaxon:56069]: + text: Phalacrocorax auritus [NCBITaxon:56069] + description: A species of the cormorant family of water birds that is commonly + called as double-crested cormorant. + meaning: NCBITaxon:56069 + Salmo salar [NCBITaxon:8030]: + text: Salmo salar [NCBITaxon:8030] + description: A species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae that is + commonly called as atlantic salmon. + meaning: NCBITaxon:8030 + Somateria mollissima [NCBITaxon:76058]: + text: Somateria mollissima [NCBITaxon:76058] + description: A species of large sea duck that is distributed over the northern + coasts of Europe, North America and eastern Siberia. It is also called as + common eider. + meaning: NCBITaxon:76058 + Sus scrofa domesticus [NCBITaxon:9825]: + text: Sus scrofa domesticus [NCBITaxon:9825] + description: A stout-bodied, hooved and short-legged, omnivorous mammal, with + thick skin usually sparsely coated with short bristles raised for its meat. + meaning: NCBITaxon:9825 + HostAgeUnitMenu: + name: HostAgeUnitMenu + title: host_age_unit menu + permissible_values: + month [UO:0000035]: + text: month [UO:0000035] + description: A time unit which is approximately equal to the length of time + of one of cycle of the moon's phases which in science is taken to be equal + to 30 days. + meaning: UO:0000035 + year [UO:0000036]: + text: year [UO:0000036] + description: A time unit which is equal to 12 months which in science is taken + to be equal to 365.25 days. + meaning: UO:0000036 + HostGenderInternationalMenu: + name: HostGenderInternationalMenu + title: host_gender_international menu + permissible_values: + Female [NCIT:C46110]: + text: Female [NCIT:C46110] + description: An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role + distinction of female. + meaning: NCIT:C46110 + Male [NCIT:C46109]: + text: Male [NCIT:C46109] + description: An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role + distinction of male. + meaning: NCIT:C46109 + Non-binary gender [GSSO:000132]: + text: Non-binary gender [GSSO:000132] + description: Either, a specific gender identity which is not male or female; + or, more broadly, an umbrella term for gender identities not considered + male or female. + meaning: GSSO:000132 + Transgender (assigned male at birth) [GSSO:004004]: + text: Transgender (assigned male at birth) [GSSO:004004] + description: Having a feminine gender (identity) which is different from the + sex one was assigned at birth. + meaning: GSSO:004004 + Transgender (assigned female at birth) [GSSO:004005]: + text: Transgender (assigned female at birth) [GSSO:004005] + description: Having a masculine gender (identity) which is different from + the sex one was assigned at birth. + meaning: GSSO:004005 + Undeclared [NCIT:C110959]: + text: Undeclared [NCIT:C110959] + description: A categorical choice recorded when an individual being interviewed + is unable or chooses not to provide a datum. + meaning: NCIT:C110959 + OrganismMenu: + name: OrganismMenu + title: organism menu + permissible_values: + Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469]: + text: Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469] + description: A Moraxellaceae genus of gram-negative bacteria belonging to + the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. Acinetobacter species are oxidase-negative, + exhibit twitching motility,and occur in pairs under magnification. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acinetobacter] + meaning: NCBITaxon:469 + Acinetobacter baumannii [NCBITaxon:470]: + text: Acinetobacter baumannii [NCBITaxon:470] + description: An Acinetobacter species which is typically short, almost round, + rod-shaped (coccobacillus) Gram-negative bacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acinetobacter_baumannii] + meaning: NCBITaxon:470 + is_a: Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469] + Acinetobacter bereziniae [NCBITaxon:106648]: + text: Acinetobacter bereziniae [NCBITaxon:106648] + description: An Acinetobacter species. + meaning: NCBITaxon:106648 + is_a: Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469] + Acinetobacter ursingii [NCBITaxon:108980]: + text: Acinetobacter ursingii [NCBITaxon:108980] + description: An Acinetobacter species. + meaning: NCBITaxon:108980 + is_a: Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469] + Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642]: + text: Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642] + description: An Aeromonadaceae genus of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, + rod-shaped bacteria that morphologically resemble members of the family + Enterobacteriaceae. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas] + meaning: NCBITaxon:642 + Aeromonas allosaccharophila [NCBITaxon:656]: + text: Aeromonas allosaccharophila [NCBITaxon:656] + description: An Aeromonas species which is a Gram-negative, catalase-positive, + motile bacterium from the genus Aeromonas which was isolated from ill elvers + (Anguilla anguilla) in Valencia, Spain. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_allosaccharophila] + meaning: NCBITaxon:656 + is_a: Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642] + Aeromonas hydrophila [NCBITaxon:644]: + text: Aeromonas hydrophila [NCBITaxon:644] + description: An Aeromonas species which is a heterotrophic, Gram-negative, + rod-shaped bacterium mainly found in areas with a warm climate. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_hydrophila] + meaning: NCBITaxon:644 + is_a: Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642] + Aeromonas rivipollensis [NCBITaxon:948519]: + text: Aeromonas rivipollensis [NCBITaxon:948519] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped + bacteria assigned to the genus Aeromonas. This bacteria is motile and has + been isolated from river sediments from the Ter River in Spain. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_rivipollensis] + meaning: NCBITaxon:948519 + is_a: Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642] + Aeromonas salmonicida [NCBITaxon:645]: + text: Aeromonas salmonicida [NCBITaxon:645] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This bacteria is non motile, + capable of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, ferments glucose and + is generally oxidase positive. A. solmonicida is found in freshwater and + marine environments and causes furunculosis in fish and bald sea urchin + disease. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C861288] + meaning: NCBITaxon:645 + is_a: Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642] + Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194]: + text: Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194] + description: A genus of gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral bacteria. They + are motile, with either uni- or bi-polar flagella and are oxidase-positive. + Several species of Campylobacter have been implicated in human disease. + [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76211] + meaning: NCBITaxon:194 + Campylobacter coli [NCBITaxon:195]: + text: Campylobacter coli [NCBITaxon:195] + description: A species of microaerophilic, Gram-negative, curved or spiral + bacilli assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile with + a single flagellum at each pole, non-spore forming, oxidase positive, and + does not hydrolyze hippurate. C. coli is commensal in pigs, associated with + indigenously acquired food borne disease, and recognized as the second most + common pathogen for human campylobacteriosis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86230] + meaning: NCBITaxon:195 + is_a: Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194] + Campylobacter jejuni [NCBITaxon:197]: + text: Campylobacter jejuni [NCBITaxon:197] + description: "A Campylobacter species which is a helical-shaped, non-spore-forming,\ + \ Gram-negative, microaerophilic, nonfermenting motile bacterium with a\ + \ single flagellum at one or both poles, which are also oxidase-positive,\ + \ grow optimally at 37 to 42 \xB0C, and is among the most common causes\ + \ of bacterial infections in humans worldwide. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacter_jejuni]" + meaning: NCBITaxon:197 + is_a: Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194] + Campylobacter lari [NCBITaxon:201]: + text: Campylobacter lari [NCBITaxon:201] + description: A species of microaerophilic, Gram-negative, curved or spiral + bacilli assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile using + a single flagellum at each pole, non-spore forming, oxidase positive, catalase + positive, reduces nitrate, produces hydrogen sulfide, and does not hydrolyze + hippurate nor ferment glucose. C. lari is associated in recurrent gastroenteritis + in children, causes septicemia and enteritis in immunodeficient patients + and is commensal in healthy seagulls, birds, mussels and oysters. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86236] + meaning: NCBITaxon:201 + is_a: Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194] + Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544]: + text: Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544] + description: An Enterobacteriaceae genus which is a Gram-negative coliform + bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter] + meaning: NCBITaxon:544 + Citrobacter braakii [NCBITaxon:57706]: + text: Citrobacter braakii [NCBITaxon:57706] + description: A Citrobacter species which is a Gram-negative species of bacteria. + It has been reported to cause sepsis in an immunocompromised person. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_braakii] + meaning: NCBITaxon:57706 + is_a: Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544] + Citrobacter freundii [NCBITaxon:546]: + text: Citrobacter freundii [NCBITaxon:546] + description: "A Citrobacter species which is a Gram-negative species of bacteria.\ + \ They have a rod shape with a typical length of 1\u20135 \u03BCm, most\ + \ have several locomotive flagella, and is a soil-dwelling microorganism\ + \ but can also be found in other environments (water, sewage, food, and\ + \ the intestinal tracts of animals and humans). [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_freundii]" + meaning: NCBITaxon:546 + is_a: Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544] + Citrobacter gillenii [NCBITaxon:67828]: + text: Citrobacter gillenii [NCBITaxon:67828] + description: A species of Gram-negative bacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_gillenii] + meaning: NCBITaxon:67828 + is_a: Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544] + Clostridioides [NCBITaxon:1870884]: + text: Clostridioides [NCBITaxon:1870884] + description: A genus of gram-positive bacteria. + meaning: NCBITaxon:1870884 + Clostridioides difficile [NCBITaxon:1496]: + text: Clostridioides difficile [NCBITaxon:1496] + description: A species of Clostridium that is the most significant cause of + pseudomembranous colitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76276] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1496 + is_a: Clostridioides [NCBITaxon:1870884] + Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485]: + text: Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485] + description: A genus of gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacteria in the + Firmicutes phylum capable of producing endospores. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76275] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1485 + Clostridium perfringens [NCBITaxon:1502]: + text: Clostridium perfringens [NCBITaxon:1502] + description: A species of anaerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned + to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, hydrolyzes gelatin, + produces enterotoxin, is beta-hemolytic and catalase negative. C. perfringens + is a food borne pathogen, being the causative agent of pig-bel syndrome + and gas gangrene. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86288] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1502 + is_a: Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485] + Clostridium sporogenes [NCBITaxon:1509]: + text: Clostridium sporogenes [NCBITaxon:1509] + description: A species of anaerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned + to the phylum Firmicutes. This species is proteolytic, does not produce + botulinum toxin, is beta-hemolytic and positive for indole. C. sporogenes + is pathogenic and culture is associated with a foul odor. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86294] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1509 + is_a: Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485] + Comamonas [NCBITaxon:283]: + text: Comamonas [NCBITaxon:283] + description: A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium + assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Comamonadaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86303] + meaning: NCBITaxon:283 + Comamonas aquatica [NCBITaxon:225991]: + text: Comamonas aquatica [NCBITaxon:225991] + description: Comamonas species which is is Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-negative, + and is a motile bacterium with multitrichous polar flagella. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comamonas_aquatica] + meaning: NCBITaxon:225991 + is_a: Comamonas [NCBITaxon:283] + Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547]: + text: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + description: An Enterobacteriaceae genus which is a common Gram-negative, + facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria of the order + Enterobacterales. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter] + meaning: NCBITaxon:547 + Enterobacter asburiae [NCBITaxon:61645]: + text: Enterobacter asburiae [NCBITaxon:61645] + description: An Enterobacteriaceae cloacae complex subspecies. + meaning: NCBITaxon:61645 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Enterobacter cancerogenus [NCBITaxon:69218]: + text: Enterobacter cancerogenus [NCBITaxon:69218] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile by peritrichous + flagella, catalase positive, reduces nitrate, hydrolyzes esculin, oxidase, + indole and urease negative and not susceptible to erythromycin and penicillin. + E. cancerogenus was isolated from the tree Populus canadensis and is known + to cause infection in cases of severe trauma. [ NCI ] + meaning: NCBITaxon:69218 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Enterobacter cloacae [NCBITaxon:550]: + text: Enterobacter cloacae [NCBITaxon:550] + description: An Enterobacteriaceae species which is gram-negative, facultatively-anaerobic, + and rod-shaped. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter_cloacae] + meaning: NCBITaxon:550 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Enterobacter hormaechei [NCBITaxon:158836]: + text: Enterobacter hormaechei [NCBITaxon:158836] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, indole negative, + does not hydrolyze gelatin, reduces nitrate and produces acid from mucate. + E. hormachei is an opportunistic pathogen, causing nosocomial infections. + [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86362] + meaning: NCBITaxon:158836 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Enterobacter kobei [NCBITaxon:208224]: + text: Enterobacter kobei [NCBITaxon:208224] + description: An Enterobacteriaceae cloacae complex subspecies which is Gram-negative, + motile rods conforming to the definition of the family Enterobacteriaceae, + proposed for a group of organisms referred to as NIH Group 21 at the National + Institute of Health, Tokyo. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s002849900110] + meaning: NCBITaxon:208224 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Enterobacter roggenkampii [NCBITaxon:1812935]: + text: Enterobacter roggenkampii [NCBITaxon:1812935] + description: An Enterobacter species which is a nitrogen fixing plant growth + promoting endophytic bacterium with biocontrol and stress tolerance properties, + isolated from sugarcane root [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.580081/full]. + meaning: NCBITaxon:1812935 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Enterobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:42895]: + text: Enterobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:42895] + description: An unclassified Enterobacter species. + meaning: NCBITaxon:42895 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Lelliottia amnigena [NCBITaxon:61646]: + text: Lelliottia amnigena [NCBITaxon:61646] + description: An Enterobacteriaceae species which is also known as Enterobacter + amnigenus. + meaning: NCBITaxon:61646 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Pluralibacter gergoviae [NCBITaxon:61647]: + text: Pluralibacter gergoviae [NCBITaxon:61647] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, indole negative, + hydrolyzes esculin, oxidase negative, reduces nitrate and does not grow + in culture in the presence of potassium cyanide. E. gergoviae is a common + nosocomial pathogen, causing urinary tract infections. [NCIT:C86361] + meaning: NCBITaxon:61647 + is_a: Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] + Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350]: + text: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + description: A Bacillota genus which contains many kinds of Gram-positive + lactic acid cocci bacteria that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short + chains, and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics + alone. + meaning: NCBITaxon:1350 + Enterococcus asini [NCBITaxon:57732]: + text: Enterococcus asini [NCBITaxon:57732] + description: An Enterococcus species. + meaning: NCBITaxon:57732 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus avium [NCBITaxon:33945]: + text: Enterococcus avium [NCBITaxon:33945] + description: An Enterococcus species which is most commonly found in birds. + meaning: NCBITaxon:33945 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus caccae [NCBITaxon:317735]: + text: Enterococcus caccae [NCBITaxon:317735] + description: An Enterococcus species. + meaning: NCBITaxon:317735 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus canis [NCBITaxon:214095]: + text: Enterococcus canis [NCBITaxon:214095] + description: An Enterococcus species. + meaning: NCBITaxon:214095 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus casseliflavus [NCBITaxon:37734]: + text: Enterococcus casseliflavus [NCBITaxon:37734] + description: An Enteroccocus species which is a Gram positive, catalase- and + oxidase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile ovoid cocci occurring in + single, pairs or short chains. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/enterococcus-casseliflavus] + meaning: NCBITaxon:37734 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus cecorum [NCBITaxon:44008]: + text: Enterococcus cecorum [NCBITaxon:44008] + description: An Enterococcus species. + meaning: NCBITaxon:44008 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus dispar [NCBITaxon:44009]: + text: Enterococcus dispar [NCBITaxon:44009] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore + forming, catalase negative, and hydrolyzes esculin. E. dispar has been isolated + from human specimens. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86366] + meaning: NCBITaxon:44009 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus durans [NCBITaxon:53345]: + text: Enterococcus durans [NCBITaxon:53345] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is non-motile, ferments + melibiose, does not ferment arabinose or citrate, does not reduce tetrazolium + and is a lactic acid bacteria. E. durans is pathogenic in chickens but is + rarely shown to be pathogenic in humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86367] + meaning: NCBITaxon:53345 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus faecium [NCBITaxon:1352]: + text: Enterococcus faecium [NCBITaxon:1352] + description: An Enterococcus species which is a Gram-positive, gamma-hemolytic + or non-hemolytic bacterium that can act as a pathogen or commensal in the + gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. + meaning: NCBITaxon:1352 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus faecalis [NCBITaxon:1351]: + text: Enterococcus faecalis [NCBITaxon:1351] + description: An Enterococcus species which is a Gram-positive, commensal bacterium + inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans. E. faecalis is found in + healthy humans and can be used as a probiotic, but can also cause a variety + of nosocomial infections of which urinary tract infections are the most + common. + meaning: NCBITaxon:1351 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus gallinarum [NCBITaxon:1353]: + text: Enterococcus gallinarum [NCBITaxon:1353] + description: An Enteroccocus species which is a Gram positive, catalase- and + oxidase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile ovoid cocci occurring in + single, pairs or short chains. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/enterococcus-casseliflavus] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1353 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus hirae [NCBITaxon:1354]: + text: Enterococcus hirae [NCBITaxon:1354] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore + forming, catalase negative, and hydrolyzes esculin but not hippurate. E. + hirae was isolated from chicken and pig intestines and though rare, is pathogenic + in humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86371] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1354 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus malodoratus [NCBITaxon:71451]: + text: Enterococcus malodoratus [NCBITaxon:71451] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore + forming, catalase negative, produces hydrogen sulfide, and hydrolyzes esculin, + but not hippurate. E. malodoratus has been isolated from Gouda cheese. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86372] + meaning: NCBITaxon:71451 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus mundtii [NCBITaxon:53346]: + text: Enterococcus mundtii [NCBITaxon:53346] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore + forming, catalase negative, hydrolyzes esculin, but not hippurate. E. mundtii + has been isolated from cow teats, plants and soil, and though rare is pathogenic + in humans causing enophthalmitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86373] + meaning: NCBITaxon:53346 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus ratti [NCBITaxon:150033]: + text: Enterococcus ratti [NCBITaxon:150033] + description: An Enterococcus species. + meaning: NCBITaxon:150033 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus saccharolyticus [NCBITaxon:41997]: + text: Enterococcus saccharolyticus [NCBITaxon:41997] + description: A species of Gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively + anaerobic, fermentative, non-motile, coccus-shaped bacteria in the family + Enterococcaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C122301] + meaning: NCBITaxon:41997 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus thailandicus [NCBITaxon:417368]: + text: Enterococcus thailandicus [NCBITaxon:417368] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, spherical + or ovoid shaped bacteria arranged in pairs or chains, in the phylum Firmicutes. + This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, hydrolyzes + arginine and esculin, but not starch or gelatin, weakly positive for blood + hemolysis, does not reduce nitrate, and ferments glucose. E. thailandicus + has been isolated from fermented sausages produced in Thailand and is not + yet known to be pathogenic to humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C114243] + meaning: NCBITaxon:417368 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Enterococcus villorum [NCBITaxon:112904]: + text: Enterococcus villorum [NCBITaxon:112904] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, gram-positive, non-motile, + non-spore-forming, spherical or ovoid shaped bacteria in the genus Enterococcus. + meaning: NCBITaxon:112904 + is_a: Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] + Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561]: + text: Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561] + description: An Enterobacteriaceae genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, + facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. + meaning: NCBITaxon:561 + Escherichia coli [NCBITaxon:562]: + text: Escherichia coli [NCBITaxon:562] + description: An Escherichia species which is a Gram-negative, facultative + anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium commonly found in the lower intestine + of warm-blooded organisms. + meaning: NCBITaxon:562 + is_a: Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561] + Escherichia fergusonii [NCBITaxon:564]: + text: Escherichia fergusonii [NCBITaxon:564] + description: A species of Escherichia is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped species + of bacterium. + meaning: NCBITaxon:564 + is_a: Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561] + Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986]: + text: Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986] + description: A genus of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned + to the phylum Firmicutes and the family Bacillales XII.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86885] + meaning: NCBITaxon:33986 + Exiguobacterium oxidotolerans [NCBITaxon:223958]: + text: Exiguobacterium oxidotolerans [NCBITaxon:223958] + description: A species of Gram positive, alkaliphilic, facultative anaerobic + and motile bacteria assigned to the genus Exiguobacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exiguobacterium_oxidotolerans] + meaning: NCBITaxon:223958 + is_a: Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986] + Exiguobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:44751]: + text: Exiguobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:44751] + description: A species of the genus Exiguobacterium. + meaning: NCBITaxon:44751 + is_a: Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986] + Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570]: + text: Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570] + description: A genus of Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria that + have a polysaccharide-based capsule and are oxidase negative. Klebsiella + spp. are frequent human pathogens. [NCIT:C28165] + meaning: NCBITaxon:570 + Klebsiella aerogenes [NCBITaxon:548]: + text: Klebsiella aerogenes [NCBITaxon:548] + description: A species of Klebsiella which is a Gram-negative, oxidase negative, + catalase positive, citrate positive, indole negative, rod-shaped bacterium + meaning: NCBITaxon:548 + is_a: Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570] + Klebsiella michiganensis [NCBITaxon:1134687]: + text: Klebsiella michiganensis [NCBITaxon:1134687] + description: A species of Klebsiella. + meaning: NCBITaxon:1134687 + is_a: Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570] + Klebsiella oxytoca [NCBITaxon:571]: + text: Klebsiella oxytoca [NCBITaxon:571] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, + oxidase negative and indole positive. K. oxytoca is pathogenic, causing + urinary tract infections, and is one of the major causes of neonatal bacteremia + and septicemia. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86455] + meaning: NCBITaxon:571 + is_a: Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570] + Klebsiella pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:573]: + text: Klebsiella pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:573] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, + oxidase negative, and produces acid from glucose, mannitol, rhamnose, arabinose + and amygdalin. K. ozaenae is pathogenic and a causative agent of ozena/atrophic + rhinitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86457] + meaning: NCBITaxon:573 + is_a: Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570] + Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:72407]: + text: Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:72407] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, + oxidase negative, and produces acid from glucose, mannitol, rhamnose, arabinose + and amygdalin. K. ozaenae is pathogenic and a causative agent of ozena/atrophic + rhinitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86457] + meaning: NCBITaxon:72407 + is_a: Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570] + Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae [NCBITaxon:574]: + text: Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae [NCBITaxon:574] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, + oxidase and indole negative, encapsulated and lactose fermenting. K. pneumoniae + is part of the normal flora of the mouth, intestines, and skin but may become + pathogenic; it is the causative agent of Klebsiella pneumonia in immunocompromised, + diabetic, and alcoholic patients. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86456] + meaning: NCBITaxon:574 + is_a: Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570] + Kluyvera [NCBITaxon:579]: + text: Kluyvera [NCBITaxon:579] + description: A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. + [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86461] + meaning: NCBITaxon:579 + Kluyvera intermedia [NCBITaxon:61648]: + text: Kluyvera intermedia [NCBITaxon:61648] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile by + peritrichous flagella, catalase positive, oxidase and indole negative, and + ferments sucrose, dulcitol and amygdalin. K. intermedia is commonly found + in surface water and may be an opportunistic pathogen. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86465] + meaning: NCBITaxon:61648 + is_a: Kluyvera [NCBITaxon:579] + Kosakonia [NCBITaxon:1330547]: + text: Kosakonia [NCBITaxon:1330547] + description: A genus of the Enterobacteria complex which associated to plant + growth-promoting bacteria. [https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823414-3.00012-5] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1330547 + Kosakonia cowanii [NCBITaxon:208223]: + text: Kosakonia cowanii [NCBITaxon:208223] + description: A species of the genus Kosakonia which is a Gram-negative, motile, + facultatively-anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, formerly known as Enterobacter + cowanii. [https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-020-05084-6] + meaning: NCBITaxon:208223 + is_a: Kosakonia [NCBITaxon:1330547] + Leclercia [NCBITaxon:83654]: + text: Leclercia [NCBITaxon:83654] + description: A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. + [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86486] + meaning: NCBITaxon:83654 + Leclercia adecarboxylata [NCBITaxon:83655]: + text: Leclercia adecarboxylata [NCBITaxon:83655] + description: A species of the genus Leclercia which is a gram-negative bacillus + of the Enterobacteriaceae family. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7286590/#:~:text=Leclercia%20adecarboxylata%20is%20a%20gram,or%20contact%20with%20aquatic%20environment.] + meaning: NCBITaxon:83655 + is_a: Leclercia [NCBITaxon:83654] + Listeria [NCBITaxon:1637]: + text: Listeria [NCBITaxon:1637] + description: A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. + [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76359] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1637 + Listeria monocytogenes [NCBITaxon:1639]: + text: Listeria monocytogenes [NCBITaxon:1639] + description: A species of the genus Listeria which is a Gram-positive, facultative + anaerobic bacterium in the phylum Bacillota. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria_monocytogenes] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1639 + is_a: Listeria [NCBITaxon:1637] + Ochrobactrum [NCBITaxon:528]: + text: Ochrobactrum [NCBITaxon:528] + description: A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium assigned + to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Brucellaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86619] + meaning: NCBITaxon:528 + Ochrobactrum sp. [NCBITaxon:42190]: + text: Ochrobactrum sp. [NCBITaxon:42190] + description: A species of the Ochrobacterium genus. + meaning: NCBITaxon:42190 + is_a: Ochrobactrum [NCBITaxon:528] + Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335]: + text: Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335] + description: A genus of Gram-negative bacteria of the family Erwiniaceae, + which is motile, yellow pigmented, ferments lactose, are motile, and form + mucoid colonies. This genus includes at least 20 species and recently separated + from the genus Enterobacter. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantoea] + meaning: NCBITaxon:53335 + Pantoea ananatis [NCBITaxon:553]: + text: Pantoea ananatis [NCBITaxon:553] + description: A species of the genus Pantoea that is facultatively anaerobic. + [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/pantoea-ananatis] + meaning: NCBITaxon:553 + is_a: Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335] + Pantoea sp. [NCBITaxon:69393]: + text: Pantoea sp. [NCBITaxon:69393] + description: A species of the genus Pantoea. + meaning: NCBITaxon:69393 + is_a: Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335] + Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657]: + text: Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657] + description: A genus of facultatively anaerobic gram negative rod shaped bacterium + in the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Vibrionaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C866466] + meaning: NCBITaxon:657 + Photobacterium indicum [NCBITaxon:81447]: + text: Photobacterium indicum [NCBITaxon:81447] + description: A mesophilic, motile bacterium of the genus Photobacterium that + was isolated from marine mud. + meaning: NCBITaxon:81447 + is_a: Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657] + Photobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:660]: + text: Photobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:660] + description: A species of the genus Pseudomonas. + meaning: NCBITaxon:660 + is_a: Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657] + Providencia [NCBITaxon:586]: + text: Providencia [NCBITaxon:586] + description: A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. + [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86690] + meaning: NCBITaxon:586 + Providencia rettgeri [NCBITaxon:587]: + text: Providencia rettgeri [NCBITaxon:587] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped + bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, + indole, citrate, and urease positive. P. rettgeri is an opportunistic pathogen + associated with nosocomial outbreaks, bacteremia, skin infections, and traveler's + diarrhea. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86693] + meaning: NCBITaxon:587 + is_a: Providencia [NCBITaxon:586] + Pseudoalteromonas [NCBITaxon:53246]: + text: Pseudoalteromonas [NCBITaxon:53246] + description: A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium + assigned to the phylum Pseudomonadota [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoalteromonas + | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0021851] + meaning: NCBITaxon:53246 + Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis [NCBITaxon:43659]: + text: Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis [NCBITaxon:43659] + description: A species of marine bacteria assigned to the genus Pseudoalteromonas. + This species is isolated from the surface slime of the puffer fish. It secretes + the neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoalteromonas_tetraodonis] + meaning: NCBITaxon:43659 + is_a: Pseudoalteromonas [NCBITaxon:53246] + Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286]: + text: Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286] + description: A genus of the family Pseudomonadaceae which is a Gram-negative, + motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria. + [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas] + meaning: NCBITaxon:286 + Pseudomonas aeruginosa [NCBITaxon:287]: + text: Pseudomonas aeruginosa [NCBITaxon:287] + description: A species of the genus Pseudomonas which is a facultatively anaerobic, + Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas] + meaning: NCBITaxon:287 + is_a: Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286] + Pseudomonas fluorescens [NCBITaxon:294]: + text: Pseudomonas fluorescens [NCBITaxon:294] + description: A species of the genus Pseudomonas which is a Gram-negative, + rod-shaped bacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_fluorescens] + meaning: NCBITaxon:294 + is_a: Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286] + Pseudomonas soli [NCBITaxon:1306993]: + text: Pseudomonas soli [NCBITaxon:1306993] + description: A species of the genus Pseudomonas. + meaning: NCBITaxon:1306993 + is_a: Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286] + Pseudomonas sp. [NCBITaxon:306]: + text: Pseudomonas sp. [NCBITaxon:306] + description: A species of the genus Pseudomonas. + meaning: NCBITaxon:306 + is_a: Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286] + Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497]: + text: Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497] + description: A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium + assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Moraxellaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C867077] + meaning: NCBITaxon:497 + Psychrobacter faecalis [NCBITaxon:180588]: + text: Psychrobacter faecalis [NCBITaxon:180588] + description: A species of Gram-negative, and oxidase-negative bacteria assigned + to the genus Psychrobacter. + meaning: NCBITaxon:180588 + is_a: Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497] + Psychrobacter nivimaris [NCBITaxon:281738]: + text: Psychrobacter nivimaris [NCBITaxon:281738] + description: Psychrobacter nivimaris is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, + aerobic, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated + from the Southern Ocean + meaning: NCBITaxon:281738 + is_a: Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497] + Psychrobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:56811]: + text: Psychrobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:56811] + description: A species of the genus Psychrobacter. + meaning: NCBITaxon:56811 + is_a: Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497] + Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037]: + text: Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037] + description: A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. + [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86710] + meaning: NCBITaxon:34037 + Rahnella aquatilis [NCBITaxon:34038]: + text: Rahnella aquatilis [NCBITaxon:34038] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacteria in the phylum Fusobacteria. This species is weakly positive for + phenylalanine deaminase. R. aquatilis is pathogenic in immunocompromised + patients. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86711] + meaning: NCBITaxon:34038 + is_a: Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037] + Rahnella sp. [NCBITaxon:1873497]: + text: Rahnella sp. [NCBITaxon:1873497] + description: A species of the genus Rahnella. + meaning: NCBITaxon:1873497 + is_a: Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037] + Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674]: + text: Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674] + description: A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium assigned + to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86714] + meaning: NCBITaxon:160674 + Raoultella ornithinolytica [NCBITaxon:54291]: + text: Raoultella ornithinolytica [NCBITaxon:54291] + description: A species of the genus Raoultella which is an encapsulated Gram-negative, + oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, aerobic, non-motile rod bacteria that + belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. + meaning: NCBITaxon:54291 + is_a: Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674] + Raoultella planticola [NCBITaxon:575]: + text: Raoultella planticola [NCBITaxon:575] + description: A species of Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the + phylum Proteobacteria. This species can deaminate tryptophan, is able to + grow at 10 degrees Celsius and uses sorbose as a carbon source. R. planticola + is a pathogen that can cause pancreatitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86716] + meaning: NCBITaxon:575 + is_a: Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674] + Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901]: + text: Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901] + description: A species of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned + to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is oxidase and urease negative, + catalase positive, reduces nitrate to nitrite, ferments glucose, and grows + well on media containing peptone or meat extract. S. enterica is a causative + agent of salmonellosis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86731] + meaning: NCBITaxon:28901 + Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201]: + text: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201] + description: A subspecies of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned + to the phylum Proteobacteria and the species Salmonella enterica. This subspecies + does not produce acid from lactose, salicin, or galacturonate, will not + hydrolyze gelatin, and exhibits no growth in the presence of KCN. S. enterica + subsp. enterica is the causative agent of various types of salmonellosis. + [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86913] + meaning: NCBITaxon:59201 + is_a: Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901] + Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae [NCBITaxon:59203]: + text: Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae [NCBITaxon:59203] + description: A subspecies of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned + to the phylum Proteobacteria and the species Salmonella enterica. S. enterica + subsp. arizonae is an inhabitant of the gut of reptiles and is pathogenic + in humans, although is rarely isolated from clinical specimens. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86910] + meaning: NCBITaxon:59203 + is_a: Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901] + Serratia [NCBITaxon:613]: + text: Serratia [NCBITaxon:613] + description: A genus of small motile peritrichous bacteria in the Enterobacteriacaea + family consisting of Gram-negative rods. [NCIT:C86010] + meaning: NCBITaxon:613 + Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22]: + text: Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22] + description: A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Shewanellaceae. + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C867422] + meaning: NCBITaxon:22 + Shewanella pealeana [NCBITaxon:70864]: + text: Shewanella pealeana [NCBITaxon:70864] + description: A species of Gram-negative, mesophilic, facultatively anaerobic, + psychrotolerant, motile and rod-shaped bacteria that are assigned to the + genus Shewanella. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-49-4-13411] + meaning: NCBITaxon:2726434 + is_a: Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22] + Shewanella putrefaciens [NCBITaxon:24]: + text: Shewanella putrefaciens [NCBITaxon:24] + description: A species of Gram-negative, mesophilic, facultatively anaerobic, + psychrotolerant, motile and rod-shaped bacteria that are assigned to the + genus Shewanella. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-49-4-13411] + meaning: NCBITaxon:70864 + is_a: Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22] + Shewanella oncorhynchi [NCBITaxon:2726434]: + text: Shewanella oncorhynchi [NCBITaxon:2726434] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped + bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species can reduce + metals including iron, manganese and uranium to produce energy. S. putrefaciens + is found in marine environments and is a pathogen that can cause bacteremia, + biliary tract infection, peritonitis, empyema, and various skin and soft + tissue infections. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86743] + meaning: NCBITaxon:24 + is_a: Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22] + Shewanella sp. [NCBITaxon:50422]: + text: Shewanella sp. [NCBITaxon:50422] + description: A species of the genus Shewanella. + meaning: NCBITaxon:50422 + is_a: Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22] + Staphylococcus [NCBITaxon:1279]: + text: Staphylococcus [NCBITaxon:1279] + description: A genus of nonmotile, nonspore-forming, aerobic to facultatively + anaerobic bacteria containing Gram-positive, spherical cells, 0.5-1.5 microns + in diameter, which divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. + Coagulase-positive strains produce a variety of toxins and are therefore + potentially pathogenic and may cause food poisoning. They are found on the + skin, in skin glands, on the nasal and other mucous membranes of warm-blooded + animals, and in various food products. The type species is Staphylococcus + aureus [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C62583] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1279 + Staphylococcus aureus [NCBITaxon:1280]: + text: Staphylococcus aureus [NCBITaxon:1280] + description: A common bacterial species found especially on nasal mucous membrane + and skin (hair follicles); bacterial species that produces exotoxins including + those that cause toxic shock syndrome, with resulting skin rash, and renal, + hepatic, and central nervous system disease, and an enterotoxin associated + with food poisoning; it causes furunculosis, cellulitis, pyemia, pneumonia, + osteomyelitis, endocarditis, suppuration of wounds, other infections; also + a cause of infection in burn patients; humans are the chief reservoir. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C50921] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1280 + is_a: Staphylococcus [NCBITaxon:1279] + Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301]: + text: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + description: A genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes and + the lactic acid bacteria group. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76383] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1301 + Streptococcus alactolyticus [NCBITaxon:29389]: + text: Streptococcus alactolyticus [NCBITaxon:29389] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for urease, + alpha hemolysis, esculin hydrolysis and Lancefield group D and negative + for gelatinase, caseinase, catalase, arginine deamination and growth in + 6.5% NaCl. It can ferment glucose, cellobiose, fructose, galactose, maltose, + mannose, salicin and sucrose but not arabinose, mannitol, lactose, glycerol, + raffinose, ribose, sorbitol, trehalose or xylose. S. alactolyticus is found + in the intestinal tract of pigs, is a cause of zoonotic infections and has + rarely been isolated from human clinical specimen. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86781] + meaning: NCBITaxon:29389 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Streptococcus bovis [NCBITaxon:1335]: + text: Streptococcus bovis [NCBITaxon:1335] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for arginine + deamination and negative for catalase, oxidase, hemolysis, growth in 6.5% + NaCl and urease. It can ferment raffinose but not arabinose, mannitol, lactose + or glycerol. S. bovis is found in the alimentary tract of ruminants and + is a human pathogen that can cause bacteremia, sepsis or endocarditis.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86784] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1335 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Streptococcus equinus [NCBITaxon:1335]: + text: Streptococcus equinus [NCBITaxon:1335] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for Lancefield + group D and esculin hydrolysis and negative for catalase, arginine deaminase, + growth in 6.5% NaCl and pyrrolidonylarylamidase. It can ferment trehalose + but not mannitol, melibiose or sorbitol. S. equinus is commensal in many + animals and can be a human pathogen that causes a variety of opportunistic + infections.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86790] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1335 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Streptococcus gallolyticus [NCBITaxon:315405]: + text: Streptococcus gallolyticus [NCBITaxon:315405] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for gallate + degradation, esculin hydrolysis and Lancefield group D and negative for + catalase, hemolysis, growth in 6.5% NaCl and pyrrolidonylarylamidase. It + can ferment cellobiose, fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose, maltose, + mannose, melibiose and trehalose but not ribose or sorbitol. S. gallolyticus + is commensal in the human alimentary tract and is a pathogen that can cause + septicemia and endocarditis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86791] + meaning: NCBITaxon:315405 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Streptococcus infantarius [NCBITaxon:102684]: + text: Streptococcus infantarius [NCBITaxon:102684] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for esculin + hydrolysis, alpha galactosidase and Lancefield group D and negative for + catalase, arginine deaminase, growth in 6.5% NaCl, pyrrolidonylarylamidase + and urease. It can ferment melibiose, lactose and sucrose but not mannitol, + sorbitol, inulin or trehalose. S infantarius has been isolated from infants + and is a human pathogen that can cause hepatobiliary bacteremia. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86793] + meaning: NCBITaxon:102684 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Streptococcus lutetiensis [NCBITaxon:150055]: + text: Streptococcus lutetiensis [NCBITaxon:150055] + description: A species of Gram-positive, non-sporulating, non-motile coccus-shaped + bacteria in the order Lactobacillales. S.lutetiensis is positive for alpha-galactosidase + and beta-glucosidase and negative for catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, + beta-glactosidase, and beta-glucuronidase. The species has been isolated + from human cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and stool.. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C124409] + meaning: NCBITaxon:150055 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Streptococcus macedonicus [NCBITaxon:59310]: + text: Streptococcus macedonicus [NCBITaxon:59310] + description: A species among the Streptococcus thermophilus-like micro-organisms + that belong to the S. bovis/S. equinus complex. It was first isolated from + naturally fermented Greek Kasseri cheese and possesses a food-grade and + non-pathogenic status. + meaning: NCBITaxon:59310 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Streptococcus pasteurianus [NCBITaxon:197614]: + text: Streptococcus pasteurianus [NCBITaxon:197614] + description: A species of Streptococcus that is a member of Group D streptococci + and was formerly known as S. bovis biotype II/2. + meaning: NCBITaxon:197614 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Streptococcus suis [NCBITaxon:1307]: + text: Streptococcus suis [NCBITaxon:1307] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped + bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is beta glucuronidase and + arginine deaminase positive, hydrolyzes esculin, alpha hemolytic, Lancefield + groups R, S, and T positive, catalase and pyrrolidonylarylamidase negative + and does not grow in 6.5% NaCl. It can ferment sucrose, lactose, glucose, + galactose, maltose, salicin, trehalose, and inulin but not arabinose, mannitol, + melibiose, ribose, or sorbitol. S. suis is found in pigs where it can cause + cervical abscesses. Contact of infected pigs by humans can result in meningitis, + septicemia, endocarditis, and deafness. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86807] + meaning: NCBITaxon:1307 + is_a: Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] + Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662]: + text: Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662] + description: A genus of Gram-negative bacteria with a curved rod shape in + the phylum Proteobacteria. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76386] + meaning: NCBITaxon:662 + Vibrio cholerae [NCBITaxon:666]: + text: Vibrio cholerae [NCBITaxon:666] + description: A species of the genus Vibrio which is a Gram-negative, facultative + anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrio_cholerae] + meaning: NCBITaxon:666 + is_a: Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662] + Vibrio parahaemolyticus [NCBITaxon:670]: + text: Vibrio parahaemolyticus [NCBITaxon:670] + description: A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, curved rod + shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, + oxidase and lysine decarboxylase positive, hemolytic, halophilic and can + use a wide variety of sugars as carbon sources. V. parahaemolyticus is a + marine organism and a pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and wound infections. + meaning: NCBITaxon:670 + is_a: Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662] + SequencingAssayTypeMenu: + name: SequencingAssayTypeMenu + title: sequencing_assay_type menu + permissible_values: + Amplicon sequencing assay [OBI:0002767]: + text: Amplicon sequencing assay [OBI:0002767] + description: A sequencing assay in which a DNA or RNA input molecule is amplified + by PCR and the product sequenced. + meaning: OBI:0002767 + 16S ribosomal gene sequencing assay [OBI:0002763]: + text: 16S ribosomal gene sequencing assay [OBI:0002763] + description: An amplicon sequencing assay in which the amplicon is derived + from universal primers used to amplify the 16S ribosomal RNA gene from isolate + bacterial genomic DNA or metagenomic DNA from a microbioal community. Resulting + sequences are compared to reference 16S sequence databases to identify or + classify bacteria present within a given sample. + meaning: OBI:0002763 + is_a: Amplicon sequencing assay [OBI:0002767] + Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117]: + text: Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117] + description: A DNA sequencing assay that intends to provide information about + the sequence of an entire genome of an organism. + meaning: OBI:0002117 + Whole metagenome sequencing assay [OBI:0002623]: + text: Whole metagenome sequencing assay [OBI:0002623] + description: A DNA sequencing assay that intends to provide information on + the DNA sequences of multiple genomes (a metagenome) from different organisms + present in the same input sample. + meaning: OBI:0002623 + Whole virome sequencing assay [OBI:0002768]: + text: Whole virome sequencing assay [OBI:0002768] + description: A whole metagenome sequencing assay that intends to provide information + on multiple genome sequences from different viruses present in the same + input sample. + meaning: OBI:0002768 + is_a: Whole metagenome sequencing assay [OBI:0002623] + SequencingPlatformMenu: + name: SequencingPlatformMenu + title: sequencing_platform menu + permissible_values: + Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923]: + text: Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923] + description: A sequencing platform provided by the Illumina company. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001923 + Pacific Biosciences [GENEPIO:0001927]: + text: Pacific Biosciences [GENEPIO:0001927] + description: A sequencing platform provided by the Pacific Biosciences company. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001927 + Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0002683]: + text: Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0002683] + description: A sequencing platform provided by the Ion Torrent company. + meaning: GENEPIO:0002683 + Oxford Nanopore Technologies [OBI:0002755]: + text: Oxford Nanopore Technologies [OBI:0002755] + description: An organization that is developing and selling nanopore sequencing + products and is based in the UK. + meaning: OBI:0002755 + BGI Genomics [GENEPIO:0004324]: + text: BGI Genomics [GENEPIO:0004324] + description: A sequencing platform provided by the BGI Genomics company. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004324 + MGI [GENEPIO:0004325]: + text: MGI [GENEPIO:0004325] + description: A sequencing platform provided by the MGI company. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004325 + SequencingInstrumentMenu: + name: SequencingInstrumentMenu + title: sequencing_instrument menu + permissible_values: + Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105]: + text: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100105 + Illumina Genome Analyzer [OBI:0002128]: + text: Illumina Genome Analyzer [OBI:0002128] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by Solexa as one of its first sequencer + lines, launched in 2006, and capable of sequencing 1 gigabase (Gb) of data + in a single run. + meaning: OBI:0002128 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina Genome Analyzer II [OBI:0000703]: + text: Illumina Genome Analyzer II [OBI:0000703] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina (Solexa) corporation, + which supports sequencing of single or paired end clone libraries relying + on sequencing by synthesis technology. + meaning: OBI:0000703 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx [OBI:0002000]: + text: Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx [OBI:0002000] + description: An Illumina Genome Analyzer II which is manufactured by the Illumina + corporation. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired + end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology. The Genome + Analyzer IIx is the most widely adopted next-generation sequencing platform + and proven and published across the broadest range of research applications. + meaning: OBI:0002000 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina HiScanSQ [GENEPIO:0100109]: + text: Illumina HiScanSQ [GENEPIO:0100109] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using + sequence-by-synthesis chemistry, and contains a HiScan Reader for sequencing + and microarray-based analyses as well as an "SQ Module" to support microfluidics. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100109 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110]: + text: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using + sequence-by-synthesis chemistry, enabling deep sequencing and high yield. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100110 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina HiSeq X [GENEPIO:0100111]: + text: Illumina HiSeq X [GENEPIO:0100111] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using + sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that oenabled sufficent depth and coverage + to produce the first 30x human genome for $1000. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100111 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina HiSeq X Five [GENEPIO:0100112]: + text: Illumina HiSeq X Five [GENEPIO:0100112] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using + sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that consists of a set of 5 HiSeq X Sequencing + Systems. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100112 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina HiSeq X Ten [OBI:0002129]: + text: Illumina HiSeq X Ten [OBI:0002129] + description: A DNA sequencer that consists of a set of 10 HiSeq X Sequencing + Systems. + meaning: OBI:0002129 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina HiSeq 1000 [OBI:0002022]: + text: Illumina HiSeq 1000 [OBI:0002022] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, + with a single flow cell and a throughput of up to 35 Gb per day. It supports + sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying + on sequencing by synthesis technology. + meaning: OBI:0002022 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina HiSeq 1500 [OBI:0003386]: + text: Illumina HiSeq 1500 [OBI:0003386] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, + with a single flow cell and a throughput of up to 35-50 Gb per day. + meaning: OBI:0003386 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina HiSeq 2000 [OBI:0002001]: + text: Illumina HiSeq 2000 [OBI:0002001] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, + with two flow cells and a throughput of up to 55 Gb per day. Built upon + sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine is optimized for generation + of data for multiple samples in a single run. + meaning: OBI:0002001 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina HiSeq 2500 [OBI:0002002]: + text: Illumina HiSeq 2500 [OBI:0002002] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, + with two flow cells and a throughput of up to 160 Gb per day. Built upon + sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine is optimized for generation + of data for batching multiple samples or rapid results on a few samples. + meaning: OBI:0002002 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina HiSeq 3000 [OBI:0002048]: + text: Illumina HiSeq 3000 [OBI:0002048] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by Illumina corporation, with a + single flow cell and a throughput of more than 200 Gb per day. + meaning: OBI:0002048 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina HiSeq 4000 [OBI:0002049]: + text: Illumina HiSeq 4000 [OBI:0002049] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by Illumina corporation, with two + flow cell and a throughput of more than 400 Gb per day. + meaning: OBI:0002049 + is_a: Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] + Illumina iSeq [GENEPIO:0100120]: + text: Illumina iSeq [GENEPIO:0100120] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using + sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that is lightweight. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100120 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina iSeq 100 [GENEPIO:0100121]: + text: Illumina iSeq 100 [GENEPIO:0100121] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using + sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that is lightweight and has an output capacity + between 144MB-1.2GB. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100121 + is_a: Illumina iSeq [GENEPIO:0100120] + Illumina NovaSeq [GENEPIO:0100122]: + text: Illumina NovaSeq [GENEPIO:0100122] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illunina corporation using + sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that has an output capacirty of 6 Tb and + 20 billion reads in dual flow cell mode. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100122 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina NovaSeq 6000 [OBI:0002630]: + text: Illumina NovaSeq 6000 [OBI:0002630] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, + with two flow cells and an output of up to 6000 Gb (32-40 B reads per run). + The sequencer utilizes synthesis technology and patterned flow cells to + optimize throughput and even spacing of sequencing clusters. + meaning: OBI:0002630 + is_a: Illumina NovaSeq [GENEPIO:0100122] + Illumina MiniSeq [OBI:0003114]: + text: Illumina MiniSeq [OBI:0003114] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation + using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an + output capacity of 1.65-7.5 Gb. + meaning: OBI:0003114 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina MiSeq [OBI:0002003]: + text: Illumina MiSeq [OBI:0002003] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation. + Built upon sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine provides an end-to-end + solution (cluster generation, amplification, sequencing, and data analysis) + in a single machine. + meaning: OBI:0002003 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126]: + text: Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation + using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an + output capacity of 1.65-7.5 Gb. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100126 + is_a: Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] + Illumina NextSeq 500 [OBI:0002021]: + text: Illumina NextSeq 500 [OBI:0002021] + description: A DNA sequencer which is a desktop sequencer ideal for smaller-scale + studies manufactured by the Illumina corporation. It supports sequencing + of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing + by synthesis technology. + meaning: OBI:0002021 + is_a: Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126] + Illumina NextSeq 550 [GENEPIO:0100128]: + text: Illumina NextSeq 550 [GENEPIO:0100128] + description: A DNA sequencer which is a desktop sequencer ideal for smaller-scale + studies manufactured by the Illumina corporation. It supports sequencing + of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing + by synthesis technology. The 550 is an upgrade on the 500 model. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100128 + is_a: Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126] + Illumina NextSeq 1000 [OBI:0003606]: + text: Illumina NextSeq 1000 [OBI:0003606] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation + using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and uses P1 + and P2 flow cells. + meaning: OBI:0003606 + is_a: Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126] + Illumina NextSeq 2000 [GENEPIO:0100129]: + text: Illumina NextSeq 2000 [GENEPIO:0100129] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation + using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an + output capacity of 30-360 Gb. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100129 + is_a: Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126] + PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130]: + text: PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100130 + PacBio RS [GENEPIO:0100131]: + text: PacBio RS [GENEPIO:0100131] + description: "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation\ + \ which utilizes \u201CSMRT Cells\u201D for single-molecule real-time sequencing.\ + \ The RS was the first model made by the company." + meaning: GENEPIO:0100131 + is_a: PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130] + PacBio RS II [OBI:0002012]: + text: PacBio RS II [OBI:0002012] + description: A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences + corporation. Built upon single molecule real-time sequencing technology, + the machine is optimized for generation with long reads and high consensus + accuracy. + meaning: OBI:0002012 + is_a: PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130] + PacBio Sequel [OBI:0002632]: + text: PacBio Sequel [OBI:0002632] + description: A DNA sequencer built upon single molecule real-time sequencing + technology, optimized for generation with long reads and high consensus + accuracy, and manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation + meaning: OBI:0002632 + is_a: PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130] + PacBio Sequel II [OBI:0002633]: + text: PacBio Sequel II [OBI:0002633] + description: A DNA sequencer built upon single molecule real-time sequencing + technology, optimized for generation of highly accurate ("HiFi") long reads, + and which is manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation. + meaning: OBI:0002633 + is_a: PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130] + Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135]: + text: Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100135 + Ion Torrent PGM [GENEPIO:0100136]: + text: Ion Torrent PGM [GENEPIO:0100136] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which + utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and has an output capacity of 300 + MB - 1GB. