index.html

---
layout: workshop      # DON'T CHANGE THIS.
root: .               # DON'T CHANGE THIS EITHER.  (THANK YOU.)
carpentry: "dc"    # what kind of Carpentry (must be either "dc" or "swc")
venue: "University of Oxford"        # brief name of host site without address (e.g., "Euphoric State University")
address: "Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, 64 Banbury Road, Oxford, OX2 6PN"      # full street address of workshop (e.g., "Room A, 123 Forth Street, Blimingen, Euphoria")
country: "UK"      # lowercase two-letter ISO country code such as "fr" (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1)
language: "EN"     # lowercase two-letter ISO language code such as "fr" (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639-1)
latlng: "51.764476, -1.260328"       # decimal latitude and longitude of workshop venue (e.g., "41.7901128,-87.6007318" - use http://www.latlong.net/)
humandate: "Sep 26-27, 2017"    # human-readable dates for the workshop (e.g., "Feb 17-18, 2020")
humantime: "9:00--17:00"    # human-readable times for the workshop (e.g., "9:00 am - 4:30 pm")
startdate: 2017-09-26      # machine-readable start date for the workshop in YYYY-MM-DD format like 2015-01-01
enddate: 2017-09-27        # machine-readable end date for the workshop in YYYY-MM-DD format like 2015-01-02
instructor: ["Iain Emsley", "Lucia Michielin", "Pip Willcox"] # boxed, comma-separated list of instructors' names as strings, like ["Kay McNulty", "Betty Jennings", "Betty Snyder"]
helper: ["Laura Fortunato", "Aaron Ceross", "Stephen Jones", "Alex Orlek"]     # boxed, comma-separated list of helpers' names, like ["Marlyn Wescoff", "Fran Bilas", "Ruth Lichterman"]
contact: ["iain.emsley@oerc.ox.ac.uk"]    # boxed, comma-separated list of contact email addresses for the host, lead instructor, or whoever else is handling questions, like ["marlyn.wescoff@example.org", "fran.bilas@example.org", "ruth.lichterman@example.org"]
etherpad:             # optional: URL for the workshop Etherpad if there is one
eventbrite:  "37033429986"         # optional: alphanumeric key for Eventbrite registration, e.g., "1234567890AB" (if Eventbrite is being used)
day1_am: "Data organization in spreadsheets and OpenRefine"
day1_pm: "Introduction to Python"
day2_am: "Data analysis and visualization in Python"
day2_pm: "SQL for data management"
---

<!-- See instructions in the comments below for how to edit specific sections of this workshop template. -->

<!--
  HEADER

  Edit the values in the block above to be appropriate for your workshop.
  If the value is not 'true', 'false', 'null', or a number, please use
  double quotation marks around the value, unless specified otherwise.
  And run 'tools/check' *before* committing to make sure that changes are good.
-->

<!--
  EVENTBRITE

  This block includes the Eventbrite registration widget if
  'eventbrite' has been set in the header.  You can delete it if you
  are not using Eventbrite, or leave it in, since it will not be
  displayed if the 'eventbrite' field in the header is not set.
-->
{% if page.eventbrite %}
<iframe
  src="https://www.eventbrite.com/tickets-external?eid=37033429986"
  frameborder="0"
  width="100%"
  height="400px"
  scrolling="auto">
</iframe>
{% endif %}

<h2 id="general">General Information</h2>

<!--
  INTRODUCTION

  Edit the general explanatory paragraph below if you want to change
  the pitch.
-->
<p>
<a href=http://datacarpentry.org>Data Carpentry</a> workshops are for any researcher 
who has data they want to analyze, and no prior computational experience is required. 
This hands-on workshop teaches basic concepts, skills and tools for working more 
effectively with data. 
</p>
<p>
We will cover {{page.day1_am}}, {{page.day1_pm}}, {{page.day2_am}} and {{page.day2_pm}}.

