From f688db2a777c0038a969f44c573511c23654ba33 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Y.D.X" <73375426+YDX-2147483647@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Jan 2023 15:19:29 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E7=89=A9=E7=90=861?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

(#5)
---
 docs/assets/boat.png                | Bin 0 -> 8716 bytes
 docs/assets/psuedo-carnot-cycle.png | Bin 0 -> 8142 bytes
 docs/physics-1.md                   | 384 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 384 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 docs/assets/boat.png
 create mode 100644 docs/assets/psuedo-carnot-cycle.png
 create mode 100644 docs/physics-1.md

diff --git a/docs/assets/boat.png b/docs/assets/boat.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8f24a0f306639dde04d48b5a06295b7e16a5959f
GIT binary patch
literal 8716
zcmd6N1y__^)HXgSAkwIG2udm`%>a_pNGTms4morq4bm+FgS0SoHxCU`A`CdBFe){4
z2}8Vx=UwYt-%ogl#V~8;=A0eZb?v>++|gPZO2mY;gg7`j#L6$_wQ+E6<$>3S1pk2N
z&seEN@CVOQRY@M_`sU|zM@b5J=dR0312-HTlD?bYTWQ=RbT~N7ILh)bbiK2;7yaJc
zx9w!#Gh62U_HC%*1;G>L!r0K~$!gP?vEGue>g<K9hpmvKsP*wlep^XF=(tn_DgaL`
zi=h|gJxt>@XbdmFz=hb@#mtjY%rvay{fW_iY)}rqq@H{AGICR6MQ!g|PZL-|esEE@
zB3jR}XY700TD+3OB6_>KubnwVx|wg`45eyg?&9EtkqeOE{34>k$8n8_#l;bm8@Tm8
z`w<#PW;_vw!)!Ywijyd4MUOK?^MCC!{<yWX@87j+Y{?a&HS9Pz`86m9I$?(|m6Z?u
zSS-S}MBh{E85v<0+$M5FVIdaOHER@#AI$kUPUvx%zhgYHtNk%qSy{)v5OU<qjJ}>8
z<YKSasLAPpA5@TN7KT&vrMC89P5QdUv}(D<%~nxyfV-;wppQ~>i1#PK77T}f$f;>|
zdiuGD2$Ps=VQJ~cXr|!97zK=S_`MyyTb3jfhs4ChPo6wE{4<9Am7-}y?-J&x_x{b>
zI+Tj)b$+?STkT{{5fL2%(Rj3qs%pkFqx7Vtm3{9%I9jd8gI<ORcr)J!Y4oaEgchB6
zmQ@Nr7lIgSRhO5Qm9@7oI0#cwQN=(8X+X}R9%z)*RlAI53To8(_`9rWKqfL6MfWsi
zgY^PkstC!rNf>+!3azXx|0SRNGX_s#PiSar+FfXI+n#FxHnNQI7`rgwlW`N?b0cMR
zpp<Gf92`_trL-OM6_Aj~vPLB*Q)HTa%k#R;tpCHoQJ?$w9}04lc2Ox)t#6vC9d2tH
zNq-)g4vD`1_%DopgpI64>dN~d<4t-z<E2`xvcf+CB+P80IU02a%JL%8*-+t>DHPoq
zrve_71cyJ^+8~~e<m^d2Yx=X;J%1KF8hkR!Q5(Ue?;Aw>z-<$a@r9@f4p{)jn$^5W
z!kCzie{X#{VwO{nD=sXQFH{a^0L$yQ|6Mh0lBg_=-rO3*w}%cv16~do4dqFbFh@B2
z*z5aV)MeBa`10@cM&Tf%s<d}C+}Z%f{!j|o{G-;Qmr`SGm>s_E4E>IrWv7>XW1I7X
z?5PC!kh=F!NO*p-;JWGaPd|`Kflk#2%xE0T&@n|}x@U&+F;ppoa`rRdx<f4|I4QK;
zaH4Jr(>cy7vTJ_dME-Ku;3@w~3wOgwlz8;B3^D9bEEj3li^q~*q}mVH5Bn)jA~Qov
zJAgaBQ7C=w<6u1F5fNR@h|g@+(4cD|_Rxiq^qHyJvuDpG)ocWhkE0<i1l=86@70hq
z-w{>cBbky-H5p0M(v!!8Pl^;`<Z}$<S4<zs#D~52J5;9-Zuj32E2}8Fb8n#Ye6N>9
z<5>?#F|!0CDT9QfbEk3wMEK;L9Iioy?wglp{x9U~p=r&Ov5(6KZw+P0@}Jxq0ULa;
zweCCQZ=hCcj>k=`i+;@~Ot&vdp5)&|efKWFf346jPyJoqwgo6FOIaxmok@#!AEyGN
z0EtY5qCXrRd3u=<BvNwnO_izZjF3DD=?k@1h~(rgeu%zd&%vR=V$$ZNbv%h_0kX=t
z>+RWG#aP9kc#^U&pYvIKkM(NSs0@JioY^^+2l<@}ul#Y}NXdHb%%%CVkzPv8??fw5
zDpSpU^S<M<#@0+UWRgI3;MP$0Z+)ZVtJ=d7X!MYwv39F<Mz}?Q)Lcu-<|c<&rfFcN
zfZ#@H$<S6&Z=_s%j%p=<)#TXk>esux6317MSiX*#>9$(WF63LTsL~04L)E3`YVvle
z4G+u9dw3khm}vzD#$piiVN2xi*Mawph%(7Q@8zh8l<Z;2j)1BL?{?n8PWU*y=!xq3
z?+j%G1D$bA$mUjQWjqN}e42#56}`+6&Aw0I^>{F;X%)4r1ZDEGqKTb1olaYYZ%zH;
zqU=V}_uo@G%-w8vwss@Eh0)ei$gHm!Kn0#>vNPzIX;xI|8mqZE`#P6>Bk(_LHU?6i
zuQ*iuZiqEJrdd5p_A*hQ1?crlm7&^=3X;w-1^R##*xA|2r?P2)-N)O))>B5M2-enq
z1$y!vi0bh0TkDxO?_+TjzszT-JELEB<u};Nne~a$|8miS?dJqVEjq1<I(=szgn71I
zo|h2ymYa12a_LZzpM%wGwNdVRUuriVYm`iR24pQe?@3PFdlKPHM4U-S%Sd!vYRYbj
zj*iyDSMdlaO-ko%GSq4<$m=`vNbN>2Zt5!@e?tQU)a+~tRpUx3mlgf{`X8J2OG|Z*
zt5e0YsQU79j4uUpc2@J8rw%1~(u#dVM>Dvj)XS%)p)vl0Jm-O|ut9}>osTR-qeo_7
zH+ziJ(q;Rr7Ycbj7CnF4eGbbI2!oS!?ojRbetI~i07_L$W}f>FxZzw`jAE`<vy~<f
zW5S~}vPEI@MB?Po_K**r5!52&4;FuKF}z9tElL8aqL=wv3jk{4Ic=*t>N#IEhtspS
zEG+qoEG)JiJr0D&XxayPinf8->e_DE(`LlMvAAR@BNo>`8$P7$GJcjwS5MoQhfr26
zG8(lvx3<n%)~NmN6re|oJyg)~^IJ!$-~q<a%Q>y>i<~k@=!z}YmVPcSF3!u#tF3k2
zUFulL`n6p{)NwrgYYs8}`40|r2%r{HU$2$^gfm?|`emNhZOy6Ut<s(z*{reR*{%7x
zxu>rM<y+$GW;qFS8{9oTmtY4hfE@DE6<>?Jo~Og)<#ly5i-JT>_Gdimz5KlYh~H5T
z%Com`TGslKM!kUeM}BB~q*&)*tUq<FC+R@lp4+tG;J~%RR8xUBmWdM8AjZ~|xOP_4
z_&^yf8@8DGwRoz=W{kEq$g$tP-fe9>Gjny3VonK=iyumBJ+<D)H(IE~S$L!E50`5l
zXy?X=?H?KaU_mk|$@_?lqb_vUdkb&T;PV}_rK`(1efK+cdc%sfd8bx*B?{H8Mo9U1
