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db_basic_bench.cc
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// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
// This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
// COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
// (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
#ifndef OS_WIN
#include <unistd.h>
#endif // ! OS_WIN
#include "benchmark/benchmark.h"
#include "db/db_impl/db_impl.h"
#include "rocksdb/db.h"
#include "rocksdb/filter_policy.h"
#include "rocksdb/options.h"
#include "table/block_based/block.h"
#include "table/block_based/block_builder.h"
#include "util/random.h"
#include "utilities/merge_operators.h"
namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
class KeyGenerator {
public:
// Generate next key
// buff: the caller needs to make sure there's enough space for generated key
// offset: to control the group of the key, 0 means normal key, 1 means
// non-existing key, 2 is reserved prefix_only: only return a prefix
Slice Next(char* buff, int8_t offset = 0, bool prefix_only = false) {
assert(max_key_ < std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max() /
MULTIPLIER); // TODO: add large key support
uint32_t k;
if (is_sequential_) {
assert(next_sequential_key_ < max_key_);
k = (next_sequential_key_ % max_key_) * MULTIPLIER + offset;
if (next_sequential_key_ + 1 == max_key_) {
next_sequential_key_ = 0;
} else {
next_sequential_key_++;
}
} else {
k = (rnd_->Next() % max_key_) * MULTIPLIER + offset;
}
// TODO: make sure the buff is large enough
memset(buff, 0, key_size_);
if (prefix_num_ > 0) {
uint32_t prefix = (k % prefix_num_) * MULTIPLIER + offset;
Encode(buff, prefix);
if (prefix_only) {
return {buff, prefix_size_};
}
}
Encode(buff + prefix_size_, k);
return {buff, key_size_};
}
// use internal buffer for generated key, make sure there's only one caller in
// single thread
Slice Next() { return Next(buff_); }
// user internal buffer for generated prefix
Slice NextPrefix() {
assert(prefix_num_ > 0);
return Next(buff_, 0, true);
}
// helper function to get non exist key
Slice NextNonExist() { return Next(buff_, 1); }
Slice MaxKey(char* buff) const {
memset(buff, 0xff, key_size_);
return {buff, key_size_};
}
Slice MinKey(char* buff) const {
memset(buff, 0, key_size_);
return {buff, key_size_};
}
// max_key: the max key that it could generate
// prefix_num: the max prefix number
// key_size: in bytes
explicit KeyGenerator(Random* rnd, uint64_t max_key = 100 * 1024 * 1024,
size_t prefix_num = 0, size_t key_size = 10) {
prefix_num_ = prefix_num;
key_size_ = key_size;
max_key_ = max_key;
rnd_ = rnd;
if (prefix_num > 0) {
prefix_size_ = 4; // TODO: support different prefix_size
}
}
// generate sequential keys
explicit KeyGenerator(uint64_t max_key = 100 * 1024 * 1024,
size_t key_size = 10) {
key_size_ = key_size;
max_key_ = max_key;
rnd_ = nullptr;
is_sequential_ = true;
}
private:
Random* rnd_;
size_t prefix_num_ = 0;
size_t prefix_size_ = 0;
size_t key_size_;
uint64_t max_key_;
bool is_sequential_ = false;
uint32_t next_sequential_key_ = 0;
char buff_[256] = {0};
const int MULTIPLIER = 3;
void static Encode(char* buf, uint32_t value) {
if (port::kLittleEndian) {
buf[0] = static_cast<char>((value >> 24) & 0xff);
buf[1] = static_cast<char>((value >> 16) & 0xff);
buf[2] = static_cast<char>((value >> 8) & 0xff);
buf[3] = static_cast<char>(value & 0xff);
} else {
memcpy(buf, &value, sizeof(value));
}
}
};
static void SetupDB(benchmark::State& state, Options& options,
std::unique_ptr<DB>* db,
const std::string& test_name = "") {
options.create_if_missing = true;
auto env = Env::Default();
std::string db_path;
Status s = env->GetTestDirectory(&db_path);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
std::string db_name =
db_path + kFilePathSeparator + test_name + std::to_string(getpid());
DestroyDB(db_name, options);
DB* db_ptr = nullptr;
s = DB::Open(options, db_name, &db_ptr);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
db->reset(db_ptr);
}
static void TeardownDB(benchmark::State& state, const std::unique_ptr<DB>& db,
const Options& options, KeyGenerator& kg) {