Participants should bring their laptops and plan to participate actively. By the end of the workshop learners should be able to more effectively manage and analyze data and be able to apply the tools and approaches directly to their ongoing research.
</p>

<p>
This workshop is run by
the <a href="https://rroxford.github.io/">Reproducible Research
Oxford</a> project. For announcements about future workshops and
related activities, check
our <a href="https://rroxford.github.io/">project website</a>,
subscribe to
our <a href="https://web.maillist.ox.ac.uk/ox/info/rroxford"> mailing
list</a>, and follow us on
Twitter <a href="http://twitter.com/RR_Oxford">@RR_Oxford</a>.
</p>

<!-- AUDIENCE

  Explain who your audience is.  (In particular, tell readers if the
  workshop is only open to people from a particular institution.)
-->
<p id="who">
  <strong>Who:</strong> The course is aimed at students, researchers,
  and staff of the University of Oxford. <strong>Please register with
  your .ox.ac.uk email address.</strong>
</p>
<p align="center">
  <strong>
    You don't need to have any previous knowledge of the tools
    that will be presented at the workshop.
  </strong>
</p>

  


<!-- LOCATION

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  if the latitude and longitude of the workshop have been set.  You
  can use http://itouchmap.com/latlong.html to find the lat/long of an
  address.
-->
{% if page.latlng %}
<p id="where">
  <strong>Where:</strong>
  {{page.address}}.
  Get directions with
  <a href="//www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat={{page.latlng | replace:',','&mlon='}}&zoom=16">OpenStreetMap</a>
  or
  <a href="//maps.google.com/maps?q={{page.latlng}}">Google Maps</a>.
</p>
{% endif %}

<!--
  SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

  Modify the block below if there are any special requirements.
-->
<p id="requirements">
  <strong>Requirements:</strong> Participants must bring a laptop with
  a Mac, Linux, or Windows operating system (not a tablet, Chromebook,
  etc.) that they have administrative privileges on. They should have
  a few specific software packages installed (listed
  <a href="#setup">below</a>). They are also required to abide by
  Data Carpentry's
  <a href="http://www.datacarpentry.org/code-of-conduct/">Code of Conduct</a>.
</p>

<!--
  ACCESSIBILITY

  Modify the block below if there are any barriers to accessibility or
  special instructions.
-->
<p id="accessibility">
  <strong>Accessibility:</strong> We are committed to making this workshop
  accessible to everybody.
  The workshop organisers have checked that:
</p>
<ul>
  <li>The room is wheelchair / scooter accessible.</li>
  <li>Accessible restrooms are available.</li>
</ul>
<p>
  Materials will be provided in advance of the workshop and
  large-print handouts are available if needed by notifying the
  organizers in advance.  If we can help making learning easier for
  you (e.g. sign-language interpreters, lactation facilities) please
  get in touch and we will
  attempt to provide them.
</p>

<!--
  CONTACT EMAIL ADDRESS

  Display the contact email address set in the configuration file.
-->
<p id="contact">
  <strong>Contact</strong>:
  Please email
  {% if page.contact %}
    {% for contact in page.contact: %}
      {% if forloop.last and page.contact.size > 1 %}
        or
      {% else %}
        {% unless forloop.first %}
        ,
        {% endunless %}
      {% endif %}
      <a href='mailto:{{contact}}'>{{contact}}</a>
    {% endfor %}
  {% else %}
    to-be-announced
  {% endif %}
  for more information.
</p>

<hr/>

<!--
  SCHEDULE

  Show the workshop's schedule.  Edit the items and times in the table
  to match your plans.  You may also want to change 'Day 1' and 'Day
  2' to be actual dates or days of the week.
-->
<h2 id="schedule">Schedule</h2>

<!-- DO NOT EDIT SURVEY LINKS -->
<p><em>Surveys</em></p>
<p>Please be sure to complete these surveys before and after the workshop.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/dcpreworkshopassessment">Pre-workshop Survey</a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/dcpostworkshopassessment">Post-workshop Survey</a></p>

<div class="row">
  <div class="col-md-6">

    <h3>Day 1</h3>
    <table class="table table-striped">
      <tr> <td>Morning</td>  <td>{{page.day1_am}}</td> </tr>
       <tr> <td>Afternoon</td>  <td>{{page.day1_pm}}</td> </tr>
    </table>
 
 
    <h3>Day 2</h3>
    <table class="table table-striped">
      <tr> <td>Morning</td>  <td>{{page.day2_am}}</td> </tr>
      <tr> <td>Afternoon</td>  <td>{{page.day2_pm}}</td> </tr>
    </table>
 </div>
</div>
<!--
  ETHERPAD

  At `_misc/etherpad.txt` you will find a template for the etherpad.

  Display the Etherpad for the workshop.  You can set this up in
  advance or on the first day; either way, make sure you push changes
  to GitHub after you have its URL.  To create an Etherpad, go to

      http://pad.software-carpentry.org/YYYY-MM-DD-site

  where 'YYYY-MM-DD-site' is the identifier for your workshop,
  e.g., '2015-06-10-esu'.
-->
{% if page.etherpad %}
<p id="etherpad">
  <strong>Etherpad:</strong> <a href="{{page.etherpad}}">{{page.etherpad}}</a>.
  <br/>
  We will use this Etherpad for chatting, taking notes, and sharing URLs and bits of code.
</p>
{% endif %}

<hr/>

<!--
  SYLLABUS

  Show what topics will be covered.