z%r{DC8c704&U{|u&<ef0$DO;#-(UMKm0||n2k+ko$hH~itKCQ*oXv1T32g)D`$#eZ
zlYeEFGKuPhRg#xXaiUJht?2)45~^_!4;n7}{;aKbZQLbi(y7Tvds<$kBFW_Xd5FDB
z%7DSZD9ku2NA<=gms4O<-I`%;V4ySgNb%-<F4u%0uCVd35i4@DthYZJBqvzWI9Ar$
zsCxI2%1HfkazE`=4h{}GDAce{F~3VnfW&;RGDAI%&21yyMA{o#r^vn0;nMrT;$wkQ
z!Usr<5s0B$=tpavpoH64bW{|v_U|*Xyo6L7U}~zd<h)j0S9wtlyhlqohr)w!^8NHV
z`U}U<!q%_rn|L<RGhEF3HHJ4h&>}}|>P)Me=C^yKFxsK9xXn*8dQFY=d@lB+KFFY+
zf4Zw#!2+aWAZkL#Z@nmC+249-J5?4nz2W|eI6z(-lfcSi-#BSgr(73s8{`5t>_zIo
zXBe&}9N>#J<xEx2(I^q?*o&ZYQZAN`k8*w3IXxZ}FoKF91Q(C%o9T3PjgGtVAJlKC
zSr{~K=3c$R7=(f5ggIFjY_9A>C1yq6*ZPGsiv(4O0*NnAXx5L8h?Xz8Lw4(xzOayC
z^yZTv;C){f)d70=8cjsYR2BKVA<-xWZSJhE@2ivO0Z;rXo`Tm_8NU)?WODg!4&qj<
z$#y~X<iBZ3!~J-U`1554UZ_Q#)N)Q7j^aMib$9W9sd5RE@0;e<xT+C6!YG8t;%3Ht
z0=Rigv$~YH8pDtXV>SZY$GJY0`|j^UEI?xQ5^g=!>Gfs*+pibzjt1}k@S_xse`_Fo
z<P{CV;>tQ-`|i7rd?fIJ-Fzn~cFhNfdb8ToEFQBakK=&@JFYB6={yA|WSO3&<}bV<
z(Zo=o-~bn#i?!ThDdavHHSD~+Ri&lM7z4G4*wFPq>pu~v83FoUVNnMkJ_P-}Fh!-S
zW0xK!I|0A=S>2E9haDe9#)jH~f)lvs+rPUk#<zNCHPMg`a2^z0zmsf}IEbFKy@>h{
zC@A%~=0D0LG{OAR!?U}hK%4^pw;D4b%IN<qI9rVv!-K!RHS7;eJ=-7<hzZ7E;Z`r7
zXWJrrfBl$(>wp=}{59M6S_>4?tzBW0PA7!g*Wy~{REBc>yU(b=r_gL^J)@2;j4R@q
z;z)7MgXuT?K3X8o(_hS!DShBd0MHY^_2;`VOAoiKr(#|62{}&($;q)=nbUAjnStQK
zel3*lLswVV!WpTMSls9jrM0CF)lacAM$XZY7&>OOjH_j}gZPu22lB}~39KvqBxY=3
zQreF}FdwF>J98FffAEYC;_A2(<svkUlI(n3GWAYawTM0}7PmC&xOT(Qq|LM9^Jf_l
z;ppm(7IziIkSG}w5WmL_19S6<hA{w2ePOj5x_9uRmSy7T*b-FB0i>xzKdn7+AC8X2
zg?)AqhkW(6B%yFj^ag2oP%i3vWOhwDdGAqB!jRm+i^4nyE@z_Ny$gjJTYgX^$ir((
zF*Q#|8X99DF)#pHvQ+i12Nn<>vrPa$E4KX48sgimL!tx{sp_`xs~KO{2l~q=U&4AK
zF}N{e@kaG8DX`WoXy#aB66}0iQ=S8@eb_^>Xsc{6p}m(RZplGnM*{c%W>0L!gUnxH
zn4}l3Ht*hEFhTpk!C+&{uXpFpo$o#ZOtUb)UXbtQF1Medv)n*4lnXSVCW^&b14Xld
zTxyB&ftSv*Oq9UJkIK17hSDW70KiwmITl=kV~`j1YUej}Y2@Ns-XVasQzyds1P$r7
zmX|uVT@i6nTEcNKHN1UE-jk;T%;=x<tqV{DD5zJu&&Um8RN+gVRMu0}w!%sO$<WO#
z)B>(DauLG-^EEnxqHYkb+KBl&mLbon9uaojoX@eIKv{k2EgBDkT2JdLk)Wr?DBbSd
zw^qaF0Q7QZm7<3IiG7c+@vHs6QDHawX!4hS5Z2${|0q88sTIB2L}Bd)sYn`cfNR~4
zlz)c7<DGLxAEgQKFXDe&r`Huhx2&gzqVg}%x1WxHIWHP=4>U+>li)wgY`q>oj_I1F
zkiamQ8MIRApw-P1t!{|d+ZP03Ke9*)j}4WOLFrPY?x$YUi2Ydz2wFH3xxb8hd34_L
z(`<tDdXC;meDt!UaQ;e#JR~;MNESf5RoYj|u^;X%<rlDj5tXf1HEZ<rA*W;r;5(U?
za9Yx|k{5nx+aM3Rajj4R)7SH#3_at>QqeVkKR%u}+P0gpB?_8yl}zErFH~0zVgpvc
z&e&yxghD_<NUU`>K-FV2rBp{qS7Hn1db#cVay-robi@PM1`g9P_V3=^g;`lWLcb@l
z)@j*lMD9Gw_sJ|Jm*gC&9gJs)`FU4PZlGU0RsHRY*I336#vK;1)jBqhC#aKIsEIsK
zclmLwr#LLX*`I6tJ)Wb(dqAqaca++B8HfLlb+TpZ`Sk!fOBt2{Lfc4ed7m`-?_J8U
zAA;+f*jcl#y{Z0lb%mo5c9bA{SwEb7q5DTrSqW#~PjxgpY~QVllH9RsivllPv&!#s
z;TPKZ*sWN4yw<_Z&29ZH%N@U*!EDgmq)7`^fvEv6#m5BY%(e7R(JZRn!|OTa<cZ#l
zF74Lsz)MHMrBsg<=K6%N%jZqu$IaB1h$<hy31Q&TXqa#BO@8v+x_@5WC1$cPDNN}}
zrWfF0s~4UDZGM|~V=zFmsVtv*lk|?a;Wi^nem`SB9qD)ASr@Fp<$|3qI?5G8co23T
z{AfaIY+n*rNa%X-8@@cDfW{w;<ZDpo^v&crvJ~5tP2TBX5+tq%80TJA&3a%AUaW;2
zt|cTm7sl0hj6+SyJ8fTQ?#vbVaXFpQDcly&XawxWuhPr*Kg9tI?;XGQ+Me$9^p)lu
zB<SGp4;GUj)j&b~AB+nw&<JQmL@bP>op&TWzffpq4M^rK$<%l3gh#$sqs}FRW%PLa
zMp$5Gvsax0Bd<hT!~(s|9QBGuEWmVBJ}_16ny1C#<P_fK7L=U=zgC@dbE8~P(3VuM
zk8f?%Y0mZMxIpxUMs8K;Pnt5tZ;74(gjWuDa&ST0-i>XMU<W;}dHWezd@mOYMw~g|
z@Tym2lPAX}r3xa7#?){V>jRY=mG5p60KM4J@EAfQt-yg$ej2HKKVRb41v_uDOTpab
z<e`$F*R_Wz(>_Iq0tpS(B3qieY7?fGuN)9HntG&m*k~ZGVsdN*<BNXcYvJ`V*J2E?
z7YZfZ6?3{rLsbD9FSkRgG*ITeR%13~Y%U;EI|**ug5(wRZ#(MOB6>n}{tgc8(&w2E
z4-D@{ecTB6UG7^3y?=P!Hq^W>SmW^Nzp;$>Yw<yeMjp#4F{{pc!aPIa;uK96a^g%F
z9V^#u<{2R>rJV?SWn+n|KSD8#%sM{sQ^aX{tIU=#h;|nr`%~@c>}oXB`~}wGP&T;<
z22it3PsHTo@vi4MQ!J7VT>9@G&`{mc5)R)#ZdNWl4@5@)h>f8ie1vAcovI!jl?}S4
z-%?!Sf{Rz8(XoPetXXzI%}e1(RbLS&r>e7&fAOMwvOuX{TtYy@RZI9zCb<{rl(Opq
zNd5&_`RqWLLX6sRy%xP2TgSNii8zn+p0riAE|`+aPBTzGKnw`F?TYd#MPk*qF3a-c
zvtmLEUs7zv)6uYZ#@Nz9Pcj;w&rp6XX4dJ^LBu?at`2=9prIB|a<vVa2iu{5643v@
zK2a8Rzj*cBcj58mHzuXH5AEL26>Xq8qlvI2;nl-wM&Avzh#8Hm#4F+OQXoP3b)af~
zyr<L$WqL87Fb&%8srl1<2SOc-ruk>->!$hE2933~+NnCMXqMa7I?eX0oun3uQ9oEB
zWAA}NXn}XsAr}`Jm0t^%8I|{qdzE@m+sc?a&w)^oZG)3b+`ISX5$M3sm<#KhfLi@y
zt@B<v>?CP*b(J8OibkXtI6%P3&R){d0XbMx7#Mq;s{Y8hvT9JB;>k@JgMQh(sQrc?