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100136 + is_a: Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135] + Ion Torrent Proton [GENEPIO:0100137]: + text: Ion Torrent Proton [GENEPIO:0100137] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which + utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and has an output capacity of up to + 15 Gb. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100137 + is_a: Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135] + Ion Torrent S5 XL [GENEPIO:0100138]: + text: Ion Torrent S5 XL [GENEPIO:0100138] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which + utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and requires only a small amount of + input material while producing data faster than the S5 model. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100138 + is_a: Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135] + Ion Torrent S5 [GENEPIO:0100139]: + text: Ion Torrent S5 [GENEPIO:0100139] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which + utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and requires only a small amount of + input material. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100139 + is_a: Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135] + Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140]: + text: Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore corporation. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100140 + Oxford Nanopore Flongle [GENEPIO:0004433]: + text: Oxford Nanopore Flongle [GENEPIO:0004433] + description: An adapter for MinION or GridION DNA sequencers manufactured + by the Oxford Nanopore corporation that enables sequencing on smaller, single-use + flow cells. + meaning: GENEPIO:0004433 + is_a: Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140] + Oxford Nanopore GridION [GENEPIO:0100141]: + text: Oxford Nanopore GridION [GENEPIO:0100141] + description: A DNA sequencer that is manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore Technologies + corporation, that can run and analyze up to five individual flow cells producing + up to 150 Gb of data per run. The sequencer produces real-time results and + utilizes nanopore technology with the option of running the flow cells concurrently + or individual + meaning: GENEPIO:0100141 + is_a: Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140] + Oxford Nanopore MinION [OBI:0002750]: + text: Oxford Nanopore MinION [OBI:0002750] + description: A portable DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Oxford + Nanopore Technologies corporation, that uses consumable flow cells producing + up to 30 Gb of DNA sequence data per flow cell. The sequencer produces real-time + results and utilizes nanopore technology with up to 512 nanopore channels + in the sensor array. + meaning: OBI:0002750 + is_a: Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140] + Oxford Nanopore PromethION [OBI:0002752]: + text: Oxford Nanopore PromethION [OBI:0002752] + description: A DNA sequencer that is manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore Technologies + corporation, capable of running up to 48 flow cells and producing up to + 7.6 Tb of data per run. The sequencer produces real-time results and utilizes + Nanopore technology, with each flow cell allowing up to 3,000 nanopores + to be sequencing simultaneously. + meaning: OBI:0002752 + is_a: Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140] + BGISEQ [GENEPIO:0100144]: + text: BGISEQ [GENEPIO:0100144] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the BGI Genomics corporation. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100144 + BGISEQ-500 [GENEPIO:0100145]: + text: BGISEQ-500 [GENEPIO:0100145] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the BGI Genomics corporation + that utilizes Probe-Anchor Synthesis (cPAS) chemistry and "DNA Nanoballs". + meaning: GENEPIO:0100145 + is_a: BGISEQ [GENEPIO:0100144] + DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146]: + text: DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100146 + DNBSEQ-T7 [GENEPIO:0100147]: + text: DNBSEQ-T7 [GENEPIO:0100147] + description: A high throughput DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation + with an output capacity of 1~6TB of data per day. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100147 + is_a: DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146] + DNBSEQ-G400 [GENEPIO:0100148]: + text: DNBSEQ-G400 [GENEPIO:0100148] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an output + capacity of 55GB~1440GB per run. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100148 + is_a: DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146] + DNBSEQ-G400 FAST [GENEPIO:0100149]: + text: DNBSEQ-G400 FAST [GENEPIO:0100149] + description: A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an outout + capacity of 55GB~330GB per run, which enables faster sequencing than the + DNBSEQ-G400. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100149 + is_a: DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146] + DNBSEQ-G50 [GENEPIO:0100150]: + text: DNBSEQ-G50 [GENEPIO:0100150] + description: "A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an\ + \ output capacity of 10\uFF5E150 GB per run and enables different read lengths." + meaning: GENEPIO:0100150 + is_a: DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146] + PurposeOfSequencingMenu: + name: PurposeOfSequencingMenu + title: purpose_of_sequencing menu + permissible_values: + Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001]: + text: Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are chosen for investigation + into a disease cluster or outbreak. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100001 + Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002]: + text: Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context + of diagnostic testing. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100002 + Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548]: + text: Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548] + description: A sampling strategy in which environments are sampled in the + context of testing for the presence of, or change in the levels of, chemicals, + pathogens or other phenomena. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100548 + Research [GENEPIO:0100003]: + text: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in order + to perform research. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100003 + Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549]: + text: Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context + of experiments or observations performed as part of clinical research. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100549 + is_a: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550]: + text: Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550] + description: A sampling strategy in which samples are taken during real-life + experiments which test directly whether proposed interventions actually + work. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100550 + is_a: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + Protocol testing experiment [GENEPIO:0100024]: + text: Protocol testing experiment [GENEPIO:0100024] + description: A research sampling strategy in which samples are collected in + order to test a method or protocol. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100024 + is_a: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582]: + text: Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals and/or materials are + sampled for surveillance performed for research purposes. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100582 + is_a: Research [GENEPIO:0100003] + Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004]: + text: Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004] + description: A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled for surveillance + investigations. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100004 + AntimicrobialAgentNameMenu: + name: AntimicrobialAgentNameMenu + title: antimicrobial_agent_name menu + permissible_values: + Amikacin [CHEBI:2637]: + text: Amikacin [CHEBI:2637] + description: An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the + N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group. + meaning: CHEBI:2637 + Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [ARO:3003997]: + text: Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [ARO:3003997] + description: A fixed combination of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid, which + inhibits beta-lactamase, a bacterial enzyme that inactivates amoxicillin. + meaning: ARO:3003997 + Ampicillin [CHEBI:28971]: + text: Ampicillin [CHEBI:28971] + description: A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam + ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group. + meaning: CHEBI:28971 + Azithromycin [CHEBI:2955]: + text: Azithromycin [CHEBI:2955] + description: A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial + infections. + meaning: CHEBI:2955 + Cefazolin [CHEBI:474053]: + text: Cefazolin [CHEBI:474053] + description: A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl + and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively. + meaning: CHEBI:474053 + Cefepime [CHEBI:478164]: + text: Cefepime [CHEBI:478164] + description: A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and + (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions + 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. + meaning: CHEBI:478164 + Cefotaxime [CHEBI:204928]: + text: Cefotaxime [CHEBI:204928] + description: A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino + side groups. + meaning: CHEBI:204928 + Cefotaxime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004710]: + text: Cefotaxime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004710] + description: An antibiotic cocktail containing the cephalosporin antibiotic + cefotaxime and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid. + meaning: ARO:3004710 + Cefoxitin [CHEBI:209807]: + text: Cefoxitin [CHEBI:209807] + description: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the + methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl + side-groups. + meaning: CHEBI:209807 + Cefpodoxime [CHEBI:3504]: + text: Cefpodoxime [CHEBI:3504] + description: A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with methoxymethyl + and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamino substituents + at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. + meaning: CHEBI:3504 + Ceftazidime [CHEBI:3508]: + text: Ceftazidime [CHEBI:3508] + description: A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic bearing pyridinium-1-ylmethyl + and {[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetamido + groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. + meaning: CHEBI:3508 + Ceftazidime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004705]: + text: Ceftazidime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004705] + description: An antibiotic cocktail containing the cephalosporin antibiotic + ceftazidime and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid. + meaning: ARO:3004705 + Ceftiofur [ARO:3004006]: + text: Ceftiofur [ARO:3004006] + description: A third-generation broad spectrum cephalosporin and beta-lactam + antibiotic. It causes cell lysis by disrupting peptidoglycan cross-linkage + and cell wall formation by binding to PBPs. + meaning: ARO:3004006 + Ceftriaxone [CHEBI:29007]: + text: Ceftriaxone [CHEBI:29007] + description: A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino + and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl + side-groups. + meaning: CHEBI:29007 + Cephalothin: + text: Cephalothin + description: A semisynthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin + antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cephalothin binds to and inactivates + penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial + cell wall. + meaning: NCIT:C62021 + Chloramphenicol: + text: Chloramphenicol + description: An organochlorine compound that is dichloro-substituted acetamide + containing a nitrobenzene ring, an amide bond and two alcohol functions. + meaning: CHEBI:17698 + Ciprofloxacin: + text: Ciprofloxacin + description: A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic + acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, + respectively. + meaning: CHEBI:100241 + Clindamycin: + text: Clindamycin + description: A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic + derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic. + meaning: CHEBI:3745 + Doxycycline: + text: Doxycycline + description: A semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic in which the 5beta-hydrogen + is replaced by a hydroxy group, while the 6alpha-hydroxy group is replaced + by hydrogen. + meaning: CHEBI:50845 + Enrofloxacin: + text: Enrofloxacin + description: A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic + acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position + 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at + position 7. + meaning: CHEBI:35720 + Erythromycin: + text: Erythromycin + description: Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from + actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces + erythraeus). + meaning: CHEBI:48923 + Florfenicol: + text: Florfenicol + description: A carboxamide that is the N-dichloroacetyl derivative of (1R,2S)-2-amino-3-fluoro-1-[4-(methanesulfonyl)phenyl]propan-1-ol. + A synthetic veterinary antibiotic that is used for treatment of bovine respiratory + disease and foot rot; also used in aquaculture. + meaning: CHEBI:87185 + Gentamicin: + text: Gentamicin + description: Gentamicin is a parenterally administered, broad spectrum aminoglycoside + antibiotic typically used for moderate to severe gram negative infections. + meaning: CHEBI:17833 + Imipenem: + text: Imipenem + description: A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem + subgroup. + meaning: CHEBI:471744 + Kanamycin: + text: Kanamycin + description: 'Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces + kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major + component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D + and X the minor components.' + meaning: CHEBI:6104 + Levofloxacin: + text: Levofloxacin + description: An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; + an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase + meaning: CHEBI:63598 + Linezolid: + text: Linezolid + description: An organofluorine compound that consists of 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one + bearing an N-3-fluoro-4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl group as well as an acetamidomethyl + group at position 5. A synthetic antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial + protein synthesis by binding to a site on 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit + and prevents further formation of a functional 70S initiation complex. + meaning: CHEBI:63607 + Meropenem: + text: Meropenem + description: A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline + rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings + carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents + respectively. + meaning: CHEBI:43968 + Nalidixic acid: + text: Nalidixic acid + description: A monocarboxylic acid comprising 1,8-naphthyridin-4-one substituted + by carboxylic acid, ethyl and methyl groups at positions 3, 1, and 7, respectively. + An orally administered antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of lower + urinary-tract infections due to Gram-negative bacteria + meaning: CHEBI:100147 + Neomycin: + text: Neomycin + description: A broad-spectrum highly toxic antibiotic or mixture of antibiotics + produced by a streptomyces (Streptomyces fradiae) and used medically especially + to treat local infections. + meaning: CHEBI:7507 + Nitrofurantoin: + text: Nitrofurantoin + description: An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position + 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages + bacterial DNA. + meaning: CHEBI:71415 + Norfloxacin: + text: Norfloxacin + description: A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial + activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. + meaning: CHEBI:100246 + Oxolinic acid: + text: Oxolinic acid + description: A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid having the carboxy group at position + 7 as well as oxo and ethyl groups at positions 4 and 1 respectively and + a dioxolo ring fused at the 5- and 6-positions. + meaning: CHEBI:138856 + Oxytetracycline: + text: Oxytetracycline + description: A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety + of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, + Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory + infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae. + meaning: CHEBI:27701 + Penicillin: + text: Penicillin + description: Any member of the group of substituted penams containing two + methyl substituents at position 2, a carboxylate substituent at position + 3 and a carboxamido group at position 6. + meaning: CHEBI:17334 + Piperacillin: + text: Piperacillin + description: A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam + ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido + group. + meaning: CHEBI:8232 + Piperacillin-tazobactam: + text: Piperacillin-tazobactam + description: An antibiotic cocktail containing the penam beta-lactam antibiotic + Piperacillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam. + meaning: ARO:3004021 + Polymyxin B: + text: Polymyxin B + description: Polymyxin B is mixture of mostly polymyxins B1 and B2, mainly + used for resistant gram-negative infections. + meaning: ARO:3000454 + Quinupristin-dalfopristin: + text: Quinupristin-dalfopristin + description: An antibiotic cocktail of the streptogramin A dalfopristin and + the streptogramin B quinupristin antibiotics. + meaning: ARO:3004022 + Streptomycin: + text: Streptomycin + description: A amino cyclitol glycoside that consists of streptidine having + a disaccharyl moiety attached at the 4-position. The parent of the streptomycin + class + meaning: CHEBI:17076 + Sulfisoxazole: + text: Sulfisoxazole + description: A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has + antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive + organisms. + meaning: CHEBI:102484 + Telithromycin: + text: Telithromycin + description: Telithromycin is a semi-synthetic derivative of erythromycin. + It is a 14-membered macrolide and is the first ketolide antibiotic to be + used in clinics. Telithromycin binds the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome + to inhibit protein synthesis. + meaning: ARO:0000057 + Tetracycline: + text: Tetracycline + description: A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces + genus of actinobacteria. + meaning: CHEBI:27902 + Tigecycline: + text: Tigecycline + description: Tetracycline in which the hydroxy group at position 5 and the + methyl group at position 6 are replaced by hydrogen, and with a dimethylamino + substituent and an (N-tert-butylglycyl)amino substituent at positions 7 + and 9, respectively. A glycylcycline antibiotic, it has activity against + a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including tetracycline-resistant + organisms. + meaning: CHEBI:149836 + Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: + text: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole + description: An antibiotic cocktail containing the diaminopyrimidine antibiotic + Trimethoprim and the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (1 TMP:5 SMX). + meaning: ARO:3004024 + AmrPhenotypeMenu: + name: AmrPhenotypeMenu + title: AMR_phenotype menu + permissible_values: + Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040]: + text: Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040] + description: A not defined resistance indicates that an isolate was not tested + against a given antibiotic, or the result of the test was inconclusive. + meaning: GENEPIO:0002040 + Intermediate antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004300]: + text: Intermediate antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004300] + description: Intermediate sensitivity of a bacterial strain to a given antibiotic + occurs when it is inhibited by a concentration of the drug that is associated + with uncertain therapeutic effect. The elimination of intermediate phenotype + bacteria may depend on the site of infection and/or the concentration of + the administered drug. + meaning: ARO:3004300 + is_a: Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040] + Indeterminate antimicrobial phenotype [GENEPIO:0100585]: + text: Indeterminate antimicrobial phenotype [GENEPIO:0100585] + description: A not defined resistance which indicates that the result of the + test was inconclusive. + meaning: GENEPIO:0100585 + is_a: Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040] + Nonsusceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004303]: + text: Nonsusceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004303] + description: A bacterial strain is said to be nonsusceptible to a given antibiotic + drug if it demonstrates either an intermediate or resistant phenotype when + exposed to a concentration of a drug that is associated with a high likelihood + of therapeutic failure, i.e. if the bacterial strain is not susceptible + to the antibiotic drug but not necessarily totally resistant under all conditions. + meaning: ARO:3004303 + Resistant antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004301]: + text: Resistant antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004301] + description: A bacterial strain is said to be resistant to a given antibiotic + when it is inhibited in vitro by a concentration of this drug that is associated + with a high likelihood of therapeutic failure. + meaning: ARO:3004301 + Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302]: + text: Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302] + description: A bacterial strain is said to be susceptible to a given antibiotic + when it is inhibited in vitro by a concentration of a drug that is associated + with a high likelihood of therapeutic success + meaning: ARO:3004302 + Susceptible dose dependent antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004304]: + text: Susceptible dose dependent antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004304] + description: A bacterial strain is said to be susceptible-dose dependent (SDD) + to a given antibiotic when growth is inhibited with a high likelihood of + therapeutic success, but when multiple approved dosing options exist. When + a higher or more frequent dose is used, the predicted therapeutic result + is the same as for susceptible individuals. + meaning: ARO:3004304 + AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu: + name: AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu + title: AMR_measurement_units menu + permissible_values: + milligram per litre (mg/L) [UO:0000273]: + text: milligram per litre (mg/L) [UO:0000273] + description: A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in milligrams + divided by the volume in liters. + meaning: UO:0000273 + millimetre (mm) [UO:0000016]: + text: millimetre (mm) [UO:0000016] + description: A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of a meter or + 10^[-3] m + meaning: UO:0000016 + microgram per millilitre (ug/mL) [UO:0000274]: + text: microgram per millilitre (ug/mL) [UO:0000274] + description: A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in micrograms + divided by the volume in millliters. + meaning: UO:0000274 + AmrMeasurementSignMenu: + name: AmrMeasurementSignMenu + title: AMR_measurement_sign menu + permissible_values: + less than (<) [GENEPIO:0001002]: + text: less than (<) [GENEPIO:0001002] + description: The "less than" comparator indicates that a given substance was + present at less than a given quantity or concentration. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001002 + less than or equal to (<=) [GENEPIO:0001003]: + text: less than or equal to (<=) [GENEPIO:0001003] + description: The "less than or equal to" comparator indicates that a given + substance was present at less than or equal to a given quantity or concentration. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001003 + equal to (==) [GENEPIO:0001004]: + text: equal to (==) [GENEPIO:0001004] + description: The "equal to" comparator indicates that a given substance was + present at the given quantity or concentration. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001004 + greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006]: + text: greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006] + description: The "greater than" comparator indicates that a given substance + was present at greater than a given quantity or concentration. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001006 + greater than or equal to (>=) [GENEPIO:0001005]: + text: greater than or equal to (>=) [GENEPIO:0001005] + description: The "greater than or equal to" comparator indicates that a given + substance was present at greater than or equal to a given quantity or concentration. + meaning: GENEPIO:0001005 + AmrLaboratoryTypingMethodMenu: + name: AmrLaboratoryTypingMethodMenu + title: AMR_laboratory_typing_method menu + permissible_values: + Agar diffusion [NCIT:85595]: + text: Agar diffusion [NCIT:85595] + description: A method to determine microbial susceptibility to antibiotics + wherein bacteria are inoculated onto agar plates and the antimicrobial agent + diffused onto the agar plate from a filter paper disk. An approximate, but + not exact, MIC is determined by the diameter of growth inhibition zones. + This method has been found to have good correlation between in-vivo data + and in-vitro data. [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ] + meaning: NCIT:85595 + Antimicrobial gradient (E-test) [NCIT:85596]: + text: Antimicrobial gradient (E-test) [NCIT:85596] + description: A method to determine microbial susceptibility to antibiotics + in which a plastic strip impregnated with the antibiotic of interest is + placed on an agar plate that has been inoculated with bacteria. The antibiotic + diffuses from the strip producing a concentration gradient of drug on the + agar. The point at which the elliptical shaped area of growth inhibition + meets the strip is the minimum inhibitory concentration of the drug of interest. + [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ] + meaning: NCIT:85596 + is_a: Agar diffusion [NCIT:85595] + Agar dilution [ARO:3004411]: + text: Agar dilution [ARO:3004411] + description: In this method, bacteria are inoculated onto agar plates and + the antimicrobial agent is injected into the plate and allowed to diffuse. + [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ] + meaning: ARO:3004411 + Broth dilution [ARO:3004397]: + text: Broth dilution [ARO:3004397] + description: The microbial species are inoculated in liquid growth medium + containing incremental dilutions (usually 2-fold) of the antimicrobial agent. + meaning: ARO:3004397 + AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu: + name: AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu + title: AMR_laboratory_typing_platform menu + permissible_values: + BIOMIC Microbiology System [ARO:3007569]: + text: BIOMIC Microbiology System [ARO:3007569] + description: Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial + susceptibility developed by Giles Scientific. + meaning: ARO:3007569 + Microscan [ARO:3004400]: + text: Microscan [ARO:3004400] + description: Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial + susceptibility developed by Omron. + meaning: ARO:3004400 + Phoenix [ARO:3004401]: + text: Phoenix [ARO:3004401] + description: Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial + susceptibility developed by Becton Dickinson. + meaning: ARO:3004401 + Sensititre [ARO:3004402]: + text: Sensititre [ARO:3004402] + description: Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial + susceptibility developed by ThermoFisher Scientific. + meaning: ARO:3004402 + Vitek System [ARO:3004403]: + text: Vitek System [ARO:3004403] + description: "Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial\ + \ susceptibility developed by bioM\xE9rieux." + meaning: ARO:3004403 + AMR_vendor_name menu: + name: AMR_vendor_name menu + title: AMR_vendor_name menu + permissible_values: + Becton Dickinson [ARO:3004405]: + text: Becton Dickinson [ARO:3004405] + description: Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining + antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in New Jersey, USA. Becton Dickinson + is the developer of the Phoenix automated testing platform. + meaning: ARO:3004405 + "bioM\xE9rieux [ARO:3004406]": + text: "bioM\xE9rieux [ARO:3004406]" + description: "Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining\ + \ antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in France. bioM\xE9rieux is\ + \ the developer of the Vitek automated testing platform." + meaning: ARO:3004406 + Omron [ARO:3004408]: + text: Omron [ARO:3004408] + description: Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining + antimicrobial susceptibility based in Japan. Omron is the developer of the + MicroScan automated testing platform. + meaning: ARO:3004408 + Siemens [ARO:3004407]: + text: Siemens [ARO:3004407] + description: Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining + antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in Berlin and Munich. + meaning: ARO:3004407 + Trek [ARO:3004409]: + text: Trek [ARO:3004409] + description: Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining + antimicrobial susceptibility that was acquired by Thermo Fisher Scientific + Inc. Thermo Fisher Scienfiic Inc. is headquartered in Massachusetts, USA. + Trek is the developer of the Sensitire automated testing platform. + meaning: ARO:3004409 + AmrTestingStandardMenu: + name: AmrTestingStandardMenu + title: AMR_testing_standard menu + permissible_values: + British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) [ARO:3004365]: + text: British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) [ARO:3004365] + meaning: ARO:3004365 + Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366]: + text: Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366] + meaning: ARO:3004366 + "Deutsches Institut f\xFCr Normung (DIN) [ARO:3004367]": + text: "Deutsches Institut f\xFCr Normung (DIN) [ARO:3004367]" + meaning: ARO:3004367 + European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) [ARO:3004368]: + text: European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) + [ARO:3004368] + meaning: ARO:3004368 + National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) [ARO:3007195]: + text: National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) [ARO:3007195] + meaning: ARO:3007195 + National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) [ARO:3007193]: + text: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) [ARO:3007193] + meaning: ARO:3007193 + "Soci\xE9t\xE9 Fran\xE7aise de Microbiologie (SFM) [ARO:3004369]": + text: "Soci\xE9t\xE9 Fran\xE7aise de Microbiologie (SFM) [ARO:3004369]" + meaning: ARO:3004369 + Swedish Reference Group for Antibiotics (SIR) [ARO:3007397]: + text: Swedish Reference Group for Antibiotics (SIR) [ARO:3007397] + meaning: ARO:3007397 + Werkgroep Richtlijnen Gevoeligheidsbepalingen (WRG) [ARO:3007398]: + text: Werkgroep Richtlijnen Gevoeligheidsbepalingen (WRG) [ARO:3007398] + meaning: ARO:3007398 + GeoLocNameCountryMenu: + name: GeoLocNameCountryMenu + title: geo_loc_name_(country) menu + permissible_values: + Afghanistan [GAZ:00006882]: + text: Afghanistan [GAZ:00006882] + meaning: GAZ:00006882 + Albania [GAZ:00002953]: + text: Albania [GAZ:00002953] + description: A landlocked country that is located approximately in the center + of Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east Iran in the west, + Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far + northeast. Afghanistan is administratively divided into thirty-four (34) + provinces (welayats). Each province is then divided into many provincial + districts, and each district normally covers a city or several townships. + [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan ] + meaning: GAZ:00002953 + Algeria [GAZ:00000563]: + text: Algeria [GAZ:00000563] + description: 'A country in South Eastern Europe. Albania is bordered by Greece + to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and + the Republic of Macedonia to the east. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea + to the west, and on the Ionian Sea to the southwest. From the Strait of + Otranto, Albania is less than 100 km from Italy. Albania is divided into + 12 administrative divisions called (Albanian: official qark/qarku, but often + prefekture/prefektura Counties), 36 districts (Rrethe) and 351 municipalities + (Bashkia) and communes (Komuna). [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania + ]' + meaning: GAZ:00000563 + American Samoa [GAZ:00003957]: + text: American Samoa [GAZ:00003957] + description: A country in North Africa. It is bordered by Tunisia in the northeast, + Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, + a few km of the Western Sahara in the west, Morocco in the northwest, and + the Mediterranean Sea in the north. It divided into 48 provinces (wilayas), + 553 districts (dairas) and 1,541 municipalities (communes, baladiyahs). + [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria ] + meaning: GAZ:00003957 + Andorra [GAZ:00002948]: + text: Andorra [GAZ:00002948] + description: An unincorporated territory of the United States located in the + South Pacific Ocean, southeast of the sovereign State of Samoa. The main + (largest and most populous) island is Tutuila, with the Manu'a Islands, + Rose Atoll, and Swains Island also included in the territory. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Samoa + ] + meaning: GAZ:00002948 + Angola [GAZ:00001095]: + text: Angola [GAZ:00001095] + description: 'A small landlocked country in western Europe, located in the + eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain (Catalonia) and France. + Andorra consists of seven communities known as parishes (Catalan: parroquies, + singular - parroquia). Until relatively recently, it had only six parishes; + the seventh, Escaldes-Engordany, was created in 1978. Some parishes have + a further territorial subdivision. Ordino, La Massana and Sant Julia de + Loria are subdivided into quarts (quarters), while Canillo is subdivided + into veinats (neighborhoods). Those mostly coincide with villages, which + are found in all parishes. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andorra ]' + meaning: GAZ:00001095 + Anguilla [GAZ:00009159]: + text: Anguilla [GAZ:00009159] + description: A country in south-central Africa bordering Namibia to the south, + Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, and Zambia to the east, and + with a west coast along the Atlantic Ocean. The exclave province Cabinda + has a border with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic + of the Congo. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angola ] + meaning: GAZ:00009159 + Antarctica [GAZ:00000462]: + text: Antarctica [GAZ:00000462] + description: A British overseas territory in the Caribbean, one of the most + northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles. It consists of + the main island of Anguilla itself, approximately 26 km long by 5 km wide + at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and + cays with no permanent population. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguila + ] + meaning: GAZ:00000462 + Antigua and Barbuda [GAZ:00006883]: + text: Antigua and Barbuda [GAZ:00006883] + description: The Earth's southernmost continent, overlying the South Pole. + It is situated in the southern hemisphere, almost entirely south of the + Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctica + ] + meaning: GAZ:00006883 + Argentina [GAZ:00002928]: + text: Argentina [GAZ:00002928] + description: An island nation located on the eastern boundary of the Caribbean + Sea with the Atlantic Ocean. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda + ] + meaning: GAZ:00002928 + Armenia [GAZ:00004094]: + text: Armenia [GAZ:00004094] + description: 'A South American country, constituted as a federation of twenty-three + provinces and an autonomous city. It is bordered by Paraguay and Bolivia + in the north, Brazil and Uruguay in the northeast, and Chile in the west + and south. The country claims the British controlled territories of the + Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. Argentina + also claims 969,464 km2 of Antarctica, known as Argentine Antarctica, overlapping + other claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom. Argentina is subdivided + into twenty-three provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and + one federal district (Capital de la Republica or Capital de la Nacion, informally + the Capital Federal). The federal district and the provinces have their + own constitutions, but exist under a federal system. Provinces are then + divided into departments (Spanish: departamentos, singular departamento), + except for Buenos Aires Province, which is divided into partidos. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina + ]' + meaning: GAZ:00004094 + Aruba [GAZ:00004025]: + text: Aruba [GAZ:00004025] + description: A landlocked mountainous country in Eurasia between the Black + Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Southern Caucasus. It borders Turkey to the + west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Nakhchivan + exclave of Azerbaijan to the south. A transcontinental country at the juncture + of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. A former republic of the Soviet Union. + Armenia is divided into ten marzes (provinces, singular marz), with the + city (kaghak) of Yerevan having special administrative status as the country's + capital. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia ] + meaning: GAZ:00004025 + Ashmore and Cartier Islands [GAZ:00005901]: + text: Ashmore and Cartier Islands [GAZ:00005901] + description: An autonomous region within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Aruba + has no administrative subdivisions. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruba + ] + meaning: GAZ:00005901 + Australia [GAZ:00000463]: + text: Australia [GAZ:00000463] + description: A Territory of Australia that includes two groups of small low-lying + uninhabited tropical islands in the Indian Ocean situated on the edge of + the continental shelf north-west of Australia and south of the Indonesian + island of Roti. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands + ] + meaning: GAZ:00000463 + Austria [GAZ:00002942]: + text: Austria [GAZ:00002942] + description: A country in the southern hemisphere comprising the mainland + of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and a number + of other islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The neighbouring countries + are Indonesia, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon + Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia to the north-east, and New Zealand to + the south-east. Australia has six states, two major mainland territories, + and other minor territories. + meaning: GAZ:00002942 + Azerbaijan [GAZ:00004941]: + text: Azerbaijan [GAZ:00004941] + description: A landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany + and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia + and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The + capital is the city of Vienna on the Danube River. Austria is divided into + nine states (Bundeslander). These states are then divided into districts + (Bezirke) and cities (Statutarstadte). Districts are subdivided into municipalities + (Gemeinden). Cities have the competencies otherwise granted to both districts + and municipalities. + meaning: GAZ:00004941 + Bahamas [GAZ:00002733]: + text: Bahamas [GAZ:00002733] + description: A country in the he South Caucasus region of Eurasia, it is bounded + by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, + Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. The Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan + is bordered by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, + and Turkey to the northwest. Nagorno-Karabakh, along with 7 other districts + in Azerbaijan's southwest, have been controlled by Armenia since the end + of the Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1994. Azerbaijan is divided into 59 rayons + 11 city districts (saharlar), and one autonomous republic (muxtar respublika). + meaning: GAZ:00002733 + Bahrain [GAZ:00005281]: + text: Bahrain [GAZ:00005281] + description: A country consisting of two thousand cays and seven hundred islands + that form an archipelago. It is located in the Atlantic Ocean, southeast + of Florida and the United States, north of Cuba, the island of Hispanola + and the Caribbean, and northwest of the British overseas territory of the + Turks and Caicos Islands. It is divided into 32 districts, plus New Providence, + whose affairs are handled directly by the central government. + meaning: GAZ:00005281 + Baker Island [GAZ:00007117]: + text: Baker Island [GAZ:00007117] + description: A borderless island country in the Persian Gulf. Saudi Arabia + lies to the west and is connected to Bahrain by the King Fahd Causeway, + and Qatar is to the south across the Gulf of Bahrain. Bahrain is split into + five governorates. + meaning: GAZ:00007117 + Bangladesh [GAZ:00003750]: + text: Bangladesh [GAZ:00003750] + description: An uninhabited atoll located just north of the equator in the + central Pacific Ocean about 3,100 km southwest of Honolulu. Baker Island + is an unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US. + meaning: GAZ:00003750 + Barbados [GAZ:00001251]: + text: Barbados [GAZ:00001251] + description: A country in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides + except for a small border with Myanmar to the far southeast and by the Bay + of Bengal to the south. Bangladesh is divided into six administrative divisions. + Divisions are subdivided into districts (zila). There are 64 districts in + Bangladesh, each further subdivided into upazila (subdistricts) or thana + ("police stations"). + meaning: GAZ:00001251 + Bassas da India [GAZ:00005810]: + text: Bassas da India [GAZ:00005810] + description: "An island country in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies,\ + \ in the Caribbean region of the Americas, and the most easterly of the\ + \ Caribbean Islands. It is 34 kilometres (21 miles) in length and up to\ + \ 23 km (14 mi) in width, covering an area of 432 km2 (167 sq mi). It is\ + \ in the western part of the North Atlantic, 100 km (62 mi) east of the\ + \ Windward Islands and the Caribbean Sea.[7] Barbados is east of the Windwards,\ + \ part of the Lesser Antilles, at roughly 13\xB0N of the equator. It is\ + \ about 168 km (104 mi) east of both the countries of Saint Lucia and Saint\ + \ Vincent and the Grenadines and 180 km (110 mi) south-east of Martinique\ + \ and 400 km (250 mi) north-east of Trinidad and Tobago. Barbados is outside\ + \ the principal Atlantic hurricane belt. Its capital and largest city is\ + \ Bridgetown." + meaning: GAZ:00005810 + Belarus [GAZ:00006886]: + text: Belarus [GAZ:00006886] + description: A roughly circular atoll about 10 km in diameter, which corresponds + to a total size (including lagoon) of 80 km2. It is located in the southern + Mozambique Channel, about half-way between Madagascar (which is 385 km to + the east) and Mozambique, and 110 km northwest of Europa Island. It rises + steeply from the seabed 3000 m below. + meaning: GAZ:00006886 + Belgium [GAZ:00002938]: + text: Belgium [GAZ:00002938] + description: A landlocked country in Eastern Europe, that borders Russia to + the north and east, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania + and Latvia to the north. Its capital is Minsk. Belarus is divided into six + voblasts, or provinces. Voblasts are further subdivided into raions (commonly + translated as districts or regions). As of 2002, there are six voblasts, + 118 raions, 102 towns and 108 urbanized settlements. Minsk is given a special + status, due to the city serving as the national capital. + meaning: GAZ:00002938 + Belize [GAZ:00002934]: + text: Belize [GAZ:00002934] + description: A country in northwest Europe. Belgium shares borders with France + (620 km), Germany (167 km), Luxembourg (148 km) and the Netherlands (450 + km). The Flemish Region (Flanders) and the Walloon Region (Wallonia) each + comprise five provinces; the third region, Brussels-Capital Region, is not + a province, nor does it contain any Together, these comprise 589 municipalities, + which in general consist of several sub-municipalities (which were independent + municipalities before the municipal merger operation mainly in 1977). + meaning: GAZ:00002934 + Benin [GAZ:00000904]: + text: Benin [GAZ:00000904] + description: A country in Central America. It is the only officially English + speaking country in the region. Belize was a British colony for more than + a century and was known as British Honduras until 1973. It became an independent + nation within The Commonwealth in 1981. Belize is divided into 6 districts, + which are further divided into 31 constituencies. + meaning: GAZ:00000904 + Bermuda [GAZ:00001264]: + text: Bermuda [GAZ:00001264] + description: A country in Western Africa. It borders Togo to the west, Nigeria + to the east and Burkina Faso and Niger to the north; its short coastline + to the south leads to the Bight of Benin. Its capital is Porto Novo, but + the seat of government is Cotonou. Benin is divided into 12 departments + and subdivided into 77 communes. + meaning: GAZ:00001264 + Bhutan [GAZ:00003920]: + text: Bhutan [GAZ:00003920] + description: A British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Located + off the east coast of the United States, it is situated around 1770 km NE + of Miami, Florida and 1350 km S of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Comprised of approximately + 138 islands. + meaning: GAZ:00003920 + Bolivia [GAZ:00002511]: + text: Bolivia [GAZ:00002511] + description: A landlocked nation in South Asia. It is located amidst the eastern + end of the Himalaya Mountains and is bordered to the south, east and west + by India and to the north by Tibet. Bhutan is separated from Nepal by the + Indian State of Sikkim. Bhutan is divided into four dzongdey (administrative + zones). Each dzongdey is further divided into dzongkhag (districts). There + are twenty dzongkhag in Bhutan. Large dzongkhags are further divided into + subdistricts known as dungkhag. At the basic level, groups of villages form + a constituency called gewog. + meaning: GAZ:00002511 + Borneo [GAZ:00025355]: + text: Borneo [GAZ:00025355] + description: 'A landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered + by Brazil on the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina on the south, and + Chile and Peru on the west. Bolivia is divided into 9 departments (Spanish: + departamentos). Each of the departments is subdivided into provinces (provincias), + which are further subdivided into municipalities (municipios).' + meaning: GAZ:00025355 + Bosnia and Herzegovina [GAZ:00006887]: + text: Bosnia and Herzegovina [GAZ:00006887] + description: 'An island at the grographic centre of Maritime Southeast Adia, + in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west + of Sulawesi, and east of Sumatra. It is the third-largest island in the + world and the larest in Asia. The island is politically divided among three + countries: Malaysia and Brunei in the north, and Indonesia to the south.[1] + Approximately 73% of the island is Indonesian territory. In the north, the + East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak make up about 26% of the island. + Additionally, the Malaysian federal territory of Labuan is situated on a + small island just off the coast of Borneo. The sovereign state of Brunei, + located on the north coast, comprises about 1% of Borneo''s land area. A + little more than half of the island is in the Northern Hemisphere, including + Brunei and the Malaysian portion, while the Indonesian portion spans the + Northern and Southern hemispheres.' + meaning: GAZ:00006887 + Botswana [GAZ:00001097]: + text: Botswana [GAZ:00001097] + description: A country on the Balkan peninsula of Southern Europe. Bordered + by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro + to the south, Bosnia and Herzegovina is mostly landlocked, except for 26 + km of the Adriatic Sea coastline. Bosnia and Herzegovina is now divided + into three political regions of which one, the Brcko District is part of + the other two, the Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine and the Republika Srpska. + All three have an equal constitutional status on the whole territory of + Bosnia and Herzegovina. + meaning: GAZ:00001097 + Bouvet Island [GAZ:00001453]: + text: Bouvet Island [GAZ:00001453] + description: A landlocked nation in Southern Africa. It is bordered by South + Africa to the south and southeast, Namibia to the west, Zambia to the north, + and Zimbabwe to the northeast. Botswana is divided into nine districts, + which are subdivided into a total twenty-eight subdistricts. + meaning: GAZ:00001453 + Brazil [GAZ:00002828]: + text: Brazil [GAZ:00002828] + description: A sub-antarctic volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean, + south-southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa). It is a dependent + area of Norway and is not subject to the Antarctic Treaty, as it is north + of the latitude south of which claims are suspended. + meaning: GAZ:00002828 + British Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003961]: + text: British Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003961] + description: 'A country in South America. Bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and + by Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana and the department of French Guiana to the + north, Colombia to the northwest, Bolivia and Peru to the west, Argentina + and Paraguay to the southwest, and Uruguay to the south. Federation of twenty-six + states (estados) and one federal district (Distrito Federal). The states + are subdivided into municipalities. For statistical purposes, the States + are grouped into five main regions: North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast + and South.' + meaning: GAZ:00003961 + Brunei [GAZ:00003901]: + text: Brunei [GAZ:00003901] + description: A British overseas territory, located in the Caribbean to the + east of Puerto Rico. The islands make up part of the Virgin Islands archipelago, + the remaining islands constituting the US Virgin Islands. The British Virgin + Islands consist of the main islands of Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Anegada and + Jost Van Dyke, along with over fifty other smaller islands and cays. Approximately + fifteen of the islands are inhabited. + meaning: GAZ:00003901 + Bulgaria [GAZ:00002950]: + text: Bulgaria [GAZ:00002950] + description: A country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo, + in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea it + is completely surrounded by the State of Sarawak, Malaysia, and in fact + it is separated into two parts by Limbang, which is part of Sarawak. Brunei + is divided into four districts (daerah), the districts are subdivided into + thirty-eight mukims, which are then divided into kampong (villages). + meaning: GAZ:00002950 + Burkina Faso [GAZ:00000905]: + text: Burkina Faso [GAZ:00000905] + description: A country in Southeastern Europe, borders five other countries; + Romania to the north (mostly along the Danube), Serbia and the Republic + of Macedonia to the west, and Greece and Turkey to the south. The Black + Sea defines the extent of the country to the east. Since 1999, it has consisted + of twenty-eight provinces. The provinces subdivide into 264 municipalities. + meaning: GAZ:00000905 + Burundi [GAZ:00001090]: + text: Burundi [GAZ:00001090] + description: 'A landlocked nation in West Africa. It is surrounded by six + countries: Mali to the north, Niger to the east, Benin to the south east, + Togo and Ghana to the south, and Cote d''Ivoire to the south west. Burkina + Faso is divided into thirteen regions, forty-five provinces, and 301 departments + (communes).' + meaning: GAZ:00001090 + Cambodia [GAZ:00006888]: + text: Cambodia [GAZ:00006888] + description: A small country in the Great Lakes region of Africa. It is bordered + by Rwanda on the north, Tanzania on the south and east, and the Democratic + Republic of the Congo on the west. Although the country is landlocked, much + of its western border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika. Burundi is divided + into 17 provinces, 117 communes, and 2,638 collines. + meaning: GAZ:00006888 + Cameroon [GAZ:00001093]: + text: Cameroon [GAZ:00001093] + description: A country in Southeast Asia. The country borders Thailand to + its west and northwest, Laos to its northeast, and Vietnam to its east and + southeast. In the south it faces the Gulf of Thailand. + meaning: GAZ:00001093 + Canada [GAZ:00002560]: + text: Canada [GAZ:00002560] + description: A country of central and western Africa. It borders Nigeria to + the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; + and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. + Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Bonny, part of the Gulf of Guinea + and the Atlantic Ocean. The Republic of Cameroon is divided into ten provinces + and 58 divisions or departments. The divisions are further sub-divided into + sub-divisions (arrondissements) and districts. + meaning: GAZ:00002560 + Cape Verde [GAZ:00001227]: + text: Cape Verde [GAZ:00001227] + description: A country occupying most of northern North America, extending + from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and + northward into the Arctic Ocean. Canada is a federation composed of ten + provinces and three territories; in turn, these may be grouped into regions. + Western Canada consists of British Columbia and the three Prairie provinces + (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba). Central Canada consists of Quebec + and Ontario. Atlantic Canada consists of the three Maritime provinces (New + Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia), along with Newfoundland + and Labrador. Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada + together. Three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) + make up Northern Canada. + meaning: GAZ:00001227 + Cayman Islands [GAZ:00003986]: + text: Cayman Islands [GAZ:00003986] + description: A republic located on an archipelago in the Macaronesia ecoregion + of the North Atlantic Ocean, off the western coast of Africa. Cape Verde + is divided into 22 municipalities (concelhos), and subdivided into 32 parishes + (freguesias). + meaning: GAZ:00003986 + Central African Republic [GAZ:00001089]: + text: Central African Republic [GAZ:00001089] + description: A British overseas territory located in the western Caribbean + Sea, comprising the islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, and Little Cayman. + The Cayman Islands are divided into seven districts. + meaning: GAZ:00001089 + Chad [GAZ:00000586]: + text: Chad [GAZ:00000586] + description: A landlocked country in Central Africa. It borders Chad in the + north, Sudan in the east, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic + of the Congo in the south, and Cameroon in the west. The Central African + Republic is divided into 14 administrative prefectures (prefectures), along + with 2 economic prefectures (prefectures economiques) and one autonomous + commune. The prefectures are further divided into 71 sub-prefectures (sous-prefectures). + meaning: GAZ:00000586 + Chile [GAZ:00002825]: + text: Chile [GAZ:00002825] + description: A landlocked country in central Africa. It is bordered by Libya + to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, + Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Chad is divided + into 18 regions. The departments are divided into 200 sub-prefectures, which + are in turn composed of 446 cantons. This is due to change. + meaning: GAZ:00002825 + China [GAZ:00002845]: + text: China [GAZ:00002845] + description: 'A country in South America occupying a long and narrow coastal + strip wedged between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific + forms the country''s entire western border, with Peru to the north, Bolivia + to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage at the country''s + southernmost tip. Chile claims 1,250,000 km2 of territory in Antarctica. + Chile is divided into 15 regions. Every region is further divided into provinces. + Finally each province is divided into communes. Each region is designated + by a name and a Roman numeral, assigned from north to south. The only exception + is the region housing the nation''s capital, which is designated RM, that + stands for Region Metropolitana (Metropolitan Region). Two new regions were + created in 2006: Arica-Parinacota in the north, and Los Rios in the south. + Both became operative in 2007-10.' + meaning: GAZ:00002845 + Christmas Island [GAZ:00005915]: + text: Christmas Island [GAZ:00005915] + description: 'A large country in Northeast Asia. China borders 14 nations + (counted clockwise from south): Vietnam, Laos, Burma, India, Bhutan, Nepal, + Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Russia, Mongolia + and North Korea. Additionally the border between PRC and ROC is located + in territorial waters. The People''s Republic of China has administrative + control over twenty-two provinces and considers Taiwan to be its twenty-third + province. There are also five autonomous regions, each with a designated + minority group; four municipalities; and two Special Administrative Regions + that enjoy considerable autonomy. The People''s Republic of China administers + 33 province-level regions, 333 prefecture-level regions, 2,862 county-level + regions, 41,636 township-level regions, and several village-level regions.' + meaning: GAZ:00005915 + Clipperton Island [GAZ:00005838]: + text: Clipperton Island [GAZ:00005838] + description: An island in the Indian Ocean, 500 km south of Indonesia and + about 2600 km northwest of Perth. The island is the flat summit of a submarine + mountain. + meaning: GAZ:00005838 + Cocos Islands [GAZ:00009721]: + text: Cocos Islands [GAZ:00009721] + description: A nine-square km coral atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, southwest + of Mexico and west of Costa Rica. + meaning: GAZ:00009721 + Colombia [GAZ:00002929]: + text: Colombia [GAZ:00002929] + description: Islands that located in the Indian Ocean, about halfway between + Australia and Sri Lanka. A territory of Australia. There are two atolls + and twenty-seven coral islands in the group. + meaning: GAZ:00002929 + Comoros [GAZ:00005820]: + text: Comoros [GAZ:00005820] + description: A country located in the northwestern region of South America. + Colombia is bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by + Ecuador and Peru; to the North by the Atlantic Ocean, through the Caribbean + Sea; to the north-west by Panama; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. + Besides the countries in South America, the Republic of Colombia is recognized + to share maritime borders with the Caribbean countries of Jamaica, Haiti, + the Dominican Republic and the Central American countries of Honduras, Nicaragua, + and Costa Rica. Colombia is divided into 32 departments and one capital + district which is treated as a department. There are in total 10 districts + assigned to cities in Colombia including Bogota, Barranquilla, Cartagena, + Santa Marta, Tunja, Cucuta, Popayan, Buenaventura, Tumaco and Turbo. Colombia + is also subdivided into some municipalities which form departments, each + with a municipal seat capital city assigned. Colombia is also subdivided + into corregimientos which form municipalities. + meaning: GAZ:00005820 + Cook Islands [GAZ:00053798]: + text: Cook Islands [GAZ:00053798] + description: An island nation in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern + coast of Africa on the northern end of the Mozambique Channel between northern + Madagascar and northeastern Mozambique. + meaning: GAZ:00053798 + Coral Sea Islands [GAZ:00005917]: + text: Coral Sea Islands [GAZ:00005917] + description: A self-governing parliamentary democracy in free association + with New Zealand. The fifteen small islands in this South Pacific Ocean + country have a total land area of 240 km2, but the Cook Islands Exclusive + Economic Zone (EEZ) covers 1.8 million km2 of ocean. + meaning: GAZ:00005917 + Costa Rica [GAZ:00002901]: + text: Costa Rica [GAZ:00002901] + description: A Territory of Australia which includes a group of small and + mostly uninhabited tropical islands and reefs in the Coral Sea, northeast + of Queensland, Australia. The only inhabited island is Willis Island. The + territory covers 780,000 km2, extending east and south from the outer edge + of the Great Barrier Reef, and including Heralds Beacon Island, Osprey Reef, + the Willis Group, and fifteen other reef/island groups. + meaning: GAZ:00002901 + Cote d'Ivoire [GAZ:00000906]: + text: Cote d'Ivoire [GAZ:00000906] + description: A republic in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, + Panama to the east-southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, and + the Caribbean Sea to the east. Costa Rica is composed of seven provinces, + which in turn are divided into 81 cantons. + meaning: GAZ:00000906 + Croatia [GAZ:00002719]: + text: Croatia [GAZ:00002719] + description: A country in West Africa. It borders Liberia and Guinea to the + west, Mali and Burkina Faso to the north, Ghana to the east, and the Gulf + of Guinea to the south. Cote d'Ivoire is divided into nineteen regions (regions). + The regions are further divided into 58 departments. + meaning: GAZ:00002719 + Cuba [GAZ:00003762]: + text: Cuba [GAZ:00003762] + description: A country at the crossroads of the Mediterranean, Central Europe, + and the Balkans. Its capital is Zagreb. Croatia borders with Slovenia and + Hungary to the north, Serbia to the northeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina to + the east, Montenegro to the far southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the south. + Croatia is divided into 21 counties (zupanija) and the capital Zagreb's + city district. + meaning: GAZ:00003762 + Curacao [GAZ:00012582]: + text: Curacao [GAZ:00012582] + description: A country that consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and + second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles), Isla de la Juventud + and several adjacent small islands. Fourteen provinces and one special municipality + (the Isla de la Juventud) now compose Cuba. + meaning: GAZ:00012582 + Cyprus [GAZ:00004006]: + text: Cyprus [GAZ:00004006] + description: One of five island areas of the Netherlands Antilles. + meaning: GAZ:00004006 + Czech Republic [GAZ:00002954]: + text: Czech Republic [GAZ:00002954] + description: The third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily + and Sardinia), Cyprus is situated in the eastern Mediterranean, just south + of the Anatolian peninsula (or Asia Minor) of the Asian mainland; thus, + it is often included in the Middle East (see also Western Asia and Near + East). Turkey is 75 km north; other neighbouring countries include Syria + and Lebanon to the east, Israel to the southeast, Egypt to the south, and + Greece to the west-north-west. + meaning: GAZ:00002954 + Democratic Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001086]: + text: Democratic Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001086] + description: 'A landlocked country in Central Europe. It has borders with + Poland to the north, Germany to the northwest and southwest, Austria to + the south, and Slovakia to the east. The capital and largest city is Prague. + The country is composed of the historic regions of Bohemia and Moravia, + as well as parts of Silesia. Since 2000, the Czech Republic is divided into + thirteen regions (kraje, singular kraj) and the capital city of Prague. + The older seventy-six districts (okresy, singular okres) including three + ''statutory cities'' (without Prague, which had special status) were disbanded + in 1999 in an administrative reform; they remain as territorial division + and seats of various branches of state administration. Since 2003-01-01, + the regions have been divided into around 203 Municipalities with Extended + Competence (unofficially named "Little Districts" (Czech: ''male okresy'') + which took over most of the administration of the former District Authorities. + Some of these are further divided into Municipalities with Commissioned + Local Authority. However, the old districts still exist as territorial units + and remain as seats of some of the offices.' + meaning: GAZ:00001086 + Denmark [GAZ:00005852]: + text: Denmark [GAZ:00005852] + description: A country of central Africa. It borders the Central African Republic + and Sudan on the north, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi on the east, Zambia + and Angola on the south, the Republic of the Congo on the west, and is separated + from Tanzania by Lake Tanganyika on the east. The country enjoys access + to the ocean through a 40 km stretch of Atlantic coastline at Muanda and + the roughly 9 km wide mouth of the Congo river which opens into the Gulf + of Guinea. Congo Kinshasa is now divided into 11 Provinces, to be redistributed + into 25 Provinces from 2.2009. Each Province is divided into Zones. + meaning: GAZ:00005852 + Djibouti [GAZ:00000582]: + text: Djibouti [GAZ:00000582] + description: That part of the Kingdom of Denmark located in continental Europe. + The mainland is bordered to the south by Germany; Denmark is located to + the southwest of Sweden and the south of Norway. Denmark borders both the + Baltic and the North Sea. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland + (Jylland) and a large number of islands, most notably Zealand (Sjaelland), + Funen (Fyn), Vendsyssel-Thy, Lolland, Falster and Bornholm as well as hundreds + of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago. + meaning: GAZ:00000582 + Dominica [GAZ:00006890]: + text: Dominica [GAZ:00006890] + description: A country in eastern Africa. Djibouti is bordered by Eritrea + in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. + The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. + On the other side of the Red Sea, on the Arabian Peninsula, 20 km from the + coast of Djibouti, is Yemen. The capital of Djibouti is the city of Djibouti. + Djibouti is divided into 5 regions and one city. It is further subdivided + into 11 districts. + meaning: GAZ:00006890 + Dominican Republic [GAZ:00003952]: + text: Dominican Republic [GAZ:00003952] + description: An island nation in the Caribbean Sea. Dominica is divided into + ten parishes. + meaning: GAZ:00003952 + Ecuador [GAZ:00002912]: + text: Ecuador [GAZ:00002912] + description: A country in the West Indies that occupies the E two-thirds of + the Hispaniola island. The Dominican Republic's shores are washed by the + Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Sea to the south. The Mona + Passage, a channel about 130 km wide, separates the country (and the Hispaniola) + from Puerto Rico. The Dominican Republic is divided into 31 provinces. Additionally, + the national capital, Santo Domingo, is contained within its own Distrito + Nacional (National District). The provinces are divided into municipalities + (municipios; singular municipio). + meaning: GAZ:00002912 + Egypt [GAZ:00003934]: + text: Egypt [GAZ:00003934] + description: A country in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, + by Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. The + country also includes the Galapagos Islands (Archipelago de Colon) in the + Pacific, about 965 km west of the mainland. Ecuador is divided into 24 provinces, + divided into 199 cantons and subdivided into parishes (or parroquias). + meaning: GAZ:00003934 + El Salvador [GAZ:00002935]: + text: El Salvador [GAZ:00002935] + description: A country in North Africa that includes the Sinai Peninsula, + a land bridge to Asia. Egypt borders Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, + and the Gaza Strip and Israel to the east. The northern coast borders the + Mediterranean Sea and the island of Cyprus; the eastern coast borders the + Red Sea. Egypt is divided into 26 governorates (in Arabic, called muhafazat, + singular muhafazah). The governorates are further divided into regions (markazes). + meaning: GAZ:00002935 + Equatorial Guinea [GAZ:00001091]: + text: Equatorial Guinea [GAZ:00001091] + description: A country in Central America, bordering the Pacific Ocean between + Guatemala and Honduras. El Salvador is divided into 14 departments (departamentos), + which, in turn, are subdivided into 267 municipalities (municipios). + meaning: GAZ:00001091 + Eritrea [GAZ:00000581]: + text: Eritrea [GAZ:00000581] + description: 'A country in Central Africa. It is one of the smallest countries + in continental Africa, and comprises two regions: Rio Muni, continental + region including several offshore islands; and Insular Region containing + Annobon island in the South Atlantic Ocean, and Bioko island (formerly Fernando + Po) that contains the capital, Malabo. Equatorial Guinea is divided into + seven provinces which are divided into districts.' + meaning: GAZ:00000581 + Estonia [GAZ:00002959]: + text: Estonia [GAZ:00002959] + description: A country situated in northern East Africa. It is bordered by + Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. + The east and northeast of the country have an extensive coastline on the + Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago + and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea. Eritrea is divided + into six regions (zobas) and subdivided into districts ("sub-zobas"). + meaning: GAZ:00002959 + Eswatini [GAZ:00001099]: + text: Eswatini [GAZ:00001099] + description: A country in Northern Europe. Estonia has land borders to the + south with Latvia and to the east with Russia. It is separated from Finland + in the north by the Gulf of Finland and from Sweden in the west by the Baltic + Sea. Estonia is divided into 15 counties. (maakonnad; sing. - maakond). + Estonian counties are divided into rural (vallad, singular vald) and urban + (linnad, singular linn; alevid, singular alev; alevikud, singular alevik) + municipalities. The municipalities comprise populated places (asula or asustusuksus) + - various settlements and territorial units that have no administrative + function. A group of populated places form a rural municipality with local + administration. Most towns constitute separate urban municipalities, while + some have joined with surrounding rural municipalities. + meaning: GAZ:00001099 + Ethiopia [GAZ:00000567]: + text: Ethiopia [GAZ:00000567] + description: A small, landlocked country in Africa embedded between South + Africa in the west, north and south and Mozambique in the east. Swaziland + is divided into four districts, each of which is divided into Tinkhundla + (singular, Inkhundla). + meaning: GAZ:00000567 + Europa Island [GAZ:00005811]: + text: Europa Island [GAZ:00005811] + description: 'A country situated in the Horn of Africa that has been landlocked + since the independence of its northern neighbor Eritrea in 1993. Apart from + Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia is bordered by Sudan to the west, Kenya to + the south, Djibouti to the northeast, and Somalia to the east. Since 1996 + Ethiopia has had a tiered government system consisting of a federal government + overseeing ethnically-based regional states, zones, districts (woredas), + and neighborhoods (kebele). It is divided into nine ethnically-based administrative + states (kililoch, singular kilil) and subdivided into sixty-eight zones + and two chartered cities (astedader akababiwoch, singular astedader akababi): + Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa. It is further subdivided into 550 woredas and + six special woredas.' + meaning: GAZ:00005811 + Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) [GAZ:00001412]: + text: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) [GAZ:00001412] + description: A 28 km2 low-lying tropical island in the Mozambique Channel, + about a third of the way from southern Madagascar to southern Mozambique. + meaning: GAZ:00001412 + Faroe Islands [GAZ:00059206]: + text: Faroe Islands [GAZ:00059206] + description: An archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, located 483 km from + the coast of Argentina, 1,080 km west of the Shag Rocks (South Georgia), + and 940 km north of Antarctica (Elephant Island). They consist of two main + islands, East Falkland and West Falkland, together with 776 smaller islands. + meaning: GAZ:00059206 + Fiji [GAZ:00006891]: + text: Fiji [GAZ:00006891] + description: An autonomous province of the Kingdom of Denmark since 1948 located + in the Faroes. Administratively, the islands are divided into 34 municipalities + (kommunur) within which 120 or so cities and villages lie. + meaning: GAZ:00006891 + Finland [GAZ:00002937]: + text: Finland [GAZ:00002937] + description: An island nation in the South Pacific Ocean east of Vanuatu, + west of Tonga and south of Tuvalu. The country occupies an archipelago of + about 322 islands, of which 106 are permanently inhabited, and 522 islets. + The two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, account for 87% of the + population. + meaning: GAZ:00002937 + France [GAZ:00003940]: + text: France [GAZ:00003940] + description: A Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern + Europe. It has borders with Sweden to the west, Russia to the east, and + Norway to the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of + Finland. The capital city is Helsinki. Finland is divided into six administrative + provinces (laani, plural laanit). These are divided into 20 regions (maakunt), + 77 subregions (seutukunta) and then into municipalities (kunta). + meaning: GAZ:00003940 + French Guiana [GAZ:00002516]: + text: French Guiana [GAZ:00002516] + description: A part of the country of France that extends from the Mediterranean + Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the + Atlantic Ocean. Metropolitan France is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg, + Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra, and Spain. Due to its overseas + departments. + meaning: GAZ:00002516 + French Polynesia [GAZ:00002918]: + text: French Polynesia [GAZ:00002918] + description: An overseas department (departement d'outre-mer) of France, located + on the northern coast of South America. It is bordered by Suriname, to the + E, and Brazil, to the S and W, and by the North Atlantic Ocean, to the N. + French Guiana is divided into 2 departmental arrondissements, 19 cantons + and 22 communes. + meaning: GAZ:00002918 + French Southern and Antarctic Lands [GAZ:00003753]: + text: French Southern and Antarctic Lands [GAZ:00003753] + description: 'A French overseas collectivity in the southern Pacific Ocean. + It is made up of several groups of Polynesian islands. French Polynesia + has five administrative subdivisions (French: subdivisions administratives).' + meaning: GAZ:00003753 + Gabon [GAZ:00001092]: + text: Gabon [GAZ:00001092] + description: The French Southern and Antarctic Lands have formed a territoire + d'outre-mer (an overseas territory) of France since 1955. The territory + is divided into five districts. + meaning: GAZ:00001092 + Gambia [GAZ:00000907]: + text: Gambia [GAZ:00000907] + description: A country in west central Africa sharing borders with Equatorial + Guinea, Cameroon, Republic of the Congo and the Gulf of Guinea. The capital + and largest city is Libreville. Gabon is divided into 9 provinces and further + divided into 37 departments. + meaning: GAZ:00000907 + Gaza Strip [GAZ:00009571]: + text: Gaza Strip [GAZ:00009571] + description: A country in Western Africa. It is the smallest country on the + African continental mainland and is bordered to the north, east, and south + by Senegal, and has a small coast on the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Flowing + through the centre of the country and discharging to the Atlantic Ocean + is the Gambia River. The Gambia is divided into five divisions and one city + (Banjul). The divisions are further subdivided into 37 districts. + meaning: GAZ:00009571 + Georgia [GAZ:00004942]: + text: Georgia [GAZ:00004942] + description: A Palestinian enclave on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean + Sea. It borders Egypt on the southwest for 11 kilometers (6.8 mi) and Israel + on the east and north along a 51 km (32 mi) border. Gaza and the West Bank + are claimed by the de jure sovereign State of Palestine. + meaning: GAZ:00004942 + Germany [GAZ:00002646]: + text: Germany [GAZ:00002646] + description: 'A Eurasian country in the Caucasus located at the east coast + of the Black Sea. In the north, Georgia has a 723 km common border with + Russia, specifically with the Northern Caucasus federal district. The following + Russian republics/subdivisions: from west to east: border Georgia: Krasnodar + Krai, Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia-Alania, Ingushetia, + Chechnya, Dagestan. Georgia also shares borders with Azerbaijan (322 km) + to the south-east, Armenia (164 km) to the south, and Turkey (252 km) to + the south-west. It is a transcontinental country, located at the juncture + of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. Georgia is divided into 9 regions, 2 + autonomous republics (avtonomiuri respublika), and 1 city (k''alak''i). + The regions are further subdivided into 69 districts (raioni).' + meaning: GAZ:00002646 + Ghana [GAZ:00000908]: + text: Ghana [GAZ:00000908] + description: A country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the + North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech + Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, + Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Germany comprises 16 states (Lander, + Bundeslander), which are further subdivided into 439 districts (Kreise/Landkreise) + and cities (kreisfreie Stadte). + meaning: GAZ:00000908 + Gibraltar [GAZ:00003987]: + text: Gibraltar [GAZ:00003987] + description: A country in West Africa. It borders Cote d'Ivoire to the west, + Burkina Faso to the north, Togo to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the + south. Ghana is a divided into 10 regions, subdivided into a total of 138 + districts. + meaning: GAZ:00003987 + Glorioso Islands [GAZ:00005808]: + text: Glorioso Islands [GAZ:00005808] + description: A British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip + of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar. The territory + shares a border with Spain to the north. + meaning: GAZ:00005808 + Greece [GAZ:00002945]: + text: Greece [GAZ:00002945] + description: A group of islands and rocks totalling 5 km2, in the northern + Mozambique channel, about 160 km northwest of Madagascar. + meaning: GAZ:00002945 + Greenland [GAZ:00001507]: + text: Greenland [GAZ:00001507] + description: A country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end + of the Balkan Peninsula. It has borders with Albania, the former Yugoslav + Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. + The Aegean Sea lies to the east and south of mainland Greece, while the + Ionian Sea lies to the west. Both parts of the Eastern Mediterranean basin + feature a vast number of islands. Greece consists of thirteen peripheries + subdivided into a total of fifty-one prefectures (nomoi, singular nomos). + There is also one autonomous area, Mount Athos, which borders the periphery + of Central Macedonia. + meaning: GAZ:00001507 + Grenada [GAZ:02000573]: + text: Grenada [GAZ:02000573] + description: A self-governing Danish province located between the Arctic and + Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. + meaning: GAZ:02000573 + Guadeloupe [GAZ:00067142]: + text: Guadeloupe [GAZ:00067142] + description: An island country in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at + the southern end of the Grenadines island chain. Grenada consists of the + island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, Carriacou and Petite Martinique, + and several small islands which lie to the north of the main island and + are a part of the Grenadines. It is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, + northeast of Venezuela and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. + Its size is 348.5 square kilometres (134.6 sq mi), and it had an estimated + population of 112,523 in July 2020. + meaning: GAZ:00067142 + Guam [GAZ:00003706]: + text: Guam [GAZ:00003706] + description: "An archipelago and overseas department and region of France\ + \ in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands\u2014Basse-Terre,\ + \ Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La D\xE9sirade, and the two inhabited \xCE\ + les des Saintes\u2014as well as many uninhabited islands and outcroppings.\ + \ It is south of Antigua and Barbuda and Montserrat, and north of Dominica." + meaning: GAZ:00003706 + Guatemala [GAZ:00002936]: + text: Guatemala [GAZ:00002936] + description: An organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in + the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost + point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic center + of the U.S.); in Oceania, it is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana + Islands and the largest island in Micronesia. + meaning: GAZ:00002936 + Guernsey [GAZ:00001550]: + text: Guernsey [GAZ:00001550] + description: A country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the northwest, + the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize and the Caribbean Sea to the + northeast, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast. Guatemala is divided + into 22 departments (departamentos) and sub-divided into about 332 municipalities + (municipios). + meaning: GAZ:00001550 + Guinea [GAZ:00000909]: + text: Guinea [GAZ:00000909] + description: A British Crown Dependency in the English Channel off the coast + of Normandy. + meaning: GAZ:00000909 + Guinea-Bissau [GAZ:00000910]: + text: Guinea-Bissau [GAZ:00000910] + description: A nation in West Africa, formerly known as French Guinea. Guinea's + territory has a curved shape, with its base at the Atlantic Ocean, inland + to the east, and turning south. The base borders Guinea-Bissau and Senegal + to the north, and Mali to the north and north-east; the inland part borders + Cote d'Ivoire to the south-east, Liberia to the south, and Sierra Leone + to the west of the southern tip. + meaning: GAZ:00000910 + Guyana [GAZ:00002522]: + text: Guyana [GAZ:00002522] + description: A country in western Africa, and one of the smallest nations + in continental Africa. It is bordered by Senegal to the north, and Guinea + to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west. Formerly the + Portuguese colony of Portuguese Guinea, upon independence, the name of its + capital, Bissau, was added to the country's name in order to prevent confusion + between itself and the Republic of Guinea. + meaning: GAZ:00002522 + Haiti [GAZ:00003953]: + text: Haiti [GAZ:00003953] + description: A country in the N of South America. Guyana lies north of the + equator, in the tropics, and is located on the Atlantic Ocean. Guyana is + bordered to the east by Suriname, to the south and southwest by Brazil and + to the west by Venezuela. Guyana is divided into 10 regions. The regions + of Guyana are divided into 27 neighborhood councils. + meaning: GAZ:00003953 + Heard Island and McDonald Islands [GAZ:00009718]: + text: Heard Island and McDonald Islands [GAZ:00009718] + description: A country located in the Greater Antilles archipelago on the + Caribbean island of Hispaniola, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. + Haiti is divided into 10 departments. The departments are further divided + into 41 arrondissements, and 133 communes which serve as second and third + level administrative divisions. + meaning: GAZ:00009718 + Honduras [GAZ:00002894]: + text: Honduras [GAZ:00002894] + description: An Australian external territory comprising a volcanic group + of mostly barren Antarctic islands, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar + to Antarctica. + meaning: GAZ:00002894 + Hong Kong [GAZ:00003203]: + text: Hong Kong [GAZ:00003203] + description: A republic in Central America. The country is bordered to the + west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by + Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and + to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea. + Honduras is divided into 18 departments. The capital city is Tegucigalpa + Central District of the department of Francisco Morazan. + meaning: GAZ:00003203 + Howland Island [GAZ:00007120]: + text: Howland Island [GAZ:00007120] + description: A special administrative region of the People's Republic of China + (PRC). The territory lies on the eastern side of the Pearl River Delta, + bordering Guangdong province in the north and facing the South China Sea + in the east, west and south. Hong Kong was a crown colony of the United + Kingdom from 1842 until the transfer of its sovereignty to the People's + Republic of China in 1997. + meaning: GAZ:00007120 + Hungary [GAZ:00002952]: + text: Hungary [GAZ:00002952] + description: An uninhabited coral island located just north of the equator + in the central Pacific Ocean, about 3,100 km (1,670 nm) southwest of Honolulu. + The island is almost half way between Hawaii and Australia and is an unincorporated, + unorganized territory of the United States, and is often included as one + of the Phoenix Islands. For statistical purposes, Howland is grouped as + one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. + meaning: GAZ:00002952 + Iceland [GAZ:00000843]: + text: Iceland [GAZ:00000843] + description: 'A landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, + bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. + Its capital is Budapest. Hungary is divided into 19 counties (megyek, singular: + megye). In addition, the capital city (fovaros), Budapest, is independent + of any county government. The counties are further subdivided into 173 subregions + (kistersegek), and Budapest is comprised of its own subregion. Since 1996, + the counties and City of Budapest have been grouped into 7 regions for statistical + and development purposes. These seven regions constitute NUTS second-level + units of Hungary.' + meaning: GAZ:00000843 + India [GAZ:00002839]: + text: India [GAZ:00002839] + description: A country in northern Europe, comprising the island of Iceland + and its outlying islands in the North Atlantic Ocean between the rest of + Europe and Greenland. + meaning: GAZ:00002839 + Indonesia [GAZ:00003727]: + text: Indonesia [GAZ:00003727] + description: A country in South Asia. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, + the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has + a coastline of 7,517 km. It borders Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, + and Bhutan to the north-east; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. India + is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and Indonesia in the Indian + Ocean. India is a federal republic of twenty-eight states and seven Union + Territories. Each state or union territory is divided into basic units of + government and administration called districts. There are nearly 600 districts + in India. The districts in turn are further divided into tehsils and eventually + into villages. + meaning: GAZ:00003727 + Iran [GAZ:00004474]: + text: Iran [GAZ:00004474] + description: An archipelagic state in Southeast Asia. The country shares land + borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor and Malaysia. Other neighboring + countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, and the Indian + territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia consists of 33 provinces, + five of which have special status. The provinces are subdivided into regencies + (kabupaten, distrik in Papua and West Papua Provinces) and cities (kota), + which are further subdivided into subdistricts (kecamatan), and again into + village groupings (either desa or kelurahan). + meaning: GAZ:00004474 + Iraq [GAZ:00004483]: + text: Iraq [GAZ:00004483] + description: A country in Central Eurasia. Iran is bounded by the Gulf of + Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south and the Caspian Sea to its north. + It borders Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan and + Pakistan to the east, and Turkey and Iraq to the west. Iran is divided into + 30 provinces (ostan). The provinces are divided into counties (shahrestan), + and subdivided into districts (bakhsh) and sub-districts (dehestan). + meaning: GAZ:00004483 + Ireland [GAZ:00002943]: + text: Ireland [GAZ:00002943] + description: 'A country in the Middle East spanning most of the northwestern + end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert + and the northern part of the Arabian Desert. It shares borders with Kuwait + and Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the west, Syria to the northwest, + Turkey to the north, and Iran to the east. It has a very narrow section + of coastline at Umm Qasr on the Persian Gulf. There are two major flowing + rivers: the Tigris and the Euphrates. Iraq is divided into 18 governorates + (or provinces) (muhafazah). The governorates are divided into qadhas (or + districts).' + meaning: GAZ:00002943 + Isle of Man [GAZ:00052477]: + text: Isle of Man [GAZ:00052477] + description: A country in north-western Europe. The modern sovereign state + occupies five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was partitioned in + 1921. It is bordered by Northern Ireland (part of the United Kingdom) to + the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and by the Irish Sea to the + east. Administration follows the 34 "county-level" counties and cities of + Ireland. Of these twenty-nine are counties, governed by county councils + while the five cities of Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway and Waterford have + city councils, (previously known as corporations), and are administered + separately from the counties bearing those names. The City of Kilkenny is + the only city in the republic which does not have a "city council"; it is + still a borough but not a county borough and is administered as part of + County Kilkenny. Ireland is split into eight regions for NUTS statistical + purposes. These are not related to the four traditional provinces but are + based on the administrative counties. + meaning: GAZ:00052477 + Israel [GAZ:00002476]: + text: Israel [GAZ:00002476] + description: A Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the centre of the + Irish Sea. It is not part of the United Kingdom, European Union or United + Nations. + meaning: GAZ:00002476 + Italy [GAZ:00002650]: + text: Italy [GAZ:00002650] + description: 'A country in Western Asia located on the eastern edge of the + Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, + Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest. The West Bank and Gaza Strip, + which are partially administrated by the Palestinian National Authority, + are also adjacent. The State of Israel is divided into six main administrative + districts, known as mehozot (singular mahoz). Districts are further divided + into fifteen sub-districts known as nafot (singular: nafa), which are themselves + partitioned into fifty natural regions.' + meaning: GAZ:00002650 + Jamaica [GAZ:00003781]: + text: Jamaica [GAZ:00003781] + description: A country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, + and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. + Italy shares its northern Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria + and Slovenia. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City + are enclaves within the Italian Peninsula, while Campione d'Italia is an + Italian exclave in Switzerland. Italy is subdivided into 20 regions (regioni, + singular regione). Five of these regions have a special autonomous status + that enables them to enact legislation on some of their local matters. It + is further divided into 109 provinces (province) and 8,101 municipalities + (comuni). + meaning: GAZ:00003781 + Jan Mayen [GAZ:00005853]: + text: Jan Mayen [GAZ:00005853] + description: A nation of the Greater Antilles. Jamaica is divided into 14 + parishes, which are grouped into three historic counties that have no administrative + relevance. + meaning: GAZ:00005853 + Japan [GAZ:00002747]: + text: Japan [GAZ:00002747] + description: 'A volcanic island that is part of the Kingdom of Norway, It + has two parts: larger Nord-Jan and smaller Sor-Jan, linked by an isthmus + 2.5 km wide. It lies 600 km north of Iceland, 500 km east of Greenland and + 1,000 km west of the Norwegian mainland. The island is mountainous, the + highest summit being the Beerenberg volcano in the north. The isthmus is + the location of the two largest lakes of the island, Sorlaguna (South Lagoon), + and Nordlaguna (North Lagoon). A third lake is called Ullerenglaguna (Ullereng + Lagoon). Jan Mayen was formed by the Jan Mayen hotspot.' + meaning: GAZ:00002747 + Jarvis Island [GAZ:00007118]: + text: Jarvis Island [GAZ:00007118] + description: An island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, + it lies to the east of China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea + of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. + meaning: GAZ:00007118 + Jersey [GAZ:00001551]: + text: Jersey [GAZ:00001551] + description: An uninhabited 4.5 km2 coral atoll located in the South Pacific + Ocean about halfway between Hawaii and the Cook Islands. It is an unincorporated + territory of the United States administered from Washington, DC by the United + States Fish and Wildlife Service of the United States Department of the + Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system. Jarvis is one of + the southern Line Islands and for statistical purposes is also grouped as + one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. Sits atop the Jarvis Seamount. + meaning: GAZ:00001551 + Johnston Atoll [GAZ:00007114]: + text: Johnston Atoll [GAZ:00007114] + description: A British Crown Dependency[6] off the coast of Normandy, France. + As well as the island of Jersey itself, the bailiwick includes two groups + of small islands that are no longer permanently inhabited, the Minquiers + and Ecrehous, and the Pierres de Lecq. + meaning: GAZ:00007114 + Jordan [GAZ:00002473]: + text: Jordan [GAZ:00002473] + description: A 130 km2 atoll in the North Pacific Ocean about 1400 km (750 + nm) west of Hawaii. There are four islands located on the coral reef platform, + two natural islands, Johnston Island and Sand Island, which have been expanded + by coral dredging, as well as North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina), + artificial islands formed from coral dredging. Johnston is an unincorporated + territory of the United States, administered by the US Fish and Wildlife + Service of the Department of the Interior as part of the United States Pacific + Island Wildlife Refuges. Sits atop Johnston Seamount. + meaning: GAZ:00002473 + Juan de Nova Island [GAZ:00005809]: + text: Juan de Nova Island [GAZ:00005809] + description: A country in Southwest Asia, bordered by Syria to the north, + Iraq to the north-east, Israel and the West Bank to the west, and Saudi + Arabia to the east and south. It shares the coastlines of the Dead Sea, + and the Gulf of Aqaba with Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt. Jordan is divided + into 12 provinces called governorates. The Governorates are subdivided into + approximately fifty-two nahias. + meaning: GAZ:00005809 + Kazakhstan [GAZ:00004999]: + text: Kazakhstan [GAZ:00004999] + description: A 4.4 km2 low, flat, tropical island in the narrowest part of + the Mozambique Channel, about one-third of the way between Madagascar and + Mozambique. + meaning: GAZ:00004999 + Kenya [GAZ:00001101]: + text: Kenya [GAZ:00001101] + description: A country in Central Asia and Europe. It is bordered by Russia, + Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and China. The country also borders + on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. Kazakhstan is divided into 14 + provinces and two municipal districts. The provinces of Kazakhstan are divided + into raions. + meaning: GAZ:00001101 + Kerguelen Archipelago [GAZ:00005682]: + text: Kerguelen Archipelago [GAZ:00005682] + description: A country in Eastern Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the + north, Somalia to the east, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, and + Sudan to the northwest, with the Indian Ocean running along the southeast + border. Kenya comprises eight provinces each headed by a Provincial Commissioner + (centrally appointed by the president). The provinces (mkoa singular mikoa + plural in Swahili) are subdivided into districts (wilaya). There were 69 + districts as of 1999 census. Districts are then subdivided into 497 divisions + (taarafa). The divisions are then subdivided into 2,427 locations (kata) + and then 6,612 sublocations (kata ndogo). The City of Nairobi enjoys the + status of a full administrative province. + meaning: GAZ:00005682 + Kingman Reef [GAZ:00007116]: + text: Kingman Reef [GAZ:00007116] + description: A group of islands in the southern Indian Ocean. It is a territory + of France. They are composed primarily of Tertiary flood basalts and a complex + of plutonic rocks. The trachybasaltic-to-trachytic Mount Ross stratovolcano + at the southern end was active during the late Pleistocene. The Rallier + du Baty Peninsula on the SW tip of the island contains two youthful subglacial + eruptive centers, Mont St. Allouarn and Mont Henri Rallier du Baty. An active + fumarole field is related to a series of Holocene trachytic lava flows and + lahars that extend beyond the icecap. + meaning: GAZ:00007116 + Kiribati [GAZ:00006894]: + text: Kiribati [GAZ:00006894] + description: A largely submerged, uninhabited tropical atoll located in the + North Pacific Ocean, roughly half way between Hawaiian Islands and American + Samoa. It is the northernmost of the Northern Line Islands and lies 65 km + NNW of Palmyra Atoll, the next closest island, and has the status of an + unincorporated territory of the United States, administered from Washington, + DC by the US Navy. Sits atop Kingman Reef Seamount. + meaning: GAZ:00006894 + Kosovo [GAZ:00011337]: + text: Kosovo [GAZ:00011337] + description: 'An island nation located in the central tropical Pacific Ocean. + It is composed of 32 atolls and one raised coral island dispersed over 3,500,000 + km2 straddling the equator and bordering the International Date Line to + the east. It is divided into three island groups which have no administrative + function, including a group which unites the Line Islands and the Phoenix + Islands (ministry at London, Christmas). Each inhabited island has its own + council (three councils on Tarawa: Betio, South-Tarawa, North-Tarawa; two + councils on Tabiteuea).' + meaning: GAZ:00011337 + Kuwait [GAZ:00005285]: + text: Kuwait [GAZ:00005285] + description: A country on the Balkan Peninsula. Kosovo borders Central Serbia + to the north and east, Montenegro to the northwest, Albania to the west + and the Republic of Macedonia to the south. Kosovo is divided into 7 districts + (Rreth) and 30 municipalities. Serbia does not recognise the unilateral + secession of Kosovo[8] and considers it a United Nations-governed entity + within its sovereign territory, the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. + meaning: GAZ:00005285 + Kyrgyzstan [GAZ:00006893]: + text: Kyrgyzstan [GAZ:00006893] + description: A sovereign emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed + by Saudi Arabia to the south and Iraq to the north and west. Kuwait is divided + into six governorates (muhafazat, singular muhafadhah). + meaning: GAZ:00006893 + Laos [GAZ:00006889]: + text: Laos [GAZ:00006889] + description: A country in Central Asia. Landlocked and mountainous, it is + bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan + to the southwest and China to the east. Kyrgyzstan is divided into seven + provinces (oblast. The capital, Bishkek, and the second large city Osh are + administratively the independent cities (shaar) with a status equal to a + province. Each province comprises a number of districts (raions). + meaning: GAZ:00006889 + Latvia [GAZ:00002958]: + text: Latvia [GAZ:00002958] + description: A landlocked country in southeast Asia, bordered by Burma (Myanmar) + and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south, + and Thailand to the west. Laos is divided into sixteen provinces (qwang) + and Vientiane Capital (Na Kone Luang Vientiane). The provinces further divided + into districts (muang). + meaning: GAZ:00002958 + Lebanon [GAZ:00002478]: + text: Lebanon [GAZ:00002478] + description: A country in Northern Europe. Latvia shares land borders with + Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south, and both Russia and Belarus + to the east. It is separated from Sweden in the west by the Baltic Sea. + The capital of Latvia is Riga. Latvia is divided into 26 districts (raioni). + There are also seven cities (lielpilsetas) that have a separate status. + Latvia is also historically, culturally and constitutionally divided in + four or more distinct regions. + meaning: GAZ:00002478 + Lesotho [GAZ:00001098]: + text: Lesotho [GAZ:00001098] + description: 'A small, mostly mountainous country in Western Asia, on the + eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Syria to the north + and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon is divided into six governorates + (mohaafazaat, which are further subdivided into twenty-five districts (aqdya, + singular: qadaa).' + meaning: GAZ:00001098 + Liberia [GAZ:00000911]: + text: Liberia [GAZ:00000911] + description: A land-locked country, entirely surrounded by the Republic of + South Africa. Lesotho is divided into ten districts; these are further subdivided + into 80 constituencies, which consists of 129 local community councils. + meaning: GAZ:00000911 + Libya [GAZ:00000566]: + text: Libya [GAZ:00000566] + description: A country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, + Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, and the Atlantic Ocean. + meaning: GAZ:00000566 + Liechtenstein [GAZ:00003858]: + text: Liechtenstein [GAZ:00003858] + description: A country in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to + the north, Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, + Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west. There + are thirty-four municipalities of Libya, known by the Arabic term sha'biyat + (singular sha'biyah). These came recently (in the 1990s to replaced old + Baladiyat systam. The Baladiyat system in turn was introduced to replace + the system of muhafazah (governorates or provinces) that existed from the + 1960s to the 1970s. + meaning: GAZ:00003858 + Line Islands [GAZ:00007144]: + text: Line Islands [GAZ:00007144] + description: A tiny, doubly landlocked alpine country in Western Europe, bordered + by Switzerland to its west and by Austria to its east. The principality + of Liechtenstein is divided into 11 municipalities called Gemeinden (singular + Gemeinde). The Gemeinden mostly consist only of a single town. Five of them + fall within the electoral district Unterland (the lower county), and the + remainder within Oberland (the upper county). + meaning: GAZ:00007144 + Lithuania [GAZ:00002960]: + text: Lithuania [GAZ:00002960] + description: A group of eleven atolls and low coral islands in the central + Pacific Ocean south of the Hawaiian Islands, eight of which belong to Kiribati, + while three are United States territories that are grouped with the United + States Minor Outlying Islands. + meaning: GAZ:00002960 + Luxembourg [GAZ:00002947]: + text: Luxembourg [GAZ:00002947] + description: 'A country located along the south-eastern shore of the Baltic + Sea, sharing borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, + Poland, and the Russian exclave of the Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest. + Lithuania has a three-tier administrative division: the country is divided + into 10 counties (singular apskritis, plural, apskritys) that are further + subdivided into 60 municipalities (singular savivaldybe, plural savivaldybes) + which consist of over 500 elderates (singular seniunija, plural seniunijos).' + meaning: GAZ:00002947 + Macau [GAZ:00003202]: + text: Macau [GAZ:00003202] + description: A small landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, + France, and Germany. Luxembourg is divided into 3 districts, which are further + divided into 12 cantons and then 116 communes. Twelve of the communes have + city status, of which the city of Luxembourg is the largest. + meaning: GAZ:00003202 + Madagascar [GAZ:00001108]: + text: Madagascar [GAZ:00001108] + description: One of the two special administrative regions of the People's + Republic of China, the other being Hong Kong. Macau lies on the western + side of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Guangdong province in the north + and facing the South China Sea in the east and south. Macau is situated + 60 kmsouthwest of Hong Kong and 145 km from Guangzhou. It consists of the + Macau Peninsula itself and the islands of Taipa and Coloane. The peninsula + is formed by the Zhujiang (Pearl River) estuary on the east and the Xijiang + (West River) on the west. It borders the Zhuhai Special Economic Zone in + mainland China. + meaning: GAZ:00001108 + Malawi [GAZ:00001105]: + text: Malawi [GAZ:00001105] + description: An island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast + of Africa. The main island, also called Madagascar, is the fourth largest + island in the world, and is home to 5% of the world's plant and animal species, + of which more than 80% are endemic to Madagascar. Most notable are the lemur + infraorder of primates, the carnivorous fossa, three endemic bird families + and six endemic baobab species. Madagascar is divided into six autonomous + provinces (faritany mizakatena), and 22 regions. The regions are further + subdivided into 116 districts, 1,548 communes, and 16,969 fokontany. + meaning: GAZ:00001105 + Malaysia [GAZ:00003902]: + text: Malaysia [GAZ:00003902] + description: A country in southeastern Africa. It is bordered by Zambia to + the north-west, Tanzania to the north and Mozambique, which surrounds it + on the east, south and west. Malawi is divided into three regions (the Northern, + Central and Southern regions), which are further divided into twenty-seven + districts, which in turn are further divided into 137 traditional authorities + and 68 sub-chiefdoms. + meaning: GAZ:00003902 + Maldives [GAZ:00006924]: + text: Maldives [GAZ:00006924] + description: A country in southeastern Africa. It is bordered by Zambia to + the north-west, Tanzania to the north and Mozambique, which surrounds it + on the east, south and west. Malawi is divided into three regions (the Northern, + Central and Southern regions), which are further divided into twenty-seven + districts, which in turn are further divided into 137 traditional authorities + and 68 sub-chiefdoms. + meaning: GAZ:00006924 + Mali [GAZ:00000584]: + text: Mali [GAZ:00000584] + description: An archipelago which consists of approximately 1,196 coral islands + grouped in a double chain of 27 atolls, spread over roughly 90,000 km2. + meaning: GAZ:00000584 + Malta [GAZ:00004017]: + text: Malta [GAZ:00004017] + description: A landlocked country in northern Africa. It borders Algeria on + the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the Cote d'Ivoire on the + south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west. + Mali is divided into 8 regions (regions) and 1 district, and subdivided + into 49 cercles, totalling 288 arrondissements. + meaning: GAZ:00004017 + Marshall Islands [GAZ:00007161]: + text: Marshall Islands [GAZ:00007161] + description: A Southern European country and consists of an archipelago situated + centrally in the Mediterranean. + meaning: GAZ:00007161 + Martinique [GAZ:00067143]: + text: Martinique [GAZ:00067143] + description: 'An archipelago that consists of twenty-nine atolls and five + isolated islands. The most important atolls and islands form two groups: + the Ratak Chain and the Ralik Chain (meaning "sunrise" and "sunset" chains). + Two-thirds of the nation''s population lives on Majuro (which is also the + capital) and Ebeye. The outer islands are sparsely populated.' + meaning: GAZ:00067143 + Mauritania [GAZ:00000583]: + text: Mauritania [GAZ:00000583] + description: An island and an overseas department/region and single territorial + collectivity of France. + meaning: GAZ:00000583 + Mauritius [GAZ:00003745]: + text: Mauritius [GAZ:00003745] + description: A country in North-West Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic + Ocean on the west, by Senegal on the southwest, by Mali on the east and + southeast, by Algeria on the northeast, and by Western Sahara on the northwest + (most of which is occupied by Morocco). The capital and largest city is + Nouakchott, located on the Atlantic coast. Mauritania is divided into 12 + regions (regions) and one capital district, which in turn are subdivided + into 44 departments (departements). + meaning: GAZ:00003745 + Mayotte [GAZ:00003943]: + text: Mayotte [GAZ:00003943] + description: An island nation off the coast of the African continent in the + southwest Indian Ocean, about 900 km east of Madagascar. In addition to + the island of Mauritius, the republic includes the islands of St. Brandon, + Rodrigues and the Agalega Islands. + meaning: GAZ:00003943 + Mexico [GAZ:00002852]: + text: Mexico [GAZ:00002852] + description: An overseas collectivity of France consisting of a main island, + Grande-Terre (or Mahore), a smaller island, Petite-Terre (or Pamanzi), and + several islets around these two. + meaning: GAZ:00002852 + Micronesia [GAZ:00005862]: + text: Micronesia [GAZ:00005862] + description: A federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bounded + on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the North Pacific + Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and + on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. The United Mexican States comprise a + federation of thirty-one states and a federal district, the capital Mexico + City. + meaning: GAZ:00005862 + Midway Islands [GAZ:00007112]: + text: Midway Islands [GAZ:00007112] + description: A subregion of Oceania, comprising hundreds of small islands + in the Pacific Ocean. The Philippines lie to the northwest, Indonesia, Papua + New Guinea and Melanesia to the west and southwest, and Polynesia to the + east. + meaning: GAZ:00007112 + Moldova [GAZ:00003897]: + text: Moldova [GAZ:00003897] + description: A 6.2 km2 atoll located in the North Pacific Ocean (near the + northwestern end of the Hawaiian archipelago). It is an unincorporated territory + of the United States, designated an insular area under the authority of + the US Department of the Interior. + meaning: GAZ:00003897 + Monaco [GAZ:00003857]: + text: Monaco [GAZ:00003857] + description: A landlocked country in Eastern Europe, located between Romania + to the west and Ukraine to the north, east and south. Moldova is divided + into thirty-two districts (raioane, singular raion); three municipalities + (Balti, Chisinau, Tighina); and two autonomous regions (Gagauzia and Transnistria). + The cities of Comrat and Tiraspol also have municipality status, however + not as first-tier subdivisions of Moldova, but as parts of the regions of + Gagauzia and Transnistria, respectively. The status of Transnistria is however + under dispute. Although it is de jure part of Moldova and is recognized + as such by the international community, Transnistria is not de facto under + the control of the central government of Moldova. It is administered by + an unrecognized breakaway authority under the name Pridnestrovian Moldovan + Republic. + meaning: GAZ:00003857 + Mongolia [GAZ:00008744]: + text: Mongolia [GAZ:00008744] + description: A small country that is completely bordered by France to the + north, west, and south; to the east it is bordered by the Mediterranean + Sea. It consists of a single municipality (commune) currently divided into + 4 quartiers and 10 wards. + meaning: GAZ:00008744 + Montenegro [GAZ:00006898]: + text: Montenegro [GAZ:00006898] + description: A country in East-Central Asia. The landlocked country borders + Russia to the north and China to the south. The capital and largest city + is Ulan Bator. Mongolia is divided into 21 aimags (provinces), which are + in turn divided into 315 sums (districts). The capital Ulan Bator is administrated + separately as a khot (municipality) with provincial status. + meaning: GAZ:00006898 + Montserrat [GAZ:00003988]: + text: Montserrat [GAZ:00003988] + description: A country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the + Adriatic Sea to the south and borders Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina + to the northwest, Serbia and its partially recognized breakaway southern + province of Kosovo to the northeast and Albania to the southeast. Its capital + and largest city is Podgorica. Montenegro is divided into twenty-one municipalities + (opstina), and two urban municipalities, subdivisions of Podgorica municipality. + meaning: GAZ:00003988 + Morocco [GAZ:00000565]: + text: Morocco [GAZ:00000565] + description: A British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands. + Montserrat is divided into three parishes. + meaning: GAZ:00000565 + Mozambique [GAZ:00001100]: + text: Mozambique [GAZ:00001100] + description: A country in North Africa. It has a coast on the Atlantic Ocean + that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. Morocco + has international borders with Algeria to the east, Spain to the north (a + water border through the Strait and land borders with two small Spanish + autonomous cities, Ceuta and Melilla), and Mauritania to the south. Morocco + is divided into 16 regions, and subdivided into 62 prefectures and provinces. + Because of the conflict over Western Sahara, the status of both regions + of "Saguia el-Hamra" and "Rio de Oro" is disputed. + meaning: GAZ:00001100 + Myanmar [GAZ:00006899]: + text: Myanmar [GAZ:00006899] + description: A country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean + to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, + Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest. Mozambique + is divided into ten provinces (provincias) and one capital city (cidade + capital) with provincial status. The provinces are subdivided into 129 districts + (distritos). Districts are further divided in "Postos Administrativos" (Administrative + Posts) and these in Localidades (Localities) the lowest geographical level + of central state administration. + meaning: GAZ:00006899 + Namibia [GAZ:00001096]: + text: Namibia [GAZ:00001096] + description: A country in SE Asia that is bordered by China on the north, + Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, and + India on the northwest, with the Bay of Bengal to the southwest. Myanmar + is divided into seven states and seven divisions. The administrative divisions + are further subdivided into districts, which are further subdivided into + townships, wards, and villages. + meaning: GAZ:00001096 + Nauru [GAZ:00006900]: + text: Nauru [GAZ:00006900] + description: A country in southern Africa on the Atlantic coast. It shares + borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east, and South + Africa to the south. Namibia is divided into 13 regions and subdivided into + 102 constituencies. + meaning: GAZ:00006900 + Navassa Island [GAZ:00007119]: + text: Navassa Island [GAZ:00007119] + description: An island nation in the Micronesian South Pacific. The nearest + neighbour is Banaba Island in the Republic of Kiribati, 300 km due east. + Nauru is divided into fourteen administrative districts which are grouped + into eight electoral constituencies. + meaning: GAZ:00007119 + Nepal [GAZ:00004399]: + text: Nepal [GAZ:00004399] + description: A small, uninhabited island in the Caribbean Sea, and is an unorganized + unincorporated territory of the United States, which administers it through + the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The island is also claimed by Haiti. + meaning: GAZ:00004399 + Netherlands [GAZ:00002946]: + text: Netherlands [GAZ:00002946] + description: A landlocked nation in South Asia. It is bordered by the Tibet + Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China to the northeast and + India to the south and west; it is separated from Bhutan by the Indian State + of Sikkim and from Bangladesh by a small strip of the Indian State of West + Bengal, known as the "Chicken's Neck". The Himalaya mountain range runs + across Nepal's north and western parts, and eight of the world's ten highest + mountains, including the highest, Mount Everest are situated within its + territory. Nepal is divided into 14 zones and 75 districts, grouped into + 5 development regions. + meaning: GAZ:00002946 + New Caledonia [GAZ:00005206]: + text: New Caledonia [GAZ:00005206] + description: The European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is bordered + by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany + to the east. The Netherlands is divided into twelve administrative regions, + called provinces. All provinces of the Netherlands are divided into municipalities + (gemeenten), together 443 (2007). + meaning: GAZ:00005206 + New Zealand [GAZ:00000469]: + text: New Zealand [GAZ:00000469] + description: A "sui generis collectivity" (in practice an overseas territory) + of France, made up of a main island (Grande Terre), the Loyalty Islands, + and several smaller islands. It is located in the region of Melanesia in + the southwest Pacific. Administratively, the archipelago is divided into + three provinces, and then into 33 communes. + meaning: GAZ:00000469 + Nicaragua [GAZ:00002978]: + text: Nicaragua [GAZ:00002978] + description: A nation in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two large + islands (the North Island and the South Island) and numerous smaller islands, + most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands. + meaning: GAZ:00002978 + Niger [GAZ:00000585]: + text: Niger [GAZ:00000585] + description: A republic in Central America. It is also the least densely populated + with a demographic similar in size to its smaller neighbors. The country + is bordered by Honduras to the north and by Costa Rica to the south. The + Pacific Ocean lies to the west of the country, while the Caribbean Sea lies + to the east. For administrative purposes it is divided into 15 departments + (departamentos) and two self-governing regions (autonomous communities) + based on the Spanish model. The departments are then subdivided into 153 + municipios (municipalities). The two autonomous regions are Region Autonoma + del Atlantico Norte and Region Autonoma del Atlantico Sur, often referred + to as RAAN and RAAS, respectively. Until they were granted autonomy in 1985 + they formed the single department of Zelaya. + meaning: GAZ:00000585 + Nigeria [GAZ:00000912]: + text: Nigeria [GAZ:00000912] + description: A landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger + River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali + to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east. The capital + city is Niamey. Niger is divided into 7 departments and one capital district. + The departments are subdivided into 36 arrondissements and further subdivided + into 129 communes. + meaning: GAZ:00000912 + Niue [GAZ:00006902]: + text: Niue [GAZ:00006902] + description: A federal constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states + and one Federal Capital Territory. The country is located in West Africa + and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and + Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its coast lies on the Gulf + of Guinea, part of the Atlantic Ocean, in the south. The capital city is + Abuja. Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital + Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas + (LGAs). + meaning: GAZ:00006902 + Norfolk Island [GAZ:00005908]: + text: Norfolk Island [GAZ:00005908] + description: An island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean. Although + self-governing, Niue is in free association with New Zealand, meaning that + the Sovereign in Right of New Zealand is also Niue's head of state. + meaning: GAZ:00005908 + North Korea [GAZ:00002801]: + text: North Korea [GAZ:00002801] + description: A Territory of Australia that includes Norfolk Island and neighboring + islands. + meaning: GAZ:00002801 + North Macedonia [GAZ:00006895]: + text: North Macedonia [GAZ:00006895] + description: A state in East Asia in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula, + with its capital in the city of Pyongyang. To the south and separated by + the Korean Demilitarized Zone is South Korea, with which it formed one nation + until division following World War II. At its northern Amnok River border + are China and, separated by the Tumen River in the extreme north-east, Russia. + meaning: GAZ:00006895 + North Sea [GAZ:00002284]: + text: North Sea [GAZ:00002284] + description: A landlocked country on the Balkan peninsula in southeastern + Europe. It is bordered by Serbia and Kosovo to the north, Albania to the + west, Greece to the south, and Bulgaria to the east. In 2004-08, the Republic + of Macedonia was reorganised into 85 municipalities (opstini; singular opstina), + 10 of which comprise Greater Skopje. This is reduced from the previous 123 + municipalities established in 1996-09. Prior to this, local government was + organised into 34 administrative districts. + meaning: GAZ:00002284 + Northern Mariana Islands [GAZ:00003958]: + text: Northern Mariana Islands [GAZ:00003958] + description: A sea situated between the eastern coasts of the British Isles + and the western coast of Europe. + meaning: GAZ:00003958 + Norway [GAZ:00002699]: + text: Norway [GAZ:00002699] + description: A group of 15 islands about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii + to the Philippines. + meaning: GAZ:00002699 + Oman [GAZ:00005283]: + text: Oman [GAZ:00005283] + description: A country and constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that + occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. It is bordered + by Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The Kingdom of Norway also includes the + Arctic island territories of Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norwegian sovereignty + over Svalbard is based upon the Svalbard Treaty, but that treaty does not + apply to Jan Mayen. Bouvet Island in the South Atlantic Ocean and Peter + I Island and Queen Maud Land in Antarctica are external dependencies, but + those three entities do not form part of the kingdom. + meaning: GAZ:00005283 + Pakistan [GAZ:00005246]: + text: Pakistan [GAZ:00005246] + description: A country in southwest Asia, on the southeast coast of the Arabian + Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia + on the west, and Yemen on the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian + Sea on the south and east, and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The country + also contains Madha, an exclave enclosed by the United Arab Emirates, and + Musandam, an exclave also separated by Emirati territory. Oman is divided + into four governorates (muhafazah) and five regions (mintaqat). The regions + are subdivided into provinces (wilayat). + meaning: GAZ:00005246 + Palau [GAZ:00006905]: + text: Palau [GAZ:00006905] + description: A country in Middle East which lies on the Iranian Plateau and + some parts of South Asia. It is located in the region where South Asia converges + with Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046 km coastline along + the Arabian Sea in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in + the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. Pakistan is + subdivided into four provinces and two territories. In addition, the portion + of Kashmir that is administered by the Pakistani government is divided into + two separate administrative units. The provinces are divided into a total + of 105 zillas (districts). A zilla is further subdivided into tehsils (roughly + equivalent to counties). Tehsils may contain villages or municipalities. + There are over five thousand local governments in Pakistan. + meaning: GAZ:00006905 + Panama [GAZ:00002892]: + text: Panama [GAZ:00002892] + description: A nation that consists of eight principal islands and more than + 250 smaller ones lying roughly 500 miles southeast of the Philippines. + meaning: GAZ:00002892 + Papua New Guinea [GAZ:00003922]: + text: Papua New Guinea [GAZ:00003922] + description: The southernmost country of Central America. Situated on an isthmus, + some categorize it as a transcontinental nation connecting the north and + south part of America. It borders Costa Rica to the north-west, Colombia + to the south-east, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean + to the south. Panama's major divisions are nine provinces and five indigenous + territories (comarcas indigenas). The provincial borders have not changed + since they were determined at independence in 1903. The provinces are divided + into districts, which in turn are subdivided into sections called corregimientos. + Configurations of the corregimientos are changed periodically to accommodate + population changes as revealed in the census reports. + meaning: GAZ:00003922 + Paracel Islands [GAZ:00010832]: + text: Paracel Islands [GAZ:00010832] + description: A country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island + of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern + Pacific Ocean north of Australia). + meaning: GAZ:00010832 + Paraguay [GAZ:00002933]: + text: Paraguay [GAZ:00002933] + description: A group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about + one-third of the way from Vietnam to the Philippines. + meaning: GAZ:00002933 + Peru [GAZ:00002932]: + text: Peru [GAZ:00002932] + description: A landlocked country in South America. It lies on both banks + of the Paraguay River, bordering Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil + to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest, and is located + in the very heart of South America. Paraguay consists of seventeen departments + and one capital district (distrito capital). Each department is divided + into districts. + meaning: GAZ:00002932 + Philippines [GAZ:00004525]: + text: Philippines [GAZ:00004525] + description: A country in western South America. It is bordered on the north + by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, + on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is divided + into 25 regions and the province of Lima. These regions are subdivided into + provinces, which are composed of districts (provincias and distritos). There + are 195 provinces and 1833 districts in Peru. The Lima Province, located + in the central coast of the country, is unique in that it doesn't belong + to any of the twenty-five regions. The city of Lima, which is the nation's + capital, is located in this province. Callao is its own region, even though + it only contains one province, the Constitutional Province of Callao. + meaning: GAZ:00004525 + Pitcairn Islands [GAZ:00005867]: + text: Pitcairn Islands [GAZ:00005867] + description: 'An archipelagic nation located in Southeast Asia. The Philippine + archipelago comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean, bordering + countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Palau and the Republic of China, + although it is the only Southeast Asian country to share no land borders + with its neighbors. The Philippines is divided into three island groups: + Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. These are divided into 17 regions, 81 provinces, + 136 cities, 1,494 municipalities and 41,995 barangays.' + meaning: GAZ:00005867 + Poland [GAZ:00002939]: + text: Poland [GAZ:00002939] + description: A group of four islands in the southern Pacific Ocean. The Pitcairn + Islands form the southeasternmost extension of the geological archipelago + of the Tuamotus of French Polynesia. + meaning: GAZ:00002939 + Portugal [GAZ:00004126]: + text: Portugal [GAZ:00004126] + description: A country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to + the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus + and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a + Russian exclave, to the north. The administrative division of Poland since + 1999 has been based on three levels of subdivision. The territory of Poland + is divided into voivodeships (provinces); these are further divided into + powiats (counties), and these in turn are divided into gminas (communes + or municipalities). Major cities normally have the status of both gmina + and powiat. Poland currently has 16 voivodeships, 379 powiats (including + 65 cities with powiat status), and 2,478 gminas. + meaning: GAZ:00004126 + Puerto Rico [GAZ:00006935]: + text: Puerto Rico [GAZ:00006935] + description: That part of the Portugese Republic that occupies the W part + of the Iberian Peninsula, and immediately adjacent islands. + meaning: GAZ:00006935 + Qatar [GAZ:00005286]: + text: Qatar [GAZ:00005286] + description: A semi-autonomous territory composed of an archipelago in the + northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of the Virgin + Islands, approximately 2,000 km off the coast of Florida (the nearest of + the mainland United States). + meaning: GAZ:00005286 + Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001088]: + text: Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001088] + description: 'An Arab emirate in Southwest Asia, occupying the small Qatar + Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula. It + is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south; otherwise the Persian Gulf surrounds + the state. Qatar is divided into ten municipalities (Arabic: baladiyah), + which are further divided into zones (districts).' + meaning: GAZ:00001088 + Reunion [GAZ:00003945]: + text: Reunion [GAZ:00003945] + description: A country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, + the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the + Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea. The Republic + of the Congo is divided into 10 regions (regions) and one commune, the capital + Brazzaville. The regions are subdivided into forty-six districts. + meaning: GAZ:00003945 + Romania [GAZ:00002951]: + text: Romania [GAZ:00002951] + description: An island, located in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar, about + 200 km south west of Mauritius, the nearest island. + meaning: GAZ:00002951 + Ross Sea [GAZ:00023304]: + text: Ross Sea [GAZ:00023304] + description: A country in Southeastern Europe. It shares a border with Hungary + and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, + and Bulgaria to the south. Romania has a stretch of sea coast along the + Black Sea. It is located roughly in the lower basin of the Danube and almost + all of the Danube Delta is located within its territory. Romania is divided + into forty-one counties (judete), as well as the municipality of Bucharest + (Bucuresti) - which is its own administrative unit. The country is further + subdivided into 319 cities and 2686 communes (rural localities). + meaning: GAZ:00023304 + Russia [GAZ:00002721]: + text: Russia [GAZ:00002721] + description: A large embayment of the Southern Ocean, extending deeply into + Antarctica between Cape Adare, at 170degE, on the west and Cape Colbeck + on the east, at 158degW. + meaning: GAZ:00002721 + Rwanda [GAZ:00001087]: + text: Rwanda [GAZ:00001087] + description: 'A transcontinental country extending over much of northern Eurasia. + Russia shares land borders with the following countries (counter-clockwise + from northwest to southeast): Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania + (Kaliningrad Oblast), Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, + Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. The Russian Federation + comprises 83 federal subjectsm 46 oblasts(provinces), 21 republics, 9 krais + (territories), 4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts), one autonomous + oblast, and two federal cities. The federal subjects are grouped into seven + federal districts. These subjects are divided into districts (raions), cities/towns + and urban-type settlements, and, at level 4, selsovets (rural councils), + towns and urban-type settlements under the jurisdiction of the district + and city districts.' + meaning: GAZ:00001087 + Saint Helena [GAZ:00000849]: + text: Saint Helena [GAZ:00000849] + description: A small landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of east-central + Africa, bordered by Uganda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo + and Tanzania. Rwanda is divided into five provinces (intara) and subdivided + into thirty districts (akarere). The districts are divided into sectors + (imirenge). + meaning: GAZ:00000849 + Saint Kitts and Nevis [GAZ:00006906]: + text: Saint Kitts and Nevis [GAZ:00006906] + description: An island of volcanic origin and a British overseas territory + in the South Atlantic Ocean. + meaning: GAZ:00006906 + Saint Lucia [GAZ:00006909]: + text: Saint Lucia [GAZ:00006909] + description: 'A federal two-island nation in the West Indies. Located in the + Leeward Islands. Saint Kitts and Nevis are geographically part of the Leeward + Islands. To the north-northwest lie the islands of Saint Eustatius, Saba, + Saint Barthelemy, and Saint-Martin/Sint Maarten. To the east and northeast + are Antigua and Barbuda, and to the southeast is the small uninhabited island + of Redonda, and the island of Montserrat. The federation of Saint Kitts + and Nevis is divided into fourteen parishes: nine divisions on Saint Kitts + and five on Nevis.' + meaning: GAZ:00006909 + Saint Pierre and Miquelon [GAZ:00003942]: + text: Saint Pierre and Miquelon [GAZ:00003942] + description: An island nation in the eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary + with the Atlantic Ocean. + meaning: GAZ:00003942 + Saint Martin [GAZ:00005841]: + text: Saint Martin [GAZ:00005841] + description: An Overseas Collectivity of France located in a group of small + islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, the main ones being Saint Pierre and + Miquelon, 25 km off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada. Saint Pierre and + Miquelon became an overseas department in 1976, but its status changed to + that of an Overseas collectivity in 1985. + meaning: GAZ:00005841 + Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [GAZ:02000565]: + text: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [GAZ:02000565] + description: An overseas collectivity of France that came into being on 2007-02-22, + encompassing the northern parts of the island of Saint Martin and neighboring + islets. The southern part of the island, Sint Maarten, is part of the Netherlands + Antilles. Formerly, with Saint-Barthelemy, an arrondissement of Guadeloupe. + meaning: GAZ:02000565 + Samoa [GAZ:00006910]: + text: Samoa [GAZ:00006910] + description: An island nation in the Lesser Antilles chain of the Caribbean + Sea. + meaning: GAZ:00006910 + San Marino [GAZ:00003102]: + text: San Marino [GAZ:00003102] + description: A country governing the western part of the Samoan Islands archipelago + in the South Pacific Ocean. Samoa is made up of eleven itumalo (political + districts). + meaning: GAZ:00003102 + Sao Tome and Principe [GAZ:00006927]: + text: Sao Tome and Principe [GAZ:00006927] + description: A country in the Apennine Mountains. It is a landlocked enclave, + completely surrounded by Italy. San Marino is an enclave in Italy, on the + border between the regioni of Emilia Romagna and Marche. Its topography + is dominated by the Apennines mountain range. San Marino is divided into + nine municipalities, known locally as Castelli (singular castello). + meaning: GAZ:00006927 + Saudi Arabia [GAZ:00005279]: + text: Saudi Arabia [GAZ:00005279] + description: 'An island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial + coast of Africa. It consists of two islands: Sao Tome and Principe, located + about 140 km apart and about 250 and 225 km respectively, off of the northwestern + coast of Gabon. Both islands are part of an extinct volcanic mountain range. + Sao Tome and Principe is divided into 2 provinces: Principe, Sao Tome. The + provinces are further divided into seven districts, six on Sao Tome and + one on Principe (with Principe having self-government since 1995-04-29).' + meaning: GAZ:00005279 + Senegal [GAZ:00000913]: + text: Senegal [GAZ:00000913] + description: A country on the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Jordan + on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, + and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen + on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to + its west. Saudi Arabia is divided into 13 provinces or regions (manatiq; + singular mintaqah). Each is then divided into Governorates. + meaning: GAZ:00000913 + Serbia [GAZ:00002957]: + text: Serbia [GAZ:00002957] + description: A country south of the Senegal River in western Africa. Senegal + is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Mauritania to the north, Mali + to the east, and Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south. The Gambia lies + almost entirely within Senegal, surrounded on the north, east and south; + from its western coast Gambia's territory follows the Gambia River more + than 300 km inland. Dakar is the capital city of Senegal, located on the + Cape Verde Peninsula on the country's Atlantic coast. Senegal is subdivided + into 11 regions and further subdivided into 34 Departements, 103 Arrondissements + (neither of which have administrative function) and by Collectivites Locales. + meaning: GAZ:00002957 + Seychelles [GAZ:00006922]: + text: Seychelles [GAZ:00006922] + description: 'A landlocked country in Central and Southeastern Europe, covering + the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkan + Peninsula. It is bordered by Hungary to the north; Romania and Bulgaria + to the east; Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro to the south; Croatia and + Bosnia and Herzegovina to the west. The capital is Belgrade. Serbia is divided + into 29 districts plus the City of Belgrade. The districts and the city + of Belgrade are further divided into municipalities. Serbia has two autonomous + provinces: Kosovo and Metohija in the south (5 districts, 30 municipalities), + and Vojvodina in the north (7 districts, 46 municipalities).' + meaning: GAZ:00006922 + Sierra Leone [GAZ:00000914]: + text: Sierra Leone [GAZ:00000914] + description: An archipelagic island country in the Indian Ocean at the eastern + edge of the Somali Sea. It consists of 115 islands. + meaning: GAZ:00000914 + Singapore [GAZ:00003923]: + text: Singapore [GAZ:00003923] + description: A country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea in the north + and east, Liberia in the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest + and west. The Republic of Sierra Leone is composed of 3 provinces and one + area called the Western Area; the provinces are further divided into 12 + districts. The Western Area is also divided into 2 districts. + meaning: GAZ:00003923 + Sint Maarten [GAZ:00012579]: + text: Sint Maarten [GAZ:00012579] + description: An island nation located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. + It lies 137 km north of the Equator, south of the Malaysian State of Johor + and north of Indonesia's Riau Islands. Singapore consists of 63 islands, + including mainland Singapore. There are two man-made connections to Johor, + Malaysia, Johor-Singapore Causeway in the north, and Tuas Second Link in + the west. Since 2001-11-24, Singapore has had an administrative subdivision + into 5 districts. It is also divided into five Regions, urban planning subdivisions + with no administrative role. + meaning: GAZ:00012579 + Slovakia [GAZ:00002956]: + text: Slovakia [GAZ:00002956] + description: One of five island areas (Eilandgebieden) of the Netherlands + Antilles, encompassing the southern half of the island of Saint Martin/Sint + Maarten. + meaning: GAZ:00002956 + Slovenia [GAZ:00002955]: + text: Slovenia [GAZ:00002955] + description: A landlocked country in Central Europe. The Slovak Republic borders + the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine + to the east and Hungary to the south. The largest city is its capital, Bratislava. + Slovakia is subdivided into 8 kraje (singular - kraj, usually translated + as regions. The kraje are subdivided into many okresy (singular okres, usually + translated as districts). Slovakia currently has 79 districts. + meaning: GAZ:00002955 + Solomon Islands [GAZ:00005275]: + text: Solomon Islands [GAZ:00005275] + description: A country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west, + the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary + to the northeast, and Austria to the north. The capital of Slovenia is Ljubljana. + As of 2005-05 Slovenia is divided into 12 statistical regions for legal + and statistical purposes. Slovenia is divided into 210 local municipalities, + eleven of which have urban status. + meaning: GAZ:00005275 + Somalia [GAZ:00001104]: + text: Somalia [GAZ:00001104] + description: A nation in Melanesia, east of Papua New Guinea, consisting of + nearly one thousand islands. Together they cover a land mass of 28,400 km2. + The capital is Honiara, located on the island of Guadalcanal. + meaning: GAZ:00001104 + South Africa [GAZ:00001094]: + text: South Africa [GAZ:00001094] + description: A country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti + to the northwest, Kenya on its southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen on + its north, the Indian Ocean at its east, and Ethiopia to the west. Prior + to the civil war, Somalia was divided into eighteen regions (gobollada, + singular gobol), which were in turn subdivided into districts. On a de facto + basis, northern Somalia is now divided up among the quasi-independent states + of Puntland, Somaliland, Galmudug and Maakhir. + meaning: GAZ:00001094 + South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands [GAZ:00003990]: + text: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands [GAZ:00003990] + description: 'A country located at the southern tip of Africa. It borders + the Atlantic and Indian oceans and Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, + Swaziland, and Lesotho, an independent enclave surrounded by South African + territory. It is divided into nine provinces which are further subdivided + into 52 districts: 6 metropolitan and 46 district municipalities. The 46 + district municipalities are further subdivided into 231 local municipalities. + The district municipalities also contain 20 district management areas (mostly + game parks) that are directly governed by the district municipalities. The + six metropolitan municipalities perform the functions of both district and + local municipalities.' + meaning: GAZ:00003990 + South Korea [GAZ:00002802]: + text: South Korea [GAZ:00002802] + description: A British overseas territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. + It iconsists of South Georgia and the Sandwich Islands, some 640 km to the + SE. + meaning: GAZ:00002802 + South Sudan [GAZ:00233439]: + text: South Sudan [GAZ:00233439] + description: A republic in East Asia, occupying the southern half of the Korean + Peninsula. South Korea is divided into 8 provinces (do), 1 special autonomous + province (teukbyeol jachido), 6 metropolitan cities (gwangyeoksi), and 1 + special city (teukbyeolsi). These are further subdivided into a variety + of smaller entities, including cities (si), counties (gun), districts (gu), + towns (eup), townships (myeon), neighborhoods (dong) and villages (ri). + meaning: GAZ:00233439 + Spain [GAZ:00003936]: + text: Spain [GAZ:00003936] + description: A state located in Africa with Juba as its capital city. It's + bordered by Ethiopia to the east, Kenya, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic + of the Congo to the south, and the Central African Republic to the west + and Sudan to the North. Southern Sudan includes the vast swamp region of + the Sudd formed by the White Nile, locally called the Bahr el Jebel. + meaning: GAZ:00003936 + Spratly Islands [GAZ:00010831]: + text: Spratly Islands [GAZ:00010831] + description: That part of the Kingdom of Spain that occupies the Iberian Peninsula + plus the Balaeric Islands. The Spanish mainland is bordered to the south + and east almost entirely by the Mediterranean Sea (except for a small land + boundary with Gibraltar); to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of + Biscay; and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal. + meaning: GAZ:00010831 + Sri Lanka [GAZ:00003924]: + text: Sri Lanka [GAZ:00003924] + description: A group of >100 islands located in the Southeastern Asian group + of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way + from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines. + meaning: GAZ:00003924 + State of Palestine [GAZ:00002475]: + text: State of Palestine [GAZ:00002475] + description: An island nation in South Asia, located about 31 km off the southern + coast of India. Sri Lanka is divided into 9 provinces and 25 districts. + Districts are divided into Divisional Secretariats. + meaning: GAZ:00002475 + Sudan [GAZ:00000560]: + text: Sudan [GAZ:00000560] + description: The territory under the administration of the Palestine National + Authority, as established by the Oslo Accords. The PNA divides the Palestinian + territories into 16 governorates. + meaning: GAZ:00000560 + Suriname [GAZ:00002525]: + text: Suriname [GAZ:00002525] + description: A country in North Africa. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, + the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and + Uganda to the southeast, Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central + African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. + Sudan is divided into twenty-six states (wilayat, singular wilayah) which + in turn are subdivided into 133 districts. + meaning: GAZ:00002525 + Svalbard [GAZ:00005396]: + text: Svalbard [GAZ:00005396] + description: A country in northern South America. It is situated between French + Guiana to the east and Guyana to the west. The southern border is shared + with Brazil and the northern border is the Atlantic coast. The southernmost + border with French Guiana is disputed along the Marowijne river. Suriname + is divided into 10 districts, each of which is divided into Ressorten. + meaning: GAZ:00005396 + Swaziland [GAZ:00001099]: + text: Swaziland [GAZ:00001099] + description: An archipelago of continental islands lying in the Arctic Ocean + north of mainland Europe, about midway between Norway and the North Pole. + meaning: GAZ:00001099 + Sweden [GAZ:00002729]: + text: Sweden [GAZ:00002729] + description: A small, landlocked country in Africa embedded between South + Africa in the west, north and south and Mozambique in the east. Swaziland + is divided into four districts, each of which is divided into Tinkhundla + (singular, Inkhundla). + meaning: GAZ:00002729 + Switzerland [GAZ:00002941]: + text: Switzerland [GAZ:00002941] + description: A Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. + It has borders with Norway (west and north) and Finland (northeast). Sweden + is a unitary state, currently divided into twenty-one counties (lan). Each + county further divides into a number of municipalities or kommuner, with + a total of 290 municipalities in 2004. + meaning: GAZ:00002941 + Syria [GAZ:00002474]: + text: Syria [GAZ:00002474] + description: 'A federal republic in Europe. Switzerland is bordered by Germany, + France, Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein. The Swiss Confederation consists + of 26 cantons. The Cantons comprise a total of 2,889 municipalities. Within + Switzerland there are two enclaves: Busingen belongs to Germany, Campione + d''Italia belongs to Italy.' + meaning: GAZ:00002474 + Taiwan [GAZ:00005341]: + text: Taiwan [GAZ:00005341] + description: 'A country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon, the Mediterranean + Sea and the island of Cyprus to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan + to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north. Syria has fourteen + governorates, or muhafazat (singular: muhafazah). The governorates are divided + into sixty districts, or manatiq (singular: mintaqah), which are further + divided into sub-districts, or nawahi (singular: nahia).' + meaning: GAZ:00005341 + Tajikistan [GAZ:00006912]: + text: Tajikistan [GAZ:00006912] + description: A state in East Asia with de facto rule of the island of Tawain + and adjacent territory. The Republic of China currently administers two + historical provinces of China (one completely and a small part of another + one) and centrally administers two direct-controlled municipalities. + meaning: GAZ:00006912 + Tanzania [GAZ:00001103]: + text: Tanzania [GAZ:00001103] + description: A mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan + borders to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and + People's Republic of China to the east. Tajikistan consists of 4 administrative + divisions. These are the provinces (viloyat) of Sughd and Khatlon, the autonomous + province of Gorno-Badakhshan (abbreviated as GBAO), and the Region of Republican + Subordination (RRP, Raiony Respublikanskogo Podchineniya in Russian; formerly + known as Karotegin Province). Each region is divided into several districts + (nohiya or raion). + meaning: GAZ:00001103 + Thailand [GAZ:00003744]: + text: Thailand [GAZ:00003744] + description: A country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda on the + north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the west, + and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique on the south. To the east it borders the + Indian Ocean. Tanzania is divided into 26 regions (mkoa), twenty-one on + the mainland and five on Zanzibar (three on Unguja, two on Pemba). Ninety-eight + districts (wilaya), each with at least one council, have been created to + further increase local authority; the councils are also known as local government + authorities. Currently there are 114 councils operating in 99 districts; + 22 are urban and 92 are rural. The 22 urban units are further classified + as city councils (Dar es Salaam and Mwanza), municipal councils (Arusha, + Dodoma, Iringa, Kilimanjaro, Mbeya, Morogoro, Shinyanga, Tabora, and Tanga) + or town councils (the remaining eleven communities). + meaning: GAZ:00003744 + Timor-Leste [GAZ:00006913]: + text: Timor-Leste [GAZ:00006913] + description: 'A country in Southeast Asia. To its east lie Laos and Cambodia; + to its south, the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia; and to its west, the Andaman + Sea and Burma. Its capital and largest city is Bangkok. Thailand is divided + into 75 provinces (changwat), which are gathered into 5 groups of provinces + by location. There are also 2 special governed districts: the capital Bangkok + (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon) and Pattaya, of which Bangkok is at provincial + level and thus often counted as a 76th province.' + meaning: GAZ:00006913 + Togo [GAZ:00000915]: + text: Togo [GAZ:00000915] + description: A country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of + the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecussi-Ambeno, + an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West + Timor. The small country of 15,410 km2 is located about 640 km northwest + of Darwin, Australia. East Timor is divided into thirteen administrative + districts, are subdivided into 65 subdistricts, 443 sucos and 2,336 towns, + villages and hamlets. + meaning: GAZ:00000915 + Tokelau [GAZ:00260188]: + text: Tokelau [GAZ:00260188] + description: A country in West Africa bordering Ghana in the west, Benin in + the east and Burkina Faso in the north. In the south, it has a short Gulf + of Guinea coast, on which the capital Lome is located. + meaning: GAZ:00260188 + Tonga [GAZ:00006916]: + text: Tonga [GAZ:00006916] + description: 'A dependent territory of New Zealand in the southern Pacific + Ocean. It consists of three tropical coral atolls: Atafu, Nukunonu, and + Fakaofo. They have a combined land area of 10 km2 (4 sq mi).' + meaning: GAZ:00006916 + Trinidad and Tobago [GAZ:00003767]: + text: Trinidad and Tobago [GAZ:00003767] + description: A Polynesian country, and also an archipelago comprising 169 + islands, of which 36 are inhabited. The archipelago's total surface area + is about 750 square kilometres (290 sq mi) scattered over 700,000 square + kilometres (270,000 sq mi) of the southern Pacific Ocean. + meaning: GAZ:00003767 + Tromelin Island [GAZ:00005812]: + text: Tromelin Island [GAZ:00005812] + description: An archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast + of the South American nation of Venezuela and south of Grenada in the Lesser + Antilles. It also shares maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast + and Guyana to the southeast. The country covers an area of 5,128 km2and + consists of two main islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and 21 smaller islands. + meaning: GAZ:00005812 + Tunisia [GAZ:00000562]: + text: Tunisia [GAZ:00000562] + description: A low, flat 0.8 km2 island in the Indian Ocean, about 350 km + east of Madagascar. Tromelin is a low, scrub-covered sandbank about 1,700 + m long and 700 m wide, surrounded by coral reefs. The island is 7 m high + at its highest point. + meaning: GAZ:00000562 + Turkey [GAZ:00000558]: + text: Turkey [GAZ:00000558] + description: A country situated on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa. + It is bordered by Algeria to the west and Libya to the southeast. Tunisia + is subdivided into 24 governorates, divided into 262 "delegations" or "districts" + (mutamadiyat), and further subdivided into municipalities (shaykhats). + meaning: GAZ:00000558 + Turkmenistan [GAZ:00005018]: + text: Turkmenistan [GAZ:00005018] + description: 'A Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula + in western Asia and Thrace (Rumelia) in the Balkan region of southeastern + Europe. Turkey borders eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece + to the west, Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave + of Nakhichevan), and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. + The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea and Archipelago + are to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. Separating Anatolia + and Thrace are the Sea of Marmara and the Turkish Straits (the Bosporus + and the Dardanelles), which are commonly reckoned to delineate the border + between Asia and Europe, thereby making Turkey transcontinental. The territory + of Turkey is subdivided into 81 provinces for administrative purposes. The + provinces are organized into 7 regions for census purposes; however, they + do not represent an administrative structure. Each province is divided into + districts, for a total of 923 districts.' + meaning: GAZ:00005018 + Turks and Caicos Islands [GAZ:00003955]: + text: Turks and Caicos Islands [GAZ:00003955] + description: A country in Central Asia. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the + southeast, Iran to the southwest, Uzbekistan to the northeast, Kazakhstan + to the northwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west. It was a constituent + republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic. Turkmenistan + is divided into five provinces or welayatlar (singular - welayat) and one + independent city. + meaning: GAZ:00003955 + Tuvalu [GAZ:00009715]: + text: Tuvalu [GAZ:00009715] + description: A British Overseas Territory consisting of two groups of tropical + islands in the West Indies. The Turks and Caicos Islands are divided into + six administrative districts (two in the Turks Islands and four in the Caicos + Islands. + meaning: GAZ:00009715 + United States of America [GAZ:00002459]: + text: United States of America [GAZ:00002459] + description: A Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean midway + between Hawaii and Australia. + meaning: GAZ:00002459 + Uganda [GAZ:00001102]: + text: Uganda [GAZ:00001102] + description: A federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and + a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, + where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, DC, the capital + district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada + to the north and Mexico to the south. The State of Alaska is in the northwest + of the continent, with Canada to its east and Russia to the west across + the Bering Strait, and the State of Hawaii is in the mid-Pacific. The United + States also possesses several territories, or insular areas, that are scattered + around the Caribbean and Pacific. The states are divided into smaller administrative + regions, called counties in most states, exceptions being Alaska (parts + of the state are organized into subdivisions called boroughs; the rest of + the state's territory that is not included in any borough is divided into + "census areas"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents + that are called parishes). There are also independent cities which are within + particular states but not part of any particular county or consolidated + city-counties. Another type of organization is where the city and county + are unified and function as an independent city. There are thirty-nine independent + cities in Virginia and other independent cities or city-counties are San + Francisco, California, Baltimore, Maryland, St. Louis, Missouri, Denver, + Colorado and Carson City, Nevada. Counties can include a number of cities, + towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. Counties + have varying degrees of political and legal significance, but they are always + administrative divisions of the state. Counties in many states are further + subdivided into townships, which, by definition, are administrative divisions + of a county. In some states, such as Michigan, a township can file a charter + with the state government, making itself into a "charter township", which + is a type of mixed municipal and township status (giving the township some + of the rights of a city without all of the responsibilities), much in the + way a metropolitan municipality is a mixed municipality and county. + meaning: GAZ:00001102 + Ukraine [GAZ:00002724]: + text: Ukraine [GAZ:00002724] + description: 'A landlocked country in East Africa, bordered on the east by + Kenya, the north by Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the + Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by Tanzania. The southern + part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, within + which it shares borders with Kenya and Tanzania. Uganda is divided into + 80 districts, spread across four administrative regions: Northern, Eastern, + Central and Western. The districts are subdivided into counties.' + meaning: GAZ:00002724 + United Arab Emirates [GAZ:00005282]: + text: United Arab Emirates [GAZ:00005282] + description: A country in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the east, Belarus + to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova + to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. Ukraine + is subdivided into twenty-four oblasts (provinces) and one autonomous republic + (avtonomna respublika), Crimea. Additionally, the cities of Kiev, the capital, + and Sevastopol, both have a special legal status. The 24 oblasts and Crimea + are subdivided into 490 raions (districts), or second-level administrative + units. + meaning: GAZ:00005282 + United Kingdom [GAZ:00002637]: + text: United Kingdom [GAZ:00002637] + description: A Middle Eastern federation of seven states situated in the southeast + of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering + Oman and Saudi Arabia. The seven states, termed emirates, are Abu Dhabi, + Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah, and Umm al-Quwain. + meaning: GAZ:00002637 + Uruguay [GAZ:00002930]: + text: Uruguay [GAZ:00002930] + description: A sovereign island country located off the northwestern coast + of mainland Europe comprising of the four constituent countries; England, + Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It comprises the island of Great Britain, + the northeast part of the island of Ireland and many small islands. Apart + from Northern Ireland the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North + Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. The largest island, Great Britain, + is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel. + meaning: GAZ:00002930 + Uzbekistan [GAZ:00004979]: + text: Uzbekistan [GAZ:00004979] + description: A country located in the southeastern part of South America. + It is bordered by Brazil to the north, by Argentina across the bank of both + the Uruguay River to the west and the estuary of Rio de la Plata to the + southwest, and the South Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. Uraguay consists + of 19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento). + meaning: GAZ:00004979 + Vanuatu [GAZ:00006918]: + text: Vanuatu [GAZ:00006918] + description: A doubly landlocked country in Central Asia, formerly part of + the Soviet Union. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the + north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan + to the south. Uzbekistan is divided into twelve provinces (viloyatlar) one + autonomous republic (respublika and one independent city (shahar). + meaning: GAZ:00006918 + Venezuela [GAZ:00002931]: + text: Venezuela [GAZ:00002931] + description: An island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, + which is of volcanic origin, is 1,750 kilometres (1,090 mi) east of northern + Australia, 540 kilometres (340 mi) northeast of New Caledonia, east of New + Guinea, southeast of the Solomon Islands, and west of Fiji. + meaning: GAZ:00002931 + Viet Nam [GAZ:00003756]: + text: Viet Nam [GAZ:00003756] + description: A country on the northern coast of South America. The country + comprises a continental mainland and numerous islands located off the Venezuelan + coastline in the Caribbean Sea. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela possesses + borders with Guyana to the east, Brazil to the south, and Colombia to the + west. Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, St. Lucia, Barbados, Curacao, Bonaire, + Aruba, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and the Leeward Antilles lie just + north, off the Venezuelan coast. Venezuela is divided into twenty-three + states (Estados), a capital district (distrito capital) corresponding to + the city of Caracas, the Federal Dependencies (Dependencias Federales, a + special territory), and Guayana Esequiba (claimed in a border dispute with + Guyana). Venezuela is further subdivided into 335 municipalities (municipios); + these are subdivided into over one thousand parishes (parroquias). + meaning: GAZ:00003756 + Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003959]: + text: Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003959] + description: The easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast + Asia. It borders the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, + alongside China, Laos, and Cambodia. + meaning: GAZ:00003959 + Wake Island [GAZ:00007111]: + text: Wake Island [GAZ:00007111] + description: A group of islands in the Caribbean that are an insular area + of the United States. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin + Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser + Antilles. The US Virgin Islands are an organized, unincorporated United + States territory. The US Virgin Islands are administratively divided into + two districts and subdivided into 20 sub-districts. + meaning: GAZ:00007111 + Wallis and Futuna [GAZ:00007191]: + text: Wallis and Futuna [GAZ:00007191] + description: A coral atoll (despite its name) having a coastline of 19 km + in the North Pacific Ocean, located about two-thirds of the way from Honolulu + (3,700 km west) to Guam (2,430 km east). + meaning: GAZ:00007191 + West Bank [GAZ:00009572]: + text: West Bank [GAZ:00009572] + description: A Polynesian French island territory (but not part of, or even + contiguous with, French Polynesia) in the South Pacific between Fiji and + Samoa. It is made up of three main volcanic tropical islands and a number + of tiny islets. + meaning: GAZ:00009572 + Western Sahara [GAZ:00000564]: + text: Western Sahara [GAZ:00000564] + description: A landlocked territory near the Mediterranean coast of Western + Asia, bordered by Jordan and the Dead Sea to the east and by Israel to the + south, west and north.[2] Under Israeli occupation since 1967, the area + is split into 167 Palestinian "islands" under partial Palestinian National + Authority civil rule, and 230 Israeli settlements into which Israeli law + is "pipelined". + meaning: GAZ:00000564 + Yemen [GAZ:00005284]: + text: Yemen [GAZ:00005284] + description: A territory of northwestern Africa, bordered by Morocco to the + north, Algeria in the northeast, Mauritania to the east and south, and the + Atlantic Ocean on the west. Western Sahara is administratively divided into + four regions. + meaning: GAZ:00005284 + Zambia [GAZ:00001107]: + text: Zambia [GAZ:00001107] + description: A country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. + Yemen is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, + the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east. Yemen's + territory includes over 200 islands, the largest of which is Socotra, about + 415 km to the south of Yemen, off the coast of Somalia. As of 2004-02, Yemen + is divided into twenty governorates (muhafazah) and one municipality. The + population of each governorate is listed in the table below. The governorates + of Yemen are divided into 333 districts (muderiah). The districts are subdivided + into 2,210 sub-districts, and then into 38,284 villages (as of 2001). + meaning: GAZ:00001107 + Zimbabwe [GAZ:00001106]: + text: Zimbabwe [GAZ:00001106] + description: A landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries + are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, + Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and Namibia to the south, + and Angola to the west. The capital city is Lusaka. Zambia is divided into + nine provinces. Each province is subdivided into several districts with + a total of 73 districts. + meaning: GAZ:00001106 +types: + WhitespaceMinimizedString: + name: WhitespaceMinimizedString + typeof: string + description: A string that has all whitespace trimmed off of beginning and end, + and all internal whitespace segments reduced to single spaces. Whitespace includes + base: str + uri: xsd:token + Provenance: + name: Provenance + typeof: string + description: A field containing a DataHarmonizer versioning marker. It is issued + by DataHarmonizer when validation is applied to a given row of data. + base: str + uri: xsd:token +settings: + Title_Case: (((?<=\b)[^a-z\W]\w*?|[\W])+) + UPPER_CASE: '[A-Z\W\d_]*' + lower_case: '[a-z\W\d_]*' diff --git a/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_core.yaml b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_core.yaml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f162a427 --- /dev/null +++ b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_core.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +id: https://example.com/B2B2B +name: B2B2B +description: "B2B2B Schema which includes B2B2B template" +version: 1.0.0 +imports: +- linkml:types +prefixes: + linkml: https://w3id.org/linkml/ +classes: + dh_interface: + name: dh_interface + description: A DataHarmonizer interface + from_schema: https://example.com/CanCOGeN_Covid-19 + B2B2B: + name: B2B2B + title: B2B2B + description: "The B2B2B template is a One Health contextual data specification designed for gold standard benchmark datasets for microbial AMR analyses. The specification was developed as part of the JPIAMR’s Bench, Bedside, Business, and Beyond: innovative solutions for AMR diagnostics (B2B2B AMRDx) project, and represents a subset of Canada’s GRDI-AMR-One-Health vocabulary (see GRDI template). The specification provides standardized (ontology-based) fields and terms which are implemented via a spreadsheet collection template, supported by field and reference guides, as well as a new term request SOP." + is_a: dh_interface +slots: {} +enums: {} +types: + WhitespaceMinimizedString: + name: 'WhitespaceMinimizedString' + typeof: string + description: A string that has all whitespace trimmed off of beginning and end, and all internal whitespace segments reduced to single spaces. Whitespace includes #x9 (tab), #xA (linefeed), and #xD (carriage return). + base: str + uri: xsd:token + Provenance: + name: 'Provenance' + typeof: string + description: 'A field containing a DataHarmonizer versioning marker. It is issued by DataHarmonizer when validation is applied to a given row of data.' + base: str + uri: xsd:token +settings: + Title_Case: "(((?<=\\b)[^a-z\\W]\\w*?|[\\W])+)" + UPPER_CASE: "[A-Z\\W\\d_]*" + lower_case: "[a-z\\W\\d_]*" diff --git a/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_enums.tsv b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_enums.tsv new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1021161e --- /dev/null +++ b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_enums.tsv @@ -0,0 +1,1210 @@ +title name meaning menu_1 menu_2 menu_3 menu_4 menu_5 description +null value menu NullValueMenu GENEPIO:0001619 Not Applicable [GENEPIO:0001619] A categorical choice recorded when a datum does not apply to a given context. + GENEPIO:0001618 Missing [GENEPIO:0001618] A categorical choice recorded when a datum is not included for an unknown reason. + GENEPIO:0001620 Not Collected [GENEPIO:0001620] A categorical choice recorded when a datum was not measured or collected. + GENEPIO:0001668 Not Provided [GENEPIO:0001668] A categorical choice recorded when a datum was collected but is not currently provided in the information being shared. This value indicates the information may be shared at the later stage. + GENEPIO:0001810 Restricted Access [GENEPIO:0001810] A categorical choice recorded when a given datum is available but not shared publicly because of information privacy concerns. + +purpose_of_sampling menu PurposeOfSamplingMenu GENEPIO:0100001 Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001] A sampling strategy in which individuals are chosen for investigation into a disease cluster or outbreak. + GENEPIO:0100002 Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002] A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context of diagnostic testing. + GENEPIO:0100548 Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548] A sampling strategy in which environments are sampled in the context of testing for the presence of, or change in the levels of, chemicals, pathogens or other phenomena. + GENEPIO:0100003 Research [GENEPIO:0100003] A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in order to perform research. + GENEPIO:0100549 Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549] A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context of experiments or observations performed as part of clinical research. + GENEPIO:0100550 Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550] A sampling strategy in which samples are taken during real-life experiments which test directly whether proposed interventions actually work. + GENEPIO:0100582 Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582] A sampling strategy in which individuals and/or materials are sampled for surveillance performed for research purposes. + GENEPIO:0100004 Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004] A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled for surveillance investigations. + +presampling_activity menu PresamplingActivityMenu GENEPIO:0100536 Addition of substances to food/water [GENEPIO:0100536] The addition of substances to food or water administered to an individual or group of individuals. + GENEPIO:0100537 Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537] The administration of an antimicrobial agent to an individual or its addition to a substance prior to some other event or activity. + GENEPIO:0100538 Certified animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100538] The implementation of animal husbandy practices that have been certified by an authorized organization. + GENEPIO:0100894 Certified humane animal husbandry practices [GENEPIO:0100894] A certification organization in Washington DC that is dedicated to improving the lives of farm animals in food production from birth through slaughter. + GENEPIO:0100539 Certified organic farming practices [GENEPIO:0100539] The implementation of organic farming practices that have been certified by an authorized organization. + GENEPIO:0100895 Conventional farming practices [GENEPIO:0100895] The implementation of farming practices that include man-made inputs such as chemical fertilizers and genetically-modified seeds. + GENEPIO:0100540 Change in storage conditions [GENEPIO:0100540] A change in the storage conditions of a material or a substance. + GENEPIO:0100541 Cleaning/disinfection [GENEPIO:0100541] A process of removing unwanted substances, such as dirt, infectious agents, and other impurities, from an object or environment. + GENEPIO:0100542 Extended downtime between activities [GENEPIO:0100542] A prolonged period of inactivity between processes or events. + GENEPIO:0100543 Fertilizer pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100543] The addition of fertilizer to a material or environment prior to some other event or activity. + GENEPIO:0100544 Genetic mutation [GENEPIO:0100544] A process in which a genetic mutation (or mutations) are created in an organism. + GENEPIO:0100545 Logistic slaughter [GENEPIO:0100545] The logistical planning of events and processes upstream of the immediate slaughter of an animal (which may include controlling transport climate; traffic conditions, number of pick-up farms, as well as time and distance during transport; queuing at the abattoir etc) that optimize operations and reduce stress on the animal. + GENEPIO:0100546 Microbial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100546] The deliberate addition of microbes or a mixture of microbes to an individual or substance prior to some other event or activity. + GENEPIO:0100547 Probiotic pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100547] The addition of a probiotic substance to an individual or material prior to some other event or activity. + NCIT:C15346 Vaccination [NCIT:C15346] Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis or treatment. + +experimental_specimen_role_type menu ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu GENEPIO:0101018 Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018] A control specimen that is expected to yield a positive result, to establish a reference baseline for an experiment. + GENEPIO:0101019 Negative experimental control [GENEPIO:0101019] A control specimen that is expected to yield a negative result, to establish a reference baseline for an experiment + EFO:0002090 Technical replicate [EFO:0002090] A technical replicate is a replicate role where the same BioSample is use e.g. the same pool of RNA used to assess technical (as opposed to biological) variation within an experiment. + EFO:0002091 Biological replicate [EFO:0002091] A biological replicate is a replicate role that consists of independent biological replicates made from different individual biosamples. + + +specimen_processing menu SpecimenProcessingMenu OBI:0600016 Samples pooled [OBI:0600016] Physical combination of several instances of like material + OBI:0002079 Isolated from single source [OBI:0002079] A collection of specimens that is collected from one source (e.g. one organism) during a time period which for the purpose of the study can be considered to be taken at the same sampling time. + +environmental_site menu EnvironmentalSiteMenu ENVO:01000925 Abattoir [ENVO:01000925] A facility in which non-human animals are slaughtered and processed for human consumption. + ENVO:00000114 Agricultural Field [ENVO:00000114] A field which is located on land and used for agricultural purposes, such as the grazing of livestock or the cultivation of crops. + ENVO:00000314 Alluvial fan [ENVO:00000314] A fan-shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing stream flattens, slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_fan ] + ENVO:01000922 Animal cage [ENVO:01000922] A manufactured cage which may be used to confine, contain, or protect an animal. + ENVO:00002196 Aquarium [ENVO:00002196] An aquarium is a vivarium which simulates the submerged portions of an aquatic environment + ENVO:03501406 Artificial wetland [ENVO:03501406] A wetland ecosystem which is constructed to treat municipal or industrial wastewater, greywater or stormwater runoff. + ENVO:03501441 Breeding ground [ENVO:03501441] A place where animals breed. + ENVO:00000073 Building [ENVO:00000073] A permanent walled and roofed construction. + ENVO:03501257 Barn [ENVO:03501257] A farm building used for housing livestock, storing machinery or crops etc + ENVO:03501383 Breeder barn [ENVO:03501383] A barn where animals are kept for breeding purposes. + ENVO:03501386 Broiler barn [ENVO:03501386] A barn where broiler chickens are reared. + ENVO:03501385 Sheep barn [ENVO:03501385] A barn where sheep are kept. + ENVO:03501397 Biodome [ENVO:03501397] A building which encloses one or more self-contained ecosystems or living environments. + ENVO:03501393 Cottage [ENVO:03501393] A human house which is small and is typically in a rural or semi-rural location. + ENVO:00003862 Dairy [ENVO:00003862] A dairy is a building in which animal milk is harvested and, optionally, processed for human consumption. + ENVO:00002173 Hospital [ENVO:00002173] A hospital is a building in which health care services are provided by specialized staff and equipment. + ENVO:01001406 Laboratory facility [ENVO:01001406] A research facility in which systems of manufactured products control internal conditions and in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. + ENVO:03501413 Pigsty [ENVO:03501413] A small-scale outdoor enclosure for raising domestic pigs as livestock. + Building part (organizational term) A part, section, or fixture of a building. + ENVO:03501380 Air intake [ENVO:03501380] A building part which is a pipe, vent or other device that enables air to be drawn in from outside a building. + ENVO:03501387 Animal pen [ENVO:03501387] An animal enclosure for holding livestock. + ENVO:01000486 Building floor [ENVO:01000486] A building floor is a surface layer which is part of a building and used for walking. + ENVO:01000465 Building wall [ENVO:01000465] Building walls are bulding parts which serve to support roofs, floors and ceilings; enclose a space as part of the building envelope; give buildings form; and to provide shelter and security. + ENVO:03501404 Countertop [ENVO:03501404] A manufactured product which is the surface of a table or cabinet on which work is performed. + ENVO:03501403 Shelf [ENVO:03501403] A manufactured product which is a flat, long piece of material fastened horizontally, as on a wall or bookcase, to support objects. + EOL:0001903 Stall [EOL:0001903] Division or compartment for an animal, usually within a house + ENVO:03501381 Window sill [ENVO:03501381] A building part which is a mainly horizontal surface or ledge at the bottom of a window which provides structural support. + ENVO:03501405 Creek [ENVO:03501405] A stream that is usually smaller than a river. + ENVO:00000078 Farm [ENVO:00000078] An area of land which is used for the cultivation of crops or grazing of livestock, including any agricultural constructions therein. + ENVO:03501443 Beef farm [ENVO:03501443] A farm where cows are kept for the purpose of meat production. + ENVO:03501384 Breeder farm [ENVO:03501384] A farm where animals are kept for breeding purposes. + ENVO:03501416 Dairy farm [ENVO:03501416] A farm where cows are kept for the purpose of producing milk and other dairy products. + ENVO:01000627 Feedlot [ENVO:01000627] A feedlot is a plot of land on which livestock are fattened for market [URL:http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feedlot ]. + ENVO:03501444 Beef cattle feedlot [ENVO:03501444] A feedlot where beef cattle are kept with a focus on efficient growth and weight gain of the animals. + ENVO:00000294 Fish farm [ENVO:00000294] A facility in which fish are raised commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food. + ENVO:03501417 Research farm [ENVO:03501417] A farm which is used for conducting agricultural research. + GAZ:00004603 Central Experimental Farm [GAZ:00004603] An agricultural facility, working farm, and research centre of the Research Branch of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. This farm is centrally located in and completely surrounded by the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The CEF is bordered by the Rideau Canal (a National Historic Site as well) to the east, by Baseline Road to the south, by Merivale and Fisher Roads to the west, and Carling Avenue to the north. + ENVO:01000306 Freshwater environment [ENVO:01000306] An aquatic environment which is determined by freshwater. + ENVO:01001873 Hatchery [ENVO:01001873] A construction in which eggs are hatched under artificial conditions. + ENVO:01001874 Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874] A hatchery in which the eggs of poultry are hatched under artificial conditions + ENVO:00000020 Lake [ENVO:00000020] A body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained in a depression on a landmass. + ENVO:03501422 Manure digester facility [ENVO:03501422] A human construction which is a facility in which a manure digester is housed. + ENVO:03501423 Manure lagoon (Anaerobic lagoon) [ENVO:03501423] A human construction which is an outdoor earthen basin filled with animal waste that undergoes anaerobic respiration as part of a system designed to manage and treat refuse created by concentrated animal feeding operations. + ENVO:01001872 Manure pit [ENVO:01001872] A pit which is used for the collection and storage of manure. + ENVO:01000320 Marine environment [ENVO:01000320] A marine environment and enviroment which is determined by a marine water body. + ENVO:03501440 Benthic zone [ENVO:03501440 The ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean, lake, or stream, that includes the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers. + ENVO:00000208 Pelagic zone [ENVO:00000208] An open ocean region. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean ] + ENVO:00000562 Park [ENVO:00000562] A bounded area of land, or water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped) state and set aside for some purpose, usually to do with recreation or conservation. + ENVO:00000033 Pond [ENVO:00000033] A body of water, usually of smaller size than a lake. + ENVO:00000025 Reservoir [ENVO:00000025] An artificial body of water, often contained by a dam, constructed for the purpose of water storage. + ENVO:00000450 Irrigation reservoir [ENVO:00000450] A reservoir constructed for the purpose of providing water for irrigation. + ENVO:01001448 Retail environment [ENVO:01001448] A planned environmental usage process during which an environment supports the sale of goods to ultimate consumers, usually in small quantities. + ENVO:00002221 Shop [ENVO:00002221] A building in which a business presents a selection of goods and offers to trade or sell them to customers for money or other goods. + ENVO:03501396 Butcher shop [ENVO:03501396] A food shop in which meat, poultry, and sometimes fish are sold. + ENVO:03501395 Pet store [ENVO:03501395] A shop which sells companion animals to the public. + ENVO:01000984 Supermarket [ENVO:01000984] A food shop in which food products are the primary offer for sale or trade. + ENVO:00000022 River [ENVO:00000022] A stream which, through permanent or seasonal flow processes, moves from elevated land towards lower elevations through a definite channel and empties either into a sea, lake, or another river or ends on land as bed seepage and evapotranspiration exceed water supply. + ENVO:03501439 Roost (bird) [ENVO:03501439] A perch on which birds rest. + ENVO:01000772 Rural area [ENVO:01000772] An area which is outside of a town, city, or urban area. Rural areas are primarily used for agriculture or pastoralism and may contain rural settlements. [ http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/am085e/am085e.pdf ] + ENVO:03501438 Slough [ENVO:03501438] A freshwater wetland, that is usually a swamp or shallow lake, often a backwater to a larger body of water. + ENVO:00000023 Stream [ENVO:00000023] A watercourse which is linear and flows across the solid portion of a planetary surface. [USGS:http://mapping.usgs.gov/www/ti/GNIS/gnis_users_guide_appendixc.html ] + ENVO:03501394 Trailer [ENVO:03501394] A vehicle which is nonautomative and is designed to be hauled by a motorized vehicle. + ENVO:00000495 Tributary [ENVO:00000495] A stream or river which flows into another river (a parent river) or body of water but which may not flow directly into the sea. + ENVO:01000602 Truck [ENVO:01000602] A truck is a motor vehicle which, as its primary funcion, transports cargo rather than human passangers. + ENVO:03501437 Urban area [ENVO:03501437] An area that has a high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban area includes cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs. + ENVO:01001191 Water surface [ENVO:01001191] The surface layer of a volume of water. + ENVO:00000109 Woodland area [ENVO:00000109] Land having a cover of trees, shrubs, or both. + ENVO:00010625 Zoo [ENVO:00010625] A facility in which animals are confined within enclosures and displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred. + +environmental_material menu EnvironmentalMaterialMenu ENVO:00002005 Air [ENVO:00002005] The mixture of gases (roughly (by molar content/volume: 78% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide, trace amounts of other gases, and a variable amount (average around 1%) of water vapor) that surrounds the planet Earth. + ENVO:01001202 Alluvium [ENVO:01001202] Soil or sediment which has been eroded and influenced by flowing water and redeposited in a non-marine setting. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvium ] + AGRO:00000675 Animal feeding equipment [AGRO:00000675] An equipment used to feed and water livestock animals. + AGRO:00000679 Animal feeder [AGRO:00000679] An animal feeding equipment that has a food storage unit and which enables livestock to obtain their own food. + AGRO:00000680 Animal drinker [AGRO:00000680] An animal feeding equipment that has a water storage unit which enables livestock to obtain their own water. + AGRO:00000676 Feed pan [AGRO:00000676] A bowl or pan which is used to feed livestock. + AGRO:00000677 Watering bowl [AGRO:00000677] A bowl from which animals can drink. + AGRO:00000671 Animal transportation equipment [AGRO:00000671] An equipment used in the transportation of an animal + GENEPIO:0100896 Dead haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100896] A trailer used by a dead haul truck to transport dead animal from an abattoir. + AGRO:00000673 Dead haul truck [AGRO:00000673] A truck used to haul dead animals from an abattoir. + GENEPIO:0100897 Live haul trailer [GENEPIO:0100897] A trailer used by a live haul truck to transport live animals. + AGRO:00000674 Live haul truck [AGRO:00000674] A truck used to haul live animals. + NCIT:C49844 Belt [NCIT:C49844] A device consisting of a narrow loop of material moving over shafts or pulleys. + ENVO:00002059 Biosolids [ENVO:00002059] A treated form of sludge, sometimes used as a fertilizer in agriculture. + GSSO:012935 Boot [GSSO:012935] A footwear which covers the foot, the ankle, and sometimes the leg below the knee. + OBI:0002806 Boot cover [OBI:0002806] A personal protective device which is an impermiable material which covers a shoe or boot in order to prevent spread of specific environmental contaminants. + ENVO:03501431 Broom [ENVO:03501431] A cleaning equipment piece which is a bundle of fibres attached to a long handle, and is used for sweeping. + ENVO:03501379 Bulk tank [ENVO:03501379] A manufactured product which used to safely store and/or transport solids, liquids, gases and a variety of compounds and mixtures. + AGRO:00000678 Chick box [AGRO:00000678] The box which is used to transport chick (juvenile chicken). + AGRO:00000672 Chick pad [AGRO:00000672] The lining of a box or crate used to transport chicks (juvenile chickens). + ENVO:03501430 Cleaning equipment [ENVO:03501430] An equipment piece used for cleaning a built environment or a manufactured product. + ENVO:00002170 Compost [ENVO:00002170] The aerobically decomposed remnants of organic materials. + ENVO:00002186 Contaminated water [ENVO:00002186] A type of water that contains contaminants such as pathogens, debris, chemicals, etc. + ENVO:03501436 Fecal slurry [ENVO:03501436] A mixture of fecal material mixed, buffer, and other materials, that is homogenized and strained and used in fecal microbiota translpantation. + GENEPIO:0004323 Fluid from meat rinse [GENEPIO:0004323] A type of fluid obtained from rinsing meat for the purpose of collecting materials and organisms that are on its surface. + ENVO:03501407 Effluent [ENVO:03501407] Contaminated water which eminates from a structure such as a wastewater treatment plant, sewer pipe, or industrial outfall, into the environment. + ENVO:03501442 Influent [ENVO:03501442] Contaminated or untreated water which is flowing into a wastewater treatment plant for processing. + ENVO:03501408 Surface runoff [ENVO:03501408] Surface water which is 1) from some rainwater, stormwater, meltwater, or other local source and 2) which can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate into soil, and instead flows along a drainage slope. + AGRO:00000693 Poultry plucking water [AGRO:00000693] A type of water obtained from rinsing poultry carcasses during the feather plucking process. + ENVO:00002001 Wastewater [ENVO:00002001] Water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. + AGRO:00000692 Weep fluid [AGRO:00000692] A fluid that leaks from a bag containing an animal carcass, and can include water, chemicals and anatomical fluids. + ENVO:03501372 Crate [ENVO:03501372] A manufactured product which is a container, traditionally made of wooden slates, designed to protect transported goods from damage. + ENVO:03501400 Dumpster [ENVO:03501400] A manufactured product which is a reusable container that accumulates waste until it is periodically emptied or replaced. + ENVO:00002008 Dust [ENVO:00002008] Minute solid particles with diameters less than 500 micrometers. Occurs in and may be deposited from, the atmosphere. + AGRO:00000670 Egg belt [AGRO:00000670] A conveyor belt used to collect eggs in an industrial egg production environment. + NCIT:C49947 Fan [NCIT:C49947] A device designed to create an air current through the rotation of a planar surface. + ENVO:03501415 Freezer [ENVO:03501415] A manufactured product which is a device used to keep things frozen by maintaining a temperature below the freezing point of water. + ENVO:03501414 Freezer handle [ENVO:03501414] A manufactured product which is the handle of a freezer door. + ENVO:00003031 Manure [ENVO:00003031] Organic matter, mostly animal feces, that is used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. + AGRO:00000079 Animal manure [AGRO:00000079] Organic matter mostly derived from animal feces which can be used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. + ENVO:00003860 Pig manure [ENVO:00003860] Manure which is primarily composed of pig feces. + ENVO:03501424 Manure digester equipment [ENVO:03501424] An equipment piece which is used in the aerobic or anaerobic microbial digestion of manure. + ENVO:03501432 Nest [ENVO:03501432] A structure that is built for certain animals to hold eggs or young. + ENVO:00005805 Bird's nest [ENVO:00005805] A bird nest is the spot in which a bird lays and incubates its eggs and raises its young. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_nest ] + ENVO:00000134 Permafrost [ENVO:00000134] Soil or rock and included ice or organic material at or below the freezing point of water (0 degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Fahrenheit) for two or more years. + AGRO:00000669 Plucking belt [AGRO:00000669] A part of the plucking machine that moves the birds through the stages of plucking within the plucking apparatus. + UBERON:0008291 Poultry fluff [UBERON:0008291] A feather lacking a vane and having a rudimentary rachis and a tuft of non-interlocked barbs with elongated barbules extending from the calamus. + AGRO:00000080 Poultry litter [AGRO:00000080] An animal manure that contains poultry excreta, spilled feed, feathers, and material used as bedding in poultry operations. + ENVO:00002007 Sediment [ENVO:00002007] Sediment is an environmental substance comprised of any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bedor bottom of a body of water or other liquid. + ENVO:00001998 Soil [ENVO:00001998] Soil is an environmental material which is primarily composed of minerals, varying proportions of sand, silt, and clay, organic material such as humus, gases, liquids, and a broad range of resident micro- and macroorganisms. + ENVO:00002259 Agricultural soil [ENVO:00002259] A type of soil used for agriculture that supports the physical, chemical, and biological needs of the desired crop during production. + ENVO:00002261 Forest soil [ENVO:00002261] A portion of soil which is found in a forested area. + ENVO:00003869 Straw [ENVO:00003869] An agricultural byproduct, the dry stalk of a cereal plant, after the nutrient grain or seed has been removed. + FOODON:00004430 Canola straw [FOODON:00004430] A straw of a canola plant (Brassica napus var. napus). + FOODON:03309878 Oat straw [FOODON:03309878] A straw of an oat plant (Avena sativa) + FOODON:00004559 Barley straw [FOODON:00004559] A straw of a barley plant (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) + ENVO:00002044 Sludge [ENVO:00002044] The residual semi-solid material left from domestic or industrial processes, or wastewater treatment processes. + ENVO:00002057 Primary sludge [ENVO:00002057] Sludge generated from the initial processes (i.e., precipitation, sedimentation) of wastewater treatment. + ENVO:00002058 Secondary sludge [ENVO:00002058] Activated waste biomass generated during wastewater treatment. + CHEBI:15377 Water [CHEBI:15377] An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms. + ENVO:00003064 Drinking water [ENVO:00003064] Water which is suitable for consumption by humans + ENVO:01001004 Groundwater [ENVO:01001004] Underground water which is located in pore spaces found in rock or unconsolidated deposits such as soil, clay, or gravel. + ENVO:00002042 Surface water [ENVO:00002042] Water that is found on the surface of an astronomical object. + +anatomical_material menu AnatomicalMaterialMenu UBERON:0000178 Blood [UBERON:0000178] A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes. + UBERON:0006314 Fluid [UBERON:0006314] Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not. + UBERON:0001359 Fluid (cerebrospinal (CSF)) [UBERON:0001359] A clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord. + UBERON:0000173 Fluid (amniotic) [UBERON:0000173] Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. + UBERON:0001836 Saliva [UBERON:0001836] A fluid produced in the oral cavity by salivary glands, typically used in predigestion, but also in other functions. + UBERON:0000479 Tissue [UBERON:0000479] Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organisation. + + +body_product menu BodyProductMenu GENEPIO:0100898 Digestive tract substance [GENEPIO:0100898] Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found in the digestive tract. + GENEPIO:0100899 Caecal content [GENEPIO:0100899] Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found in the cecum + GENEPIO:0100900 Intestinal content [GENEPIO:0100900] Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found in the intestine + GENEPIO:0100901 Stomach content [GENEPIO:0100901] Undigested food material, microbiota, and other materials found in the stomach + UBERON:0001988 Feces [UBERON:0001988] Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus. + GENEPIO:0004512 Fecal composite [GENEPIO:0004512] A mixture of feces obtained from multiple individuals. + GENEPIO:0004513 Feces (fresh) [GENEPIO:0004513] Feces that was recently excreted. + GENEPIO:0004514 Feces (environmental) [GENEPIO:0004514] Feces which is deposited in the environment. + UBERON:0007109 Meconium [UBERON:0007109] A dark greenish mass that accumulates in the bowel during fetal life and is discharged shortly after birth. + UBERON:0001913 Milk [UBERON:0001913] An emulsion of fat globules within a fluid that is secreted by the mammary gland during lactation. + UBERON:0001914 Colostrum [UBERON:0001914] The thin, yellow, serous fluid secreted by the mammary glands during pregnancy and immediately postpartum before lactation begins. It consists of immunologically active substances, white blood cells, water, protein, fat, and carbohydrates. [ MESH : A12.200.194 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colostrum ] + UBERON:0001088 Urine [UBERON:0001088] Excretion that is the output of a kidney. + + +anatomical_part menu AnatomicalPartMenu UBERON:0008979 Carcass [UBERON:0008979] A body of a multi-cellular organism that is no longer living. + FOODON:03311719 Swine carcass [FOODON:03311719] A carcass of a swine. + UBERON:0001007 Digestive system [UBERON:0001007] Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes. + UBERON:0001153 Caecum [UBERON:0001153] pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction. + UBERON:0001155 Colon [UBERON:0001155] A portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum. In mammals, the colon is the most part of the large intestine, excluding the vermiform appendix, the rectum and the anal canal. + UBERON:0006925 Digestive gland [UBERON:0006925] Any gland that is part of the digestive system. + UBERON:0001041 Foregut [UBERON:0001041] Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract. + UBERON:0002110 Gall bladder [UBERON:0002110] An organ that aids digestion and stores bile produced by the liver. + UBERON:0004786 Gastrointestinal system mucosa [UBERON:0004786] A mucosa that is part of a gastrointestinal system. + UBERON:0005052 Gizzard [UBERON:0005052] The muscular enlargement of the alimentary canal that has usually thick muscular walls and a tough horny lining for grinding the food and when the crop is present follows it and the proventriculus. + UBERON:0001046 Hindgut [UBERON:0001046] The caudalmost subdivision of a digestive tract. + UBERON:0000160 Intestine [UBERON:0000160] Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. + UBERON:0002108 Small intestine [UBERON:0002108] Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum. + UBERON:0002114 Duodenum [UBERON:0002114] The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one). + UBERON:0002116 Ileum [UBERON:0002116] The portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon. + UBERON:0002115 Jejunum [UBERON:0002115] The portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum. + UBERON:0000945 Stomach [UBERON:0000945] An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium. + UBERON:0007358 Abomasum [UBERON:0007358] The fourth stomach of ruminating animals, which is an elongated pear-shaped sac lying on the floor of the abdomen, on the right-hand side, and roughly between the seventh and twelfth ribs. It leads to the beginning of the small intestine. + UBERON:0007365 Rumen [UBERON:0007365] The first compartment of the ruminant stomach. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity. + Excretory system (organizational term) An organ or anatomical structure associated with excretion or detoxification of substances in the body. + UBERON:0001245 Anus [UBERON:0001245] Orifice at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. Its function is to expel feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones; food material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose or lignin; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive tract; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts. + UBERON:0011253 Anal gland [UBERON:0011253] A type of gland occurring as solitary or in pairs or groups, near the anus and sometimes opening into the rectum. + UBERON:0000162 Cloaca [UBERON:0000162] Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures. + UBERON:0002107 Liver [UBERON:0002107] An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes + UBERON:0002113 Kidney [UBERON:0002113] A paired organ of the urinary tract which has the production of urine as its primary function. + UBERON:0001052 Rectum [UBERON:0001052] The terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus. + UBERON:0002106 Spleen [UBERON:0002106] The organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets. + UBERON:0001255 Urinary bladder [UBERON:0001255] Distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion. + UBERON:0002387 Foot [UBERON:0002387] The terminal part of the vertebrate leg upon which an individual stands. 