char min_buff[256], max_buff[256];
const Range r(kg.MinKey(min_buff), kg.MaxKey(max_buff));
uint64_t size;
Status s = db->GetApproximateSizes(&r, 1, &size);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
state.counters["db_size"] = static_cast<double>(size);
std::string db_name = db->GetName();
s = db->Close();
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
DestroyDB(db_name, options);
}
static void DBOpen(benchmark::State& state) {
// create DB
std::unique_ptr<DB> db;
Options options;
SetupDB(state, options, &db, "DBOpen");
std::string db_name = db->GetName();
db->Close();
options.create_if_missing = false;
auto rnd = Random(123);
for (auto _ : state) {
{
DB* db_ptr = nullptr;
Status s = DB::Open(options, db_name, &db_ptr);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
db.reset(db_ptr);
}
state.PauseTiming();
auto wo = WriteOptions();
Status s;
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
s = db->Put(wo, rnd.RandomString(10), rnd.RandomString(100));
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
s = db->Flush(FlushOptions());
}
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
s = db->Close();
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
state.ResumeTiming();
}
DestroyDB(db_name, options);
}
BENCHMARK(DBOpen)->Iterations(200); // specify iteration number as the db size
// is impacted by iteration number
static void DBClose(benchmark::State& state) {
// create DB
std::unique_ptr<DB> db;
Options options;
SetupDB(state, options, &db, "DBClose");
std::string db_name = db->GetName();
db->Close();
options.create_if_missing = false;
auto rnd = Random(12345);
for (auto _ : state) {
state.PauseTiming();
{
DB* db_ptr = nullptr;
Status s = DB::Open(options, db_name, &db_ptr);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
db.reset(db_ptr);
}
auto wo = WriteOptions();
Status s;
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
s = db->Put(wo, rnd.RandomString(10), rnd.RandomString(100));
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
s = db->Flush(FlushOptions());
}
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
state.ResumeTiming();
s = db->Close();
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
DestroyDB(db_name, options);
}
BENCHMARK(DBClose)->Iterations(200); // specify iteration number as the db size
// is impacted by iteration number
static void DBPut(benchmark::State& state) {
auto compaction_style = static_cast<CompactionStyle>(state.range(0));
uint64_t max_data = state.range(1);
uint64_t per_key_size = state.range(2);
bool enable_statistics = state.range(3);
bool enable_wal = state.range(4);
uint64_t key_num = max_data / per_key_size;
// setup DB
static std::unique_ptr<DB> db = nullptr;
Options options;
if (enable_statistics) {
options.statistics = CreateDBStatistics();
}
options.compaction_style = compaction_style;
auto rnd = Random(301 + state.thread_index());
KeyGenerator kg(&rnd, key_num);
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
SetupDB(state, options, &db, "DBPut");
}
auto wo = WriteOptions();
wo.disableWAL = !enable_wal;
for (auto _ : state) {
state.PauseTiming();
Slice key = kg.Next();
std::string val = rnd.RandomString(static_cast<int>(per_key_size));
state.ResumeTiming();
Status s = db->Put(wo, key, val);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
auto db_full = static_cast_with_check<DBImpl>(db.get());
Status s = db_full->WaitForCompact(true);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
if (enable_statistics) {
HistogramData histogram_data;
options.statistics->histogramData(DB_WRITE, &histogram_data);
state.counters["put_mean"] = histogram_data.average * std::milli::den;
state.counters["put_p95"] = histogram_data.percentile95 * std::milli::den;
state.counters["put_p99"] = histogram_data.percentile99 * std::milli::den;
}
TeardownDB(state, db, options, kg);
}
}
static void DBPutArguments(benchmark::internal::Benchmark* b) {
for (int comp_style : {kCompactionStyleLevel, kCompactionStyleUniversal,
kCompactionStyleFIFO}) {
for (int64_t max_data : {100l << 30}) {
for (int64_t per_key_size : {256, 1024}) {