zMk(NA0|L47q<m1p5r}&YjQ(`<fDAv9Mqp<i_-xKa9kIgep>Wkc)Z8ZW|4j!UP6S*M
z`QdABuC8FnXeyfBdRFRt)0;;B@=+LXCOx?*EGXI^A5@mHF`e|fx@;U(Q$!#&pJv%i
zG)P@um;!U!#ks%Kgm4&Q(YG=5f`hP{WSEDC5@w88^&!v5IM&J1GJld<N!~QKsj7)r
zNJyb-mXwHy#C;!rD`R<AQ&V$yYfFdgK|#T-(C*KZb_-5kUS3Vh(iD%iOLfJ>)c*CT
zKpd*@QD+O<#!qcH*xOHSxYyZEkl=*|1O(XBWm=<7rM;z}2|eSMn789=UUX{mV|MfW
z(_lZ_&bYg`rv;RkkGg#g?ssldiT`KJt!+`U;8l?}9ntyZ<g3Wu{bf(dnyZrQ-r<12
z4hKVUG$O}66Ll;SMxFdhLqWosI=b;nl*KZp5k}txMV668hR4~_WMn&(itn37Y^gXq
zI~y8)>NfudZMb{)?owxG<;dLC)m3FBPiVI}*w@tg+FJeQ3cHJo!wFyudUe$p0<j5w
zL09EyZ+{OjbS%e=Gff3d9@?d!K7CqnY65N}kiZKoD=TwznF{@;`ufKoDYUh<S7Qfc
zn17yP@$vC#HFJeC)s&T$dwb<LIXM*z_$4GHczDLQj!8&JPL7W~JUyWebLHjbeSLlK
zk!>Zjh4r0nfls5F&db=)5@GxL$;&Wena9!JrC1CHey{Pi&dn>RD9FmnGL!B3c0d~p
zOQwGR`b9)a>gDMPmb>#$FzR$6<r92|j$ZBM%XJK9bZBVLTT&{QS4v7sNC>%m3aWpa
zO8;T|#2Tdl%*BO|pP!$ah+=Ym{mZbGHdh)+Br7+!y^D)h!Q@|msc_jmU9MxiUPwzz
zD9>wiciobyxY*d+p)cYTr{?C$v^cbNbgGP7lHqVCKI*719d*5{hrW2mh?%bH0~7;C
z)<0@g|6AwxloduqEA+e8+Y(%7F{cwMU{k5ws-~vbd0LOz*iKGPd^=26EX&UP>+H?F
zEs`24ihj>EfbQWPZJf=GHB&U|Y&#b|75d!9<(X=1q1``STUy)NXd;wVRS$hTf@Ne7
zNQzgQniHrx+mw_PB_$<4U*G$L;VMPn?VigQYH>`1U{%c6JqP_D0x`1UG75)CkP&=T
zD>kUJp&^P04i4t6@+i9R?>s2o9$L#8_47aNnF5XKDD%FVZG;q?LtnYrg#&hJOxn~k
zv+5Lk$(8nX_jG>SGh^h5v13tD(ecTNr<cS(FI1We1J8bEFeb3`@a%N9xakE1bdU@-
zR92>^r`Oll!{LlY+NIj15s{HtELM*z4cNGK94zzi+F_{>ZJc6(cIi15tIjsHx98&Q
zT%}l`tf8ULm6pL{dW5|MPy%@6=ZD$Z4XwD?HOzH)zX+F2%Ff1|VmnN$%t|lhjEs)`
z91Rz;LpVTJYX^oFmh}4z;qhdHktqT_YgrtEDQBb;lGlTX*R8Fsii(N=u~9=?$Fy++
z0EErW%|}N^7Z+!4uC<*`P7f<v{H1bdcbSOs@bU4)dCg9|C3!Nq$q1<923A&9Iy*ZH
z3m+qp015OYk%=GW3uo-6p~oS2?&)&rF_UR=rTKOM;7RfDXcSC>bw%k(inM8{s7hwH
z!s~yFR(5rnl}z~nyJw9q`%$@$el)l6_nv{%0mXw@meY92!-6%<%N2-9{KVK8650TR
z!NA$x*75meU}$$@Vj`b_!0NHDj<z-hB_)J0Vc5#`$98XTFAWV%bab>$9m;7}MMJ;8
zpC&*m*R*P4bo4$2mx##gFJDNAiN`((jab$gx443%^d~|>LcmBe0)nO*6bjW-VejwX
zUQG>%4xFZm*x1<_9~%RCI+m37S~*DL&Lux}zQd0I#^YVW{&|FcBkW4I7qyJremXlC
zcorj6hIpMZmbG?@jpmS$0QhKXYGQx<c)@Eq055c<C;Z;pL~hXEmB_45pYZVTLb}a8
zH8h+|O})G(jGU2`rXA1O*Wf_%s%Ezi&z{qcfne6w)^2WYVm#YStGrr_OG`^tGk74d
z)xM#jD3u~wT3T%cQl;piZbIrUb%e!7bH0!1>BUnU7*9V_Q~0DEkYeo7lqN4{TIQXR
zzyp!CzAK3r7}pb1&X)^Har066Z8xQ}nbarn-MaH#(tSY<1hVVMb*$<tu-B+WQyM$O
z8rYR<@e$a>0ycv>JCol2XJcanG+D?81h<n@QUGd4HvD%Nz2X$na}C$R5D0SHla43?
zaFLD(uW244DS0u!d?ozkiS<mmK}SaiSK8*1-!77dXn%hn$T3$Mmy}eXySqEkBaomx
zEq5<31ai}y&+a)b2$rUNXlUq*hI7)z#h9yujWOu}<zHRoeWKQq{P?AIm&Bp3ZVqdF
zmZiT<Pv2jyt|oVbIOUsN9GKf&70{hrpF6DSnLwdhc?5W&mzS5&hELWgK>AYTCJ19u
zaWSE_R)ziutU^48M?^#kf&6<J*tNWjL|WIO3=IwarOZ4%J)N8?HA*Ob)j`5|0*}*N
zdJ$S2A>E&scS-R=Gk8o0Z~wy-a5TvMT0Al$0<en5wEf52oZ<1SMf=>q^HEJR-yP@c
z7nm;M_x|#MQ*NbJ^yHAk*FmRUq#`+Vx>tYusjjE34!tG8$Ow?@*_ML_V%cWC(o>Fc
z$oosi#FPt%|2f5iniPhpZf+LM80m*C{2s|bLXXc5&B!@{+~EexSX!>GudgE!uR%UE
zO4?jjWR;X6mv_5di_ksc+`YYURNYi`2m=Gd_V#v3GjEXFrta#+?)71k8}}X&?n`Ys
zIk^B<@>if-1Hl@q%OpV{p>-%0AI0!*+}xaTamQHCYyZzxSghN}kn*QqUEF{=Vq%%o
z(7IvwF()rkdcyFKC{P$t4*I3KAg$oRlY!{yFe%mjH1<bR8ge+q8UsuP!bgl3swJkb
zq5_ahKNuGuZ)0O~ei=M7bJ8O#{OD1)pn&VBXYq=*gv4$)lXKb71l5Xl6V4+??~_Q?