2: An invertebrate organ of locomotion or attachment; especially: a ventral muscular surface or process of a mollusk. + UBERON:0000033 Head [UBERON:0000033] The head is the anterior-most division of the body. + UBERON:0000955 Brain [UBERON:0000955] The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell. + UBERON:0001690 Ear [UBERON:0001690] Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals. + UBERON:0000970 Eye [UBERON:0000970] An organ that detects light. + UBERON:0000165 Mouth [UBERON:0000165] The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. In vertebrates, this extends to the pharynx and includes gums, lips, tongue and parts of the palate. Typically also includes the teeth, except where these occur elsewhere (e.g. pharyngeal jaws) or protrude from the mouth (tusks). + UBERON:0000004 Nose [UBERON:0000004] The olfactory organ of vertebrates, consisting of nares, olfactory epithelia and the structures and skeletal framework of the nasal cavity. + UBERON:0035612 Nasal turbinal [UBERON:0035612] A skeletal element of the ethmoid region with complex morphology that are lined with mucuous membranes involved in either olfaction or air conditioning. + UBERON:0001728 Nasopharynx (NP) [UBERON:0001728] The section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate. + UBERON:0002109 Pair of nares [UBERON:0002109] Pair of nostrils. + UBERON:0001825 Paranasal sinus [UBERON:0001825] The paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity. + UBERON:0006333 Snout [UBERON:0006333] The projecting nose and mouth of an animal, especially a mammal. + UBERON:0006558 Lymphatic system [UBERON:0006558] An organ system subdivision that is a network of vessels capable of removing accumulating protein and fluid from the interstitial space and returning it to the vascular space. In some species, this network is connected to the immune system via lymph nodes and lymphocyte-producing organs, with the whole being the lymphoid system. + UBERON:0000029 Lymph node [UBERON:0000029] Any of the rounded masses of lymphoid tissue that are surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue, are distributed along the lymphatic vessels, and contain numerous lymphocytes which filter the flow of lymph. + UBERON:0002509 Mesenteric lymph node [UBERON:0002509] The lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group. + GENEPIO:0100927 Mantle (bird) [GENEPIO:0100927] The forward area of a bird's upper side that is sandwiched between the nape and the start of the back. + UBERON:0000974 Neck [UBERON:0000974] An organism subdivision that extends from the head to the pectoral girdle, encompassing the cervical vertebral column. + UBERON:0001043 Esophagus [UBERON:0001043] Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation. + UBERON:0003126 Trachea [UBERON:0003126] The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches. + UBERON:0001021 Nerve [UBERON:0001021] An enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system originating in a nerve root in the central nervous system (or a condensed nervous structure) connecting with peripheral structures. + UBERON:0002240 Spinal cord [UBERON:0002240] Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal. + GENEPIO:0001117 Organs or organ parts [GENEPIO:0001117] An object aggregate which has as members whole organs or parts of organs, possibly from different organisms. + UBERON:0000062 Organ [UBERON:0000062] Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions + UBERON:0001630 Muscle organ [UBERON:0001630] Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work. + UBERON:0002097 Skin of body [UBERON:0002097] The organ covering the body that consists of the dermis and epidermis. + UBERON:0000990 Reproductive system [UBERON:0000990] Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction. + UBERON:0000922 Embryo [UBERON:0000922] Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant. + UBERON:0000323 Fetus [UBERON:0000323] An embryo that is at the late embryonic stage; this stage covers late steps of the embryogenesis with a fully formed embryo still developing before birth or egg hatching + UBERON:0000992 Ovary [UBERON:0000992] The gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells. + UBERON:0000993 Oviduct [UBERON:0000993] A tube or collection of tubes in an animal from the ovaries to the outside of the body. + UBERON:0001987 Placenta [UBERON:0001987] Organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell. + UBERON:0000473 Testis [UBERON:0000473] A gonad of a male animal. A gonad produces and releases sperm. + UBERON:0013216 Udder [UBERON:0013216] A large pendulous organ consisting of two or more mammary glands enclosed in a common envelope and each provided with a single nipple. + UBERON:0000995 Uterus [UBERON:0000995] The female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth. + UBERON:0000996 Vagina [UBERON:0000996] A fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles + UBERON:0001040 Yolk sac [UBERON:0001040] A sac-like expansion of the ventral wall of the intestine, narrowed into a yolk stalk near the body[Hyman's]. Membranous sac attached to an embryo, providing early nourishment in the form of yolk in bony fishes, sharks, reptiles, birds, and primitive mammals. It functions as the developmental circulatory system of the human embryo, before internal circulation begins. In the mouse, the yolk sac is the first site of blood formation, generating primitive macrophages and erythrocytes. + UBERON:0001004 Respiratory system [UBERON:0001004] Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration. + UBERON:0009060 Air sac [UBERON:0009060] Any of the membranous air-filled extensions of the lungs of birds, which increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the lungs. + UBERON:0002048 Lung [UBERON:0002048] Respiration organ that develops as an outpocketing of the esophagus + UBERON:0000977 Pleura [UBERON:0000977] The invaginated serous membrane that surrounds the lungs (the visceral portion) and lines the walls of the pleural cavity (parietal portion). + UBERON:0004785 Respiratory system mucosa [UBERON:0004785] The mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract. + UBERON:0001434 Skeletal system [UBERON:0001434] Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system. + UBERON:0000982 Skeletal joint [UBERON:0000982] Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue. + UBERON:0001474 Bone element [UBERON:0001474] Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue. + UBERON:0000915 Thoracic segment of trunk [UBERON:0000915] Subdivision of trunk that lies between the head and the abdomen. + UBERON:0000916 Abdomen [UBERON:0000916] The subdivision of the vertebrate body between the thorax and pelvis. The ventral part of the abdomen contains the abdominal cavity and visceral organs. The dorsal part includes the abdominal section of the vertebral column. + UBERON:0002378 Muscle of abdomen [UBERON:0002378] Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external oblique, rectus abdominis. + UBERON:0002358 Peritoneum [UBERON:0002358] Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external oblique, rectus abdominis. + UBERON:0007798 Vascular system [UBERON:0007798] Anatomical system that consists of all blood and lymph vessels. + UBERON:0001981 Blood vessel [UBERON:0001981] A vessel through which blood circulates in the body. + UBERON:0003903 Bursa of Fabricius [UBERON:0003903] An epithelial and lymphoid organ that develops as a dorsal diverticulum of the proctodeal region of the cloaca in birds. The luminal (interior) surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary plicae or folds. These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during ontogeny. In the bursa, these stem cells acquire the characteristics of mature, immunocompetent B cells. The bursa is an organ found in birds involved in B cell differentiation. + UBERON:0002535 Gill [UBERON:0002535] Anatomical surface structure found in many aquatic organisms. It is a respiration organ whose function is the extraction of oxygen from water and the excretion of carbon dioxide. The microscopic structure of a gill is such that it presents a very large surface area to the external environment. Gills usually consist of thin filaments of tissue, branches, or slender tufted processes which have a highly folded surface to increase surface area. A high surface area is crucial to the gas exchange of aquatic organisms as water contains only 1/20 parts dissolved Oxygen compared to air. With the exception of some aquatic insects, the filaments and lamellae (folds) contain blood or coelomic fluid, from which gases are exchanged through the thin walls. Oxygen is carried by the blood to other parts of the body. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood through the thin gill tissue into the water. Gills or gill-like organs, located in different parts of the body, are found in various groups of aquatic animals, including mollusks, crustaceans, insects, fish, and amphibians. [ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gill ] + UBERON:0000948 Heart [UBERON:0000948] A myogenic muscular circulatory organ found in the vertebrate cardiovascular system composed of chambers of cardiac muscle. It is the primary circulatory organ. + UBERON:0002048 Lung [UBERON:0002048] Respiration organ that develops as an outpocketing of the esophagus + UBERON:0002407 Pericardium [UBERON:0002407] The combination of pericardial sac (a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels) plus fibrous pericardium. + UBERON:2000298 Vent (anatomical) [UBERON:2000298] The external opening of the rectum or cloaca. + UBERON:0012464 Bird vent [UBERON:0012464] The opening of the cloacal chamber to the outside of the organism. Birds maintain a single cloacal opening throughout their lives. [ http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165 ] + GENEPIO:0100902 Fish vent [GENEPIO:0100902] The external opening which opens to the reproductive and digestive tracts of the fish. During spawning, the vent serves as an outlet for eggs and sperm. In most fishes, the vent is in front of the anal fin. + +food_product menu FoodProductMenu ENVO:02000047 Animal feed [ENVO:02000047] Food material which can be used to meet nutritional requirements of animals, particularly livestock such as cattle, goats, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs. + FOODON:00001564 Blood meal [FOODON:00001564] Blood meal is a dry, inert powder made from blood used as a high-nitrogen organic fertilizer and a high protein animal feed. + ENVO:02000054 Bone meal [ENVO:02000054] A mixture of crushed and coarsely ground bones that is used as an organic fertilizer for plants and formerly in animal feed. + FOODON:00004310 Brassica carinata meal [FOODON:00004310] A meal that is a co-product produced after the extraction of oil from the seed of the Ethiopian mustard plant (Brassica carinata). + FOODON:00002694 Canola meal [FOODON:00002694] Canola meal is an oilseed meal made from canola grain. Canola meal is a by-product of the oil crushing process. + FOODON:00004323 Compound feed premix [FOODON:00004323] A formula mixture of micronutrients that is used as a component in compound feed. + FOODON:00004324 Compound feed premix (medicated) [FOODON:00004324] A compound feed premix in which medicinal substance has been added. + FOODON:00003927 Feather meal [FOODON:00003927] A by product of processing poultry which is made from poultry feathers by partially grinding them under elevated heat and pressure, and then grinding and drying. + FOODON:03301620 Fish meal [FOODON:03301620] Fish meal is primarily used as a protein supplement in compound feed. As of 2010, about 56% of fish meal was used to feed farmed fish, about 20% was used in pig feed, about 12% in poultry feed, and about 12% in other uses, which included fertilizer. + FOODON:00004286 Lay ration [FOODON:00004286] Food formulated for the laying hens to increase egg production and egg shell quality. + FOODON:00002738 Meat and bone meal [FOODON:00002738] Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a product of the rendering industry. It is typically about 48–52% protein, 33–35% ash, 8–12% fat, and 4–7% water. It is primarily used in the formulation of animal feed to improve the amino acid profile of the feed. + FOODON:00004282 Meat meal [FOODON:00004282] A meal that is obtained by cooking, defatting, sterilizing, grinding, and sifting by-products of an animal. + FOODON:00002682 Pet food [FOODON:00002682] Pet food is plant or animal material intended for consumption by pets. + FOODON:03302757 Soybean meal [FOODON:03302757] A type of ground protein-rich residue from the production of soybean oil used chiefly in animal feeds, in adhesives and plastics, in making synthetic protein fibers, and in fermentation media (as for the production of antibiotics). + FOODON:00004322 Animal feed ingredient [FOODON:00004322] An ingredient that is used in the preparation of animal feed. + FOODON:00001256 Dairy food product [FOODON:00001256] A dairy food product has mammilian milk or a milk component as an ingredient. + FOODON:03000287 Cheese block (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000287] A whole cheese block or some substance made from a block of processed cheese. + FOODON:03310016 Cow skim milk (powdered) [FOODON:03310016] Milk powder that is obtained by removing all of the water from pasteurized skim milk. + UBERON:0001913 Milk [UBERON:0001913] An emulsion of fat globules within a fluid that is secreted by the mammary gland during lactation. + FOODON:03401298 Dietary supplement [FOODON:03401298] Index dietary/food supplements according to legal and market definitions. + FOODON:03420194 Egg or egg component [FOODON:03420194] Poultry, game bird or turtle eggs. + FOODON:03302184 Balut [FOODON:03302184] A fertilized developing egg embryo that is boiled and eaten from the shell. + UBERON:0007378 Egg yolk [UBERON:0007378] The yellow spheroidal mass of stored food that forms the inner portion of the egg of a bird or reptile and is surrounded by the white. + FOODON:03000414 Poultry egg [FOODON:03000414] A food product consisting mainly of poultry eggs or derivatives. + FOODON:03316061 Hen egg (whole) [FOODON:03316061] An egg produced by a chicken hen. + FOODON:03000415 Poultry egg (whole, shell on) [FOODON:03000415] A whole egg with a shell from poultry. + FOODON:00004130 Food mixture [FOODON:00004130] A mixture of two or more separate food components + FOODON:00001871 Food product analog (food subsitute) [FOODON:00001871] A type of food substance used as a replacement for another type of food that looks and behaves similarly e.g. imitation crab meant, almond milk. + FOODON:03305408 Milk substitute [FOODON:03305408] An edible substance that resembles milk. + FOODON:03317170 Meat (whole or parts) [FOODON:03317170] A meat product is a product organized by the form of - or processing done to - its meat component (a skeletal meat part of an animal or crustacean). + FOODON:00003001 Cutlet [FOODON:00003001] A thin slice of meat from the leg or ribs of veal, pork, chicken, or mutton. + FOODON:03530144 Filet [FOODON:03530144] A boneless cut or slice of meat or fish. + FOODON:03309772 Liver (whole, raw) [FOODON:03309772] A whole raw liver is a whole liver organ obtained from an animal during a butchery process. + FOODON:03309475 Meat trim [FOODON:03309475] A meat part that has been cut from a large piece of meat and is too small to be sold individually. + FOODON:03530023 Rib (meat cut) [FOODON:03530023] The joined section of meat and bone cut from the ribs of an animal. + FOODON:00004290 Rib chop [FOODON:00004290] A cut of meat that comes from the rib section of an animal. + FOODON:03530043 Shoulder (meat cut) [FOODON:03530043] A boneless cut of meat from the area where the clod meets the edge of the pectoral muscle in an animal. + Grains, cereals, and bakery product (organizational term) A food product consisting of grains and/or cereals. + FOODON:03000288 Bread loaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000288] A whole bread loaf or some substance made from a loaf of processed bread. + FOODON:03311075 Breakfast cereal [FOODON:03311075] Breakfast food that is made from processed cereal grains and is often consumed with dairy products such as milk. + FOODON:03309390 Bulk grain [FOODON:03309390] A large quantity of grain without any retail packaging. + FOODON:00003429 Oat grain [FOODON:00003429] A caryopsis fruit of an oat plant (Avena sativa). + FOODON:00001264 Legume food product [FOODON:00001264] A one-celled fruit (pod) usually dehiscing down both sutures, and having the seed attached along a ventral suture. + FOODON:03306811 Chickpea (whole) [FOODON:03306811] A seed of a chickpea plant (Cicer arietinum). + FOODON:00003049 Hummus [FOODON:00003049] Hummus is a Levantine dip or spread made from cooked, mashed chickpeas or other beans, blended with tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt, and garlic. + FOODON:03000245 Soybean (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000245] A whole soybean or some substance made from a processed soybean. + Meat, poultry and fish (organizational term) A food product that consists of some meat, poultry or fish. + FOODON:00001282 Beef (ground or minced) [FOODON:00001282] A ground beef product is made of beef that has been finely chopped with a knife or a meat grinder (American English) or mincing machine (British English). Ground beef is used in many recipes including hamburgers and spaghetti Bolognese. + FOODON:0001282 Beef (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:0001282] Ground or minced beef that has had no bone material in it. + FOODON:02000426 Beef (ground, extra lean) [FOODON:02000426] A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced beef. + FOODON:02000425 Beef (ground, lean) [FOODON:02000425] A food product made of lean, ground or minced beef. + FOODON:02000427 Beef (ground, medium) [FOODON:02000427] A food product made of medium, ground or minced beef. + FOODON:02000428 Beef (ground, regular) [FOODON:02000428] A food product made of regular, ground or minced beef. + FOODON:02000429 Beef (ground, sirloin) [FOODON:02000429] Ground or minced beef that comes from the sirloin region. + FOODON:00002737 Beef hamburger (dish) [FOODON:00002737] A hamburger (short: burger) is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun. The patty may be pan fried, grilled, or flame broiled. + FOODON:02000069 Beef shoulder [FOODON:02000069] The primal cut of beef taken from the shoulder region. + FOODON:03000387 Beef shoulder chop [FOODON:03000387] Meat chop from the shoulder region of beef. + FOODON:03000389 Beef sirloin chop [FOODON:03000389] Meat chop from the sirloin region of beef + FOODON:00004288 Beef stew chunk [FOODON:00004288] A chunk of beef used as an ingredient in making stew. + FOODON:00003302 Beef tenderloin [FOODON:00003302] A cut of beef corresponding to the psoas major muscle, which is very tender. + FOODON:02000412 Beef (pieces) [FOODON:02000412] A whole cut of beef or some substance made from processed beef. + FOODON:03530020 Brisket [FOODON:03530020] A cut of meat from the breast or lower chest of beef or veal. + FOODON:00002703 Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] Chicken breast consists mainly of the breast meat portion of a chicken, and may or may not include connected bone (boneless versus "with bone") and skin. + FOODON:03000385 Chicken breast (back off) [FOODON:03000385] A chicken breast with its backbone removed. + FOODON:02020231 Chicken breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020231] A chicken breast after the skin has been removed. + FOODON:02020233 Chicken breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020233] A chicken breast that still contains the skin. + FOODON:02020235 Chicken breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020235] A chicken breast that has had skin and bone material removed. + FOODON:00004308 Chicken breast cutlet [FOODON:00004308] A cutlet made from chicken breast. + FOODON:00002716 Chicken drumstick [FOODON:00002716] The segment of a chicken's leg between the thigh and tarsus (ankle). + FOODON:02020237 Chicken drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020237] A chicken drumstick after the skin has been removed. + FOODON:02020239 Chicken drumstick(with skin) [FOODON:02020239] A chicken drumstick that still contains the skin. + FOODON:00004239 Chicken meat [FOODON:00001040] Meat from a chicken + FOODON:03311826 Chicken meat (ground) [FOODON:02020311] A food product made of ground or minced chicken meat. + FOODON:03000392 Chicken meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000392] A food product made of lean, ground or minced chicken meat. + FOODON:03000396 Chicken meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000396] A food product made of extra lean, ground or minced chicken meat. + FOODON:03000400 Chicken meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000400] A food product made of medium, ground or minced chicken meat. + FOODON:03000404 Chicken meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000404] A food product made of regular, ground or minced chicken meat. + FOODON:02020311 Chicken meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000410] Ground or minced chicken meat that has had no bone material in it. + FOODON:00002672 Chicken nugget [FOODON:00002672] A chicken nugget is a chicken product made from chicken meat that is breaded or battered, then deep-fried or baked. + FOODON:02020219 Chicken thigh [FOODON:02020219] A whole thigh that derives from a chicken. + FOODON:00003331 Chicken thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003331] A chicken thigh after the skin has been removed. + FOODON:02020227 Chicken thigh (skinless, with bone) [FOODON:02020227] A chicken thigh that is skinless and contains bone element. + FOODON:02020228 Chicken thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020228] A chicken thigh that has had skin and bone material removed. + FOODON:03000381 Chicken upper thigh [FOODON:03000381] Meat from the upper thigh of a chicken. + FOODON:03000383 Chicken upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000383] A chicken upper thigh that contains the skin. + FOODON:00003330 Chicken thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003330] A chicken thigh that contains skin. + FOODON:00003363 Chicken thigh (with skin, with bone) [FOODON:00003363] A chicken thigh that contains skin and bone material. + FOODON:00002674 Chicken wing [FOODON:00002674] A whole wing that derives from a chicken. + FOODON:00001248 Fish food product [FOODON:00001248] A fish food product includes products made from any fish species (aquatic vertebrate with gills and fins). + FOODON:00002986 Fish steak [FOODON:00002986] A fish steak, alternatively known as a fish cutlet, is a cut of fish which is cut perpendicular to the spine and can either include the bones or be boneless. + FOODON:00002502 Ham food product [FOODON:00002502] Ham is pork from a leg cut that has been preserved by wet or dry curing, with or without smoking. As a processed meat, the term "ham" includes both whole cuts of meat and ones that have been mechanically formed. + FOODON:03315658 Head cheese [FOODON:03315658] Head cheese is a cold cut that originated in Europe. Head cheese is not a dairy cheese, but a terrine or meat jelly made with flesh from the head of a calf or pig, or less commonly a sheep or cow, and often set in aspic. A version pickled with vinegar is known as souse. + FOODON:03411669 Lamb [FOODON:03411669] A whole lamb or some material processed from a lamb. + FOODON:00004285 Meat strip [FOODON:00004285] A cut of meat which is long, narrow and boneless. + FOODON:00002912 Mutton [FOODON:00002912] The meat of an adult sheep is mutton, a term only used for the meat, not the living animals. + FOODON:00001049 Pork chop [FOODON:00001049] A cut of meat (a meat chop) cut perpendicularly to the spine of the pig and usually containing a rib or part of a vertebra, served as an individual portion. + FOODON:03309969 pork meat (ground) [FOODON:02021718] Meat from a pig that has been ground or minced. + FOODON:02021718 Pork meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000413] Ground or minced pork meat that has had no bone material in it. + FOODON:03000399 Pork meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000399] A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced pork meat. + FOODON:03000395 Pork meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000395] A food product made of lean, ground or minced pork meat. + FOODON:03000403 Pork meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000403] A food product made of medium, ground or minced pork meat. + FOODON:03000407 Pork meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000407] A food product made of regular, ground or minced pork meat. + FOODON:03000409 Pork meat (ground or minced, Sirloin) [FOODON:03000409] Ground or minced pork meat that comes from the sirloin region. + FOODON:02000322 Pork shoulder [FOODON:02000322] The primal cut from a pig’s shoulder, above the forelegs. + FOODON:03000388 Pork shoulder chop [FOODON:03000388] Meat chop from the blade roast of pork. + FOODON:02000300 Pork sirloin chop [FOODON:02000300] Pork chop from the sirloin region. + FOODON:02021757 Pork steak [FOODON:02021757] Pork steaks are steaks cut from the shoulder of the pig. + FOODON:02000306 Pork tenderloin [FOODON:02000306] A cut of pork corresponding to the psoas major muscle which is very tender. + FOODON:03315883 Poultry meat [FOODON:03315883] Any meat from one or more poultry birds. + FOODON:03530159 Leg (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530159] The leg cut of a poultry bird. + FOODON:00003469 Poultry drumstick [FOODON:00003469] The calf part of a poultry hindleg (hindlimb zeugopod) + FOODON:03530294 Neck (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530294] The neck cut of a poultry bird. + FOODON:03530160 Thigh (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530160] The thigh cut of a poultry bird. + FOODON:03530157 Wing (poultry meat cut) [FOODON:03530157] The wing cut of a poultry bird. + FOODON:03315904 Sausage (whole) [FOODON:03315904] A food product that is highly seasoned minced meat and is encased in a skin in the shape of a cylinder. + FOODON:03311003 Pepperoni [FOODON:03311003] A highly seasoned and spicy beef or pork sausage. + FOODON:03312067 Salami [FOODON:03312067] A cured sausage which consists of fermented and air-dried meat, typically pork. + FOODON:03411433 Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] The term shellfish is used both broadly and specifically. For regulatory purposes it is often narrowly defined as filter-feeding molluscs such as clams, mussels, and oyster to the exclusion of crustaceans and all else. Although their shells may differ, all shellfish are invertebrates. + FOODON:03411223 Mussel [FOODON:03411223] Mussel is the common name used for members of several families of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and freshwater habitats. These groups have in common a shell whose outline is elongated and asymmetrical compared with other edible clams, which are often more or less rounded or oval. + FOODON:03411224 Oyster [FOODON:03411224] Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. True oysters are members of the family *Ostreidae*. This family includes the edible oysters, which mainly belong to the genera *Ostrea, Crassostrea, Ostreola, Magallana, Saccostrea*. Pearl oysters are not closely related to true oysters, being members of a distinct family, the feathered oysters (*Pteriidae*). + FOODON:03301673 Shrimp [FOODON:03301673] A whole shrimp or some material processed from a shrimp. + FOODON:02020805 Scallop [FOODON:02020805] Scallop is a common name that is primarily applied to any one of numerous species of saltwater clams or marine bivalve mollusks in the taxonomic family Pectinidae, the scallops. However, the common name "scallop" is also sometimes applied to species in other closely related families within the superfamily Pectinoidea, which also includes the thorny oysters. + FOODON:03411205 Squid [FOODON:03411205] A squid is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder Decapodiformes. + FOODON:00002690 Turkey breast [FOODON:00002690] Turkey breast consists mainly of the breast meat portion of a turkey, and may or may not include connected bone ("deboned or boneless versus bone-in") and skin. + FOODON:03000386 Turkey breast (back off) [FOODON:03000386] A turkey breast with its backbone removed. + FOODON:02020495 Turkey breast (skinless) [FOODON:02020495] A turkey breast after the skin has been removed. + FOODON:02020499 Turkey breast (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020499] A turkey breast that has had skin and bone material removed. + FOODON:02020497 Turkey breast (with skin) [FOODON:02020497] A turkey breast that still contains the skin. + FOODON:02020477 Turkey drumstick [FOODON:02020477] Meat from the lower joint of the leg of a turkey. + FOODON:02020501 Turkey drumstick (skinless) [FOODON:02020501] A turkey drumstick after the skin has been removed. + FOODON:02020503 Turkey drumstick (with skin) [FOODON:02020503] A turkey drumstick that still contains the skin. + FOODON:00001286 Turkey meat [FOODON:00001286] A turkey meat food product is any food product made predominantly of turkey parts. + FOODON:00002714 Turkey meat (ground) [FOODON:02020577] A food product made of ground or minced turkey meat. + FOODON:03000393 Turkey meat (ground or minced, lean) [FOODON:03000393] A food product made of lean, ground or minced turkey meat. + FOODON:03000397 Turkey meat (ground or minced, extra lean) [FOODON:03000397] A food product made of extra-lean, ground or minced turkey meat. + FOODON:03000401 Turkey meat (ground or minced, medium) [FOODON:03000401] A food product made of medium, ground or minced turkey meat. + FOODON:03000405 Turkey meat (ground or minced, regular) [FOODON:03000405] A food product made of regular, ground or minced turkey meat. + FOODON:02020577 Turkey meat (ground or minced, boneless) [FOODON:03000411] Ground or minced turkey meat that has had no bone material in it. + FOODON:00003325 Turkey thigh [FOODON:00003325] A thigh poultry cut of turkey. + FOODON:00003329 Turkey thigh (skinless) [FOODON:00003329] A turkey thigh after the skin has been removed. + FOODON:02020491 Turkey thigh (skinless, boneless) [FOODON:02020491] A turkey thigh that has had skin and bone material removed. + FOODON:00003328 Turkey thigh (with skin) [FOODON:00003328] A turkey thigh that still contains the skin. + FOODON:03000382 Turkey upper thigh [FOODON:03000382] Meat from the upper thigh of a turkey. + FOODON:03000384 Turkey upper thigh (with skin) [FOODON:03000384] Turkey's upper thigh that contains the skin. + FOODON:02020478 Turkey wing [FOODON:02020478] The wing of a turkey. + FOODON:00003083 Veal [FOODON:00003083] Veal is the meat of calves, in contrast to the beef from older cattle. Veal can be produced from a calf of either sex and any breed; however, most veal comes from young males of dairy breeds which are not used for breeding. + FOODON:000039111 Formula fed veal [FOODON:000039111] Meat of a calf that is raised on a fortified milk formula diet and solid feed. + FOODON:00004280 Grain-fed veal [FOODON:00004280] Meat from a calf that is raised on grain, hay, or other solid food, in addition to milk + FOODON:00001145 Microbial food product [FOODON:00001145] A food product derived from one or more microorganisms including bacteria, mold, and yeast. + FOODON:03411345 Yeast [FOODON:03411345] Yeasts are eukaryotic micro-organisms classified in the kingdom *Fungi*, with 1,500 species currently described estimated to be only 1% of all fungal species. + Nuts and seed products A food product derived from nuts and seeds, either whole or in parts. + FOODON:03000218 Almond (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000218] A whole almond or some substance made from a processed almond. + FOODON:00003523 Almond (whole) [FOODON:00003523] A drupe fruit of an almond plant (Prunus dulcis). + FOODON:00003394 Barley seed [FOODON:00003394] A caryopsis fruit of a barley plant (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare). + FOODON:00004560 Canola seed [FOODON:00004560] A seed of a canola plant. + FOODON:00003925 Chia seed powder [FOODON:00003925] A powder made from chia seeds. + FOODON:03000241 Chia seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000241] A whole chia seed or some substance made from a processed chia seed. + FOODON:00004276 Flaxseed powder [FOODON:00004276] A powder that is prepared by grinding flax seeds. + FOODON:00002933 Hazelnut [FOODON:00002933] The hazelnut is the nut of the hazel and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. It also is known as cobnut or filbert nut according to species. + FOODON:03306632 Nut (whole or part) [FOODON:03306632] A whole nut or some substance made from a processed nut. + FOODON:03306867 Peanut butter [FOODON:03306867] A food paste or spread made from ground, dry-roasted peanuts. + FOODON:03310306 Sesame seed [FOODON:03310306] A seed of a sesame plant (Sesamum indicum). + FOODON:00003855 Tahini [FOODON:00003855] A condiment made from toasted ground hulled sesame. + FOODON:03316466 Walnut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03316466] A whole walnut or some substance made from a processed walnut. + FOODON:00001180 Prepared food product [FOODON:00001180] Food product that is 1) ready or nearly ready for consumption; 2) usually a composite of several foods or ingredients that often belong to distinct product types; 3) usually formulated, mixed and partially or fully cooked. + FOODON:03315708 Condiment [FOODON:03315708] A substance such as a sauce or powder that is used to add flavor to food e.g. ketchup. + FOODON:00001149 Confectionery food product [FOODON:00001149] Food items that are rich in sugar, any one or type of which is called a confection. Modern usage may include substances rich in artificial sweeteners as well. + FOODON:03315013 Snack food [FOODON:03315013] A snack is a small portion of food and generally eaten between meals. + FOODON:03305145 Produce [FOODON:03305145] A type of farm-produced crop or crops, usually fruits and vegetables, which are fresh and generally in the same state as where and when they were harvested. + FOODON:03310788 Apple (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310788] An apple, whole or in pieces, for eating, baking or other food processing. + FOODON:00002473 Apple (whole) [FOODON:00002473] A pome fruit of an apple tree (Malus domestica). + FOODON:00003643 Arugula greens bunch [FOODON:00003643] Arugula, (Eruca sativa) is an edible annual plant, also known as rocket salad, rucola, rucoli, rugula, colewort, and roquette. + FOODON:00003600 Avocado [FOODON:00003600] A whole avocado or some substance made from processed avocado. + FOODON:03000243 Cantaloupe (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000243] A whole cantaloupe or some substance made from a processed cantaloupe. + FOODON:00003744 Chilli pepper [FOODON:00003744] The chili pepper is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum which are members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. + FOODON:03309861 Coconut (whole or parts) [FOODON:03309861] A whole coconut or some substance made from a processed coconut. + FOODON:00003856 Coconut meat [FOODON:00003856] The white, fleshy part of a coconut. + FOODON:03310791 Corn cob (whole or parts) [FOODON:03310791] A whole corn cob or some substance made from one or more processed corn cob. + FOODON:03000229 Cucumber (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000229] A whole cucumber or some substance made from a processed cucumber. + PO:0009001 Fruit [PO:0009001] A multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) that develops from a gynoecium (PO:0009062), or a single carpel (PO:0009030), and at maturity may have as parts one or more seeds + FOODON:00004360 Goji berry [FOODON:00004360] A whole goji berry or some substance made from the processed goji berry. + FOODON:03310765 Greens (raw) [FOODON:03310765] A plant leaf vegetable food product which is a bunch of raw leaves. + FOODON:03000236 Kale leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000236] A whole kale leaf or some substance made from a processed kale leaf. + FOODON:00004367 Karela (bitter melon) [FOODON:00004367] A melon food product from the Momordica charantia, a tropical and subtropical vine of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean + FOODON:03000239 Lettuce head (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000239] A whole lettuce head or some substance made from a processed lettuce head. + FOODON:03000217 Mango (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000217] A whole mango or some substance made from a processed mango. + FOODON:00003528 Mushroom (fruitbody) [FOODON:00003528] A fruitbody of a mushroom. + FOODON:03000228 Papaya (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000228] Whole papaya or some substance made from processed papaya. + FOODON:03000232 Pattypan squash (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000232] A whole pattypan squash or some substance made from a processed pattypan squash. + FOODON:00002485 Peach [FOODON:00002485] A whole peach or some substance made from processed peach. + FOODON:03000249 Pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000249] A whole pepper or some substance made from processed pepper. + FOODON:03315354 Potato [FOODON:03315354] A whole potato or some substance made from processed potato. + FOODON:03316042 Salad [FOODON:03316042] A cold dish of various mixtures of raw or cooked vegetables, usually seasoned with oil, vinegar, or other dressing and sometimes accompanied by meat, fish, or other ingredients. + FOODON:03000250 Scallion (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000250] A whole scallion or some substance made from a processed scallion. + FOODON:03000221 Spinach (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000221] Whole spinach or some substance made from processed spinach. + FOODON:03420183 Sprout [FOODON:03420183] A young plant growing from a seed; may have small leaves. The endosperm is diminished or removed. + FOODON:03420102 Germinated or sprouted seed [FOODON:03420102] A seed which has germinated and put out shoots. + FOODON:00002670 Alfalfa sprout [FOODON:00002670] A sprout from an alfalfa seed. + FOODON:00002576 Bean sprout [FOODON:00002576] A bean sprout is a germinated bean to be eaten raw or cooked + FOODON:03000180 Chia sprout [FOODON:03000180] A sprouted chia seed. + FOODON:03000182 Mixed sprouts [FOODON:03000182] A food product made from more than one sprouted seed. + FOODON:03301446 Mung bean sprout [FOODON:03301446] A germinated or sprouted seed of a mung bean plant (Vigna radiata). + FOODON:00002318 Tomato (whole or pieces) [FOODON:00002318] A whole tomato or some substance made from a processed tomato. + FOODON:03315308 Vegetable (whole or parts) [FOODON:03315308] A whole vegetable or some substance made from a processed vegetable. + FOODON:00001242 Spice or herb [FOODON:00001242] A vegetable product such as leaves, flowers, seeds and roots that is rich in essential oils and aromatic principles. Used mainly a a condiment. + FOODON:03000233 Basil (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000233] Whole basil or some substance made from processed basil. + FOODON:03000242 Black pepper (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000242] A whole black pepper or some substance made from processed black pepper. + FOODON:03000246 Cardamom (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000246] A whole cardamom or some substance made from a processed cardamom. + FOODON:03000240 Chive leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000240] A whole chive leaf or some substance made from a processed chive leaf. + FOODON:00004274 Coriander powder [FOODON:00004274] A powder that is prepared by grinding coriander seeds. + FOODON:03000224 Coriander seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000224] A whole coriander seed or some substance made from a processed coriander seed. + FOODON:00004275 Cumin powder [FOODON:00004275] A powder that is prepared by grinding cumin seeds. + FOODON:00003396 Cumin seed (whole) [FOODON:00003396] A seed of a cumin plant (Cuminum cyminum). + FOODON:03000247 Black cumin seed (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000247] Whole black cumin seed or some substance made from a processed black cumin seed. + FOODON:03000225 Curry leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000225] A whole curry leaf or some substance made from a processed curry leaf. + FOODON:03301842 Curry powder [FOODON:03301842] A mixture of finely ground spices, such as turmeric, ginger, and coriander, used for making curry. + FOODON:00004307 Dill spice [FOODON:00004307] The aromatic foliage and seeds of dill (usually Anethum graveolens) which are used in flavoring foods and especially pickles. + FOODON:03000244 Fennel (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000244] Whole fennel or some substance made from processed fennel. + FOODON:03301844 Garlic powder [FOODON:03301844] A spice derived from grounding dehydrated garlic into a powder. + FOODON:03000220 Ginger root (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000220] A whole ginger root or some substance made from a processed ginger root. + FOODON:03000238 Mint leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000238] A whole mint leaf or some substance made from a processed mint leaf. + FOODON:03000226 Oregano (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000226] A whole oregano leaf or some substance made from a processed oregano leaf. + FOODON:03301223 Paprika (ground) [FOODON:03301223] A powdered spice with a deep orange-red color and a mildly pungent flavor, made from the dried and ground fruits of certain varieties of pepper. + FOODON:03000231 Parsley leaf (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000231] A whole parsley leaf or some substance made from a processed parsley leaf. + FOODON:03301526 Pepper (ground) [FOODON:03301526] A spice derived from grounding dried peppercorns usually obtained from the flowering vine of the species Piper nigrum. + FOODON:00004277 Rasam powder [FOODON:00004277] A traditional south Indian condiment made with roasted lentils, whole spices and fresh herbs. + FOODON:03301560 Sage [FOODON:03301560] A leaf of a sage plant (Salvia officinalis). + FOODON:03310841 Turmeric (ground) [FOODON:03310841] A spice that is bright yellow in colour spice that is made by grounding the dried root of the ginger plant Curcuma longa. + FOODON:03303380 Spice [FOODON:03303380] An aromatic or pungent vegetable substance used to flavor food, e.g. cloves, pepper, or cumin. + FOODON:03000251 White peppercorn (whole or parts) [FOODON:03000251] A whole white peppercorn or some substance made from a processed white peppercorn. + +food_product_properties menu FoodProductPropertiesMenu FOODON:00002418 Food (canned) [FOODON:00002418] A food material stored in a metal can. + FOODON:00001181 Food (cooked) [FOODON:00001181] A food material that has been prepared by heating. + FOODON:00004291 Food (cut) [FOODON:00004291] A food state quality in which the food has undergone a process of being cut into smaller pieces, chunks or slices. + FOODON:00002777 Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777] Food material chopped into roughly bite-sized pieces. + FOODON:00004555 Food (chunks) [FOODON:00004555] Solid food that has been cut into short, thick pieces. + FOODON:00004278 Food (cubed) [FOODON:00004278] Solid food that is divided into uniformly box-shaped pieces with all sides equal. + FOODON:00004549 Food (diced) [FOODON:00004549] Solid food that has been cut into small cubes using a dicing culinary technique. + FOODON:00004552 Food (grated) [FOODON:00004552] Solid food that has been scrated across a grater to create small pieces. + FOODON:00002455 Food (sliced) [FOODON:00002455] Solid food that is divided into uniformly thin pieces. + FOODON:00004553 Food (shredded) [FOODON:00004553] Solid food that has been scraped across or through a shredding surface to make strips. + FOODON:03307539 Food (dried) [FOODON:03307539] A food material preserved by the process of dehydration or drying. + FOODON:00002457 Food (fresh) [FOODON:00002457] Fresh food is food that has not been subjected to food preservation processes (including freezing) that alter its harvested state significantly. + FOODON:03302148 Food (frozen) [FOODON:03302148] A food material stored below its freezing point. + FOODON:00004554 Food (pulped) [FOODON:00004554] Solid food that has softened by pressure and any resulting liquid has been removed. + FOODON:03311126 Food (raw) [FOODON:03311126] A food material that has not been cooked. + FOODON:00004287 Food (unseasoned) [FOODON:00004287] A food product which does not have any seasoning applied to it. + FOODON:00004321 Italian-style food product [FOODON:00004321] A food product which is prepared in an Italian cooking style. + FOODON:00003467 Meat (boneless) [FOODON:00003467] A piece of animal meat that is boneless. + FOODON:00003468 Meat (skinless) [FOODON:00003468] A piece of animal meat that is skinless. + FOODON:02010116 Meat (with bone) [FOODON:02010116] A piece of animal meat that contains bone material. + FOODON:02010111 Meat (with skin) [FOODON:02010111] A piece of animal meat that contains skin. + PATO:0000387 Soft [PATO:0000387] A hardness quality of giving little resistance to pressure. + +collection_device menu CollectionDeviceMenu AGRO:00000405 Auger (earth auger) [AGRO:00000405] Manually operated hand tool that consists of cutter head having semicircular blades connected to pipe with the help of clamp and flange. The connecting pipe is further connected to a handle. + GENEPIO:0100928 Box corer [GENEPIO:0100928] A specimen collection device that is used to collect soft sediments in lakes or oceans. + OBI:0000967 Container [OBI:0000967] A device that can be used to restrict the location of material entities over time. + GSSO:008558 Bag [GSSO:008558] A sac or pouch. + GENEPIO:0002122 Whirlpak sampling bag [GENEPIO:0002122] A sterilized sampling bag that is puncture proof tabs for protection from damage due to wire-end protrusion and leak-proof closures. + FOODON:03490214 Bottle [FOODON:03490214] A rigid or semirigid container typically of glass or plastic having a comparatively narrow neck or mouth and usually no handle. + OBI:0000522 Vial [OBI:0000522] A container made from solid material and primarily used for holding liquid. + GENEPIO:0004318 Culture plate [GENEPIO:0004318] A low flat-bottomed laboratory container for growing a layer of organisms such as bacteria, molds, and cells on a thin layer of nutrient medium. + NCIT:C96141 Petri dish [NCIT:C96141] A shallow dish with a lid used to culture cells. + GENEPIO:0100103 Filter [GENEPIO:0100103] A manufactured product which separates solids from fluids by adding a medium through which only a fluid can pass. + GENEPIO:0100929 PONAR grab sampler [GENEPIO:0100929] A specimen collection device that is designed to collect sediment samples from the hard bottoms of a body of water i.e. sand, gravel, consolidated marl or clay." + GENEPIO:0002125 Scoop [GENEPIO:0002125] A shovel-like utensil that has a deep curved dish and a short handle and is used for digging into a soft substance for lifting out a portion. + GENEPIO:0100930 Soil sample probe [GENEPIO:0100930] A specimen collection device designed to penetrate soil with a hollow tube to collect soil sample cores. + NCIT:C149941 Spatula [NCIT:C149941] Administration device with a flattened side used for the application of semi-solid pharmaceutical forms. + OBI:0002819 Sponge [OBI:0002819] A sample collection device consisting of a soft flexible, absorbent pad usually made from natural material such as gauze or cotton, used to absorb specimen fluid or particulate matter. + GENEPIO:0100027 Swab [GENEPIO:0100027] A device which is a soft, absorbent material mounted on one or both ends of a stick. + OBI:0002822 Drag swab [OBI:0002822] A specimen collection device consisting of a specimen pad made of sterile gauze which is aseptically attached to a pole by clips or to a string + OBI:0002824 Surface wipe [OBI:0002824] A sample collection device consisting of a thin, less absorbent sheet, used to collect material from surfaces. + GENEPIO:0101196 Tube [GENEPIO:0101196] A sample collection device which is cylindrical shape that is open at one end, used to collect material. + GENEPIO:0002127 Vacuum device [GENEPIO:0002127] A device which generates a vacuum to provide suction of material. + OBIB:0000032 Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032] A test tube which is either a sterile glass or plastic tube with a closure that is evacuated to create a vacuum inside the tube facilitating the draw of a predetermined volume of liquid. Most commonly used to draw a blood sample directly from the vein, these also are used to collect urine samples. Vacutainer tube may contain additives designed to stabilize and preserve the specimen prior to analytical testing. + +collection_method menu CollectionMethodMenu HP:0002835 Aspiration [HP:0002835] Inspiration of a foreign object into the airway. + OBI:0002650 Biopsy [OBI:0002650] A specimen collection that obtains a sample of tissue or cell from a living multicellular organism body for diagnostic purposes by means intended to be minimally invasive. + GENEPIO:0004326 Fecal grab [GENEPIO:0004326] A fecal specimen collection method in which feces is obtained by inserting the collection device into the anus of the host, or the feces is captured as it is excreted. + OBI:0302885 Filtration [OBI:0302885] Filtration is a process which separates components suspended in a fluid based on granularity properties relying on a filter device + GENEPIO:0100031 Air filtration [GENEPIO:0100031] A filtration process which removes solid particulates from the air via an air filtration device. + GENEPIO:0100931 Water filtration [GENEPIO:0100931] A filtration process which removes or reduces the concentration of particulate matter, including suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, viruses, and fungi, as well as other undesirable chemical and biological contaminants from contaminated water using water filters to produce safe and clean water. + OBI:0600044 Lavage [OBI:0600044] A protocol application to separate cells and/or cellular secretions from an anatomical space by the introduction and removal of fluid + GENEPIO:0100032 Bronchoalveolar lavage [GENEPIO:0100032] The collection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) from the lungs. + GENEPIO:0100033 Gastric lavage [GENEPIO:0100033] The administration and evacuation of small volumes of liquid through an orogastric tube to remove toxic substances within the stomach. + MMO:0000344 Necropsy [MMO:0000344] A postmortem examination of the body of an animal to determine the cause of death or the character and extent of changes produced by disease. + NCIT:C28221 Phlebotomy [NCIT:C28221] The collection of blood from a vein, most commonly via needle venipuncture. + GENEPIO:0002116 Rinsing for specimen collection [GENEPIO:0002116] The process of removal and collection of specimen material from the surface of an entity by washing, or a similar application of fluids. + GENEPIO:0100932 Scooping [GENEPIO:0100932] A specimen collection process that is used to dig out an amount of sample using a scoop. + GENEPIO:0100933 Sediment collection [GENEPIO:0100933] A specimen collection process that is used to collect a sediment sample. + GENEPIO:0100934 Soil coring [GENEPIO:0100934] A specimen collection process that is used to collect soil sample cores. + GENEPIO:0101003 Weep fluid collection (pouring) [GENEPIO:0101003] A specimen collection process that is used to collect weep fluid via pouring from the source container into the sample collection device. (e.g. bag or tube) + +host_(common_name) menu HostCommonNameMenu NCBITaxon:8782 Bird [NCBITaxon:8782] A group of warm-blooded vertebrates in class Aves, that are characterized by feathers, wings, toothless beaked jaws and the laying of hard-shelled eggs and are usually able to fly. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9031 Chicken [NCBITaxon:9031] A domesticated junglefowl of the species Gallus gallus. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + FOODON:00004504 Seabird [FOODON:00004504] A bird that is adapted to live within the marine environment. + NCBITaxon:9206 Cormorant [NCBITaxon:9206] A family of aquatic birds (Phalacrocoracidae). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:56069 Double Crested Cormorant [NCBITaxon:56069] A species of the cormorant family of water birds (Phalacrocorax auritus). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9109 Crane [NCBITaxon:9109] A family of large, long-legged, and long-necked birds (Gruidae). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9117 Whooping Crane [NCBITaxon:9117] An endangered crane species that is native to North America and is named for its whooping sound. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:8911 Gull (Seagull) [NCBITaxon:8911] A large genus of gulls within the family Laridae. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:119606 Glaucous-winged Gull [NCBITaxon:119606] A species of large, white-headed gull (Larus glaucescens). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:8912 Great Black-backed Gull [NCBITaxon:8912] A species of white gull that has a black back and wings (Larus marinus). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:35669 Herring Gull [NCBITaxon:35669] A species of large gull, that is up to 66 cm (26 in) long (Larus argentatus). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:126683 Ring-billed Gull [NCBITaxon:126683] A species of ring-billed gull that has a black ring around its bill (Larus delawarensis). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:50366 Eider [NCBITaxon:50366] A genus of large seaducks (Somateria). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:76058 Common Eider [NCBITaxon:76058] A species of a large sea-duck that is distributed over the northern coasts of Europe, North America and eastern Siberia (Somateria mollissima). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9103 Turkey [NCBITaxon:9103] A large, mainly domesticated game bird characterized by a bald head and wattles (in the male) of the species Meleagris gallopavo. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + FOODON:03411222 Fish [FOODON:03411222] Fish are the gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits. Most fish are ectothermic ("cold-blooded"), allowing their body temperatures to vary as ambient temperatures change, though some of the large active swimmers like white shark and tuna can hold a higher core temperature. + NCBITaxon:8022 Rainbow Trout [NCBITaxon:8022] A species of trout native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:229290 Sablefish [NCBITaxon:229290] One of two members of the fish family Anoplopomatidae and the only species in the genus Anoplopoma. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + FOODON:00003473 Salmon [FOODON:00003473] A group of euryhaline ray-finned fish from the family Salmonidae, which are native to tributaries of the North Atlantic (genus Salmo) and North Pacific (genus Oncorhynchus) basin. + NCBITaxon:8030 Atlantic Salmon [NCBITaxon:8030] A species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae (Salmo salar). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:8019 Chinook salmon [NCBITaxon:74940] A species of pacific salmon in North America, that is commonly called as coho salmon. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:74940 Coho Salmon [NCBITaxon:8019] The largest species of pacific salmon in North America (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + FOODON:03411134 Mammal [FOODON:03411134] Mammals (from Latin mamma "breast") are vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia, and characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or hair, and three middle ear bones. + FOODON:03000300 Companion animal [FOODON:03000300] An animal that is kept as a companion. + NCBITaxon:9913 Cow [NCBITaxon:9913] A large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivore of the species Bos taurus. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9606 Human [NCBITaxon:9606] A bipedal primate mammal of the species Homo sapiens. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9823 Pig [NCBITaxon:9823] A stout-bodied, hooved and short-legged, omnivorous mammal from the species Sus scofus, with thick skin usually sparsely coated with short bristles. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9940 Sheep [NCBITaxon:9940] A domesticated, even-toed, ungluate, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock for its wool and meat, usually of the species Ovis aries. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + FOODON:03411433 Shellfish [FOODON:03411433] The term shellfish is used both broadly and specifically. For regulatory purposes it is often narrowly defined as filter-feeding molluscs such as clams, mussels, and oyster to the exclusion of crustaceans and all else. Although their shells may differ, all shellfish are invertebrates. + NCBITaxon:6706 Atlantic Lobster [NCBITaxon:6706] A species of lobster that is found on the Atlantic coast of North America (Homarus americanus). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:6565 Atlantic Oyster [NCBITaxon:6565] A species of true oyster (Crassostrea virginica). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:6550 Blue Mussel [NCBITaxon:6550] A medium-sized edible marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mytilidae, the mussels. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + +host_(scientific_name) menu HostScientificNameMenu NCBITaxon:229290 Anoplopoma fimbria [NCBITaxon:229290] The only species of the fish genus Anoplopoma. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9913 Bos taurus [NCBITaxon:9913] A large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivore raised for its milk, meat and hide. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:6565 Crassostrea virginica [NCBITaxon:6565] A species of true oyster that is commonly called as an eastern oyster. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9031 Gallus gallus [NCBITaxon:9031] A domesticated junglefowl raised for its eggs, feathers and meat. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9117 Grus americana [NCBITaxon:9117] An endangered crane species that is native to North America and is named for its whooping sound. It is commonly called as a whopping crane. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:6706 Homarus americanus [NCBITaxon:6706] A species of lobster that is found on the Atlantic coast of North America and is commonly called as American lobster. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9606 Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606] A type of primate characterized by bipedalism and large, complex brain. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:35669 Larus argentatus [NCBITaxon:35669] A species of large gull, that is up to 66 cm (26 in) long and is commonly called as herring gull. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:126683 Larus delawarensis [NCBITaxon:126683] A species of ring-billed gull that has a black ring around its bill and is commonly called as ring-billed gull. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:119606 Larus glaucescens [NCBITaxon:119606] A species of large, white-headed gull. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:8912 Larus marinus [NCBITaxon:8912] A species of white gull that has a black back and wings.. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9103 Meleagris gallopavo [NCBITaxon:9103] A large, mainly domesticated game bird characterized by a bald head and wattles (in the male). Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:6550 Mytilus edulis [NCBITaxon:6550] A medium-sized edible marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mytilidae, the mussels. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:8019 Oncorhynchus kisutch [NCBITaxon:8019] A species of pacific salmon in North America, that is commonly called as coho salmon. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:8022 Oncorhynchus mykiss [NCBITaxon:8022] A species of trout that is native to cold-water tributaries of the pacific ocean in Asia and North America. It is commonly called as rainbow trout. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:74940 Oncorhynchus tshawytscha [NCBITaxon:74940] The largest species of pacific salmon in North America, that is commonly called as chinook salmon. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9940 Ovis aries [NCBITaxon:9940] A domesticated, even-toed, ungluate, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock for its wool and meat. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:56069 Phalacrocorax auritus [NCBITaxon:56069] A species of the cormorant family of water birds that is commonly called as double-crested cormorant. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:8030 Salmo salar [NCBITaxon:8030] A species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae that is commonly called as atlantic salmon. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:76058 Somateria mollissima [NCBITaxon:76058] A species of large sea duck that is distributed over the northern coasts of Europe, North America and eastern Siberia. It is also called as common eider. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:9825 Sus scrofa domesticus [NCBITaxon:9825] A stout-bodied, hooved and short-legged, omnivorous mammal, with thick skin usually sparsely coated with short bristles raised for its meat. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + + +host_age_unit menu HostAgeUnitMenu UO:0000035 month [UO:0000035] A time unit which is approximately equal to the length of time of one of cycle of the moon's phases which in science is taken to be equal to 30 days. Mpox + UO:0000036 year [UO:0000036] A time unit which is equal to 12 months which in science is taken to be equal to 365.25 days. + +host_gender_international menu HostGenderInternationalMenu NCIT:C46110 Female [NCIT:C46110] An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role distinction of female. Mpox_international + NCIT:C46109 Male [NCIT:C46109] An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role distinction of male. + GSSO:000132 Non-binary gender [GSSO:000132] Either, a specific gender identity which is not male or female; or, more broadly, an umbrella term for gender identities not considered male or female. + GSSO:004004 Transgender (assigned male at birth) [GSSO:004004] Having a feminine gender (identity) which is different from the sex one was assigned at birth. + GSSO:004005 Transgender (assigned female at birth) [GSSO:004005] Having a masculine gender (identity) which is different from the sex one was assigned at birth. + NCIT:C110959 Undeclared [NCIT:C110959] A categorical choice recorded when an individual being interviewed is unable or chooses not to provide a datum. + + +organism menu OrganismMenu NCBITaxon:469 Acinetobacter [NCBITaxon:469] A Moraxellaceae genus of gram-negative bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. Acinetobacter species are oxidase-negative, exhibit twitching motility,and occur in pairs under magnification. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acinetobacter] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:470 Acinetobacter baumannii [NCBITaxon:470] An Acinetobacter species which is typically short, almost round, rod-shaped (coccobacillus) Gram-negative bacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acinetobacter_baumannii] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:106648 Acinetobacter bereziniae [NCBITaxon:106648] An Acinetobacter species. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:108980 Acinetobacter ursingii [NCBITaxon:108980] An Acinetobacter species. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:642 Aeromonas [NCBITaxon:642] An Aeromonadaceae genus of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that morphologically resemble members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:656 Aeromonas allosaccharophila [NCBITaxon:656] An Aeromonas species which is a Gram-negative, catalase-positive, motile bacterium from the genus Aeromonas which was isolated from ill elvers (Anguilla anguilla) in Valencia, Spain. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_allosaccharophila] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:644 Aeromonas hydrophila [NCBITaxon:644] An Aeromonas species which is a heterotrophic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium mainly found in areas with a warm climate. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_hydrophila] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:948519 Aeromonas rivipollensis [NCBITaxon:948519] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria assigned to the genus Aeromonas. This bacteria is motile and has been isolated from river sediments from the Ter River in Spain. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromonas_rivipollensis] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:645 Aeromonas salmonicida [NCBITaxon:645] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This bacteria is non motile, capable of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, ferments glucose and is generally oxidase positive. A. solmonicida is found in freshwater and marine environments and causes furunculosis in fish and bald sea urchin disease. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C861288] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:194 Campylobacter [NCBITaxon:194] A genus of gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral bacteria. They are motile, with either uni- or bi-polar flagella and are oxidase-positive. Several species of Campylobacter have been implicated in human disease. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76211] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:195 Campylobacter coli [NCBITaxon:195] A species of microaerophilic, Gram-negative, curved or spiral bacilli assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile with a single flagellum at each pole, non-spore forming, oxidase positive, and does not hydrolyze hippurate. C. coli is commensal in pigs, associated with indigenously acquired food borne disease, and recognized as the second most common pathogen for human campylobacteriosis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86230] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:197 Campylobacter jejuni [NCBITaxon:197] A Campylobacter species which is a helical-shaped, non-spore-forming, Gram-negative, microaerophilic, nonfermenting motile bacterium with a single flagellum at one or both poles, which are also oxidase-positive, grow optimally at 37 to 42 °C, and is among the most common causes of bacterial infections in humans worldwide. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacter_jejuni] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:201 Campylobacter lari [NCBITaxon:201] A species of microaerophilic, Gram-negative, curved or spiral bacilli assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile using a single flagellum at each pole, non-spore forming, oxidase positive, catalase positive, reduces nitrate, produces hydrogen sulfide, and does not hydrolyze hippurate nor ferment glucose. C. lari is associated in recurrent gastroenteritis in children, causes septicemia and enteritis in immunodeficient patients and is commensal in healthy seagulls, birds, mussels and oysters. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86236] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:544 Citrobacter [NCBITaxon:544] An Enterobacteriaceae genus which is a Gram-negative coliform bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:57706 Citrobacter braakii [NCBITaxon:57706] A Citrobacter species which is a Gram-negative species of bacteria. It has been reported to cause sepsis in an immunocompromised person. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_braakii] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:546 Citrobacter freundii [NCBITaxon:546] A Citrobacter species which is a Gram-negative species of bacteria. They have a rod shape with a typical length of 1–5 μm, most have several locomotive flagella, and is a soil-dwelling microorganism but can also be found in other environments (water, sewage, food, and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans). [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_freundii] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:67828 Citrobacter gillenii [NCBITaxon:67828] A species of Gram-negative bacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrobacter_gillenii] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1870884 Clostridioides [NCBITaxon:1870884] A genus of gram-positive bacteria. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1496 Clostridioides difficile [NCBITaxon:1496] A species of Clostridium that is the most significant cause of pseudomembranous colitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76276] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1485 Clostridium [NCBITaxon:1485] A genus of gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacteria in the Firmicutes phylum capable of producing endospores. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76275] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1502 Clostridium perfringens [NCBITaxon:1502] A species of anaerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, hydrolyzes gelatin, produces enterotoxin, is beta-hemolytic and catalase negative. C. perfringens is a food borne pathogen, being the causative agent of pig-bel syndrome and gas gangrene. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86288] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1509 Clostridium sporogenes [NCBITaxon:1509] A species of anaerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Firmicutes. This species is proteolytic, does not produce botulinum toxin, is beta-hemolytic and positive for indole. C. sporogenes is pathogenic and culture is associated with a foul odor. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86294] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:283 Comamonas [NCBITaxon:283] A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Comamonadaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86303] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:225991 Comamonas aquatica [NCBITaxon:225991] Comamonas species which is is Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-negative, and is a motile bacterium with multitrichous polar flagella. [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comamonas_aquatica] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:547 Enterobacter [NCBITaxon:547] An Enterobacteriaceae genus which is a common Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria of the order Enterobacterales. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:61645 Enterobacter asburiae [NCBITaxon:61645] An Enterobacteriaceae cloacae complex subspecies. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:69218 Enterobacter cancerogenus [NCBITaxon:69218] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile by peritrichous flagella, catalase positive, reduces nitrate, hydrolyzes esculin, oxidase, indole and urease negative and not susceptible to erythromycin and penicillin. E. cancerogenus was isolated from the tree Populus canadensis and is known to cause infection in cases of severe trauma. [ NCI ] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:550 Enterobacter cloacae [NCBITaxon:550] An Enterobacteriaceae species which is gram-negative, facultatively-anaerobic, and rod-shaped. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter_cloacae] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:158836 Enterobacter hormaechei [NCBITaxon:158836] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, indole negative, does not hydrolyze gelatin, reduces nitrate and produces acid from mucate. E. hormachei is an opportunistic pathogen, causing nosocomial infections. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86362] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:208224 Enterobacter kobei [NCBITaxon:208224] An Enterobacteriaceae cloacae complex subspecies which is Gram-negative, motile rods conforming to the definition of the family Enterobacteriaceae, proposed for a group of organisms referred to as NIH Group 21 at the National Institute of Health, Tokyo. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s002849900110] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1812935 Enterobacter roggenkampii [NCBITaxon:1812935] An Enterobacter species which is a nitrogen fixing plant growth promoting endophytic bacterium with biocontrol and stress tolerance properties, isolated from sugarcane root [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.580081/full]. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:42895 Enterobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:42895] An unclassified Enterobacter species. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:61646 Lelliottia amnigena [NCBITaxon:61646] An Enterobacteriaceae species which is also known as Enterobacter amnigenus. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:61647 Pluralibacter gergoviae [NCBITaxon:61647] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, indole negative, hydrolyzes esculin, oxidase negative, reduces nitrate and does not grow in culture in the presence of potassium cyanide. E. gergoviae is a common nosocomial pathogen, causing urinary tract infections. [NCIT:C86361] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1350 Enterococcus [NCBITaxon:1350] A Bacillota genus which contains many kinds of Gram-positive lactic acid cocci bacteria that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short chains, and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics alone. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:57732 Enterococcus asini [NCBITaxon:57732] An Enterococcus species. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:33945 Enterococcus avium [NCBITaxon:33945] An Enterococcus species which is most commonly found in birds. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:317735 Enterococcus caccae [NCBITaxon:317735] An Enterococcus species. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:214095 Enterococcus canis [NCBITaxon:214095] An Enterococcus species. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:37734 Enterococcus casseliflavus [NCBITaxon:37734] An Enteroccocus species which is a Gram positive, catalase- and oxidase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile ovoid cocci occurring in single, pairs or short chains. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/enterococcus-casseliflavus] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:44008 Enterococcus cecorum [NCBITaxon:44008] An Enterococcus species. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:44009 Enterococcus dispar [NCBITaxon:44009] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, and hydrolyzes esculin. E. dispar has been isolated from human specimens. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86366] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:53345 Enterococcus durans [NCBITaxon:53345] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is non-motile, ferments melibiose, does not ferment arabinose or citrate, does not reduce tetrazolium and is a lactic acid bacteria. E. durans is pathogenic in chickens but is rarely shown to be pathogenic in humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86367] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1352 Enterococcus faecium [NCBITaxon:1352] An Enterococcus species which is a Gram-positive, gamma-hemolytic or non-hemolytic bacterium that can act as a pathogen or commensal in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1351 Enterococcus faecalis [NCBITaxon:1351] An Enterococcus species which is a Gram-positive, commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans. E. faecalis is found in healthy humans and can be used as a probiotic, but can also cause a variety of nosocomial infections of which urinary tract infections are the most common. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1353 Enterococcus gallinarum [NCBITaxon:1353] An Enteroccocus species which is a Gram positive, catalase- and oxidase negative, non-spore forming, non-motile ovoid cocci occurring in single, pairs or short chains. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/enterococcus-casseliflavus] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1354 Enterococcus hirae [NCBITaxon:1354] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, and hydrolyzes esculin but not hippurate. E. hirae was isolated from chicken and pig intestines and though rare, is pathogenic in humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86371] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:71451 Enterococcus malodoratus [NCBITaxon:71451] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, produces hydrogen sulfide, and hydrolyzes esculin, but not hippurate. E. malodoratus has been isolated from Gouda cheese. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86372] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:53346 Enterococcus mundtii [NCBITaxon:53346] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, hydrolyzes esculin, but not hippurate. E. mundtii has been isolated from cow teats, plants and soil, and though rare is pathogenic in humans causing enophthalmitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86373] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:150033 Enterococcus ratti [NCBITaxon:150033] An Enterococcus species. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:41997 Enterococcus saccharolyticus [NCBITaxon:41997] A species of Gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, fermentative, non-motile, coccus-shaped bacteria in the family Enterococcaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C122301] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:417368 Enterococcus thailandicus [NCBITaxon:417368] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, spherical or ovoid shaped bacteria arranged in pairs or chains, in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is nonmotile, non-spore forming, catalase negative, hydrolyzes arginine and esculin, but not starch or gelatin, weakly positive for blood hemolysis, does not reduce nitrate, and ferments glucose. E. thailandicus has been isolated from fermented sausages produced in Thailand and is not yet known to be pathogenic to humans. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C114243] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:112904 Enterococcus villorum [NCBITaxon:112904] A species of facultatively anaerobic, gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, spherical or ovoid shaped bacteria in the genus Enterococcus. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:561 Escherichia [NCBITaxon:561] An Enterobacteriaceae genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:562 Escherichia coli [NCBITaxon:562] An Escherichia species which is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:564 Escherichia fergusonii [NCBITaxon:564] A species of Escherichia is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped species of bacterium. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:33986 Exiguobacterium [NCBITaxon:33986] A genus of aerobic, Gram positive, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Firmicutes and the family Bacillales XII.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86885] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:223958 Exiguobacterium oxidotolerans [NCBITaxon:223958] A species of Gram positive, alkaliphilic, facultative anaerobic and motile bacteria assigned to the genus Exiguobacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exiguobacterium_oxidotolerans] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:44751 Exiguobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:44751] A species of the genus Exiguobacterium. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:570 Klebsiella [NCBITaxon:570] A genus of Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria that have a polysaccharide-based capsule and are oxidase negative. Klebsiella spp. are frequent human pathogens. [NCIT:C28165] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:548 Klebsiella aerogenes [NCBITaxon:548] A species of Klebsiella which is a Gram-negative, oxidase negative, catalase positive, citrate positive, indole negative, rod-shaped bacterium Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1134687 Klebsiella michiganensis [NCBITaxon:1134687] A species of Klebsiella. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:571 Klebsiella oxytoca [NCBITaxon:571] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, oxidase negative and indole positive. K. oxytoca is pathogenic, causing urinary tract infections, and is one of the major causes of neonatal bacteremia and septicemia. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86455] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:573 Klebsiella pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:573] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, oxidase negative, and produces acid from glucose, mannitol, rhamnose, arabinose and amygdalin. K. ozaenae is pathogenic and a causative agent of ozena/atrophic rhinitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86457] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:72407 Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae [NCBITaxon:72407] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, oxidase negative, and produces acid from glucose, mannitol, rhamnose, arabinose and amygdalin. K. ozaenae is pathogenic and a causative agent of ozena/atrophic rhinitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86457] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:574 Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae [NCBITaxon:574] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, oxidase and indole negative, encapsulated and lactose fermenting. K. pneumoniae is part of the normal flora of the mouth, intestines, and skin but may become pathogenic; it is the causative agent of Klebsiella pneumonia in immunocompromised, diabetic, and alcoholic patients. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86456] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:579 Kluyvera [NCBITaxon:579] A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86461] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:61648 Kluyvera intermedia [NCBITaxon:61648] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile by peritrichous flagella, catalase positive, oxidase and indole negative, and ferments sucrose, dulcitol and amygdalin. K. intermedia is commonly found in surface water and may be an opportunistic pathogen. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86465] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1330547 Kosakonia [NCBITaxon:1330547] A genus of the Enterobacteria complex which associated to plant growth-promoting bacteria. [https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823414-3.00012-5] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:208223 Kosakonia cowanii [NCBITaxon:208223] A species of the genus Kosakonia which is a Gram-negative, motile, facultatively-anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, formerly known as Enterobacter cowanii. [https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-020-05084-6] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:83654 Leclercia [NCBITaxon:83654] A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86486] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:83655 Leclercia adecarboxylata [NCBITaxon:83655] A species of the genus Leclercia which is a gram-negative bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7286590/#:~:text=Leclercia%20adecarboxylata%20is%20a%20gram,or%20contact%20with%20aquatic%20environment.] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1637 Listeria [NCBITaxon:1637] A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76359] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1639 Listeria monocytogenes [NCBITaxon:1639] A species of the genus Listeria which is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacterium in the phylum Bacillota. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria_monocytogenes] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:528 Ochrobactrum [NCBITaxon:528] A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Brucellaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86619] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:42190 Ochrobactrum sp. [NCBITaxon:42190] A species of the Ochrobacterium genus. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:53335 Pantoea [NCBITaxon:53335] A genus of Gram-negative bacteria of the family Erwiniaceae, which is motile, yellow pigmented, ferments lactose, are motile, and form mucoid colonies. This genus includes at least 20 species and recently separated from the genus Enterobacter. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantoea] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:553 Pantoea ananatis [NCBITaxon:553] A species of the genus Pantoea that is facultatively anaerobic. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/pantoea-ananatis] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:69393 Pantoea sp. [NCBITaxon:69393] A species of the genus Pantoea. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:657 Photobacterium [NCBITaxon:657] A genus of facultatively anaerobic gram negative rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Vibrionaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C866466] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:81447 Photobacterium indicum [NCBITaxon:81447] A mesophilic, motile bacterium of the genus Photobacterium that was isolated from marine mud. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:660 Photobacterium sp. [NCBITaxon:660] A species of the genus Pseudomonas. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:586 Providencia [NCBITaxon:586] A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86690] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:587 Providencia rettgeri [NCBITaxon:587] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, indole, citrate, and urease positive. P. rettgeri is an opportunistic pathogen associated with nosocomial outbreaks, bacteremia, skin infections, and traveler's diarrhea. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86693] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:53246 Pseudoalteromonas [NCBITaxon:53246] A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Pseudomonadota [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoalteromonas | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0021851] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:43659 Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis [NCBITaxon:43659] A species of marine bacteria assigned to the genus Pseudoalteromonas. This species is isolated from the surface slime of the puffer fish. It secretes the neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoalteromonas_tetraodonis] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:286 Pseudomonas [NCBITaxon:286] A genus of the family Pseudomonadaceae which is a Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:287 Pseudomonas aeruginosa [NCBITaxon:287] A species of the genus Pseudomonas which is a facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:294 Pseudomonas fluorescens [NCBITaxon:294] A species of the genus Pseudomonas which is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_fluorescens] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1306993 Pseudomonas soli [NCBITaxon:1306993] A species of the genus Pseudomonas. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:306 Pseudomonas sp. [NCBITaxon:306] A species of the genus Pseudomonas. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:497 Psychrobacter [NCBITaxon:497] A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod and cocci shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Moraxellaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C867077] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:180588 Psychrobacter faecalis [NCBITaxon:180588] A species of Gram-negative, and oxidase-negative bacteria assigned to the genus Psychrobacter. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:281738 Psychrobacter nivimaris [NCBITaxon:281738] Psychrobacter nivimaris is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, aerobic, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from the Southern Ocean Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:56811 Psychrobacter sp. [NCBITaxon:56811] A species of the genus Psychrobacter. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:34037 Rahnella [NCBITaxon:34037] A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium in the phylum Fusobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86710] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:34038 Rahnella aquatilis [NCBITaxon:34038] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria in the phylum Fusobacteria. This species is weakly positive for phenylalanine deaminase. R. aquatilis is pathogenic in immunocompromised patients. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86711] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1873497 Rahnella sp. [NCBITaxon:1873497] A species of the genus Rahnella. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:160674 Raoultella [NCBITaxon:160674] A genus of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Enterobacteriaceae. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86714] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:54291 Raoultella ornithinolytica [NCBITaxon:54291] A species of the genus Raoultella which is an encapsulated Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, aerobic, non-motile rod bacteria that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:575 Raoultella planticola [NCBITaxon:575] A species of Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species can deaminate tryptophan, is able to grow at 10 degrees Celsius and uses sorbose as a carbon source. R. planticola is a pathogen that can cause pancreatitis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86716] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:28901 Salmonella enterica [NCBITaxon:28901] A species of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is oxidase and urease negative, catalase positive, reduces nitrate to nitrite, ferments glucose, and grows well on media containing peptone or meat extract. S. enterica is a causative agent of salmonellosis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86731] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:59201 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201] A subspecies of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the species Salmonella enterica. This subspecies does not produce acid from lactose, salicin, or galacturonate, will not hydrolyze gelatin, and exhibits no growth in the presence of KCN. S. enterica subsp. enterica is the causative agent of various types of salmonellosis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86913] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:59203 Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae [NCBITaxon:59203] A subspecies of aerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the species Salmonella enterica. S. enterica subsp. arizonae is an inhabitant of the gut of reptiles and is pathogenic in humans, although is rarely isolated from clinical specimens. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86910] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:613 Serratia [NCBITaxon:613] A genus of small motile peritrichous bacteria in the Enterobacteriacaea family consisting of Gram-negative rods. [NCIT:C86010] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:22 Shewanella [NCBITaxon:22] A genus of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacterium assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria and the family Shewanellaceae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C867422] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:2726434 Shewanella pealeana [NCBITaxon:70864] A species of Gram-negative, mesophilic, facultatively anaerobic, psychrotolerant, motile and rod-shaped bacteria that are assigned to the genus Shewanella. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-49-4-13411] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:70864 Shewanella putrefaciens [NCBITaxon:24] A species of Gram-negative, mesophilic, facultatively anaerobic, psychrotolerant, motile and rod-shaped bacteria that are assigned to the genus Shewanella. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-49-4-13411] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:24 Shewanella oncorhynchi [NCBITaxon:2726434] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species can reduce metals including iron, manganese and uranium to produce energy. S. putrefaciens is found in marine environments and is a pathogen that can cause bacteremia, biliary tract infection, peritonitis, empyema, and various skin and soft tissue infections. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86743] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:50422 Shewanella sp. [NCBITaxon:50422] A species of the genus Shewanella. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1279 Staphylococcus [NCBITaxon:1279] A genus of nonmotile, nonspore-forming, aerobic to facultatively anaerobic bacteria containing Gram-positive, spherical cells, 0.5-1.5 microns in diameter, which divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Coagulase-positive strains produce a variety of toxins and are therefore potentially pathogenic and may cause food poisoning. They are found on the skin, in skin glands, on the nasal and other mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals, and in various food products. The type species is Staphylococcus aureus [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C62583] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1280 Staphylococcus aureus [NCBITaxon:1280] A common bacterial species found especially on nasal mucous membrane and skin (hair follicles); bacterial species that produces exotoxins including those that cause toxic shock syndrome, with resulting skin rash, and renal, hepatic, and central nervous system disease, and an enterotoxin associated with food poisoning; it causes furunculosis, cellulitis, pyemia, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, suppuration of wounds, other infections; also a cause of infection in burn patients; humans are the chief reservoir. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C50921] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1301 Streptococcus [NCBITaxon:1301] A genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes and the lactic acid bacteria group. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76383] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:29389 Streptococcus alactolyticus [NCBITaxon:29389] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for urease, alpha hemolysis, esculin hydrolysis and Lancefield group D and negative for gelatinase, caseinase, catalase, arginine deamination and growth in 6.5% NaCl. It can ferment glucose, cellobiose, fructose, galactose, maltose, mannose, salicin and sucrose but not arabinose, mannitol, lactose, glycerol, raffinose, ribose, sorbitol, trehalose or xylose. S. alactolyticus is found in the intestinal tract of pigs, is a cause of zoonotic infections and has rarely been isolated from human clinical specimen. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86781] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1335 Streptococcus bovis [NCBITaxon:1335] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for arginine deamination and negative for catalase, oxidase, hemolysis, growth in 6.5% NaCl and urease. It can ferment raffinose but not arabinose, mannitol, lactose or glycerol. S. bovis is found in the alimentary tract of ruminants and is a human pathogen that can cause bacteremia, sepsis or endocarditis.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86784] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1335 Streptococcus equinus [NCBITaxon:1335] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for Lancefield group D and esculin hydrolysis and negative for catalase, arginine deaminase, growth in 6.5% NaCl and pyrrolidonylarylamidase. It can ferment trehalose but not mannitol, melibiose or sorbitol. S. equinus is commensal in many animals and can be a human pathogen that causes a variety of opportunistic infections.[http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86790] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:315405 Streptococcus gallolyticus [NCBITaxon:315405] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for gallate degradation, esculin hydrolysis and Lancefield group D and negative for catalase, hemolysis, growth in 6.5% NaCl and pyrrolidonylarylamidase. It can ferment cellobiose, fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannose, melibiose and trehalose but not ribose or sorbitol. S. gallolyticus is commensal in the human alimentary tract and is a pathogen that can cause septicemia and endocarditis. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86791] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:102684 Streptococcus infantarius [NCBITaxon:102684] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for esculin hydrolysis, alpha galactosidase and Lancefield group D and negative for catalase, arginine deaminase, growth in 6.5% NaCl, pyrrolidonylarylamidase and urease. It can ferment melibiose, lactose and sucrose but not mannitol, sorbitol, inulin or trehalose. S infantarius has been isolated from infants and is a human pathogen that can cause hepatobiliary bacteremia. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86793] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:150055 Streptococcus lutetiensis [NCBITaxon:150055] A species of Gram-positive, non-sporulating, non-motile coccus-shaped bacteria in the order Lactobacillales. S.lutetiensis is positive for alpha-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase and negative for catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, beta-glactosidase, and beta-glucuronidase. The species has been isolated from human cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and stool.. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C124409] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:59310 Streptococcus macedonicus [NCBITaxon:59310] A species among the Streptococcus thermophilus-like micro-organisms that belong to the S. bovis/S. equinus complex. It was first isolated from naturally fermented Greek Kasseri cheese and possesses a food-grade and non-pathogenic status. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:197614 Streptococcus pasteurianus [NCBITaxon:197614] A species of Streptococcus that is a member of Group D streptococci and was formerly known as S. bovis biotype II/2. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:1307 Streptococcus suis [NCBITaxon:1307] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is beta glucuronidase and arginine deaminase positive, hydrolyzes esculin, alpha hemolytic, Lancefield groups R, S, and T positive, catalase and pyrrolidonylarylamidase negative and does not grow in 6.5% NaCl. It can ferment sucrose, lactose, glucose, galactose, maltose, salicin, trehalose, and inulin but not arabinose, mannitol, melibiose, ribose, or sorbitol. S. suis is found in pigs where it can cause cervical abscesses. Contact of infected pigs by humans can result in meningitis, septicemia, endocarditis, and deafness. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86807] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:662 Vibrio [NCBITaxon:662] A genus of Gram-negative bacteria with a curved rod shape in the phylum Proteobacteria. [http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76386] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:666 Vibrio cholerae [NCBITaxon:666] A species of the genus Vibrio which is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrio_cholerae] Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + NCBITaxon:670 Vibrio parahaemolyticus [NCBITaxon:670] A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative, curved rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is motile, oxidase and lysine decarboxylase positive, hemolytic, halophilic and can use a wide variety of sugars as carbon sources. V. parahaemolyticus is a marine organism and a pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and wound infections. Note: this definition is specification-specific and is not provided by NCBITaxon. + +sequencing_assay_type menu SequencingAssayTypeMenu OBI:0002767 Amplicon sequencing assay [OBI:0002767] A sequencing assay in which a DNA or RNA input molecule is amplified by PCR and the product sequenced. + OBI:0002763 16S ribosomal gene sequencing assay [OBI:0002763] An amplicon sequencing assay in which the amplicon is derived from universal primers used to amplify the 16S ribosomal RNA gene from isolate bacterial genomic DNA or metagenomic DNA from a microbioal community. Resulting sequences are compared to reference 16S sequence databases to identify or classify bacteria present within a given sample. + OBI:0002117 Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117] A DNA sequencing assay that intends to provide information about the sequence of an entire genome of an organism. + OBI:0002623 Whole metagenome sequencing assay [OBI:0002623] A DNA sequencing assay that intends to provide information on the DNA sequences of multiple genomes (a metagenome) from different organisms present in the same input sample. + OBI:0002768 Whole virome sequencing assay [OBI:0002768] A whole metagenome sequencing assay that intends to provide information on multiple genome sequences from different viruses present in the same input sample. + +sequencing_platform menu SequencingPlatformMenu GENEPIO:0001923 Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923] A sequencing platform provided by the Illumina company. + GENEPIO:0001927 Pacific Biosciences [GENEPIO:0001927] A sequencing platform provided by the Pacific Biosciences company. + GENEPIO:0002683 Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0002683] A sequencing platform provided by the Ion Torrent company. + OBI:0002755 Oxford Nanopore Technologies [OBI:0002755] An organization that is developing and selling nanopore sequencing products and is based in the UK. + GENEPIO:0004324 BGI Genomics [GENEPIO:0004324] A sequencing platform provided by the BGI Genomics company. + GENEPIO:0004325 MGI [GENEPIO:0004325] A sequencing platform provided by the MGI company. + +sequencing_instrument menu SequencingInstrumentMenu GENEPIO:0100105 Illumina [GENEPIO:0100105] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation. + OBI:0002128 Illumina Genome Analyzer [OBI:0002128] A DNA sequencer manufactured by Solexa as one of its first sequencer lines, launched in 2006, and capable of sequencing 1 gigabase (Gb) of data in a single run. + OBI:0000703 Illumina Genome Analyzer II [OBI:0000703] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina (Solexa) corporation, which supports sequencing of single or paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology. + OBI:0002000 Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx [OBI:0002000] An Illumina Genome Analyzer II which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology. The Genome Analyzer IIx is the most widely adopted next-generation sequencing platform and proven and published across the broadest range of research applications. + GENEPIO:0100109 Illumina HiScanSQ [GENEPIO:0100109] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry, and contains a HiScan Reader for sequencing and microarray-based analyses as well as an "SQ Module" to support microfluidics. + GENEPIO:0100110 Illumina HiSeq [GENEPIO:0100110] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry, enabling deep sequencing and high yield. + GENEPIO:0100111 Illumina HiSeq X [GENEPIO:0100111] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that oenabled sufficent depth and coverage to produce the first 30x human genome for $1000. + GENEPIO:0100112 Illumina HiSeq X Five [GENEPIO:0100112] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that consists of a set of 5 HiSeq X Sequencing Systems. + OBI:0002129 Illumina HiSeq X Ten [OBI:0002129] A DNA sequencer that consists of a set of 10 HiSeq X Sequencing Systems. + OBI:0002022 Illumina HiSeq 1000 [OBI:0002022] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with a single flow cell and a throughput of up to 35 Gb per day. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology. + OBI:0003386 Illumina HiSeq 1500 [OBI:0003386] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with a single flow cell and a throughput of up to 35-50 Gb per day. + OBI:0002001 Illumina HiSeq 2000 [OBI:0002001] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with two flow cells and a throughput of up to 55 Gb per day. Built upon sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine is optimized for generation of data for multiple samples in a single run. + OBI:0002002 Illumina HiSeq 2500 [OBI:0002002] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with two flow cells and a throughput of up to 160 Gb per day. Built upon sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine is optimized for generation of data for batching multiple samples or rapid results on a few samples. + OBI:0002048 Illumina HiSeq 3000 [OBI:0002048] A DNA sequencer manufactured by Illumina corporation, with a single flow cell and a throughput of more than 200 Gb per day. + OBI:0002049 Illumina HiSeq 4000 [OBI:0002049] A DNA sequencer manufactured by Illumina corporation, with two flow cell and a throughput of more than 400 Gb per day. + GENEPIO:0100120 Illumina iSeq [GENEPIO:0100120] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that is lightweight. + GENEPIO:0100121 Illumina iSeq 100 [GENEPIO:0100121] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that is lightweight and has an output capacity between 144MB-1.2GB. + GENEPIO:0100122 Illumina NovaSeq [GENEPIO:0100122] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Illunina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that has an output capacirty of 6 Tb and 20 billion reads in dual flow cell mode. + OBI:0002630 Illumina NovaSeq 6000 [OBI:0002630] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation, with two flow cells and an output of up to 6000 Gb (32-40 B reads per run). The sequencer utilizes synthesis technology and patterned flow cells to optimize throughput and even spacing of sequencing clusters. + OBI:0003114 Illumina MiniSeq [OBI:0003114] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an output capacity of 1.65-7.5 Gb. + OBI:0002003 Illumina MiSeq [OBI:0002003] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation. Built upon sequencing by synthesis technology, the machine provides an end-to-end solution (cluster generation, amplification, sequencing, and data analysis) in a single machine. + GENEPIO:0100126 Illumina NextSeq [GENEPIO:0100126] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an output capacity of 1.65-7.5 Gb. + OBI:0002021 Illumina NextSeq 500 [OBI:0002021] A DNA sequencer which is a desktop sequencer ideal for smaller-scale studies manufactured by the Illumina corporation. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology. + GENEPIO:0100128 Illumina NextSeq 550 [GENEPIO:0100128] A DNA sequencer which is a desktop sequencer ideal for smaller-scale studies manufactured by the Illumina corporation. It supports sequencing of single, long or short insert paired end clone libraries relying on sequencing by synthesis technology. The 550 is an upgrade on the 500 model. + OBI:0003606 Illumina NextSeq 1000 [OBI:0003606] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and uses P1 and P2 flow cells. + GENEPIO:0100129 Illumina NextSeq 2000 [GENEPIO:0100129] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Illumina corporation using sequence-by-synthesis chemistry that fits on a benchtop and has an output capacity of 30-360 Gb. + GENEPIO:0100130 PacBio [GENEPIO:0100130] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation. + GENEPIO:0100131 PacBio RS [GENEPIO:0100131] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation which utilizes “SMRT Cells” for single-molecule real-time sequencing. The RS was the first model made by the company. + OBI:0002012 PacBio RS II [OBI:0002012] A DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation. Built upon single molecule real-time sequencing technology, the machine is optimized for generation with long reads and high consensus accuracy. + OBI:0002632 PacBio Sequel [OBI:0002632] A DNA sequencer built upon single molecule real-time sequencing technology, optimized for generation with long reads and high consensus accuracy, and manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation + OBI:0002633 PacBio Sequel II [OBI:0002633] A DNA sequencer built upon single molecule real-time sequencing technology, optimized for generation of highly accurate ("HiFi") long reads, and which is manufactured by the Pacific Biosciences corporation. + GENEPIO:0100135 Ion Torrent [GENEPIO:0100135] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation. + GENEPIO:0100136 Ion Torrent PGM [GENEPIO:0100136] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and has an output capacity of 300 MB - 1GB. + GENEPIO:0100137 Ion Torrent Proton [GENEPIO:0100137] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and has an output capacity of up to 15 Gb. + GENEPIO:0100138 Ion Torrent S5 XL [GENEPIO:0100138] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and requires only a small amount of input material while producing data faster than the S5 model. + GENEPIO:0100139 Ion Torrent S5 [GENEPIO:0100139] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Ion Torrent corporation which utilizes Ion semiconductor sequencing and requires only a small amount of input material. + GENEPIO:0100140 Oxford Nanopore [GENEPIO:0100140] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore corporation. + GENEPIO:0004433 Oxford Nanopore Flongle [GENEPIO:0004433] An adapter for MinION or GridION DNA sequencers manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore corporation that enables sequencing on smaller, single-use flow cells. + GENEPIO:0100141 Oxford Nanopore GridION [GENEPIO:0100141] A DNA sequencer that is manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore Technologies corporation, that can run and analyze up to five individual flow cells producing up to 150 Gb of data per run. The sequencer produces real-time results and utilizes nanopore technology with the option of running the flow cells concurrently or individual + OBI:0002750 Oxford Nanopore MinION [OBI:0002750] A portable DNA sequencer which is manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore Technologies corporation, that uses consumable flow cells producing up to 30 Gb of DNA sequence data per flow cell. The sequencer produces real-time results and utilizes nanopore technology with up to 512 nanopore channels in the sensor array. + OBI:0002752 Oxford Nanopore PromethION [OBI:0002752] A DNA sequencer that is manufactured by the Oxford Nanopore Technologies corporation, capable of running up to 48 flow cells and producing up to 7.6 Tb of data per run. The sequencer produces real-time results and utilizes Nanopore technology, with each flow cell allowing up to 3,000 nanopores to be sequencing simultaneously. + GENEPIO:0100144 BGISEQ [GENEPIO:0100144] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the BGI Genomics corporation. + GENEPIO:0100145 BGISEQ-500 [GENEPIO:0100145] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the BGI Genomics corporation that utilizes Probe-Anchor Synthesis (cPAS) chemistry and "DNA Nanoballs". + GENEPIO:0100146 DNBSEQ [GENEPIO:0100146] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation. + GENEPIO:0100147 DNBSEQ-T7 [GENEPIO:0100147] A high throughput DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an output capacity of 1~6TB of data per day. + GENEPIO:0100148 DNBSEQ-G400 [GENEPIO:0100148] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an output capacity of 55GB~1440GB per run. + GENEPIO:0100149 DNBSEQ-G400 FAST [GENEPIO:0100149] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an outout capacity of 55GB~330GB per run, which enables faster sequencing than the DNBSEQ-G400. + GENEPIO:0100150 DNBSEQ-G50 [GENEPIO:0100150] A DNA sequencer manufactured by the MGI corporation with an output capacity of 10～150 GB per run and enables different read lengths. + +purpose_of_sequencing menu PurposeOfSequencingMenu GENEPIO:0100001 Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001] A sampling strategy in which individuals are chosen for investigation into a disease cluster or outbreak. + GENEPIO:0100002 Diagnostic testing [GENEPIO:0100002] A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context of diagnostic testing. + GENEPIO:0100548 Environmental testing [GENEPIO:0100548] A sampling strategy in which environments are sampled in the context of testing for the presence of, or change in the levels of, chemicals, pathogens or other phenomena. + GENEPIO:0100003 Research [GENEPIO:0100003] A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in order to perform research. + GENEPIO:0100549 Clinical trial [GENEPIO:0100549] A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled in the context of experiments or observations performed as part of clinical research. + GENEPIO:0100550 Field experiment [GENEPIO:0100550] A sampling strategy in which samples are taken during real-life experiments which test directly whether proposed interventions actually work. + GENEPIO:0100024 Protocol testing experiment [GENEPIO:0100024] A research sampling strategy in which samples are collected in order to test a method or protocol. + GENEPIO:0100582 Survey study [GENEPIO:0100582] A sampling strategy in which individuals and/or materials are sampled for surveillance performed for research purposes. + GENEPIO:0100004 Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004] A sampling strategy in which individuals are sampled for surveillance investigations. + +antimicrobial_agent_name menu AntimicrobialAgentNameMenu CHEBI:2637 Amikacin [CHEBI:2637] An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group. + ARO:3003997 Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [ARO:3003997] A fixed combination of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid, which inhibits beta-lactamase, a bacterial enzyme that inactivates amoxicillin. + CHEBI:28971 Ampicillin [CHEBI:28971] A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group. + CHEBI:2955 Azithromycin [CHEBI:2955] A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections. + CHEBI:474053 Cefazolin [CHEBI:474053] A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively. + CHEBI:478164 Cefepime [CHEBI:478164] A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. + CHEBI:204928 Cefotaxime [CHEBI:204928] A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups. + ARO:3004710 Cefotaxime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004710] An antibiotic cocktail containing the cephalosporin antibiotic cefotaxime and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid. + CHEBI:209807 Cefoxitin [CHEBI:209807] A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. + CHEBI:3504 Cefpodoxime [CHEBI:3504] A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with methoxymethyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamino substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. + CHEBI:3508 Ceftazidime [CHEBI:3508] A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic bearing pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and {[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. + ARO:3004705 Ceftazidime-clavulanic acid [ARO:3004705] An antibiotic cocktail containing the cephalosporin antibiotic ceftazidime and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid. + ARO:3004006 Ceftiofur [ARO:3004006] A third-generation broad spectrum cephalosporin and beta-lactam antibiotic. It causes cell lysis by disrupting peptidoglycan cross-linkage and cell wall formation by binding to PBPs. + CHEBI:29007 Ceftriaxone [CHEBI:29007] A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups. + NCIT:C62021 Cephalothin A semisynthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cephalothin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. + CHEBI:17698 Chloramphenicol An organochlorine compound that is dichloro-substituted acetamide containing a nitrobenzene ring, an amide bond and two alcohol functions. + CHEBI:100241 Ciprofloxacin A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively. + CHEBI:3745 Clindamycin A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic. + CHEBI:50845 Doxycycline A semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic in which the 5beta-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group, while the 6alpha-hydroxy group is replaced by hydrogen. + CHEBI:35720 Enrofloxacin A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. + CHEBI:48923 Erythromycin Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus). + CHEBI:87185 Florfenicol A carboxamide that is the N-dichloroacetyl derivative of (1R,2S)-2-amino-3-fluoro-1-[4-(methanesulfonyl)phenyl]propan-1-ol. A synthetic veterinary antibiotic that is used for treatment of bovine respiratory disease and foot rot; also used in aquaculture. + CHEBI:17833 Gentamicin Gentamicin is a parenterally administered, broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic typically used for moderate to severe gram negative infections. + CHEBI:471744 Imipenem A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup. + CHEBI:6104 Kanamycin Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components. + CHEBI:63598 Levofloxacin An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase + CHEBI:63607 Linezolid An organofluorine compound that consists of 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one bearing an N-3-fluoro-4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl group as well as an acetamidomethyl group at position 5. A synthetic antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to a site on 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit and prevents further formation of a functional 70S initiation complex. + CHEBI:43968 Meropenem A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively. + CHEBI:100147 Nalidixic acid A monocarboxylic acid comprising 1,8-naphthyridin-4-one substituted by carboxylic acid, ethyl and methyl groups at positions 3, 1, and 7, respectively. An orally administered antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of lower urinary-tract infections due to Gram-negative bacteria + CHEBI:7507 Neomycin A broad-spectrum highly toxic antibiotic or mixture of antibiotics produced by a streptomyces (Streptomyces fradiae) and used medically especially to treat local infections. + CHEBI:71415 Nitrofurantoin An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA. + CHEBI:100246 Norfloxacin A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. + CHEBI:138856 Oxolinic acid A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid having the carboxy group at position 7 as well as oxo and ethyl groups at positions 4 and 1 respectively and a dioxolo ring fused at the 5- and 6-positions. + CHEBI:27701 Oxytetracycline A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae. + CHEBI:17334 Penicillin Any member of the group of substituted penams containing two methyl substituents at position 2, a carboxylate substituent at position 3 and a carboxamido group at position 6. + CHEBI:8232 Piperacillin A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group. + ARO:3004021 Piperacillin-tazobactam An antibiotic cocktail containing the penam beta-lactam antibiotic Piperacillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam. + ARO:3000454 Polymyxin B Polymyxin B is mixture of mostly polymyxins B1 and B2, mainly used for resistant gram-negative infections. + ARO:3004022 Quinupristin-dalfopristin An antibiotic cocktail of the streptogramin A dalfopristin and the streptogramin B quinupristin antibiotics. + CHEBI:17076 Streptomycin A amino cyclitol glycoside that consists of streptidine having a disaccharyl moiety attached at the 4-position. The parent of the streptomycin class + CHEBI:102484 Sulfisoxazole A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. + ARO:0000057 Telithromycin Telithromycin is a semi-synthetic derivative of erythromycin. It is a 14-membered macrolide and is the first ketolide antibiotic to be used in clinics. Telithromycin binds the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis. + CHEBI:27902 Tetracycline A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria. + CHEBI:149836 Tigecycline Tetracycline in which the hydroxy group at position 5 and the methyl group at position 6 are replaced by hydrogen, and with a dimethylamino substituent and an (N-tert-butylglycyl)amino substituent at positions 7 and 9, respectively. A glycylcycline antibiotic, it has activity against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including tetracycline-resistant organisms. + ARO:3004024 Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole An antibiotic cocktail containing the diaminopyrimidine antibiotic Trimethoprim and the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (1 TMP:5 SMX). + + +AMR_phenotype menu AmrPhenotypeMenu GENEPIO:0002040 Antibiotic resistance not defined [GENEPIO:0002040] A not defined resistance indicates that an isolate was not tested against a given antibiotic, or the result of the test was inconclusive. + ARO:3004300 Intermediate antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004300] Intermediate sensitivity of a bacterial strain to a given antibiotic occurs when it is inhibited by a concentration of the drug that is associated with uncertain therapeutic effect. The elimination of intermediate phenotype bacteria may depend on the site of infection and/or the concentration of the administered drug. + GENEPIO:0100585 Indeterminate antimicrobial phenotype [GENEPIO:0100585] A not defined resistance which indicates that the result of the test was inconclusive. + ARO:3004303 Nonsusceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004303] A bacterial strain is said to be nonsusceptible to a given antibiotic drug if it demonstrates either an intermediate or resistant phenotype when exposed to a concentration of a drug that is associated with a high likelihood of therapeutic failure, i.e. if the bacterial strain is not susceptible to the antibiotic drug but not necessarily totally resistant under all conditions. + ARO:3004301 Resistant antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004301] A bacterial strain is said to be resistant to a given antibiotic when it is inhibited in vitro by a concentration of this drug that is associated with a high likelihood of therapeutic failure. + ARO:3004302 Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302] A bacterial strain is said to be susceptible to a given antibiotic when it is inhibited in vitro by a concentration of a drug that is associated with a high likelihood of therapeutic success + ARO:3004304 Susceptible dose dependent antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004304] A bacterial strain is said to be susceptible-dose dependent (SDD) to a given antibiotic when growth is inhibited with a high likelihood of therapeutic success, but when multiple approved dosing options exist. When a higher or more frequent dose is used, the predicted therapeutic result is the same as for susceptible individuals. + +AMR_measurement_units menu AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu UO:0000273 milligram per litre (mg/L) [UO:0000273] A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in milligrams divided by the volume in liters. + UO:0000016 millimetre (mm) [UO:0000016] A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of a meter or 10^[-3] m + UO:0000274 microgram per millilitre (ug/mL) [UO:0000274] A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in micrograms divided by the volume in millliters. + + +AMR_measurement_sign menu AmrMeasurementSignMenu GENEPIO:0001002 less than (<) [GENEPIO:0001002] The "less than" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at less than a given quantity or concentration. + GENEPIO:0001003 less than or equal to (<=) [GENEPIO:0001003] The "less than or equal to" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at less than or equal to a given quantity or concentration. + GENEPIO:0001004 equal to (==) [GENEPIO:0001004] The "equal to" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at the given quantity or concentration. + GENEPIO:0001006 greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006] The "greater than" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at greater than a given quantity or concentration. + GENEPIO:0001005 greater than or equal to (>=) [GENEPIO:0001005] The "greater than or equal to" comparator indicates that a given substance was present at greater than or equal to a given quantity or concentration. + + +AMR_laboratory_typing_method menu AmrLaboratoryTypingMethodMenu NCIT:85595 Agar diffusion [NCIT:85595] A method to determine microbial susceptibility to antibiotics wherein bacteria are inoculated onto agar plates and the antimicrobial agent diffused onto the agar plate from a filter paper disk. An approximate, but not exact, MIC is determined by the diameter of growth inhibition zones. This method has been found to have good correlation between in-vivo data and in-vitro data. [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ] + NCIT:85596 Antimicrobial gradient (E-test) [NCIT:85596] A method to determine microbial susceptibility to antibiotics in which a plastic strip impregnated with the antibiotic of interest is placed on an agar plate that has been inoculated with bacteria. The antibiotic diffuses from the strip producing a concentration gradient of drug on the agar. The point at which the elliptical shaped area of growth inhibition meets the strip is the minimum inhibitory concentration of the drug of interest. [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ] + ARO:3004411 Agar dilution [ARO:3004411] In this method, bacteria are inoculated onto agar plates and the antimicrobial agent is injected into the plate and allowed to diffuse. [ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29403965 ] + ARO:3004397 Broth dilution [ARO:3004397] The microbial species are inoculated in liquid growth medium containing incremental dilutions (usually 2-fold) of the antimicrobial agent. + + +AMR_laboratory_typing_platform menu AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu ARO:3007569 BIOMIC Microbiology System [ARO:3007569] Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by Giles Scientific. + ARO:3004400 Microscan [ARO:3004400] Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by Omron. + ARO:3004401 Phoenix [ARO:3004401] Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by Becton Dickinson. + ARO:3004402 Sensititre [ARO:3004402] Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by ThermoFisher Scientific. + ARO:3004403 Vitek System [ARO:3004403] Specific automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility developed by bioMérieux. + +AMR_vendor_name menu ARO:3004405 Becton Dickinson [ARO:3004405] Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in New Jersey, USA. Becton Dickinson is the developer of the Phoenix automated testing platform. + ARO:3004406 bioMérieux [ARO:3004406] Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in France. bioMérieux is the developer of the Vitek automated testing platform. + ARO:3004408 Omron [ARO:3004408] Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility based in Japan. Omron is the developer of the MicroScan automated testing platform. + ARO:3004407 Siemens [ARO:3004407] Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility headquartered in Berlin and Munich. + ARO:3004409 Trek [ARO:3004409] Specific vendor of automated system of analysis for determining antimicrobial susceptibility that was acquired by Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Thermo Fisher Scienfiic Inc. is headquartered in Massachusetts, USA. Trek is the developer of the Sensitire automated testing platform. + + +AMR_testing_standard menu AmrTestingStandardMenu ARO:3004365 British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) [ARO:3004365] + ARO:3004366 Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366] + ARO:3004367 Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) [ARO:3004367] + ARO:3004368 European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) [ARO:3004368] + ARO:3007195 National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) [ARO:3007195] + ARO:3007193 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) [ARO:3007193] + ARO:3004369 Société Française de Microbiologie (SFM) [ARO:3004369] + ARO:3007397 Swedish Reference Group for Antibiotics (SIR) [ARO:3007397] + ARO:3007398 Werkgroep Richtlijnen Gevoeligheidsbepalingen (WRG) [ARO:3007398] + +geo_loc_name_(country) menu GeoLocNameCountryMenu GAZ:00006882 Afghanistan [GAZ:00006882] + GAZ:00002953 Albania [GAZ:00002953] A landlocked country that is located approximately in the center of Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east Iran in the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast. Afghanistan is administratively divided into thirty-four (34) provinces (welayats). Each province is then divided into many provincial districts, and each district normally covers a city or several townships. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan ] + GAZ:00000563 Algeria [GAZ:00000563] A country in South Eastern Europe. Albania is bordered by Greece to the south-east, Montenegro to the north, Kosovo to the northeast, and the Republic of Macedonia to the east. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the west, and on the Ionian Sea to the southwest. From the Strait of Otranto, Albania is less than 100 km from Italy. Albania is divided into 12 administrative divisions called (Albanian: official qark/qarku, but often prefekture/prefektura Counties), 36 districts (Rrethe) and 351 municipalities (Bashkia) and communes (Komuna). [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania ] + GAZ:00003957 American Samoa [GAZ:00003957] A country in North Africa. It is bordered by Tunisia in the northeast, Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, a few km of the Western Sahara in the west, Morocco in the northwest, and the Mediterranean Sea in the north. It divided into 48 provinces (wilayas), 553 districts (dairas) and 1,541 municipalities (communes, baladiyahs). [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria ] + GAZ:00002948 Andorra [GAZ:00002948] An unincorporated territory of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of the sovereign State of Samoa. The main (largest and most populous) island is Tutuila, with the Manu'a Islands, Rose Atoll, and Swains Island also included in the territory. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Samoa ] + GAZ:00001095 Angola [GAZ:00001095] A small landlocked country in western Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain (Catalonia) and France. Andorra consists of seven communities known as parishes (Catalan: parroquies, singular - parroquia). Until relatively recently, it had only six parishes; the seventh, Escaldes-Engordany, was created in 1978. Some parishes have a further territorial subdivision. Ordino, La Massana and Sant Julia de Loria are subdivided into quarts (quarters), while Canillo is subdivided into veinats (neighborhoods). Those mostly coincide with villages, which are found in all parishes. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andorra ] + GAZ:00009159 Anguilla [GAZ:00009159] A country in south-central Africa bordering Namibia to the south, Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, and Zambia to the east, and with a west coast along the Atlantic Ocean. The exclave province Cabinda has a border with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angola ] + GAZ:00000462 Antarctica [GAZ:00000462] A British overseas territory in the Caribbean, one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles. It consists of the main island of Anguilla itself, approximately 26 km long by 5 km wide at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguila ] + GAZ:00006883 Antigua and Barbuda [GAZ:00006883] The Earth's southernmost continent, overlying the South Pole. It is situated in the southern hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctica ] + GAZ:00002928 Argentina [GAZ:00002928] An island nation located on the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda ] + GAZ:00004094 Armenia [GAZ:00004094] A South American country, constituted as a federation of twenty-three provinces and an autonomous city. It is bordered by Paraguay and Bolivia in the north, Brazil and Uruguay in the northeast, and Chile in the west and south. The country claims the British controlled territories of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. Argentina also claims 969,464 km2 of Antarctica, known as Argentine Antarctica, overlapping other claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom. Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one federal district (Capital de la Republica or Capital de la Nacion, informally the Capital Federal). The federal district and the provinces have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system. Provinces are then divided into departments (Spanish: departamentos, singular departamento), except for Buenos Aires Province, which is divided into partidos. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina ] + GAZ:00004025 Aruba [GAZ:00004025] A landlocked mountainous country in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Southern Caucasus. It borders Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan to the south. A transcontinental country at the juncture of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. A former republic of the Soviet Union. Armenia is divided into ten marzes (provinces, singular marz), with the city (kaghak) of Yerevan having special administrative status as the country's capital. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia ] + GAZ:00005901 Ashmore and Cartier Islands [GAZ:00005901] An autonomous region within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Aruba has no administrative subdivisions. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruba ] + GAZ:00000463 Australia [GAZ:00000463] A Territory of Australia that includes two groups of small low-lying uninhabited tropical islands in the Indian Ocean situated on the edge of the continental shelf north-west of Australia and south of the Indonesian island of Roti. [ url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands ] + GAZ:00002942 Austria [GAZ:00002942] A country in the southern hemisphere comprising the mainland of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and a number of other islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The neighbouring countries are Indonesia, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australia has six states, two major mainland territories, and other minor territories. + GAZ:00004941 Azerbaijan [GAZ:00004941] A landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The capital is the city of Vienna on the Danube River. Austria is divided into nine states (Bundeslander). These states are then divided into districts (Bezirke) and cities (Statutarstadte). Districts are subdivided into municipalities (Gemeinden). Cities have the competencies otherwise granted to both districts and municipalities. + GAZ:00002733 Bahamas [GAZ:00002733] A country in the he South Caucasus region of Eurasia, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. The Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan is bordered by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and Turkey to the northwest. Nagorno-Karabakh, along with 7 other districts in Azerbaijan's southwest, have been controlled by Armenia since the end of the Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1994. Azerbaijan is divided into 59 rayons 11 city districts (saharlar), and one autonomous republic (muxtar respublika). + GAZ:00005281 Bahrain [GAZ:00005281] A country consisting of two thousand cays and seven hundred islands that form an archipelago. It is located in the Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Florida and the United States, north of Cuba, the island of Hispanola and the Caribbean, and northwest of the British overseas territory of the Turks and Caicos Islands. It is divided into 32 districts, plus New Providence, whose affairs are handled directly by the central government. + GAZ:00007117 Baker Island [GAZ:00007117] A borderless island country in the Persian Gulf. Saudi Arabia lies to the west and is connected to Bahrain by the King Fahd Causeway, and Qatar is to the south across the Gulf of Bahrain. Bahrain is split into five governorates. + GAZ:00003750 Bangladesh [GAZ:00003750] An uninhabited atoll located just north of the equator in the central Pacific Ocean about 3,100 km southwest of Honolulu. Baker Island is an unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US. + GAZ:00001251 Barbados [GAZ:00001251] A country in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Myanmar to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south. Bangladesh is divided into six administrative divisions. Divisions are subdivided into districts (zila). There are 64 districts in Bangladesh, each further subdivided into upazila (subdistricts) or thana ("police stations"). + GAZ:00005810 Bassas da India [GAZ:00005810] An island country in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies, in the Caribbean region of the Americas, and the most easterly of the Caribbean Islands. It is 34 kilometres (21 miles) in length and up to 23 km (14 mi) in width, covering an area of 432 km2 (167 sq mi). It is in the western part of the North Atlantic, 100 km (62 mi) east of the Windward Islands and the Caribbean Sea.[7] Barbados is east of the Windwards, part of the Lesser Antilles, at roughly 13°N of the equator. It is about 168 km (104 mi) east of both the countries of Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and 180 km (110 mi) south-east of Martinique and 400 km (250 mi) north-east of Trinidad and Tobago. Barbados is outside the principal Atlantic hurricane belt. Its capital and largest city is Bridgetown. + GAZ:00006886 Belarus [GAZ:00006886] A roughly circular atoll about 10 km in diameter, which corresponds to a total size (including lagoon) of 80 km2. It is located in the southern Mozambique Channel, about half-way between Madagascar (which is 385 km to the east) and Mozambique, and 110 km northwest of Europa Island. It rises steeply from the seabed 3000 m below. + GAZ:00002938 Belgium [GAZ:00002938] A landlocked country in Eastern Europe, that borders Russia to the north and east, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the north. Its capital is Minsk. Belarus is divided into six voblasts, or provinces. Voblasts are further subdivided into raions (commonly translated as districts or regions). As of 2002, there are six voblasts, 118 raions, 102 towns and 108 urbanized settlements. Minsk is given a special status, due to the city serving as the national capital. + GAZ:00002934 Belize [GAZ:00002934] A country in northwest Europe. Belgium shares borders with France (620 km), Germany (167 km), Luxembourg (148 km) and the Netherlands (450 km). The Flemish Region (Flanders) and the Walloon Region (Wallonia) each comprise five provinces; the third region, Brussels-Capital Region, is not a province, nor does it contain any Together, these comprise 589 municipalities, which in general consist of several sub-municipalities (which were independent municipalities before the municipal merger operation mainly in 1977). + GAZ:00000904 Benin [GAZ:00000904] A country in Central America. It is the only officially English speaking country in the region. Belize was a British colony for more than a century and was known as British Honduras until 1973. It became an independent nation within The Commonwealth in 1981. Belize is divided into 6 districts, which are further divided into 31 constituencies. + GAZ:00001264 Bermuda [GAZ:00001264] A country in Western Africa. It borders Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east and Burkina Faso and Niger to the north; its short coastline to the south leads to the Bight of Benin. Its capital is Porto Novo, but the seat of government is Cotonou. Benin is divided into 12 departments and subdivided into 77 communes. + GAZ:00003920 Bhutan [GAZ:00003920] A British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Located off the east coast of the United States, it is situated around 1770 km NE of Miami, Florida and 1350 km S of Halifax, Nova Scotia. Comprised of approximately 138 islands. + GAZ:00002511 Bolivia [GAZ:00002511] A landlocked nation in South Asia. It is located amidst the eastern end of the Himalaya Mountains and is bordered to the south, east and west by India and to the north by Tibet. Bhutan is separated from Nepal by the Indian State of Sikkim. Bhutan is divided into four dzongdey (administrative zones). Each dzongdey is further divided into dzongkhag (districts). There are twenty dzongkhag in Bhutan. Large dzongkhags are further divided into subdistricts known as dungkhag. At the basic level, groups of villages form a constituency called gewog. + GAZ:00025355 Borneo [GAZ:00025355] A landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil on the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina on the south, and Chile and Peru on the west. Bolivia is divided into 9 departments (Spanish: departamentos). Each of the departments is subdivided into provinces (provincias), which are further subdivided into municipalities (municipios). + GAZ:00006887 Bosnia and Herzegovina [GAZ:00006887] An island at the grographic centre of Maritime Southeast Adia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and east of Sumatra. It is the third-largest island in the world and the larest in Asia. The island is politically divided among three countries: Malaysia and Brunei in the north, and Indonesia to the south.[1] Approximately 73% of the island is Indonesian territory. In the north, the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak make up about 26% of the island. Additionally, the Malaysian federal territory of Labuan is situated on a small island just off the coast of Borneo. The sovereign state of Brunei, located on the north coast, comprises about 1% of Borneo's land area. A little more than half of the island is in the Northern Hemisphere, including Brunei and the Malaysian portion, while the Indonesian portion spans the Northern and Southern hemispheres. + GAZ:00001097 Botswana [GAZ:00001097] A country on the Balkan peninsula of Southern Europe. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the south, Bosnia and Herzegovina is mostly landlocked, except for 26 km of the Adriatic Sea coastline. Bosnia and Herzegovina is now divided into three political regions of which one, the Brcko District is part of the other two, the Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine and the Republika Srpska. All three have an equal constitutional status on the whole territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. + GAZ:00001453 Bouvet Island [GAZ:00001453] A landlocked nation in Southern Africa. It is bordered by South Africa to the south and southeast, Namibia to the west, Zambia to the north, and Zimbabwe to the northeast. Botswana is divided into nine districts, which are subdivided into a total twenty-eight subdistricts. + GAZ:00002828 Brazil [GAZ:00002828] A sub-antarctic volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean, south-southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa). It is a dependent area of Norway and is not subject to the Antarctic Treaty, as it is north of the latitude south of which claims are suspended. + GAZ:00003961 British Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003961] A country in South America. Bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and by Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana and the department of French Guiana to the north, Colombia to the northwest, Bolivia and Peru to the west, Argentina and Paraguay to the southwest, and Uruguay to the south. Federation of twenty-six states (estados) and one federal district (Distrito Federal). The states are subdivided into municipalities. For statistical purposes, the States are grouped into five main regions: North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast and South. + GAZ:00003901 Brunei [GAZ:00003901] A British overseas territory, located in the Caribbean to the east of Puerto Rico. The islands make up part of the Virgin Islands archipelago, the remaining islands constituting the US Virgin Islands. The British Virgin Islands consist of the main islands of Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Anegada and Jost Van Dyke, along with over fifty other smaller islands and cays. Approximately fifteen of the islands are inhabited. + GAZ:00002950 Bulgaria [GAZ:00002950] A country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo, in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea it is completely surrounded by the State of Sarawak, Malaysia, and in fact it is separated into two parts by Limbang, which is part of Sarawak. Brunei is divided into four districts (daerah), the districts are subdivided into thirty-eight mukims, which are then divided into kampong (villages). + GAZ:00000905 Burkina Faso [GAZ:00000905] A country in Southeastern Europe, borders five other countries; Romania to the north (mostly along the Danube), Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west, and Greece and Turkey to the south. The Black Sea defines the extent of the country to the east. Since 1999, it has consisted of twenty-eight provinces. The provinces subdivide into 264 municipalities. + GAZ:00001090 Burundi [GAZ:00001090] A landlocked nation in West Africa. It is surrounded by six countries: Mali to the north, Niger to the east, Benin to the south east, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Cote d'Ivoire to the south west. Burkina Faso is divided into thirteen regions, forty-five provinces, and 301 departments (communes). + GAZ:00006888 Cambodia [GAZ:00006888] A small country in the Great Lakes region of Africa. It is bordered by Rwanda on the north, Tanzania on the south and east, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the west. Although the country is landlocked, much of its western border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika. Burundi is divided into 17 provinces, 117 communes, and 2,638 collines. + GAZ:00001093 Cameroon [GAZ:00001093] A country in Southeast Asia. The country borders Thailand to its west and northwest, Laos to its northeast, and Vietnam to its east and southeast. In the south it faces the Gulf of Thailand. + GAZ:00002560 Canada [GAZ:00002560] A country of central and western Africa. It borders Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Bonny, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. The Republic of Cameroon is divided into ten provinces and 58 divisions or departments. The divisions are further sub-divided into sub-divisions (arrondissements) and districts. + GAZ:00001227 Cape Verde [GAZ:00001227] A country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Canada is a federation composed of ten provinces and three territories; in turn, these may be grouped into regions. Western Canada consists of British Columbia and the three Prairie provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba). Central Canada consists of Quebec and Ontario. Atlantic Canada consists of the three Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia), along with Newfoundland and Labrador. Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together. Three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) make up Northern Canada. + GAZ:00003986 Cayman Islands [GAZ:00003986] A republic located on an archipelago in the Macaronesia ecoregion of the North Atlantic Ocean, off the western coast of Africa. Cape Verde is divided into 22 municipalities (concelhos), and subdivided into 32 parishes (freguesias). + GAZ:00001089 Central African Republic [GAZ:00001089] A British overseas territory located in the western Caribbean Sea, comprising the islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, and Little Cayman. The Cayman Islands are divided into seven districts. + GAZ:00000586 Chad [GAZ:00000586] A landlocked country in Central Africa. It borders Chad in the north, Sudan in the east, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the south, and Cameroon in the west. The Central African Republic is divided into 14 administrative prefectures (prefectures), along with 2 economic prefectures (prefectures economiques) and one autonomous commune. The prefectures are further divided into 71 sub-prefectures (sous-prefectures). + GAZ:00002825 Chile [GAZ:00002825] A landlocked country in central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Chad is divided into 18 regions. The departments are divided into 200 sub-prefectures, which are in turn composed of 446 cantons. This is due to change. + GAZ:00002845 China [GAZ:00002845] A country in South America occupying a long and narrow coastal strip wedged between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific forms the country's entire western border, with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage at the country's southernmost tip. Chile claims 1,250,000 km2 of territory in Antarctica. Chile is divided into 15 regions. Every region is further divided into provinces. Finally each province is divided into communes. Each region is designated by a name and a Roman numeral, assigned from north to south. The only exception is the region housing the nation's capital, which is designated RM, that stands for Region Metropolitana (Metropolitan Region). Two new regions were created in 2006: Arica-Parinacota in the north, and Los Rios in the south. Both became operative in 2007-10. + GAZ:00005915 Christmas Island [GAZ:00005915] A large country in Northeast Asia. China borders 14 nations (counted clockwise from south): Vietnam, Laos, Burma, India, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Russia, Mongolia and North Korea. Additionally the border between PRC and ROC is located in territorial waters. The People's Republic of China has administrative control over twenty-two provinces and considers Taiwan to be its twenty-third province. There are also five autonomous regions, each with a designated minority group; four municipalities; and two Special Administrative Regions that enjoy considerable autonomy. The People's Republic of China administers 33 province-level regions, 333 prefecture-level regions, 2,862 county-level regions, 41,636 township-level regions, and several village-level regions. + GAZ:00005838 Clipperton Island [GAZ:00005838] An island in the Indian Ocean, 500 km south of Indonesia and about 2600 km northwest of Perth. The island is the flat summit of a submarine mountain. + GAZ:00009721 Cocos Islands [GAZ:00009721] A nine-square km coral atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, southwest of Mexico and west of Costa Rica. + GAZ:00002929 Colombia [GAZ:00002929] Islands that located in the Indian Ocean, about halfway between Australia and Sri Lanka. A territory of Australia. There are two atolls and twenty-seven coral islands in the group. + GAZ:00005820 Comoros [GAZ:00005820] A country located in the northwestern region of South America. Colombia is bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the North by the Atlantic Ocean, through the Caribbean Sea; to the north-west by Panama; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Besides the countries in South America, the Republic of Colombia is recognized to share maritime borders with the Caribbean countries of Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic and the Central American countries of Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. Colombia is divided into 32 departments and one capital district which is treated as a department. There are in total 10 districts assigned to cities in Colombia including Bogota, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Tunja, Cucuta, Popayan, Buenaventura, Tumaco and Turbo. Colombia is also subdivided into some municipalities which form departments, each with a municipal seat capital city assigned. Colombia is also subdivided into corregimientos which form municipalities. + GAZ:00053798 Cook Islands [GAZ:00053798] An island nation in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern coast of Africa on the northern end of the Mozambique Channel between northern Madagascar and northeastern Mozambique. + GAZ:00005917 Coral Sea Islands [GAZ:00005917] A self-governing parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand. The fifteen small islands in this South Pacific Ocean country have a total land area of 240 km2, but the Cook Islands Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers 1.8 million km2 of ocean. + GAZ:00002901 Costa Rica [GAZ:00002901] A Territory of Australia which includes a group of small and mostly uninhabited tropical islands and reefs in the Coral Sea, northeast of Queensland, Australia. The only inhabited island is Willis Island. The territory covers 780,000 km2, extending east and south from the outer edge of the Great Barrier Reef, and including Heralds Beacon Island, Osprey Reef, the Willis Group, and fifteen other reef/island groups. + GAZ:00000906 Cote d'Ivoire [GAZ:00000906] A republic in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the east-southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, and the Caribbean Sea to the east. Costa Rica is composed of seven provinces, which in turn are divided into 81 cantons. + GAZ:00002719 Croatia [GAZ:00002719] A country in West Africa. It borders Liberia and Guinea to the west, Mali and Burkina Faso to the north, Ghana to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. Cote d'Ivoire is divided into nineteen regions (regions). The regions are further divided into 58 departments. + GAZ:00003762 Cuba [GAZ:00003762] A country at the crossroads of the Mediterranean, Central Europe, and the Balkans. Its capital is Zagreb. Croatia borders with Slovenia and Hungary to the north, Serbia to the northeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the east, Montenegro to the far southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the south. Croatia is divided into 21 counties (zupanija) and the capital Zagreb's city district. + GAZ:00012582 Curacao [GAZ:00012582] A country that consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles), Isla de la Juventud and several adjacent small islands. Fourteen provinces and one special municipality (the Isla de la Juventud) now compose Cuba. + GAZ:00004006 Cyprus [GAZ:00004006] One of five island areas of the Netherlands Antilles. + GAZ:00002954 Czech Republic [GAZ:00002954] The third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and Sardinia), Cyprus is situated in the eastern Mediterranean, just south of the Anatolian peninsula (or Asia Minor) of the Asian mainland; thus, it is often included in the Middle East (see also Western Asia and Near East). Turkey is 75 km north; other neighbouring countries include Syria and Lebanon to the east, Israel to the southeast, Egypt to the south, and Greece to the west-north-west. + GAZ:00001086 Democratic Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001086] A landlocked country in Central Europe. It has borders with Poland to the north, Germany to the northwest and southwest, Austria to the south, and Slovakia to the east. The capital and largest city is Prague. The country is composed of the historic regions of Bohemia and Moravia, as well as parts of Silesia. Since 2000, the Czech Republic is divided into thirteen regions (kraje, singular kraj) and the capital city of Prague. The older seventy-six districts (okresy, singular okres) including three 'statutory cities' (without Prague, which had special status) were disbanded in 1999 in an administrative reform; they remain as territorial division and seats of various branches of state administration. Since 2003-01-01, the regions have been divided into around 203 Municipalities with Extended Competence (unofficially named "Little Districts" (Czech: 'male okresy') which took over most of the administration of the former District Authorities. Some of these are further divided into Municipalities with Commissioned Local Authority. However, the old districts still exist as territorial units and remain as seats of some of the offices. + GAZ:00005852 Denmark [GAZ:00005852] A country of central Africa. It borders the Central African Republic and Sudan on the north, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi on the east, Zambia and Angola on the south, the Republic of the Congo on the west, and is separated from Tanzania by Lake Tanganyika on the east. The country enjoys access to the ocean through a 40 km stretch of Atlantic coastline at Muanda and the roughly 9 km wide mouth of the Congo river which opens into the Gulf of Guinea. Congo Kinshasa is now divided into 11 Provinces, to be redistributed into 25 Provinces from 2.2009. Each Province is divided into Zones. + GAZ:00000582 Djibouti [GAZ:00000582] That part of the Kingdom of Denmark located in continental Europe. The mainland is bordered to the south by Germany; Denmark is located to the southwest of Sweden and the south of Norway. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland (Jylland) and a large number of islands, most notably Zealand (Sjaelland), Funen (Fyn), Vendsyssel-Thy, Lolland, Falster and Bornholm as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago. + GAZ:00006890 Dominica [GAZ:00006890] A country in eastern Africa. Djibouti is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. On the other side of the Red Sea, on the Arabian Peninsula, 20 km from the coast of Djibouti, is Yemen. The capital of Djibouti is the city of Djibouti. Djibouti is divided into 5 regions and one city. It is further subdivided into 11 districts. + GAZ:00003952 Dominican Republic [GAZ:00003952] An island nation in the Caribbean Sea. Dominica is divided into ten parishes. + GAZ:00002912 Ecuador [GAZ:00002912] A country in the West Indies that occupies the E two-thirds of the Hispaniola island. The Dominican Republic's shores are washed by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Sea to the south. The Mona Passage, a channel about 130 km wide, separates the country (and the Hispaniola) from Puerto Rico. The Dominican Republic is divided into 31 provinces. Additionally, the national capital, Santo Domingo, is contained within its own Distrito Nacional (National District). The provinces are divided into municipalities (municipios; singular municipio). + GAZ:00003934 Egypt [GAZ:00003934] A country in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, by Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. The country also includes the Galapagos Islands (Archipelago de Colon) in the Pacific, about 965 km west of the mainland. Ecuador is divided into 24 provinces, divided into 199 cantons and subdivided into parishes (or parroquias). + GAZ:00002935 El Salvador [GAZ:00002935] A country in North Africa that includes the Sinai Peninsula, a land bridge to Asia. Egypt borders Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, and the Gaza Strip and Israel to the east. The northern coast borders the Mediterranean Sea and the island of Cyprus; the eastern coast borders the Red Sea. Egypt is divided into 26 governorates (in Arabic, called muhafazat, singular muhafazah). The governorates are further divided into regions (markazes). + GAZ:00001091 Equatorial Guinea [GAZ:00001091] A country in Central America, bordering the Pacific Ocean between Guatemala and Honduras. El Salvador is divided into 14 departments (departamentos), which, in turn, are subdivided into 267 municipalities (municipios). + GAZ:00000581 Eritrea [GAZ:00000581] A country in Central Africa. It is one of the smallest countries in continental Africa, and comprises two regions: Rio Muni, continental region including several offshore islands; and Insular Region containing Annobon island in the South Atlantic Ocean, and Bioko island (formerly Fernando Po) that contains the capital, Malabo. Equatorial Guinea is divided into seven provinces which are divided into districts. + GAZ:00002959 Estonia [GAZ:00002959] A country situated in northern East Africa. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The east and northeast of the country have an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea. Eritrea is divided into six regions (zobas) and subdivided into districts ("sub-zobas"). + GAZ:00001099 Eswatini [GAZ:00001099] A country in Northern Europe. Estonia has land borders to the south with Latvia and to the east with Russia. It is separated from Finland in the north by the Gulf of Finland and from Sweden in the west by the Baltic Sea. Estonia is divided into 15 counties. (maakonnad; sing. - maakond). Estonian counties are divided into rural (vallad, singular vald) and urban (linnad, singular linn; alevid, singular alev; alevikud, singular alevik) municipalities. The municipalities comprise populated places (asula or asustusuksus) - various settlements and territorial units that have no administrative function. A group of populated places form a rural municipality with local administration. Most towns constitute separate urban municipalities, while some have joined with surrounding rural municipalities. + GAZ:00000567 Ethiopia [GAZ:00000567] A small, landlocked country in Africa embedded between South Africa in the west, north and south and Mozambique in the east. Swaziland is divided into four districts, each of which is divided into Tinkhundla (singular, Inkhundla). + GAZ:00005811 Europa Island [GAZ:00005811] A country situated in the Horn of Africa that has been landlocked since the independence of its northern neighbor Eritrea in 1993. Apart from Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia is bordered by Sudan to the west, Kenya to the south, Djibouti to the northeast, and Somalia to the east. Since 1996 Ethiopia has had a tiered government system consisting of a federal government overseeing ethnically-based regional states, zones, districts (woredas), and neighborhoods (kebele). It is divided into nine ethnically-based administrative states (kililoch, singular kilil) and subdivided into sixty-eight zones and two chartered cities (astedader akababiwoch, singular astedader akababi): Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa. It is further subdivided into 550 woredas and six special woredas. + GAZ:00001412 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) [GAZ:00001412] A 28 km2 low-lying tropical island in the Mozambique Channel, about a third of the way from southern Madagascar to southern Mozambique. + GAZ:00059206 Faroe Islands [GAZ:00059206] An archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, located 483 km from the coast of Argentina, 1,080 km west of the Shag Rocks (South Georgia), and 940 km north of Antarctica (Elephant Island). They consist of two main islands, East Falkland and West Falkland, together with 776 smaller islands. + GAZ:00006891 Fiji [GAZ:00006891] An autonomous province of the Kingdom of Denmark since 1948 located in the Faroes. Administratively, the islands are divided into 34 municipalities (kommunur) within which 120 or so cities and villages lie. + GAZ:00002937 Finland [GAZ:00002937] An island nation in the South Pacific Ocean east of Vanuatu, west of Tonga and south of Tuvalu. The country occupies an archipelago of about 322 islands, of which 106 are permanently inhabited, and 522 islets. The two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, account for 87% of the population. + GAZ:00003940 France [GAZ:00003940] A Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It has borders with Sweden to the west, Russia to the east, and Norway to the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland. The capital city is Helsinki. Finland is divided into six administrative provinces (laani, plural laanit). These are divided into 20 regions (maakunt), 77 subregions (seutukunta) and then into municipalities (kunta). + GAZ:00002516 French Guiana [GAZ:00002516] A part of the country of France that extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Metropolitan France is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra, and Spain. Due to its overseas departments. + GAZ:00002918 French Polynesia [GAZ:00002918] An overseas department (departement d'outre-mer) of France, located on the northern coast of South America. It is bordered by Suriname, to the E, and Brazil, to the S and W, and by the North Atlantic Ocean, to the N. French Guiana is divided into 2 departmental arrondissements, 19 cantons and 22 communes. + GAZ:00003753 French Southern and Antarctic Lands [GAZ:00003753] A French overseas collectivity in the southern Pacific Ocean. It is made up of several groups of Polynesian islands. French Polynesia has five administrative subdivisions (French: subdivisions administratives). + GAZ:00001092 Gabon [GAZ:00001092] The French Southern and Antarctic Lands have formed a territoire d'outre-mer (an overseas territory) of France since 1955. The territory is divided into five districts. + GAZ:00000907 Gambia [GAZ:00000907] A country in west central Africa sharing borders with Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Republic of the Congo and the Gulf of Guinea. The capital and largest city is Libreville. Gabon is divided into 9 provinces and further divided into 37 departments. + GAZ:00009571 Gaza Strip [GAZ:00009571] A country in Western Africa. It is the smallest country on the African continental mainland and is bordered to the north, east, and south by Senegal, and has a small coast on the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Flowing through the centre of the country and discharging to the Atlantic Ocean is the Gambia River. The Gambia is divided into five divisions and one city (Banjul). The divisions are further subdivided into 37 districts. + GAZ:00004942 Georgia [GAZ:00004942] A Palestinian enclave on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Egypt on the southwest for 11 kilometers (6.8 mi) and Israel on the east and north along a 51 km (32 mi) border. Gaza and the West Bank are claimed by the de jure sovereign State of Palestine. + GAZ:00002646 Germany [GAZ:00002646] A Eurasian country in the Caucasus located at the east coast of the Black Sea. In the north, Georgia has a 723 km common border with Russia, specifically with the Northern Caucasus federal district. The following Russian republics/subdivisions: from west to east: border Georgia: Krasnodar Krai, Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia-Alania, Ingushetia, Chechnya, Dagestan. Georgia also shares borders with Azerbaijan (322 km) to the south-east, Armenia (164 km) to the south, and Turkey (252 km) to the south-west. It is a transcontinental country, located at the juncture of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. Georgia is divided into 9 regions, 2 autonomous republics (avtonomiuri respublika), and 1 city (k'alak'i). The regions are further subdivided into 69 districts (raioni). + GAZ:00000908 Ghana [GAZ:00000908] A country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Germany comprises 16 states (Lander, Bundeslander), which are further subdivided into 439 districts (Kreise/Landkreise) and cities (kreisfreie Stadte). + GAZ:00003987 Gibraltar [GAZ:00003987] A country in West Africa. It borders Cote d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, Togo to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. Ghana is a divided into 10 regions, subdivided into a total of 138 districts. + GAZ:00005808 Glorioso Islands [GAZ:00005808] A British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar. The territory shares a border with Spain to the north. + GAZ:00002945 Greece [GAZ:00002945] A group of islands and rocks totalling 5 km2, in the northern Mozambique channel, about 160 km northwest of Madagascar. + GAZ:00001507 Greenland [GAZ:00001507] A country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula. It has borders with Albania, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east and south of mainland Greece, while the Ionian Sea lies to the west. Both parts of the Eastern Mediterranean basin feature a vast number of islands. Greece consists of thirteen peripheries subdivided into a total of fifty-one prefectures (nomoi, singular nomos). There is also one autonomous area, Mount Athos, which borders the periphery of Central Macedonia. + GAZ:02000573 Grenada [GAZ:02000573] A self-governing Danish province located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. + GAZ:00067142 Guadeloupe [GAZ:00067142] An island country in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at the southern end of the Grenadines island chain. Grenada consists of the island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, Carriacou and Petite Martinique, and several small islands which lie to the north of the main island and are a part of the Grenadines. It is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, northeast of Venezuela and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Its size is 348.5 square kilometres (134.6 sq mi), and it had an estimated population of 112,523 in July 2020. + GAZ:00003706 Guam [GAZ:00003706] An archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands—Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the two inhabited Îles des Saintes—as well as many uninhabited islands and outcroppings. It is south of Antigua and Barbuda and Montserrat, and north of Dominica. + GAZ:00002936 Guatemala [GAZ:00002936] An organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic center of the U.S.); in Oceania, it is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands and the largest island in Micronesia. + GAZ:00001550 Guernsey [GAZ:00001550] A country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the northwest, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize and the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast. Guatemala is divided into 22 departments (departamentos) and sub-divided into about 332 municipalities (municipios). + GAZ:00000909 Guinea [GAZ:00000909] A British Crown Dependency in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy. + GAZ:00000910 Guinea-Bissau [GAZ:00000910] A nation in West Africa, formerly known as French Guinea. Guinea's territory has a curved shape, with its base at the Atlantic Ocean, inland to the east, and turning south. The base borders Guinea-Bissau and Senegal to the north, and Mali to the north and north-east; the inland part borders Cote d'Ivoire to the south-east, Liberia to the south, and Sierra Leone to the west of the southern tip. + GAZ:00002522 Guyana [GAZ:00002522] A country in western Africa, and one of the smallest nations in continental Africa. It is bordered by Senegal to the north, and Guinea to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west. Formerly the Portuguese colony of Portuguese Guinea, upon independence, the name of its capital, Bissau, was added to the country's name in order to prevent confusion between itself and the Republic of Guinea. + GAZ:00003953 Haiti [GAZ:00003953] A country in the N of South America. Guyana lies north of the equator, in the tropics, and is located on the Atlantic Ocean. Guyana is bordered to the east by Suriname, to the south and southwest by Brazil and to the west by Venezuela. Guyana is divided into 10 regions. The regions of Guyana are divided into 27 neighborhood councils. + GAZ:00009718 Heard Island and McDonald Islands [GAZ:00009718] A country located in the Greater Antilles archipelago on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Haiti is divided into 10 departments. The departments are further divided into 41 arrondissements, and 133 communes which serve as second and third level administrative divisions. + GAZ:00002894 Honduras [GAZ:00002894] An Australian external territory comprising a volcanic group of mostly barren Antarctic islands, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica. + GAZ:00003203 Hong Kong [GAZ:00003203] A republic in Central America. The country is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean at the Gulf of Fonseca, and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras, a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea. Honduras is divided into 18 departments. The capital city is Tegucigalpa Central District of the department of Francisco Morazan. + GAZ:00007120 Howland Island [GAZ:00007120] A special administrative region of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The territory lies on the eastern side of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Guangdong province in the north and facing the South China Sea in the east, west and south. Hong Kong was a crown colony of the United Kingdom from 1842 until the transfer of its sovereignty to the People's Republic of China in 1997. + GAZ:00002952 Hungary [GAZ:00002952] An uninhabited coral island located just north of the equator in the central Pacific Ocean, about 3,100 km (1,670 nm) southwest of Honolulu. The island is almost half way between Hawaii and Australia and is an unincorporated, unorganized territory of the United States, and is often included as one of the Phoenix Islands. For statistical purposes, Howland is grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. + GAZ:00000843 Iceland [GAZ:00000843] A landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. Its capital is Budapest. Hungary is divided into 19 counties (megyek, singular: megye). In addition, the capital city (fovaros), Budapest, is independent of any county government. The counties are further subdivided into 173 subregions (kistersegek), and Budapest is comprised of its own subregion. Since 1996, the counties and City of Budapest have been grouped into 7 regions for statistical and development purposes. These seven regions constitute NUTS second-level units of Hungary. + GAZ:00002839 India [GAZ:00002839] A country in northern Europe, comprising the island of Iceland and its outlying islands in the North Atlantic Ocean between the rest of Europe and Greenland. + GAZ:00003727 Indonesia [GAZ:00003727] A country in South Asia. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517 km. It borders Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and Indonesia in the Indian Ocean. India is a federal republic of twenty-eight states and seven Union Territories. Each state or union territory is divided into basic units of government and administration called districts. There are nearly 600 districts in India. The districts in turn are further divided into tehsils and eventually into villages. + GAZ:00004474 Iran [GAZ:00004474] An archipelagic state in Southeast Asia. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia consists of 33 provinces, five of which have special status. The provinces are subdivided into regencies (kabupaten, distrik in Papua and West Papua Provinces) and cities (kota), which are further subdivided into subdistricts (kecamatan), and again into village groupings (either desa or kelurahan). + GAZ:00004483 Iraq [GAZ:00004483] A country in Central Eurasia. Iran is bounded by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south and the Caspian Sea to its north. It borders Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and Turkey and Iraq to the west. Iran is divided into 30 provinces (ostan). The provinces are divided into counties (shahrestan), and subdivided into districts (bakhsh) and sub-districts (dehestan). + GAZ:00002943 Ireland [GAZ:00002943] A country in the Middle East spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert. It shares borders with Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the west, Syria to the northwest, Turkey to the north, and Iran to the east. It has a very narrow section of coastline at Umm Qasr on the Persian Gulf. There are two major flowing rivers: the Tigris and the Euphrates. Iraq is divided into 18 governorates (or provinces) (muhafazah). The governorates are divided into qadhas (or districts). + GAZ:00052477 Isle of Man [GAZ:00052477] A country in north-western Europe. The modern sovereign state occupies five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was partitioned in 1921. It is bordered by Northern Ireland (part of the United Kingdom) to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and by the Irish Sea to the east. Administration follows the 34 "county-level" counties and cities of Ireland. Of these twenty-nine are counties, governed by county councils while the five cities of Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway and Waterford have city councils, (previously known as corporations), and are administered separately from the counties bearing those names. The City of Kilkenny is the only city in the republic which does not have a "city council"; it is still a borough but not a county borough and is administered as part of County Kilkenny. Ireland is split into eight regions for NUTS statistical purposes. These are not related to the four traditional provinces but are based on the administrative counties. + GAZ:00002476 Israel [GAZ:00002476] A Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the centre of the Irish Sea. It is not part of the United Kingdom, European Union or United Nations. + GAZ:00002650 Italy [GAZ:00002650] A country in Western Asia located on the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest. The West Bank and Gaza Strip, which are partially administrated by the Palestinian National Authority, are also adjacent. The State of Israel is divided into six main administrative districts, known as mehozot (singular mahoz). Districts are further divided into fifteen sub-districts known as nafot (singular: nafa), which are themselves partitioned into fifty natural regions. + GAZ:00003781 Jamaica [GAZ:00003781] A country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within the Italian Peninsula, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. Italy is subdivided into 20 regions (regioni, singular regione). Five of these regions have a special autonomous status that enables them to enact legislation on some of their local matters. It is further divided into 109 provinces (province) and 8,101 municipalities (comuni). + GAZ:00005853 Jan Mayen [GAZ:00005853] A nation of the Greater Antilles. Jamaica is divided into 14 parishes, which are grouped into three historic counties that have no administrative relevance. + GAZ:00002747 Japan [GAZ:00002747] A volcanic island that is part of the Kingdom of Norway, It has two parts: larger Nord-Jan and smaller Sor-Jan, linked by an isthmus 2.5 km wide. It lies 600 km north of Iceland, 500 km east of Greenland and 1,000 km west of the Norwegian mainland. The island is mountainous, the highest summit being the Beerenberg volcano in the north. The isthmus is the location of the two largest lakes of the island, Sorlaguna (South Lagoon), and Nordlaguna (North Lagoon). A third lake is called Ullerenglaguna (Ullereng Lagoon). Jan Mayen was formed by the Jan Mayen hotspot. + GAZ:00007118 Jarvis Island [GAZ:00007118] An island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. + GAZ:00001551 Jersey [GAZ:00001551] An uninhabited 4.5 km2 coral atoll located in the South Pacific Ocean about halfway between Hawaii and the Cook Islands. It is an unincorporated territory of the United States administered from Washington, DC by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service of the United States Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system. Jarvis is one of the southern Line Islands and for statistical purposes is also grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. Sits atop the Jarvis Seamount. + GAZ:00007114 Johnston Atoll [GAZ:00007114] A British Crown Dependency[6] off the coast of Normandy, France. As well as the island of Jersey itself, the bailiwick includes two groups of small islands that are no longer permanently inhabited, the Minquiers and Ecrehous, and the Pierres de Lecq. + GAZ:00002473 Jordan [GAZ:00002473] A 130 km2 atoll in the North Pacific Ocean about 1400 km (750 nm) west of Hawaii. There are four islands located on the coral reef platform, two natural islands, Johnston Island and Sand Island, which have been expanded by coral dredging, as well as North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina), artificial islands formed from coral dredging. Johnston is an unincorporated territory of the United States, administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior as part of the United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges. Sits atop Johnston Seamount. + GAZ:00005809 Juan de Nova Island [GAZ:00005809] A country in Southwest Asia, bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the north-east, Israel and the West Bank to the west, and Saudi Arabia to the east and south. It shares the coastlines of the Dead Sea, and the Gulf of Aqaba with Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt. Jordan is divided into 12 provinces called governorates. The Governorates are subdivided into approximately fifty-two nahias. + GAZ:00004999 Kazakhstan [GAZ:00004999] A 4.4 km2 low, flat, tropical island in the narrowest part of the Mozambique Channel, about one-third of the way between Madagascar and Mozambique. + GAZ:00001101 Kenya [GAZ:00001101] A country in Central Asia and Europe. It is bordered by Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and China. The country also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. Kazakhstan is divided into 14 provinces and two municipal districts. The provinces of Kazakhstan are divided into raions. + GAZ:00005682 Kerguelen Archipelago [GAZ:00005682] A country in Eastern Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north, Somalia to the east, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, and Sudan to the northwest, with the Indian Ocean running along the southeast border. Kenya comprises eight provinces each headed by a Provincial Commissioner (centrally appointed by the president). The provinces (mkoa singular mikoa plural in Swahili) are subdivided into districts (wilaya). There were 69 districts as of 1999 census. Districts are then subdivided into 497 divisions (taarafa). The divisions are then subdivided into 2,427 locations (kata) and then 6,612 sublocations (kata ndogo). The City of Nairobi enjoys the status of a full administrative province. + GAZ:00007116 Kingman Reef [GAZ:00007116] A group of islands in the southern Indian Ocean. It is a territory of France. They are composed primarily of Tertiary flood basalts and a complex of plutonic rocks. The trachybasaltic-to-trachytic Mount Ross stratovolcano at the southern end was active during the late Pleistocene. The Rallier du Baty Peninsula on the SW tip of the island contains two youthful subglacial eruptive centers, Mont St. Allouarn and Mont Henri Rallier du Baty. An active fumarole field is related to a series of Holocene trachytic lava flows and lahars that extend beyond the icecap. + GAZ:00006894 Kiribati [GAZ:00006894] A largely submerged, uninhabited tropical atoll located in the North Pacific Ocean, roughly half way between Hawaiian Islands and American Samoa. It is the northernmost of the Northern Line Islands and lies 65 km NNW of Palmyra Atoll, the next closest island, and has the status of an unincorporated territory of the United States, administered from Washington, DC by the US Navy. Sits atop Kingman Reef Seamount. + GAZ:00011337 Kosovo [GAZ:00011337] An island nation located in the central tropical Pacific Ocean. It is composed of 32 atolls and one raised coral island dispersed over 3,500,000 km2 straddling the equator and bordering the International Date Line to the east. It is divided into three island groups which have no administrative function, including a group which unites the Line Islands and the Phoenix Islands (ministry at London, Christmas). Each inhabited island has its own council (three councils on Tarawa: Betio, South-Tarawa, North-Tarawa; two councils on Tabiteuea). + GAZ:00005285 Kuwait [GAZ:00005285] A country on the Balkan Peninsula. Kosovo borders Central Serbia to the north and east, Montenegro to the northwest, Albania to the west and the Republic of Macedonia to the south. Kosovo is divided into 7 districts (Rreth) and 30 municipalities. Serbia does not recognise the unilateral secession of Kosovo[8] and considers it a United Nations-governed entity within its sovereign territory, the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. + GAZ:00006893 Kyrgyzstan [GAZ:00006893] A sovereign emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed by Saudi Arabia to the south and Iraq to the north and west. Kuwait is divided into six governorates (muhafazat, singular muhafadhah). + GAZ:00006889 Laos [GAZ:00006889] A country in Central Asia. Landlocked and mountainous, it is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the southwest and China to the east. Kyrgyzstan is divided into seven provinces (oblast. The capital, Bishkek, and the second large city Osh are administratively the independent cities (shaar) with a status equal to a province. Each province comprises a number of districts (raions). + GAZ:00002958 Latvia [GAZ:00002958] A landlocked country in southeast Asia, bordered by Burma (Myanmar) and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south, and Thailand to the west. Laos is divided into sixteen provinces (qwang) and Vientiane Capital (Na Kone Luang Vientiane). The provinces further divided into districts (muang). + GAZ:00002478 Lebanon [GAZ:00002478] A country in Northern Europe. Latvia shares land borders with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south, and both Russia and Belarus to the east. It is separated from Sweden in the west by the Baltic Sea. The capital of Latvia is Riga. Latvia is divided into 26 districts (raioni). There are also seven cities (lielpilsetas) that have a separate status. Latvia is also historically, culturally and constitutionally divided in four or more distinct regions. + GAZ:00001098 Lesotho [GAZ:00001098] A small, mostly mountainous country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon is divided into six governorates (mohaafazaat, which are further subdivided into twenty-five districts (aqdya, singular: qadaa). + GAZ:00000911 Liberia [GAZ:00000911] A land-locked country, entirely surrounded by the Republic of South Africa. Lesotho is divided into ten districts; these are further subdivided into 80 constituencies, which consists of 129 local community councils. + GAZ:00000566 Libya [GAZ:00000566] A country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, and the Atlantic Ocean. + GAZ:00003858 Liechtenstein [GAZ:00003858] A country in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west. There are thirty-four municipalities of Libya, known by the Arabic term sha'biyat (singular sha'biyah). These came recently (in the 1990s to replaced old Baladiyat systam. The Baladiyat system in turn was introduced to replace the system of muhafazah (governorates or provinces) that existed from the 1960s to the 1970s. + GAZ:00007144 Line Islands [GAZ:00007144] A tiny, doubly landlocked alpine country in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland to its west and by Austria to its east. The principality of Liechtenstein is divided into 11 municipalities called Gemeinden (singular Gemeinde). The Gemeinden mostly consist only of a single town. Five of them fall within the electoral district Unterland (the lower county), and the remainder within Oberland (the upper county). + GAZ:00002960 Lithuania [GAZ:00002960] A group of eleven atolls and low coral islands in the central Pacific Ocean south of the Hawaiian Islands, eight of which belong to Kiribati, while three are United States territories that are grouped with the United States Minor Outlying Islands. + GAZ:00002947 Luxembourg [GAZ:00002947] A country located along the south-eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, sharing borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of the Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest. Lithuania has a three-tier administrative division: the country is divided into 10 counties (singular apskritis, plural, apskritys) that are further subdivided into 60 municipalities (singular savivaldybe, plural savivaldybes) which consist of over 500 elderates (singular seniunija, plural seniunijos). + GAZ:00003202 Macau [GAZ:00003202] A small landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. Luxembourg is divided into 3 districts, which are further divided into 12 cantons and then 116 communes. Twelve of the communes have city status, of which the city of Luxembourg is the largest. + GAZ:00001108 Madagascar [GAZ:00001108] One of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China, the other being Hong Kong. Macau lies on the western side of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Guangdong province in the north and facing the South China Sea in the east and south. Macau is situated 60 kmsouthwest of Hong Kong and 145 km from Guangzhou. It consists of the Macau Peninsula itself and the islands of Taipa and Coloane. The peninsula is formed by the Zhujiang (Pearl River) estuary on the east and the Xijiang (West River) on the west. It borders the Zhuhai Special Economic Zone in mainland China. + GAZ:00001105 Malawi [GAZ:00001105] An island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa. The main island, also called Madagascar, is the fourth largest island in the world, and is home to 5% of the world's plant and animal species, of which more than 80% are endemic to Madagascar. Most notable are the lemur infraorder of primates, the carnivorous fossa, three endemic bird families and six endemic baobab species. Madagascar is divided into six autonomous provinces (faritany mizakatena), and 22 regions. The regions are further subdivided into 116 districts, 1,548 communes, and 16,969 fokontany. + GAZ:00003902 Malaysia [GAZ:00003902] A country in southeastern Africa. It is bordered by Zambia to the north-west, Tanzania to the north and Mozambique, which surrounds it on the east, south and west. Malawi is divided into three regions (the Northern, Central and Southern regions), which are further divided into twenty-seven districts, which in turn are further divided into 137 traditional authorities and 68 sub-chiefdoms. + GAZ:00006924 Maldives [GAZ:00006924] A country in southeastern Africa. It is bordered by Zambia to the north-west, Tanzania to the north and Mozambique, which surrounds it on the east, south and west. Malawi is divided into three regions (the Northern, Central and Southern regions), which are further divided into twenty-seven districts, which in turn are further divided into 137 traditional authorities and 68 sub-chiefdoms. + GAZ:00000584 Mali [GAZ:00000584] An archipelago which consists of approximately 1,196 coral islands grouped in a double chain of 27 atolls, spread over roughly 90,000 km2. + GAZ:00004017 Malta [GAZ:00004017] A landlocked country in northern Africa. It borders Algeria on the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the Cote d'Ivoire on the south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west. Mali is divided into 8 regions (regions) and 1 district, and subdivided into 49 cercles, totalling 288 arrondissements. + GAZ:00007161 Marshall Islands [GAZ:00007161] A Southern European country and consists of an archipelago situated centrally in the Mediterranean. + GAZ:00067143 Martinique [GAZ:00067143] An archipelago that consists of twenty-nine atolls and five isolated islands. The most important atolls and islands form two groups: the Ratak Chain and the Ralik Chain (meaning "sunrise" and "sunset" chains). Two-thirds of the nation's population lives on Majuro (which is also the capital) and Ebeye. The outer islands are sparsely populated. + GAZ:00000583 Mauritania [GAZ:00000583] An island and an overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France. + GAZ:00003745 Mauritius [GAZ:00003745] A country in North-West Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the west, by Senegal on the southwest, by Mali on the east and southeast, by Algeria on the northeast, and by Western Sahara on the northwest (most of which is occupied by Morocco). The capital and largest city is Nouakchott, located on the Atlantic coast. Mauritania is divided into 12 regions (regions) and one capital district, which in turn are subdivided into 44 departments (departements). + GAZ:00003943 Mayotte [GAZ:00003943] An island nation off the coast of the African continent in the southwest Indian Ocean, about 900 km east of Madagascar. In addition to the island of Mauritius, the republic includes the islands of St. Brandon, Rodrigues and the Agalega Islands. + GAZ:00002852 Mexico [GAZ:00002852] An overseas collectivity of France consisting of a main island, Grande-Terre (or Mahore), a smaller island, Petite-Terre (or Pamanzi), and several islets around these two. + GAZ:00005862 Micronesia [GAZ:00005862] A federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bounded on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the North Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. The United Mexican States comprise a federation of thirty-one states and a federal district, the capital Mexico City. + GAZ:00007112 Midway Islands [GAZ:00007112] A subregion of Oceania, comprising hundreds of small islands in the Pacific Ocean. The Philippines lie to the northwest, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Melanesia to the west and southwest, and Polynesia to the east. + GAZ:00003897 Moldova [GAZ:00003897] A 6.2 km2 atoll located in the North Pacific Ocean (near the northwestern end of the Hawaiian archipelago). It is an unincorporated territory of the United States, designated an insular area under the authority of the US Department of the Interior. + GAZ:00003857 Monaco [GAZ:00003857] A landlocked country in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east and south. Moldova is divided into thirty-two districts (raioane, singular raion); three municipalities (Balti, Chisinau, Tighina); and two autonomous regions (Gagauzia and Transnistria). The cities of Comrat and Tiraspol also have municipality status, however not as first-tier subdivisions of Moldova, but as parts of the regions of Gagauzia and Transnistria, respectively. The status of Transnistria is however under dispute. Although it is de jure part of Moldova and is recognized as such by the international community, Transnistria is not de facto under the control of the central government of Moldova. It is administered by an unrecognized breakaway authority under the name Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic. + GAZ:00008744 Mongolia [GAZ:00008744] A small country that is completely bordered by France to the north, west, and south; to the east it is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of a single municipality (commune) currently divided into 4 quartiers and 10 wards. + GAZ:00006898 Montenegro [GAZ:00006898] A country in East-Central Asia. The landlocked country borders Russia to the north and China to the south. The capital and largest city is Ulan Bator. Mongolia is divided into 21 aimags (provinces), which are in turn divided into 315 sums (districts). The capital Ulan Bator is administrated separately as a khot (municipality) with provincial status. + GAZ:00003988 Montserrat [GAZ:00003988] A country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south and borders Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia and its partially recognized breakaway southern province of Kosovo to the northeast and Albania to the southeast. Its capital and largest city is Podgorica. Montenegro is divided into twenty-one municipalities (opstina), and two urban municipalities, subdivisions of Podgorica municipality. + GAZ:00000565 Morocco [GAZ:00000565] A British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands. Montserrat is divided into three parishes. + GAZ:00001100 Mozambique [GAZ:00001100] A country in North Africa. It has a coast on the Atlantic Ocean that reaches past the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. Morocco has international borders with Algeria to the east, Spain to the north (a water border through the Strait and land borders with two small Spanish autonomous cities, Ceuta and Melilla), and Mauritania to the south. Morocco is divided into 16 regions, and subdivided into 62 prefectures and provinces. Because of the conflict over Western Sahara, the status of both regions of "Saguia el-Hamra" and "Rio de Oro" is disputed. + GAZ:00006899 Myanmar [GAZ:00006899] A country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest. Mozambique is divided into ten provinces (provincias) and one capital city (cidade capital) with provincial status. The provinces are subdivided into 129 districts (distritos). Districts are further divided in "Postos Administrativos" (Administrative Posts) and these in Localidades (Localities) the lowest geographical level of central state administration. + GAZ:00001096 Namibia [GAZ:00001096] A country in SE Asia that is bordered by China on the north, Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, and India on the northwest, with the Bay of Bengal to the southwest. Myanmar is divided into seven states and seven divisions. The administrative divisions are further subdivided into districts, which are further subdivided into townships, wards, and villages. + GAZ:00006900 Nauru [GAZ:00006900] A country in southern Africa on the Atlantic coast. It shares borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east, and South Africa to the south. Namibia is divided into 13 regions and subdivided into 102 constituencies. + GAZ:00007119 Navassa Island [GAZ:00007119] An island nation in the Micronesian South Pacific. The nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in the Republic of Kiribati, 300 km due east. Nauru is divided into fourteen administrative districts which are grouped into eight electoral constituencies. + GAZ:00004399 Nepal [GAZ:00004399] A small, uninhabited island in the Caribbean Sea, and is an unorganized unincorporated territory of the United States, which administers it through the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The island is also claimed by Haiti. + GAZ:00002946 Netherlands [GAZ:00002946] A landlocked nation in South Asia. It is bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China to the northeast and India to the south and west; it is separated from Bhutan by the Indian State of Sikkim and from Bangladesh by a small strip of the Indian State of West Bengal, known as the "Chicken's Neck". The Himalaya mountain range runs across Nepal's north and western parts, and eight of the world's ten highest mountains, including the highest, Mount Everest are situated within its territory. Nepal is divided into 14 zones and 75 districts, grouped into 5 development regions. + GAZ:00005206 New Caledonia [GAZ:00005206] The European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east. The Netherlands is divided into twelve administrative regions, called provinces. All provinces of the Netherlands are divided into municipalities (gemeenten), together 443 (2007). + GAZ:00000469 New Zealand [GAZ:00000469] A "sui generis collectivity" (in practice an overseas territory) of France, made up of a main island (Grande Terre), the Loyalty Islands, and several smaller islands. It is located in the region of Melanesia in the southwest Pacific. Administratively, the archipelago is divided into three provinces, and then into 33 communes. + GAZ:00002978 Nicaragua [GAZ:00002978] A nation in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two large islands (the North Island and the South Island) and numerous smaller islands, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands. + GAZ:00000585 Niger [GAZ:00000585] A republic in Central America. It is also the least densely populated with a demographic similar in size to its smaller neighbors. The country is bordered by Honduras to the north and by Costa Rica to the south. The Pacific Ocean lies to the west of the country, while the Caribbean Sea lies to the east. For administrative purposes it is divided into 15 departments (departamentos) and two self-governing regions (autonomous communities) based on the Spanish model. The departments are then subdivided into 153 municipios (municipalities). The two autonomous regions are Region Autonoma del Atlantico Norte and Region Autonoma del Atlantico Sur, often referred to as RAAN and RAAS, respectively. Until they were granted autonomy in 1985 they formed the single department of Zelaya. + GAZ:00000912 Nigeria [GAZ:00000912] A landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east. The capital city is Niamey. Niger is divided into 7 departments and one capital district. The departments are subdivided into 36 arrondissements and further subdivided into 129 communes. + GAZ:00006902 Niue [GAZ:00006902] A federal constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its coast lies on the Gulf of Guinea, part of the Atlantic Ocean, in the south. The capital city is Abuja. Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs). + GAZ:00005908 Norfolk Island [GAZ:00005908] An island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean. Although self-governing, Niue is in free association with New Zealand, meaning that the Sovereign in Right of New Zealand is also Niue's head of state. + GAZ:00002801 North Korea [GAZ:00002801] A Territory of Australia that includes Norfolk Island and neighboring islands. + GAZ:00006895 North Macedonia [GAZ:00006895] A state in East Asia in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula, with its capital in the city of Pyongyang. To the south and separated by the Korean Demilitarized Zone is South Korea, with which it formed one nation until division following World War II. At its northern Amnok River border are China and, separated by the Tumen River in the extreme north-east, Russia. + GAZ:00002284 North Sea [GAZ:00002284] A landlocked country on the Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Serbia and Kosovo to the north, Albania to the west, Greece to the south, and Bulgaria to the east. In 2004-08, the Republic of Macedonia was reorganised into 85 municipalities (opstini; singular opstina), 10 of which comprise Greater Skopje. This is reduced from the previous 123 municipalities established in 1996-09. Prior to this, local government was organised into 34 administrative districts. + GAZ:00003958 Northern Mariana Islands [GAZ:00003958] A sea situated between the eastern coasts of the British Isles and the western coast of Europe. + GAZ:00002699 Norway [GAZ:00002699] A group of 15 islands about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines. + GAZ:00005283 Oman [GAZ:00005283] A country and constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. It is bordered by Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The Kingdom of Norway also includes the Arctic island territories of Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norwegian sovereignty over Svalbard is based upon the Svalbard Treaty, but that treaty does not apply to Jan Mayen. Bouvet Island in the South Atlantic Ocean and Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land in Antarctica are external dependencies, but those three entities do not form part of the kingdom. + GAZ:00005246 Pakistan [GAZ:00005246] A country in southwest Asia, on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia on the west, and Yemen on the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the south and east, and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The country also contains Madha, an exclave enclosed by the United Arab Emirates, and Musandam, an exclave also separated by Emirati territory. Oman is divided into four governorates (muhafazah) and five regions (mintaqat). The regions are subdivided into provinces (wilayat). + GAZ:00006905 Palau [GAZ:00006905] A country in Middle East which lies on the Iranian Plateau and some parts of South Asia. It is located in the region where South Asia converges with Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046 km coastline along the Arabian Sea in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. Pakistan is subdivided into four provinces and two territories. In addition, the portion of Kashmir that is administered by the Pakistani government is divided into two separate administrative units. The provinces are divided into a total of 105 zillas (districts). A zilla is further subdivided into tehsils (roughly equivalent to counties). Tehsils may contain villages or municipalities. There are over five thousand local governments in Pakistan. + GAZ:00002892 Panama [GAZ:00002892] A nation that consists of eight principal islands and more than 250 smaller ones lying roughly 500 miles southeast of the Philippines. + GAZ:00003922 Papua New Guinea [GAZ:00003922] The southernmost country of Central America. Situated on an isthmus, some categorize it as a transcontinental nation connecting the north and south part of America. It borders Costa Rica to the north-west, Colombia to the south-east, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Panama's major divisions are nine provinces and five indigenous territories (comarcas indigenas). The provincial borders have not changed since they were determined at independence in 1903. The provinces are divided into districts, which in turn are subdivided into sections called corregimientos. Configurations of the corregimientos are changed periodically to accommodate population changes as revealed in the census reports. + GAZ:00010832 Paracel Islands [GAZ:00010832] A country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia). + GAZ:00002933 Paraguay [GAZ:00002933] A group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about one-third of the way from Vietnam to the Philippines. + GAZ:00002932 Peru [GAZ:00002932] A landlocked country in South America. It lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, bordering Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest, and is located in the very heart of South America. Paraguay consists of seventeen departments and one capital district (distrito capital). Each department is divided into districts. + GAZ:00004525 Philippines [GAZ:00004525] A country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is divided into 25 regions and the province of Lima. These regions are subdivided into provinces, which are composed of districts (provincias and distritos). There are 195 provinces and 1833 districts in Peru. The Lima Province, located in the central coast of the country, is unique in that it doesn't belong to any of the twenty-five regions. The city of Lima, which is the nation's capital, is located in this province. Callao is its own region, even though it only contains one province, the Constitutional Province of Callao. + GAZ:00005867 Pitcairn Islands [GAZ:00005867] An archipelagic nation located in Southeast Asia. The Philippine archipelago comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean, bordering countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Palau and the Republic of China, although it is the only Southeast Asian country to share no land borders with its neighbors. The Philippines is divided into three island groups: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. These are divided into 17 regions, 81 provinces, 136 cities, 1,494 municipalities and 41,995 barangays. + GAZ:00002939 Poland [GAZ:00002939] A group of four islands in the southern Pacific Ocean. The Pitcairn Islands form the southeasternmost extension of the geological archipelago of the Tuamotus of French Polynesia. + GAZ:00004126 Portugal [GAZ:00004126] A country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The administrative division of Poland since 1999 has been based on three levels of subdivision. The territory of Poland is divided into voivodeships (provinces); these are further divided into powiats (counties), and these in turn are divided into gminas (communes or municipalities). Major cities normally have the status of both gmina and powiat. Poland currently has 16 voivodeships, 379 powiats (including 65 cities with powiat status), and 2,478 gminas. + GAZ:00006935 Puerto Rico [GAZ:00006935] That part of the Portugese Republic that occupies the W part of the Iberian Peninsula, and immediately adjacent islands. + GAZ:00005286 Qatar [GAZ:00005286] A semi-autonomous territory composed of an archipelago in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of the Virgin Islands, approximately 2,000 km off the coast of Florida (the nearest of the mainland United States). + GAZ:00001088 Republic of the Congo [GAZ:00001088] An Arab emirate in Southwest Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south; otherwise the Persian Gulf surrounds the state. Qatar is divided into ten municipalities (Arabic: baladiyah), which are further divided into zones (districts). + GAZ:00003945 Reunion [GAZ:00003945] A country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea. The Republic of the Congo is divided into 10 regions (regions) and one commune, the capital Brazzaville. The regions are subdivided into forty-six districts. + GAZ:00002951 Romania [GAZ:00002951] An island, located in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar, about 200 km south west of Mauritius, the nearest island. + GAZ:00023304 Ross Sea [GAZ:00023304] A country in Southeastern Europe. It shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south. Romania has a stretch of sea coast along the Black Sea. It is located roughly in the lower basin of the Danube and almost all of the Danube Delta is located within its territory. Romania is divided into forty-one counties (judete), as well as the municipality of Bucharest (Bucuresti) - which is its own administrative unit. The country is further subdivided into 319 cities and 2686 communes (rural localities). + GAZ:00002721 Russia [GAZ:00002721] A large embayment of the Southern Ocean, extending deeply into Antarctica between Cape Adare, at 170degE, on the west and Cape Colbeck on the east, at 158degW. + GAZ:00001087 Rwanda [GAZ:00001087] A transcontinental country extending over much of northern Eurasia. Russia shares land borders with the following countries (counter-clockwise from northwest to southeast): Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast), Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. The Russian Federation comprises 83 federal subjectsm 46 oblasts(provinces), 21 republics, 9 krais (territories), 4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts), one autonomous oblast, and two federal cities. The federal subjects are grouped into seven federal districts. These subjects are divided into districts (raions), cities/towns and urban-type settlements, and, at level 4, selsovets (rural councils), towns and urban-type settlements under the jurisdiction of the district and city districts. + GAZ:00000849 Saint Helena [GAZ:00000849] A small landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of east-central Africa, bordered by Uganda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania. Rwanda is divided into five provinces (intara) and subdivided into thirty districts (akarere). The districts are divided into sectors (imirenge). + GAZ:00006906 Saint Kitts and Nevis [GAZ:00006906] An island of volcanic origin and a British overseas territory in the South Atlantic Ocean. + GAZ:00006909 Saint Lucia [GAZ:00006909] A federal two-island nation in the West Indies. Located in the Leeward Islands. Saint Kitts and Nevis are geographically part of the Leeward Islands. To the north-northwest lie the islands of Saint Eustatius, Saba, Saint Barthelemy, and Saint-Martin/Sint Maarten. To the east and northeast are Antigua and Barbuda, and to the southeast is the small uninhabited island of Redonda, and the island of Montserrat. The federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis is divided into fourteen parishes: nine divisions on Saint Kitts and five on Nevis. + GAZ:00003942 Saint Pierre and Miquelon [GAZ:00003942] An island nation in the eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary with the Atlantic Ocean. + GAZ:00005841 Saint Martin [GAZ:00005841] An Overseas Collectivity of France located in a group of small islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, the main ones being Saint Pierre and Miquelon, 25 km off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada. Saint Pierre and Miquelon became an overseas department in 1976, but its status changed to that of an Overseas collectivity in 1985. + GAZ:02000565 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [GAZ:02000565] An overseas collectivity of France that came into being on 2007-02-22, encompassing the northern parts of the island of Saint Martin and neighboring islets. The southern part of the island, Sint Maarten, is part of the Netherlands Antilles. Formerly, with Saint-Barthelemy, an arrondissement of Guadeloupe. + GAZ:00006910 Samoa [GAZ:00006910] An island nation in the Lesser Antilles chain of the Caribbean Sea. + GAZ:00003102 San Marino [GAZ:00003102] A country governing the western part of the Samoan Islands archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean. Samoa is made up of eleven itumalo (political districts). + GAZ:00006927 Sao Tome and Principe [GAZ:00006927] A country in the Apennine Mountains. It is a landlocked enclave, completely surrounded by Italy. San Marino is an enclave in Italy, on the border between the regioni of Emilia Romagna and Marche. Its topography is dominated by the Apennines mountain range. San Marino is divided into nine municipalities, known locally as Castelli (singular castello). + GAZ:00005279 Saudi Arabia [GAZ:00005279] An island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Africa. It consists of two islands: Sao Tome and Principe, located about 140 km apart and about 250 and 225 km respectively, off of the northwestern coast of Gabon. Both islands are part of an extinct volcanic mountain range. Sao Tome and Principe is divided into 2 provinces: Principe, Sao Tome. The provinces are further divided into seven districts, six on Sao Tome and one on Principe (with Principe having self-government since 1995-04-29). + GAZ:00000913 Senegal [GAZ:00000913] A country on the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Jordan on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west. Saudi Arabia is divided into 13 provinces or regions (manatiq; singular mintaqah). Each is then divided into Governorates. + GAZ:00002957 Serbia [GAZ:00002957] A country south of the Senegal River in western Africa. Senegal is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, and Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south. The Gambia lies almost entirely within Senegal, surrounded on the north, east and south; from its western coast Gambia's territory follows the Gambia River more than 300 km inland. Dakar is the capital city of Senegal, located on the Cape Verde Peninsula on the country's Atlantic coast. Senegal is subdivided into 11 regions and further subdivided into 34 Departements, 103 Arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function) and by Collectivites Locales. + GAZ:00006922 Seychelles [GAZ:00006922] A landlocked country in Central and Southeastern Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkan Peninsula. It is bordered by Hungary to the north; Romania and Bulgaria to the east; Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro to the south; Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to the west. The capital is Belgrade. Serbia is divided into 29 districts plus the City of Belgrade. The districts and the city of Belgrade are further divided into municipalities. Serbia has two autonomous provinces: Kosovo and Metohija in the south (5 districts, 30 municipalities), and Vojvodina in the north (7 districts, 46 municipalities). + GAZ:00000914 Sierra Leone [GAZ:00000914] An archipelagic island country in the Indian Ocean at the eastern edge of the Somali Sea. It consists of 115 islands. + GAZ:00003923 Singapore [GAZ:00003923] A country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea in the north and east, Liberia in the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest and west. The Republic of Sierra Leone is composed of 3 provinces and one area called the Western Area; the provinces are further divided into 12 districts. The Western Area is also divided into 2 districts. + GAZ:00012579 Sint Maarten [GAZ:00012579] An island nation located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. It lies 137 km north of the Equator, south of the Malaysian State of Johor and north of Indonesia's Riau Islands. Singapore consists of 63 islands, including mainland Singapore. There are two man-made connections to Johor, Malaysia, Johor-Singapore Causeway in the north, and Tuas Second Link in the west. Since 2001-11-24, Singapore has had an administrative subdivision into 5 districts. It is also divided into five Regions, urban planning subdivisions with no administrative role. + GAZ:00002956 Slovakia [GAZ:00002956] One of five island areas (Eilandgebieden) of the Netherlands Antilles, encompassing the southern half of the island of Saint Martin/Sint Maarten. + GAZ:00002955 Slovenia [GAZ:00002955] A landlocked country in Central Europe. The Slovak Republic borders the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south. The largest city is its capital, Bratislava. Slovakia is subdivided into 8 kraje (singular - kraj, usually translated as regions. The kraje are subdivided into many okresy (singular okres, usually translated as districts). Slovakia currently has 79 districts. + GAZ:00005275 Solomon Islands [GAZ:00005275] A country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north. The capital of Slovenia is Ljubljana. As of 2005-05 Slovenia is divided into 12 statistical regions for legal and statistical purposes. Slovenia is divided into 210 local municipalities, eleven of which have urban status. + GAZ:00001104 Somalia [GAZ:00001104] A nation in Melanesia, east of Papua New Guinea, consisting of nearly one thousand islands. Together they cover a land mass of 28,400 km2. The capital is Honiara, located on the island of Guadalcanal. + GAZ:00001094 South Africa [GAZ:00001094] A country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya on its southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen on its north, the Indian Ocean at its east, and Ethiopia to the west. Prior to the civil war, Somalia was divided into eighteen regions (gobollada, singular gobol), which were in turn subdivided into districts. On a de facto basis, northern Somalia is now divided up among the quasi-independent states of Puntland, Somaliland, Galmudug and Maakhir. + GAZ:00003990 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands [GAZ:00003990] A country located at the southern tip of Africa. It borders the Atlantic and Indian oceans and Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Swaziland, and Lesotho, an independent enclave surrounded by South African territory. It is divided into nine provinces which are further subdivided into 52 districts: 6 metropolitan and 46 district municipalities. The 46 district municipalities are further subdivided into 231 local municipalities. The district municipalities also contain 20 district management areas (mostly game parks) that are directly governed by the district municipalities. The six metropolitan municipalities perform the functions of both district and local municipalities. + GAZ:00002802 South Korea [GAZ:00002802] A British overseas territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. It iconsists of South Georgia and the Sandwich Islands, some 640 km to the SE. + GAZ:00233439 South Sudan [GAZ:00233439] A republic in East Asia, occupying the southern half of the Korean Peninsula. South Korea is divided into 8 provinces (do), 1 special autonomous province (teukbyeol jachido), 6 metropolitan cities (gwangyeoksi), and 1 special city (teukbyeolsi). These are further subdivided into a variety of smaller entities, including cities (si), counties (gun), districts (gu), towns (eup), townships (myeon), neighborhoods (dong) and villages (ri). + GAZ:00003936 Spain [GAZ:00003936] A state located in Africa with Juba as its capital city. It's bordered by Ethiopia to the east, Kenya, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south, and the Central African Republic to the west and Sudan to the North. Southern Sudan includes the vast swamp region of the Sudd formed by the White Nile, locally called the Bahr el Jebel. + GAZ:00010831 Spratly Islands [GAZ:00010831] That part of the Kingdom of Spain that occupies the Iberian Peninsula plus the Balaeric Islands. The Spanish mainland is bordered to the south and east almost entirely by the Mediterranean Sea (except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar); to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal. + GAZ:00003924 Sri Lanka [GAZ:00003924] A group of >100 islands located in the Southeastern Asian group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines. + GAZ:00002475 State of Palestine [GAZ:00002475] An island nation in South Asia, located about 31 km off the southern coast of India. Sri Lanka is divided into 9 provinces and 25 districts. Districts are divided into Divisional Secretariats. + GAZ:00000560 Sudan [GAZ:00000560] The territory under the administration of the Palestine National Authority, as established by the Oslo Accords. The PNA divides the Palestinian territories into 16 governorates. + GAZ:00002525 Suriname [GAZ:00002525] A country in North Africa. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. Sudan is divided into twenty-six states (wilayat, singular wilayah) which in turn are subdivided into 133 districts. + GAZ:00005396 Svalbard [GAZ:00005396] A country in northern South America. It is situated between French Guiana to the east and Guyana to the west. The southern border is shared with Brazil and the northern border is the Atlantic coast. The southernmost border with French Guiana is disputed along the Marowijne river. Suriname is divided into 10 districts, each of which is divided into Ressorten. + GAZ:00001099 Swaziland [GAZ:00001099] An archipelago of continental islands lying in the Arctic Ocean north of mainland Europe, about midway between Norway and the North Pole. + GAZ:00002729 Sweden [GAZ:00002729] A small, landlocked country in Africa embedded between South Africa in the west, north and south and Mozambique in the east. Swaziland is divided into four districts, each of which is divided into Tinkhundla (singular, Inkhundla). + GAZ:00002941 Switzerland [GAZ:00002941] A Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It has borders with Norway (west and north) and Finland (northeast). Sweden is a unitary state, currently divided into twenty-one counties (lan). Each county further divides into a number of municipalities or kommuner, with a total of 290 municipalities in 2004. + GAZ:00002474 Syria [GAZ:00002474] A federal republic in Europe. Switzerland is bordered by Germany, France, Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein. The Swiss Confederation consists of 26 cantons. The Cantons comprise a total of 2,889 municipalities. Within Switzerland there are two enclaves: Busingen belongs to Germany, Campione d'Italia belongs to Italy. + GAZ:00005341 Taiwan [GAZ:00005341] A country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon, the Mediterranean Sea and the island of Cyprus to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north. Syria has fourteen governorates, or muhafazat (singular: muhafazah). The governorates are divided into sixty districts, or manatiq (singular: mintaqah), which are further divided into sub-districts, or nawahi (singular: nahia). + GAZ:00006912 Tajikistan [GAZ:00006912] A state in East Asia with de facto rule of the island of Tawain and adjacent territory. The Republic of China currently administers two historical provinces of China (one completely and a small part of another one) and centrally administers two direct-controlled municipalities. + GAZ:00001103 Tanzania [GAZ:00001103] A mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and People's Republic of China to the east. Tajikistan consists of 4 administrative divisions. These are the provinces (viloyat) of Sughd and Khatlon, the autonomous province of Gorno-Badakhshan (abbreviated as GBAO), and the Region of Republican Subordination (RRP, Raiony Respublikanskogo Podchineniya in Russian; formerly known as Karotegin Province). Each region is divided into several districts (nohiya or raion). + GAZ:00003744 Thailand [GAZ:00003744] A country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda on the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique on the south. To the east it borders the Indian Ocean. Tanzania is divided into 26 regions (mkoa), twenty-one on the mainland and five on Zanzibar (three on Unguja, two on Pemba). Ninety-eight districts (wilaya), each with at least one council, have been created to further increase local authority; the councils are also known as local government authorities. Currently there are 114 councils operating in 99 districts; 22 are urban and 92 are rural. The 22 urban units are further classified as city councils (Dar es Salaam and Mwanza), municipal councils (Arusha, Dodoma, Iringa, Kilimanjaro, Mbeya, Morogoro, Shinyanga, Tabora, and Tanga) or town councils (the remaining eleven communities). + GAZ:00006913 Timor-Leste [GAZ:00006913] A country in Southeast Asia. To its east lie Laos and Cambodia; to its south, the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia; and to its west, the Andaman Sea and Burma. Its capital and largest city is Bangkok. Thailand is divided into 75 provinces (changwat), which are gathered into 5 groups of provinces by location. There are also 2 special governed districts: the capital Bangkok (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon) and Pattaya, of which Bangkok is at provincial level and thus often counted as a 76th province. + GAZ:00000915 Togo [GAZ:00000915] A country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecussi-Ambeno, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor. The small country of 15,410 km2 is located about 640 km northwest of Darwin, Australia. East Timor is divided into thirteen administrative districts, are subdivided into 65 subdistricts, 443 sucos and 2,336 towns, villages and hamlets. + GAZ:00260188 Tokelau [GAZ:00260188] A country in West Africa bordering Ghana in the west, Benin in the east and Burkina Faso in the north. In the south, it has a short Gulf of Guinea coast, on which the capital Lome is located. + GAZ:00006916 Tonga [GAZ:00006916] A dependent territory of New Zealand in the southern Pacific Ocean. It consists of three tropical coral atolls: Atafu, Nukunonu, and Fakaofo. They have a combined land area of 10 km2 (4 sq mi). + GAZ:00003767 Trinidad and Tobago [GAZ:00003767] A Polynesian country, and also an archipelago comprising 169 islands, of which 36 are inhabited. The archipelago's total surface area is about 750 square kilometres (290 sq mi) scattered over 700,000 square kilometres (270,000 sq mi) of the southern Pacific Ocean. + GAZ:00005812 Tromelin Island [GAZ:00005812] An archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast of the South American nation of Venezuela and south of Grenada in the Lesser Antilles. It also shares maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast and Guyana to the southeast. The country covers an area of 5,128 km2and consists of two main islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and 21 smaller islands. + GAZ:00000562 Tunisia [GAZ:00000562] A low, flat 0.8 km2 island in the Indian Ocean, about 350 km east of Madagascar. Tromelin is a low, scrub-covered sandbank about 1,700 m long and 700 m wide, surrounded by coral reefs. The island is 7 m high at its highest point. + GAZ:00000558 Turkey [GAZ:00000558] A country situated on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and Libya to the southeast. Tunisia is subdivided into 24 governorates, divided into 262 "delegations" or "districts" (mutamadiyat), and further subdivided into municipalities (shaykhats). + GAZ:00005018 Turkmenistan [GAZ:00005018] A Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace (Rumelia) in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey borders eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west, Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhichevan), and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea and Archipelago are to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. Separating Anatolia and Thrace are the Sea of Marmara and the Turkish Straits (the Bosporus and the Dardanelles), which are commonly reckoned to delineate the border between Asia and Europe, thereby making Turkey transcontinental. The territory of Turkey is subdivided into 81 provinces for administrative purposes. The provinces are organized into 7 regions for census purposes; however, they do not represent an administrative structure. Each province is divided into districts, for a total of 923 districts. + GAZ:00003955 Turks and Caicos Islands [GAZ:00003955] A country in Central Asia. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the southwest, Uzbekistan to the northeast, Kazakhstan to the northwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west. It was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic. Turkmenistan is divided into five provinces or welayatlar (singular - welayat) and one independent city. + GAZ:00009715 Tuvalu [GAZ:00009715] A British Overseas Territory consisting of two groups of tropical islands in the West Indies. The Turks and Caicos Islands are divided into six administrative districts (two in the Turks Islands and four in the Caicos Islands. + GAZ:00002459 United States of America [GAZ:00002459] A Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean midway between Hawaii and Australia. + GAZ:00001102 Uganda [GAZ:00001102] A federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, DC, the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The State of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to its east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait, and the State of Hawaii is in the mid-Pacific. The United States also possesses several territories, or insular areas, that are scattered around the Caribbean and Pacific. The states are divided into smaller administrative regions, called counties in most states, exceptions being Alaska (parts of the state are organized into subdivisions called boroughs; the rest of the state's territory that is not included in any borough is divided into "census areas"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). There are also independent cities which are within particular states but not part of any particular county or consolidated city-counties. Another type of organization is where the city and county are unified and function as an independent city. There are thirty-nine independent cities in Virginia and other independent cities or city-counties are San Francisco, California, Baltimore, Maryland, St. Louis, Missouri, Denver, Colorado and Carson City, Nevada. Counties can include a number of cities, towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. Counties have varying degrees of political and legal significance, but they are always administrative divisions of the state. Counties in many states are further subdivided into townships, which, by definition, are administrative divisions of a county. In some states, such as Michigan, a township can file a charter with the state government, making itself into a "charter township", which is a type of mixed municipal and township status (giving the township some of the rights of a city without all of the responsibilities), much in the way a metropolitan municipality is a mixed municipality and county. + GAZ:00002724 Ukraine [GAZ:00002724] A landlocked country in East Africa, bordered on the east by Kenya, the north by Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by Tanzania. The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, within which it shares borders with Kenya and Tanzania. Uganda is divided into 80 districts, spread across four administrative regions: Northern, Eastern, Central and Western. The districts are subdivided into counties. + GAZ:00005282 United Arab Emirates [GAZ:00005282] A country in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the east, Belarus to the north, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south. Ukraine is subdivided into twenty-four oblasts (provinces) and one autonomous republic (avtonomna respublika), Crimea. Additionally, the cities of Kiev, the capital, and Sevastopol, both have a special legal status. The 24 oblasts and Crimea are subdivided into 490 raions (districts), or second-level administrative units. + GAZ:00002637 United Kingdom [GAZ:00002637] A Middle Eastern federation of seven states situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia. The seven states, termed emirates, are Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah, and Umm al-Quwain. + GAZ:00002930 Uruguay [GAZ:00002930] A sovereign island country located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe comprising of the four constituent countries; England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It comprises the island of Great Britain, the northeast part of the island of Ireland and many small islands. Apart from Northern Ireland the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. The largest island, Great Britain, is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel. + GAZ:00004979 Uzbekistan [GAZ:00004979] A country located in the southeastern part of South America. It is bordered by Brazil to the north, by Argentina across the bank of both the Uruguay River to the west and the estuary of Rio de la Plata to the southwest, and the South Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. Uraguay consists of 19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento). + GAZ:00006918 Vanuatu [GAZ:00006918] A doubly landlocked country in Central Asia, formerly part of the Soviet Union. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south. Uzbekistan is divided into twelve provinces (viloyatlar) one autonomous republic (respublika and one independent city (shahar). + GAZ:00002931 Venezuela [GAZ:00002931] An island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is 1,750 kilometres (1,090 mi) east of northern Australia, 540 kilometres (340 mi) northeast of New Caledonia, east of New Guinea, southeast of the Solomon Islands, and west of Fiji. + GAZ:00003756 Viet Nam [GAZ:00003756] A country on the northern coast of South America. The country comprises a continental mainland and numerous islands located off the Venezuelan coastline in the Caribbean Sea. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela possesses borders with Guyana to the east, Brazil to the south, and Colombia to the west. Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, St. Lucia, Barbados, Curacao, Bonaire, Aruba, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and the Leeward Antilles lie just north, off the Venezuelan coast. Venezuela is divided into twenty-three states (Estados), a capital district (distrito capital) corresponding to the city of Caracas, the Federal Dependencies (Dependencias Federales, a special territory), and Guayana Esequiba (claimed in a border dispute with Guyana). Venezuela is further subdivided into 335 municipalities (municipios); these are subdivided into over one thousand parishes (parroquias). + GAZ:00003959 Virgin Islands [GAZ:00003959] The easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It borders the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, alongside China, Laos, and Cambodia. + GAZ:00007111 Wake Island [GAZ:00007111] A group of islands in the Caribbean that are an insular area of the United States. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles. The US Virgin Islands are an organized, unincorporated United States territory. The US Virgin Islands are administratively divided into two districts and subdivided into 20 sub-districts. + GAZ:00007191 Wallis and Futuna [GAZ:00007191] A coral atoll (despite its name) having a coastline of 19 km in the North Pacific Ocean, located about two-thirds of the way from Honolulu (3,700 km west) to Guam (2,430 km east). + GAZ:00009572 West Bank [GAZ:00009572] A Polynesian French island territory (but not part of, or even contiguous with, French Polynesia) in the South Pacific between Fiji and Samoa. It is made up of three main volcanic tropical islands and a number of tiny islets. + GAZ:00000564 Western Sahara [GAZ:00000564] A landlocked territory near the Mediterranean coast of Western Asia, bordered by Jordan and the Dead Sea to the east and by Israel to the south, west and north.[2] Under Israeli occupation since 1967, the area is split into 167 Palestinian "islands" under partial Palestinian National Authority civil rule, and 230 Israeli settlements into which Israeli law is "pipelined". + GAZ:00005284 Yemen [GAZ:00005284] A territory of northwestern Africa, bordered by Morocco to the north, Algeria in the northeast, Mauritania to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean on the west. Western Sahara is administratively divided into four regions. + GAZ:00001107 Zambia [GAZ:00001107] A country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. Yemen is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east. Yemen's territory includes over 200 islands, the largest of which is Socotra, about 415 km to the south of Yemen, off the coast of Somalia. As of 2004-02, Yemen is divided into twenty governorates (muhafazah) and one municipality. The population of each governorate is listed in the table below. The governorates of Yemen are divided into 333 districts (muderiah). The districts are subdivided into 2,210 sub-districts, and then into 38,284 villages (as of 2001). + GAZ:00001106 Zimbabwe [GAZ:00001106] A landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west. The capital city is Lusaka. Zambia is divided into nine provinces. Each province is subdivided into several districts with a total of 73 districts. + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_slots.tsv b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_slots.tsv new file mode 100644 index 00000000..73ad85f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/web/templates/b2b2b/schema_slots.tsv @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ +class_name slot_group slot_uri title name range range_2 identifier multivalued required recommended minimum_value maximum_value pattern structured_pattern description comments examples EXPORT_BIOSAMPLE EXPORT_ENA +B2B2B GENEPIO:0001122 Database Identifiers + Database Identifiers GENEPIO:0001123 sample_collector_sample_ID sample_collector_sample_ID WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The user-defined name for the sample. The sample_ID should represent the identifier assigned to the sample at time of collection, for which all the descriptive information applies. If the original sample_ID is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. ABCD123 + Database Identifiers GENEPIO:0001136 BioProject_accession bioproject_accession WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The INSDC (i.e., ENA, NCBI, or DDBJ) accession number of the BioProject(s) to which the BioSample belongs. Store the BioProject accession number. BioProjects are an organizing tool that links together raw sequence data, assemblies, and their associated metadata. Each province will be assigned a different bioproject accession number by the National Microbiology Lab. A valid NCBI BioProject accession has prefix PRJN e.g., PRJNA12345, and is created once at the beginning of a new sequencing project. PRJNA608651 + Database Identifiers GENEPIO:0001139 BioSample_accession biosample_accession WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The identifier assigned to a BioSample in INSDC archives. Store the accession returned from the BioSample submission. NCBI BioSamples will have the prefix SAMN, while ENA BioSamples will have the prefix SAMEA. SAMN14180202 + GENEPIO:0001150 Sample collection and processing + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0101107 sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email sample_collection_data_steward_contact_email WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The email address of the individual responsible for the data governance, (meta)data usage and distribution of the sample. Provide the email address of the sample collection data steward. This may or may not be the same individual/organization that collected the sample. If the contact is the same, provide the same address as the "sample collector contact email". bloggsj@aglab.ca + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001153 sample_collected_by sample_collected_by WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the organization with which the sample collector is affiliated. The name of the agency should be written out in full, (with minor exceptions) and be consistent across multiple submissions. Public Health Agency of Canada + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100429 sample_collection_name sample_collection_name WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the sample collection. If the sample is associated with a particular collection, provide the name of the sample collection. Type culture collection names can be referenced here. Private collections and sample collection project names can also be included. American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) + Sample collection and processing OBIB:0000001 sample_collection_ID sample_collection_ID WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The identifier associated with the sample collection. If the sample is associated with a particular collection that can be refered to by an identifier, provide the identifier of the sample collection. BCRCAMUAMR + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0102067 sample_collection_URL sample_collection_URL WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The URL associated with online material about a sample collection. If the sample collection has online materials that may be useful for providing context, include the URL associated with the sample collection. https://www.jpiamr.eu/projects/b2b2b-amrdx/ + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001156 sample_collector_contact_email sample_collector_contact_email WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sample. The email address can represent a specific individual or lab e.g. johnnyblogs@lab.ca, or RespLab@lab.ca WaterTester@facility.ca + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001181 geo_loc_name_(country) geo_loc_name_(country) GeoLocNameCountryMenu null value menu TRUE The country of origin of the sample. If known, select a value from the pick list. Canada + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001185 geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory) geo_loc_name_(state/province/territory) WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The state/province/territory of origin of the sample. Provide the state/province/territory name from the GAZ geography ontology. Search for geography terms here: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/ontologies/ga Western Cape + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100436 geo_loc_name_(site) geo_loc_name_(site) WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of a specific geographical location e.g. Credit River (rather than river). Provide the name of the specific geographical site using a specific noun (a word that names a certain place, thing). Credit River + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001191 organism organism OrganismMenu null value menu TRUE Taxonomic name of the organism. Provide the official nomenclature for the organism present in the sample. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica [NCBITaxon:59201] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001198 purpose_of_sampling purpose_of_sampling PurposeOfSamplingMenu null value menu TRUE The reason that the sample was collected. The reason a sample was collected may provide information about potential biases in sampling strategy. Provide the purpose of sampling from the picklist in the template. Most likely, the sample was collected for Diagnostic testing. The reason why a sample was originally collected may differ from the reason why it was selected for sequencing, which should be indicated in the "purpose of sequencing" field. Surveillance [GENEPIO:0100004] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100433 presampling_activity presampling_activity PresamplingActivityMenu null value menu TRUE The experimental activities or variables that affected the sample collected. If there was experimental activity that would affect the sample prior to collection (this is different than sample processing), provide the experimental activities by selecting one or more values from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Antimicrobial pre-treatment [GENEPIO:0100537] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100434 presampling_activity_details presampling_activity_details WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The details of the experimental activities or variables that affected the sample collected. Briefly describe the experimental details using free text. Chicken feed containing novobiocin was fed to chickens for 72 hours prior to collection of litter. + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100921 experimental_specimen_role_type experimental_specimen_role_type ExperimentalSpecimenRoleTypeMenu null value menu TRUE The type of role that the sample represents in the experiment. Samples can play different types of roles in experiments. A sample under study in one experiment may act as a control or be a replicate of another sample in another experiment. This field is used to distinguish samples under study from controls, replicates, etc. If the sample acted as an experimental control or a replicate, select a role type from the picklist. If the sample was not a control, leave blank or select "Not Applicable". Positive experimental control [GENEPIO:0101018] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100922 experimental_control_details experimental_control_details WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The details regarding the experimental control contained in the sample. Provide details regarding the nature of the reference strain used as a control, or what is was used to monitor. + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100435 specimen_processing specimen_processing SpecimenProcessingMenu null value menu TRUE The processing applied to samples post-collection, prior to further testing, characterization, or isolation procedures. Provide the sample processing information by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Samples pooled [OBI:0600016] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100311 specimen_processing_details specimen_processing_details WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The details of the processing applied to the sample during or after receiving the sample. Briefly describe the processes applied to the sample. 25 samples were pooled and further prepared as a single sample during library prep. + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100437 food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country) food_product_origin_geo_loc_name (country) GeoLocNameCountryMenu null value menu TRUE The country of origin of a food product. If a food product was sampled and the food product was manufactured outside of Canada, provide the name of the country where the food product originated by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown, cannot be provided, or is not applicable to the sample type, leave blank or provide a null value. United States of America [GAZ:00002459] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100438 host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country) host_origin_geo_loc_name_(country) GeoLocNameCountryMenu null value menu TRUE The country of origin of the host. If a sample is from a human or animal host that originated from outside of Canada, provide the the name of the country where the host originated by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown, cannot be provided, or is not applicable to the sample type, leave blank or provide a null value. South Africa [GAZ:00001094] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001174 sample_collection_date sample_collection_date date null value menu TRUE The date on which the sample was collected. Provide the date according to the ISO 8601 standard "YYYY-MM-DD", "YYYY-MM" or "YYYY". 2020-10-30 + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001232 environmental_site environmental_site EnvironmentalSiteMenu null value menu TRUE An environmental location may describe a site in the natural or built environment e.g. hospital, wet market, bat cave. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the environmental site from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. Poultry hatchery [ENVO:01001874] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001223 environmental_material environmental_material EnvironmentalMaterialMenu null value menu TRUE A substance obtained from the natural or man-made environment e.g. soil, water, sewage, door handle, bed handrail, face mask. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the environmental material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. Wastewater [ENVO:00002001] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001211 anatomical_material anatomical_material AnatomicalMaterialMenu null value menu TRUE A substance obtained from an anatomical part of an organism e.g. tissue, blood. An anatomical material is a substance taken from the body. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. Tissue [UBERON:0000479]; Blood [UBERON:0000178] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001216 body_product body_product BodyProductMenu null value menu TRUE A substance excreted/secreted from an organism e.g. feces, urine, sweat. A body product is a substance produced by the body but meant to be excreted/secreted (i.e. not part of the body). If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the body product from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. Feces [UBERON:0001988]; Urine [UBERON:0001088] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001214 anatomical_part anatomical_part AnatomicalPartMenu null value menu TRUE An anatomical part of an organism e.g. oropharynx. An anatomical part is a structure or location in the body. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. Cloaca [UBERON:0000162] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100444 food_product food_product FoodProductMenu null value menu TRUE A material consumed and digested for nutritional value or enjoyment. This field includes animal feed. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. Chicken breast [FOODON:00002703] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0100445 food_product_properties food_product_properties FoodProductPropertiesMenu null value menu TRUE Any characteristic of the food product pertaining to its state, processing, or implications for consumers. Provide any characteristics of the food product including whether it has been cooked, processed, preserved, any known information about its state (e.g. raw, ready-to-eat), any known information about its containment (e.g. canned), and any information about a label claim (e.g. organic, fat-free). Food (chopped) [FOODON:00002777] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001234 collection_device collection_device CollectionDeviceMenu null value menu TRUE The instrument or container used to collect the sample e.g. swab. This field includes animal feed. If applicable, select the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. Vacutainer [OBIB:0000032] + Sample collection and processing GENEPIO:0001241 collection_method collection_method CollectionMethodMenu null value menu TRUE The process used to collect the sample e.g. phlebotomy, necropsy. If applicable, provide the standardized term and ontology ID for the anatomical material from the picklist provided. Multiple values can be provided, separated by a semi-colon. Necropsy [MMO:0000344] + GENEPIO:0001268 Host information + Host information GENEPIO:0001386 host_(common_name) host_(common_name) HostCommonNameMenu null value menu TRUE The commonly used name of the host. Common name or scientific name are required if there was a host. Both can be provided, if known. Use terms from the pick lists in the template. Common name e.g. human, bat. If the sample was environmental, put "not applicable. Human [NCBITaxon:9606] + Host information GENEPIO:0001387 host_(scientific_name) host_(scientific_name) HostScientificNameMenu null value menu TRUE The taxonomic, or scientific name of the host. Common name or scientific name are required if there was a host. Both can be provided, if known. Use terms from the pick lists in the template. Scientific name e.g. Homo sapiens, If the sample was environmental, put "not applicable Homo sapiens [NCBITaxon:9606] + Host information GENEPIO:0001391 host_disease host_disease WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the disease experienced by the host. This field is only required if there was a host. If the host was a human select COVID-19 from the pick list. If the host was asymptomatic, this can be recorded under “host health state details”. "COVID-19" should still be provided if patient is asymptomatic. If the host is not human, and the disease state is not known or the host appears healthy, put “not applicable”. Mastitis [MONDO:0006849] + Host Information GENEPIO:0001392 host_age host_age integer null value menu TRUE Age of host at the time of sampling. If there was a host and the host age is known, provide the age. 79 + Host Information GENEPIO:0001393 host_age_unit host_age_unit HostAgeUnitMenu NullValueMenu TRUE The units used to measure the host's age. If known, provide the age units used to measure the host's age from the pick list. year + Host Information GENEPIO:0001395 host_gender host_gender HostGenderMenu NullValueMenu TRUE The gender of the host at the time of sample collection. If known, select a value from the pick list. Male + GENEPIO:0100453 Strain and isolation information + Strain and isolation information GENEPIO:0100456 isolate_ID isolate_ID WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The user-defined identifier for the isolate, as provided by the laboratory that originally isolated the isolate. Provide the isolate_ID created by the lab that first isolated the isolate (i.e. the original isolate ID). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. If only an alternate isolate ID is known (e.g. the ID from your lab, if your lab did not isolate the isolate from the original sample), make asure to include it in the alternative_isolate_ID field. SA20131043 + Strain and isolation information GENEPIO:0100461 isolated_by isolated_by WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the agency, organization or institution with which the individual who performed the isolation procedure is affiliated. Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that isolated the original isolate in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Public Health Agency of Canada + Strain and isolation information GENEPIO:0100464 isolated_by_contact_email isolated_by_contact_email WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the isolate. Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more prefereable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. enterics@lab.ca + GENEPIO:0001441 Sequence information + Sequence information GENEPIO:0100997 sequencing_assay_type sequencing_assay_type SequencingAssayTypeMenu null value menu TRUE The overarching sequencing methodology that was used to determine the sequence of a biomaterial. Provide the name of the DNA or RNA sequencing technology used in your study. If unsure refer to the protocol documentation, or provide a null value. Whole genome sequencing assay [OBI:0002117] + Sequence information GENEPIO:0001448 library_ID library_ID WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The user-specified identifier for the library prepared for sequencing. The library name should be unique, and can be an autogenerated ID from your LIMS, or modification of the isolate ID. XYZ_123345 + Sequence information GENEPIO:0100939 nucleic_acid_extraction_method nucleic_acid_extraction_method WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The process used to extract genomic material from a sample. Briefly describe the extraction method used. Direct wastewater RNA capture and purification via the "Sewage, Salt, Silica and SARS-CoV-2 (4S)" method v4 found at https://www.protocols.io/view/v-4-direct-wastewater-rna-capture-and-purification-36wgq581ygk5/v4 + Sequence information GENEPIO:0100966 genomic_target_enrichment_method genomic_target_enrichment_method WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The molecular technique used to selectively capture and amplify specific regions of interest from a genome. Provide the name of the enrichment method Hybrid selection method (bait-capture) [GENEPIO:0001950] + Sequence information GENEPIO:0001450 library_preparation_kit library_preparation_kit WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the DNA library preparation kit used to generate the library being sequenced. Provide the name of the library preparation kit used. Nextera XT + Sequence information GENEPIO:0100473 sequencing_platform sequencing_platform SequencingPlatformMenu null value menu TRUE The platform technology used to perform the sequencing. Provide the name of the company that created the sequencing instrument by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Illumina [GENEPIO:0001923] + Sequence information GENEPIO:0001452 sequencing_instrument sequencing_instrument SequencingInstrumentMenu null value menu TRUE The model of the sequencing instrument used. Provide the model sequencing instrument by selecting a value from the template pick list. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Illumina HiSeq 2500 [GENEPIO:0100117] + Sequence information GENEPIO:0001445 purpose_of_sequencing purpose_of_sequencing PurposeOfSequencingMenu null value menu TRUE The reason that the sample was sequenced. The reason why a sample was originally collected may differ from the reason why it was selected for sequencing. The reason a sample was sequenced may provide information about potential biases in sequencing strategy. Provide the purpose of sequencing from the picklist in the template. The reason for sample collection should be indicated in the "purpose of sampling" field. Cluster/Outbreak investigation [GENEPIO:0100001] + Sequence information GENEPIO:0001446 purpose_of_sequencing_details purpose_of_sequencing_details WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The description of why the sample was sequenced providing specific details. Provide an expanded description of why the sample was sequenced using free text. The description may include the importance of the sequences for a particular public health investigation/surveillance activity/research question. Suggested standardized descriptions include: Assessing public health control measures, Determining early introductions and spread, Investigating airline-related exposures, Investigating remote regions, Investigating health care workers, Investigating schools/universities. Hospital outbreak + Sequence information GENEPIO:0100416 sequenced_by sequenced_by WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the agency, organization or institution responsible for sequencing the isolate's genome. Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that performed the sequencing in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Public Health Agency of Canada + Sequence information GENEPIO:0100471 sequenced_by_contact_email sequenced_by_contact_email WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sequence. Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more prefereable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. enterics@lab.ca + Sequence information GENEPIO:0001159 sequence_submitted_by sequence_submitted_by WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the agency that submitted the sequence to a database. The name of the agency should be written out in full, (with minor exceptions) and be consistent across multiple submissions. For Canadian institutions submitting specimens rather than sequencing data, please put the "National Microbiology Laboratory (NML)". Public Health Ontario (PHO) + Sequence information GENEPIO:0001165 sequence_submitter_contact_email sequence_submitter_contact_email WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The email address of the contact responsible for follow-up regarding the sequence. The email address can represent a specific individual or laboratory. RespLab@lab.ca + GENEPIO:0001457 Bioinformatics and QC metrics + Bioinformatics and QC metrics GENEPIO:0001458 raw_sequence_data_processing_method raw_sequence_data_processing_method WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The names of the software and version number used for raw data processing such as removing barcodes, adapter trimming, filtering etc. Provide the software name followed by the version e.g. Trimmomatic v. 0.38, Porechop v. 0.2.3 Porechop 0.2.3 + Bioinformatics and QC metrics GENEPIO:0001459 dehosting_method dehosting_method WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The method used to remove host reads from the pathogen sequence. Provide the name and version number of the software used to remove host reads. Nanostripper + Bioinformatics and QC metrics GENEPIO:0100827 number_of_total_reads number_of_total_reads integer null value menu TRUE The total number of non-unique reads generated by the sequencing process. Provide a numerical value (no need to include units). 423867 + GENEPIO:0001516 Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100511 AMR_testing_by amr_testing_by WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing. Provide the name of the agency, organization or institution that performed the AMR testing, in full (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Canadian Food Inspection Agency + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100512 AMR_testing_by_laboratory_name amr_testing_by_laboratory_name AmrTestingByLaboratoryNameMenu null value menu TRUE The name of the lab within the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing. Provide the name of the specific laboratory that performed the AMR testing (avoid abbreviations). If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Topp Lab + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100513 AMR_testing_by_contact_name amr_testing_by_contact_name WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The name of the individual or the individual's role in the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing. Provide the name of an individual or their job title. As personnel turnover may render the contact's name obsolete, it is more preferable to provide a job title for ensuring accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. Enterics Lab Manager + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100514 AMR_testing_by_contact_email amr_testing_by_contact_email WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The email of the individual or the individual's role in the organization that performed the antimicrobial resistance testing. Provide the email associated with the listed contact. As personnel turnover may render an individual's email obsolete, it is more preferable to provide an address for a position or lab, to ensure accuracy of information and institutional memory. If the information is unknown or cannot be provided, leave blank or provide a null value. johnnyblogs@lab.ca + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100515 AMR_testing_date amr_testing_date date null value menu TRUE The date the antimicrobial resistance testing was performed. Provide the date according to the ISO 8601 standard "YYYY-MM-DD", "YYYY-MM" or "YYYY". 2022-04-03 + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100521 AMR_agent_name amr_agent_name AmrAgentNameMenu null value menu TRUE The name of the agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. The names of the drug have already been matched with measurement, breakpoint, and phenotype fields in the template. No need to add these unless the drug of interest is not present. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other agents. Amoxicillin-clavulanic [ARO:3003997] + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100525 AMR_phenotype amr_phenotype AmrPhenotypeMenu null value menu TRUE The antimicrobial resistance phenotype, as determined by the antibiotic susceptibility measurement and testing standard. Select a phenotype from the pick list provided. Susceptible antimicrobial phenotype [ARO:3004302] + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100524 AMR_measurement_sign amr_measurement_sign AmrMeasurementSignMenu null value menu TRUE The qualifier associated with the antibiotic susceptibility measurement Select the comparator sign from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other signs if necessary. greater than (>) [GENEPIO:0001006] + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100522 AMR_measurement amr_measurement WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The measured value of antimicrobial resistance. This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals). 4 + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100523 AMR_measurement_units amr_measurement_units AmrMeasurementUnitsMenu null value menu TRUE The units of the antimicrobial resistance measurement. Select the units from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other units if necessary. ug/mL [UO:0000274] + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100526 AMR_laboratory_typing_method amr_laboratory_typing_method WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The general method used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Select a typing method from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other methods if necessary. Broth dilution [ARO:3004397] + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100527 AMR_laboratory_typing_platform amr_laboratory_typing_platform AmrLaboratoryTypingPlatformMenu null value menu TRUE The brand/platform used for antibiotic susceptibility testing Select a typing platform from the pick list provided. Use the Term Request System to request the addition of other platforms if necessary. Sensitire [ARO:3004402] + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100528 AMR_laboratory_typing_platform_version amr_laboratory_typing_platform_version WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The specific name and version of the plate, panel, or other platform used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Include any additional information about the antimicrobial susceptibility test such as the drug panel details. CMV3AGNF + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100529 AMR_vendor_name amr_vendor_name AmrVendorNameMenu null value menu TRUE The name of the vendor of the testing platform used. Provide the full name of the company (avoid abbreviations). Sensititre [ARO:3004402] + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100530 AMR_testing_standard amr_testing_standard AmrTestingStandardMenu null value menu TRUE The testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype Select a testing standard from the pick list provided. Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) [ARO:3004366] + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100531 AMR_testing_standard_version amr_testing_standard_version WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The version number associated with the testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype If applicable, include a version number for the testing standard used. M100 + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100520 AMR_testing_standard_details amr_testing_standard_details WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The additional details associated with the testing standard used for determination of resistance phenotype This information may include the year or location where the testing standard was published. If not applicable, leave blank. 27th ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2017. + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100516 AMR_testing_susceptible_breakpoint amr_testing_susceptible_breakpoint WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The maximum measurement, in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, for a sample to be considered “sensitive” to this antibiotic This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “<=” qualifier is implied. 8 + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100517 AMR_testing_intermediate_breakpoint amr_testing_intermediate_breakpoint WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The intermediate measurement(s), in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, where a sample would be considered to have an “intermediate” phenotype for this antibiotic This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “>_<” qualifier is implied. 16 + Antimicrobial resistance phenotypic testing GENEPIO:0100518 AMR_testing_resistant_breakpoint amr_testing_resistant_breakpoint WhitespaceMinimizedString null value menu TRUE The minimum measurement, in the units specified in the “AMR_measurement_units” field, for a sample to be considered “resistant” to this antibiotic This field should only contain a number (either an integer or a number with decimals), since the “>=” qualifier is implied. 32 + GENEPIO:0001516 Contributor acknowledgement + Contributor acknowledgement GENEPIO:0001517 authors authors WhitespaceMinimizedString TRUE Names of individuals contributing to the processes of sample collection, sequence generation, analysis, and data submission. Include the first and last names of all individuals that should be attributed, separated by a semicolon. Tejinder Singh; Fei Hu; Joe Blogs Authors + Contributor acknowledgement GENEPIO:0001518 DataHarmonizer provenance dataharmonizer_provenance Provenance The DataHarmonizer software and template version provenance. The current software and template version information will be automatically generated in this field after the user utilizes the "validate" function. This information will be generated regardless as to whether the row is valid of not. DataHarmonizer v3.3.3, B2B2B v1.0.0 DataHarmonizer provenance + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/web/templates/menu.json b/web/templates/menu.json index 1fb2f926..5bdcad1c 100644 --- a/web/templates/menu.json +++ b/web/templates/menu.json @@ -161,5 +161,16 @@ "version": "1.0.0" } } + }, + "B2B2B": { + "folder": "b2b2b", + "id": "https://example.com/B2B2B", + "version": "1.0.0", + "templates": { + "B2B2B": { + "name": "B2B2B", + "display": true + } + } } } \ No newline at end of file