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Hard
Database

3374. First Letter Capitalization II

中文文档

Description

Table: user_content

+-------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type    |
+-------------+---------+
| content_id  | int     |
| content_text| varchar |
+-------------+---------+
content_id is the unique key for this table.
Each row contains a unique ID and the corresponding text content.

Write a solution to transform the text in the content_text column by applying the following rules:

  • Convert the first letter of each word to uppercase and the remaining letters to lowercase
  • Special handling for words containing special characters:
    • For words connected with a hyphen -, both parts should be capitalized (e.g., top-rated → Top-Rated)
  • All other formatting and spacing should remain unchanged

Return the result table that includes both the original content_text and the modified text following the above rules.

The result format is in the following example.

 

Example:

Input:

user_content table:

+------------+---------------------------------+
| content_id | content_text                    |
+------------+---------------------------------+
| 1          | hello world of SQL              |
| 2          | the QUICK-brown fox             |
| 3          | modern-day DATA science         |
| 4          | web-based FRONT-end development |
+------------+---------------------------------+

Output:

+------------+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+
| content_id | original_text                   | converted_text                  |
+------------+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+
| 1          | hello world of SQL              | Hello World Of Sql              |
| 2          | the QUICK-brown fox             | The Quick-Brown Fox             |
| 3          | modern-day DATA science         | Modern-Day Data Science         |
| 4          | web-based FRONT-end development | Web-Based Front-End Development |
+------------+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+

Explanation:

  • For content_id = 1:
    • Each word's first letter is capitalized: "Hello World Of Sql"
  • For content_id = 2:
    • Contains the hyphenated word "QUICK-brown" which becomes "Quick-Brown"
    • Other words follow normal capitalization rules
  • For content_id = 3:
    • Hyphenated word "modern-day" becomes "Modern-Day"
    • "DATA" is converted to "Data"
  • For content_id = 4:
    • Contains two hyphenated words: "web-based" → "Web-Based"
    • And "FRONT-end" → "Front-End"

Solutions

Solution 1

Pandas

import pandas as pd


def capitalize_content(user_content: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
    def convert_text(text: str) -> str:
        return " ".join(
            (
                "-".join([part.capitalize() for part in word.split("-")])
                if "-" in word
                else word.capitalize()
            )
            for word in text.split(" ")
        )

    user_content["converted_text"] = user_content["content_text"].apply(convert_text)
    return user_content.rename(columns={"content_text": "original_text"})[
        ["content_id", "original_text", "converted_text"]
    ]