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<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="" xml:lang=""> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge,chrome=1"/> <meta name="generator" content="distill" /> <style type="text/css"> /* Hide doc at startup (prevent jankiness while JS renders/transforms) */ body { visibility: hidden; } </style> <!--radix_placeholder_import_source--> <!--/radix_placeholder_import_source--> <!--radix_placeholder_meta_tags--> <title>Storytelling with R: Untitled</title> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"/> <!-- https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters#markup --> <meta property="og:title" content="Storytelling with R: Untitled"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Storytelling with R"/> <!-- https://dev.twitter.com/cards/types/summary --> <meta property="twitter:card" content="summary"/> <meta property="twitter:title" content="Storytelling with R: Untitled"/> <meta property="twitter:site" content="@dataandme"/> <!--/radix_placeholder_meta_tags--> <!--radix_placeholder_rmarkdown_metadata--> <script type="text/json" id="radix-rmarkdown-metadata"> {"type":"list","attributes":{},"value":[]} </script> <!--/radix_placeholder_rmarkdown_metadata--> <!--radix_placeholder_navigation_in_header--> <script type="application/javascript"> window.headroom_prevent_pin = false; window.document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function (event) { // initialize headroom for banner var header = $('header').get(0); var headerHeight = header.offsetHeight; var headroom = new Headroom(header, { onPin : function() { if (window.headroom_prevent_pin) { window.headroom_prevent_pin = false; headroom.unpin(); } } }); headroom.init(); if(window.location.hash) headroom.unpin(); $(header).addClass('headroom--transition'); // offset scroll location for banner on hash change // (see: WickyNilliams/headroom.js#38) window.addEventListener("hashchange", function(event) { window.scrollTo(0, window.pageYOffset - (headerHeight + 25)); }); // responsive menu $('.distill-site-header').each(function(i, val) { var topnav = $(this); var toggle = topnav.find('.nav-toggle'); toggle.on('click', function() { topnav.toggleClass('responsive'); }); }); // nav dropdowns $('.nav-dropbtn').click(function(e) { $(this).next('.nav-dropdown-content').toggleClass('nav-dropdown-active'); $(this).parent().siblings('.nav-dropdown') .children('.nav-dropdown-content').removeClass('nav-dropdown-active'); }); $("body").click(function(e){ $('.nav-dropdown-content').removeClass('nav-dropdown-active'); }); $(".nav-dropdown").click(function(e){ e.stopPropagation(); }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> /* Theme (user-documented overrideables for nav appearance) */ .distill-site-nav { color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8); background-color: #455a64; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 300; } .distill-site-nav a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; } .distill-site-nav a:hover { color: white; } @media print { .distill-site-nav { display: none; } } .distill-site-header { } .distill-site-footer { } /* Site Header */ .distill-site-header { width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; z-index: 3; } .distill-site-header .nav-left { display: inline-block; margin-left: 8px; } @media screen and (max-width: 768px) { .distill-site-header .nav-left { margin-left: 0; } } .distill-site-header .nav-right { float: right; margin-right: 8px; } .distill-site-header a, .distill-site-header .title { display: inline-block; text-align: center; padding: 14px 10px 14px 10px; } .distill-site-header .title { font-size: 18px; } .distill-site-header .logo { padding: 0; } .distill-site-header .logo img { display: none; max-height: 20px; width: auto; margin-bottom: -4px; } .distill-site-header .nav-image img { max-height: 18px; width: auto; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: -3px; } @media screen and (min-width: 1000px) { .distill-site-header .logo img { display: inline-block; } .distill-site-header .nav-left { margin-left: 20px; } .distill-site-header .nav-right { margin-right: 20px; } .distill-site-header .title { padding-left: 12px; } } .distill-site-header .nav-toggle { display: none; } .nav-dropdown { display: inline-block; position: relative; } .nav-dropdown .nav-dropbtn { border: none; outline: none; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8); padding: 16px 10px; background-color: transparent; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0; margin-top: 1px; z-index: 2; } .nav-dropdown-content { display: none; position: absolute; background-color: white; min-width: 