  1. If your workshop is R rather than Python, remove the comment
     around that section and put a comment around the Python section.
  2. Some workshops will delete SQL.
  3. Please make sure the list of topics is synchronized with what you
     intend to teach.
  4. You may need to move the div's with class="col-md-6" around inside
     the div's with class="row" to balance the multi-column layout.

  This is one of the places where people frequently make mistakes, so
  please preview your site before committing, and make sure to run
  'tools/check' as well.
-->
<!--<h2 id="syllabus">Syllabus</h2>

<div class="row">
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <h3 id="syllabus-shell">The Unix Shell</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Files and directories</li>
      <li>History and tab completion</li>
      <li>Pipes and redirection</li>
      <li>Looping over files</li>
      <li>Creating and running shell scripts</li>
      <li>Finding things</li>
      <li><a href="{{site.swc_pages}}/shell-novice/reference/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <h3 id="syllabus-python">R for Reproducible Scientific Analysis</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Introduction to R and RStudio</li>
      <li>Project Management with RStudio</li>
      <li>Seeking Help</li>
      <li>Data Structures</li>
      <li>Exploring Data Frames</li>
      <li>Subsetting Data</li>
      <li>Control Flow</li>
        <li>Creating Publication-Quality Graphics</li>
        <li>Vectorization</li>
        <li>Functions Explained</li>
        <li>Writing Data</li>
        <li>Split-Apply-Combine</li>
        <li>Dataframe Manipulation with dplyr</li>
        <li>Dataframe Manipulation with tidyr</li>
        <li>Producing Reporting with Knitr</li>
        <li>Writing Good Software</li>
      <li><a href="{{site.swc_pages}}/r-novice-gapminder/reference/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
 
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <h3 id="syllabus-r">Programming in R</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Working with vectors and data frames</li>
      <li>Reading and plotting data</li>
      <li>Creating and using functions</li>
      <li>Loops and conditionals</li>
      <li>Using R from the command line</li>
      <li><a href="{{site.swc_pages}}/r-novice-inflammation/reference/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  -->
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <h3>Programming in Python</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Using libraries</li>
      <li>Working with arrays</li>
      <li>Reading and plotting data</li>
      <li>Creating and using functions</li>
      <li>Loops and conditionals</li>
      <li><a href="http://www.musicofsound.org/python-humanities-lesson/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <!--
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <h3 id="syllabus-matlab">Programming in MATLAB</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Working with arrays</li>
      <li>Reading and plotting data</li>
      <li>Creating and using functions</li>
      <li>Loops and conditionals</li>
      <li>Defensive programming</li>
      <li><a href="{{site.swc_pages}}/matlab-novice-inflammation/reference/">Reference...</a></li>
     </ul>
   </div>
   -->
<!--</div>-->

<!--<div class="row">
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <h3 id="syllabus-git">Version Control with Git</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Creating a repository</li>
      <li>Recording changes to files: <code>add</code>, <code>commit</code>, ...</li>
      <li>Viewing changes: <code>status</code>, <code>diff</code>, ...</li>
      <li>Ignoring files</li>
      <li>Working on the web: <code>clone</code>, <code>pull</code>, <code>push</code>, ...</li>
      <li>Resolving conflicts</li>
      <li>Open licenses</li>
      <li>Where to host work, and why</li>
      <li><a href="{{site.swc_pages}}/git-novice/reference/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div> -->
<!-- class="col-md-6">
    <h3 id="syllabus-sql">Managing Data with SQL</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Reading and sorting data</li>
      <li>Filtering with <code>where</code></li>
      <li>Calculating new values on the fly</li>
      <li>Handling missing values</li>
      <li>Combining values using aggregation</li>
      <li>Combining information from multiple tables using <code>join</code></li>
      <li>Creating, modifying, and deleting data</li>
      <li>Programming with databases</li>
      <li><a href="{{site.swc_pages}}/sql-novice-survey/reference/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>-->
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <h3 id="syllabus-spreadsheets">Data Organisation in Spreadsheets</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Formatting data tables in Spreadsheets</li>
      <li>Formatting Problems</li>
      <li>Dates as data</li>
      <li>Quality Control</li>
      <li>Exporting data</li>
      <li><a href="http://www.musicofsound.org/spreadsheet-humanities-lesson/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>

