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document.getElementsByTagName( 'head' )[0].appendChild( link );</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="./styles/custom.css"></head><body><div class="reveal"><div class="slides"><section class="title" data-state="title" data-background-image="images/accessiblity_icons.svg"><h1>Was ist Web Accessibility? </h1><h2>→ eine kurze Einführung</h2></section><section id="_inhaltsverzeichnis"><div class="slide-content"><div id="toc" class="toc"><div id="toctitle"></div><ol class="sectlevel1"><li><a href="#_inhaltsverzeichnis">Inhaltsverzeichnis</a></li><li><a href="#_was_bedeutet_web_accessibility">Was bedeutet Web Accessibility?</a></li><li><a href="#_wieso_ist_web_accessibility_wichtig">Wieso ist Web Accessibility wichtig?</a></li><li><a href="#_die_rechtlichen_grundlagen_im_überblick">Die rechtlichen Grundlagen im Überblick</a></li><li><a href="#_was_bedeuten_die_aktuellen_rechtlichen_grundlagen">Was bedeuten die aktuellen rechtlichen Grundlagen?</a></li><li><a href="#_was_gilt_es_bei_der_entwicklung_von_web_applikationen_zu_beachten">Was gilt es bei der Entwicklung von Web Applikationen zu beachten?</a></li><li><a href="#_wie_identifiziert_man_verbesserungspotenzial">Wie identifiziert man Verbesserungspotenzial?</a></li><li><a href="#_was_sind_die_wichtigsten_punkte_des_wcag">Was sind die wichtigsten Punkte des WCAG?</a></li></ol></div></div></section>
<section id="_was_bedeutet_web_accessibility"><h2>Was bedeutet Web Accessibility?</h2><div class="slide-content"><div class="paragraph"><p>Webseiten, Tools und Technologien sollen so designed und entwickelt sein, dass Menschen mit einer Behinderung
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">1</span>]</sup> sie nutzen können.
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">2</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">3</span>]</sup></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Dazu müssen <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/#visual">visuelle</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/#auditory">auditive</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/#physical">motorische</a> und <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/people-use-web/abilities-barriers/#cognitive">kognitive</a> Barrieren vermieden oder kompensiert werden.</p></div></div><div class="footnotes"><div class="footnote">1. <a href="https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2003/667/de#art_2">Art. 2, BehiG</a></div><div class="footnote">2. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-intro/#what">W3C, Intro</a></div><div class="footnote">3. <a href="https://www.enableme.ch/de/artikel/bedeutung-von-barrierefreiheit-885">enableme, Erklärung</a></div></div></section>
<section id="_wieso_ist_web_accessibility_wichtig"><h2>Wieso ist Web Accessibility wichtig?</h2><div class="slide-content"><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>22% der Schweizer Bevölkerung sind betroffen
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">1</span>]</sup></p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>Im Alter von 16-24 J. sind 10% betroffen, ab 80 J. sind es 47%
<sup class="footnoteref">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">1</span>]</sup></p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>Fördert die Chancengleichheit
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">2</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">3</span>]</sup></p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>Gemäss BRK gilt der Zugang zu Information als Menschenrecht</p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>Reduziert die Diskriminierung
<sup class="footnoteref">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">2</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">4</span>]</sup></p></li><li><p>Bringt diverse Marktvorteile für Unternehmen
