Need to type coercion for arithmetic op when the left and right type are same

[liukun4515]

Describe the bug

#3254 (comment)

bug code: https://github.com/apache/arrow-datafusion/blob/master/datafusion/expr/src/binary_rule.rs#L293

To Reproduce
Steps to reproduce the behavior:

Expected behavior
A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.

Additional context
Add any other context about the problem here.

[liukun4515]

current plan for datafusion

❯ explain select cast(1 as decimal(10,1)) + cast(2 as decimal(10,1));
+---------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| plan_type     | plan                                                         |
+---------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| logical_plan  | Projection: Decimal128(Some(30),10,1) AS Int64(1) + Int64(2) |
|               |   EmptyRelation                                              |
| physical_plan | ProjectionExec: expr=[Some(30),10,1 as Int64(1) + Int64(2)]  |
|               |   EmptyExec: produce_one_row=true                            |
|               |                                                              |
+---------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

spark plan:

spark-sql> explain extended select cast(1 as decimal(10,1)) + cast(2 as decimal(10,1));
== Parsed Logical Plan ==
'Project [unresolvedalias((cast(1 as decimal(10,1)) + cast(2 as decimal(10,1))), None)]
+- OneRowRelation

== Analyzed Logical Plan ==
(CAST(1 AS DECIMAL(10,1)) + CAST(2 AS DECIMAL(10,1))): decimal(11,1)
Project [CheckOverflow((promote_precision(cast(cast(1 as decimal(10,1)) as decimal(11,1))) + promote_precision(cast(cast(2 as decimal(10,1)) as decimal(11,1)))), DecimalType(11,1), true) AS (CAST(1 AS DECIMAL(10,1)) + CAST(2 AS DECIMAL(10,1)))#166]
+- OneRowRelation

== Optimized Logical Plan ==
Project [3.0 AS (CAST(1 AS DECIMAL(10,1)) + CAST(2 AS DECIMAL(10,1)))#166]
+- OneRowRelation

== Physical Plan ==
*(1) Project [3.0 AS (CAST(1 AS DECIMAL(10,1)) + CAST(2 AS DECIMAL(10,1)))#166]
+- *(1) Scan OneRowRelation[]

Time taken: 0.017 seconds, Fetched 1 row(s)

[liukun4515]

We follow the spark rule in the decimal type coercion https://github.com/apache/arrow-datafusion/blob/c359018baa8bbb0a227e83df948c903cde4d701f/datafusion/expr/src/binary_rule.rs#L353

[liukun4515]

cc @alamb @andygrove

I will fix it later.

[liukun4515]

Can we fix this and #3388 together?

[alamb]

There is more context about this issue here: #3254 (comment)

[liukun4515]

When I try to fix this bug with remove below code

    // same type => all good
    if lhs_type == rhs_type {
        return Some(lhs_type.clone());
    }

When move the type coercion to the logical phase, the result data type of the expr can be determined in the logical phase.

In the physical phase, we must not use the type coercion to coerce the data type.