introduction.bib

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isbn = {0-7803-5943-7},
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@article{matsukura1998transport,
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@article{groot1983,
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}

@article{coey2002half,
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@article{furdyna1988diluted,
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@article{munekata1989diluted,
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@article{matsumoto2001room,
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@article{venkatesan2004thin,
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@article{hong2006room,
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@article{sundaresan2006ferromagnetism,
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@article{yi2010ferromagnetism,
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@article{ueda2001magnetic,
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@article{ogale2003high,
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@article{philip2004high,
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@article{van1986experimental,
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@article{van2014x,
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@article{ohno1996ga,
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@article{hayashi1997magnetic,
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@article{ohldag2000magnetic,
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@article{khalid2014ferromagnetism,
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@article{scarpulla2005ferromagnetism,
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@article{gray2012bulk,
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@article{kobayashi2014unveiling,
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@article{keqi2018electronic,
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@article{zhao2006chemical,
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@article{haury1997observation,
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@article{dietl2010ten,
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@article{yang2010origin,
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@article{coey2005donor,
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@article{philip2006carrier,
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@article{coey2008oxide,
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@article{dietl2008origin,
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@article{ohtsuki2011role,
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@article{yamada2011electrically,
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@article{de2013structural,
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@article{sun2008evidence,
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@article{saadaoui2016intrinsic,
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@article{farvid2013influence,
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@article{gao2007ferromagnetic,
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@article{thurber2007ferromagnetism,
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@article{al2018effect,
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@article{chang2012oxygen,
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@article{bryan2005activation,
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@article{choudhury2013oxygen,
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@article{santara2014oxygen,
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@article{fernandes2009dilute,
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@article{hong2005role,
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@article{lee2002study,
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@article{chen2010oxygen,
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@article{satoh2013metastability,
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@article{kaspar2006ferromagnetism,
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  pages={155327},
  year={2006},
  publisher={APS}
}

%Sm doped ref

@article{xiao2007sol,
  title={Sol--gel auto-combustion synthesis of samarium-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation},
  author={Xiao, Qi and Si, Zhichun and Yu, Zhiming and Qiu, Guanzhou},
  journal={Materials Science and Engineering: B},
  volume={137},
  number={1-3},
  pages={189--194},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{cao2013luminescence,
  title={Luminescence properties of Sm3+-doped TiO2 nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and mechanism},
  author={Cao, Yuechan and Zhao, Zongyan and Yi, Juan and Ma, Chenshuo and Zhou, Dacheng and Wang, Rongfei and Li, Chen and Qiu, Jianbei},
  journal={Journal of Alloys and Compounds},
  volume={554},
  pages={12--20},
  year={2013},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{shi2008photocatalytic,
  title={Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange in water by samarium-doped TiO2},
  author={Shi, Jianwen and Zheng, Jingtang and Hu, Yan and Zhao, Yucui},
  journal={Environmental Engineering Science},
  volume={25},
  number={4},
  pages={489--496},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2 Madison Avenue Larchmont, NY 10538 USA}
}

@article{hu2007photoluminescence,
  title={Photoluminescence properties of samarium-doped TiO2 semiconductor nanocrystalline powders},
  author={Hu, Lanying and Song, Hongwei and Pan, Guohui and Yan, Bin and Qin, Ruifei and Dai, Qilin and Fan, Libo and Li, Suwen and Bai, Xue},
  journal={Journal of Luminescence},
  volume={127},
  number={2},
  pages={371--376},
  year={2007},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{kiisk2005photoluminescence,
  title={Photoluminescence characterization of pure and Sm3+-doped thin metaloxide films},
  author={Kiisk, V and Sildos, I and Lange, S and Reedo, V and T{\"a}tte, T and Kirm, M and Aarik, J},
  journal={Applied Surface Science},
  volume={247},
  number={1-4},
  pages={412--417},
  year={2005},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{park2011photoluminescence,
  title={Photoluminescence of samarium-doped TiO2 nanotubes},
  author={Park, Dong Jin and Sekino, Tohru and Tsukuda, Satoshi and Hayashi, Asuka and Kusunose, Takafumi and Tanaka, Shun-Ichiro},
  journal={Journal of Solid State Chemistry},
  volume={184},
  number={10},
  pages={2695--2700},
  year={2011},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{dinkar2016sm,
  title={Sm-Doped Tio2 Nanoparticles with High Photocatalytic Activity for ARS Dye Under Visible Light Synthesized by Ultrasonic Assisted Sol-Gel Method},
  author={Dinkar, V Aware and Shridhar, S Jadhav and Madhukar, E Navgire and Anil, E Athare and Nitin, H Kolhe},
  journal={Oriental Journal of Chemistry},
  volume={32},
  number={2},
  pages={933--940},
  year={2016}
}