for (bool enable_statistics : {false, true}) {
for (bool wal : {false, true}) {
b->Args(
{comp_style, max_data, per_key_size, enable_statistics, wal});
}
}
}
}
}
b->ArgNames(
{"comp_style", "max_data", "per_key_size", "enable_statistics", "wal"});
}
static const uint64_t DBPutNum = 409600l;
BENCHMARK(DBPut)->Threads(1)->Iterations(DBPutNum)->Apply(DBPutArguments);
BENCHMARK(DBPut)->Threads(8)->Iterations(DBPutNum / 8)->Apply(DBPutArguments);
static void ManualCompaction(benchmark::State& state) {
auto compaction_style = static_cast<CompactionStyle>(state.range(0));
uint64_t max_data = state.range(1);
uint64_t per_key_size = state.range(2);
bool enable_statistics = state.range(3);
uint64_t key_num = max_data / per_key_size;
// setup DB
static std::unique_ptr<DB> db;
Options options;
if (enable_statistics) {
options.statistics = CreateDBStatistics();
}
options.compaction_style = compaction_style;
// No auto compaction
options.disable_auto_compactions = true;
options.level0_file_num_compaction_trigger = (1 << 30);
options.level0_slowdown_writes_trigger = (1 << 30);
options.level0_stop_writes_trigger = (1 << 30);
options.soft_pending_compaction_bytes_limit = 0;
options.hard_pending_compaction_bytes_limit = 0;
auto rnd = Random(301 + state.thread_index());
KeyGenerator kg(&rnd, key_num);
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
SetupDB(state, options, &db, "ManualCompaction");
}
auto wo = WriteOptions();
wo.disableWAL = true;
uint64_t flush_mod = key_num / 4; // at least generate 4 files for compaction
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < key_num; i++) {
Status s = db->Put(wo, kg.Next(),
rnd.RandomString(static_cast<int>(per_key_size)));
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
if (i + 1 % flush_mod == 0) {
s = db->Flush(FlushOptions());
}
}
FlushOptions fo;
Status s = db->Flush(fo);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
std::vector<LiveFileMetaData> files_meta;
db->GetLiveFilesMetaData(&files_meta);
std::vector<std::string> files_before_compact;
files_before_compact.reserve(files_meta.size());
for (const LiveFileMetaData& file : files_meta) {
files_before_compact.emplace_back(file.name);
}
SetPerfLevel(kEnableTime);
get_perf_context()->EnablePerLevelPerfContext();
get_perf_context()->Reset();
CompactionOptions co;
for (auto _ : state) {
s = db->CompactFiles(co, files_before_compact, 1);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
auto db_full = static_cast_with_check<DBImpl>(db.get());
s = db_full->WaitForCompact(true);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
if (enable_statistics) {
HistogramData histogram_data;
options.statistics->histogramData(COMPACTION_TIME, &histogram_data);
state.counters["comp_time"] = histogram_data.average;
options.statistics->histogramData(COMPACTION_CPU_TIME, &histogram_data);
state.counters["comp_cpu_time"] = histogram_data.average;
options.statistics->histogramData(COMPACTION_OUTFILE_SYNC_MICROS,
&histogram_data);
state.counters["comp_outfile_sync"] = histogram_data.average;
state.counters["comp_read"] = static_cast<double>(
options.statistics->getTickerCount(COMPACT_READ_BYTES));
state.counters["comp_write"] = static_cast<double>(
options.statistics->getTickerCount(COMPACT_WRITE_BYTES));
state.counters["user_key_comparison_count"] =
static_cast<double>(get_perf_context()->user_key_comparison_count);
state.counters["block_read_count"] =
static_cast<double>(get_perf_context()->block_read_count);
state.counters["block_read_time"] =
static_cast<double>(get_perf_context()->block_read_time);
state.counters["block_checksum_time"] =
static_cast<double>(get_perf_context()->block_checksum_time);
state.counters["new_table_block_iter_nanos"] =
static_cast<double>(get_perf_context()->new_table_block_iter_nanos);
state.counters["new_table_iterator_nanos"] =
static_cast<double>(get_perf_context()->new_table_iterator_nanos);
state.counters["find_table_nanos"] =
static_cast<double>(get_perf_context()->find_table_nanos);
}
TeardownDB(state, db, options, kg);
}
}
static void ManualCompactionArguments(benchmark::internal::Benchmark* b) {
for (int comp_style : {kCompactionStyleLevel, kCompactionStyleUniversal}) {