    <div class="col-md-4">
    <h3 id="syllabus-openrefine">Data Cleaning with OpenRefine</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Working with OpenRefine</li>
      <li>Filerting and Sorting with OpenRefine</li>
      <li>Examining Numbers in OpenRefine</li>
      <li>Exporting and Saving Data from OpenRefine</li>
      <li><a href="http://www.musicofsound.org/OpenRefine-humanities-lesson/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
</div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <h3 id="syllabus-sql">Data Management with SQL</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Databases using SQL</li>
      <li>Basic Queries</li>
      <li>SQL Aggregation</li>
      <li>Joins and aliases</li>
      <li>R and Databases</li>
      <li><a href="http://www.musicofsound.org/sql-humanities-lesson/">Reference...</a></li>
    </ul>
</div>
</div> 

<hr/>

<!--
  SETUP

  Delete irrelevant sections from the setup instructions.  Each
  section is inside a 'div' without any classes to make the beginning
  and end easier to find.

  This is the other place where people frequently make mistakes, so
  please preview your site before committing, and make sure to run
  'tools/check' as well.
-->

<h2 id="setup">Setup</h2>

<p>
To participate in a Data Carpentry workshop, you will need working copies of the 
described software. Please make sure to install everything (or at least to download 
the installers) before the start of your workshop. Participants should bring and use 
their own laptops to insure the proper setup of tools for an efficient workflow 
once you leave the workshop.
</p>
<p>
  We maintain a list of common issues that occur during installation as a reference for instructors
  that may be useful on the
  <a href = "{{site.swc_github}}/workshop-template/wiki/Configuration-Problems-and-Solutions">Configuration Problems and Solutions wiki page</a>.
</p>
<div id="editor"> <!-- Start of 'spreadsheet' section. -->
  <h3>Spreadsheet</h3>

  <p>
    To work with with spreadsheets, we can use Microsoft Excel, OpenOffice.org, or other programs.
    Commands may differ a bit between programs, but general ideas for thinking about spreadsheets are the same.
    For this lesson, <strong>if you don’t have a spreadsheet program already</strong>, you can use LibreOffice. It’s a free, open source spreadsheet program.
  </p>

  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="spreadsheet-windows">Windows</h4>
      <p>
        <strong>Only if you don't have MS Excel installed</strong>. Install LibreOffice by going to the <a href="https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/">download</a> page. Your download should begin automatically. You will go to a page that asks about a donation, but you don’t need to make one. 
      </p>

    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="spreadsheet-mac">Mac OS X</h4>
      <p>
        <strong>Only if you don't have MS Excel installed</strong>. Install LibreOffice by going to the <a href="https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/">download</a> page. Your download should begin automatically. You will go to a page that asks about a donation, but you don’t need to make one. 
      </p>

    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="spreadsheet-linux">Linux</h4>
      <p>
        Install LibreOffice by going to the <a href="https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/">download</a> page. The version for Linux should automatically be selected.
        Click Download Version 5.3.X. You will go to a page that asks about a donation, but you don’t need to make one. Your download should begin automatically.
      </p>
    </div>
  </div>
</div> <!-- End of 'spreadsheet' section. -->

<div id="openrefine"> <!-- Start of 'openrefine' section. -->
  <h3>OpenRefine</h3>

  <p>For this lesson you will need <strong>OpenRefine</strong> (formerly Google Refine) and a web browser.</p>
  <p>Note: this is a program that runs on your machine (not in the cloud). It is accessed via your browser, but no web connection is needed.</p>