@article{ma2010synthesis,
  title={Synthesis and characterization of thermally stable Sm, N co-doped TiO2 with highly visible light activity},
  author={Ma, Yunfei and Zhang, Jinlong and Tian, Baozhu and Chen, Feng and Wang, Lingzhi},
  journal={Journal of Hazardous Materials},
  volume={182},
  number={1-3},
  pages={386--393},
  year={2010},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{xiang2017enhanced,
  title={Enhanced performance for planar perovskite solar cells with samarium-doped TiO2 compact electron transport layers},
  author={Xiang, Yan and Ma, Zhu and Zhuang, Jia and Lu, Honglin and Jia, Chunyang and Luo, Junsheng and Li, Haimin and Cheng, Xiaowei},
  journal={The Journal of Physical Chemistry C},
  volume={121},
  number={37},
  pages={20150--20157},
  year={2017},
  publisher={ACS Publications}
}

@article{tseng2016magnetic,
  title={Magnetic properties of Sm-doped rutile TiO2 nanorods},
  author={Tseng, Li-Ting and Luo, Xi and Li, Sean and Yi, Jiabao},
  journal={Journal of Alloys and Compounds},
  volume={687},
  pages={294--299},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

%PL ref

@article{nguyen2019electromigration,
  title={Electromigration with enhanced green emission in the titanium dioxide nanotube/graphene composite},
  author={Nguyen, Tri Tuan and Tung, Tran Thanh and Losic, Dusan and Anh, Luu Thi Lan and Nguyen, Xuan Sang and others},
  journal={Current Applied Physics},
  volume={19},
  number={10},
  pages={1082--1087},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{dramicanin2014self,
  title={Self-referenced luminescence thermometry with Sm3+ doped TiO2 nanoparticles},
  author={Drami{\'c}anin, MD and Anti{\'c}, {\v{Z}} and {\'C}ulubrk, Sanja and Ahrenkiel, Scott Phillip and Nedeljkovi{\'c}, JM},
  journal={Nanotechnology},
  volume={25},
  number={48},
  pages={485501},
  year={2014},
  publisher={IOP Publishing}
}

@article{abazovic2006photoluminescence,
  title={Photoluminescence of anatase and rutile TiO2 particles},
  author={Abazovi{\'c}, Nadica D and {\v{C}}omor, Mirjana I and Drami{\'c}anin, Miroslav D and Jovanovi{\'c}, Dragana J and Ahrenkiel, S Phillip and Nedeljkovi{\'c}, Jovan M},
  journal={The Journal of Physical Chemistry B},
  volume={110},
  number={50},
  pages={25366--25370},
  year={2006},
  publisher={ACS Publications}
}

@article{peng2019photocatalytic,
  title={Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 over Sm-doped TiO2 nanoparticles},
  author={Peng, Hao and Guo, Ruitang and Lin, He},
  journal={Journal of Rare Earths},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

%magnetic references

@article{ghosh2019evidence,
  title={Evidence of oxygen and Ti vacancy induced ferromagnetism in post-annealed undoped anatase TiO2 nanocrystals: A spectroscopic analysis},
  author={Ghosh, Shyamsundar and Nambissan, PMG},
  journal={Journal of Solid State Chemistry},
  volume={275},
  pages={174--180},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{tseng2016structures,
  title={Structures and properties of transition-metal-doped TiO2 nanorods},
  author={Tseng, Li-Ting and Luo, Xi and Bao, Nina and Ding, Jun and Li, Sean and Yi, Jiabao},
  journal={Materials Letters},
  volume={170},
  pages={142--146},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{coey2010ferromagnetism,
  title={Ferromagnetism in defect-ridden oxides and related materials},
  author={Coey, JMD and Stamenov, P and Gunning, RD and Venkatesan, M and Paul, K},
  journal={New Journal of Physics},
  volume={12},
  number={5},
  pages={053025},
  year={2010},
  publisher={IOP Publishing}
}

@article{li2016synthesis,
  title={Synthesis, microstructure, and properties of black anatase and B phase TiO2 nanoparticles},
  author={Li, Lu and Chen, Yan and Jiao, Shihui and Fang, Zhenxing and Liu, Xu and Xu, Ye and Pang, Gangsheng and Feng, Shouhua},
  journal={Materials \& Design},
  volume={100},
  pages={235--240},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{tseng2014doping,
  title={Doping concentration dependence of microstructure and magnetic behaviours in Co-doped TiO 2 nanorods},
  author={Tseng, Li-Ting and Luo, Xi and Tan, Thiam Teck and Li, Sean and Yi, Jiabao},
  journal={Nanoscale research letters},
  volume={9},
  number={1},
  pages={673},
  year={2014},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@article{zhang2016interfacial,
  title={Interfacial effect on Mn-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles: from paramagnetism to ferromagnetism},
  author={Zhang, Le and Zhu, Liping and Hu, Liang and Li, Yaguang and Song, Hui and Ye, Zhizhen},
  journal={RSC Advances},
  volume={6},
  number={62},
  pages={57403--57408},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry}
}