for (int64_t max_data : {32l << 20, 128l << 20}) {
for (int64_t per_key_size : {256, 1024}) {
for (bool enable_statistics : {false, true}) {
b->Args({comp_style, max_data, per_key_size, enable_statistics});
}
}
}
}
b->ArgNames({"comp_style", "max_data", "per_key_size", "enable_statistics"});
}
BENCHMARK(ManualCompaction)->Iterations(1)->Apply(ManualCompactionArguments);
static void ManualFlush(benchmark::State& state) {
uint64_t key_num = state.range(0);
uint64_t per_key_size = state.range(1);
bool enable_statistics = true;
// setup DB
static std::unique_ptr<DB> db;
Options options;
if (enable_statistics) {
options.statistics = CreateDBStatistics();
}
options.disable_auto_compactions = true;
options.level0_file_num_compaction_trigger = (1 << 30);
options.level0_slowdown_writes_trigger = (1 << 30);
options.level0_stop_writes_trigger = (1 << 30);
options.soft_pending_compaction_bytes_limit = 0;
options.hard_pending_compaction_bytes_limit = 0;
options.write_buffer_size = 2l << 30; // 2G to avoid auto flush
auto rnd = Random(301 + state.thread_index());
KeyGenerator kg(&rnd, key_num);
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
SetupDB(state, options, &db, "ManualFlush");
}
auto wo = WriteOptions();
for (auto _ : state) {
state.PauseTiming();
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < key_num; i++) {
Status s = db->Put(wo, kg.Next(),
rnd.RandomString(static_cast<int>(per_key_size)));
}
FlushOptions fo;
state.ResumeTiming();
Status s = db->Flush(fo);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
auto db_full = static_cast_with_check<DBImpl>(db.get());
Status s = db_full->WaitForCompact(true);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
if (enable_statistics) {
HistogramData histogram_data;
options.statistics->histogramData(FLUSH_TIME, &histogram_data);
state.counters["flush_time"] = histogram_data.average;
state.counters["flush_write_bytes"] = static_cast<double>(
options.statistics->getTickerCount(FLUSH_WRITE_BYTES));
}
TeardownDB(state, db, options, kg);
}
}
static void ManualFlushArguments(benchmark::internal::Benchmark* b) {
for (int64_t key_num : {1l << 10, 8l << 10, 64l << 10}) {
for (int64_t per_key_size : {256, 1024}) {
b->Args({key_num, per_key_size});
}
}
b->ArgNames({"key_num", "per_key_size"});
}
BENCHMARK(ManualFlush)->Iterations(1)->Apply(ManualFlushArguments);
static void DBGet(benchmark::State& state) {
auto compaction_style = static_cast<CompactionStyle>(state.range(0));
uint64_t max_data = state.range(1);
uint64_t per_key_size = state.range(2);
bool enable_statistics = state.range(3);
bool negative_query = state.range(4);
bool enable_filter = state.range(5);
bool mmap = state.range(6);
uint64_t key_num = max_data / per_key_size;
// setup DB
static std::unique_ptr<DB> db;
Options options;
if (enable_statistics) {
options.statistics = CreateDBStatistics();
}
if (mmap) {
options.allow_mmap_reads = true;
options.compression = kNoCompression;
}
options.compaction_style = compaction_style;
BlockBasedTableOptions table_options;
if (enable_filter) {
table_options.filter_policy.reset(NewBloomFilterPolicy(10, false));
}
if (mmap) {
table_options.no_block_cache = true;
table_options.block_restart_interval = 1;
}
options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
auto rnd = Random(301 + state.thread_index());
KeyGenerator kg(&rnd, key_num);
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
SetupDB(state, options, &db, "DBGet");
// load db
auto wo = WriteOptions();
wo.disableWAL = true;
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < key_num; i++) {
Status s = db->Put(wo, kg.Next(),
rnd.RandomString(static_cast<int>(per_key_size)));
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
FlushOptions fo;
Status s = db->Flush(fo);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
auto db_full = static_cast_with_check<DBImpl>(db.get());
s = db_full->WaitForCompact(true);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
}
auto ro = ReadOptions();
if (mmap) {
ro.verify_checksums = false;
}
size_t not_found = 0;
if (negative_query) {
for (auto _ : state) {
std::string val;