zwf4HJ{rx0IKfC3XngrDkrRUbK{&-{%E$f_$Et31)OSmtn@of%@T`T)4eYw$#)zQ{}
zYW&9i`f{yP6nw`zzqsA*`a8M%^Vrv~6tdfSk&K{@7Zen5r9rK%3Y(f{H{8Luc?1v^
zkO*LXP0fBVJ|i_FBU}E}RbbP+qd=z31bq8|$gA1JY_2M2<t&YRwj4VdG(Kw8cZIy=
zRBh24QKXttY1VahK9|1elndISLG+`1LEG^+O81JYXN3FrdwP08@ktFU$ma@`E<W{E
zjON&1Vy~}?=eNrd5(kqty}VsP?n@B06XeJaqGMRR7ngKl9*N9IO3I(w0GfnGqXSr3
zFTsJ?;-c(kQAr8bA1JX@nu;|a_0xx{`ua1#0szmcZAJpTanp{4x#{N^CWAMBLzPsn
zPWsdAzg^)?_E^?9EVU=Wcz=R>2tME33*fWd830nMk4VdZy9?*PnN^))hphq+hQ~Ce
zS~8<Fa>^Vf16F&!T}zxHTb7T#HkC(gik{FO*QrMX@<0UZ<^}!#ETF_T(#`q2Yxj>Z
z7))??Fn48Ok;-L%+KCPX;t0UE=vkqdH8N_{x{AtuY9K@<(fPuCuIBAvFfRVrk&%A*
zP`yGk@tfAuvZghcA3kvVcQwRBqSyYLa(TM6k6qhxsOF8L*Mr;t$r)!p`b<qcaOYl(
zpuopbH8$xW^2%A})@j}A7>^wew~1f)MO)YA+<{h#*X-Nq;gN}7q(r}mCf(Yn&Sg<S
z#HY~%x1ApyR1x6fG#7wA-l$0b<)kkIJ`Udlip>OEoR8pO>i@?51}E3ImebLyyq|Zs
R!Oa{v$_g6tm9pj`{{s)t06YKy

literal 0
HcmV?d00001

diff --git a/docs/assets/psuedo-carnot-cycle.png b/docs/assets/psuedo-carnot-cycle.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..13d318c0e31f339794ff4086cc8dd5faed41987a
GIT binary patch
literal 8142
zcmYj$byQT}`}GilbayF@h=Aab(w%~I>L5KdiZl{3v~&z14N?vr(gO%Gq`=T6-6ak0
z_4EDx@v_ccvli=~bDr~@{p@qk-Vv{~l!@@^@j)OEk*bP<E(nCd4m{KkF@gWc@c1(U
zKX|Sx#vULLareImqtB(}9SFn{q^cmR_i<(~%h!l<>h@l`7$emv`79WkSHNu`fMc$)
z!oiODnd_+z%U7pY!cX*^LQi>T*tL_v+U&U&^s9WFBg(9YPPMeAop$X(rTZC{dcg)M
z*hC*OSXtGBZCcq|CN($C`<8ZhtG})+q<OdBEe{S(zg^$;KDf*r7TfTk?Q_EhxxSQ^
zB?EyF82{QM@c){Ku8|Rp9Je~G33cWoOwY#3O3%Qcvni9^SY^%2&+p>k@U6UDAr}jV
zs?*ccJ4}$z#qwT}5^`Va_@tDtQ(<6eXqZ3uiO}u!ucGm-XeBnXt+T75BF-d<AhcP}
zLaT3>@KaR~qUp=nm~MC%mW)(m{xHx-#Ac9od1QF_pyi<L<m5zt3(I&pHbrx;oGgAC
z`k4do5jeF&;<l$F0sA>}&8A?~j#1S0>%3~R+QiIE<QQ&s*BT!@i>Tj9fL0(GTL#Kx
z)*jGWT3VWy$I8p=I98zQu`#qZ9C*Fgpq~1SN!*j$3c5LxEAe4>^Nz){{;~In6IOM|
z4rZ7f896!YyV-gthCVlzfQwwY-0v;&T3T9$B7*4}=H5&b4li(nGQaNgZ>+B$&y<vw
z_74pa<Kc~Nd2%LhO;(ut{@o=@@;F*i3}@lz<=s)*h>3~0zzp(hl+W2iMo=hF($X5~
z>st%ZZf|er<>lSn-1zzVB_t$JKQsGjd%asT%oy;)w~Fnl>LcD}irG5HDXEJkEGctS
z)9btIgX@b6n2<)cWV-gh)#18#fk0oVq~^`8&)e@&T%U=VngedHoZbH(EViGh=8rbM
z>BL+XkdT1Gf<r>W64Mkg|0s%Za`Ka~ihFK;=_aJ3qx1Wmk&z*BP8<Q_78j?lmypRp
zWoJovk?VZ?_)$Y6x|<M}gqc0BqoYHa#h+5z6y&L$3URcvE2*mD%DX(-kQj8mxp0$`
zH!w&sw<HF+l0YN^ZbWlnk&*6cpIC+rxGDMDE?5W1g0iFba_(=qstRE+*pMLuJw4cE
zK|?`NQ85IENKOoML>^)MG$l^z3I<C^Ok~P{MbYqc<_!)G8rRt5l45K&p}&=txh(up
zRTwYUKJa@XEqy<dD?eVOY1;CEPmMI_ntXP-JN#0?mf<-7(4&<e3Qi4ltFH*o0I1Ot
zfwu!08yowW%0@OZHPzSCQ&?PVYi;d+ce%0o4Z~GibTh85u8v8}Jro9kK-%u_u8&sx
zPB^VqRDQYyUe9)Qb%itgJbZu~M1eHW*YDx72)sS3{9J<pI*-H>O30y+Q;3tk6UBcB
zqKT|%Y)pfZlau2R(gtB-cIZQ{SEBf5W@cb^z0q{sOdvCEaF$jdSGLbKPZBYxk{sRx
zF>dvF@s?E@^o+{X*Y~=ts%>EQi<6U+Pb+gFR?taLk!~p_Cgw#`k0coxSu|pw#tsX#
zpB?K44(SZ426YtPU@L+^NSuEy2>pKzM9T25EoIBP>hp{*EGz)4N23AQ>6@6)Gc&h2
zPCcU}K;mRZ8<b^<xGcmlh*Vm%4&+?U9|VL$jvfiHaj0u(4E99P#3<#H&U&mMBe<zy
zM2)01(;5n&K7Cs4jghyPfwm@GkgTSr@>l&Z+Cq^`Pfqr_h>Q9Dh5A`%Kk%>5em!Mj
z7|`Z7z5!3dw}u!&=1N3S+%aR?TlyqCNHuj8l@3E3#F<aDNKDv^FrX<E;El3}a@Z-^
z2Pbzf9718qIEZ<gii(Qa2A5$J%E{jT==?nJaxJx{rbd%<y#4O1>c@{Ck&*arHm$NQ
z!VKm|v^G&qC;i7KYik?7A~xeO;v{c>jtjCul!)lpP6L_B3ELP1O`oRx_#r7*E)1*S
zI-7+C>{K)uR9R#tC+nM<mgzk)H8r&zOv`=6eRp@>{%^AM^z;ub#uja6=XFE3aX!m4
zVOez&UX%NtJt%_Srz%958r>6=&zs=TE*zf!B4$9LP(LKD|MVwz#j=pRJRJcz!3qMo
zFgXKid&aNGZ?AXUXN~B&5WSEdzNOJ=pvtV4XDO@%=KFze$Kc;E0IKE9&qZ5%8NAmA
z(+>|1fm&de_%P_~l9ekTeyo<SC9i6RvN+SXI*g;d$yaC-Xua4#91+L93J6IW85xOZ
zQ_euG^O@EYvPfkL7U?}neP({O*RUuD+Ar{`g&J0xMa0Ck`kXn)%6{t3dgaZ^#)gH3
z<)l^GRg#+kyAkyfSy}swA)k4n2j>-GaG`JM|EkBWOhiv5&i=b;zTV}$oyN5_3s%xv
z`roQO)(6Er)-|9|sE3D8;MVp;*+JX2v%P((MOB}(0x6s-s^_?ifL~Zdgo~ZMpr}YZ
zi8V(>L!-6@i76j;>LPD5ViZHcQm$h8=M^+DTvO|zx(cB>Ap`k(B<6D4MW$9V1zC&D
zSC;7ChFb#grBfDwy2iDoZ&TZEIKbfg!23JPfXlVht#SB&e<D!ym&8OYI^Y2CyI2kn
zCuU;J6It{de+%#&y%ZT0m35%gtM4!7og`dyxT(}o+?sPGjmYl`sU&r!T^|u-WaiF!