  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="openrefine-windows">Windows</h4>
      <ul>
        <li>OpenRefine uses the Java Runtime Enviroment. If you don't already have it installed, install it from <a href="https://java.com/en/download/">here</a>.
        <li>Download the OpenRefine 2.7 Windows Kit from <a href="http://openrefine.org/download.html">http://openrefine.org</a></li>
        <li>Unzip the downloaded file into a directory by right-clicking and
        selecting “Extract…”. Name that directory something like 'OpenRefine'. <strong>Remember where you extracted it</strong></li>
        <li>Go to your newly created OpenRefine directory using File Explorer.</li>
        <li>Double click "openrefine" (the icon is a blue diamond).  A black console window will apppear, and your default browser shortly afterwards.</li>
        <li>If OpenRefine does not automatically open for you, point your web browser at http://127.0.0.1:3333/ or http://localhost:3333.</li>
      </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="openrefine-mac">Mac OS X</h4>
      <ul>
        <li>Open Refine uses the Java Run Environment. To check you have Java installed, open System Preferences and look for a Java icon. If you don't have it, <a href="https://www.java.com/en/download/mac_download.jsp">download</a> and install it.</li>
        <li>Download the OpenRefine 2.7 Mac Kit from <a href="http://openrefine.org/download.html">http://openrefine.org</a></li>
        <li>Open the downloaded file and drag the OpenRefine icon to Applications as instructed.</li>
        <li>Launch OpenRefine from Applications.</li>
        <li>If you receive a warning about installing untrusted applications: Applications -> Utilities -> Terminal and type the following: <code>spctl --add /Applications/OpenRefine.app</code> and try again.
	<li>If OpenRefine does not automatically open for you, point your web browser at http://127.0.0.1:3333/ or http://localhost:3333.</li>
      </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="openrefine-linux">Linux</h4>
      <ul>
        <li>OpenRefine uses the Java Runtime Enviroment. To check if you have Java installed, open a terminal and type <code>java -version</code>.  If you don't have it, the run <code>sudo apt-get install default-jre</code> (Ubuntu) or <code>sudo dnf install java-1.8.0-openjdk</code> (Fedora)</li>
        <li>Download the OpenRefine 2.7 Linux kit from <a href="http://openrefine.org/download.html">http://openrefine.org</a></li>
        <li>Unzip the downloaded file into a directory. Name that directory something like "OpenRefine".</li>
        <li>Go to your newly created OpenRefine directory.</li>
        <li>Type <code>./refine</code> into the terminal within the OpenRefine directory</li>
        <li>If OpenRefine does not automatically open for you, point your browser at http://127.0.0.1:3333/ or http://localhost:3333 to launch the program.</li>
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
</div> <!-- End of 'openrefine' section. -->

<div id="python"> <!-- Start of 'Python' section. Remove the third paragraph if
           the workshop will teach Python using something other than
           the IPython notebook.
           Details at http://ipython.org/ipython-doc/2/install/install.html#browser-compatibility -->
  <h3>Python</h3>

  <p>
    <a href="http://python.org">Python</a> is a popular language for
    scientific computing, and great for general-purpose programming as
    well.  Installing all of its scientific packages individually can be
    a bit difficult, so we recommend
    <a href="https://www.continuum.io/anaconda">Anaconda</a>,
    an all-in-one installer.
  </p>

    <p>
      Regardless of how you choose to install it,
      <strong>please make sure you install Python version 3.x</strong>
      (e.g., 3.4 is fine).
    </p>

    <!--<p>
      We will teach Python using the IPython notebook, a programming environment
      that runs in a web browser. For this to work you will need a reasonably
      up-to-date browser. The current versions of the Chrome, Safari and
      Firefox browsers are all
      <a href="http://ipython.org/ipython-doc/2/install/install.html#browser-compatibility">supported</a>
      (some older browsers, including Internet Explorer version 9
      and below, are not).
    </p>-->

  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="python-windows">Windows</h4>
      <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxQ0mzZ8UvA">Video Tutorial</a>
      <ol>
        <li>Open <a href="http://continuum.io/downloads">http://continuum.io/downloads</a> with your web browser.</li>
        <li>Download the Python 3 installer for Windows.</li>
        <li>Install Python 3 using all of the defaults for installation <em>except</em> make sure to check <strong>Make Anaconda the default Python</strong>.</li>
      </ol>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="python-macosx">Mac OS X</h4>
      <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TcSAln46u9U">Video Tutorial</a>
      <ol>
        <li>Open <a href="http://continuum.io/downloads">http://continuum.io/downloads</a> with your web browser.</li>
        <li>Download the Python 3 installer for OS X.</li>
        <li>Install Python 3 using all of the defaults for installation.</li>
      </ol>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="python-linux">Linux</h4>
      <ol>
        <li>Open <a href="http://continuum.io/downloads">http://continuum.io/downloads</a> with your web browser.</li>
        <li>Download the Python 3 installer for Linux.</li>
        <li>Install Python 3 using all of the defaults for installation.
        (Installation requires using the shell. If you aren't
        comfortable doing the installation yourself
        stop here and request help at the workshop.)</li>
        <li>
          Open a terminal window.
        </li>
        <li>
          Type <pre>bash Anaconda3-</pre> and then press
          tab. The name of the file you just downloaded should
          appear.
        </li>
        <li>
          Press enter. You will follow the text-only prompts.  When
          there is a colon at the bottom of the screen press the down
          arrow to move down through the text. Type <code>yes</code> and
          press enter to approve the license. Press enter to approve the
          default location for the files. Type <code>yes</code> and
          press enter to prepend Anaconda to your <code>PATH</code>
          (this makes the Anaconda distribution the default Python).
        </li>
      </ol>
    </div>
  </div>