200px; border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.15); border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); z-index: 1; margin-top: 2px; white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 4px; padding-bottom: 4px; } .nav-dropdown-content hr { margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 4px; border: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); } .nav-dropdown-active { display: block; } .nav-dropdown-content a, .nav-dropdown-content .nav-dropdown-header { color: black; padding: 6px 24px; text-decoration: none; display: block; text-align: left; } .nav-dropdown-content .nav-dropdown-header { display: block; padding: 5px 24px; padding-bottom: 0; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 14px; color: #999999; white-space: nowrap; } .nav-dropdown:hover .nav-dropbtn { color: white; } .nav-dropdown-content a:hover { background-color: #ddd; color: black; } .nav-right .nav-dropdown-content { margin-left: -45%; right: 0; } @media screen and (max-width: 768px) { .distill-site-header a, .distill-site-header .nav-dropdown {display: none;} .distill-site-header a.nav-toggle { float: right; display: block; } .distill-site-header .title { margin-left: 0; } .distill-site-header .nav-right { margin-right: 0; } .distill-site-header { overflow: hidden; } .nav-right .nav-dropdown-content { margin-left: 0; } } @media screen and (max-width: 768px) { .distill-site-header.responsive {position: relative;} .distill-site-header.responsive a.nav-toggle { position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .distill-site-header.responsive a, .distill-site-header.responsive .nav-dropdown { display: block; text-align: left; } .distill-site-header.responsive .nav-left, .distill-site-header.responsive .nav-right { width: 100%; } .distill-site-header.responsive .nav-dropdown {float: none;} .distill-site-header.responsive .nav-dropdown-content {position: relative;} .distill-site-header.responsive .nav-dropdown .nav-dropbtn { display: block; width: 100%; text-align: left; } } /* Site Footer */ .distill-site-footer { width: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; z-index: 3; margin-top: 30px; padding-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 30px; text-align: center; } /* Headroom */ d-title { padding-top: 6rem; } @media print { d-title { padding-top: 4rem; } } .headroom { z-index: 1000; position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; } .headroom--transition { transition: all .4s ease-in-out; } .headroom--unpinned { top: -100px; } .headroom--pinned { top: 0; } </style> <link href="site_libs/font-awesome-5.1.0/css/all.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link href="site_libs/font-awesome-5.1.0/css/v4-shims.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <script src="site_libs/headroom-0.9.4/headroom.min.js"></script> <!--/radix_placeholder_navigation_in_header--> <!--radix_placeholder_distill--> <style type="text/css"> body { background-color: white; } .pandoc-table { width: 100%; } .pandoc-table>caption { margin-bottom: 10px; } .pandoc-table th:not([align]) { text-align: left; } .pagedtable-footer { font-size: 15px; } .html-widget { margin-bottom: 2.0em; } .l-screen-inset { padding-right: 16px; } .l-screen .caption { margin-left: 10px; } .shaded { background: rgb(247, 247, 247); padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 20px; border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); } .shaded .html-widget { margin-bottom: 0; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); } .shaded .shaded-content { background: white; } .text-output { margin-top: 0; line-height: 1.5em; } .hidden { display: none !important; } d-article { padding-bottom: 30px; } d-appendix { padding-top: 30px; } d-article>p>img { width: 100%; } d-article iframe { border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); margin-bottom: 2.0em; width: 100%; } figure img.external { background: white; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); box-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; } /* CSS for table of contents */ .d-toc { color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8); font-size: 0.8em; line-height: 1em; } .d-toc-header { font-size: 0.6rem; font-weight: 400; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); text-transform: uppercase; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 1.3em; } .d-toc a { border-bottom: none; } .d-toc ul { padding-left: 0; } .d-toc li>ul { padding-top: 0.8em; padding-left: 16px; margin-bottom: 0.6em; } .d-toc ul, .d-toc li { list-style-type: none; } .d-toc li { margin-bottom: 0.9em; } .d-toc-separator { margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 2em; } .d-article-with-toc { border-top: none; padding-top: 