Status s = db->Get(ro, kg.NextNonExist(), &val);
if (s.IsNotFound()) {
not_found++;
}
}
} else {
for (auto _ : state) {
std::string val;
Status s = db->Get(ro, kg.Next(), &val);
if (s.IsNotFound()) {
not_found++;
}
}
}
state.counters["neg_qu_pct"] = benchmark::Counter(
static_cast<double>(not_found * 100), benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
if (enable_statistics) {
HistogramData histogram_data;
options.statistics->histogramData(DB_GET, &histogram_data);
state.counters["get_mean"] = histogram_data.average * std::milli::den;
state.counters["get_p95"] = histogram_data.percentile95 * std::milli::den;
state.counters["get_p99"] = histogram_data.percentile99 * std::milli::den;
}
TeardownDB(state, db, options, kg);
}
}
static void DBGetArguments(benchmark::internal::Benchmark* b) {
for (int comp_style : {kCompactionStyleLevel, kCompactionStyleUniversal,
kCompactionStyleFIFO}) {
for (int64_t max_data : {128l << 20, 512l << 20}) {
for (int64_t per_key_size : {256, 1024}) {
for (bool enable_statistics : {false, true}) {
for (bool negative_query : {false, true}) {
for (bool enable_filter : {false, true}) {
for (bool mmap : {false, true}) {
b->Args({comp_style, max_data, per_key_size, enable_statistics,
negative_query, enable_filter, mmap});
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
b->ArgNames({"comp_style", "max_data", "per_key_size", "enable_statistics",
"negative_query", "enable_filter", "mmap"});
}
static constexpr uint64_t kDBGetNum = 1l << 20;
BENCHMARK(DBGet)->Threads(1)->Iterations(kDBGetNum)->Apply(DBGetArguments);
BENCHMARK(DBGet)->Threads(8)->Iterations(kDBGetNum / 8)->Apply(DBGetArguments);
static void SimpleGetWithPerfContext(benchmark::State& state) {
// setup DB
static std::unique_ptr<DB> db;
std::string db_name;
Options options;
options.create_if_missing = true;
options.arena_block_size = 8 << 20;
auto rnd = Random(301 + state.thread_index());
KeyGenerator kg(&rnd, 1024);
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
auto env = Env::Default();
std::string db_path;
Status s = env->GetTestDirectory(&db_path);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
db_name = db_path + "/simple_get_" + std::to_string(getpid());
DestroyDB(db_name, options);
{
DB* db_ptr = nullptr;
s = DB::Open(options, db_name, &db_ptr);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
db.reset(db_ptr);
}
// load db
auto wo = WriteOptions();
wo.disableWAL = true;
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
s = db->Put(wo, kg.Next(), rnd.RandomString(1024));
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
auto db_full = static_cast_with_check<DBImpl>(db.get());
s = db_full->WaitForCompact(true);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
return;
}
FlushOptions fo;
s = db->Flush(fo);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
auto ro = ReadOptions();
size_t not_found = 0;
uint64_t user_key_comparison_count = 0;
uint64_t block_read_time = 0;
uint64_t block_checksum_time = 0;
uint64_t get_snapshot_time = 0;
uint64_t get_post_process_time = 0;
uint64_t get_from_output_files_time = 0;
uint64_t new_table_block_iter_nanos = 0;
uint64_t block_seek_nanos = 0;
uint64_t get_cpu_nanos = 0;
uint64_t get_from_table_nanos = 0;
SetPerfLevel(kEnableTime);
get_perf_context()->EnablePerLevelPerfContext();
for (auto _ : state) {
std::string val;
get_perf_context()->Reset();
Status s = db->Get(ro, kg.NextNonExist(), &val);
if (s.IsNotFound()) {
not_found++;
}
user_key_comparison_count += get_perf_context()->user_key_comparison_count;
block_read_time += get_perf_context()->block_read_time;
block_checksum_time += get_perf_context()->block_checksum_time;
get_snapshot_time += get_perf_context()->get_snapshot_time;
get_post_process_time += get_perf_context()->get_post_process_time;
get_from_output_files_time +=
get_perf_context()->get_from_output_files_time;
new_table_block_iter_nanos +=
get_perf_context()->new_table_block_iter_nanos;
block_seek_nanos += get_perf_context()->block_seek_nanos;
get_cpu_nanos += get_perf_context()->get_cpu_nanos;
get_from_table_nanos +=
(*(get_perf_context()->level_to_perf_context))[0].get_from_table_nanos;