</div> <!-- End of 'Python' section. -->


<!--<div id="r">  Start of 'R' section. -->
<!--  <h3>R</h3>

  <p>
    <a href="http://www.r-project.org">R</a> is a programming language
    that is especially powerful for data exploration, visualization, and
    statistical analysis. To interact with R, we use
    <a href="http://www.rstudio.com/">RStudio</a>.
  </p>

  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="r-windows">Windows</h4>
      <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0PjTAylwoU">Video Tutorial</a>
      <p>
        Install R by downloading and running
        <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/bin/windows/base/release.htm">this .exe file</a>
        from <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/index.html">CRAN</a>.
        Also, please install the
        <a href="http://www.rstudio.com/ide/download/desktop">RStudio IDE</a>.
        Note that if you have separate user and admin accounts, you should run the 
        installers as administrator (right-click on .exe file and select "Run as 
        administrator" instead of double-clicking). Otherwise problems may occur later, 
        for example when installing R packages.
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="r-macosx">Mac OS X</h4>
      <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5-ly3kyxwEg">Video Tutorial</a>
      <p>
        Install R by downloading and running
        <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/bin/macosx/R-latest.pkg">this .pkg file</a>
        from <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/index.html">CRAN</a>.
        Also, please install the
        <a href="http://www.rstudio.com/ide/download/desktop">RStudio IDE</a>.
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="r-linux">Linux</h4>
      <p>
        You can download the binary files for your distribution
        from <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/index.html">CRAN</a>. Or
        you can use your package manager (e.g. for Debian/Ubuntu
        run <code>sudo apt-get install r-base</code> and for Fedora run
        <code>sudo yum install R</code>).  Also, please install the
        <a href="http://www.rstudio.com/ide/download/desktop">RStudio IDE</a>.
      </p>
    </div>
  </div>
</div> --> <!-- End of 'R' section. -->

<div id="sql"> <!-- Start of 'SQLite' section. -->
  <h3>SQLite</h3>

  <p>
    SQL is a specialized programming language used with databases.  We
    use a very lightweight database system called SQLite in our lessons.  On its own, it's so light, it doesn't even include a user interface!  So, we use <a href="http://sqlitebrowser.org/">DB Browser for SQLite</a>. 
  </p>

  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="sql-windows">Windows</h4>
      <p>
        Download and install <a href="https://github.com/sqlitebrowser/sqlitebrowser/releases/download/v3.9.1/DB.Browser.for.SQLite-3.9.1-win32.exe">DB Browser for SQLite (Windows)</a>
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="sql-macosx">Mac OS X</h4>
      <p>
        Download and install <a href="https://github.com/sqlitebrowser/sqlitebrowser/releases/download/v3.9.1/DB.Browser.for.SQLite-3.9.1v2.dmg">DB Browser for SQLite (Mac)</a>
      </p>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-4">
      <h4 id="sql-linux">Linux</h4>
      <p>
        Download and install <a href="https://github.com/sqlitebrowser/sqlitebrowser/archive/v3.9.1.tar.gz">DB Browser for SQLite (Linux)</a>
      </p>
    </div>
  </div>


</div> <!-- End of 'SQLite' section. -->
  <p>
  Once you are done installing the software listed above,
  please go to <a href="setup/index.html">this page</a>,
  which has instructions on how to test that everything was installed correctly.
  </p>


<!--
  Uncomment this section if you are using our virtual machine.

<div id="vm">
  <h3>Virtual Machine</h3>

  <p>
    Some instructors prefer to have learners use a virtual machine (VM)
    rather than install software on their own computers.  If your
    instructors have chosen to do this, please:
  </p>
  <ol>
    <li>
      Install <a href="https://www.virtualbox.org/">VirtualBox</a>.
    </li>
    <li>
      Download our <a href="{{site.swc_vm}}">VM image</a>.
      <strong>Warning:</strong> this file is 1.7 GByte, so please
      download it <em>before</em> coming to your workshop.
    </li>
    <li>
      Load the VM into VirtualBox by selecting "Import Appliance" and
      loading the <code>.ova</code> file.
    </li>
  </ol>
</div>
-->