0; } /* Tweak code blocks (note that this CSS is repeated above in an injection into the d-code shadow dom) */ d-code { overflow-x: auto !important; } pre.d-code code.d-code { padding-left: 10px; font-size: 12px; border-left: 2px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1); } pre.text-output { font-size: 12px; color: black; background: none; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace; text-align: left; white-space: pre; word-spacing: normal; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; line-height: 1.5; -moz-tab-size: 4; -o-tab-size: 4; tab-size: 4; -webkit-hyphens: none; -moz-hyphens: none; -ms-hyphens: none; hyphens: none; } @media(min-width: 768px) { d-code { overflow-x: visible !important; } pre.d-code code.d-code { padding-left: 18px; font-size: 14px; } pre.text-output { font-size: 14px; } } /* Figure */ .figure { position: relative; margin-bottom: 2.5em; margin-top: 1.5em; } .figure img { width: 100%; } .figure .caption { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5em; } .figure img.external { background: white; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); box-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; } .figure .caption a { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6); } .figure .caption b, .figure .caption strong, { font-weight: 600; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0); } /* Tweak 1000px media break to show more text */ @media(min-width: 1000px) { .base-grid, distill-header, d-title, d-abstract, d-article, d-appendix, distill-appendix, d-byline, d-footnote-list, d-citation-list, distill-footer { grid-template-columns: [screen-start] 1fr [page-start kicker-start] 80px [middle-start] 50px [text-start kicker-end] 65px 65px 65px 65px 65px 65px 65px 65px [text-end gutter-start] 65px [middle-end] 65px [page-end gutter-end] 1fr [screen-end]; grid-column-gap: 16px; } .grid { grid-column-gap: 16px; } d-article { font-size: 1.06rem; line-height: 1.7em; } figure .caption, .figure .caption, figure figcaption { font-size: 13px; } } @media(min-width: 1180px) { .base-grid, distill-header, d-title, d-abstract, d-article, d-appendix, distill-appendix, d-byline, d-footnote-list, d-citation-list, distill-footer { grid-template-columns: [screen-start] 1fr [page-start kicker-start] 60px [middle-start] 60px [text-start kicker-end] 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px [text-end gutter-start] 60px [middle-end] 60px [page-end gutter-end] 1fr [screen-end]; grid-column-gap: 32px; } .grid { grid-column-gap: 32px; } } /* Get the citation styles for the appendix (not auto-injected on render since we do our own rendering of the citation appendix) */ d-appendix .citation-appendix, .d-appendix .citation-appendix { font-size: 11px; line-height: 15px; border-left: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); padding-left: 18px; border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1); background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02); padding: 10px 18px; border-radius: 3px; color: rgba(150, 150, 150, 1); overflow: hidden; margin-top: -12px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; } /* Social footer */ .social_footer { margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 0; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.67); } .disqus-comments { margin-right: 30px; } .disqus-comment-count { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4); cursor: pointer; } #disqus_thread { margin-top: 30px; } .article-sharing a { border-bottom: none; margin-right: 8px; } .article-sharing a:hover { border-bottom: none; } .sidebar-section.subscribe { font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6em; } .subscribe p { margin-bottom: 0.5em; } .article-footer .subscribe { font-size: 15px; margin-top: 45px; } /* Improve display for browsers without grid (IE/Edge <= 15) */ .downlevel { line-height: 1.6em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0; } .downlevel .d-title { padding-top: 6rem; padding-bottom: 1.5rem; } .downlevel .d-title h1 { font-size: 50px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0 0 0.5rem; } .downlevel .d-title p { font-weight: 300; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.55em; margin-top: 0; } .downlevel .d-byline { padding-top: 0.8em; padding-bottom: 0.8em; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.8em; } .downlevel .section-separator { border: none; border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); } .downlevel .d-article { font-size: 1.06rem; line-height: 1.7em; padding-top: 1rem; padding-bottom: 2rem; } .downlevel .d-appendix { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; max-width: none; font-size: 0.8em; line-height: 1.7em; margin-bottom: 0; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); padding-top: 40px; padding-bottom: 48px; } .downlevel .footnotes ol { padding-left: 13px; } .downlevel .base-grid, .downlevel .distill-header, .downlevel .d-title, .downlevel .d-abstract, .downlevel .d-article, .downlevel .d-appendix, .downlevel .distill-appendix, .downlevel .d-byline, .downlevel .d-footnote-list, .downlevel .d-citation-list, .downlevel .distill-footer, .downlevel .appendix-bottom, .downlevel .posts-container { padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 40px; } @media(min-width: 768px) { .downlevel .base-grid, .downlevel .distill-header, .downlevel .d-title, .downlevel .d-abstract, .downlevel .d-article, .downlevel .d-appendix, .downlevel .distill-appendix, .downlevel .d-byline, .downlevel .d-footnote-list, .downlevel .d-citation-list, .downlevel .distill-footer, .downlevel .appendix-bottom, .downlevel .posts-container { padding-left: 150px; padding-right: 150px; max-width: 900px; } } .downlevel pre code { display: block; border-left: 2px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, .1); padding: 0 0 0 20px; font-size: 14px; } .downlevel code, .downlevel pre { color: black; background: none; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace; text-align: left; white-space: pre; word-spacing: normal; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal; line-height: 1.5; -moz-tab-size: 4; -o-tab-size: 4; tab-size: 4; -webkit-hyphens: none; -moz-hyphens: none; -ms-hyphens: none; hyphens: none; } </style> <script type="application/javascript"> function is_downlevel_browser() { if (bowser.isUnsupportedBrowser({ msie: "12", msedge: "16"}, window.navigator.userAgent)) { return true; } else { return window.load_distill_framework === undefined; } } // show body when load is complete function on_load_complete() { // set body to visible document.body.style.visibility = 'visible'; // force redraw for leaflet widgets if (window.HTMLWidgets) { var maps = window.HTMLWidgets.findAll(".leaflet"); $.each(maps, function(i, el) { var map = this.getMap(); map.invalidateSize(); map.eachLayer(function(layer) { if (layer instanceof L.TileLayer) layer.redraw(); }); }); } // trigger 'shown' so htmlwidgets resize $('d-article').trigger('shown'); } function init_distill() { init_common(); // create front matter var front_matter = $('<d-front-matter></d-front-matter>'); $('#distill-front-matter').wrap(front_matter); // create d-title $('.d-title').changeElementType('d-title'); // create d-byline var byline = $('<d-byline></d-byline>'); $('.d-byline').replaceWith(byline); // create d-article var article = $('<d-article></d-article>'); $('.d-article').wrap(article).children().unwrap(); // move posts container into article $('.posts-container').appendTo($('d-article')); // create d-appendix $('.d-appendix').changeElementType('d-appendix'); // create d-bibliography var bibliography = $('<d-bibliography></d-bibliography>'); $('#distill-bibliography').wrap(bibliography); // flag indicating that we have appendix items var appendix = $('.appendix-bottom').children('h3').length > 0; // replace citations with <d-cite> $('.citation').each(function(i, val) { appendix = true; var cites = $(this).attr('data-cites').split(" "); var dt_cite = $('<d-cite></d-cite>'); dt_cite.attr('key', cites.join()); $(this).replaceWith(dt_cite); }); // remove refs $('#refs').remove(); // replace footnotes with <d-footnote> $('.footnote-ref').each(function(i, val) { appendix = true; var href = $(this).attr('href'); var id = href.replace('#', ''); var fn = $('#' + id); var fn_p = $('#' + id + '>p'); fn_p.find('.footnote-back').remove(); var text = fn_p.html(); var dtfn = $('<d-footnote></d-footnote>'); dtfn.html(text); $(this).replaceWith(dtfn); }); // remove footnotes $('.footnotes').remove(); $('h1.appendix, h2.appendix').each(function(i, val) { $(this).changeElementType('h3'); }); $('h3.appendix').each(function(i, val) { var id = $(this).attr('id'); $('.d-toc a[href="#' + id + '"]').parent().remove(); appendix = true; $(this).nextUntil($('h1, h2, h3')).addBack().appendTo($('d-appendix')); }); // show d-appendix if we have appendix content $("d-appendix").css('display', appendix ? 