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">5</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">6</span>]</sup></p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>z.B. Innovation, Markenwahrnehmung, Marktabdeckung, Rechtssicherheit</p></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="footnotes"><div class="footnote">1. <a href="https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/wirtschaftliche-soziale-situation-bevoelkerung/gleichstellung-menschen-behinderungen/behinderungen/individuelle-merkmale.html">BfS, Menschen mit Behinderungen gemäss Gleichstellungsgesetz</a></div><div class="footnote">2. <a href="https://www.edi.admin.ch/edi/de/home/fachstellen/ebgb/recht/international0/uebereinkommen-der-uno-ueber-die-rechte-von-menschen-mit-behinde/geltungsbereich-und-zweck.html">Behindertenrechtskonvention (BRK), Geltungsbereich und Zweck</a></div><div class="footnote">3. <a href="https://www.bj.admin.ch/bj/de/home/gesellschaft/gesetzgebung/archiv/behinderte.html">BJ, Gleichstellung der Behinderten</a></div><div class="footnote">4. <a href="https://www.skmr.ch/de/schwerpunkte/verletzliche-gruppen/umsetzung-uno-brk/index.html">SKMR, Teilprojekt Umsetzung der UNO-Behindertenrechtskonvention in der Schweiz</a></div><div class="footnote">5. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-intro/#important">W3C, Accessibility is Important for Individuals, Businesses, Society</a></div><div class="footnote">6. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/business-case">W3C, The Business Case for Digital Accessibility </a></div></div></section>
<section id="_die_rechtlichen_grundlagen_im_überblick"><h2>Die rechtlichen Grundlagen im Überblick</h2><div class="slide-content"><div class="imageblock maxed-image"><img src="images/modules.svg" alt="modules"></div>
<div class="paragraph abgelehnt"><p>Abgelehnt</p></div>
<div class="paragraph rechtsnorm"><p>Rechtsnorm</p></div>
<div class="paragraph organisation"><p>Organisation</p></div>
<div class="paragraph standard"><p>Standard</p></div></div></section>
<section id="_was_bedeuten_die_aktuellen_rechtlichen_grundlagen"><h2>Was bedeuten die aktuellen rechtlichen Grundlagen?</h2><div class="slide-content"><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>Gleichstellung von Behinderten ist in der Schweiz spätestens seit 1999 ein Thema
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">1</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">2</span>]</sup></p></li><li><p>Die relevanten Rechtsnormen sind das BehiG
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">3</span>]</sup> und die BRK
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">4</span>]</sup></p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>Das BehiG betrifft nur den Staat und staatlich konzessionierte Unternehmen</p></li><li><p>Die BRK betrifft Staat und Privatwirtschaft, hat aber nur programmatischen Charakter</p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>Der relevante Standard in der Schweiz ist <strong>WCAG 2.1</strong>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">5</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">6</span>]</sup> (Stufe AA)</p></li><li><p>Beim Thema Web Accessiblity sieht der Bund insbesondere bei privaten Anbietern Nachholbedarf
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">7</span>]</sup></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="footnotes"><div class="footnote">1. <a href="https://www.bj.admin.ch/bj/de/home/gesellschaft/gesetzgebung/archiv/behinderte.html">Gleichstellung der Behinderten</a></div><div class="footnote">2. <a href="https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/fga/2001/434/de">Fedlex, Botschaft des Bundesrates zur Volksinitiative</a></div><div class="footnote">3. <a href="https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2003/667/de">Fedlex, BehiG</a></div><div class="footnote">4. <a href="https://www.edi.admin.ch/edi/de/home/fachstellen/ebgb/recht/international0/uebereinkommen-der-uno-ueber-die-rechte-von-menschen-mit-behinde.html">EDI, BRK</a></div><div class="footnote">5. <a href="https://www.access-for-all.ch/ch/barrierefreiheit/rechtlicher-rahmen-in-der-schweiz.html">W3C, WCAG 2.1</a></div><div class="footnote">6. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/policies/">W3C, Policies</a></div><div class="footnote">7. <a href="https://www.edi.admin.ch/dam/edi/de/dokumente/gleichstellung/publikation/bericht.pdf.download.pdf/bericht.pdf">EBGB, Bericht "Behindertenpolitik"</a></div></div></section>
<section id="_was_gilt_es_bei_der_entwicklung_von_web_applikationen_zu_beachten" class="smaller-text"><h2>Was gilt es bei der Entwicklung von Web Applikationen zu beachten?</h2><div class="slide-content"><div class="imageblock smaller-image"><img src="images/components_of_web_accessibility.png" alt="components of web accessibility"></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Damit eine Web Applikation barrierefrei ist müssen ihre Komponenten aufeinander abgestimmt sein.
