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<title>Robocross-2019 | Clover</title><meta name="description" content="Clover Drone Kit">
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<div id="app"><!--[--><div class="theme-container"><!--[--><header ref_key="navbar" class="navbar"><div class="toggle-sidebar-button" title="true" aria-expanded="false" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="icon" aria-hidden="true"><span></span><span></span><span></span></div></div><span><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/" class=""><img class="logo" src="/clover-vuepress/clover-logo.png" alt="Clover"><span class="site-name can-hide">Clover</span></a></span><div class="navbar-items-wrapper" style=""><!--[--><!--]--><nav class="navbar-items can-hide"><!--[--><div class="navbar-item"><a class="external-link" href="https://coex.tech" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Official Site"><!--[--><!--]--> Official Site <span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading" aria-label="COEX Clover"><!--[--><!--]--> COEX Clover <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/glossary.html" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading" aria-label="Glossary"><!--[--><!--]--> Glossary <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/safety.html" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading" aria-label="Safety tips"><!--[--><!--]--> Safety tips <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading collapsible">Assembly <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/assembly.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Clover drone assembly"><!--[--><!--]--> Clover drone assembly <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/assemble_4_2.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Clover 4.2 assembly"><!--[--><!--]--> Clover 4.2 assembly <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/assemble_4_2_ws.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Clover 4 assembly"><!--[--><!--]--> Clover 4 assembly <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/assemble_4.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Clover 4 assembly"><!--[--><!--]--> Clover 4 assembly <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/assemble_3.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Assembly of Clover 3"><!--[--><!--]--> Assembly of Clover 3 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/assemble_2.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Clover 2 construction kit assembly instruction"><!--[--><!--]--> Clover 2 construction kit assembly instruction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading collapsible">Configuration <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/setup.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Initial setup"><!--[--><!--]--> Initial setup <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/calibration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sensor calibration"><!--[--><!--]--> Sensor calibration <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/radio.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="RC setup"><!--[--><!--]--> RC setup <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/rc_flysky_a8s.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Using Flysky FS-A8S"><!--[--><!--]--> Using Flysky FS-A8S <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/modes.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Flight modes"><!--[--><!--]--> Flight modes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/power.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Power setup"><!--[--><!--]--> Power setup <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/failsafe.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Failsafe configuration"><!--[--><!--]--> Failsafe configuration <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading collapsible">Manual flight <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/flight.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Flight"><!--[--><!--]--> Flight <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/flight_exercises.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Drone control exercises"><!--[--><!--]--> Drone control exercises <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading collapsible">Working with Raspberry Pi <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/raspberry.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Raspberry Pi"><!--[--><!--]--> Raspberry Pi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/image.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Raspberry Pi image"><!--[--><!--]--> Raspberry Pi image <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/wifi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Connecting to Clover via Wi-Fi"><!--[--><!--]--> Connecting to Clover via Wi-Fi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/connection.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Connecting Raspberry Pi to the flight controller"><!--[--><!--]--> Connecting Raspberry Pi to the flight controller <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/gcs_bridge.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Using QGroundControl via Wi-Fi"><!--[--><!--]--> Using QGroundControl via Wi-Fi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/ssh.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SSH access to Raspberry Pi"><!--[--><!--]--> SSH access to Raspberry Pi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/cli.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Command line interface"><!--[--><!--]--> Command line interface <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/selfcheck.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Automatic check"><!--[--><!--]--> Automatic check 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aria-label="ArUco marker detection"><!--[--><!--]--> ArUco marker detection <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/aruco_map.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Map-based navigation with ArUco markers"><!--[--><!--]--> Map-based navigation with ArUco markers <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/optical_flow.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Use of Optical Flow"><!--[--><!--]--> Use of Optical Flow <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/simple_offboard.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Autonomous flight"><!--[--><!--]--> Autonomous flight <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/frames.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Coordinate systems (frames)"><!--[--><!--]--> Coordinate systems (frames) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/snippets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Code examples"><!--[--><!--]--> Code examples <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/laser.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Working with a laser rangefinder"><!--[--><!--]--> Working with a laser rangefinder <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/leds.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Working with a LED strip"><!--[--><!--]--> Working with a LED strip <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/gpio.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Working with GPIO"><!--[--><!--]--> Working with GPIO <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/sonar.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Working with the ultrasonic distance gage"><!--[--><!--]--> Working with the ultrasonic distance gage <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/camera.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Working with the camera"><!--[--><!--]--> Working with the camera <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/rviz.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Using rviz and rqt"><!--[--><!--]--> Using rviz and rqt <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/autolaunch.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Software autorun"><!--[--><!--]--> Software autorun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/javascript.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Work with ROS from browser"><!--[--><!--]--> Work with ROS from browser <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/blocks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Blocks programming for Clover"><!--[--><!--]--> Blocks programming for Clover <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/simulation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Simulation overview"><!