Add a linter to the Python code

[evertdeman]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
The Python code does not follow standards like PEP8 and is inconsistent at times, even uses inconsistent white space (I have seen 3 spaces). Formatted code is much easier to read and maintain

Describe the solution you'd like
Lint the code with a tool like ruff which is really fast at checking, but also formatting code. Add a CI job that checks the code for style before merging any PRs

Describe alternatives you've considered
None really

[cookpa]

I could work on including ruff, + black if we're really serious about enforcing a style.

But it would require sign-off from @stnava and @ntustison to install pre-commit hooks and make changes via PR. We can have an action auto-fix minor stuff (like trailing whitespace) on PRs.

[ntustison]

It's fine with me. Thanks @cookpa