zZ4Tj0*v0qz^DX>ljgNNC`n8qU*(|Co+nFIDXz|7mdou|f>M*<It}t^Hc&5gdgp7w0
zAD4PvezHEyvCMWT;K!T$H*ZB}ovgcXZU=ovOq69~dwN~Ikkitlz2ne4uZs@xa;pd)
zfoB?ASS%j{%)cqn4N%UnfdLq|nAmh*@%RoQaeWcLh}ijbZK=s{v{_VuY)M6B8Du%c
zwEbjAVl&wrZ(%=X5QSQ!(3ZM<w^2qNWqo<P=I3*Dx<xFtXxRU<WLHIEHu@CJ7{BcB
zxSwvD$%ZWRZgg~XevU_2n36sS4O6(Q{rOV`w}M(HAV4Z7m-hvE1igrD1C+VjvgdLR
zOh6QC3SQV^p`#OnqQ4Ir4rhvWa|N80S;}IOGLVe|q|w~e?6N3TVIToPK5TxO^hb2@
z3o$}4F+M;*?T_#4u=i}>W#w-*zA44c%^BLFVB8?W9?p@41!sg2()Re|WYPDam5SFu
z7z`#K%@p&1sgzC3ShKl1HK0}@R@6e~b&JKau2&MS!{lT-Iyz)zib_iO+2oJB5D&1i
zxhe5kzg1NY4-7nqqo|__fzONQ&#SAe-S6*iyV?u@s^sJ2v$nR*s?cOu%zB3eE1VLz
z>$rHudtKq;;D~2}T(3^;7Yb|LR+S!tAUkh5f-nN_PI4|!XI<KFmqJLcuCBB)gn8K5
z*rcTw`}&k=-?n&ejWxgDxyWMNBfH*j-dsKvM}I$>4AF{ZS=f>WXfK>;9yqPZM;)tL
zC$0Hue!hY#)B=5+X6u1?Nk_lG?RIx}&w#@>hO&NH-uCbZ04xJAJM+h-Pecr0(Q?zt
zeIl|cGq(5xP00ZCY12jIci!gPOeibs!0_<>j^#Z)4b8?yI9_9dg+R!=(LBW{YCiXm
z_S?Tp{eoilX&DDEF9ZYjrjt1%{9I%mcGS&BqN*OY<arSv)VM6R0c6g_#dUy2bRUsW
zxN;oBWLbrsE64@eB4ErqCxO$7FXyZ8RtgFV4g=zWZxSG%tSb`DLbgMhzyXo{(iZ^z
zgF;#8Gx^=y_9w|N4U}O9)e-a!K|!D_Eko0PUp><i6kN}Hug-SP;fpuxQ|)(koo`gs
z)Z_}!DUUD0UQZ9X92=@GWuaZ;;|dUC&i#MU2rB{t0-g3&eB)Z^N*H(y!LE1`*F;?^
z8t|yzLi;OfF0dbl61OkwEVDAi6pPT5{LPu}=0tv}Lim0xJpwp9oUfiVVKiLZ>(Whe
zR-eUtW+-Dm0+T!zWhZ(MQTDFt?N!#Tl6U%y{(&`0FR*2lkoV=u+;n#diWF|xffH54
zrrw)yYUtJ#_w!P%zZOku%CF4Px%E>)A@04f^B|;N2?LW9o(hX;xv6_+5fu|t(>7I#
zuV)8C5zsO|Md_51C0589oEDahkiuz}cBcHfKUv&ZkVW_<m<x3zgaWg^eTaq>*|Y+k
zUka+LcyN8l)slx=yyEF8gBR9L+IZGZB$Pk-tW6F%!ECmepKBpAO`sOiPt7xthh{4^
zC&Hmm`-ks>9f%O#8EtA>4;{TMOveB8IfNQoor&|DsXVT?__f!o36Uaag}k;TADct4
z{)WO(<1gHi>^q;3lR=uQb;Rt<e4%h`$cb=6>%9WfJZW;<CXlL>;*wp6ZtJ7q6A|RP
z4$|YEqoFxnG2&@|2wbP>F*t6_kVhlYmgY>?bY4<?W_^!+9XlB9!;(8Xc}kasv>58u
zbbrIN4fGw|7M*EE5KM9B<~n5;>sDYqa`;t9!A=3$Nrr{jGjQ12U0#hQ)?BjJq&3NJ
zHpxPnk(Sm%wR~bUVo}$vXCNyODLlMs-pPu(X1<bAx5Kgr&k8g}=qXB4#|Sy0-QCE$
z6)m(?B}dS?JhZQbFwu*^P#!SGgfT)js)BWA+=Z@4T^K4KV9VxRc6#Sg8^Sl1;3wk9
zbup!d?0D#NwI^!9LE@t}K@7{PkHFfU%yl@0c_#KI#?YdYjn9H07|KeLGsLLN>P2u}
zw4yU9e1nz|%H&iwr8;i8vBSmevHCZE0|()a-)U+4T+JO61mkvysB;@nRjcvBM|exG
z7<DDgWA;uB_wrqC?H#hCe4LfV9i)-#&y<u+9dkn)g3_Cj&B52M%o9w1+!MLEg8ehX
zZz&#wy+#fD@vuN=;{B77fmDioTOT!}(!ssY-_pvcbqYNO^Y__+WZWHR%d5nkar&5D
zT`}Ova?pKwNtc~yO1^%Zm#J_C1}nOAtBoi#)0f!5b&9~=1;gXlAXO2<c|rY~lo1TY
zaCBDltf6U+{l#!&6^p5f4U^U`;T4n=F7bAiq8xY3aqdQcm&(b|$BL6}g;NIVtndTZ
z4`qSZwzTx-Z{%e2Kqv8q$|Laka@7j9dUdXDM*C?<$n@BA#{)e=P7NR$BoN~_b)Def
zz$mt@Zm2PQ0syNL4QwC2=<%t_x<uXEWNCJ>wY~`eDlQ*?HFU3@LozuO*6U!Tgm)fP
zbvC%h>32^G_a*DnF&@-4S9h40b&(>ErFA<EbUeJ3hwg{O)DVMIrW5|?aJi4(Tlp_W
zO0(TiBiEJWI8C!wiw8I?FO3GMoi~Ri#%$P<s}!k%&~rbn^6Co4vXY<^@Skaa2BzM6
zGC(}6)+i1z0`+ia|KOB1l};9lm~E;3#(<&BVO^_V+VqGCc&DR9L|LRE3JSY+k8v6w
zgGG+@9F+NL)2tDimF<xn6^|=dVY3l3c%<-_H?OGyH0t7{uum&tJCqdUhn3)v!cAX=
z8Dnt>>kY6{Cs(n+;k=A)9K6dspU`vI@TU%QvHkgOuel-{(t?YzAs#f^L+b(V5@z90
zxeqmeV!AR_Kh(Y=W@7=UWW-QamW*j)Uz*c-$J6-7+0vULvL3C4_*gLxVC&vcY#5DO
z-m&bNazsr{mXlI@3du7;lI5Y!%ca8b?%V0=5qK4gIv;7Q(WMD(A}M@ltL%?ophK02
z*acEqnZQF02IJKT5yV3@Wye$O4O15O%ep-E&Ywv8F^BZ8WqgkT@eu6p^OEY@Q%SvB
z|J@b<U0y7oxfUkrWk;@?q_H6cqtbn)Rj+&q(g*Dg9x9u?rT@DK-0W4q%pe|mx2pPg
zJ%b;8Cgln?cV79>ofe8V3nxuL<}NHm#5XSZ-J<i_rwKjO+g^sFC5>hqolk9^s|8A5
zJgP$ph(xQxP+^{r!CF}=f#o&?_yv}j8B}wwFLK^Z5u!^eAs$s|3v|brdh_<EDv_nM
z8<4cTw7WXIGfaqw6f}+P;2v?GY{*m6Wt8w@gvqcvVaO_#2Zq{`%;Q|JySd#kaNN$b
z_|U$O_$8|IO7j^%9>KyRux&nmzO+HjDLK7ZJjzdA6s2FDILppi|FuKB;!nn>>qigj
zupk~_xkZgEyZNp4j8DAr)5imCYW1~)Gu~xW{gv2{z+PPzXuFr9nOqXD)u=dQvpWW+
z)IPMZz)&aHrA=HmUV1O0jAK8QWUH+?E3>c#{2_w7%RrxXaefGD)BCJLJ)LP*R`v7U
zpL(Pf5ixR|{zjkDx@At?`Qi!@P5xF{(WXSc1W1kk_ktIb+)*@Vo}$_x6a_@lHnQiV
za?k+`L=%psG+17k@Vm5WY>3vj!v3`NWOqWcYl;lC^07k%Dq7Z9$@rbBV<Uoo`O9od
za5{h_$8Q-~OdQ=ly;YrL0iGA>9Ije&&>=1rzWV&etm^1$v|;~qwepu}M;vE$$&_Uo
z=n!r;Icr{LCs;_G@V%J@ISv+(ywx49?ANS|x7@+Mp$Kl7SFOY$7^HB5G*MGma)Bu0
zHl4-a5$sp<oo_(Mb#nBa8N4o8|2bNE^fBVsE-uzPQ%X{J+4tEv$hrHp&qJeQC3t60
zo-p!ZFgi2F{3|h?vcJ_92RH=79fkk^OJymYViHv1!lW3l12MP3Z<U1(^*!5$XNrh0
zFb-Ob&g>8+ssll>f;p|*SQKqrTN(Jf*HlR1zrN4TX{=xCptn%(k^%_rVW<l1(!KNi
zFDGV^ot;n3YmbS1LeQB}w*i#TbJWQSY^v;Xfs^J1umP9#*{bRMr|u;pbPQ-x_-nj$
z=s|jtx61gC&nzSV>?M%Nn)Ief2C=4m=f?#+RSow%HQOji5sB`fCMRIge&}FKH<j1B