--[--><!--]--> Simulation overview <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/simulation_native.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Native setup"><!--[--><!--]--> Native setup <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/simulation_vm.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Simulation VM setup"><!--[--><!--]--> Simulation VM setup <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/simulation_usage.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Using the simulator"><!--[--><!--]--> Using the simulator <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/simulation_m1.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Running simulator on M1 powered computer"><!--[--><!--]--> Running simulator on M1 powered computer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/ros.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="ROS"><!--[--><!--]--> ROS <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/mavros.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="MAVROS"><!--[--><!--]--> MAVROS <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading collapsible">Supplementary materials 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href="/clover-vuepress/en/mechanical_grip.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Assembling and setting up a mechanical gripper"><!--[--><!--]--> Assembling and setting up a mechanical gripper <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/trainer_mode.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="FlySky Trainer mode settings"><!--[--><!--]--> FlySky Trainer mode settings <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/tinning.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Blanching"><!--[--><!--]--> Blanching <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/connectortypes.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Types of power connectors"><!--[--><!--]--> Types of power connectors <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/4in1.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Connecting 4 in 1 ESCs"><!--[--><!--]--> Connecting 4 in 1 ESCs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/tb.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Soldering safety"><!--[--><!--]--> Soldering safety <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/leds_old.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Working with a LED strip on Raspberry 3"><!--[--><!--]--> Working with a LED strip on Raspberry 3 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/contributing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Contribution to Clover"><!--[--><!--]--> Contribution to Clover <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/packages.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="COEX packages repository"><!--[--><!--]--> COEX packages repository <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/migrate20.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration to version 0.20"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration to version 0.20 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/migrate22.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration to version 0.22"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration to version 0.22 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading collapsible">Events <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/events.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Events"><!--[--><!--]--> Events <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/copterhack2022.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="CopterHack 2022"><!--[--><!--]--> CopterHack 2022 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/copterhack2021.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="CopterHack 2021"><!--[--><!--]--> CopterHack 2021 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/copterhack2019.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Copter Hack 2019"><!--[--><!--]--> Copter Hack 2019 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/copterhack2018.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Copter Hack 2018"><!--[--><!--]--> Copter Hack 2018 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/copterhack2017.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Copter Hack 2017"><!--[--><!--]--> Copter Hack 2017 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/video_contest.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Contest for the best educational video on assembly and configuration"><!--[--><!--]--> Contest for the best educational video on assembly and configuration <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/clover-vuepress/en/educational_contests.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Educational contests"><!--[--><!--]--> Educational contests <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="robocross-2019" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#robocross-2019" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Robocross-2019</h1><p>On July, 2019, for the fourth time in a row, the team Copter Express won the annual tests of unmanned vehicles "<a href="http://russianrobotics.ru/activities/robokross-2019/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Robocross<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>". Tests are held at the GAZ test site near Nizhny Novgorod.</p><p>The main objective of the tests in the UAV category was to localize and destroy the target - the red balloon - autonomously.</p><h2 id="video" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#video" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Video</h2><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zMh5THdHuX8" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe><h2 id="implementation" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#implementation" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Implementation</h2><p>The team used an F450 frame based quadcopter and <a href="https://github.com/CopterExpress/clover" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clover software platform<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. The final source code is available <a href="https://github.com/CopterExpress/robocross2019/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">on GitHub<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p><code>robocross2019</code> ROS package is divided into two parts: <code>red_dead_detection</code> ROS nodelet recognizes the red ball, <code>ball.py</code> implements high-level flight logic.</p><h2 id="red-dead-detection" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#red-dead-detection" aria-hidden="true">#</a> red_dead_detection</h2><p>The <code>red_dead_detection</code> nodelet recognizes the red ball on the image from the forward looking quadcopter camera (<code>/front_camera/image_raw</code> and <code>/front_camera/camera_info</code> topics). The simplest method of filtering the image by color is applied. Then the nodelet calculates the geometric center of the detected segments, and performs camera distortion compensation (<code>cv::undistortPoints</code>).</p><p>Using the known focal lengths of the camera (from <code>camera_info</code>), the nodelet calculates the vector directed towards the target. The resulting vector is published to the topic <code>/red_dead_detection/direction</code>; its coordinate system (<code>frame_id</code> is associated with the front camera <code>front_camera_optical</code>).</p><h2 id="balloon-py" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#balloon-py" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <a href="http://balloon.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">balloon.py<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></h2><p>To fly towards the ball, the direction vector <code>red_dead_detection/direction</code> is used, which is set as a setpoint for the velocity of the drone. The yaw angle is also set towards the ball. The target is considered destroyed when the total area of red pixels is less than the threshold for a certain amount of camera frames.</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><div class="meta-item edit-link"><a class="external-link meta-item-label" href="https://github.com/CopterExpress/clover/edit/master/docs/en/robocross2019.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Edit this page"><!--[--><!--]--> Edit this page <span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div><!----><!----></footer><!----><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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