}
state.counters["neg_qu_pct"] = benchmark::Counter(
static_cast<double>(not_found * 100), benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["user_key_comparison_count"] =
benchmark::Counter(static_cast<double>(user_key_comparison_count),
benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["block_read_time"] = benchmark::Counter(
static_cast<double>(block_read_time), benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["block_checksum_time"] =
benchmark::Counter(static_cast<double>(block_checksum_time),
benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["get_snapshot_time"] =
benchmark::Counter(static_cast<double>(get_snapshot_time),
benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["get_post_process_time"] =
benchmark::Counter(static_cast<double>(get_post_process_time),
benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["get_from_output_files_time"] =
benchmark::Counter(static_cast<double>(get_from_output_files_time),
benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["new_table_block_iter_nanos"] =
benchmark::Counter(static_cast<double>(new_table_block_iter_nanos),
benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["block_seek_nanos"] =
benchmark::Counter(static_cast<double>(block_seek_nanos),
benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["get_cpu_nanos"] = benchmark::Counter(
static_cast<double>(get_cpu_nanos), benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
state.counters["get_from_table_nanos"] =
benchmark::Counter(static_cast<double>(get_from_table_nanos),
benchmark::Counter::kAvgIterations);
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
TeardownDB(state, db, options, kg);
}
}
BENCHMARK(SimpleGetWithPerfContext)->Iterations(1000000);
static void DBGetMergeOperandsInMemtable(benchmark::State& state) {
const uint64_t kDataLen = 16 << 20; // 16MB
const uint64_t kValueLen = 64;
const uint64_t kNumEntries = kDataLen / kValueLen;
const uint64_t kNumEntriesPerKey = state.range(0);
const uint64_t kNumKeys = kNumEntries / kNumEntriesPerKey;
// setup DB
static std::unique_ptr<DB> db;
Options options;
options.merge_operator = MergeOperators::CreateStringAppendOperator();
// Make memtable large enough that automatic flush will not be triggered.
options.write_buffer_size = 2 * kDataLen;
KeyGenerator sequential_key_gen(kNumKeys);
auto rnd = Random(301 + state.thread_index());
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
SetupDB(state, options, &db, "DBGetMergeOperandsInMemtable");
// load db
auto write_opts = WriteOptions();
write_opts.disableWAL = true;
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < kNumEntries; i++) {
Status s = db->Merge(write_opts, sequential_key_gen.Next(),
rnd.RandomString(static_cast<int>(kValueLen)));
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
}
KeyGenerator random_key_gen(kNumKeys);
std::vector<PinnableSlice> value_operands;
value_operands.resize(kNumEntriesPerKey);
GetMergeOperandsOptions get_merge_ops_opts;
get_merge_ops_opts.expected_max_number_of_operands =
static_cast<int>(kNumEntriesPerKey);
for (auto _ : state) {
int num_value_operands = 0;
Status s = db->GetMergeOperands(
ReadOptions(), db->DefaultColumnFamily(), random_key_gen.Next(),
value_operands.data(), &get_merge_ops_opts, &num_value_operands);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
if (num_value_operands != static_cast<int>(kNumEntriesPerKey)) {
state.SkipWithError("Unexpected number of merge operands found for key");
}
}
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
TeardownDB(state, db, options, random_key_gen);
}
}
static void DBGetMergeOperandsInSstFile(benchmark::State& state) {
const uint64_t kDataLen = 16 << 20; // 16MB
const uint64_t kValueLen = 64;
const uint64_t kNumEntries = kDataLen / kValueLen;
const uint64_t kNumEntriesPerKey = state.range(0);
const uint64_t kNumKeys = kNumEntries / kNumEntriesPerKey;
const bool kMmap = state.range(1);
// setup DB
static std::unique_ptr<DB> db;
BlockBasedTableOptions table_options;
if (kMmap) {
table_options.no_block_cache = true;
} else {
// Make block cache large enough that eviction will not be triggered.