z%Ce6Wrz5R`0~26&=k9dGDss?gGE}_@PBcrj+pjox&-+40RahZ8>uwB?ch)xY|Jyjs
zOtbQD?8k-(!`hY0f%4o0U#n<8Gfp6BZwT<q%bLg_@!^YLnOf%X^ypKqXpNK(;2W*m
z(wc(h-tI9IpF$}qnfihXLB;G-a<b&|Ka-mAKM+KSCh}R*sJU2A&js-`(b*yEF8U`;
z4Xg#XzSxK+>XaX&&GSh;(WH6?0I|nSfXzjt(j&(j`HpnYG5|bH&33gLOSq)M8(A-%
z$VaIBlcDx>eB7i;%P?5hlZ^#hw*F5pFx1&a8C34omb&1vP50~4r`No2&Y^b&B)W}x
z!V$&*L`-R!G*>h+)eHuFh_q~P^npQ8{Zzi1=ux@-7(rc=9U#o8^fIWp%d9SG)ogYN
z$L^WK+iC_fgd@%j`7l+XYCa7vqKTxw0BOT@aYGsHIh&7f)h?~1>c}YU*1D*JhY-Wa
zA2qVHv@|ivNKSrXKgJ%Tv?^+8$)V1V(1JrtkSYyU!o29639v_thSC$YRWR~&8$kiv
z3mA2%>+I|tmORnW)g8-t;rQ*_H;9#0%OF#M4FOc7^HUA-@i&3LK6U;ShE=Nzkzf7G
zd`cBTh<ScNK|!VbBe+Xj`U^+uK+Y#mzO|5OWI73r%@bsCtZfXyqc!(0wEZZ!_Ir#6
zYo+0UOcBG(2}9Wf_t$V3CBCA9g2K7jo^rEqNDa~sOubF;`Y!vq>t4qN(~&bdLxhjp
z3PMz#sg+`Urx)iDc;gMiNa|{nja5xc>+jJ~lhxhA%F|NEs#(1zd$qfyPdhk8dz!pb
z`p_R+5myz)oz?9tzazlb=vhWCQn*J+Wo4W92`8Cmj?`_X)YAM=!m-EN*7dkDlwNSX
zRqz*Yieddn*{}M6RO<Y>h1Ou9CslMlqlEk{2Z2b7&VO<nGErN~yCG*ei=$zc^Lu`n
zDZl^UxbV-u+f;WatAUkim1ctG_V>BB?Wc?TLi~3h-P)yYL%XF&PPcYur(O<EZ*0U3
z8s2#A7ZMos1JH42HFCg+nUH~w71!1#!Q|xSm17ybNm$^baL21mra2_bOSi2#N0H%l
zWB!ke9*bEgOM%idweKHN(eezso4QO9W(M$|I3qfvJuv|V4e0zh50ED2c5ENmsvd<<
z3Z?mkjs5sEAVo<g<LDw%Ik)u2jXTmA&~Q~XHJPORM6IF)!Ed`lkKIL34*@!m(buQS
z`M92L>vQN<U+@Plbn+TU&i?#!`se@#FhsIHtdROkmF4+mSy>s2@2+5-i9aBfF-d$#
z)8I_(Kb`X!?&<40n5p|kL_#QZykO_#G~ed$>+I~Tt{&Cie*cTVJu@rI|8Pn6ZhJLO
zdLa@1S6|B;0n2CQ_g3yElD9Xv?`etz_GF!f=~|_Zpmwx#v~@FTw%S_V#->Ov7hPkk
zt*c8OI0iugYH$`TmPvw>FtM4q7U~r>4ZZ7TxjQ`UCb<V5K;2~Q^FNy~OioUAb93wI
z=}`~{#8eC{9F-+a{aZctY$M(0Eyz>l*Zt)Q9C7@3e@XTyTxy}y)qn!~_3PI}E^T}@
zw!FZbRhEPHdnqy^df}f;!<|h8cZ-V3${wv>UKeXUc<_LSG7@+*a@exX&zQS^Wo2dI
z!of@Rz2jNNeS=a~S&_a%naXU*9-nrb(=3=(mz(nJ?Ce7-P+XMwJ-}s<-?D9&7*7W3
z^=ET5A3sbk_f@9&`)_6Eta&FJ!|Fy*%!(;ff^P)$?T))t+Pt2{(svhDangjy54hVq
zJ5>0JhKqpI)^Kr-Peha)GUme+A0Mwk$;=$EGsy?Mb_JbxTN_A5qtS2?7n^tQ1~bKK
zJU(x4J4lUU6-&Fm=!<1q4Sz??XW}X1v1vwxoMduoyR`A}sFBP4IWXX!_V!?*)i2Lh
zD{x6y>hceTl%VwhrOQWVScSS)j#R7ni4E&Oe?J`<YP3NJNDqNm<2e_eBw2SI$$(7}
zq>YUYSP~Yfp)83@<jJt~fk5{_GVi5=oLsPQ<{kO!TvM!=b$7Uz*y?WxLI%p*3qh1y
zwrBq<0T%z$(IL8jQwC@fk)hHAu{hSlxRceS+yDh5oNg#n?Bti_9dLydAR;2VNk|87
z;o>(579W?xc6Xt7BX60P+(HkmumA34Rb`91tz2&8@N;tqp(Qoc)d_MoB^!dgbW)O%
zfJ{fiFtM=uVi>~7PvmrU#Z&m57Ji7avE?^4rNf?5tNZ)=o0!a~^SA2h>#r3xu}RX}
zdcXu|9YliuqC^%o(gfZDo{3?V#aiFub0HzI*u=l5@e98IF=YMwOmT5BT!T{t*sFC~
zS#^cezq2lIjUv+qX8@0v*Vi<Zl&*|i<<z$qt8pZZqDw>+ltJ>I;`1KEFZ%-F7#J7?
z)K5iy|CTFfV?%Zlh9-Xi#Z#OUFkt!8bCWa>nC+zXd_g`7#|zuP{uxlpFI|^F(p_Lc
zwaUz74C#DCXc5Q!a%OQ+`q3kq{Ly#s-hFNCV0xQr_oTw{p2EuSSJ8xn&c4j&uhv)~
z$bU@+3i_{cV}g*IXIBGisiCIfXwY|>*(9FVIK+%;DJceKW>Bz%Q#S>S2!u-;(+ijc
zNl8h#EPet~Qd0c<Ri&j{QU?)_DnN6ej*s1?6uga$j3AJea^src4)00!SNG}I9qN1l
zB^^7cL03ly0q86HCnb7MVw4iUeEB+R2WT++e<z)@VT3_QKrIE7K7i5A@*;jR_5oto
zN(%<LeDOHISw_X<bTPgA9?f;bDPO)E*5uq0T9O>vI5;?5%>QlXdipfFfjvJz|KNCt
z5QiBA!6zUX9~*0K{x)g{)F(LwMMy}<!P(HE5~eF|lA1MOf0&tND&>>0emDaGE9*Oq
zy$cNu?N8*ASo<u%hVfmtczj}F!d^IonKlw|7%VV~9RITp|3CMT6662uhyP0^kkbF<
z^WT8~Yk=9fL><c_J=AP7RcXF5_^;A7B!8vwwVbpsgFuXZZgYj|sYRM_P8F-JP`vl=
z-xGTP4k0fkzSJzB6b=D;l*qZV5jLpY@2H1nwJ&aCoJ%`98V1{ZvH@tr{(pYP1F{>R
zN$ut{7h)lD5U=#@mUfsYU}+gn)6>)M>)QjdgKKMR4<klKUa{mn!+Ke1QuhP^Qg)IO
zi~%nw4d965h{y7uJ(F#L2*tB1>+AnoxDX>S-mL9ZwXaiXOCE)G69Vd(_g3LQ1_S&a
z*D8^4I=rA{z+OCx08U4*HV1^!*!Z}J(~Pjs=_d0WBLu4hsCvVT(C)Oms<tZ!01|Ot
zQX&63QE+J;Mtu1~+M;e!@nJaorB7>HpU6MRjV&w;aRH(lm(=3O2q_DTrM~_PyOFQV
zi;OnxAOnE-E<=s<0Pz>FynuRQ5^<ip{WsCq5P&lY>=AV7$;lJ#f%m>l`a6V!Dj@L-
zz(u@Nc=P6~t8Uo@H4V+8wjmJ^SN5+|{*wrue5Ip^l$4Z<iwi7V;yG<YO%N~(lkkfd
zM|c4Wvk=5!j&vYkPXKiPe&F^o7$i=*?r^k+1~mVO&AS!{OaLOAUn?tPwIy#3yMdLQ
zZBGE^!?un1acgi2Q4le<kZ!47Z(m<(a<W)q84i$6ZAVAmoR7dR)>Kym=*#pCEdPzO
zR8LF0N&!q%R#M`chk*yYS6ES@S*S}EFPAIoe|7pZo-ON+|BVu+jDqKCFOigvfx$XH
zAWwokU6;Eaunr6kdiwmguFni2&Y|JqfOfy|{vOjG44T6>`OoDp=()#T<sp75SqIev
Q40@2NqLxCX+?(M42Rk&E7XSbN

literal 0
HcmV?d00001

diff --git a/docs/physics-1.md b/docs/physics-1.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6497439
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/physics-1.md
@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+# 物理1
+
+$$
+\def\i{\mathrm{i}}
+\def\e{\mathrm{e}}
+% 