'grid' : 'none'); // replace code blocks with d-code $('pre>code').each(function(i, val) { var code = $(this); var pre = code.parent(); var clz = ""; var language = pre.attr('class'); if (language) { // map unknown languages to "clike" (without this they just dissapear) if ($.inArray(language, ["bash", "clike", "css", "go", "html", "javascript", "js", "julia", "lua", "markdown", "markup", "mathml", "python", "svg", "xml"]) == -1) language = "clike"; language = ' language="' + language + '"'; var dt_code = $('<d-code block' + language + clz + '></d-code>'); dt_code.text(code.text()); pre.replaceWith(dt_code); } else { code.addClass('text-output').unwrap().changeElementType('pre'); } }); // localize layout chunks to just output $('.layout-chunk').each(function(i, val) { // capture layout var layout = $(this).attr('data-layout'); // apply layout to markdown level block elements var elements = $(this).children().not('d-code, pre.text-output, script'); elements.each(function(i, el) { var layout_div = $('<div class="' + layout + '"></div>'); if (layout_div.hasClass('shaded')) { var shaded_content = $('<div class="shaded-content"></div>'); $(this).wrap(shaded_content); $(this).parent().wrap(layout_div); } else { $(this).wrap(layout_div); } }); // unwrap the layout-chunk div $(this).children().unwrap(); }); // load distill framework load_distill_framework(); // wait for window.distillRunlevel == 4 to do post processing function distill_post_process() { if (!window.distillRunlevel || window.distillRunlevel < 4) return; // hide author/affiliations entirely if we have no authors var front_matter = JSON.parse($("#distill-front-matter").html()); var have_authors = front_matter.authors && front_matter.authors.length > 0; if (!have_authors) $('d-byline').addClass('hidden'); // table of contents if (have_authors) // adjust border if we are in authors $('.d-toc').parent().addClass('d-article-with-toc'); // strip links that point to # $('.authors-affiliations').find('a[href="#"]').removeAttr('href'); // hide elements of author/affiliations grid that have no value function hide_byline_column(caption) { $('d-byline').find('h3:contains("' + caption + '")').parent().css('visibility', 'hidden'); } // affiliations var have_affiliations = false; for (var i = 0; i<front_matter.authors.length; ++i) { var author = front_matter.authors[i]; if (author.affiliation !== " ") { have_affiliations = true; break; } } if (!have_affiliations) $('d-byline').find('h3:contains("Affiliations")').css('visibility', 'hidden'); // published date if (!front_matter.publishedDate) hide_byline_column("Published"); // document object identifier var doi = $('d-byline').find('h3:contains("DOI")'); var doi_p = doi.next().empty(); if (!front_matter.doi) { // if we have a citation and valid citationText then link to that if ($('#citation').length > 0 && front_matter.citationText) { doi.html('Citation'); $('<a href="#citation"></a>') .text(front_matter.citationText) .appendTo(doi_p); } else { hide_byline_column("DOI"); } } else { $('<a></a>') .attr('href', "https://doi.org/" + front_matter.doi) .html(front_matter.doi) .appendTo(doi_p); } // change plural form of authors/affiliations if (front_matter.authors.length === 1) { var grid = $('.authors-affiliations'); grid.children('h3:contains("Authors")').text('Author'); grid.children('h3:contains("Affiliations")').text('Affiliation'); } // inject pre code styles (can't do this with a global stylesheet b/c a shadow root is used) $('d-code').each(function(i, val) { var style = document.createElement('style'); style.innerHTML = 'pre code { padding-left: 10px; font-size: 12px; border-left: 2px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1); } ' + '@media(min-width: 768px) { pre code { padding-left: 18px; font-size: 14px; } }'; if (this.shadowRoot) this.shadowRoot.appendChild(style); }); // move appendix-bottom entries to the bottom $('.appendix-bottom').appendTo('d-appendix').children().unwrap(); $('.appendix-bottom').remove(); // clear polling timer clearInterval(tid); // show body now that everything is ready on_load_complete(); } var tid = setInterval(distill_post_process, 50); distill_post_process(); } function init_downlevel() { init_common(); // insert hr after d-title $('.d-title').after($('<hr class="section-separator"/>')); // check if we have authors var front_matter = JSON.parse($("#distill-front-matter").html()); var have_authors = front_matter.authors && front_matter.authors.length > 0; // manage byline/border if (!have_authors) $('.d-byline').remove(); $('.d-byline').after($('<hr class="section-separator"/>')); $('.d-byline a').remove(); // remove toc $('.d-toc-header').remove(); $('.d-toc').remove(); $('.d-toc-separator').remove(); // move appendix elements $('h1.appendix, h2.appendix').each(function(i, val) { $(this).changeElementType('h3'); }); $('h3.appendix').each(function(i, val) { $(this).nextUntil($('h1, h2, h3')).addBack().appendTo($('.d-appendix')); }); // inject headers into references and footnotes var refs_header = $('<h3></h3>'); refs_header.text('References'); $('#refs').prepend(refs_header); var footnotes_header = $('<h3></h3'); footnotes_header.text('Footnotes'); $('.footnotes').children('hr').first().replaceWith(footnotes_header); // move appendix-bottom entries to