table_options.block_cache = NewLRUCache(2 * kDataLen);
}
Options options;
if (kMmap) {
options.allow_mmap_reads = true;
}
options.compression = kNoCompression;
options.merge_operator = MergeOperators::CreateStringAppendOperator();
options.table_factory.reset(NewBlockBasedTableFactory(table_options));
// Make memtable large enough that automatic flush will not be triggered.
options.write_buffer_size = 2 * kDataLen;
KeyGenerator sequential_key_gen(kNumKeys);
auto rnd = Random(301 + state.thread_index());
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
SetupDB(state, options, &db, "DBGetMergeOperandsInBlockCache");
// load db
//
// Take a snapshot after each cycle of merges to ensure flush cannot
// merge any entries.
std::vector<const Snapshot*> snapshots;
snapshots.resize(kNumEntriesPerKey);
auto write_opts = WriteOptions();
write_opts.disableWAL = true;
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < kNumEntriesPerKey; i++) {
for (uint64_t j = 0; j < kNumKeys; j++) {
Status s = db->Merge(write_opts, sequential_key_gen.Next(),
rnd.RandomString(static_cast<int>(kValueLen)));
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
snapshots[i] = db->GetSnapshot();
}
// Flush to an L0 file; read back to prime the cache/mapped memory.
db->Flush(FlushOptions());
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < kNumKeys; ++i) {
std::string value;
Status s = db->Get(ReadOptions(), sequential_key_gen.Next(), &value);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
}
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < kNumEntriesPerKey; ++i) {
db->ReleaseSnapshot(snapshots[i]);
}
}
}
KeyGenerator random_key_gen(kNumKeys);
std::vector<PinnableSlice> value_operands;
value_operands.resize(kNumEntriesPerKey);
GetMergeOperandsOptions get_merge_ops_opts;
get_merge_ops_opts.expected_max_number_of_operands =
static_cast<int>(kNumEntriesPerKey);
for (auto _ : state) {
int num_value_operands = 0;
ReadOptions read_opts;
read_opts.verify_checksums = false;
Status s = db->GetMergeOperands(
read_opts, db->DefaultColumnFamily(), random_key_gen.Next(),
value_operands.data(), &get_merge_ops_opts, &num_value_operands);
if (!s.ok()) {
state.SkipWithError(s.ToString().c_str());
}
if (num_value_operands != static_cast<int>(kNumEntriesPerKey)) {
state.SkipWithError("Unexpected number of merge operands found for key");
}
}
if (state.thread_index() == 0) {
TeardownDB(state, db, options, random_key_gen);
}
}
static void DBGetMergeOperandsInMemtableArguments(
benchmark::internal::Benchmark* b) {
for (int entries_per_key : {1, 32, 1024}) {
b->Args({entries_per_key});
}
b->ArgNames({"entries_per_key"});
}
static void DBGetMergeOperandsInSstFileArguments(
benchmark::internal::Benchmark* b) {
for (int entries_per_key : {1, 32, 1024}) {
for (bool mmap : {false, true}) {
b->Args({entries_per_key, mmap});
}
}
b->ArgNames({"entries_per_key", "mmap"});
}
BENCHMARK(DBGetMergeOperandsInMemtable)
->Threads(1)
->Apply(DBGetMergeOperandsInMemtableArguments);
BENCHMARK(DBGetMergeOperandsInMemtable)
->Threads(8)
->Apply(DBGetMergeOperandsInMemtableArguments);
BENCHMARK(DBGetMergeOperandsInSstFile)
->Threads(1)
->Apply(DBGetMergeOperandsInSstFileArguments);
BENCHMARK(DBGetMergeOperandsInSstFile)
->Threads(8)
->Apply(DBGetMergeOperandsInSstFileArguments);
std::string GenerateKey(int primary_key, int secondary_key, int padding_size,
Random* rnd) {
char buf[50];
char* p = &buf[0];
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%6d%4d", primary_key, secondary_key);
std::string k(p);
if (padding_size) {
k += rnd->RandomString(padding_size);
}
return k;
}
void GenerateRandomKVs(std::vector<std::string>* keys,
std::vector<std::string>* values, const int from,
const int len, const int step = 1,
const int padding_size = 0,
const int keys_share_prefix = 1) {
Random rnd(302);
// generate different prefix
for (int i = from; i < from + len; i += step) {