+\def\d{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}
+\def\dbar{\mathop{}\!\bar{} \hspace{-0.5em} \mathrm{d}}
+\def\const{\mathrm{Const.}}
+% 
+\newcommand\SI[2]{#1\ \mathrm{#2}}  % siunitx (package)
+% 
+\def\arsinh{\operatorname{arsinh}}
+\def\arcosh{\operatorname{arcosh}}
+\def\artanh{\operatorname{artanh}}
+% 
+\def\R{\mathbb{R}}
+$$
+
+## §2 刚体力学
+
+### 转动惯量
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年6月21日。
+
+总质量均记为 $m$。
+
+|         物体          |       转动轴       |    转动惯量    |
+| :-------------------: | :----------------: | :------------: |
+|     长 $l$ 的细杆     | 过一端点且垂直于杆 | $\frac13ml^2$  |
+| 半径为 $r$ 的实心圆柱 |     旋转对称轴     | $\frac12mr^2$  |
+|   半径为 $r$ 的球面   |     旋转对称轴     | $\frac23mr^2$  |
+|  半径为 $r$ 的实心球  |     旋转对称轴     | $\frac25 mr^2$ |
+
+## §4 气体动理论
+
+> Boltzmann 常量 $k_B$，Avogadro 常量 $N_A$，理想气体常量 $R$。（$R = k_BN_A$）
+
+### 宏观
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年4月17日。
+
+|                  |      按数量       |     按物质的量     |
+| :--------------: | :---------------: | :----------------: |
+|       总量       |   分子总数 $N$    |  总物质的量 $\nu$  |
+|       密度       |    数密度 $n$     |   $\frac \nu V$    |
+| 压强—温度、密度  |     $p=nk_BT$     | $p=\frac\nu V R T$ |
+| 压强、体积—温度  |    $pV=Nk_B T$    |    $pV=\nu RT$     |
+| 每个自由度的能量 | $\frac12 N k_B T$ | $\frac12 \nu R T$  |
+
+温度仅包括平动的三个自由度。
+
+### $\overline{v^2} \geq \bar v^2$
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年4月18日。
+
+$$
+0 \leq \overline{(v-\bar v)^2} = \overline{v^2} - \bar v^2
+$$
+
+> 另证：设概率密度函数为 $\operatorname{pdf} v$，累积分布函数为 $\operatorname{cdf} v$，则 $\frac{\d}{\d v} \operatorname{cdf} v = \operatorname{pdf} v$。于是
+> 
+> $$
+> \begin{split}
+>     \overline{v^2}
+>     &= \int_{\R^+} v^2 \operatorname{pdf}v \d v = \int_{\R^+} v^2 \d(\operatorname{cdf}v) \\
+>     &= \int_{\R^+}\int_{\R^+} v^2 \d(\operatorname{cdf}v) \d(\operatorname{cdf}u)
+>     = \int_{\R^+}\int_{\R^+} u^2 \d(\operatorname{cdf}v) \d(\operatorname{cdf}u) \\
+>     &= \int_{\R^+}\int_{\R^+} \frac{u^2+v^2}2 \d(\operatorname{cdf}v) \d(\operatorname{cdf}u) \\
+>     &\geq \int_{\R^+}\int_{\R^+} uv \d(\operatorname{cdf}v) \d(\operatorname{cdf}u) \\
+>     &= \int_{\R^+} u \d(\operatorname{cdf}u) \int_{\R^+} v \d(\operatorname{cdf}v) \\
+>     &= \left( \int_{\R^+} v \d(\operatorname{cdf}v) \right)^2
+>     = \left( \int_{\R^+} v \operatorname{pdf}v \d v \right)^2 \\
+>     &= \bar v^2
+> \end{split}
+> $$
+> 
+>  这将加权平均转化成了普通算术平均。
+
+### Maxwell 分布的特征速率
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年5月28日。
+
+设 $u= \sqrt\frac{RT}{M}$ ，则 $\text{PDF}\propto \exp\left( -\frac{u^2}2 \right)$。
+
+最概然速率为 $\sqrt2 u$， 平均速率为 $\sqrt{\dfrac 8\pi} u$，方均根速率为 $\sqrt3 u$，平均相对速率为 $\sqrt{\dfrac{16}\pi} u$。
+
+## §5 热力学基础
+
+### 理想气体的几个准静态过程
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年5月16日。
+
+$$
+\displaylines{
+\dbar Q = \d U + \dbar W \\
+\dbar W = p\d V,\quad
+pV = \nu RT, \quad
+U = \frac i2 \nu R T \\
+\d S = \frac{\dbar Q}{T}
+}
+$$
+
+#### $\d V \equiv 0, \dbar W \equiv 0$
+
+$$
+\begin{aligned}
+    W &= 0 .\\
+    Q &= \Delta U
+        = \frac i2 \nu R \Delta T
+        = \frac i2 V \Delta p. \\
+    \Delta S &= \frac i2 \nu R \cdot \Delta\ln T. \\
+\end{aligned}
+$$
+
+#### $\d p \equiv 0$
+
+$$
+\begin{aligned}
+    W &= p\Delta V .\\
+    Q &= c_p^\text{mol} \nu \Delta T
+        = \frac{i+2}2 \nu R \Delta T
+        = \frac{i+1}2 p\Delta V. \\
+    \Delta S &= \frac {i+2}2 \nu R \cdot \Delta\ln T. \\
+\end{aligned}
+$$
+
+#### $\d T \equiv 0, \d U \equiv0$
+
+$$
+\begin{aligned}
+    W &= \nu R T \cdot \Delta\ln V 
+        = -\nu R T \cdot \Delta\ln p .\\
+    Q &= W. \\
+    \Delta S &= \frac QT
+        = \nu R \cdot \Delta\ln V
+        = - \nu R \cdot \Delta\ln p. \\
+\end{aligned}
+$$
+
+#### $\dbar Q \equiv 0$
+
+$$
+\begin{aligned}
+    W &= -\Delta U= -\frac i2\nu R \Delta T = -\frac{\Delta(pV)}{\gamma-1} .\\
+    Q &= 0. \\
+    \Delta S &= 0. \\
+\end{aligned}
+$$
+
+状态方程等：
+
+$$
+\displaylines{
+pV^\gamma = \const \\
+\gamma = 1 + \frac 2i,\quad i = \frac2{\gamma-1}.