the bottom $('.appendix-bottom').appendTo('.d-appendix').children().unwrap(); $('.appendix-bottom').remove(); // remove appendix if it's empty if ($('.d-appendix').children().length === 0) $('.d-appendix').remove(); // prepend separator above appendix $('.d-appendix').before($('<hr class="section-separator" style="clear: both"/>')); // trim code $('pre>code').each(function(i, val) { $(this).html($.trim($(this).html())); }); // move posts-container right before article $('.posts-container').insertBefore($('.d-article')); $('body').addClass('downlevel'); on_load_complete(); } function init_common() { // jquery plugin to change element types (function($) { $.fn.changeElementType = function(newType) { var attrs = {}; $.each(this[0].attributes, function(idx, attr) { attrs[attr.nodeName] = attr.nodeValue; }); this.replaceWith(function() { return $("<" + newType + "/>", attrs).append($(this).contents()); }); }; })(jQuery); // prevent underline for linked images $('a > img').parent().css({'border-bottom' : 'none'}); // mark non-body figures created by knitr chunks as 100% width $('.layout-chunk').each(function(i, val) { var figures = $(this).find('img, .html-widget'); if ($(this).attr('data-layout') !== "l-body") { figures.css('width', '100%'); } else { figures.css('max-width', '100%'); figures.filter("[width]").each(function(i, val) { var fig = $(this); fig.css('width', fig.attr('width') + 'px'); }); } }); // auto-append index.html to post-preview links in file: protocol // and in rstudio ide preview $('.post-preview').each(function(i, val) { if (window.location.protocol === "file:") $(this).attr('href', $(this).attr('href') + "index.html"); }); // get rid of index.html references in header if (window.location.protocol !== "file:") { $('.distill-site-header a[href]').each(function(i,val) { $(this).attr('href', $(this).attr('href').replace("index.html", "./")); }); } // add class to pandoc style tables $('tr.header').parent('thead').parent('table').addClass('pandoc-table'); $('.kable-table').children('table').addClass('pandoc-table'); // add figcaption style to table captions $('caption').parent('table').addClass("figcaption"); // initialize posts list if (window.init_posts_list) window.init_posts_list(); // implmement disqus comment link $('.disqus-comment-count').click(function() { window.headroom_prevent_pin = true; $('#disqus_thread').toggleClass('hidden'); if (!$('#disqus_thread').hasClass('hidden')) { var offset = $(this).offset(); $(window).resize(); $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: offset.top - 35 }); } }); } document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { if (is_downlevel_browser()) init_downlevel(); else window.addEventListener('WebComponentsReady', init_distill); }); </script> <!--/radix_placeholder_distill--> <!--radix_placeholder_site_in_header--> <!--/radix_placeholder_site_in_header--> </head> <body> <!--radix_placeholder_front_matter--> <script id="distill-front-matter" type="text/json"> {"title":"Untitled","authors":[]} </script> <!--/radix_placeholder_front_matter--> <!--radix_placeholder_navigation_before_body--> <header class="header header--fixed" role="banner"> <nav class="distill-site-nav distill-site-header"> <div class="nav-left"> <a href="index.html" class="title">Storytelling with R</a> </div> <div class="nav-right"> <a href="index.html">Home</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="nav-toggle">☰</a> </div> </nav> </header> <!--/radix_placeholder_navigation_before_body--> <!--radix_placeholder_site_before_body--> <!--/radix_placeholder_site_before_body--> <div class="d-title"> <h1>README.utf8.md</h1> </div> <div class="d-article"> <h1 id="content-from-talk-at-northeastern-2019-03-28">Content from talk at Northeastern 2019-03-28</h1> <h2 id="upping-your-storytelling-with-r"><a href="https://inspiring-babbage-762512.netlify.com/storytelling">Upping your storytelling with R</a></h2> <figure> <img src="https://i.imgur.com/am4vqLp.png" alt="distill page with code" /><figcaption>distill page with code</figcaption> </figure> <h2 id="slides"><a href="https://github.com/batpigandme/northeastern-2019/blob/master/northeastern_R_digital_storytelling.pdf">Slides</a></h2> <figure> <img src="https://i.imgur.com/k3MMcwd.png" alt="slides" /><figcaption>slides</figcaption> </figure> <!--radix_placeholder_article_footer--> <!--/radix_placeholder_article_footer--> </div> <div class="d-appendix"> </div> <!--radix_placeholder_site_after_body--> <!--/radix_placeholder_site_after_body--> <!--radix_placeholder_appendices--> <div class="appendix-bottom"> <h3 id="reuse">Reuse</h3> <p>Text and figures are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a>. 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