Upgrade throttled usage

[adriansmares]

Summary

References https://github.com/TheThingsIndustries/lorawan-stack/pull/2757

This PR upgrades our use of throttled to use the new context based interface, along with some bugs.

Changes

• Use context based interface while doing throttled calls.
• Fix error logging to actually include the error which occurred.
• Fix gRPC stream key.
• Use arrival time adjusted timestamps for gateway -> Application Server latency.
• Backport UDP rate limiting key change.

Testing

Steps

The changes here are lots of debt but not so much semantics. They have been tested on staging1 and other deployments and should be evaluated as code.

Results

N/A.

Regressions

N/A.

Checklist

• Scope: The referenced issue is addressed, there are no unrelated changes.
• Compatibility: The changes are backwards compatible with existing API, storage, configuration and CLI, according to the compatibility commitments in README.md for the chosen target branch.
• Documentation: Relevant documentation is added or updated.
• Testing: The steps/process to test this feature are clearly explained including testing for regressions.
• Infrastructure: If infrastructural changes (e.g., new RPC, configuration) are needed, a separate issue is created in the infrastructural repositories.
• Changelog: Significant features, behavior changes, deprecations and fixes are added to CHANGELOG.md.
• Commits: Commit messages follow guidelines in CONTRIBUTING.md, there are no fixup commits left.