+}
+$$
+
+#### 杂项
+
+$$
+\Delta S
+= \int\frac{\dbar Q}T
+= \int\frac{c^\text{mol} \nu \d T}T
+= c^\text{mol} \nu \cdot \Delta\ln T
+$$
+
+### 可逆过程
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年6月22日。
+
+- 正过程前后，系统、环境允许有变化；
+- 只是相应逆过程能把这些变化都复原。
+
+（书上写得比较乱）
+
+## 物理光学
+
+### 干涉与衍射
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年6月7日。
+
+干涉、衍射都是惠更斯-菲涅尔原理的推论，只是干涉中子波源有限多，衍射中无限多。在字面上，“干涉”侧重于H-F原理中的“叠加”，“衍射”侧重于“各个方向”。其实两个现象往往是同时发生的：杨氏双缝干涉实验中，若双缝处不发生衍射，则两缝出射光根本不相交，不可能干涉；单缝远场衍射中，若经过单缝不同处的光不发生干涉，则半波带法无从下手，无法形成衍射条纹。在光栅衍射中，这两种现象更是相伴而生了。
+
+## 慕课的一些题目
+
+!!! warning "存在无法访问的链接"
+
+    “抱歉，课程本学期已结束。老师已将学期的查看权限关闭，你无法再查看本学期的内容。”
+
+### 拉小船
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年3月4日，[第一周单元作业](https://www.icourse163.org/learn/BIT-46002?tid=1463232449#/learn/hw?id=1237094608)，2。
+
+在堤岸顶上用绳子拉小船。设岸顶离水面的高度$h$为20m，收绳子的速率$u$为3m/s，且保持不变， 若当船与岸顶的距离$x$为40m时开始计时，则5秒时小船速率$v$与加速度大小$a$各几何？
+
+<figure markdown='span'>
+![拉小船-题图](assets/boat.png)
+<figcaption markdown='1'>拉小船｜[MOOC](https://edu-image.nosdn.127.net/1B4FCA5AA71BBCDA6AA581619D047E4B.png)</figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+#### 解
+
+记剩余绳长为$l$，绳仰角为$\theta$。
+
+易知所求时刻 $x = \SI{15}{m}, l= \SI{25}{m}, \cos\theta = 0.6, \sin\theta = 0.8$ 。
+
+（就不用向量了，这里它没什么好处。）
+
+##### 初等
+
+> →“[加速度求法](https://www.icourse163.org/learn/BIT-46002?tid=1463232449#/learn/forumdetail?pid=1321684340)”。
+
+画图，建立两组基：一组为水平-竖直参考系，一组为“船沿绳收缩”-“船绕人旋转”参考系。前者易描述船，后者易描述绳。
+
+先用第一组基判断船的速度、加速度方向，然后用第二组基写出绳末端（相当于船）的速度（$u$）、法向加速度（$\dfrac{v^2\sin^2\theta}l$）。利用各参考系中合速度一致，可得
+
+$$
+\displaylines{
+v\cos\theta = u \\
+a\cos\theta = \frac{v^2\sin^2\theta}l
+}
+$$
+
+故 $v=\SI{5}{m/s}, a = \SI{\frac{16}{15}}{m/s^2}$
+
+##### 导数
+
+> →“[加速度求法](https://www.icourse163.org/learn/BIT-46002?tid=1463232449#/learn/forumdetail?pid=1321684340)”的1楼、“[加速度](https://www.icourse163.org/learn/BIT-46002?tid=1463232449#/learn/forumdetail?pid=1321669729)”。
+
+由勾股定理，$x=\sqrt{l^2-h^2}$  。又 $\dfrac{\d l}{\d t} = u$
+
+$$
+\displaylines{
+\therefore v = \frac{\d x}{\d t} = \frac{l}{\sqrt{l^2-h^2}}u \\
+\therefore a = \frac{\d v}{\d t} = \frac{\sqrt{l^2-h^2}u - l \frac{lu}{\sqrt{l^2-h^2}}}{l^2-h^2}u
+= \frac{l^2-h^2 - l^2}{(l^2-h^2)^{\frac32}} u^2
+= -\frac{h^2u^2}{(l^2-h^2)^{\frac32}}
+}
+$$
+
+代入数据计算，再取绝对值即可。
+
+##### 微分
+
+对勾股定理 $l^2 = x^2 + h^2$ 微分，得 $2l\d l = 2x \d x$，即 $\d x = \dfrac lx \d l$，故
+
+$$
+\displaylines{
+v = \frac{\d x}{\d t} = \frac{l}{x} \frac{\d l}{\d t} = \dfrac{lu}{x}
+}
+$$
+
+变形为 $vx=lu$ ，微分得
+
+$$
+\displaylines{
+v\d x + x\d v = u\d l \\
+\therefore \d v = \frac{u\d l - v\d x}{x} \\
+\therefore a = \frac{\d v}{\d t} = \frac{u\frac{\d l}{\d t} - v\frac{\d x}{\d t}}{x}
+= \frac{u^2 - v^2}{x}
+}
+$$
+
+之后类似导数法。
+
+### 三角形周长质心
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年3月20日，[第三周单元测验](https://www.icourse163.org/learn/BIT-46002?tid=1463232449#/learn/quizscore?id=1237094609&aid=2269556170)。
+
+三角形周长的质心是中点三角形的内心。
+
+证明：对于 $\triangle ABC$，设三边 $a,b,c$ 的中点分别为 $E,F,G$，那么
+
+$$
+CoM = \frac{aE+bF+cG}{a+b+c}
+= \frac{eE+fF+gG}{e+f+g}
+$$
+
+> 另：
+> 
+> $$
+> \begin{split}
+>     CoM &= \frac{a\frac{B+C}2 + b\frac{C+A}2 + c\frac{A+B}2}{a+b+c} \\
+>     &= \frac{(a+b)C + (b+c)A + (c+a)B}{2(a+b+c)} \\
+>     &= \frac32 \frac{A+B+C}{3} - \frac12 \frac{aA+bB+cC}{a+b+c} \\
+>     &= \frac{3G_{\triangle ABC} - I_{\triangle ABC}}{2} \\
+>     &= G_{\triangle EFG} +\frac{G_{\triangle ABC} - I_{\triangle ABC}}{2} \\
+>     &= I_{\triangle EFG} \\
+> \end{split}
+> $$
+
+#### 内心的表达式
+
+对于 $\triangle ABC$，设一点
+
+$$
+\displaylines{
+I= \frac{aA+bB+cC}{a+b+c} \\
+\begin{split}
+    \therefore I-A &= \frac{bB+cC - (b+c)A}{a+b+c} \\
+    &= \frac{b(B-A) + c(C-A)}{a+b+c} \\
+    &= \frac{\frac{B-A}c + \frac{C-A}b}{bc(a+b+c)} \\
+    &= \frac{\frac{\overrightarrow{AB}}{|AB|} + \frac{\overrightarrow{AC}}{|AC|} }{bc(a+b+c)} \\
+    &\parallel \text{$\angle BAC$的平分线}
+\end{split}
+}
+$$
+
+同理可得，$I-B,I-C$ 也是另外两角的平分线。
+
+故$I$就是 $\triangle ABC$ 的内心。
+
+### 伪卡诺循环
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年5月1日，[第九周作业](https://www.icourse163.org/learn/BIT-46002?tid=1463232449#/learn/hw?id=1237092622)。
+
+<figure markdown='span'>
+![伪卡诺循环](assets/psuedo-carnot-cycle.png)
+<figcaption>伪卡诺循环｜MOOC</figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+如图，理想气体经历循环（等压膨胀–绝热膨胀–等压压缩–绝热压缩）。已知$T_b,T_c$，求效率$\eta$。
+
+仅a→b吸热，仅c→d放热，故 $1-\eta = \dfrac{Q_{cd}}{Q_{ab}}$。由于这两个过程都是等压过程，热容相等，故 $Q\propto \Delta T$，$1-\eta = \dfrac{T_b-T_a}{T_c-T_d}$。
+
+由于b→c，d→a都是绝热过程，均满足
+
+$$
+\left(\frac{p_f}{p_i}\right)^{1-\gamma} \left(\frac{T_f}{T_i}\right)^\gamma  = 1
+$$
+
+因为 $p_b=p_a,p_c=p_d$，所以
+
+$$
+\frac{T_b}{T_c} = \frac{T_a}{T_d} = \frac{T_b-T_a}{T_c-T_d}
+$$
+
+所以
+
+$$
+\eta = 1-\frac{T_b}{T_c}
+$$
+
+注意，这不是卡诺循环，$T_b,T_c$也不是工作温度的上下限。
+
+### 负热容
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年5月3日，[讨论10：热容](https://www.icourse163.org/learn/BIT-46002?tid=1463232449#/learn/forumdetail?pid=1321375236)。
+
+> 理想气体热容一定是正值吗？
+>
+> 理想气体等温过程的热容是什么？
+>
+> 热容是否可以为负值？若可以，在怎样的过程中热容是负值？
+
+0/0，无意义，或者说∞。
+
+可负。Q = ΔU + W = i/2 νRΔT + W，故 c = Q/ΔT = iνR/2 + W/ΔT，W/ΔT 一项其实是任意的。具体地说，理想气体膨胀得比绝热膨胀还夸张时，c就是负的。一楼同学举了例子：热带气旋。
+
+### 等温膨胀不违反热力学第二定律
+
+> :material-clock-edit-outline: 2021年5月3日，[讨论12：热力学第二定律的讨论](https://www.icourse163.org/learn/BIT-46002?tid=1463232449#/learn/content?type=detail&id=1240519191&cid=1262066804)。
+
+> 理想气体等温过程内能不变，系统从外界吸收的热量全部转换为有用功，效率为100%。这违反热力学第二定律吗？为什么？
+
+不违反。从功热转换的角度，该过程引起了其他变化（体积增大），不违法“将热全部转化为功，而不引起其他变化”。从永动机的角度，这只是半个循环；若考虑整个循环，则为把气体压缩回原状，外界要对系统做功，一正一负，整个过程的功就变少了，效率达不到一，并非第二类永动机。
+
+# 注意
+
+- 注意向量的<u>方向</u>。
+- 弹簧的弹性势能与伸缩量而不是长度有关。
+- 区分<u>直径与半径</u>。
+- $\dfrac\omega{\SI{}{rad/s}} = \dfrac{2\pi n}{\SI{}{r/min} \times \SI{60}{s/min}}$，有个“60”。
+- 对于概率密度为$f$的速率分布，部分平均值 $\bar v_D = \frac{\int_D v f\d v}{\int_D f\d v}$，注意<u>分母</u>与$D$有关。
+- 分清“改变到多少”与“改变了多少”。
+- 区分“过质心轴”的转动惯量和<u>一般轴</u>的转动惯量。
+- 求熵变时注意 $\dbar Q$ 的<u>正负</u>。
+- 区分<u>波形图</u>和某点的<u>振动图象</u>，以及速度随时间的图象。
+- 记得<u>重力</u>。
+- 用等厚干涉观察表面缺陷时，区分空气突出和工件突出。
+- 区分真空中的波长与<u>介质中的波长</u>，以及它们与光程的关系。
+- 注意内能包括分子转动动能。