Damit z.B. blinde Personen herausfinden können was ein Bild repräsentiert braucht es:
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">1</span>]</sup></p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>eine technische Spezifikation dafür (<code>alt</code> Attribut in HTML)</p></li><li><p>Guidelines (wie z.B. die WCAG) die definieren wie man <code>alt</code> für diesen Zweck nutzt</p></li><li><p>Enwickler:innen die das Attribut richtig einsezten</p></li><li><p>Tools (wie. z.B. Frameworks) welche den Entwickler dabei unterstützen</p></li><li><p>Tools welche prüfen, dass das Attribut definiert wurde</p></li><li><p>User Agents (z.B. Browser) als Schnittstelle für Mensch und Maschine</p></li><li><p>Unterstützende Technologien (z.B. Screen Reader) welche die Schnittstelle für den Mensch verbessern</p></li><li><p>Benutzer:innen die wissen wie man die Schnittstellen nutzt</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="footnotes"><div class="footnote">1. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/fundamentals/components">W3C, Essential Components of Web Accessibility</a></div></div></section>
<section id="_wie_identifiziert_man_verbesserungspotenzial"><h2>Wie identifiziert man Verbesserungspotenzial?</h2><div class="slide-content"><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>Verbesserungspotenzial lässt sich wie folgt identifizieren:</p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>mit einem Review durch Experten:innen
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">1</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">2</span>]</sup></p></li><li><p>mit einem selbst durchgeführten Review mit Hilfe von</p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>Checklisten
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">3</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">4</span>]</sup></p></li><li><p>Tools
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">5</span>]</sup>
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">6</span>]</sup></p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>indem man ein Bewusstsein für das Thema schafft</p></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="footnotes"><div class="footnote">1. <a href="https://www.access-for-all.ch/ch/beratung/accessibility-quicktest.html">Zugang für alle, Accessibility Quicktest </a></div><div class="footnote">2. <a href="https://www.access-for-all.ch/ch/beratung/accessibility-expert-review.html">Zugang für alle, Accessibility Review</a></div><div class="footnote">3. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/">W3C, How to Meet WCAG</a></div><div class="footnote">4. <a href="https://a11y.digitaldialog.swiss/">Strategie «Digitale Schweiz» des Bundesrates, Accessibility Checkliste</a></div><div class="footnote">5. <a href="https://wave.webaim.org/">WebAIM, WAVE Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool</a></div><div class="footnote">6. <a href="https://www.access-for-all.ch/ch/wissensecke-faq/tools-fuer-barrierefreies-webdesign.html">Zugang für alle, Tools für barrierefreies Webdesign</a></div></div></section>
<section id="_was_sind_die_wichtigsten_punkte_des_wcag"><h2>Was sind die wichtigsten Punkte des WCAG?</h2><div class="slide-content"><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>Die WCAG orientieren sich an vier Accessiblity Prinzipien:
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">1</span>]</sup></p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>Wahrnehmbarkeit
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">2</span>]</sup></p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>es sollte möglichst einfach sein Inhalte zu sehen oder hören</p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>Bedienbarkeit</p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>es sollte möglich sein sämtliche Funktionalität mit einer Tastatur zu nutzen
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">3</span>]</sup></p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>Verständlichkeit
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">4</span>]</sup></p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>es möglichst einfach sein Text zu lesen und zu verstehen</p></li></ul></div></li><li><p>Robustheit
<sup class="footnote">[<span class="footnote" title="View footnote.">5</span>]</sup></p><div class="ulist"><ul><li><p>die Applikation sollte möglichst kompatibel mit aktuellen und zukünftigen Technologien sein</p></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="footnotes"><div class="footnote">1. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-principles/">W3C, Accessibility Principles</a></div><div class="footnote">2. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/#principle1">WCAG 2.1, Principle 1 - Perceivable</a></div><div class="footnote">3. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/#principle2">WCAG 2.1, Principle 2 - Operable</a></div><div class="footnote">4. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/#principle3">WCAG 2.1, Principle 3 – Understandable</a></div><div class="footnote">5. <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/#principle4">WCAG 2.1, Principle 4 – Robust</a></div></div></section></div></div><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/js/reveal.js"></script><script>Array.prototype.slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('.slides section')).forEach(function(slide) {
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